Milwauree,  WIS

oko Ed. Asshermann &, Com Barn Columbus
The grandest and most interesting speech over Dollroad in this country, in commemoration of this great Sangerfest. entitled
MILWAUKEE 500 YEARS AGO.
Ladies and gentlemen!
I have the pleasure o? getting ninsoll n( into a granH$ctttee» fop $er eo|n^r#fl$Qfl ov dat preaC JPmgerbund *ich in beholden in der Ocety ov Milwaukee. (.Ap/platiR©). fKiOyeari <-%$ 'iptac frientP,'if y*>u rcinemper v» 11, this ceetv van nix turn hcrauH, der vim no Btreena over <l£r,Wty» ib&ft if* no\v, tier va** no •hke flouting in <Jer river, <\ov \ as no c tnal<j over ler bridge.*, and jJfcr Vitfcnojake qn<d6r boattf, steering the en plain*overthe canal. Yes mino tear eretizec* 500 years ago, I remember veil, wtajpn J fdmt ingefc mine goot friend .Solomon Juneau, (great theorin^), I ^ait to heem b'ol Qtshl'poy, w£ must do tioiIKUi rigs fot this ti'Wti, which ov dnirfni vas very Hhuiall than, u* eet had lesa than two niillipna beajdei? e#n it, and i ic* *a>s yi A Louia mine iriendt %y viit, and we got tog-ddcr all thorn odder poysr Kyron Wfboarn, Geo. ff. WaHtt ry i'edef- Kpgb m u», A. Uplmm, Moriz MioWlb-r and Mat. fctein. I ch-lli* yon, w«$ vafldef poy$ from phenol dem tirnea and Wo 'em to Menr? VVehr, x I i ULv'i* and Holt Zand to nil der* odder So)#ou .po>s\ as ve patro-miwsrd all ov dem, and sat t-n der (op <v a -o -bible ghias pv lager beer, di&iljtttajf <1er matter, and wo come to ch-'r •>on^li^iof\, did we mtiMt do s. usi.* lings f<>r Milwaukee, and I clells you Initios nnd Hientleruenp, we did. ( Lfhijr continued appbu-e ) 50') jeanTligo mine worthy (ie^l*zo«^ when {*T3p#ned der furnt Merchant tuit >r J'sbelishrncnf in thU cert y (gnat eLee?ing)Wud raadeotild "frol Juneau U*e furst Fuil ov clothe*, yoo veil rememper, how teekied'he was> wit dent f nnd hc^ te8 m<^tbgh d& I vould n)ak6 h great Snider ov winf8el:uf in lew than 'J i«r 3</0 v» ari, (contina<»d checKnRj. Y^ rmp© frientn dtm* onfd Rtttlers vn^ all pood p«-oph fi, l>ut d* r poor ding*, v.-i» all gone, dey diPtt mit^Tefcys clo^d, |>odr tellers &m\ cant see anir more this ^n'ai *ii'» {.?, nnd ilut gr^ut ^in^in^ from dvm< great San^erbniute; fill over der coontrary. (Sh^ddinK /»f tears and k'rr*t exo.tf*ment^ Bat kind peoples fifl bedrest) and roinsfetbif an<l a few more ov our oeetizen^ rt tn-iupto d'-m tiint\s nnd can & d yoti ail #bandt it. (Af'iflaiise}. Milwnukae was not Milwaukee. Mihvnukef tan he pioud over if. fsciluf iio.w, and what $0fKT. eet? 1 will cleil yon* Aiiiongh dein o}d (ihaps uie gony, dtro i^ odder goflt ntnl fthtuartman,;Who«t^)^t}>eir;blacfea^ for infltinnt our goot and ti<VpT« n>an nn ester l'l.-inktiiigtan, (Ton«( continued fthoerifigj m pe^bot.a grreat nian ? and ' Infe he cfon^ conHther^ih'^.r dis to^f-n'' Ye^he d«'tt-rveHcrcdeed niit himrfilfti^ fot h^s fcmdme^v ar«4 MlHv:tnkee is proud>o^|h^ni, and look nt oWi odder fthentlemenp, Meester* Job retort. ^I.e'etclKfJ, 'Coleman, (/bnpotan, ;.ictie6i?«,^idfr><.n and (otskore <tr ti.e.e§^c»ot and remftrkabffemen; sw'h&tf they Bdlppullini; theinsellnrs rnit de^r''$e\y to^eddcr, (l^nuJVbistling. and look at dem odder £03-s'bv cfef gsKjaernll eotneety'i ovh1 kind Jind flfe#rt mayor Mooter Wn]h»rt5, «in*f he a dandy?'but I amQowil onVbWemrbeoB«He he ypnld'nt let me li^lfewoiks f »r tny oponiniJ:, ji'iwl h>t \\\q burn deb t«\vfi ov MjlW*l1$ee 3ow», &h«are» all jbe horses ar d kill a &>fr ^>eaphp. but you bet oiino lif«, I vitl get' evnri rait l»«vm,-. &}*''$&& $SpCEexftr^t wBfen-I cut fn*etn up in i Qdd;T-iuit or clothe (Vireat fa winter aivl oheefjng}.. Yej»*^erti]«frn'en'Sii^ he ees a goot ; man .anyway and ink doui odder great (Vetijena like AJ^eBters Jljlenctel^ Fc|Uf> Catenbu^en, J|y^8e,n ufad Zinn, and desrt shirl^n<iid two shentleaian, I mean dose two, the PiihlUherfy $?ho deieA'estredfeeu'OTtt "den^elllufa for trying ail mifc der power to marko it a grant-success, all dera ghenftleman joftiing h«n<l^and /eet „ io^edder, tJ^ey make a hustler or a general" te°a»n.    (Long &pp\ame$)Y t '• .. v
y'/ T feny Dietizen.^ov Milwnukee, w«ybro"0ght it far een $0 fe\v ^esaru,'q|ily 500 years* 4nd W£ got to fcjyaifk ditnt goot man for their help nnd kindness, andb^fdre tshut ifcrnseffcit up fmt pin© ^r?tnt apeaeh, I • ,il| n)e-.i'tipn a odder natne to der lifltf which you all lo$e and jreshpegt, anddat ees iVliss Liife flankinton, i'"sLong conf:nued cheering J, -fiat nople {ady./who got VVaahihgtown alive in a moriyinent an& ninde it a j praige.nt-to.der ce^ty*,-datis a'"Milwaukee wr«>man, aat iscler Ym<\; Whaaftre e^n Mihvaukee,'bleds bir heart, *nd look afc lota more or d^m ^ood'ia-tiea here, whoj encourage d^r; hu4>*nds to dp g«io#and (%o goot them-selltifB| I say ^Ulwankee hnV()er bep.t ov ¦vvoniati, tfee hotd btegg them., (Great applanWantlexci lenient), and4?tl hitch rriinestdluf up with orio, \f der is one fdofcish: ^nc>ugh!vt^ Biajt^s "|ne." (^Imt *l<iinjfhier). In e.oPKJU^ioa T :vill t-ny onco more 1inel> before fshtop iit©gfdd#,1iUfe t ^ftfstn-y hereJfik ^lijwiVukee, keep np da|-Merchant Tnilor EHbalisbnie/nt at 330-And ,423 fcasi Water '9trjge|;.ah<ic6r^i£{^ to!cut the poya np in ftn|$aitsov dot hot*, b&tjtrr i»nd for ^10.00 ^hee^er ^an a^yv odder itail«r* in tier tJniied Snakes mit A-nifj|gk»fr and I hope folr old utieiuery f.ike.ofcBOO ye.a.i'fe ago, yon AVilMlJ;str3iige^®Kjdi>efciaens, get cut up eeplnew suits of clothe! by irk\ and wlien vfk meet again in 500 years from noVr, »nd frieze drough dea* gUl^'n gate, T vill jnake you all a suit for nodding $nd throw yotl inapiiir 6v ^wnts. besides, and still be yo|i>f 0uhl friendt sud Tailor                                      *                                                                             *
' r/*UIS SlfsintSfONE.
I^micI « hilling nnd thr«|s roiim'ng cheert f^r
SILVERSTONE  "my TAilor."
355HJ57-GOLDSMITH &CO.-B%Srr
The Leading (^atptt, <Kmtain %jgg IBgfrqfeterg House In the fiortfewe^t.
The City of Milkaukee GUIDE

TO THE "CREAM  CITY"  FOR  VISITORS AND CITIZENS.
GIVING A HISTORY OF TJHE
Settlement, Development and present Importance of the City, with a Chronology of Interesting Events.
OF  THE
24th Sangerfest of the N.-A Sangerbund
fit Milwaukee,   July 21—25,   1886,

WITH   AN
Historical Sketch of the North-American Siengertmnd, and the Advancement of the Art of Singing and Xnsie in America; the Official Programmer, and other Valuable Information pertaining to the Stengerfent.
EMBRACING  ALSO
Descriptions of the following noted Summer Resorts of Wisconsin: Pewaukee,
Waukesha, Oconomowoc, Lake Side, Gifford's, Mineral Spring Park,
The Dells, etc*, etc.
PROFUSELY   ILLUSTRATED.
Together with Birdseye Views of the City in Ten Plates, from original
perspective drawings, and new and accurate Maps of the City,
and of the County of Milwaukee, both drawn
expressly for this "Souvenir."
CASPAR & ZAHN, Publishers,
MI. WAUKEE,  WIS. 1886.
Copyright 1886. by C. N. CASPAR & H. H. ZAHN.
It is with great pleasure that this "Souvenir," portraying the manifold beauties of Milwaukee, is presented to you by the undersigned. The little book will enable yon ta form an accurate idea of the Cream City — it« development, extent and present importance.
A cordial invitation is extended to you, to participate in the great National Siingerfest, which will take place in our city July 21— 2S, 1886.
Preparations for this grand festival have been made on the most liberal and extensive scale, and the Sangerfest will undoubtedly prove to be the greatest event recorded in the history of song and music in America. It is estimated that over one hundred thousand visitors will be present, and all may be assured of an hospitable reception on the part of the citizens of Milwaukee.
This Sitngerfest will assuredly'prove a lasting and pleasant recollection to every participant.
PUBLISHERS' NOTE.
AN accurate and comprehensive " Guide " to the city of Milwaukee has long been desirable, and hitherto nothing has been published deserving the name.
The occurrence of the great National Saertgerfest was considered by the publishers to be a proper and excellent opportunity to prepare a Guide of this city, a Guide which would be perfectly trustworthy, and useful for every one of the many visitors present at the Festival, as well as for all of the residents of Milwaukee.
In its plan and scope this Guide is based upon the renowned Baedecker and other prominent Guides of large European cities, and the publishers believe that their book will bear favorable comparison with any Guide of any city of the Union.
To make this Souvenir and Guide a valuable handbook, neither expense nor labor have been spared, and as it bears the impress of a local character to a large degree, and treats extensively of the business features of an indiiRtrious city, it will always be worthy of preservation. The maps of the city and county of Milwaukee were expressly compiled and engraved for this Guide, and contain all alterations and additions to date; the ten Birdseye-Views are an original feature in an American book of this kind, and will materially assint every one in forming a comprehensive idea of the topography of Milwaukee.
We are pleased to sav that our enterprise received kind encouragement on the part of the business men of Milwaukee, although the book was y ^T issued under the auspices of any committee. The success of this " Souvenir" rested on it^own merits alone.
We embrace this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to all those who have favored us with ili(»ir cardn, and to the public in general for its liberal  support.
.Iwlv 1, 188«
C. N. Caspar and H. H. Zahn, Publishers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PagE.

PUBLISHERS' NOTE.......................................................................5
THE SJENGERFEST.—Explanatory—Official Programmes..............7-8
—General Information...................................9
THE ART OF SINOINO AND MUSIC IN AMERICA.-By Eugenk....................................................11-20
MILWAUKEE.—By K. A. Lindkrfklt.                                                                                                                           
1.   .Historical Sketch      ................................................................................... ...............................21-41
2.    Chronology of lOcal Events................................................................................................................45-51
8    Commerce and Manufactures.........................................................................................................55-65
OUIDE TO THE CREAM CITY.—By Richard G. Frackklton                                                                                 
Practical Hints and General Information          ..........................................................69-81
Method of Numbering the- Houses.....................................81-88
How to Reach tho Various Parts of the City.........................................................................................85-89
Points of Interest....................................................................................................................................90-96
A Day In Milwaukee..........................................................................................................................96-98
The Vicinity of Milwaukee;   DriveB in tbe Suburbs.........................................................................98-99
In and Around Milwaukee:   a Reference Table.................................................................................100-108
Industries and Business Houses of Milwaukee............*......................................................................105-108
The Press of Milwaukee.......................„...................................r..........................................................109-110	
Railroadsand Steamer Lines................................................................................................................111
THE SUMMER RESORTS OF WISCONSIN—By Richard G. Frackklton..............................................................112—119
MILWAUKEE ILLUSTRATED in 10 Blrdseye Views............................................................29, 33. 43,53, 61. 71, 79, 84, 88, 97
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
Pauk.
Abreach, Chas , Carriages, etc..........................................   52
Adams & Co., F. F., Tobacco............................................   46
Arnold & Co., C. Furniture.............................................    IS
Asnruth & (To., A., (train MerchatitH.................................   56
Atkins, Ogden <fc Co., Boot and Shoe Matiufacturers........   52
Barber, Edward, Real Estate............................................    02
Bttrth; Peter, Wines...........................................................   72
Bauer & Hon, J. C, Boots and Shoes...............................   82
Becher, J. A., Real Estate................................................   52
Beer, Richard, Livery......................................................   80
Bergenthal Co., Win., Distillers.....................................   M
Berger, Henry, Feathers...................................................   58
Best Brewing Co............................................................60
Biersach & Niedermeyer, Galvanized Iron Works............   62
Biuzel, Jacob, Wines............v...........................................   48
Birkenwald<fc Co., H., Butcher Supplies...........................    58
Blocdel, A., Jeweler.........................................................   56
Brah, Wm., Engraver........................................................   62
Brand Ktove Co., Htove Founders.....................................   42
Brenk Bros., Merchant Tailors.........................................   50
Brumder, Geo., "Geriiiniiia"............................................   80
Buude& Cpmeyer, Mfg. Jewelers....................................   48
Burroughs, Geo., Trunks............,.....................................   86
Campbell & Sons, Gardiner, Bell Founders.............'.........   72
Carpeles, Hartmann & Co., Trunks...................................   56
Caspar, C. N., Books......................:.................................  107
Catholic Normal School and Pio Nono College.................  120
Chapman & Co., Dry Goods...............................................  108
Conrad Bros., Tanners......................................................   48
Cream City Brewing Qo....................................................   82
DcGuenther's Steam Laundry..........................................   56
Dietrich & Adams, Rubber Stamps....................................  58
Dillmann, Adam, Wines...................................................   82
Domestic Sewing Machines...............................................   56
Elleson, A., Architect.......................................................   f>2
Elmore & Co., R. P., Coal..................................................   52
Erbacher & Co., F. W., Fancy Groceries...........................   72
Filer <fe Stowell Co., Iron Works.......................................   44
Fisher & Co., I)., Chemists................................................   52
Flint and Pere Marquette R. R. and Steamship Line.......   62
Fuldner & Co., L., Wines..................................................   82
Gallun Otto, Stoves...........................................................   62
Gardner Co., A. H., Belting...............„..............................   76
Gerlach & Co., Wm., Maltsters..........................................   58
Gettelman, A., Brewer......................................................   82
Geuder & Paeschke Mfg. Co.,- Tinware...........:.................   82
Goelz & Co., J. P., Cigar Manufacturers...................'........   58
Goldsmith & Co., Carpets..................................................     l
Graf, John, Soda Water, etc..............................................   60
Grand Union Tea Co.........................................................   76
Grant & Co., E. W., Carriages, etc.........................Back Cover.
Greulich & Son, Aug., Native Wines.................................   48
Gross, Phil., Hardware.....................................................   52
Hanson, Dr. M. P., Turkish Bath.....................................   78
Hambitzer, Chas., Music Dealer......................................   86
Hammel, Newald & Co., Wines...............„........................   44
Hartung, F., Custom Tailor..........M..................................   76
Hpnnecke & Co., C, Statuary............................................   80
Herb & Schmidt, Furniture.............................................   44
Heth, CMb„ 8yrups........................................................   78
Hoffmann & Billings Mfg. Co., Brass & Iran Works.........   46
Jacobi & Richter, Foreign Delicacies...............................   €K
Keye, Wm., News Dealer...................................................    7i
Kiockhefer Bros. & Co., Tinware......................................   42
Kirehhoff. Chas., Jr.. Architect........................................   56
Kraus&Co., F., Maltsters..............................................   54
Kroeger Bros. & Co., Dry Goods and Groceries.................   56
Kroeger, Werner, Hardware.............................................   44
Kruse A Barker, Plumbers................................................    86
V                                               Page.
Ktiehle. J. B., Furnishing Goods......................................    62
Ladwig. Emit. Cigar Manufacturer.................................    82
Ladwig A Hchranck, Barbers' Supplies...........................    86
Uverrenz A Bro., Otto, Paper Boxes................................   44
Lehman* Co., Peter, Merchant Tailors...........................   44
Marr<& Richards, Engravers............................................   72
Martini, Gustav, Confectioner..........................................    78
Massino, John, Plumber------..........................................   76
McBeath, F. V., Dentist....................................................   60
Weineeke & Son, A., Willow Ware....................................   68
Mendel, Smith <fc Co., Wholesale Grocers......2nd Inside Cover.
Merchants Exchange Bank...............................................   86
Meunier, John, Gunsmith................................................   ^6
Mllbrath & Hartmann, Real Estate..................................   58
Miller, Fred., Brewer....................................,..................    82
Milwaukee Garden............................................................    68
MilwaukebJMechunies' Insurance Co..........%....................    74
Mix & Co.-J£> T., Architects.............................................    60
Mueller^r. F., Physician...............................................   62
Newbert & Co., F. T., Boot and Shoe Manufacturers.........   62
Niedecken & Co.. H., Paper:.....„..........i,........................   72
North-German Lloyd Steamship Co..'................................   60
Northwestern Fuel Co., Coal......................2nd Inside Cover.
Obermann Brewing Co......................................................    70
Orth^Adam, Wines...........................................................   80
Panorama of Vicksburg.......;...........................................    40
Patton & Co., Jas. E., Paints and Oils...........2nd Inside ('over.
Paul & Shape, Photographers' Materials.........„...............   50
Pauly, Henry J., Coal......................................................    52
Pfister & Vogel Leather Co................................................    68
Phoenix Lumber Co..........................................................   62
Pierron, Louis, Stone-Ware..............................................   86
Pfetseh, Otto, Dyer.............................,.............................   56
Preusser<&Bro.,C., Jewelry,..........................................   74
Provident Savings Life Ins. Co.......................................   80
Raabe Engraving Co......................................................   76
Rich & Co., A. W., Dry Goods...................,......................  108
Rolfs Cigar Manufacturing Co.....................................-...   56
Roundy, Peckham&Co., Grocers....................................   78
Schraeger Henry, Merchant Tailor...................................   44
Schlitz Brewing Co..........................................................    64
Schlitz* Park.....................................................................   68
Schulz & Co., A. G., Paper Boxes......................................   44
Schwalbach, M., Tower Clocks.........................................   44
Shooting Park..................................................................   52
Silverstone. E., Merchant Tailor..............First Inside Cover.
8inger Sewing Machine....................................................   58
Smith, Jabez M., Confectionery..............~.......................   44
Smith, Thos. C, Harness..................................................   72
Sperling, A., Boots and Shoes..........................................   82
Strueder, Wm., Show Cases...............................................   52
Thiele, Henry, Carpets..............................~.....................   72
Tobin & Donnelly, Wines and Liquors.............................   48
Tcepfer & Sons, Wm., Maltkilns........................................   50
ToserCo., Hermann, Wines...............................................   44
Trostel, Albert, Tanner...'.................................................   56
Ullmann, 8., Printing Inks...............................................   58
Wallschlaeger «fc Co., Hardware.......................................    44
Wanko, E. H., Dentist...................................................   62
Weimer, Phil., Wines.............................. .....................    52
Werner, F„ Artists' Materials.......................................   48
Western Supply Co., a!l».................................................   80
Wisconsin Glass Company................................................    44
Wisconsin Marine & Fir© Insurance Co. Bankr................   86
Yunger, B.H., Ticket Broker..........................................* 78
Zahn&Co., H. Hi, Printers...........................................  107
Zander, F.. Livery.....................,..................................-..   44
Zinn. A. C, Maltster........................................................   80
Zwietusch, Otto, Soda Water Apparatus......................„   78
24th Saengerfest of the N.-A. Saengerbund,
From JULY 21st to 25th, 1886.
Held at ike Exposition Buildlim, 5th Street, between State and Cedar,
MILWAUKEE,' WIS.
EXPLANATORY.
IT ban been the aim, not only of the managers of the artistic portion of the festival, but also that of the organization entire, to give the occasion a different Htamp than which choral gatherings of this class have heretofore borne. It in recognized that art matterH as well as all other human undertakings must change and improve with the demands of an advancing time and taste.
That a large male chorus wan enrolled, that soloists of the very highest order (singers and instrumentalists) had been secured; that the orchestra will be more numerous than ever before; all this will be, perhaps, considered only natural and a result, to*), which every following festival will strive to exceed or -improve upon. For these attractions, therefore, no overdue recognition is requested, although it will be shown hereafter, that, also in this direction, extraordinary efforts have been made and a result obtained which far exceeds anything previously attempted and which prognosticates a grand and highly artistic success for the undertaking.
What is desired mainly, however, to be brought JjfCpre the American public is the more national character of the festival, the picture it affords of the progure of music in our common country, (-especially in the west,) and the advancement and spread of male chorus singing as now practiced everywhere by citizens of whatever race or extraction.   The following will explain the points put forth:
The Festival Committee had, over a year ago, advertised in this country and Europe, that a prize of $1,000 would be secured by the composer of the best cantata for male chorus under certain*limitations. This prize money was donated by one ofour liberal-minded citizens, Mr. John Plankinton, and was afterwards awarded to C. J. Brambach, of Bonn, Germany, (whose portrait appears on page 11), for his opus " Columbus," by a committee of three eminent musical authorities in this country: Dr. F. L. Ritter, of Vassar College, Mr. Louis Maas, of Boston, and Mr. Ernst Catenhusen, Festival Director, of Milwaukee. Many composers in our own country had sent in works in competition; yet, under the rules, the composition named,—it being of the highest musical merit,—was necessarily chosen. Although, then,^ the palm in this art-tourney has gone abroad, the impetus given by the Saengerfest management hasHnstigated our home composers to unusual efforts, and some of their works, originated under this influence, will, no doubt, hereafter grace our concert hails elsewhere and delight appreciative audiences.
Beyond this the management had issued a call upon native and naturalized composers of instrumental music for original compositions, which should be brought out at these concerts, if possible under their own direction.   To this call live artists have responded, andthey will severally conduct their works,, viz:
1.    Singer's Festival March (Saengerfestzug) for grand orchestra, by Frank von der Stucebn, (born in Texas, musically educated abroad, and now conductor of the "Arion", of New York.)
2.    "The Star," symphonic poem for orchestra by Dr. F. L. Ratter, (of Vassar College, N. Y.)
3.   "Overture and Hymn op Liberty, for orchestra and male^ehorus by^ Fred. Schoenfbld, (bora in Milwaukee, educated at Leipzig, and now conductor of several flinging societies in Chicago).
4.    Festival March, for grand orchestra, by Gustav Qach, (born in Milwaukee/ educated at Leip-zio, and now at New York.)
5.    Suite for grand orchestra, by Arthur Bird, (born in the U. S.t now living at Berlin.) -
This latter work is one of exceptional worth, having received very favorable criticisms by the highest musical authorities of the German capital. Mr. Bird was offered and has accepted the invitation of the committee on music, to come over and direct his work in person.
There will also appear at this festival, besides the societies singing in the German language, one of •our foremost native American male choruses, the " Arion Club" of this city, under the leadership of Mr. Wm. A. Tomlins, who is favorably and widely known as an expert master of chorus instruction. This club will sing several numbers, 100 male voices strong, in friendly competition with six or eight German-speaking societies of renown in this country. Mr. Tomlins lias also under training a children's chorus of 800 voices, which, with its three numbers, will lend additional interest to the festival.
Attention is particularly directed to the very strong ensemble e*f soloists and the grand chorus of this festival. The latter will comprise 2,500 male chorus voices of the '* Saengerbund," besides the local mixed •chorus of 1,000 voices. The orchestra will consist of 100 pieces under the tried leadership of Ernst Catenhusen, assisted by*Mr. A. Jacobsohn, (of the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music) as concert-master.
The Soloists are: Frl. Lilli Lehmann, Soprano; Miss Carrie Goldsticker, Soprano; Frl. Marianne Brandt, Contralto; Herr Joseph von Witt, Tenor: Mr. Albert Pau^et, Tenor; Mr. Joseph Benedict, bariton;  Herr Joseph JStaudigl, Bass;  Mr. Max Heinrich, Bass; Mr. Raphael Josefpy, Piano.
'FFICIAL Programme.
-j «ur«4'» g^-»-
OPENING   CONCERT.
Wrtlnmlay, July 21, at 8 1\ M.
I.   Jubel-Overlure, for Orchestra...................C. M. v. Weber
L   "An die KuiiHt*'   Mien new hor...................ft. Wagner
Rendered by the Milwaukee Festehor. Speeches awl other Ceremonies.
t.   Aria, "DieU.th.enre Halle," Tannhaeuser........R. Wagner
Frl. Marianne Brandt.
i.   Requiem.....................................................W. A. Mozart.
Frl. Mill Lehmann, Frl. Marianne Brnii<lt.
Messrs. Josef von Witt and Josef Htaudlgl.
Milwaukee Festehor, with Orchestral ami Organ
Accompaniment.
fib   Aria, "Abscbeulicher", Fldelio ........L. von Beethoven.
Frl. Lilli Ixdimann.
6»   March and Chorus, Tannhaenser.................H. Wagner.
Milwaukee Festehor.
THURSDAY MATINEE.
Thursdny, July 22.    Beginning at 2 30 /'. M.
1.    Overture "Oberon", for Orchestra   ......c M. v. Weber
2.    Chorus, "Wie kam die Liebe".........................M. Frel
Socialer Saengerchor, of St. IjouIk.   Musical Director,
Karl Fnellch.
8.    Aria, "Wo berg ich mlch", Kurynnthe     c. M. v. Weber
Herr Josef Htaudlgl.
4.   Ohorun, "MeinScbifflein treibt Inmitten." .(>. Bcschiiltt
Orpheus Mtenncrchor, of Chicago.
f>.    \&& Preludes, Symphonic Poem ...................F. Liszt
Orchestra.
fi.   Piano Solo, Concert No. 1 (K-flat).........         Fran;TLis/.t
Mt. Rafael JosefTy.   With Orchestral Accompaniment.
7.   Chorus..............*.......Orpheus Siengerbund, of St. Louis.
Oscar Schmoll, Director.
9.    Aria, "O mein Sohn"........................T...........Meyerbeer.
Miss Carrie Uoldsticker.
<>.    "Scengerfestzug"............ Festcomposition for Orchestra.
Directed by the Coimmscr, F. v. d. Stueken.
K».    •• Bildniss Aria," Magic Flute..................W. A. Mozart.
Mr. A. Paulet.
V     Chorus. "Mein"..................................V. ILertel
Licderkranz, of St. Louis.
12.   "The Star," Symphonic Poem, composed for the Sjenger-
fest, directed by the Composer, Dr. F. L. Hitter.
FIRST PRINCIPAL  CONCERT.
Thursday, July 22, at 8 P. M.
1.    Symphony, G Minor....................................W. A. Mozart.
2.    "In einem kuehleu Grunde"........................C. Glueck.
Mamnerchor of the North-American Srengerbund.
:i    Aria, "Bethcerte", Euryanthe.............C. M. v. Weber.
Frl. Marianne Brandt.
4.    Pilgerchor, Tannhaeuser................................R. Wagner
Msennerchor of the North-American Saengerbund. With Orchestral and Organ Accompaniments.
r».   "Liebeslied" and Duett, "Die Walkuere"......R. Wt
Frl. Lilli Lehmann, Herr Josef v. Witt.
*».   "Der Landsknecht", Cantata......................W. Taubert
Frl. Lilli Lehmann, Herr Josef v. Witt, Mr. A. Paulet Mr. J. Benedict, Mr. Max Heinrich, and the Male Chorus of the North-American Saengerbund
FRIDAY MATINEE.
Friday, July 23.    Beginning at 2:30 P. M.
"1.   Spanish Rhapsody, Orchestra................................Lain.
2.   Chorus,"Ruhe, schcenstesGlueek der Erde" F. Schubert. Orpheus Maennerchor, of Buffalo.
8.    Aria, "Der Kriegslust ergcbenM Jessonda..............Spohr.
Mr. Max Heinrich.
4.    Piano Solo, Hungarian Fantasia..................Franz Liszt.
Mr. Rafael Joseffy.   With Orchestral Accompaniment.
5.   'Chorus, •HJebet der Erde".............................A. Zoellner.
Benefelder Liederkranz. of Chicago.
6.    Aria, "Er Uommt nlcht zurueck" from "La Juive".....
..................................................................A. Halevy.
Miss Carrie Gold sticker.
7.    "BaTCostume?\ Orchestra................A. Rubinstein.
a, Waltz;   b, Polka-Galop.
8.'   Chorus, "Mignon".................................M. Nageler.
Cleveland Gesangx erein.
9.    Largo,  for Stringed Instruments, Orchestra an«
Organ..;.............................................F. Haendel.
10.    chorus. "Am Bexgatrom", Poem by Scherenberg,
Composed by.....................................«........E. Koellner.
Maenner-(}c8tt.ttgverein Eichenkranse, of New York.
11.    "Gottnei mir gnaedig", Paulas.................Mendelssohn.
Mr. Max ffeinrteb.
12.    Overture with Liberty-hymn, Festival Composition for
Orchestra and Male Chorus (the united singers of Chi-cago)   A. Sehoenfeld. Director and Composer.
SECOND PRINCIPAL CONCERT.
Friday, July 23, at 8 P. M.
1.* Symphony No. 2, Orchestra..........................Jos. Haydn
2.   'Est sjeht ein Baum lm Odenwald", Volkslied.   Coro-
jK>sed by...................................................Taubert-Erk
Mass-chorus of the North-American Saengerbund.
8    Aria, "Ach ich habesie verlossen", Orpheus.........Olnck
Frl. Marianne Brnndt. I.   "Elevation" for Organ and Orchestra.   Composed
bv........................................................F. Floersheim.
r>.    Aria from the Oratorio "Ellas"....................Mendelssohn.
^* Mr. Max Heinrich.
fi.   "Columbus", Prize Cantata.................C. Jos. Brambach.
Soli, Mass-chorus and Orchestra, Josef v. Witt, A. Paulet, S. Benedict, Josef Staudigl, and Male Mass-chorus of the North-American Saengerbund.
7.   Aria from the "Abduction from the Serail".........Mozart,
Frl. Lilli Lehman.
8    "Jung Siegfried"............................................H. Zoellner.
Mass Male-chorus of the North-American Saengerbund.
SATURDAY MATINEE.
Saturday, July 2h.   Beginning at 2:30 P. M. Festival  March,
Vaguer
I.    Festival March, Festival Composition, Orchestra
..............................................................Gustave Bach,
'2.   Children's Chorus...............Director. Wm. A. Tomlins.
.S.   Toreadorlied "Carmen"....................THi............G. Bizet.
Mr. J. Benedict. X/
4. chorus, a, "Lead, kindly Light", I* Buck; 6, "Three Fishermen", R. Goldbeck Arion Club, Milwaukee, Male-chorus>   Director, Wm. A. Tomlins.
ft    Scherzo, Orchestra...........................................Dvorak.
fi.   Children's Chorus................Director, Wm. A. Tomlins,
7.    Serenade, for Orchestra and Violin-solo...E. Catenhusen.
Violin-solo, Mr. E. Jacobsohn.
8.    Chorus, Arion andCecilianChoir; a,"Evening Hymn",
Rheinberger, Mixed Chorus; 6, Ladies' Chorus. Cecilian Choir; c, "Matona, Lovely Maiden". Lassino, Mixed Chorus.   Director, Wm. A. Tomlins.
9.    Aria, "O, du mein holder Abendstern".........R. Wagner.
Mr. Max Heinrich.
10.    Children's Chorus..................Director, Wm. A. Tomlins.
11.    "Bal Costume", Orchestra, A. Rubenstein ;  a, Russian ;
b, Polonaise.
12.    "Jauchzend erhebt sich die Schoepfung".........H. Mohr.
Chorus by the united singers of Chicago and Milwaukee.
Directed by the Composer.
ARTISTS' CONCERT.
Saturday, July 2U, at 8 P. M.
1.    Symphony No. 8...........................................in F. Major. '
L. v. Beethoven.
2.    Closing scene from "Goctferdaemmerung"......R. Wagner.
Frl. Marianne Brandt.
8.   Piano-concert No. 4, (D Minor)..................A. Rubinstein.
a, Moder-ato; 6, Moderate Assai; c, Allegro. Mr. Rafael Joseffy.   With Orchestral Accompaniment.
4.    Prologue and Isolde's death, "Tristan and Isolde",
.....................................................................R.Wagner.
Frl. Lilli Lehmann.
5.    "Suite", Orchestra...............................................A. Bird.
Directed by the Composer.
6.    Aria, "Liebe ist die holde Bluethe", "Faust"........Spohr.
Herr Josef Staudigl.
7.    Prize song, 4 • Meistersinger"............................R. Wagner.1
Herr Josef von Witt.
8.    First Finale, "Tannhaeuser"...........................R. Wagner.
J. von Witt, A. Paulet, Jos. Staudigl, J. Benedict and Max Heinrich.
9.    "Star Spangled Banner."
The Combined Soloists, the Mass Male-chorus of the North-Am,eT7tcan Saengerbund, Orchestra and Organ-The first verse by the Soloists, the second and third* by the Soloists and Chorus.
General Admission, $1.00.— Reserved Seats for either Matinees or Evenings. $1.50, 82.00 and $2.50, according to location.   Tiekets can bo obtained at Ho Mason St , or at the ticket office at the Exposition Building.
A Grand Plc-Xlc, in which nil visiting and local societies will participate, takes place Sunday afternoon, July 25, at the National Park, on National Avenue.    Admission 2* cents.
An Excursion to tlto Df»lln of tlio Wisconsin Rlror,  under the auspices of the Turnverein "Milwaukee", will take place on Monday, July '&.    I.erne Milwaukee on the Morning of the 26th at 7:30, returning at 11:80 P. M. of the wraeday.    Tickets for the Round Trip. $4 on, *r<>od for two .lay* lnngi       -      «•          ...              .       ....
Mason fit , or >\i any of the Headquarters of the Singing Sorb'tie*
nger <?n oil -regular trains, ran be obtained at 110
COMMITTEES CONDUCTING THE SiEN&ERFEST.
Centr*U Committee.
Henry M   Mendel, Prea, Frank It. Falk, Vice Pres. '.ustuv Kyaaen. K'ee Spc'y. A   C. Zinh. Financial Sec'y. Ktnil Wallher, TrciiHtiriT Win. Bieraaeh llenrv C Se bra nek. hilhiH Coldaehmldt, < hriat. Paulua, G   Koeppen, I'a nl Bee ht nor, GuidoJ   Hansen, A   Bieraaeh, F. Schmidt, A   li  GeUfuwa, Hermann Nigel.
The members of the Central Commit too also constitute the Feat ha I Committee
Finnan
Committee of the Central ('ommittee.
A   B  Geiliuaa. Frank R   Kalk. .1   A    Berber Wm   Kohlnng. GuidoJ   Hansen. Km it Wall her. c   A   Meisane:
Committer on Mu*u\ Henry M. Mendel, (.'ha|rmaji< KnW,.-«.W,h«™. {#{*&, c. Kyaaen, Secretary. Moritz Doerr. lulius Gugler. A. C. Zinn. Wm.  Bieraaeh. Henry C. Sehranck. .Mola G. Bodden. <>lto Albrceht. ChttH. kohlnng.
Finance Committee, of Festival Committer. Frank R. Falk, Chairman.
B.  W. Hfthn, Recording Sec'y. A. B. OeilfusH, Financial Sec'y. John E. Ilunwn,
Jacob R. Kinder. Wm. Rohlllng.
Reception Committee. Kmil Wallber* Chairman. Umin Kindling, 2nd Chairm. <>. it. Plepei*, Hecretary. (J. W. Grossenbach. J it Una E. Roehr. Oswald Clbrieht.
C.  W. Paul. Moritz Hchroeter. Richard Lnhse. Henry Sehinz. Joseph HofTmann. Chaw, Laverrenz. Win. Kurzstieh. II. Harniachfeger. Val. Paulua. John Meinko.
G. W   I,  Kassuha. Wm. Gran John Barth. Kvvald C   Bnacher. Adoiph Goldstein. Win. Marnit/. •HeoCpJ&ndclH. CJ*na   BiiHHey. fiiehard Klau. H. L. HinrieUaen. Robert Riea. Oscar (liinz. Paul Wetzel. L. Rohde. L. Bieraaeh.
Committee  on,  Lo*lt/inf/. H. C. Sehranck, Chairman. Wm. Mayworm, Correap. Hec'y F. E. Geilfuss, Roo. Sec'y. Andrew F. Greulieh.
John L, Bartete. Otto Oallun. Henry Doerfner. H. C Angel. G. Hchweiser. Aug. v. Trott. A stlrn. P. Knlow. H. Hpengler. F. Kami." J. F. T. Knebel. O. A. Thiele. O. Albrecht. C. Paeschke. P. L. Dottmen. P  Barth II.-4Veber.
Committer, oh Hall. Julius Goldschmidt, Cbalr'n. I). Heoht, decretory. Sebastian Brandt. Win.. Pilger. JnliiiH Wagner. Henry fluentr!n. Frit/ Velgnth.
Fic-NU> Committee. Chriatoph Paulua, Cbairmrn. F. Kasten, Hecretary. H. L. Bode, Treasurer. Otto Laverrenz. Wm. <«euder Anton Aamuth. Theo. 8chwei/er. A. C. Ribbe. Arthur Knehn. John A. Suetterle. George P. Traenmer. F. B. Huchting. Hermann Preuaaer. Koland Quentin. A. <:. Blatz.
Pre.Hn ('ommittee George Koeppen, Chairman. H. M. Bender, Secretary.
Hermann Sigel. X>r. Leo Stem. JnliuH Gugler. 0r. E. A. KnoUer. C. F. Bauer. P. V» Deuater. C. H. Boppo.    • Conrad Kre». Anton Thormaehlen. W. Fefakont 8. Kander. Karl Lndlotr.
Committee on Fritittnff. Pats I Beehtnir, Chairman. L. A. Louia, Correap. Sec'y. Guatav L. Engelke, Ree. 8ee'y. Pan I Zinkelsen.
E.  L. Bleyer. Edgar W. Coleman. Jacob H. Newman.
Committee, on TranxporUitUm and Railroad*. Guido J. Hansen. Chairman. Anton Aanrnth, Secretary. Lou to Auer. Oscar Mohr.
Committee on Musk for Reception
and Pic-Nic. M August Bleraach, Chairman. Henry Eskuche, Secretary. G. Holstein. H. Rendenbaeh. JuliiiN Vogt.
Committee on Decorations.
F.  Schmidt, Chairman. Hugo Scbroeder. Secretary. Henry Van Ewyk. Caspar Hennecke
Peter Traeumer. F. Velgnth. Louis D. Biersach. Chas. Baumgarten
HEADQUARTERS OP PARTICIPATING SOCIETIES.
Name <>f Society.
l.Kicheukrauz...............
2;OrpheuH Kaengort>un<l  ..
:'.JGermania           "
4!Ja<;ger
ft, A polio CieRang-Verein ....
a'Rock Spring Haengerb. .
7!Socinler Saengerchor  ..
H1 Liederkranz...................
O'Teutonia Gesang-Verein.. 10'W. 8t. r^ouia Lied<:rkran/.| 11 Haengerbund H. Soehno Pj'N. Ht. LoniH Bundeachor.
1H Rheiniacher Frohainn......
14 nrui<len Maennerchor.....
lolFreier Maennerchor . . . It; Geaangverein Teutonia.;. 17 Liederkranz Eintracht .. lK.Geaangverein Frohainn  ,
lyiSchiller Liedertafel......
2ok»ermania Maennerchor., 21 '.Hehweizer Maennerchor
2'2i Fidelia.............
mU >rT)hena Maennerchor.. 2<|';Sennofolder Uederkrauz, 2r)|Harmoiiia Maennerehor
2«'» Sehmoll Maennerchor  .
J7'N. Chicago I.icderkranz
js Liedertafel  Vorwaei la
¦».) Tentoniu Maeun<%rchor '. Freier Kaongorbnnd   .
j;l Chicago Saengerhund
;>!.» Concordia Maennerehor
:;•.•. Arion Cesangaootion.
:;\ V   Biiffaio Maennerchor
;. I»ent«»eh"er Saengert'iuid
u; Ki< ln»nkran/. 7 < Irpheii*
>  ! in|« rtuf.-l
;••  \rl"?i <<« «aiiu\'>r. in
i., i. iiiiUnio • «•  i
i!  Mmi-iiim r« li<-r
<ity.
\v    .3   |
j-5   -r       Quartera.
St. Louia
40 27 85 25 2H 40
Erie, Pa..........jl2
Chicago.........;27
. -40 ,.il2 .. 19 ..:H5| ..'HI ..! i0|
jWheeling Buffalo
Sen   Yo Bnf}al<».
i       I    Lieder-[ t)r- I kran/hall f^.'l       2f)H j     | J a. Street.
20{385 7. St. )     I)   Milwau-U2fti '-keeGarden J 25: ) 1402 State. I I as i   187 Reed / 17! f    Street. !409Cheatnut 28,521 S. Ht. )     ; i  C. Blech, f     I fSPJ   II. Ht. '16| 1 Freie G<i-meinde Halle 262—2H4 4th St. L. Bld'g. » Ca'no Hall * f 7. & State.
! | Y. M. <'. A.
UMCheHtn ut \\ R. bertCh. ...I          '-I'oat Hall,
;«)] I an j   2'JK t. St. i
I Franz Ba-•    <ler. 800 I. > ^eet
Name of Society.
hi
20' P.
, )
. 24! '
21! I
21!) :tn,) in!    ¦.
,.i
l'hil««lel|.hJii V lmtrn. v   V
Wwnrlj
) c|*b H'se. -   Sehlit// 4      Park. St Ch Hotel
I Walnut St.
Hall. i    ^'hlit/.' !       I'ark
J unger Macnner<*.hor .
Harmonic..................
Maennerehor.....
Llcftertafcl.....................
Maennerchor.................
Caecilia Maennerchor.. ..
Maennerchor............
Maennerehor........
Maennerchor.....;.....
Saengerbund..............
Liederkran/.............
Odd Fellow Saeugerehor.
Harmonic...............
Orpheua..........................
Harmonic..................
Maennerchor..................
Vereinigte Saenger..........
Frohainn.......................
Gesangverein..................
Harugari Maennerchor....
Liederkran/...................
Liederkranz.....................
Maennerchor..................
Saengerbund...................
Arion.............................
Liederkranz...............«...
Maennerchor..................
Maennerchor.......„.....„„.
Saengerbund........„.........
Germania.......................
Harmonie................
Soeialer Maennerchor.....
R. Blum Maennerchor.....
Druiden Saengerchor......
Sehweizer Maennerchor..
A. P. A. Maennerchor......
Germania.......................j
Bruder-Bund.................;;
tleitfhta Maennerchor.....j
Sehwaebiacher Saengerb.! Good Fellow Saengerch. >f \if^kveretn         :.....^„....
Louiaville . . Indianapolis, Madison, Wis.. 'Jeffersonville Ripon. Wis.... Minneteptfjlis.. iLouisvflie . |Allegheny.... Cincinnati.
Wheeling.....
Tiffin, Ohio....
Cleveland.....
Buffalo..........
Cincinnati...
265 W. W.
Street. 157 W  W
Street. 228 Farwell 292 W W. St. D.M.V. Hall 282 E. W St. 94 Mason St. 244 W. W. St. 1526 Chert nut 420 Chestnut 275 Lake St 27Juneau av 25Juneau av 730 Prairie «   166 Reed i    Street. 166 Reed St. D. M. V.
Hall.
?EI|e &.rt of Singing att6 ittusir in America.
HISTORICAL SKETCH
— by -
KFGENE LUENTNG,
Honorary Member mid formerly f'omluctor of \hv Milwaukee MiiHlcal Hoelety.
IT is scarcely necessary to observe, that the history of music and song in America cannot be exhaustively treated in the limits of the space at our disposal.
An outline — a sketch — is all that can be presented to the reader, and in the construction of a sketch even the material at hand should be"* both abundant and of an interesting nature; not only are these recjuisitessuffieieriCiyN present for the purpose, but, furthermore, a narrative of the experiences and vicissitudes and triumphs of the art of music in thw country will embody much that is instructive and entertaining, not to say amusing.
The church has at all times and in all countries first give shelter to the "tuneful muse", and in the modest "meeting-houses" erected by the Pilgrim Fathers who landed upon our shores in the 17th century, were intoned the first melodies chanted in praise of the Almighty in America. It is sad to reflect, however, that the music rendered in the churches of that time did not tend to promote harmonious feelings amongst the staid members of the congregations; their untrained vocal organs, with their utter lack of any knowledge of the laws of music, combined to produce such chaotic discordances of pound, that it often proved a most perplexing problem to arrive at any conclusion as to which hymn the devout worshippers were energetically endeavoring to "sing."—-It excites a smile to read in the chronicles of those days the repeated injunctions of a few ministers whose musical culture, slight as it must liave been, made them sensitive of the shortcomings of congregation and choir and leaders, that "to send to the iieavens above such miserable howlings could not by any stretch of the imagination be considered praising the Lord,"—giving abundant evidence of the reckless manner in which our revered forefathers devastated the sublime realms of music! The following propositions by the Rev. John Cotton, a divine very highly respected at that time, will more fully illustrate this :
"Whether you do believe that singing in the worship of God ought to be done skilfully. Whether you do believe that skilfullness in singing may ordinarily be gained in the use of outwards means by the blessing of God.
Is it possible for Fathers of forty years old and upward to learn to sing by rule, and ought they attempt at this age to learn ?
Do you believe that it is Lawful and Laudable for us to change the customary way of singing the Psalms °
w hether t hey who purposely sing any tune different from that which is appointed by the pastor, or «lder to be sung, are not guilty of acting disord^ly, and of taking God'a name in vain also, by disturbing the order of the sanctuary."
That these exhortations did not prove very efficacious, is evident from the fact that it became necessary for the Reverend Symmea (1728) to expostulate with his flock as follows: "The beauty and harmony of ringing consist* very much in a just timing and turning the notes, every singer  keeping the exact pitch
C   JOS. BRAMBAOH.
12
Caspar & ZahvCh &engbbfjbst Souvbnik an© Guide.
the tune is set in, according to the part he sings. Now you remember that in our congregation we u?ed' frequently to have some people singing a note or two, after the rest had done. And you commWiy not strike the notes together, but one after another, one being half way through the fecond note before his neighbor has done with the first"—etc.
As a matter of course, the interest manifested by the clergy in church-music gradually extended among the more musically inclined members of their congregations. Of these, William Billings may be mentioned as of especial prominence. He was, in fact, the first composer this country has produced. Billings was born October 7, 1764, at Boston, and it was the desire of his parents that he learn the tanner's trade; their wish was gratified, and he followed this honorable calling through life. But in spite of the cares of business, music always exerted a great influence over him, yet, having never known any other music than the singing of the Psalms in the church he attended, his efforts in composition appear simply to have been endeavors to copy, or if possible, to excel these. ' Ruled music-paper was an unthought of luxury in those days, and Billings jotted down his musical inspirations on convenient pieces of leather, with chalk. As he was the happy possessor of a tremendously powerful voice, it was an easy matter for him to bring his Psalms " before the public." The first attempt was made in his own church, and his Psalms were accorded a very favorable reception. Encouraged by his success, he concluded to print them. The unfortunate result was, that the " compositions " of Billings became altogether too widely known. He was overwhelmed with praise, and heralded as America's own great musical genius. But the " music " composed by this staid New England tanner must be heard to be appreciated ! In his " Music in America'" the well-known author Hitter prints a specimen of it, which proves it to have possessed melody of the most tiresome and ordinary character, with impossible harmony, placing beyond question the " composer's"" profound ignorance of the most rudimentary principles of music. Nevertheless, this first of all Yankee composers did not himself have a particularly ^>oor opinion of his own abilities, as & evidenced by (he following passage taken from the preface to his collection of Psalms :
" For my own part, as I don't think myself confined to any rules for composition laid down by any that went bejore me, neither should I think (were I to pretend to put down rules) that any who comes after me were any ways obligated to adhere to them any further than they should think proper : so in fact I think it is best for every composer to be his own learner. Therefore, upon this consideration, for me to* dictate, or pretend to prescribe rules of this nature for others, would faot onr> be very unnecessary but also a great piece of vanity,"
Ten years later Billings published a second edition of his Psalm-Tunes, an^ in doing $o he himself admits that the first collection was of no great worth,—that at that time he did not have a true understanding of the art of composing,—but that the present edition contained his best efforts. This candid admission created a favorable impression upon the public, and our musical tanner's new publication found a ready sale. The great improvement of the second over the first edition of his book, is, however, undis-cernable to mortals of the present day.
The Revolution tended to lead the musical predilections of our composer into a new direction. Pie composed tunes of a warlike character, and, judging from reports handed down from those times, the effect they produced was very considerable.   In regard to them a chronicler of that period says:
" One secret, no doubt of the vast popularity Billings' works obtained was the patriotic^ardor they breathed ; and his tune * Chester,' it is said, was frequently heard from every fife in the New England ranks. The spirit of revolution was also manifest in his ' Lamentation over Boston,' his * Retrospect,'etc."' Although it would be unjust to deny that any good results followed the labors of Billings, yet it must be said that all his productions are too much permeated by the spirit of amateurism to entitle his work to-receive serious consideration. It seems that personally he had a very high opinion of his abilities. This extended notice of America's first composer may be justified for the reason, that even to this day he can be looked upon in a degree as a prototype of his class. It is a curious circumstance, that to-day, after the lapse of over one hundred years, self-made men in art of the same stamp achieve and retain prominence equal to that which was accorded William Billings. And it is furthermore remarkable, that they also in the manner of their production, their unique and naive expressions, so greatly resemble the man they pattern after, that William Billings may in particular be justly designated as the prototype of artistic Yankeedom.
The period now succeeding in the History of Music of our country possesses little that is of interest. Inspired by the example set by Billings, scores of others "tried their hands at the m-me game". If many of these were greatly the superiors in talen of their co-laborers i® the same field, yet it is none the less quite impossible to truthfully assert that any refining influence was exerted upon the musical taste of the public at large. For this reason the period now.spoken of may be considered as the most unfruitful from a musical point of view. A good understanding of and taste for music was never cultivated by the manner in which it wa« rendered in churches exclusively — the founding of singing societies gave the first impetus to this desirable result
The First Singing Society in America.
ia
Before going any further, it must be remarked that not the German element is to be credited with tfefc first successful establishment of Singing and Oratorio Societies—as is frequently but wrongly ItelS to fee the case—, but, on the contrary, this honor is due to the native Americans, as will b© seen subsequently. It will also become apparent that only after music was emancipated from the narrow boundaries of Psalmody, and the presentation of Oratorios became more frequent and popular, that an actual progress in regard to mtiHiciil culture in this country became noticeable.
The distinction of having been the first city in the Union which prominently made earnest efforts to bring the art of singing upon a higher plane, unquestionably belongs to Boston. Even before the beginning of the present century concerts were given in that city, which marked a new epoch by the not altogether ecclesiastical character of their programmes. In honor of a visit of Geofrge Washington a concert of this nature was given October 27, 1789. The effect produced .upon the audience has not been reported.—It may )>«• remarked, by the way, that less important attempts in the same direction were made in New York at about the same time.
The founding of the " Haendel and Haydn Society", in Boston, is the first event of any consequence which is to be recorded, and it is proper that more than a passing glance be given its history. A number of gentlemen having publicly called attention to the necessity of the formation'of an association, whose object it would be to foster and cultivate the songs of the German master, at the same time inviting ail
Schlitz's Park, Walnut St.,'between 8th and Oth.
lovers of music possessed of the necessary qualifications to join in so laudable a purpose, the society was organized April 20, 1815. Its first officers were : Thomas R. Webb, President; Amasa Winchester, Vice-President; Nathaniel Tucker, Treasurer; Matthew S. Parker, Secretary. The first concert was given on Christmas-day of the same year. The first part of Haydn's " Creation," and several choruses by Haendel constituted the programme. Certainly a good and most promising beginning. The concert created a very favorable impression, and the artistic and pecuniary success which had been achieved inspired the projectors and participants to greater attempts. " The enthusiasm of the audience was without parallel," says a writer of that day, and the society was lauded as " the musical wonder of the time." The president of the society was at the same time its musical director; and even now his labors must be thankfully appreciated, for it will be shown that the founding of the " Hamdel and Haydn Society" exerted a great influence upon the progress of music in other Eastern citie* such as New York, Philadelphia, etc. A few lovers of music in New York, incited thereto, possibly, by Boston's success, determined upon calling into life a similar organization, and thus the " New York Choral$ociety" was founded in 1823. It is not intended to ronvpy the impression, however, that before this, music had been entirely neglected in. the latter city, fur. at leant a eentiirv anterior to the period of which we write, plenty of *' music" consisting of the mon-ntorioux "sin^iiig'* of drowsy and tedious Psalms could be heard here  as wall as in Boston.    But genuine
Gabcia's Italian Opera Company.
i&
singing, by good choirs, such as many churches of Europe had possessed for at least two centuries, w*& not to be found anywhere. In its artistic aspects this country resembled its own vast and apparently im-penetrable wild-woods, and for clearing the way to a better perception and understanding of the divine art of .music our grateftil praise is due to such pioneers as the Hamdel and Haydn Society.—The New York Choral society earnestly endeavored to follow the good example set by its elder sister, and, in 1824, it* first concert was given,,em bracing on the programme no less than ten numbers by Hiender, one each by Jomelh, Mozart, Kent, and—Beethoven. This was the first concert in America in which the strains of Beethoven's music were heard.—A peculiar circumstance happening in the same year on the Occasion of a concert, illuRtrated what up to this day has remained one of the most prominent characteristics of the American people, namely its would-be saintiiness and tendency to dissimulate. The programme was the most varied possible, embracing Cornet, French Horn, Harp*Soprano, Alto, Tenor, and Bass solos, and in addition thereto lively Duetts and—Church Music ! Beside all this, however, in order to preserve the "odor of sanctity," a certain Rev. Suramerfield had been engaged to open the " exercises" with an *' impressive M prayer. For some unexplained reason the Reverend gentleman did not make his appearance, "to the great disappointment of several ladies and gentlemen," the next morning's paper said, " who attended the concert for the express purpose alone of hearing the excellent and sublime oratory of the learned doctor."    Ft may lie so, but it's doubtful.
Singing societies of every description now sprang into existence rather too rapidly, with the result that the one frequently proved fatal to the life of the other. It would exceed the limits of this sketch to even attempt to enumerate the names of the many cities that emulated the example set by Boston and New York. Chorus singing had become fashionable, and " society " became its ardent devotee. Only the (ierman element was backward in uniting for the purpose of cultivating German chorus singing, at least, during the period here spoken of—about 1815—20, at all events, every effort made by the-writer to discover any evidences to the contrary has proven futile.
In tho meantime, Opera had begun to advance to a more elevated position. It is scarcely necessary to observe, that many efforts had long previously been made in this direction also, or perhaps it would be better to say that these efforts consisted in the attempts to import operatic material from England, France, and Italy. The depraved taste of the patrons of opera, however, was the cause of invariable ill-success,, and as the church-going element severely refrained from attending these operatic performances, thereby bringing opera into ill-repute, the "appreciative listeners" were composed entirely of the very lowest classes of people, and to act and sing for the amusement of such audiences would be, according to the opinions prevalent in our days (?) but the sorriest variety business. How much more eesthetical our tastes are!    Only the Good and the Pure can interest and amuse us!    Difficile est saliram non scribere*
In the year 1825 the first and at the same time brilliantly successful attempt to introduce Italian music in America was made. Regarding the soloists, the assertion may safely be made, that never again, from that day to this, has such a company of genuine artists landed upon the shores of America. Manuel Garcia—renowned as a singer «,i»u probably still more as a teacher of vocal music—brought the company to New York. It consisted of Crivelli, Tenor; Manuel Garcia and Angrisani, Bassos; Rasich, Basso-Buffo; Mad. Barbiefi, Mad. Garcia, Sopranos, and—last but not least—Marietta Garcia, the celebrated Malibran of later days. Contemporaneous reports inform us that the initiatory performance of this select company created an almost indescribable enthusiasm, Marietta Gracia in particular being accorded lavish praise. Now of course Italian opera is judged differently. Modern audiences seem to appreciate quantity more than quality. To-day, nobody cares to enjoy artistic singing or to be gratified by the mere beauty of a voice,—greater exactions are made : we wish to be dramatically spellbound, to be surprised by properly interposed vocal pyrotechnics. We care less for emotional than we do forintellectual satisfaction. But to return from fcnis digression.—Although the attendance at Garcia's opera was very large, yet in the end the receipts were not sufficient to cover the expenditures, and before a great while Garcia was nearly bankrupted. He left Mew York and shortly thereafter America. An English opera troupe which gave performances in New York at about the same time, had a similar experience. The reasons for the rapid waning of the enthusiasm at first manifested for the imported opera company, is given as follows by a writer of that day :
"The fact is, our national character is so strongly marked with the love of novelty and singularity, that, like the men of Athens, we are perpetually in search of something new. On the continent of Europe the most enthusiastic audiences are musical ; for tuition in music must precede full enjoyment. That taste which i.s foundei) upon knowledge and scwes never forsakes its possessor, but rather, on the other hand, i* continually adding to his sources of enjoyment by new discoveries made, and new ideas imported." These are golden words—every one of them "hitting the nail squarely on the head ", and worthy of being perpetuated on golden tablets in evary concert-room and opera-house, but more particularly in every rchear«al-hnll of our singing societies. For these expressions areas true to-day as they were then, and will remain s<> until tin* American people thoroughly understand that only then can art be genuinely appriM'inted, when bv indurt riouw, honest study an adequate perception ©f art has been attained.
10
Caspar & Zahn's SjENGerfest Souvenir and Guide.
It may here be proper to refer in a few words to the condition of orchestral music at this period (1828), in the proper place giving due consideration to the men through whose labors this important branch of music was brought to a higher degree of perfection.                                                             *
The organization of an orchestra involving great artistic and pecuniary requirements, it ia quite natural that a developing country will make its first musical attempts in the field of song, satisfactory results being therein the most readily attainable. Thus it was that op to 80 years ago the few orebestras this country possessed, were of the most primitive description. A correspondent of the "Geciiia^, a journal devoted to music, writes to that paper in 1838, that in none of the opera-orchestras of New York could either a bassoon, hautboy, trumpet or a kettle-drum be found. His opinion of the work of the orchestras is also not a high one, and still less flattering is his estimation of the public's taste. He observes, that a minstrel-show or circus will meet with greater appreciation, than the best music of an opera. About 1880 the first orchestral society was formal in New York. It was named the " Euterpean ", and consisted principally of professional musicians. The renowned "Philharmonic Society" of the present day was evolved from the " Euterpean ".
German singing societies, although all of but small membership, already existed in New York and Philadelphia at the beginning of this century, but rather lacked the assurance to venture before the public; through the constant increase by immigration, however, the influence of the Germans was augmented with their numbers, and singing societies were founded by them in every city of the Union. Good, fresh material was at their disposal at every hand, for the love of song inherent in the German seemed to manifest itself even in a greater degree when far from his native land than when at home.
The records of the German North-American Siengerbund inform us, that even as early as 1840, the German singing societies of Philadelphia and Baltimore inaugurated arrangements for the furtherance of friendly intercourse between themselves," albeit this was limited to a mutual interchange of visits, giving occasion for social festivities in which the citizens took part, yet a properly constituted organization did not exist, and these social gatherings cannot, therefore, be dignified by the term " Ssengerfests ". In 1846, 1847 and 1848, festivals of the former description took place at Cincinnati. The " Euterpean" orchestral society in New York included among its active members a large number of Germans. This was the first large orchestra, and its performances were of a very high order. It would almost seem, as though the evanescent success of Garcia's opera and various concert enterprises of peripatetic " stars" had induced an influx^of numerous German musicians, for, from this time forward, the German element becomes noticeable at every turning.                                                                              _^~«^
Honore were thrust upon the German musicians, in fact, there was imminent danger that the native Americans be expelled by them from the ground the latter had held so long. The following episode may may serve to illustrate this : After the dissolution of the " Euterpean ", N. C. Hill,—who was an asdent music-lover if not himself a musician,—founded the Philharmonic Society in 1842. This was less the formation of anew society than the re-construction of the "Euterpean", for we find almost the same active participants in both. The Germans soon found means to bring the management of the society into their own hands. They made use of the power they possessed, and all endeavors to place the works of American composers upon the programmes were frustrated. Aside from this however, hardly any composition by either English or French, and very few by Italian composers of note were admitted.
The programme of the first concert was made up as follows : Beethoven, Weber, Hummel, Weber, Rossini, Beethoven, Mozart and Kalliwoda; the second : Beethoven, Bellini, Romberg, Rossini, Hummel, Weber ; the subsequent ones: Beethoven, Haydn, Mendelssohn, Beethoven, Spohr, Weber, Beethoven, Mozart, Mozart, Hummel, etc. This formidable list shows that the Germans in America were more germanic than the Germans in Germany. - That ill-feelings was engendered, is self-evident, and a revolt among the American members of the orchestra was one of the consequences; furthermore, the American papers vehemently attacked the stand taken by the teutonic " Philharmonics". Foremost among the champions for the rights of American composers we find the "Tribune's" critic, Mr. Fry, of whom it is said that he himself aspired to be known as a composer. Allowing his ardor to run into his pen, Mr. Fry wrote :
" It is very bad taste, to say the least, for men to bite the hands that feed them. It all their artistic affections are unalterably German, let them pack back to Germany, and enjoy the police and bayonets and aristocratic kicks and cuffs of that land, where an artist is a serf to a nobleman, as the history of all (?) their great composers shows. America has made the political revolution which illumines the world, while Germany is still beshrouded with a pall of feudal darkness. While America has bean thus far able to do the chief things for the dignity of man, forsooth she must be denied tbie brains for original art, and must stand like a beggar, cap in hand, when she corner to compete with the ability of any dirty German village."
This is rather vigorous language, but, impartially considered, it must be admitted that it contains a modicum of truth. In art as well as in life it is absolutely necessary to make all needful concessions to that land, which offers a guarantee of assistance to the needy and of freedom to the oppressed. It is the duty of the German musician not alone to criticise the errors which may be committed in his adopted
3*iiiu>iM)itK   Thomas.                                                                           \f
counti.v, hm also t«> lender Iiih unqualitijd support in word and deed, to the end that flitch error* may be rectified lie dare and must not be clannish, nor consider with scorn any endeavors to built tip American art, for not one in adoy.ru can confront such demeanor with patience.
(^ iti;in~n native of Mecklenburg, Oermany - can he named here a* a model in this regard* for w'iih rare wisdom he selected the proper couise to pursue. The services he has rendered the Art of Music in Aiuerien can never he obliterated. Thin man is Thkoinikk Tiiom \n. Not only, however, us his name known and honored in musical circles -he in, in fact, one of the most popular men of the day. From \'<rth to South, or Kant to West, in every cit\, town, 01 hamlet, wherever one may go, Theodore Thorna* i- known It almost passes comprehension thai in one of the most mattcr-oMact countries on the globe a \<»tary of the art of music should attain such boundless popularitv. extending thioughout the masses, to* e\erv one of high <»r low degree. But he is firmly ent limned in the heart.*) of the American people, and tli tt he has accomplished this simply as a <'onJu<tor of an cr, iiAh.i \\\ all probability will find no parallel' in the histoid of ytusie. A Hans Uiehter, v»>n Buelow, Keiuecke, Dej«tnT, — whoever may be named of the (rreat conductors oi (icrmanv, all are well-known, but only in circles specifically interested in music. It cannot be said that popularity in the line sense of the word has been attained by any of them. Assuming the risk of meeting with strenuous opposition, we venture to assort ; that the history of music it* A'neina t>      ' heodx»e rhttnni\.   The time cannot he far distant, when thin will also be historically conceded.
In the uo?k of (;   Kittei, of which  mention  has  heretofore  been   made, Thomas in  particular has been  \er\   -npeiliciallvOrcated ;   for  what   reas >n is  an unfathomable mvsterv.    To this neglect, indeed,,
Nation u, Pvkk, (Joknkr National \ni> W \suin<;ton Aves.
may be ascribed the extended notice which has been given to the more modern phases of America's history of music as personified in Theodore Thomas, compelling us to pass without remark mail) interesting occurrences transpiring during the past thirty years, ft is occasionally necessary t<> correct the wrong done by one transgression by committing another.—Thomas is a German musician, who has been thoroughly ao~ elimaticiscd lie comprehended the problem before him, witn dauntless courage proceeded to solve it, and hriUinutlv mastered it:—to elevate the taste, develope a true sense of the beautiful and to support alt worlhv artistic aspirations of a speciiieall v American character.
I he laid v established American opera is but a natural couMcqucnci of his musical career. Xliat he may n.eet, with full success in his arduous undertaking, must be the sincere wish of all who earnestly desire the advam oinent of American art. U \- unquestionable, that art can only prosper under a stable, ateady . ondition of things; imported art ists, win <e sole object in visiting our hind in to lino their purses with ir beautif» cartwheel dollars, an never exert a lusting influence upon Americtn at-, not even then. when the importe j iitist is woi id-renowned. * rt must take root am grow, and - . her strength anil hi ar (rtiit upon out #»rew soil, The best endeav rs of Thomas are put lorth to reach thin end. Talent* of the hi^heMt m vr are jiecess . rv for it** accomplishment, and whet her he possesses them is a question il        fnei't  |..r lis t o i n\ c^t itrate
One impoitatit fa<ultv he undoubted 1 v has;   an car f«»r music approaching the marvelous.     Uteno \ rehearsal I •   i-conducting   and von will find that.  m> matter whether he  has sixty or three timea sixty
i,.....^« iu> 5,      ,r'..n..l   him.   umI    i   rfinule  impmpii   tone   will   escape  his  •wiMtivP  ear;  he  IS capable of
(?4
Thk North-Amkkican Sjbnubrbiind.
W
instantly detecting any err<>r made in fingering or lowing, or the imperfect execution of a phrase by the second player at the farthest stand among thirty first violins. His temperament is not a gentle one,—-inattentive players he admonishes in thunder-tones, and it is well that thin should lie so, for in art afe in nature the atmosphere is purified hy a timely thunderstorm. Technieal accuracy is usually the (Irst object he haw in view, for contrary to the ideas of most conductors, he does not believe that mere nintbleneaa in execution is alone desirable I i in next consideration is placed upon the greatest possible minuteness 0/ xhadtvg. T'.is peculiar feature forma an hit gral element in the effectiveness of an orchestra when conducted by Thomas, for he possesses an innate antipathy to everything even approaching coarseness or rudeness and, therefore, he achieves results in regard to mellowness and beauty of tone— particularly with the brasses—which are of unsurpassable excellence. A strident trombone, or over-loud ham, which through the iil-couBidered zeal of the performers bo often make themselves heard in very good orchestras, are never found in Ii'ih. !.c«h sensitive conductors,--those who prefer a very strong to a alight accentuation—may, perhaps produce ientf>t*iaiv impressions of a more intense nature.—Thomas is undoubtedly more a conductor of the classical, than of the modern school ; this does not imply, however, that classical works are unduly his favorites in the construction of hi« programmes, on the contrary, he is one of the fore moat champions of the modern masters Wagner and Brahms     But his reading of every composition is classical
in that sense of the term as applied by the Gfoeeks, whose guiding principle "Truth within theboundaries of beauty" ev'er unconsciously actuatei^iitm ; the more modern "Truth at any price* he repudiates. It has been stated that Thomas is " unconsciously " a classical conductor. He is nothing less than a philosopher who jtiHtifieTto his intellect the manifestations of his will. That he is the apostle of pure, musical beauty ia a sequence of his profound convictions. Regarding tempo and color, he haa ever been his own monitor. We pupils of German schools of music have often earnestly, if inaudibly differed with him, when he makes use of methods ao contrary to the ones we have been taught. But who can demand that he follow a course prescribed by others? Of all musicians in America, he may, with justifiable pride, exclaim : "I am what I am, and set my own example." Although the foregoing may not suffice to exhaustively portray this distinguished artist, for that must be the duty of the just historian of the art of music, yet it may possibly serve to convince the reader, that a land which accords so high a position to a musician who is neither virtuoso nor compoBcr, but il simply " a conductor, as that at present occupied by Theodore Thomas, thereby bears unimpeachable testimony in its own behalf that it is thoroughly capable of appreciating the great influence that masterly rendered music has in promoting culture and refinement. Albeit this at present may but be inBtinctive, yet from this very instinct in the not far distant future a splendid understanding most assuredly will be evolved. But long after Theodore Thomas has gone to where no discordant tones will jar upon his sensitive ear forever, he will be remembered in his adopted country as its most valiant pioneer 111 the art of music—Before passing to the final portion of this sketch, reviewing the development of the North-American Samgerbund, it is proper to note one other name prominent in the musicirl annals of the country, the late Dr. Leopold I) mmkokcfi He was the conductor of the u Arion " and of the " Oratorio " societies in New York, and although his labors were principally confined to that city, yet he deserves honorable mention beside Thomas as one of the most efficient conductors of our time. —We now take up the history of the development of the < Jerman Sieng<»rbund of North-America. The first regular organization in America, having in view the establishment of " .Sengerfcst«" was effected in 1849 by the singing societies of Cincinnati, Louisville and Madison, (Ind ) The first lenuan Siengerfest which took place in America, was «.i ranged by these societies in Cincinnati, June 1— 4, 1849, and on this occasion (.June 2) the "German Hicngcrhund of North-America" was organized by the following five societies: "Liedertafel M. "Gesang-\erein" and " Bildungsverein " of < "mciiinali, " Liederkran/." of Louisville, -and " Gesangverein " of Mudinon       1 Itt -unir.Mu I•».>U  juiil  \ n 1 he eoneerts
THEODORE THOMAS.
$0                                         Caspar & Zaun's S/«ngekfest Souvenir and Guide.
The following are the Ssengerfests which have until now bet-n arranged by the Sa?ngerbund :
Bock-   Parti-                                     \8ocie- Parti-                                      Soote- Pact!-
i.Hy.               Year.       tiet*   «ipants          ftity                Your       tlw.   etpntits.         <-it>                Year.      tie*, cnj&tiig
Cincinnati......   184«        5        118 Detroit........   1&57       17         144 t incinnati.  ..  .   1870*   61 *    1800
Louisville  .....   1850        7        125 Pittsburgh.....   1858       16       WO St. Uuin.......   1872      M       1460
Cincinnati.....   1851        18       247 Cleveland  .....   1851)      24       400 Cleveland......   1874      56       1000
'Columbus......   1852       12       200 Buffalo.......   1800      25       450 LooiBville.....   1877      32       1000
Dayton........   185*1        8        121 Columbus.....   1805       17        .100 Cincinnati......  1879      30       1100
Canton........   1851      12        I4« Uuisville .  ...   I860      81        800 Chicago  .......   1881      51      1482
Cleveland.......  1855      18       200 Indianapolis.    .1867     34      1000 Buffalo........   1883     60      1780
Cincinnati......   I860,    19       300 Chicago......   !H«8     58      1200 Milwavkkk .  .   1886     84      2550
As compared with the Samgerfest which tot>k place in Cleveland in 1874 and that of Louisville in 1877, there was a diminution of 600 participants. The cause may be briefly stated as follows : The first May Festival wan held in Cincinnati in 1873, witlwTheodore Thomas an conductor. Assisted by Otto Singer, he organized a festival-chorus, composed of laliies and gentlemen residing in that city; the winter was devoted to many thorough and painstaking rehearsals. The engagement of various/European and American soloists of note added materially to enhance the great music a I success achieved at the Fet? tival, exhaustive reports of which filled all the journals of the Union. The comparisons made between this May Festival and the Samgerfests of the North-American Saengerbund, resulted unfavorable to the latter. It was charged that the singers at their Fests cared less for industrious rehearsing than they did for industrious refreshing. That the quality of their beer troubled them more than the-tuiality of their singing. And that, furthermore, tho programmes, consisting of male chorus lacking eve^y artistic value, were too antiquated, etc. Whether these reproaches were just or not, we cannot decide. Suffice it tb say, that in 1874, at Cleveland, it was resolved ,{that no society with less than twelve singers be admitted, and that only those were to be considered as guests at the Festival, who were provided with a certificate, signed by the conductor or his assistant, the latter to_.visit the several societies at their homes^jind by testing their proficiency, ascertain whether the singers had thoroughly studied the works which were to be produced."
This resolution forced the withdrawal of a considerable number of singing societies, who, with 7 or 8 men, *' unprepared as they were", had been accustomed to heighten the brilliancy of the Festivals they favored with their presence. The addition of mixed chorus as un integral part of the Festivals, also resulted in the resignation of several of the smaller societies from the Samgerbu-nd. The facts above recited fully explain the difference in participation in 1874 and 1877. Beginning with 1877—the ftret musical Festival of the Seengerbund—a steady and large increase in the number of participants can be recorded. At Cincinnati (in 1879) the programme rendered was quite imposing. Verdi's " Requiem " has poj-sibly never again been so perfectly executed. Not quite so well can the Chicago Feet (1881) be spoken of. But little fault can be found with the programme (Bruch's " Odyssey", the Ninth Symphony, Scenes from Lohengrin, etc.) The orchestra of 150 members was excellently selected, very prominent soloists, (Peschka-Leutner, Cary, Candidus, Remmertz, etc.,) engaged, and yet the Cincinnati Fest greatly excelled that of Chicago. The reason was, that the preparations had been insufficient. Nothing would " hitch ". The magnificent Ninth Symphony was scarcely ever before so wretchedly treated, and the performance of Bruch's " Odyssey " could have been greatly improved upon. In a word, the whole affair was simply a struggle with notes. Without doubt, the Buffalo Fest was the most satisfactory. The engagement of Dr. Damrosch's Orchestra may have contributed greatly to this result. The favorable impression made at once by the opening concert, apparently assured the success of the entire festival. The lirst part of Haydn's " Seasons" was performed with at least 300 Americans, not fluently familiar with German, in the chorus; it was therefore decided to sing in English. This concession proved highly beneficial to the festival, for all the concerts were given to overflowing houses. All visitors departed from the city with a feeling of sincere gratefulness.
If a still grkater success is predicted for the fepifral taking place at Milwaukee, it is for the reason that certain essential factors are here present which the cities, where the festivals had heretofore been held, could not command. That this opinion is shared elsewhere also, is evidenced by the enormous participation of 2550 singers. Besides this, the Ssengerbund has secured for the coming Fest the services of a conductor, who, through his extensive experience in conducting the operas at. Cologne and Hamburg, possesses the ability to completely control not only the chorus, but also the orchestra, in which latter qualification most conductors of the former festivals were, without question, deficient. Furthermore the almost certain acceptance of the invitation extended to the Mscnner Gesangverein of Vienna (Austria), to he our guests during the Festival, will prove an unusual attraction. Correspondence is also taking place witJj societies in Cologne, Germany. Takin . into consideration also, that wide-awaice men have been entrusted with the general management of the festival, and by no means neglecting to avert to beautiful Milwaukee's location on the banks of cool Lake Michigan, the assertion that the coming festival will be the greatest success of the Samgcrbund will hardly be controverted.—And now, at the conclusion our sketch, wr take leave of tin1 courteous reader who has patiently followed us,  with  a grateful and cordial Farewell.
THK CREAM CITY OF THK LAKES
»y  K.   W i.THT  I ;\'hKKKKI#l.   I il»i/iii*iii «.l Um-  M »h\ mikf> I'ul.li*-  !.il>r«ry.
I      HISTORICAL SKKTCII.
above the thatched cottages' tliat crowded about its walls, in the closest possible proximity to the arm that was to guard thorn against the raids of neighboring robber barons. The same thing has been repeated on a smaller scale in this country, where the rude block-house or palisaded wooden fort, built as au advance post in the domain of native Indians, to serve as a protection against expected attacks, often formed the nucleus of a settlement, which gradually extended in ever widening circles, while, at the same time, it condensed in its center to a village, that ultimately gained the dignity of a city.
There are those cities, however, which count their origin not from the more or less elaborate ahojj^of grim war, but from the rude chapel and roughly hewn cross of the early missionary who risked Iris life for the spiritual welfare of his savage brother of the forest. A still larger portion of our western cities have no other beginning than the humble dwelling, around which a solitary backwoodsman cleared a small space, to plant his scanty stores of seed and grain, or where an adventurous trader of the early days spread out his wares, to barter with his dusky neighbors for the gain of their hunting expeditions.
To the last class belongs Milwaukee, and its peaceful beginning is an epitome of its whole subsequent history. It can point to no ruin of castle or fort ; there is no field or hill, copse or creek of which it can be said I bat there raged once a battle, whether between civilised or savage foes; only the occasion*! chronicler knows who built the first church; and *in ordinary city business block covers the spot whore the first vhito Hettler built his house. The history of the city, therefore, can hoi be :i record of the peaceful conipiost of a virgin soil, only occasionally disturbed by little internal dissensions »»i (iii:tnei:il convulsions ; u record indeed, that is a blessing to the inhabitants of such & place    l»ni   n"i  <>f :»  .•luir:\ct.-r to excite the lively  interest  ami syinpathv of An outside world.
28                                     Caspar <fc Zahn's ^.engkhkkst Souvjbnir and Guidk.
Although the settlement of Milwaukee as a city elates back only to 1884, the locality was known and designated by the same name at least n century and a half before thai time. The only white Inhabitants then in what is now the state of Wisconsin were to be found at (Jreen Bay, at the head of the bay of the same name, then called La Baik i>tw Puaktr, where a trading po*t had been established by Canadian fur traders, followed about 1000 by amission of the Jesuit fathers. It was from this place Father Jaeque Marquette and Sieur Joliet started, in 1078, mi their journey down the Fox and Wisconsin rivers, the highway of that period to the Mississippi, which they descended to a point below the entrance of the Arkansas. Their return voyage washy way of the Illinois and Chicago rivers to Lake Michigan and thence,, by coasting along the shore, back to Green Bay, where they arrived in September of the same year. There is thus no doubt, that these two daring voyageurs saw and probably visited the place where Milwaukee now stands, in the early autumn of 1673, though there is nothing in Father Marquette's relation of his adventures to indicate that there was anything there to even cause them to mention the circumstance. In October of the next year, Father Marquette again left Green Bay? intent upon establishing a mission on the Illinois river, and traveled along the coast as far as the Chicago river, where he was detained through sickness until the following March During this journey he stopped at a place, which would seem from th^descrfp^ tion to have been Milwaukee.    Father Claude Allouex followed the same route two years later, carrying
Solomon Jctneau's Loo-Housm, 1820.
the cross and faith to the IndianB inhabiting the shore of the " Lake of the Illinois" and the river valleys as far as Kaskaskia.
In 1678, Zenobe Membr6, a Recollect missionary, set out from Green Bay, for discovery and missionary labors among the Illinois, with a party consisting of the renowned Sieur de la Salle, Father Louis Hennepin and Gabriel de la Ribourde and several Indians. He returned in 1680, and published a relation of the expedition, in the course of which he mentions " the nation of the Maskoutens and Outagamies whx> dwell at about 43° N., on the banks of the river called Melleoki, which empties into Lake Dauphin (Michigan), very near their village." Thus minutely located, there is no room for doubt that the river, which Father Membr6 calls Melleoke, notwithstanding the strange orthography, is the same that still flows past the city which has borrowed its name and taken the place of the f* village of the Maskoutens and Outagamies."
Another variation of the name occurs in the journal of Father Jean Buisson de St. Cosme who relates that, on his way from Mackinaw to " Chicagu," along the coast of Lake " Mietsigan," he arrived, October 7, 1699, to the " Melwarik," and adds: " This is a river where there is a village which has once been considerable. We remained there two days, partly to refresh our people, as duck and teal shooting was very plenty, and partly on account of the high winds. On the 10th of October w« arrived at Kipikawi (the present Racine)."                                                                                                                                 -£
Nothing more is heard of the place, lli.tffl Lieut, James Gorreil of the British army, who had command of the military post uUrreen Bay, in his journal, 'Un^er date* of June 5, 1762, speaks of a branch of the Taways (Ottawas), consisting of about 100 warriors,* who^ivedj^fi* Mil wacky," and tojvhom traders regu-
M                                     Caspar <& 7/vhn's S.«noihwkst Bouvrnir A$n Gurmc.
larly went from Green Bay.   On August 20th of the same year, he records the arrival to the Bay of a party of Indians from this same Milwaeky, who " made great complaint of tlm trader amongst them."
It is thus evident that, at this comparatively early (Lite, there was a regularly established trading post at the Indian village on the Milwaukee river, and it mh$Lbe inferred that the fault-finding was not entirely confined to the Indians, for Col. A rent Schuyler de PeyateTfwho commanded the British military jjyst at Mk-hilimackinac. on the 4th of Juh , 1779, speaks of them ns "those runegades of Milwakie, a horrid set of refractory Indians." The doughty colonel's aversion to them seems to have been caused principally by their etmrt refusal to take part in the great council called at L'Arhre Ooche, for the pnr-pos<? of aiding and abetting the proposed expedition of Lieut. Gov. Hamilton from Detroit against Col. Clarke in command of the revolutionary forces in the Illinois country. Other accounts, however, agree in imputing to the Milwaukee Indians an unenviable reputation as a troublesome and unmanageable band.
It appears proh\hle that these Indians, when they first came inrontoetwith the early traders and explorers, were composed of the remnants of various tribes, namely Pottawatoinifes^hippewas, Menomonees and a few Ottawa, once important branches of the great Algonquin family, and Winnebagoes. Dr. Morse in his report on Indian towns in 1820,states that Milwaukee was settled by Sacs and Foxes. This statement, if correct, must refer to a very early settlement, for Samuel A. Storrow, who spent a little time at the place, while on a foot-journey to Chicago, in 1817, says, the village, which was situated on the right bank of the " Millewackie'' river, was composed of Pot taw atomies. The Menomonees have left their name to the river, tributary to the Milwaukee from the west, and these two tribes were the only ones of which the government took cognizance, when their title to the ground on which tlie present city stands was extinguished by formal treaties in 1831 and 1833.
The mixed character of the resident Indians may possibly be due to the circumstance that the locality would eeem to have been a common meeting-place for all the surrounding tribes, who were in the habit of assembling there at stated periods for adjusting their difficulties and dissensions in a friendly way, transferring their warlike exploits to other places. Whether the accident of there being here a confluence of three rivers had imparted to the locality a sacredness in the eyes of the Indians, which made it a heinous offence lo commit a deed of violence on its soil, no man can now tell; but traces of this world-wide reverence for ihe number three are clearly discernible among the remains of the aboriginal inhabitants of this continent. It may have been a tradition left by the mysterious mrnffid-btrttdew, whose structures abounded along all three of the rivers about Milwaukee.
The name itself appears to be derived from this circumstance, as the most trustworthy interpretation makes it a Pottawatomie term, meaning " gathering-place by the river," the proper form being " j$an-ah-wauk sepe," although various other explanations of the name have been suggested, referrinj^its origin to other roots and dialects of aboriginal languages. The uncertainty as to the proper spelling is no less marked and almost every one who had occasion to use the name in early days introduced a new variety. TIs.ige finally reduced these individual caprices, to tw_o_ recognized forms,.only differing in the final syllable being spelled either be or je. After it had come so far as this, however, a fierce and amusing war raged for a time about which of these should prevail, each having its devoted champions among the newspapers and the people at large. Sectional ill-feeling mingled with the reverence for orthographic purity, and while the west side of the river generally espoused the cause of the kie, the east side as bravely stood up for kbe. The former had the national government on their side, since the name of the post office had been officially set down as Milwaukie. Still, when finally certain laws were published, in which the final syllable appeared as kee, though it was promptly charged that the printer had been bribed, the legal influence proved a strong ally for the spelling " Milwaukee" and it gradually became general, until only two newspapers, an English and a German one, persisted in the old spelling, in spite of all entreaties to fall into line witfi public opinion. Some enthusiastic partisans of reform, who considered this obstinacy a blot on the fair snjam>of the village, one night broke into the office of the Milwaukie Sentinel and,abducted all the i's but two, belonging to the font of type used for its headline, and as there was nothing else available for the purpose, the paper issued on December 7, 1844, appeared with the spelling permanently changed to conform with the new notions. *The other paper stuck bravely to the lost cause, undaunted by threats or itaunts, and announced itself as published at " Mihvaukie," until it died as the " Banner und Volksfrennd * in 1880, the last of the kies, unless grim Spelling fteform%hould again resurrect the old here*sy in modified form.   '                                              *.-                                                         ..   -.  •
But while we have been reviewing the eflbrts to adapt the name,, which the untamed son of theforesfe? had bestowed on the future city, to the requirements of an Anglo-Saxon tongue, the French traders? audi soureHrs de hois from Green Bay have become more numerous a*id Alexandre La Framboise has eiietetk a flourishing trading post anaoj^fthe Indians a! Milwaukee, probably some time about 1784, or eattieJt \ *f^e Indian village was then situated near the mouth of the river, about half a mile south of the present* #ntraitef to the harbor, a few primitive habitations scattered-abottt on Jthe sandy shore, and inhaMeJ£|*y a#
*
The Black Hawk war of ISSS was an event of great importance to the young settlement/ The cel%i brated chief and his dusky warriors were in undisputed possession of the Rock River valley, 80 ox* 40 ittillf^ wesi from Milwaukee ; and in order to prevent the further spreading of the warlike feeling as far as pbtf si hie, Gen. Atkinson ordered all the friendly Indians to assemble at Milwaukee and await further instrutj* tions. Thousands o( Indians then put up their wigwams on both sides of the river, and made things lively M Juneau's store in mure ways than one. After the war was ended by Uwdefeat of Black Hawk at Batt Axe, in September o( the^same year, the government instituted energetic proceedings for the removal of the remaining Indians west of the Mississippi. The title of the Menomonees, who claimed the Country east and north of the Milwaukee river, had already been extinguished by a treaty at Washington, February 8, 18-31, which opened the land around Juneau's settlement for preemption. The Pottawatomies, who lived and occupied the land south-and west of the Milwaukee river, entered into a treaty with the United Stales government at Chicago, Sept. 28, 1838, whereby they ceded their righta to the land, but were allowed to remain in occupancy for three years after the signing of the treaty. By various amendments and for other reasons, the ratification of the treaty was delayed until February 21, 1835, and the removal of thi* last degraded remnant of a once powerful tribe from the land of their fathers to far Kansas was not completed until June, 1888. Soon after the treaty was iinally signed, a survey was* made of the land north of the river, hi the course of which the surveyor attempted to run his lines across the river, in order to com* plete the sections. The Indians considered this a violation of the treaty stipulations, which so enraged them, that they made all preparations for a general massacre of the whites, during the absence of the-
The Present Court House.
greater part of the male population at the land sale in Green Bay. Only the coolness of Mrs. Juneau and her remarkable influence over the Indians averted the calamity.
The eyes of prospective settlers had already been directed to the fair promises of this new country, and at the posts of Chicago, Detroit and Mackinaw there were many of them, only awaiting the cession of the land to the United States. No sooner was the last treaty concluded, than Albert Fowler, Rodney J. Carrier, Andrew J. Lansing and Quartus O. Carley started from Chicago for Milwaukee and arrived at the house of Solomon Juneau, a better and larger one by the way than the one first erected, on November 18,
1833.    They remained overwinter in an unoccupied log shanty, built years before by one Le Claire but soon abandoned, and Fowler was ultimately employed by Juneau in his store. The only other white inhabitants at the time, beside Juneau's immediate family, were Peter Juneau, his brother, who had a shanty and tilled a garden around it a short distance south of Solomon's place ; and Paul Vieau, a son of Jacques, who lived and traded where his father's place had been.
In the spring of 1834, other settlers followed and began setting the wheels of industry moving in every direction, where commerce only had thriven before.   The GTeen Bay Intelligencer of April 16,
1834,  says : " The Milwaukee country is attracting much attention. A settlement has commenced near its mouth ; and there can be no doubt it will be much visited during the coming season by northern emigrants, and by all who fear the bilious fevers and other diseases of more southern latitudes. Two or three young men from the State of New York have commenced the erection of a Saw-Mill on the first rapid, about three miles above the mouth of the Milwaukee river."
A further extract from tlie same paper of {September, 1835, five months after, will serve to show how rapidly things were advancing in the new settlement: " This Milwauky : A correspondent at the mouth of the Milwauky sneak»of t heir having a town already laid out; of selling quarter acre Ibtsior five and sixKun-T
28
( akpak ^ Zaun's S^n<{kkfk^SwV$nir ani> ,Guii*k.
Wis<*>nhin Stkbici. Kahx prom. Kant W atkr St.
dr^i dollars, and says by fall there will Ik; Onr Hundrkd building** uf>; that Bo;no fifty people are living there. A gentleman supports a school at bin own expense. A clergyman k about taking ttp hb abode among them.    Albert Fowler, Esq., i« appointed Justice of the Peace, and their County Courts will be
organised, at the next session of the Council Land speculators are circumambulating it and Milwaukee is a 111 he ra ge. 7 How easy it is to read between the lines the a mowed and half incredulous .smile, at thai unwonted activity and energy, of the venerable old Green Bay, glorying in a history dating back nearly two centuries, to a time when New Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay were essaying their feeble steps into the wilderness, when New York wan Btill New A niRterdam, and long before William Perm and bin (Juakers hail been heard of in I he "New World.
Among the rent, who located permanently at Milwaukee during this year, were two men who share with Juneau the honor of being the founders of the city, each one being the foremost in one of the natural divisions of the place. Geo. II Walker, originally from Njj^^ia^lelt^hic^ago in the autumn of 1883 with a Rtock of goods bound for IvfUwlOTke^ but lost the^mick and was obliged to winter at a place on Root River, went of the present Racine. In March of-the following year, he ftnallv reached Milwaukee and built a More on an elevated point of land, running through the interminable matrshes on the south side of the river. This location was so conspicuous a landmark, and so distinct from thereat of the town was the settlement which was formed back of Walker's residence toward the south, th&Uiie preasnt South Side even to this day* is* frequently designated as Walker's Point. The other wasi j|ffbn *Cifbotirri, born in Connecticut, who came from Ohio in May 1834 as United States surveyor, in company with his assistant. Garret Vliet. Tn pursuit of his railing, he visited Milwaukee and determined to make it his permanent home. He accordingly, in the summer of 1835, selected an eligible site on the ' west side of the river and became the founder of a village, long known as Kil-bourntown.
Other settlers followed in their steps, and in the following year the full tide of immigration set in. New men appeared on the soerie, attracted from all parts of the country by the
Grand Avknur. West prom thk Brnxms,
hope of laying the foundation of their own fortune in building up the new country. In the spring of 1885, the first land sale was held at (ireen Bay and a considerable portion of the site of .Milwaukee was bought in by the three men mentioned. Through the mischievous agent in land speculation of that day, known a« a   " float ".  Walker did not succeed in getting his title confirmed Uv the srovernment until 1843,
CO^RIOHTtD.iaaO.BV CASPAR & /AHN.MILWAUKEE.
WM.   flRAH-  OCX.  MILWAUKEE.
Milwaukee llliwtnited. — Birdseye View I.
Lookintf North from Union Depot ruiI 8outh Water St. to Gteand Ave. and Wisconsin St.
m
Caspar <fc Safin's S/rnubrfkbt Souvenir and Gvwk.
and, in consequence, Walker's Point fell behind its rivals in the race; but Juneau and Kilbourn roet With no cliflirrtilcSoM. The former, who had already found h'»8 old hahilation insufficient and built a commodious  frame   house where   Mitchell*  palatial bank building  nmv Ft a mix,   hud an hi  half of  bin claim to
Morgan L. Martin, and both together platted aperies of town lots, which were quickly disposed of. Travelers were getting so numerous that the primitive manner of entertaining them at Juneau'** house, though fully in accord with his generous imp nines, was no longer to be thought of. Even the " Cottage Inn", which Jacques Vieau had opened on East Water Street, was insufficient and Juneau, in partnership with Martin, t he re fore began t Be erection of a pretentions hotel structure on the northwest corner of   Wis-
Bko\dw.a\, Noktii from Wisconsin St.
cousin and Main streets (the latter being now Broadway). Thin wan completed and opened two years later, at first as the '* Iielleview", soon changed to the *' Milwaukie House", under which designation it acquired a fume that has not yet died out. A post office was opened the same year, and Juneau was appointed it* firnt postmaster
On the west side, Kiibourntown was no less promising. Houses were built, Kilbourn's own being at the intersection of Chestnut and Third streets, and Garret Vliet's on the heights in a northwesterly direction from this. The drainage of the marshes lining the river was projected, and preparations made even for so great an undertaking as to connect Milwaukee and Rock rivers by a canal. This work was a pet scheme of Kilbourn'h and, if carried out according to his plans, would undoubtedly have been of benefit to the city. Circumstances combined, however, to defeat the project, and the outcome of the Rock River Canal C6., though it cut a very conspicuous figure in Wisconsin history for some time, was a dam across the Milwaukee River and about a mile of ditch,which for years furnished several mills with water power, but was finally ceded to the city a year ago and converted into a street.
The population of the place had now increased to .About a hundred souls, and the introduction of governmental machinery became a necessity. The county of Milwaukee had been set off in September of the previous year, at a time when there were not enough white men within its confines to serve as county officers, though it extended 72 miles north from the Illinois line and beyond Madison on the wept
East Water Street, South from Market Square.
On the 19th of »September, 1835, the township of Milwaukee was organized and the first election held; 39 persons voting, A political existence being thus guaranteed the embryo city, it may be well to state the successive changes of jurisdiction over the locality. It was a part of New Franop from 1670 t<> 1759, when it was surrendered to the British and put under the administration
Apj'Karanck ov Milwaukbs in 1886.
si
of ( anada in 1774 During the revolution, Virginia claimed the " Illinois country" by right of conquest, but ceded her claims to the United States in 1787, when the famoiiH " Ordinance" was passed, establish* ing the "Territory North went of the Ohio River". The northern portion of this region, including Milwaukee, was held by Great Britain, however, until 1794, from which time it wsw under the territorial government of Ohio In 1800, it wan attached to Indiana Territory ami remained ao until 1800, when the lUinoisTerriioi v  wax established extending north to Lake Superior.   When Illinois took her place in
the river until October 8, and no streets were t here to be seen. Water covered moBt of the land now the Third Ward, in which grew reeds and
the Union, in 181S, Wisconsin was joined to Michigan, and the whole eastern portion organized into the county of Brown, with the comity seat at (Ireen Bay Milwaukee count v, aa stated, wan separated in ltf'.M and gradually cut down, until it attained its present limits in \M(\ The Wiaconsin Territory wan erected in IH'MS and heeamo a State in 1848
I he   year  of  tHiif>  cloned   with every  indiiaiion  ol  a prospermia future, and before entering upon the recorda of the. event ful "thirty-h»x ',  we will pause to  let   lion. WinhVd Smith  tell iih what the Milwaukee   of   that   day    looked like.    He says:   "It   in  diflicult now to realize  the   scene   which t bin place then presented.    A plat of   the   town—now   the Want alone—had been prepared  shortly   before by  Juneau and   Martin, find record
rushes, extending from the river to the windy beach of the lake.   On the West Side a like month covered the area between Fourth street and the river, south of Grand A venue to the Menomonee.   Of the South 8ide, Dr. Lapham writes, in 1845 :    4 The city commences about a mile above the mouth of the river, at a place called Walker's Point,  and  extends about a mile and a half ajltfng the river. Below  Walker'a  Point the river is bordered   by    impassable   marshes/ Walker's Point, to which he refers, is a name meaningless to our young citizens.   But it was a point of high ground running several hundred feet through the marsh northeasterly, to tlie south bank of the river, near the present East Water street bridge. On it was built the dwelling of George H. Walker, the first town supervisor, afterwards mayor,  and he entered the land at the first government sale. That   point,   then conspicuous enough, was the only place where a house could stand within a quar-
ed Septembers, 1835, and Rome Btreets b • gan to be known ; while n o a»'! plat was recorded of lots west of                         Washington Monumknt, on Grand Ave.
ter of a mile. Many years ago it disappeared, as it was cut down and the marshes on both sides Were filled. Half a dozen houses, scattered along for a mile to the south, contained all the population of the South Side. The ground was high where the point extended back, widening toward the west. The forest grew heavy, except where it had been cut away in patches by the settlers, and stumps not yet uprooted indicated how recent had been the work of the pioneer. No other trace was seen of the hand of civilization. Upon the Kast Side, the marshes that covered the whole of the present Third Ward were varied by two islands of dryer land, one near the north end of East Water street bridge, and the other covering the comer of Jack-Bon and Detroit streets, as now laid out, the latter of which bore the significant title of Duck Island. The land in which the present Seventh Ward lies was mostly high, running by a steep descent into the marshes of the Third Ward, and into the marsh which also lay along the river front from south to north. The western line of the bluff crossed Wisconsin street at the northeast corner of Broadway. Some seven or eight houses, the furthest north of which was near Biddle street, were all that had yet been built. On the west side of the river Longstreet's and Dr. Graham's stores, the house of Byron Kilbourn, at Chestnut street, and the American House near the site of the present Republican House, were all that were to be seen The marsh covered the Fourth Ward, a* now laid out, along U<e Menomonee -iver and the Milwaukee as far nor' h as Spring street [now Grand Ave.] Near Seventh street the ground suddenly rcae to the west, and tret m eovrcd the bluff* and also the low land north of Spring street. The forest was dense and unbroken, penetrated by no roads except Indian trails.    These were the white man's only guide on
32
Caspar & Z\hn*8 Sjenuerfbbt Souvknik and Guide.
his way to Green Bay or to Fort Winnebago. Only three or four wagons were in the southeastern pari of the territory, and most of the people were living in the no-called Cottage Inn, and American Hottse. The line of the river was margined by no wharf*, and wax l»mt in the rushes which filled the marshes, Thm lake shore has remained with litue change to the present time, hut the mouth of the river wan nearly a mile south of the present harbor, and the channel meandered through the marshes, considerable portions ol which yet indicate to the observer how the principal area ot Milwaukee then appeared. There were mme log housea and Rome frame houses, built without much reference to streets, or any other consideration, ?•xcept rapidity and cheapness of construction. No brick was seen, and none had yet be^n made. The critiaens at that time had no suspicion of the richness of the earth which was to furnish them a renowned article for the construction of their sightly buildings, and which should, in time to come, give name and wealth to the city."
Traveling was by no means the easy task during the earty stage of Milwaukee's development thai it is at the present day, and it requires an effort of imagination to realize how completely the people who earn© from the East, and helped to build up the city, were cut off"from the rest of the world. The traveler in those days might, with ordinary fortune, be three weeks on the journey from Detroit to this place. News came no faster, because there was no mail route except by water. The telegraph was not in use. Three to five weeks might well be taken for a letter from New York to Milwaukee. The railroad was a light, flat rail track, running a few miles west from Albany, and all the jou>ney besides to Chicago was performed in stages, unless the wayfarer was so happy as to get a boat ; and from Chicago hither he walked, unless he rode his own horse.
The means for inte^icoramunieation were no less inadequate. The roads leading out of the place consisted of the primitive>i§|5p!<*,trails, winding their way through the forest in a northerly, westerly and southerly direction. The streefS'were rough roads ~6n the hillsides or through the swamps, which formed a serious obstacle to neighborly intercourse. When an attempt was finally made to construct a road from Juneau's side to a point opposite Walker's Point along what is now East Water street, and~*much labor had been expended in filling, the settlers awoke one fine morning to find that their laboriously constructed highway had gone to the bottom of the marsh during the night. The crossing of the Milwaukee river was made, first in a dug-out and afterwards by means of a ferry. The Menomonee, near its confluence with the Milwaukee, was very early spanned by a bridge, which was an important advantage for the development of KiJbourntown. The effort to establish closer communication between the latter place and the East Side, resulted in serious complications to which we shall revert further on.
Notwithstanding the isolation of the place and the difficulty of reaching it, new settlers and speculators began to arrive in large numbers with the opening of spring in 183ft. Speculation in lands infected the whole country like a veritable craze, and produced the most astonishing results throughout the West. Milwaukee shared in the general excitement. Corner lots were bought at what a year before would have been fabulous prices, and resold a few days after at a considerable advance in price. Buildings went up like magic, stores were erected and filled with goods before the roof was fairly on, and a good round sum was paid for the privilege of using unoccupied ground, as a market for disposing of merchandise, without going to the trouble of building a house for it. The East Side particularly was in favor with the new arrivals, and some had even the temerity of settling themselves on the few pieces of solid ground existing in the midst of the swamp, which was afterwards transformed into the Third ward.
Among these occur for the first time a number of German names, as for instance Henry Bleyer, who settled on Duck Island, and Matthias Stein, a gunsmith, who took up his abode on the top of the steep wooded hill, which rose to the height of 50 feet over the surrounding marsh on the present Market Square, a few rods north of Juneau's warehouses. The cutting down of this hill was a work of considerable magnitude, and furnished a large amount of material for filling up the marshes, the place where tho old City Hall, originally the City Market, now stands, being raised no less than 14 feet.
Solomon Juneau himself, who during so many years had lived calmly and peacefully in the place, became possessed of the general mania and, after the excitement had continued all through the summer, bought back, for thousands, lots which he had sold in the spring for hundreds. With the rapid increase of the population, it was necessary to provide suitable quarters for the civil authorities of the county, and Juneau therefor built the first court house, erected especially for its purpose within the confines of the State of Wisconsin, on the high ground north of ()neida street, and presented the whole square on which it was situated as a free gift to the municipality This court house continued to do service until the present brown sandstone structure was erected on its site in IS71—73.
While the East Side was thu* apparently on the highroad to success, KLilbourn tooJf hold with his accustomed energy to secure a fair share of the " Ik* >m M for his side of the river. He improved the roads, began to agitate the construction of a railroad to the MU«i*mppi river an I succeeded in getting that indispensable adjunct of a new settlement, a newspaper, established in Kilbourntown. The first number of the " Mtlwaukie Advertiser"  appeared on  July 1:4, IS*>6,  and it may be as well to »tate here, that it was not
Milwaukee Illustrated. -Birdseye View II.
I o.^Kir a- North from Milwaukee River and Krie 8troet to Wisoat&ain Street and the Lake Sftore.
34
Caspar A Zaun's S.enoerfkst Houvenik and Guide.
until June 27, 1887, that the " Milwaukie Sentinel", the especial champion of the East Side', saw the light under the protection of Juneau. The latter publication has continued to the present time with the same name, while the former was changed, in 1841, to the "Courier", and later, in 1847, to the "Wii conmn *\
The year of 1887 was ushered in by an unusually severe winter. The river remained frozen during nearly live months, from November 24 to April 18, and the hastily constructed houses of the 000 inhabitants of Milwaukee were but an inadequate shelter against the inclemencies of the weather. Much suffering existed and only the hope of renewed activity and better prospects with.the opening of spring kept up their drooping spirits. They were doomed to disappointment, however. Instead of the enhanced prosperity, which everybody had expected, the financial crisis of 18&7, which commenced during the winter on tiie Atlantic coast, swept over the whole country like a blast, and caused the flimsy structures of insane speculators to fall with a resounding crash. The currency of ijie country, consisting mainly of the notes of state banks, was abnormally expanded, and melted away to nothing when the fictitious values of the previous year began to settle.    Many a new promising city in the west disappeared as rapidly as it had
risen, and Milwaukee, with the rest, was pervaded with the gloom of despair. Instead of a large i m m i#% a t i o n, there were itun*e persons moving away than coming in, and property which had been bought for 500 toJ000 dollars was sometimes exchanged for a barrel of pork or flour. Those who remained were compelled to begin their career anew and, to their honor be it said, they went to work with a will. Improvements were not entirely lacking ; even during the summer of 1837, a few houses were built, and in the spring of the following year, considerable progress was visible. This unexpected "vitality made the place conspicuous in the outside world, and was unquestionably a potent factor in directing the at ten*
Colby & Abbott (Wis. Ckntral R. R.) Building, Cor. Milwaukee and Mason jSts.
tion to it of intending immigrants both from the old world and the eastern portion of the i
Early in 1837, the village of Milwaukee was incorporated on the east side ot the river, and Juneau elected president of the trustees. Almost simultaneously the village of Kilbourntown was organized on the West Side, with Kilbourn as president, and thereby the foundation laid to a long-standing war between the two sides, based on an unusual amount of sectional jealousy and personal bitterness. Kilbottrn was remarkably energetic and sagacious, and set about building up his town in a way that fairly bewildered his neighbors and threatened to entirely eclipse the East Side, no^h^Uhstanding its earlier prestige. New streets were opened, the filling of the marsh progressed rapidly, andk small steamer, the Badger, to wWeh was added, in 188$, the Menomonee, was procured and made regular trips on the river to the foot of Chestnut street; but was not allowed under any circumstances to make » landing on the East Side. Those who came by boat, which was in fact the only way to reach the place comfortably,and were bound for Milwaukee, were therefore rompelled to go to KUhotirntown first, and make tjieir way, as best as they could, Sack to Spring street, were there was a poor sort of ferry to Wisconsin street. This state of affairs continued until 1840, when the East Side a!«o procured a steamer, the " C. C. Trowbridge ".    Even  when the two parts were
Consolidation of the East and West Sides.
m
politically consolidated, in May, 1839, under the name of the village of Milwaukee, with two wards, tM Kant and the West, the mutual jealousy continued as (ierce as ever.
One of the effect* of this sectional ill-feeling, which will strike the visitor of to-day at once, seriously iiiai'H the beauty of our fair city. The HtreetH on each aide were laid out without any reference to each other, and the. result is that there is hardly a street in thtM'ity which crosses the river in a straight line. It ban even l>een charged that Kilbourn designedly made his«treets, so that there should be no possibility of a connection will* the rival village by mean* of bridges, and, if so, it is a piece of good luck that he succeeded in carrying out hi* intentions no better tlum he did.                                                                    ^
The efforts to bridge the river form a long chapter in the early history of the city ami gave occasion to .inch a display of animosity, that it haa become locally known as the "bridge-war". Legislative authority for building a bridge from Oneida to Wells streets had been obtained as early as 1836; but nothing was accomplished, and in IHHH the location was • hanged to Chestnut and i>ivision streets. At the '•onsolidation of the two villages, each ward was left practically independent of the other, as far a internal improvements were concerned, and this provision was brought into play by Kilhoufntown tor refusing to aid in constructing or maintaining my bridges to the east hank of the river. Never-t IteleHs, t he Chestnut si reet bridge was completed, with a cumbersome draw, in 1840, and in 1842 a curious floating bridge was built at Spring street. The latter was a disgraceful affair, and was soon washed away by a freshet, when a regular bridge was substituted at this point in 1848 The following year, another bridge was built, by the exertion of several citizens, at Oneida street, and the East Ward which so far had borne almost the entire expense of maintaining the bridges, began
to think they were getting   Wisconsin Marine & Fire Ins. Co. Bank, and Merchants' Exchange Bank, too much of a good thing.                  Mitchell Building, Cor. East Water and Michigan Sts.
They wanted the West Ward to assume their share of the burden ; but were met with the assurance, that Kilbourntown was not going to pay for what they did not want. Thus what was intended as a bond of unity and mutual accommodation only served to add fuel to the existing rancor, and the wrath kept growing under favorable circumstances until the West Side, on May 8, 1845, to avenge an injury inflicted by a passing schooner to Spring street bridge, as they claimed, intentionally, proceeded to saw off as much of the Chestnut street bridge as abutted on their land. When this proceeding became known to the East-siders, in the early morning* their anger knew no bounds. The bells in the village were rung as an alarm, and an infuriated mob <¦ Uecied speedily at all the damaged bridges and prepaid to prevent their further destruction \ serious riot scetned imn "nent; a small cannon *ras hauled up to a point on the East Side, commanding the house if Kilbourn, who wftuid have been made the target for the unreasoning fury of* the hast-Hider«, had not .\ man with his senses hJ.ill left succeeded in making himself heard sufficiently to tell them thai  K Minium'* daughter was Iving dead  in  his  house since  (he   previous evening     The danger
36
CA8IWR   &  ZAHN'S SiRNORRFEST SOUVENIR   AND  GUIDE.
Market Square, Old City Hall and Opera House.
wa« averted and calmer counsel prevailed ; but the war continued in board of trustees* and state legislature for more than a year, when an equitable agreement was finally reached.
In the meantime, all the three parts of the place had been growing with great rapidity, ro that, in March, 1848, there were about 4000 inhabitantH. In February, 1845, Walker's Point was annexed as the South Ward; and on January 31, 1846, the "Act to incorporate the City of Milwaukee" was approved by the governor,  and the city came into existence with the full  powers of an independent municipality,
divided into live wards. The first charter election was held on A pril 7, and Solomon Juneau, once the solitary householder in Milwaukee, was elected the first mayor of a city containing 0500 inhabitants.
From that time, the V>«w city continued to advance at an even pace, but it is doubtful if it would ever have amounted to more than any other of the smaller citie>y?cattered along the shores of Lake-Michigan, had not its citizens taken  hold with  vigor
and energy to improve its natural advantages. The condition of the harbor, or rather the absence of one, was the first serious difficulty to be overcome. A survey of the Milwaukee river, with a view to the construction of a harbor, hud been ordered by the War department as early as 1835, and was accomplished in the following year by lieutenants Center and Rose, who recommended the construction of what has become known as the "straight cut" as an entrance to the river, instead of its natural outlet further south. Here the matter rested, however, as congress showed no disposition to do anything, for the improvement of navigation in western waters Strenuous appeals from the impatient citizens finally induced an appropriation of $30,000 in 1843, and lieut. Cram of the corps of topographical engineers commenced the work—at the natural outlet, completely ignoring the previous survey, and against the wishes and opinions of all those who had the city's interests at heart. When it was found that protests availed nothing against the stubbornness ofthecorps of engineers, the citizens finally took the matter in their own hands, and advocated the construction of a straight channel   without  government
could be used to far better advantage, continued to erow and in 18o2, had made itself felt to such a degree that congress was obliged to vield, and madi a small appropriation for the desired improvement, so inadequate, however, that the city was forced to raise by fixation and place in the hands of the general government a sufficient amount to carry the undertaking to completion. The dredging began in 1855 and, although the cut was soon rendered navigable for vessels, and the old entrance to the harbor entirely abandoned, the work of improvement continued for many years, and cost the city
East Water Street, South from Huron St.   *
id.    This sentiment against the misapplication of money, that
First Railroad to rms Mississippi  Rivkk.
3?
an amount of money far in excess of what was originally contemplated. In addition to over f$S0>§0§ expended by tlie general government, from 1855 to 1876, the straight rut caused Milwaukee an outlay of $U~> 1)71. For a portion of this Hum, congress haw lately undertaken to reimburse fche city By concerting l ho bay into a harbor of refuge.
Another enterprise, to which Milwaukee unquestionably owes her present commercial importance, was rfm const met ion of a railroad to the Mississippi. We have already referred to the broaching of this subject during the excitement of 1836, but the disasters of the succeeding years prevented more than an occasional reference to the matter, until Feb. 11, 1817, when the state legislature enacted a bill establishing the •• Milwaukee and Waukesha R. R. Co." The following year, the charter was amended bo as to permit an extension of the road to Madison and Mississippi, and the corporate name was changed, in 1850, t.> the " Milwaukee and Mississippi R. R. Co." After a considerable amount of hard work, the $100,060 required for organization was subscribed for, and the company was organised May 10, 1849, with Byron Kilbourn an president. The directors, among wlumi are, found such well-known name* as E. T>. Holton, Alex. Mitchell,  K. B. Woleott, and J. II. Tweedy,  issued at once a  preliminary report, in which they
Loading Grain Vessels from Elevator.
declared that " we believe, and we lay it down as a first and fundamental maxim that the people of Wisconsin are able, within and of themselves, to construct the road ; and we believe and lay it down as a second proposition that being able to do it, the true policy of the country is to be consulted by the accomplishment of this great enterprise from our own resources." It was a great undertaking, nevertheless, for that day. The country was sparsely settled and every man had come there with small means, ^which were required for his own individual necessities. All joined in the undertaking with a will, however, and work was commenced at Milwaukee in die fall of 1849. Though there was hardly anv money to be had, subscriptions had been received with the understanding that they might be paid in such commodities as could be used in the construction of the road. The greater part of the grading between Milwaukee and Waukesha was paid for py orders drawn o*» the merchants and fanners in liquidation of such subscription; but when the time came f<»r procuring the necessary iron, this method of building a railroad was of no avail. In 'he^uergenej , farmers offered to mortgage their farms to raise nw ney, but it was soon found that such securities were not then nego ,able in Eastern market*. As bondn of a city were, however, Milwaukee was appealed o for help, and responded promptly by issuing bonds to the amount of $234,000 in :iill of the railroad It was a gala dav, when trains commenced running regularly to Waukesha in February 1851; but it was not until  April   l5th, 1S57 that the Mississippi was reached at Prairie du Chien.
38
Caspar & Zaun's S/rnorkfest Souvenir and Guide.
Broadway, Looking North     Tiik old Nkwiiall House in Foreground
This was the modest l>eginning of the giant corporation Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co , which to-day stretches its iron net far heyond the goal of that day. The readiness of the city to come to the aid of these early railroad enterprises i« in strict contrast to the policy of its powerful neighbor, Chicago, which, in its corporate capacity, has never appropriated a dollar to the encouragement of the railroads tt||t have made it what it now is
But the success attending this first attempt of turning the eity'scredit to account resulted in a policy of indiscriminate loans to new  railroad  schemes which  were brought up from time to time, without much
reference to the equivalent which the city received, loading i: in a short time with a debt of $1,380,-000 in 7 per cent, bonds When the financial crisis of 1K57 crippled Imsiness throughout the country and the railroads were unable to meet their obligations, the city become seriously embarrassed. Things ^went from bad to worse, and the year of 1800 opened with no money in the treasury, a large bonded indebtedness and a most oppressive floating debt of more than $250,000. To cap the climax the city clerk and controller were arrested for forgery and embezzlement, and the Eastern creditors became alarmed at the prospect of inevitable repudiation. The difficulty was finally overcome by a
readjustment of the indebtedness, effected in I86l^which restored the financial credit of the city; but this
indiscretion exerted a baneful influence on the city finances for many years to come.
The resources of the city, under the new arrangement,  were sufficient to enable it to fully recover
the lost prestige, and from that time the growth and development of Milwaukee has been uninterrupted
and substantial.    It occupies to-day its place among the large cities of the country, as an enlightened,
well-governed, vigorous and enterprising community of over 160,000 inhabitants, composed of sturdy,  industrious
and peaceful  representatives of almost
every nation of the globe, all in unison
working out a future of bright promises
for the Cream City and the State of the
Badgers.
The rapid growth of the population
of Milwaukee is shown by the figures of
the census at successive  periods.     The
city had in 1840, 1,810; in 1850, 20,061;
in  1860,   45,246;  in  1870,   71,440;   in
1880,   115,587   inhabitants.     The   state
census of 1885 gave it 158,509 inhabitants,
an increase of 37 percent   in five years,
of whom  28,323    were living on  the
East, 46,792 on the  South,  and 83,394
on the West side.    Classed according to
place of birth, 93,812   were born in the
United   States,     48306    in    German*,
2,290 in Great Britain, L\7M in Irelan. \
1,570   in the Scandinavian and 9,741   in
other countries, including Poland                            WlWl  VVaTBR ******* ^>UTH FRoM ^LYBOrRN &T.
NothwithshHtdiug the mixed character of the population of Milwaukee, the city is a remarkably
peaceable and quiet place     l>uHng the half-century which has elapsed since its settlement,  it has been
Thk '* Lady Elgin" and "Newhall House" Calamities.
comparative!*' free from epidemics of crime and riotous defiance of law   and  order.   Serious dw»turb-ancpH of tlie peace have occurred now and then, hut were always quelled without great destruction of life or
property ^fhe most threatening of these was the loeally famous "hank-riot" of J One 24, 1861, when an infuriated mob, aro«*ed by an al tempted repudiation of the so-called "Wild Cat" currency, Hacked several banking houaea and was only dispelled at the point of the bayonet. September 8, 1860 will always be remembered in numerous Milwaukee homes as one of the saddest in the city'b»history. The steamer "Lady Elgin'', while retnra->Xj ing from Chicago with 4^. a party of 400 excur-o siomsts, collided in Jg the early morning of q that day w i th a schooner, from the effect of which she sank, carrying with her nearly 800 persons to a watery grave. By far the greater part of these were raembera of Irish families of the Third ward, and each anniversary of the occurrence still. draws to the cathedral hundreds of mournerB for their ead fate.
Another dire calamity, the burning of the Newhall House on the morning of January 10, 1883, remitting in the death, under most heartrending circumstances, of seventy-one persons, is still fresh in the memory of tlie whole country. Of the unfortunate vic-tims,forty-three could buried in a c mmon grave at the Forest Home cemetery, where sorrowing fellow-beiiiR* have wet en a monument to their memory. A view of the ill-fated hotel, now replaced by th? Northwestern Mutual T/ife F nominee Company's building, appears on the opposite page
not In;  identified and wer«
40
(Caspar «fe Zahn's Souvenir and *h:idb.
s
The Crandest Historical Panorama
^J4-
Opposite Exposition Building, Smgerfest Hail, Milwaukee, -f^ OIlPIEIISr   ID-A-IHTST.*
Bl ^GRAPHICAL SKICTCHE8 OP   EARLY  SETTLERS.
4t
Solomon Juneau was born on August!), 1793, at L* Assumption Parish, near Montreal, of Alsatian French parentage. He came to Mackinaw in 1810, and entered (he employ of Jacques Vieau, with whom he went to Milwaukee in 1818. His connection with the settlement of thin place until hfo election as its first mayor, in 184(1, is recorded in the preceding sketch. Shortly after, in consequence of financial reverses, he left Milwaukee and settled at the village of Theresa in Dodge county, where he continued his  Indian trade, and died on a journey near Shawano, Nov. 14, 1856.
Bmion Kii.roitrn was born at Granby, Conn., Septembers, 1801, and was taken by his parents to
< >h»o in 1803. He early engaged in the business of land surveying and engineering, and came to Wisconsin in 1S31 He was elected Mayor of Milwaukee in 1848 and 1854; and from 1849 to 1852, was president of the Milwaukee and Mississippi R. R. Co., the success of which undertaking was largely due to bis efforts. In IK(>8, on account of failing health, he removed to Jacksonville, Florida, where he died Dec. 16, 1870.
(rKowiK H. Walkicr wax horn at Lynchburg, Va., Oct 23,1811, came to Milwaukee In 1884 and settled 'n i he South Side. Wan Register of the Milwaukee land office from 1845 to 1849, member of the territorial legislature from 1842 to 1846, and wan elected Mayor of the city in 1850. He died in Milwaukee September in, tsf><>.                                                                                                                                                        -*
Inckicasb Ai.LKN Latham, LL. 1)., was born in Palmyra, N. Y., March 7, 1811. He showed at ar* earlv age a predilection for scientific, pursuits and devoted himself particularly to the study of geology and botany. He came to Milwaukee in IH36 and has contributed nfore than any other man to the elucidation of the natural historv and advantages of Wisconsin. He was State Geologist for several years and has left contributions to various departments of human knowledge as monuments of his industry and learning, among which hi> work on the "Antiquities of Wisconsin" ;ichievefl a more than national reputation. He died on Oconomowoc Lake, Sept.  It, 1H75.
Pktku En<;icl.mann was horn in Argenthal, Rhenish Prussia, Jan. 34, 1823, and educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Berlin. The revolutionary tendencies of a paper, of which he became the editor in 18495 soon compelled him to leave
< term any for the United States, where he settled at first in Michigan. He came to  Milwaukee m                   Wavbrly Place, Bktwebn Juneau Avenuk and Martin St.
1851 and was placed at the head of the German-English Academy, often designated the " Engelmann School", where he achieved a distinguished success, and where many of our prominent German business men received their education under his guidance. He was enthusiastic in the promotion of scientific studies and became one of the founders of the "Wisconsin Natural History Society'-, for the welfare of which he continued to labor with unabated interest until his death, May 18, 1874. His memory will long be cherished by his many friends and former pupils.
Moitrrz Schoefflkr was born in Zweibriicken, Rhenish Bavaria, March 8, 1813 and learned the art of printing. He came to America in 1842 and to Milwaukee in 1844, There he founded and published in September of the same year the first German newspaper, the '" Wisconsin Banner", over which he presided until 1871, when he retired by reason of ill-health, and died Dec. 29, 1875. He was one among the most prominent of German settlers in Milwaukee and worked with intelligent zeal for the healthy progress of the c'it v and state.
\I \rm\xSTK.iN was born in Lindenfels, Saxony, Dec. 17, 1807, and learned the trade of a watch-maker He fame to Aim rica in 1830 and in 1837 to Milwaukee, where ht- established himself as a gunsmith, uorkiug at this business until wi nin a few years ago. \fr. Stein, who is still hale and hearty, uid tlieonh -urvivor of this group of Milwaukeeans, is a typical German—honest, industrious and good-natuH'd. known and honored bv evervbodv
42
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir anp Gtn&E.
Me bid you Sfeleome to the iream iity!
RKBASTIAN BRANh.
President.
.KILHTH (JOMWCHMinT,
Vice-President.
FRKP. (I BRAND.
Becretnrv
ftfeM
0*
lieekhefer .Bros.
o,
MANUFACTURERS OF
STAMPED,
Til WIRE
DRIPPIM PANS AND ELBOWS.
113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123 CLYBOUMM STBEMT,
MILWAUKEE,       «    ¦   • >        WISCONSIN.
44
i'aspak & Zaun's &ouvk.mr and CJuidis.
CREAM   CITY   IRON   WORKS.
I   \f   STOW KM.. l'KK*ii»i:.vr.
T. B. MrDoVWJ*. Se< RKr un\
W    KK VI). Tkkasi RBit. \
¥he ElkEl & SlQl^EMi GQ. w
N. W. Cor. CLINTON AND FLORIDA STS,  South Side, :M=CXrOT^A.TXKSrBS,   "OTTS-
SPECIALTIES:
Steam  Engincf, Sf on in riimpn, circular Haw MMIh, strain Feed WorkH, Konc Peed Works
'rllUK    FC<Ig<TS,
GangTLath & Picket Shingle Mills, I'aleut I lend Blocks, ••Bohh"   Do^k, Timber <Jaut?cH, Bracket  supports, Pnfofif Saw tinkles,
Mill-.        Automatic Bolter*. Uvc Ho Horn, stave Machinery, Idtg Conveyor*. Slab Conveyorn, Stn\ - Dunt (:onvevors, All kiwln'of Chain.
Brawn and IronCnstingF. shafting, ^oaring, Pulley*. et< .   >te
Patent Movable Tooth saw*. Circular Savvx. all kinds, Kenuard's Patent Cant iiookc. "Cieaiii Cj(y" Cant Hook*. Engine Governor*, all kinds. Shingle Packer*, Shingle Jointers,
fil.-\s. ,1   Mk\fw, Prcs't. Trean it Manager                 !*ai I. Zinkkimkn.  Secretary
HENRY   SCHRAEGER,
URRRER, (Jr-
Wj TAILOR ^
450 MILWAUKEE STREET,
MILWAUKEE,          -          WISCONSIN._________
OTTO LAVERRENZ & BRO.,
MANrPACTt'UKRH OP
PAPER ? BOX-ES,
Telephone 688.
No. 428 East Water St.
A. F. WALLSCHLAECER & CO.,
DEALERS  IN
IRON, « STBBIi,
Carriage and  Wagon ITardware, Hubs, Spokes, Bent Stuff,
Carpenter ami Blacksmith Tools, dr.,
277 & 279 Third St., Cor. State,    -    Milwaukee.
SLAJ^cSSoOL^   ISTEJ^V-^JLilD <fc CO.,
WHOLESALE DEALERH «t TMPORTERK OF
881 KaHt Water Street.    -    MILWAUKEE. WIS.
DMA!,KltS   IN
•fg—IPiuwitttre and Hlpriolsterg*—g.
861 Grove St., Milwaikee, Wis • ?     Undertaking in all Us branches.    Branch Undertaking __________________10OH Fond du Iavc Are.
JABEZ M. SMITH,
Dealer in Confectionery, Fruits & Gig. rs,
and everythift»vto nleasc the Children.
411 JEFFRUSON ST., Opp. Lay ton's Art Nailery,
MIIAV VI KEK, WIS
losKI'lt SI IMM. Sup t of Work-|Nw                     Established 1880.
Wisconsin (Jlass Co.
MAM FACT! RETtH <>K  All
KISIWOP
33oftfesr 3&rs
— A50 -
Window (filass.
otlice and Warehouse: 235, -2«7  &  8M> KEEI) STRKK'I,
Works: Lincoln It*., near Clinton Street.
NOl TH HIDE
MILWAUKEE,   WIS. *3rTelephom» Call fdtW
PETER LEHMAN & CO ,
bailors« unft o Drapers,
And Dealers In Cents' Furnishing OocmIn,
7 GRAND AVENCE,    -    MILWACKEF.
rr. .i. im'MANN, cptter.
A. GEO. SCHUIiZ & CO.,
PAPER«BOX*MANUFACTDRERSr
122 & i2fi West water street.
^Milwaukee, TOls.
Manufacturer of and Dealer in
HARDWARE, STOVES, RAN6ES AND TINWARE,
tfo. 359 drove. Street,
MILWAUKEE.
HERMAN TOSER CO., Iftlfiofesafe Stiqttor Healers,
RECTIFIERS OP WHISKY AND IMPORTERS   OF  WINES   AND-SELZER  WATER,
485 East Water Street,           -           MILW AT*K EE.
SAMPLE ROOM.
FKED.    Z _A. IN" ID IE IE* ., —~* LIVERY   --
AND rNDRRTARr.lt. 509 BRO AD WA V.                                   IS-' K r, K V K XT 11 ST.
TELEPHONE t«f8-2.           JWlllOaultCC.           TELEPHONE  1HH-3.
_______Also Carriages Jor Parties.   Wedding*,   Etc.
""""""                              M. SCHWALBACH,
M i M'FACTCUER OP
dottier c &loth&t
<titd fttr < 'aluUunns. 42«» \»th si . htw \\ inuchairottYUet
If.    CHRONOLOGY OF LOCAL EVENTS.
\'iIU< I LH UAL SoriK'n. ihst organized. Jan. 28. 18N7 HWK OK MII.WAI KKK   first   hunk,   chartered   is!»i;   ho
business done and chattel  icpcalcd. 18K9 iU\K   RIU KKS:
Ccrmauia. <i   Papondiek cfc <"»•,   Ian    II.  1K;V>
llometiuaj's. Fob   12, 1850
Manufactuteis', June l.r». IKHI HW'KS, present, organized :
cloning litiitHf. !><•<•   1. 1808
J <Hlllllt'l<Mul.  |88.ri
Hist   National.  IKf»M ; succinic.|  Farmers' ami   Millers'.
organized 18ft:? Houghton Pros & Co . 1808 M;»r<»iall A: Ilsley. IK 17. Men-hunts Kxehauge, 1879: foimed b\  consolidation <»f
Hunk <•!' Ctiniincicc, organized 1809, and (tormun Kx-
• hungc Hank, organized 1S7<» Mil \>iiik.'i' N'Mtifttuil. 18lif>; succeeded Slat*' Hank of Wis-
< ousin. organized I8f»;i V.-itiniial Kvehango, I80f>; succeeded Hunk ol Milwaukee.
organized 1S:V» >.'<•<.n<| WmhI, lHf»»;; reorganized I860. .—f»ti»f« side Savings, 1808; succeeded Mh Ward Hunk, or-
gauized !>,»;«> Wisconsin Mat in" and Kiio Ins <'u  *. 1 *:¦•,<»;  to organized
185};
HKICK. first made In 18H.".; first used in bnitding, Bill 1888.
lilt I ix* Ks, spo t>agoa5
CANAL, Itoek Ittvor, commenced. July I, 18K8; opened, l>ee
1812; works transferred to theeltv. lH8fv. CKNS1S, t»r»t taken 1888, 700 inhabitants; government census, see page J?8                                                                         ,. CHAMHKK OK COMMERCE,  first opened at No. I Spring
street,  Nov. 22, 1858 : first hull on present  Kite opened,
Keh. 8, 1808; new building dedicated, Nov   18, 1880 CHARlTAHLK INST1TCTIONS. established :
Associated Charities, incorporated, Jan. Ill, 1882.
Bethel Home, August, 1808.
Deutsche ^esollsehuft, Mmv 24, I88n.
Home lor the Friendless, r)ov., 1807
Little Sisters of the Poor, building computed, 1885.
Protestant Orphan Asylum, Jan   I. 1850
St. John's Home for the aged, building erected 1877.
St. Ilona'a Orphan Asylum, May i», 1818.
St  Vincent's Infant Asylum, June 12, 1877
Wisconsin Humane Society, Dec 5, 1879. CHILI), first unmixed w bite,' Milwaukee Smith, girl, bom Oct . IKS*
KirstOennanM/ouis Hlcyer. born Dec 25, \Hi\7. CHOf K\{\ epidemics,  July and August,  1810,  KM deaths: July to Sept., IWrfi, over 800 deaths ; July and August 1854
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co.'s New Depot.
WW   VIKW, (bunded 18(H); i nc.orporated as village 1879. Iron works, organized March 8, 18(57; first rail rolled, A prll H, 1808; first blast furnace started April 10,1870. W >\ Kl> OK  II HALT!I,   established bv Common Council, Aug  1810; by act of Legislature April 11,1807; succeeded bv Health Commissioner, 18.78. Hn\KI> OK PI HLIC WoltKS, created 1869. HKK.WKllI KS, established: Lake, bv Owens Si Co   1840. South Side, bv J. H   Mover, 1841 Kmpire. bv Jacob Hcst, 1812: succeeded by  Phillip  Host
alone 1800 Hlalz's, bvJuhn Hrou t,l84(i; succeeded bvY HTatz,18.r)1.
Mi-nomi....... Vallev. bv Chun. Host, 1848; >uceeeded bv F.
Mil'-r. 1855. -Vh!ilz'< '»v A. Krug. 1819: suoo.ee-led i.v Jos. Schlitz, I8.V. Huvariti. by I    J;.»esund K. Kalk    :».rrfi Cream <iiv. bv Wehr.t Kosler, Im ..{ • ibermiiiiii's 1854 Menoinonce. h\ ^trohn A' Holtzon-lcin. 1854 :   purchased
1>\   \   (H'tleliiiuii. 1«71 I    Hi.rrhiMt A- ^oi    W7t    *uccccdcd by   hmg <Xc Horehort.
CHURCHES:
Baptist, organized, Nov 19, 1880.
(irand Ave church, put chased May, 1872. Catholic, first mass, Aug. 18K0 ; first regular priest, May, 1887 at. Peter's, first church buildiug in the city, 1889. St, John's Cathedral, corner stone, Dec. ft, 1848 ;  dedicated, July 81, 1858. St  Mnrv'H, first German, commenced April 19, 1819. St. (bilPs, dedicated, March 0  1870 St. Kraneis' church and Capuchin monastery, consecrated Keh. 8,1877. Congregational, organized Mav 2<>, 1841. Plymouth, dedicated. May 24,1S41 Spring Street, dedicated, Jan. 1.".. 1859. Hanover Street, dedicated Sent   1,1859. Olivet, dedicated, Nov. 25th,  »• <*: sold 1872. Episcopal, fir«t **>rvioe, Jan. 10  1-86 St. Paul, old, erected 1844; new building dedicated 1884. St John's, dedicated June 24, 18ftjt St  James*. < omplcted 1808; dedicated. April 19. 1871 All Saints' Cathedral, founded and building benight. 1872
40
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir asd Gdii>k.
ESTAPLlSflRD tS47.
F.  F. ADAMS & CO.,
^
THE FOLLOWING ARE  OITR LEADING BRANDS:
CHEWING.
TALLY-HO,
_ AROMATIC, MOSS ROSE, Pride of the West,
AMBER, Brother Jonathan.
SMOKING.
TOWER, EXCELSIOR, PEERLESS,
EIGHT HOUR.
STANDARD,
MINERAL RAN6E.
KKANCIH F   ADAMS.) IIKXKY V   AV'KKC      i
1, 3 & 5 Clybourn St. and 92 to 98 West Water St.,
MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Hoffmann « lillings Ifg. do.,
(LirkSITEID.)
OFFICE    -
— AND —
STOREROOM,
141-147
West Water Sfc
<§-
Machine Shop
— and—
Fouiroifir,
BECHER ST„
Between C. & N% W. and C. At. &St.P. R. R. Tracks.
'¦<         ¦» MA N UFA CTURERS OF *
^ BRASS AND IRON GOODS/3*
•     MILWAUKEE, WIS.
('HRO.VOI.OfJY  OK   Loi At.   KvfCKTO.
47
( HI Ki II KS. continued:
Lutheran. Trinity,   founded  is 17 .   building «l«*«li<-tit<M]
Apiil H. Ihno Methodist, Hist sen ice, June, ISJIT*
Summorficld. erected IHiu.
Vshnrv, erected 1863.
Urnxui V\e . dedicated. Oct   s. |s7t ProsbNterian,  first sen ice, Juh,  \sX>;   otgatii/cd   VptH l:i". IK.'i7.
Kii«t I'rosbytoiian. dedicated Jan  21. 1814: sold 1875
Oihary, erected 1870.
Immauuol, dedicated, Jan  i\, 1ST » I mtarian, organized* is n. ' U Its AND son \L OKOANIXA I'loNS : Uhletie Sooiet\ , March HI, 187<J Idi-Mdorluh. \pril, IKWi. burling club. Oct  20, I80f>. Iniviug Park Association, MmicIi _M. 1*77. <*crmairia, incorporated Fob   l'>, 180* Milwaukee club house, opened Ma> ;-ll, 1*81                        ,
Mitchell Rowing Club, 1800
m    \ud?*e\\s Sociotx. Jan. is, |Hf»<i; incorporated, 18T»7 V\ ;ti>-l < hih, 1X7*; Kitcccodod Chess Club, organized IS7.S
DOCKS lirnt built :
Dry, Wolf A- Davidson's, I'oh , 1877.
Floating, April, 1817 KI.WTION, t\tHt town, May is, !8H1>, first churlcr, A*>ri! 7.
1840; mad© biennial, 187;\                                  »
EXPOSITION,  Industrial Exposition Association^ Incorporated Jan. sir. 18H0; corner-stone of building laid May
14, 1881 ; first annual exhibit, Sept. (> to Oct 22, 1881 KI-K(THIC LK.UT, introduced at HohlUas Park, 1881 FIKK  DEPVRTMKNT.   organized April, 184G;   first  hand
engine, " Neptune*\ 1880;   tlrst Hteitm ongine,  Nov    10,
1801 ; alarm telegraph introduced 18(HK                        «*
FIR KM:
Samuel Brown's house, tlrst fire, Oct. 18550.
liathburn's mills, Jan. It», 1*44.
Cottage Inn, \pril 0, tsir>.    U»ss, !ff85,0OO.
Mills on the canal, Auk. 1. IKM.    I aw*. 925,000.
MeiriU'sHldp chandlery, March «, 1848.
Haw kins' pinning mill. May 17. 1K4U.    Uwm, fWMmo.
Now man's dry goods stote, Jan. 28, »8f»0
Oakleys livery stable, June, 18A0    rltv rccotds burned.
IVnnsyh anm Temperauw House, Juno! Ul, 1850   2(» horse*
bUMKMl.
Milwaukee Club House.
COMMON COCNCIL, first meeting, April Hi, 1840; divided into two bodies. Hoard of Councillors, and Board of Aldermen, 1858; division again abolished, 187ft.
CONTROLLER'S OFFICE, established 1852.
- o ROES' RLOOK fell, 1857.   Several persons injured
t'Oi'RT HOCBE, Old, built 1880, razed 1870; New. corner-stone hud, Sept. 7, 1870, completed bin. 22 18751, cost 8<>r>o ooo.
("OIKT llorsTC SQUARE, donated bv Juneau an<l Martin, Vug 7, 1C57.
••OI'RTS :
Firwt justice, i8Jtr».
I    s   Disirici. first session, luoe, IHB7.
Muiiicii>al (P«>lice>, est«ddisb(   I March IS. ISML
• I <T«>M HOI'SI established IS^>: for buildiua. sr»» Post Mtib-c                                                                           !
H\M  l.uib. 1HJ2    d»-s«ro>«-<|  Apiil 1.  1K<H"». !<•**« 91.<»mmmi ;   r<'-
'•Milt, it nd HKMill deslroVfHl  JHMJ piKFi TiHn,  Hrnl i—ncd. V,h   111. ISI7
FIRES, continued:
r>tirnher -yards and Norris' store, Jan. 18, 1851.   Loss,
!?8r>fooo. Young's block, Feb. 10, 1852.   Loss, $27,000. luigle brewery, Nov. U, 1852. Old North TMer warehouse, Feb. 5,1858. lligby pier, Oct. 10, 1858.    Loss, $75,000. Methodist, church, Jan. 14, 1854. Pole's house in 1st ward, 1854,   5 lives lost. Tufted States Hotel, Aug. 24. 1854.    Long, $400000. Milwaukee House. Dee. 28. ?«*:>.
Young's b1o< k. second time   . ine 21, 1859. Loss, $100,000. Wise. Bros   ^Tocerv, Fob. 14. I860.    Loss, $87,000. Hale's liven* stable, Miiv 15, 1800.   12 horses burned. Nichols' mill. Dee. 21». 1860     Loss. S29,000. rross' block, Doc HO, \H<\n    T^oss, 8100,000, In addition to
dtr  records  htirned  for the second  time.    ;*» lives
lost Scninan's furniture house, Jan  !!fl, 1861     T^>rs, ^5,o«V).
Caspak <fc Zahn's Souvenir and Guide.
sBWiHHnflMMr      ...................
RANDALL KINDS OF JEWELRY.
t---              "^^s-
Sfetfl

^'123WisconsHv
IVmilwaukee-wis>
C.  ARNOLD & CO.,
•^FURNITURE,^
285 WKST WATER 8TREET, .Hrwmrt  Mm! flan* RuMintf.    MIL \VA UKEE.
jaoob bustzzejzl,,
Importer, Rectifier and
• Wholesale Dealer in WINES, LIQUORS, &c.,»
No. MILWAUKEE,
1» Reed Street,
WISCONSIN.
^-•ArtiHtH' MuterinlH uu<l Art OoodH for becomting.*-^
Lat{i(.»t AKmirtmsnt of Studfcs to Rent.
Alw» Manufacturer of fjor.n,  Antiqi'k Ujconze, Metal
iiiidnll kinds of Hardwood Frames.
F.  WERNER,
iwi Broadway, Cor. Manon St.,   -   Milwaukee.         k£.
III. MIES,
CHBNT'g FURNISHING GOODS,
508 Nationa i, Avr. .       -       MIL WA UKEE.
TOBIBT & DOJSTNBI.LY,
wholesale dealers in
148 REED STREET, * Choicest Brands of Cigars.
MILWAUKEE, Telephone No. 1068.
CONRAD  BROS.,
And manufacturers  of Harness  and  Collar   Leather,
Office: At the Tannery on Commerce SI., formerly Canal,
(FOOT OP SHERMAN ST.)
________MILWAUKEE,                     WISCONSIN.
AUG. GREULIOH & SON,
_.y* WHOLESALE   ^   NATIVES   DEALERS IN T^c)----
:__: -^= 342, 344 and 346 FOURTH STREET, =___
Wine Rooms. 445 East Water St..               JVLjyj?JkJIJ^^,   WIS.
-AGENTS FOR—.
Cizpav* oKctran
CiiRONOixKiY op Local Kvents.
49
KIRFS, continued
\merican lloiH1, July l, lstii     Loss, $<H»,ooo   2 churches
hurtled. \llum>   Mull, Match. I. 1XI>2.    \a\sh. $75,000 Mimli Pro* " him! othet stores. Oct   s, |mi',-j     Lohh, f{K).iNNi •'iimn si«e| barrack*, fun   1. I wot.    it Uses lost. Black Warrior elevatoi, Sept   I. IHi»."»     Los«*. $50, nnn Ritehaid"v block.  Aim. J. IkiWI      L«»ss. ^JS.ihm) "?chram's block. Nov   hi. ISM     Lonn, SKT»,ik)o, Rertirhy's- mill, Oct, 12. ist»s     Loss, $:io.onO llumlMiiilt paper mills. July (5. 18M» •tiiii'ix 'healer.  Nov   Ir». isi"i«i     J lisesloM Dessm < dockers   <tnrc. March U«. lX7o.    Loss. #X5.ti00. -i   I'niil It. H   rejiaii  shops. March 2.H. 1X70.   Loss, $125,000. Holland Presbs let in» church, Jan  2*5. 1*71 hidd A: H.IU--4* sash  facbuy. Miirrli P.i. 1x71     1,ons. #76.nw l»\«t < taddlcry store,   \pril2, IX7\!    Loss, 8l22.ono St. JtitniN' church    Dec  ju», 1X72 luncan school. 1st ssard, Jan. II, 1x7:1 lUtil/.'s bressers.   \ujr   25. IX7:t.     Loss, £1 W.noe Kur/.'M haket s. June 22   1X71.    2 lis cm lost Rmpire sjove \\ oiks. Ann  21.1X77 Marshall Bros ' organ factors. May 7. IX7K 'Jieat Wc«tein tobacco (acton . Jut's «». 1X78    Loss, #5o.oti0. Zie.i:lei's rands   (actors. Nos    M, l*7X     Ia>xh, #.riO,un» Hitfh school, lVc   21, |K7«» I- tupirr bresvery, Dee   ^1. Ih7«».    Lomh. 225,ooo. « ••uiil\ hospital,   Feb.  1H. IHX0     2 liseslosl c  M A- St  P ICy ss<irk shops. June 22. lx*2    Lohs.&mi.ooo Friend Bhh * clothiiig store. Dec.:'.!. ixs2.    Loss, glon.nno Nosvhall House, Jan   10, fxxis.   Sec pa^eW standard Oil < o \s refinery, Sept   1:5. |xs:-i     Low*. i»5,noo
•  onsvay Mfg. «d.'s mill. Sept  2UI. |kk».    Loss. SHMI.iwmi. Cb unmans dry goods store. Oct  2it, isst.    Loss, Sfilo.ooo
• terman market,   No\   12,IXKl
Kmpire and Daisv Hour mills, D<<   s. ixxr,    |.i»«s. *?l."ai.iM»ii J'ni;.SIGNAL  No   1." established IX7X:  No  2. Isxn JpoRFST IIOMK ( F.MKTKRY. opctied Aug. .!. ls.\n FRK1B «;KMK1NI»K.   founded Aprfl 7. lsf.7. I-TUH'IYF <I*\VK   F.XC1TF.MKNT:
Joshua '.lover rescued b> citi/ens. March II. lx.M.
S. M   It ioth,   lender in   the icscue.   imprisoned Jan. 2:1, 1X55.   discharged   Feb.   K.   1855:    te nnested   March   I. ixtuiaud pardoned after about a seat i.\SU';ilT.  stierlH first lighted Nov   In. IK.VJ UKKM vNS.   tirst anisal. lx:t:»; fust colons. ixw t;L<>YKIt  RKSClK, M<>e Kngitive s|,iVe cxciti-menl • ;IMIN KLKVATOK. Hrn built, IHIH. 51ARHOK, we Jiage :u\
IIKM/ril  roMMISSloNKK, olli<e established IH7« HosiMT VI.S,  loutuk'd :
St. Mary's, IHM.t
Milssaukee (PaHsavant), ISJii.
•  iiy ( Pest HotiHO, IX7X.
t'ounty, rebuilt and opened, fall of |hk'2
Insane Asylum, opened March 'li\, IXHU IfoTKLS. <ipe'ned :
Vmerican Il<iusc, lxj:t
Axtell House, IW5U
(itv Hotel, Sept. 2H, 1X15: changed to Kirhy Hoiihc, isfifi.
tottage Inn, lx«f».
DeutseheH Hans, 1850
Metropolitan Hotel, 1WS5.
Milwaukee Ihntse, 1h:»7.
New hull lloitws Aug. Uti, ixr>7.
iMaukiiitoii IIoiiM'. Sept. IXW.
Republican  House, originally Washington House, Ixjmi.
St. Charles Hotel, lxf»X.
t'nitcd Stat«-s Hotel,  Dec   In, 1X|;\ HOISK OF COKKKCTION. estabiishetl lHiifi. INDIAN SCAKK, Sept.   I, 18K2.    Military  forccH called out
against an imaginary foe.
..................""""K    mi»i»  luitnt *,V7
•I   Feb.   II,
imiiuisi   1111 iimi^iiim \   nit-.
INDIAN TITKKS To LANDS, hco j»igt^27. JND1STU1AL H'UOOI.  KOK  (MUDS,  organize
!X7f»
INSfUANf'K lM'lLDIN<.\«ihl, erected 1870; now, 1886. 1NSU<AN<'K COMPANIKS. orgatii/ed :
Concordia Kirn, March, 1X71.
Milssaukee Mechanics' Mutual, Feb., IXf>2.
Northssestern Mutual Life, March "2, 1S57.
Northsvestern National, Feb 2t», IXtiU. l,\\DS\l,F,   at   ii'wii   Hay,   Aug.,   IKHTi:   odlcc opctu-d  at
Mils\uuke.e, Sept. Ifi, ISW; great sale, Feb. Iti. 1XHU. I.IHKXKIKS: Y. M. \  organized Dec x,  1X47, incorporated March x, ix.ri*j : librai v tiansferrod to tin   city,  March X, 1X7X.
Public libiary   act   passed  Feb  7.   IX7X: opened Julv X, IX7X: removed to present building, May 1, IS80.
l,asv I.ibiatV Anhoi iatioii, organiz*- » Nov. 24, IXtil). I IKK s\\|\'i; STVTIoN. established  \la>   I, 1X77 I l«.11 1* Hoi >MS. erected at   Hie head  of VViscoiiKin si!    <|.
ls;:s    Noith Point   IX"i.'«;  North-em beacon. Ixtiti, discon-
mm.....I, 1ST:..    Plel   Head. IS7L'
t\!l      lii-l  .lails . lit t  Mil :ii:i>.   Nns     P*.  ISI:".
• u: 1»I '.in* • u;ni\ m    i . 1. •• i^;-.
MA HI NIC DISASTERS:
Milwaukee, utr., henrhed July I, 1841.
I'htvtiix. Htr.. hnriied Nov. 21, IM7.
Nile, wtr., huriHMl Sept. f\ 1HW.
SehiiHloiw>l, »lr., svrwked Sept. 17, 1855.
Alleghany, atr., sx reeked Oct. 27, I85(i
Lady Biffin, bU\, loPt Sent. X, 18<to.   «ck? page iH>.
Parana, hark, wrecked Mav, i», 18»4.
P. W. BaekttH, Mtr., bunted Nov. 25, I8fid.
Senhinl, sir., burned April 8, 18K8.   Two perwmn wivecK
Imv Ui Belle, xtr , foutidered <H«t. 14, 1872.
Irnnrddefl, xtr., svreeked Sept. 14,. I87R.   28 lives \w\
Merchant, atr., foundered July 25. 1874.
Tanner, bark, wrecked Sept. K>, 1875.
John A. Dix, atr., partially hunted Sept. 2, 187.4 Alpena, ntr., femndered Oct. 1«, 188U. iKt lives 1 St. AthiutH, ntr., foundered Jan. 81, 188!
lost.
Wetzel, Dtg, exploded Oct. 28, 1882.   H lives lo*t K. s. Peters, str., wrecked Dec. 2, 1x82.    18 lives lost M \WtKK:
184ti—SoHmton Junenu
1847-  II. N   Wells.
1848-  llvion Kilhoum IH4il-fiA~l)  A  .1   Ppham 1851- <;eo. II. Walker.
18fi8-F.dw. O'Neill. 1864—A Inter Kirhy. 18fi5-flf>— J. .1  Tn 1 Imadge 1867-tW—Kclw. O'Neill. 1870—Joseph Phillips 1871-   Harrison Lmllngton. 1872—David (i   Hooker 187:t-7C>— Harrison l.udlngtoii 1876-78—A   U \\   Butler, 1878-80—John Black 1880-82— Thos. H. Brossn. 18*52-^4—John M   Stossell. 1884-88— Eutil Wallber
1852— Hans Crocker. 185.V~<ie(»  II   Walker. 1854—Hyrou KilbOwrn. 185.Vr>7—Jas  B Cross 1858--Win. A. Prentias IH.MI—II   I.  Page I860— Win. P  I.ynde 1x61—Jas. S. Brown 1862—Horace <'Untie. MKNOMONKK VALLEY IMPBOVKMKNT commenced 1809. MKUCHANTS' ASSOCIATION, organized March, 1861. MILITIA:
Light <;u«r<ls, organized July 9, 1855; etillste<l for the
war, April, 1861; re-organized Dcc~8f 1867 ;  disbanded
1X76 Light  Horse Squadron, organized June, 1880:   armorv
built, 1885 Sheridan tiutird, orgnuized June 23,1869. Washington  <iuards,   Ornt  tnilitarv  organization.  Jan.
1845: disbanded, 1X52 MILLS, first built :
Sasv mil) at Humboldt, 1835: on the canal, 1843. Flour mill, on the canal, 1843 : steam, Sept. 26,1847 Woolen mill. 1843. Paper mill, 1840. MILLS, FLOCKING, built :
citv, by Kathbonc, 1844: sold to \V. C  Durum, 1870 Ka«le, by John Anderson, 1844; sold to J. B. A   Kern, 1858. Kmphc, bv  Merlbery tt Hoover, 1846: sold to S II. Sea-mans it Co , 1880. Milsvuukee Milling To., 1878. New Km, by it Stern, 1879. PhuMiix, bv Comstock & Chase, 1848;  succeeded bv K.
Samlersoii SlCo , 1850. Reliance, hv<« A J. L Burnham, 1853; succeeded by c.
Mimcffold tvi Son, 1878. Star, bv II. Nuniiemacher, 1877 MITCHKLL liPlLDINCJ, completed February, 1878. MHH10CM,  organized as the  KtiKeltnaiiti   Museum,  May 6, 1857; transferre<I to the city, 1882;  opened as the Public Museum, May 24,1884. MTSICAL SOCIETIES, organi/.ed : Ariou Musical Club, Nov. 20, 1^77 Deutscher Mariner-Vereiti, July 23, 1863 Liederkran/,, Jan 21, 1878. LlcdcrtHiel,J.iily23, 1858 Milwaukee Musical Society, May 1, 1850;  first concert,
May 25, 1850. NEWSPAPERS, issued:
Advertiser, July 14,1836, chunked 10 Courier. March 27.
1841: last number June 2, 1847 Banner und Volksfrcuini, sec Wisconsin Banner. Catholic Vindicator, Nov  3, 1870: changed to Catholic
Citizen Nov. 15,1878 Columbia, January, 1873. Commercial Advertiser, .Tune, 1818; dully 1840: changed
to News, 1854 Commercial Herald, May 17, 1843—March, 1845 Commercial Times,  Dec, 1871:   consolidated  ssith the
News, 1878. Courier, see Advertiser Daily Gazette, Oct  1845— Feb 17, 1846. Daily Journal, Nov  16, J882 Daily Life, duriuc the War. Daily News, M;ia 31,1854;  channel to Republican und
Ncsvh. Jan  3.1881; consolidated with the Sentinel. Mav
18. 1882. "Kvenhiff Wisconsin. June 8. 1847 Kvi.lsior. Sept. 8. 1H8*.
50
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir and Gutok.
•e
>W. TOEPFEE & S0NS,*«<f*
MANIFAr'T! KKRB OF-
DCMPING^ STATIONARY KttN FXOORS,
Kiln Loading Spouts and Trap Doors, Ma^h Tobs, Tanks, Coolers,
CD
1 g
80, 82, 84, 86 and 88 MENOMONEE STREET,
Milwaukee,
rMIaO/fc UBIo-o-se a»Txci Bre w&x?y Worlt a, S;peo±a,Xt;;y-..
"H


W. C. l'Al L.
PAUL &c SHAPE,
C. T. SHAPE.
DEALERS IN
Fhotographie gtoek f Artists' Materials,
REFINERS OF GOLD AND SILVER WASTE.
Chronology op Local Kvrnts.
SI
\l W -I* MM lis.  continued:
I r.«i- Democrat. I«4«.»; daily Sop'   K 1H50:  discontinued
l*'d I i. {<(• nki t.   vpril I. IH72 ) !. i.- Pio*«e. lone, 1M7H
'•• tniMiiiii. luue 18. 1873, rluiiiKiMl t«i ui<i>kl\  \u«. l,]s7K. M. r..|.|. S.j.i   21. l+;i
•- «imi ,1 «.| i omincrcc. No\    14. 1806—1880 !,?<I<<miii.  Mhv :mi. |ST4 ; mo\od to  Milwaukee, Maieh J.".   I<7<
-.-.•»...t,.. .fun -j. i«r»i
>• siiin.-l. luni'lT?. IK.H7 ; daih . Dee. 9. IK44 -midny 'Ii-lrumpli.  Dec   1. I87s.
\\ >i*«tii«cin iwiiiitft. Sept 7 1844: daih. Jan. 12, 1850: • iiiiiiu'*'*IIi>IIiiiiii«*i mid Ymkslrcuud. 1K.V»: M»|f| to Kreie
I ••!•»:v,..   HMO
'Ai-«oiisjii Lo«ial X.-M«i. Sept  2Ji. 187K-   lul\ :\. 1884.
*i <i»i!!«4 «hunhmatt, 1870. ••I D -I- ITI.I Ks- t LI p. organized Jnl\. 1869 I'M K   \«. lOi sl-:s. established:
I': .nkim..n A  \imnnr, 1848
I a-, t.hi A < .. . mti.'t
!•   M« i..../ h. |M«o 1M   M  I    'III HI! \ I MiX ol   (li......iiiihii   Mctotic.4  out   the
I J. u. It.   Vjuil 10, 1*71 I' \-M \«.I'K   M'TMTS. erected .
M :'.\iiuk»'f ntt'l Mississippi   (out of :U] S« . Jx;'.n
I ;i « k»<v,»„iii| Milwaukee, ::<l Street, is.-.:;
i M!..n. i:... -I st , iHi;t;
*  liuauo himI \..f thwcstoru. ?•ml of \\ iweousiu >t.t ls7;i ' i.:«mi:i.. Milwaukee and si. Paul. Kvoieit Street, issi;
I  Ml MIA'I- iiurodmcd: < uhhlo stone,  is..I:  Wood,   |s«il ;
h.'...I\.i     \\..i..|.    1*72:    Nicholson   .v   Thilmum     lsT.'t:
' • -<l.ir l.|..< k. 1*7'.':  Dif^cd stone,  |ssj IM  \\I\IIii\|muMI'\NIKS  orimni/ed :   Untcitou u,   |h|»;:
Liu.-\ ill. .  isjs     l.isiH.u.  ls;»n:   Waukesha.  Isftn ; Jond
• In Lac,  1^M>.
!•'»• (i I) |«»|;< K   ..luaiii/r'l Oct    I.   |s,V»:   tcorgitm/.cd Max
I'.   1^2    old central station eie* ted  )n:>7.   new  central
!.i!i..n, :-"l: Smith and West side station*, 1*77-.   mImiiu
>•> o.'in introduced .Ian , 1KH2 l'ii-i' ul'Kli I-*., established tK!if»; new building commenced
\l i\ 1   K>.  occupied Imi  1. IKf.9. eost.ftl7;»,0UU: branches
..piii.it  .1 nI\,   IHM-J.      Letter cantor system   introduced
Imi   I. lv*i!i; iiiniic\ -<»r«l«>i department, <>rt. I, IKHI. PKulM'l Li-Its, thst IhihIimI, •• VaiidiiUii".   isil!: /list Imili.
\l!i i;huti\ ", IH.rni i: \l I W \ YS, orKiinixfil :
Milw aukri» ami MissisMippi, sit pa^r .'!7 : complrtrd In Milimi. IH.VJ; to MaditMiu. Mnv 21. ISM; to I'riiiilc du < hi.n. April 15, |Sa7
MilwaiikriMind I'rairii'dii rhi(>ii. iiH'orponilrd Apr il II, lsiii»: purchasi'd picrciliu^ ioa<l,.lau. 21, iHiil.
I ;i < ios«« ami Miluaukcf. iurorporatfd April. IH:".2: (liiiiiKcii to Milwauki'f, Komi du Lm» and <i'n»<m Ha\ l{ K. to, |K:M; romplrti'd to Horiccm, 1M'<\, !«;"»*»; (o La t'lossr, Ort. I I, ISftH
Milw niik«*(* an<l Watmtown, incorporated ^farch II, lK;"d: imupli'lrd from ltrooklifld to tX'onomowor, !)<•<•. I;'», Is.".I; liiWiilcrtown, oh. 1, lHfif., chaiiKcd to Mihvau-k-i'iiiwISt. I'iiiiI H H.f'n., .hiuuM, IMtH ; pitnthumMl the prrcrdinuf road ftoin Portage? to La Crotw', lHtit, and from Milwaukee lo PnrtuKC, I8r»7.
Milwaukee and SI. I'aul, or^ani/cd tor purchaHiiiK all prccfdiiiK lim's, Slay ft, !«<»{, Imilt to ('hira^o, and « luunrcd toftiicaijro, Milwaukoo and St. P. H'vc'n., Kch., I«7r..
('liicHK(> },,'d Milwaiikots incorporated March Mi, IHftl. o|hmumI May 1U, IHftft.
< liicaKuund Northwestern, or«ani/cd .Tune 8, 18;">i»: purchased preceding line, 18fif»; "y\ir Line" opened to Kond du Lao, 1878; Madison branch opened IHSl.
Wisconsin Central, eoimneneed June, IM71 ; ope nod t<i Ashland June, 1H77 : leased Milwaukee and Northern K. It., coinpleK'd IH7:i; liranch to St. Paul opened Jan. I'.i, IH85; to Chicago, 1HH(».
Milwaukee,  Lake Sh<ir<i and Western, first organized as I he Manitowoc, and Mississippi, 185fi; re-organized with present, nahie, 1S70; completed to Ashland, 188ft. 5:i;LIA.\'CJC IKON WORKS, established Mav, 1H17. i;H»T>:
.   M. Smiih's house mobbed March I, 1Hft().
Lcahv riot hi 1st Methodist church. April <i, 1851.
La Crosse and Milwaukee It.'R. laborers' riot, Julv 11, iKft::
Hank riot, .lime 21, IKfil, see page 8<>
\.\ mhing «.f Marshall Clark, a neg-<». Sept. 7, IKfil.
Kight hmir labor iiuitntion, May !i-     1K8»> i;uci<  UIVKR CANAI . see page 80. -i III. IT//  PARK, opined May 2JJ,   ixxn:   sunimer lhi:i,<i,
..poned Mav 1*.». lKK'J
SCHOOL  COMMISSTONKR8,  Board  orgriint»od   1846;    re-
organised nud oflleo of Superintendent crented, 1859, SCHOOLS KHTAIil.IHHKI): Concordia College, 1880. <;entmn-KngltHh Aeiidemy, Mav, 1851. Heth's, first hcIhkiI hi the oiM .*IHSTi. MarquetteCollene, Sept.. tKsi. Mayor's Commercial College, 187fl.
MilxMinkoe Aoadotny. 18M ; changed to Mark ham Academy, 1K77. Milwaukee College. Sept. 14,1K48 : building erected, IKft'j.
re-oigauixod. 1K74. Mihvaukn' Kimlergarten Association, 1874. National (iennan-Auiorienn Teaeherp' Seminary, 1878. Nohe- Dame convent, Oct 8, IKftt. Pio Nono College, 1871.
Public, first, IKMi; High school, I8ft7, discontinued I860, ro-ostablished Jan, lKtW;   Normal nrboo!, Nov. 1871: Public   Kimlergarten,   IK7<»;    KvenlnR   whooln,   Hrwt opened Nov. 22, IKKO. y St. Franofs Sctninnry, Jan. 2i». IKftfi. SpeiK'erian Rusiness College. IKtWI. State Normal School, IKKft.
Ttochtci-IuHtltut, Madame Anneoke's school, 186fi. SKCUK.T ORHKRS. Ilrst tirganl/.ed :
\morlcan Legion of Honor, M ihvuukee CoiuieU 169,1880. Ancient ordet of Cnited Wot kmen, Schiller U>d'o  No.
21. March 2-'l. YTf, DiuiiM, W i«coi.islu Oiovo No. I. Aug. ft, lHftti. Kree Muhoiih. Mil\\auk«'<' Lodge No. 22, July ft, IK|«. Hiitugaii. Wis. Oraud 1<<hIko, April Ifi. IKtiL Hetmauussa-hue,  Milwaukee Lod^e No. 1, April 20, 1848. KuightHor Honor. Milwaukee Lod«e No. !UM», Junel'J, 1870. ICuightM of P> thins. Milwaukee Lodye No   1, Sept. <J, 1K70. odd Kellows. Slate orand Lodge, liiiiei), 1K47 ;  Kxeelsitrr
Lod«e No. 2i>, July 2i», IK|7. lto\ai Arcanum, Alpha Council No. 43. !>eo. 2i>, IH77. ShiN M. HTVTION, estahiishe<t  No\  . |K7<» 'IV^'OI.I>I Kits*  IIOMK. great fair t'nr huildlug fund. June 2K to Jnlv k, isr»ft;   local association dissolved and   National as\butt opened Mav 1, lKf.7. SOLDI KRS' RKC'NION. Juno 7-11, IKK0. STAOK<'0\<'II TO CUICAOO, commenced running weekly,
March, IK-?fi. ST\TK KMK. first held. Oct   2. IKftft sTA'ITKtlF W\SHIN<iTON. by Parks, presented bv Miss
K.H/aheth A. Plaiiklnton, unveiled No\. 7, tKPft. S'HM'K  YARDS, established 1K70. T'|MM.M.T imiWWH.   first  introduced.   Kast Side. M'IYJOTl,
isiwi; Wesf Si^h>- tsfift. SYNAtJOtJCKS HKHICVTEP:
Teuiplo IPnc .b'shurun, Sept. 10, 18ft{>.
Temjile Kmanu-KI, Aug. II, 1K72. STKA.M'HOATS. first pi<»<*un»d, see page 81. TKLKJJRAPH, first message from Chicago, Jan. ]ft, 1818. TKLKIMIONK KXCHANfiK, opened IK7U. THKATRICAL   KNTKItTAINMKNTH.   Hrst  English. "Shy-look", Sept. 27, IKI2: first Oorman, Feb. 11, 18ft0. TirKATKRS, opened:
Academv of Music, Jan. 81, 180ft.
Albany Hall, about IKftft.
tJardner'H Hall, IKftO.
(iraml Opera Ihiuse, Bept. 17, 1871.
Rice's Theater, "As you like it ". Nov. 29. 1848.
Stadl-Theater, Oct. 21,1808.
Young'H Hall, April 8, 18fi8. TITRNKR SOCIETIKH:
Bohemian, July 2,1879.
Kast Side, Aug. 11, 1869 : hall built, 1870.
Milwaukee, July 18, lv53; old hall built, 1884: new halt dedicated Jan. 21,1883.
North Hide, Oct. 1,1869: hall, corner stone May 21,1871. dedicated Hept. 30,1880.
South Side, Aug. 8,1868, hall built 1869.
Tcutonia, first in the city, June 9,1852.
Vorwierts, Jan. 6,1880: hall dedicated March 11,1883. VESSELS, first landed, "Chicago Packet ", 1828; first built, .        "Solomon Juneau", 1836. AWARDS, established:
1st loftth, 1846:                             10th, 1872:
6th, 1856 ;                                       Hth and 12th, 1873;
7th and 8th, 1856;                        13th. 1874;
t     9M1.1857;                                       14th. 1885.
JVATER WORKS, authorized by Legislature, 1871: pumping
works started, Sept. 14. 1874:   Board of Commissioners
dissolved June 1,1875 ; West Side pumping works, erected. 1878. WEST MILWAUKEE R. R. SHOPS built 1879-1880. WHEAT,   first load purchased. 1839      Irst shipment, 1841;
lirst direct shipment to Europe l>i -^hooner "Dean Richmond ", July 21   b*)56.
Caspar & Zaun's 8oitvrnir and Guidk.
A
IttA.Nf K4CTf REIl OF PINK
Carriages, I;            IJlJagoris ^
Sleigh*.
Heavy Trucks,  Light Delivery
A.V1> A 1,1.  KINDS OK
BREWERS' WAGONS
A.  SPSJOtALTT. 407 to 413 Poplar Street—^
392 to 398 Fourth Street,
Telephone 608.
:  KSTARI.IHHKII   1K.1I. :—
R. P. ELMORE &-C0.,
IiKAI.KUH  IN
COAL
COKE AND PIG IRON,
AIho Cement, Stuceo, Fin* ftrick, FlroClny, Bakers' Tile, l)mii» Tilo, Foil miry KiirnixhiiigH, wood, &<\
MAIN OFFICE:
400 Sast "^7v7"a,ter Street,
Yard J, Ml to .*.'// Hirer Street, ••    .1, tin to IU South Witer St. "     '#,  Ekvntor /•; Slip,
J^IL-VCr^-TJKZEIEJ,   -   "WIS-
Shooting Park!
1323 THIRD STREET.
(WARLRU (lOtiRKK, Lessee.
Henry J. Pauily.
MSA I.Kit  IN, HAHD ANI> «OFT
COAL
Also: WOOD, LONG, SAWED or SPLIT.
Corner Oneida and River Sts. Wood by the Cargo,           Telephone 369
PHILLIP  GROSS,
WHOLESALE AND KftTAHj
mmt stoves
— AND —
House BPuroisfving <$ood*,
11© <te^.ia G-racaad. Are. T^XX^rj7<A,xrJSZJSJS.
-       -J.  J±.  BECHEE,^-
JReal JEstate 0® Jpinaneial JLgentf
______224 and 226 GRAND AVENUE, (Rooms 9 & IO,)
-----^Hir-7 -¦"••    Betwoen Second and Third Streets ; "see Birdseye View on opposite pnjere J»®- =----------=====-----
Mamifaeturer t»f Jill kiuds of
PHILIPP   WEIMER, Rectifier & Wholesale Denier in
^WINES AND LIQUORS.** !     -' MhP*r* ******
¦   ,„..,,     ,"".            -.,................,;,------       I   STORE AND  OFFICE   FURNITURE.
423 >ntlonnl Arc,    -   Milwaukee. Wis.                 ;              3M ,,„,; 3S1 lMke ^      .       jmmutee.   Wh.
D. FISHER & CO.,
OPERATIVE CHEMISTS.
Manufacturers of Flavoring Extracts,
VnfHiiHa tuul   Mulii unit. SjuI'inUii», 110 & 112 Huron Street  MILWAUKEE, WIS.
-:&o::L-w-^Tjr:B^E:E3~
CASH
Wholesale BOOT & SHOE
ATKINS, OGDEN & CO,,
3       .------—,----   17| and 17f> West Water St
Milwaukee Illustrated. — Birdseye View IT.
Looking North from Grand Ave. to Chestnut Street.
54
Caspar A Zaun's Souvenir and Guide.

CI
m.    COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES.
HPHE situation of Milwaukee on one of the great inland I      lakes, with a rich and well settled country stretching back of her for hundreds of miles, is exceptionally favorable for commercial purposes.   These natural advantages ,    Imve been immeasurably enhanced by  public and private enterprise in affording ample facilities for communication |    with   the  interior and  the cheap   transportation of  its products to the shore,  whence all the great marts of the |     world  can   easily   be   reached.     The  earliest efforts to |    develop the capabilities of the embryo city, by the construction of a safe harbor and railroad   lines to the west j     have already been described  in the first division of this |    sketch, and the work begun with so much difficulty has |    been going on ever si nee, and has contributed to the building up of a city of metropolitan importance.    The former is \    now the safest and most commodious inland harbor on the whole continent and miles of docks extend along the old river banks and the canals that have been constructed for j    draining-the marshes along the Menomonee and Kinic-1    kin nick,  transforming the dreary  wastes of cattails and wild rice into solid ground for the erection of an ever increasing number of manufacturing establishments.   The little line of rail to Waukesha has grown until there are I    now fully 10,000 miles of completed railroads radiating north, west and south from Milwaukee, directly tributary to the city and traversing a country abounding in natural products of every description.
For a long time, aH is commonly the case in a newly settled country, the staple produce' of this vast region was grain, particularly wheat, and, in consequence, the grain trade of the city assumed such magnificent proportions that, only a few years ago, it would have been an unpardonable omission to say anything about the commerce of Milwaukee, without referring to her proud position as the greatest primary wheat market of the world. The removal of the great wheat fields farther westward and the consequent tendency toward a more diversified agriculture in the older parts of the country immediately around Milwaukee, have shorn her of these laurels, in the same manner as Buffalo, Cleveland and other cities before her have been deprived of this particular preeminence; but the trade in breadstuff's of all kinds is still the mainstay of Milwaukee's commercial fame, a large share of the wheat that formally served to swell the grand total of receipts being now ground up by the immense milling establishments to the west of the city and shipped east in the form of flour.
Mainly for the regulation of the grain trade, but also for the development and fostering of other commercial and manufacturing interests of the city, an association was organized  on the 22d of October, 1858, which has become known as the Milwaukee Chamber of Commerce and has, in no small degree • contributed to the remarkable growth of a large city within so short a distance from its powerful and pushing neighbor on the south.   The first meeting of this association, then counting less than fifty members, was held November 22d, 1858, in what is now No. 1 Grand Avenue, and continued at this place until February 3rd, 1863, when new rooms were taken possession of in a building erected for the purpose by Alexander Mitchell and S. M. Ggden.    When the association, in less than 15 years,  had outgrown even t/ie.s* accommodation*, the former gentleman erected for its use, on the same site, the present magnificent hn tiding, which wan formerly opened November 18,1880.    The number of members is now, April 1886, 620. The following is a usfc of the presidents of the Chamber of Commerce, mtsce its organization: L. J. IliKbv,  18fitf>,o, -John Bradford, 1850--JO, — Horatio Hill,  1860-1, — Daniel New hall, 1861-2, — S. T. Honker, 1H12 :i,     .1. .J.'l dlmodge, 1863-5, — Win. Young, 1865-7, — John Plankinton, 1867-8, — Edward
56
Caspar <fc Zahn's Souvenir a_nd Guidb.
EflTARI.IHHKI'
?H- ^l. BLOEDEL, ~K*
ill
186 8
lOe GRAND AVENUE, Opposite Planklaton House.
I  CAKKY   A   IsAfttlY.   ANI»  WlCII, HF.IF.<TKI> S|(i(K   <»F                     ----------
-Diamonds, Watches, Clocks, Fine Jewelry, Silver Ware, Gold and Sliver-Headed Canes, Etc.,-
ani> ruri:i: riiF.M  w Spmiu   Low Prk ks      \ M.~f;o(»I>S \\ ARK VXTFh
fyrtjlfooothi
4.
36« to «73               .^) 5175 •>-.
GROVE ST.      GROVH ST.,
Hoi Til SI1>K                     >                   S<»1 I" .^II'K.

«**>-
SUPERINTENDENT.
I too ins I, 2 & :t, Foster Block,
Corner Grand Avenue and Fourth Street, MILWAUKEE.
**•-
TIEUE
SEWING MACHINE COMFY.
G. H. WOLCOTT, Manager.
Machines.at Wholesale and Retail.
134 Grand Avenue, Igg-Agents Wanted.       MILWAUKEE, WIS.
H. ROLFS CIGAR MANUFACTURING CO.,
MANI'FACTVRERS OF 117 CtlNTON B%.         -           -         MILWAUKEE.
TELEPHONE No. 11.
DEGUENTHER'S
{] Steam • £mut&ri}t w
509 A 511 Knst Water street.
Garpe/es, Hartmann & Co.,
*                   Manm vm w ijfijh ami I>i;ai,krs in
TRUBKS ^ TRAIfELIlie BAG
OF^ICK AXI> SAIiKSKOOM:
•AM <f- -Uti tUtst miter Street.
FACTORY :
217, 219, 221, 223 & 225 SIXTH STREET, Sfltifvuciufie*.   Wb.
PHOENIX TANNERY.                  S'FAR T VXNERY.
Canal, Foot of Sherman St.          ku I to W3 North Water St.
Albert Trostel,
(Of the. late firm of Trosttl A Gallan,)-------
-MAN! FAf'TINKIi OF-
Black & Russet Harness, Saddle & Collar
LEATHER,
Orainl Wax Upper, Kip% Calf Skins,
OrprcfK and Store, No. 104 West Water Street,
TELEPHONE 80.1-2.             MILWAUKEE,  WIS.
• JOHN MEUNtER, •
GUNS and SPORTING GOODS,
2ta West Water Street,   *   3Kifa**ttktte, Wts*
A. ASMUTH & CO.,
SHIPPERS & GRAIN MERCHANTS,
BARLEY A SPECIALTY.
UO Oregon Street,
mLWAVKEE,  WIS.
^otto opimiTeoiH:,.-*-
•flsiiiu m nun % aid • tinmm a wens,
-----) Establishei> 1855. (——
246 West Water Street. MIXWATTKBB, WIS.
Thk Orain Tradk of Mif.WAr
KKK.
Sanderson, 1868-9. - Angus Smith, lK69-7i,-F. H. West, 1871-3, - O. J. Hale, 1878-5, - Neton Vankirk, 1875 7, -Charles Ray, 1877 0, — Michael Bodden, 1879-81,-~Chas. F. Freeman, 188M,— Kolnrt Kliot, 1HH.S-5, —,|ohn.I«diiistonf 1885 7.                                                                                        !
In an nddrcHH at (he dedication of tbe new rhamlier of Commerce, Mr. Johnston referred to the origin and development of the wheat trade of Milwaukee in the following words: "Wisconsin, little <»\er thirty years ago, raised scarcely enough wheat for its own food, and the means of conveying any local Mirplus to market were very deficient There were as yet neither plank-roads nor railroads. The price of grain scarcely justified the hauling of it by wagons over ungraded roads, unb ridged streams and undrained sloughs for distances varying from twenty to seventy miles, and many a pioneer farmer can tell how on Iih return home from a journey to Milwaukee with a load of wheat he found that the expenses of the journey had exhausted the money he received for his grain. A Racine county farmer informed me the other day that at thetime when the Cathedral was being built (1847-1852) he hauled wheat to Milwaukee and sold it for 35 cents per bushel. The first load of wheat which ever entered Milwaukee was received it\ 18:*(», anil brought 50 cents per bushel. The first wheat sent from Milwaukee was shipped on July 8, 1&41, on the schooner 'Illinois', Jonas Pickering, captain, and consisted of" a" cargo of 4000 bushels. It took three days to load it. With our present facilities for handling grain, -1,000 bushels can be shipped in about fifteen minutes. The construction of the Red Warehouse, in which a single horse did the elevating, was considered a great advance in the manner of handling grain,  and still  more of an advanoe was^he
___.                                                                                                                                   Bine Warehouse, for in it
t wo horses were used! Even as late as 1858, when the population of Milwaukee was over 25,000, the shipments of wheat had not reached a million of bushels per annum." The receipts of wheat continued to increase, the blockade of the Mississippi river during the civil war nearly doubling them at one bound, until they attained their highest point on the crop of 1873, the combined receipts of wheat and flour being over forty millions of bushels. For storing the enormous quantity of grain daily arriving in Milwaukee for sale, shipment or local consumption, there are ten large elevators with a storage capacity of 5,630,000 bushels. Nevertheless, these immense receptacles have lately been so completely filled during the winter, that it has been found necessary to press into service vessels wintering in the harbor for holding the surplus grain, and it is therefore contemplated to speedily erect an additional elevator with a capacity of 800,000 bushels.
The following table exhibits the total receipts and shipments of wheat at Milwaukee annually since the commencement of collecting statistics by the Chamber of Commerce .
Angus Smith & Co's Elevator
YKAR-8.	Rkckiptn.	HlflPMKNTS. M 3,994,213 .]
1858....	4,876,171	
1850....	5,580,681	4,732,957   '
I860....	9,108,458	7,568,608
1861....	15,930,706	13,300,495
1862....	15,630,995	14,915,680
1863  ...	13,485,419	12,837,620
1864  ...	9.147,274	8,5*92,479
1*65  ...	12.043,850	10,479,777
1H66 ...	12,777.557	11.IW4.740
1HH7     . .	fj .528.464	9,r.08.452
YKAKS.
J1868 ... 11860....
1870 ...
1871  ... 1872....
1873 ...
1874 .. 1875. 1876 . 1*77 .
Rkckipjs.
12,75 1,578 19,745.238 18,883,837 15,686,611 13,618,959 28.457,937 25,628,143 27,878 727 18,174 817 19.814.949
SmPMKNTS. ;     YEARS.       RKCKIITK.     ! 8HIP.MK.VT8.
9,878,090 14,272,799 16,127,888 13,409,467 11.570 565 24,994,266 22,225,380 22,681.090 16,804,394 18,298.485
1878.
1879.
1880 11881. '1882 11883 |1884. 11885.
" i
'21,763,312 10,649,352 11,756,463 10,176,098
' 8,058,422 9,278,922 J'*, 198,922 12,658,559
17,254,453 15,060,222 9,952,620 7,992,665 2,193,589 8,109,439 7,187,838 8,275,977
58
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir and Guijdb.
The National Sawyerfest will attract great singers to Milwaukee from all parts
of the country; but the greatest SINGER is here now, and has come
to stay.    IVe refer to our
NEW "IMPROVED FAMILY" SEWING MACHINE.
T3E3CB3   BB3SO?   3S^LA.COE3:i3SrE3   IBBVJiEH,   JMfATXgL
Call at our office, and see the \       THE SING&R MANUFA C'TURING CO.,
latent and the best.
No. 236 West Water Street, MILWAUKEE.
ESTABLISHED 1807.
S   BlKKENWAI.D & CO.,
140 West Water Street,
N."
MILWAUKEE,   WIS.
BUTGHER TOOLS AND SUPPLIES,
CASINGS for Sanaage Makers.
FINE CERVELA T(Summer) SA USAGE & SALAMI.
DEALERS IN
^^.isro^r geoceeibs
IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC CHEESE, ETC, ETC.
C.  W.  HILBKATII.
TIIEO. O. HAATMAJNN.
Real Estate and MoQej Inlm,
INSURANCE AND PASSAGE AGENCY,
Office, 150 REED STREET, South Side, MILWAUKEE, WIS.
We Bell,   Buy mid   Exchange   Real Estate,   Negotiate
LoaiiH, Kffect insurance, and Hell Passago Tickets
to and from Europe at Lowest Kates.
All Notarial Business will Receive Prompt Attention.
TELEPHONE No. 485.
JOHN P. GOELZ & CO.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
293, 295, 297 & 299 West Water St.
(SECOND WARD BANK  BUILDING.)
MILWAUKEE,       -      WISCONSIN. >— DIETRICH & ADAMS,------1
MANUFACTURER® OF
Superior Rubber Stamps of all Kmtls
-------ALHO DKALRKh IN —
AMATEUR PRISTISH PRESSED TYPE, CARDS, Etc.
f.l'DINfJTON'R  UUM7K.
Oor. E. Water & Wisconsin St a., Milwaukee.
W'M. CrERLACK.                                           GEO. W. GOES.
WM, GERLACH & CO.,
-----) OFFICE: (-----
8i W. COS. EIGHTH AND CHESTNUT STS., MHiWATTKEE, WIS,
PHILADELPHIA BRANCH, 1927 American Street. E. DITTMARSCH, Manager.
8IGMUND ULLMANN.
£.  H.  WIMPFHEIMER.
FULL LINES OF BLACK AND COLORED
warn « ad • MfiofifiiFiio • mm,
-AND —
•-^a^P^UBTE]   OOLOBS.«h-
The largest and most complete assortment in the country.
BRONZE POWDERS for Printing a Specialty.
German Printing Inks in Tubes, if desired.   Keeps the
Ink free from skin and dust until used up.
&B"ThU Book is Printed with Ink Furnished by us.
StOMUND ULLMAN, 61 ^^^Tvork.
HENBY BEEGBR,               I
\FEATMERSm BEDDING, j
QUILTS, BLANKETS AND MATTRESSES,
812 THIRD STREET.        -        MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Trade and Commbrcr of Milwaukee.
The total net receipts of all kinds of grain during- 1885, exclusive of shipments by rail
through  to Chicago or other point*,  were  17,822,280 bushels against  17,507,881, in 1884.    In detail^* receipts of this market for 1884 ami 1885 were as follows :
1885.                             1884,
Wheal, bushels.............................  9,846,894                     10,167,591
Com,          "     ..............................     687,008                         789,680
Oats,           i(     ..............................1,666,948                      1,547,386
Barley        "     .............................    5.392,106                      4,702,666
Rye,           '      ............................^.-279 264                         300,568
Total grain, bushels......17,822,280                     17,507,821
Flour, reduced to bushels....................10,046,480                     11,414,808
Total equivalent in bushels................27,868,710                     28.922,029
Through movement     ......................'.   13,610,172                     12,938,707
Total....................41,478,882                     41 861,336
The lumber trade of Milwaukee is very considerable afind increases largely every year with the ex* tension of railroads into remote parts of the state. The receipts dHring 1885, mainly composed of lumber shipped from the Michigan saw-mills, consisted of 238,000,000 feet, exclusive of shingles (86,718,000 in number), lath, posts, etc. In addition to this, a large business is carried on by merchants and manufac-turersof the city in lumber shipped directly from the mills in the northern parts of the state to various points of consumption.
No branch of commerce, however, has shown such an astonishing tendency to rapid growth as the coal trade. While in 1802 the total receipts of coal at Milwaukee amounted to only 21,860, in 1865 to 36.3*59, and in 1875 to 228,644 tons, they reached, in 1885, the high ligure of 775,756" tons, an increase over 1884 of 71.594 tons. Of this amount 710,736 tons of Ohio and Pennsylvania coal were received by lake and the remaining 65,014 tons by railroad, principally consisting of Illinois coal. Shipments west and north by railroad increased in a still greater ratio than the receipts, the total amount forwarded being-267,245 tons, a gain of 62,510 tons over the shipments of the previous year.
The consignments to Milwaukee of general domestic products, during 1885, were : hides, 405,902;. wool, 3,865,141 pounds; butter, 6,066,840 pounds; eggs, 77,504 packages; cheese, 17 686,462 pounds' Wisconsin tobacco, 7,715,607 pounds ; potatoes, 847,834 bushels; cranberries, 3,792 barrels; mill-stuffs, 19,832 tons ; tallow, 1,512,264 pounds ; paper, 25,086,285 pounds ; iron ore, 4,185 tons. The live stock received consisted of 645,728 hogs, 119,964 beef cattle exclusive of calves, and 102,314sheep; a considerable-increase over the receipts of 1884, which were respectively 491,933 hogs, 111,600 beef cattle, and 92.828 sheep. The hogs were mostly disposed of to local packers, only 48,946 being re-shipped. Of the beef cattle 68,562 were sohj to shippers or re-shipped by the owners, and of the sheep, 56,641 were disposed af in the same manner^ihe balance having been sold to mitchers and local dealers. The packing industry of the city is quite important, and during the summer and winter ending March 1, 1886, there were packed 579,313 hogs, an increase of 75,374 animals as compared with the previous year.
An evidence of the large volume of the general commerce of Milwaukee is found in the tonnage of freight moved westward and northward by rail from this point, representing merchandise and manufactured goods, machinery, coal iron, lumber and other materials. The total amount thus forwarded in 1885, exclusive of through freight by rail, was 801,428 tons. This amount does not include merchandise forwarded by steamers and sailing vessels to points along shore, across the lakes and to Lake Superior ports by water. The records of the Milwaukee custom house show the total number of vessel arrivals at the port ot Milwaukee during the year 1885 to have been 4,813, with an aggregate tonnage of 2,151,385 tons, not including the arrival or departure of vessels having clearances from some port within the United States to another, and calling here on their way. The wholesale and jobbing trade employs a number of large firms, and the total sales of merchandise are estimated at from $130,000,000 to $150,000,000 yearly.
Milwaukee has made rapid progress during the last fifteen years toward becoming an important manufacturing point. New branches of industry are seeking homes within ber boundaries, and those already in existence are daily growing in vastness and facilities for rapid production. The total number of persons employed in manufacturing establishments, not including the employes in Bay View or the West Milwaukee railroad '.hops, as indicated by the United States census of 1870 was 8,433, and in 1880, 20,866, an increase of 150 per cent, whi § the population of Ui« city, during tne same period, increased only 60 per rent. It is -tafe to say that the increase for the last five years has been still more rapid, altlimiich there are n<> data available for showing.the exact industrial condition of the city  at the present
60
Caspar <& Zahn'm Souvenir and Guij>e.
E.Townsend Mix & Co., Jlrcliitecis and Superintendents,
Office: Evening Wwcmmn liuildiug.
(NOUTHKAHT <"<i|t.   <iF   Mil WAi KKR   AM) MICHIGAN STS ,)
—^MILWAUKEE, WIS.-v-— K. T. Mix.                                                           W   A. IlfHRKoriK
Jacob! & Ricbter,
474 & 476
MARKET   SQXXAKB,
(Opposite <T.y HaU » IMI'OKTKIIK   AMI   f>KAI.KRM  IN
Foreign-** ¦>• Delicacies,
SWISS CHEESE, FANCY GROCERIES,
$ou»ng« <£a*t»ig* It %utcffer Aftftpile*, ) TKLKPIIOM: So. 8fM. (~
vTOIHUsT # G-RAF,
^c^.XTxry.A.c'r-crmaEm  oar
jj®-
Sole Proprietor of the S. S. MINEBAL SPBINGk
-fl*»,
WORKS & OFFICE, CORNER 17th AND GREENFIELD AVES., MILWAUKEE,                    *—-+--------^^              *    WISCONSIN.
PLEASE APPLY
to the undesigned Agents of the popular Baltimore Line of the North-German Lloyd, when desirous of making a comfortable and cheap trip* across, or when you want, to secure a good and wire voyage to thin country for your relatives.   The renowned U. S. Mail Steamships of the
NORTH-CERMAN  LLOYD
sail regularly every week between
BREMEN AND BALTIMORE,
and take passengers at very low rates.
Excellent A<<omminUitionn/       Greatest Possible. Safety.'
Up to the close of the year 1885, the Lloyd Steamers had
transported
(,510.266 Passengers
across f he ocean without loss of life, which is certainly a convincing evidence of the popularity of the line. A. SCHUMACHER k CO., C.cn*mil Agents,
Ao. /» South Gay Sk    Baltimore, Md. ). W». KMOHCNBHUC}. (ieneral Agent.
V». m Fiflh Avenue, Chiena^t, IU».
^TJlTALIZED AIR ADMINISTERED.
¦ ,   -   ¦    ¦    ¦   *.—-....... :¦ DENTIST--------- ===r_-—-  j.:
Gk»ld QiXlcL Silver IFIlTi-ng ONE-HALF rSI'AL PRICE.
401 Grand Avewue,
milwaukee, wis.
Milwaukee Illustrated. -Birdaeye View V.
Look.n« North from HUwtukM River or Third Street.to Tenth and Che**nut Street*
WK. BWAH.». J*aW*JlKt£.
Caspar <fc Zahn's Souvbnir and Guipk.
-^T. & P. M. R. R.^%, STEAMER LINE.-^
Tfc* only 0All*Y LINE acro«* take Mlohigau the year rmwd!
Between Ltodington, Manistee, The Bagiimw Valley, Detroit, and the East
$8.75 to $5,00 *cto*o to oil $oittt*.       Stateroom* 3Pr»*.
L. O. WHITNEY, ««»'! Western Agent.{TOW^^«^^^a°u°^wl8>
PHOENIX    LUMBER    COMPANY,
F. H. WHITE & CO., Proprietors,
DEALERS0IN0HARDWOOD0AND$P1NE,
Office, Yard and Dock, Foot of 15th St.
Thin iMmbrr, I'rncerHand Cicmr Iiojt Lumber a fyeciaUy Tkiki-honb No. 681*                         MH.WAUKKK.
Ilrchitect   and   fjupErintfuiilfint,
164 and 100 UEEI> ST.,
_g-REPii>ENCK: 469 <f republish 8trect,-f»_ Otnlrrn Promptly AUnulcd to.            Jltittunuk**, 101*,
Dealer in
AGENTS* FURNISHING GOODS, +
AND MANUFACTURER OF
4&tsotom J^ffl*** otto WHOtrtwtor.
403 East Water fit., near Wisconsin,           MUwmkef, H7*.
BIBRSACH & 2SrrBDBRMEYBR,
Manufacturers of
GALVANIZED IRON CORNICES,
Hky Lights, Expanding Candnetors, Slate it Metal llooflng, Patent Beer Swimmers, etc.
216—220 Fifth Street,
MILWAl'K£E,WIR..
-o-»F.   T.   NEUBERT   &   COMr«ar»
Manufacturers of all kinds of
Fine Ladies', Hisses' & Children's Shoes a Specialty. G2i> <fe 627 JVafote iSK., cor. Seventh, two blocks from Exposition Building, MIL WA UKEE,  WIS.___________
EDWARD H.  WAN%Oy -^....................................3fc«mti*t,-----------------^~
Office, Cor. Third and Chestnut St*., Dr. Senn'sBlock, MILWAUKEE. WIS.
—DEALER IN—
Stoves, $ Tin m and & Hardware,
Hot Air  Furnaces  and Extension  Ladders, 718 Walnut St., MILWATJXBB, WIS.
Physician of the Health Department.
RESIDENCE:  420 Vliet St. OFFICE:   006 Chestnut St.
Sec.......Town  ••• Range ..
.&'  6     6"*!  4"   3   ~2      1
7	8	9  10	11	12 j
18	17	,16 i 16	14	13!
19	20	21 | 22	23	24
, M	29	28 j 27	26	25
' 31	32	33 1 34	35	36
EDWARD BARBER,
Real Estate and Business Broker,
MILWATJKB3B. .
I   I
I   I
I   I
I   I
MANrFACTURRS   OP    MlLWAUKICE.
time     Making further URe of the cenRUR report of 1880, it will be found that there were 18 cities west of Philadelphia with more than 100,000 inhabitants.    Of these great cities, Pittsburg and Cincinnati w«re
the only ones which had a larger percentage of the population engaged in manufactures? than Milwaukee, and the number of persons thiw employed was absolutely larger than in Buffalo, Louisville or Detroit, and about ~equal to the number in Cleveland, although the population of Cleveland was 45,000 greater than that of Milwaukee at the date named. A feature of Milwaukee manufactures worthy of mention, is their diversity. In Pittsburg, almost half those engaged in manufacture* are connected with iron, white in Milwaukee no one species of industry overshadows the rest so much that any (Iinsist^ overtaking it would work great harm to the city at large. In 1880 the mari= ufacture of men'R clothing employed the greatest number of hands, being over 4,000; next come the foundry and machine shop products, which employ some 1,400; th«n come the breweries with 1,040; then jtfa© packers, the tanners and the trunk makers, closely followed by the coopers and the sash, door and blind manufacturers.
The state census of July 1885 included also statistics of some of the more important industries of the city for one year, and, although evidently far from exhaustive, we append the following summary of the results: ''During the year the total value of iron products and manufactured articles of iron in the city reached $3,130,500, and the value of leather and manufactured articles of leather was $4,590,400. There were 3,300 Wagons, carriages and sleighs manufactured, representing a value of $412,700. There were 969,420 barrels of beer manufactured, valued at $6,054,336; 400,000 gallons of whisky, at a total value of $500,000; and 8,907,000 gallons of vinegar, valued at $426,560. The product of woolen fabrics is estimated at $115,000 ; of earthenware, $33,500, and of drain tile, $38,000. The number of cigars and cigarettes manufactured during the year was 49,318,800, estimated at $1,397,436, while the total amount of all other tobaccos manufactured was 8,687,000 pounds, at an aggregate value of $858,000. The flouring mills show up well, having turned out 1,057,953 barrels of flour, during the year, representing a money value of $5,094,479.39. All other manufactured articles are classed ussier one head, and the value *>f their products is estimated at $11,413,359.68. The total value of the real «.tatP and machinery used in local manufacturing enterprises is $8,395,066.53; of the stock and fixtures, $7,552,851.28. showing a total investment of $15,947,917.76.   The amount .of wages paid for labor per-
04
Caspar & Zaun's Souvenir and Guide.
Joseph Hehlitz Brewing (§o.,
0 0
o
0 0 0
o o
0 0 0 0
o'-\ o'-\ o-\
: i
0
\°
\o \o \o
\o
\°
\o
\o
\° \o fo
\o \o
\o
M

Banks \nd Ikon Industry ok Milwaukee.
65
formed in the enterprises cited above during the year, was $0,210,165.72, while the number of men employed is set down at I5,4.">6. The total value of the product* of the local manufacturing interests, according to tho reports received by the city clerk, is $34,0(19,271.02, while the total amount of money invested, including wages paid, during the year, is $22,158,083 48."
The greatest industry of thecity, and that which hasgiven herthe larger part of her fame abroad, Lathe umnu factor ¦ of beer by a number of extensive breweries, the largest of which is the Empire Brewery on « host nut St re* t, first established by »faeob Best and his four sons, ( harles, Philip, Jacob and Lorenss, in 1 U*3 From this modest beginning, the business has grown tint Uj he combined product of the Milwaukee b:\weries, in 1885, reached the enormous amount of 1,131,288 barrels, and the sales 1,087,319 barrels. The money value of l hi* famous beverage, which is shipped to the remotest corner of this continent, was t: <i far from $'). 00.'), 000, of which a very large proportion was disbursed in thecity for labor and material. The latter incltnh d the purchase of 2,124,052 bushels of barley and 1,01)0,743 pounds of hops.
Legally outside of the city, but practically forming a part of it, are several large manufacturing establishments, such as the iron works of the Rolling Mill Company, a sewing machine manufactory, glass woiks, c:e , at Bay View on the South Side; the car shops of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul railway :it West Milwaukee, ami the cement works on the river north of the city. The latter, which ha\ j acapa-cii v of half a million bushels annually, have been built up since 1870, when the deposit was first discovered
The  Bav View iron works, or polling Mills, as they are usually
business throughout the country. The death of ('apt. Ward in 1875 and the rapid substitution of steel rails in placo of iron brought disasters to the rolling mills and caused a temporary suspension of all work. The North Chicago Rolling Mills Company bought the property in March, 1878, and the products of the works have beendiversilied so that they now comprise all kinds of bar and pig iron, and large ijtiantities of nails, but the rolling of rails has been transferred to the Chicago branch of the works. By this means, they are no longer likely to be affected by a collapse of a single branch of the iroivrndustrya
and  ul it Led   for its present   purpose* .-t\led, were established in ls'57 for  rolling iron rails, and  were under the man-   , :rgi men!   of   ( apt.    K.    B. of   Detroit   and  the
W:
s< < retaiy of *he company, .1 .1 Ilagerman. The business was confined to the n -rolling of old rails until 1^70, when blast furnaces lor the smelting of ore and i he manufacture of new rails, as well as puddling mills, were erected and the works thus completed had a eapacity of 30,000 tons of rails a year. The new industry brought into existence, a thriving village and bid fair to yield its owner large profits, when the financial crisis of 1873 put a. „op to railroad building and wrecked the iron
The banks of Milwaukee, a list of which will be found in the chronology on page 45, are renowned lor I heir solidity, and have the fullest confidence of the public. The history of the city has recorded very few failures of banks, and these were of small concerns, insignificant in comparison with those institutions which have successful!v weathered the severest financial storms. The total amount of deposits in ihe bank* during the last five years has been as follows; 1880, $467,230,471,—1881, $582,299,958,— IS82, $o89,451,73l,— 1888, $556,674,318,—1884, $553,224,030,—1885, $->5l>,354,893; figures which furnish evidence that, notwithstanding the general depression in business throughout the country, there has so inr been no falling off in the volume and magnitude of financial transactions in Milwaukee.
Among the men prominently connected with the banking interests in the state, none is better known than the Hon. Alkx ynpbii Mitchell. He was born in the parish of Ellon, near Aberdeen in Scotland, Oct. 18, 1817, and came to Milwaukee in 1839 as the representative of a Scotch corporation, called the Wisconsin Marine and Fire Insurance Company, of which he was secretary. His marvelous genius as a financier soon made him a leader in the business circles <.f his new home, with the subsequent prosperity of whitTKJiiH naiu« has become intimately associated. His sagacity and enterprise siuve created for the (it y its extensive railroad facilities, and his influ »ace has been felt here in any new business venture of iaiportance during nearly a half a century.
Hon. ALEXANDER MITCHELL,
President of the Chicago, Milwaukee and Hi.  Paul
K y, and of the Wisconsin Marine and Fire
Insurance Co. Hank.
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir and Guide.
"FRED. PABST, President.
EMU, S< HANDKIN, V If o-Predion t.
CIIA8. BF.ST, JrM SwrMnry.

('ffM4;
MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.
y*fr   \   »    \*~
EJST-A.BLieiKCEJID    1842.
•i^'V
Sft^t/^u/i    rfaa/u/a^        -        jf&,Orr,Of)0^
7D
0aspau «& Zaun's Souvkkir and Guide.
67
THE ESTABLISHMENT-
rin —7
V" is 8 * i s * #'• Pnllil
rapacity of 750,000 Barrels of »fl (*alIoi!s Each,
And of 1.500,000 Kushels of Wait per Annum,
And the capacity oi the Bottling Department for same period of time is 15,000 000 bottles of beer. The premises occupy a space of 580,000 square feet; adding thereto the Branches aud Depots in various other cities of the Union, we have a total area of over 1,100,000 square feet. A careful compulation would prove that over 25,000 people either directly or indirect^lind subsistence through this immense business.
The Sales from May 1885 to May 1886 Amounted to 398,082 Barrels,
_. :'_,)„OF  Ml   GALLONS EACH.,ia^
hi order to clearly demonstrate the astonishingly rapid and great development of this bivwery, it is but necessary to allude to the fact, that the sales for the year I860 amounted to 3677 barrels; taking the sales of the past year in comparison, proves an increase of 381,557 barrels. A gain of over 10,4-76 per cent, in the short time of 22 years.
Visitors to Milwaukee during the Swngerfest are invited to call at the brewery. A cordial welcome will be extended to all.
68
Caspar & Zahk's Souvenir and Guide.
*tff!Mi3
f^^N^T^r T\T
'     The most beautiful and elegant SUMMER GARDEN in this City. STATE AND PRAIRIE STREETS, BETWEEN 14th & 15th STREETS.
.--  ^Milwaukee,   Wis.**
<>- DONT FAIL TO VISIT •>
EIM*M
ZABEL 8C HIRSCH,  Lessees.
"It is the finest Summer Resort in the country"
" View of-Vie City from Lookout Hill unrivalled."
"Best Restaurant in the City."
"Its beautiful shady walks and flower-beds, its grotesque fountains
unsurpassed''
"Grand splendor at night when ablaze with its ,{'J electric lights, 500 colored gas globes and thousands of gas flames."'
You can not say you have seen Milwaukee if you have failed to pay homage to
•   SCHLITZ' PARK,   •
K-itai:i.iniiki>18.V).                                              i-----1886.
MIL WA UKEE. WILLO W WORKS.
A. MEINECKE & SON, Milwaukee, Wis.
MANUFACTURERS OF
tfttUfceiw' ©aliases,
/;##*/** Wagon*, Sleds, KorJtinff TTorsea,   Toy Carriages,   Toy
l'u rutin re.,  Toy Trunks, Black-Boards, School-Biujx,
IndUuiClubx, Wooden Shoes and Spinning Wheel*.
Rnd, R<Utnn and Willow Cfiaint, Tables, Cradles,   Ladies
•>   f.until Baskets, ilenernl Willow Ware, Wiehrr Trunks,
Sf tring Stands, Punjab Furniture,  Croquets, Ball-
but)*.   Velocipedes,   Bicycles ami Trincycles. Nmucrnufl l«rp*» «nd  illustrate cutalogues issued ewrv ynir: wild fur same to
A. MEINECKE A SON,
Fo»* of Mason Street, Mir.WAI'KKK.             -                          WISCONSIN.
PFISTER & V06EL LEATHER 60.,
TANNERS AND CURRIERS,
MANC'FArrCRERS OF
Sole Leather,  Wax and Grain Upper,
OIL GRAIN.
Calfskins, Kips, Splits & Harness Leather. 3fUIttmukee> Wis*
ft Bescriptive Gruide to the Cream lity.
PRACTUJA^ HUNTS AND (5ENERAL INFOKMATION.
KfCH VUh «i*KU VCKI'.i.ToV
600 feet above the level of the sea. It has an area of about sixteen square miles, and is the largest and most populous city in the state.
But why do they cai.i, it the Cruah City?
Is it because the bricks are that color? Well, its population is about 175,000, and they cannot build school houses fast enough to supply the needed accommodation.
Is it because the milk of human kindness has never been skimmed there?—
It is par excellence, the finest lake- and summer-resort in the country, being literally "the camping place" of the wealthier classes of the Southern States during the summer season. Contiguous to the city ;tre the beautiful Summer Resorts Waukesha—the Saratoga of the West—, Lakeside, Pewaukee, Oconomo-woc, etc., more fully described in another part of this book.
It is one of the richest cities on the globe in proportion to its population, which is intelligent and enterprising, composed of the better elements of each nationality, without a nionied aristocracy and no paupers. Containing few palaces and fewer slums and shanties, the homes of her people, rich or poor, are models of cleanliness, good taste, and comfort.
No city in the Union is receiving so large an area of new territory directly tributary to it through the development of its line** of Railroad as Milwaukee is to-day, and although ranking only as the eighth rity in the Union in commercial importance, yet owing to the careful, conservative, and economical habits of it* population, none wtsuufa abend eft ho Crcsm of the Lakes, and  it is in a great measure due to this
70
CAtfPAit & Zaun's Souvenir and Guide.
v
JACOB OBEBMASX, Prtflldtnt.                                   jj      <;. A. OBERMAXN, Ass'fc Soe*y & TrwiN,
Um. J. OBKRMANX, Ylrc-PrfuMtnt.                I                 V. h. OUKIMANN, »np«rlntmi<lf)iit
rilll.. OBKRMA3X, Sor'y A Trww.       |                             If. P. 0BKBKANN, Asgistaut ftttp'
<%$
'Ljf
>
ESTABLISHED   1SB4-
MSBBai=si._:2S^H
LAGER BEERlv
MlltWMJB BJW.
Cherry Street. From Fifth to Sixth.
-<»*¦—««$«----------------«*>-
^•Chicago Branch:  I & 3 West Ohio Street*
COPYfUftHTEO  laeO.ivCWAW   *ZAH«.WILWaUKlE*
Milwaukee Illustrated.— Birdseje View YL
Looking VutUi from Cb^nut, Sir*et to Walnttt Street.
W«B*AH »0EK*. MILWAUKEE*
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir ani> Cuipi:.
H.NIEDECKEN&GO.,
waBWBlS^.'
Wlmlwttlo an<t Retail iK'ttlcrs In
Faperi Stationery • /.Haney ioods.
Also Manufacturers of
We make it a specialty to Manufacture Blank Books of any (/rade, size, or styl$ to pattern and solicit correspondence when in want of any,
338 & 340 EAST WATER ST.,
GARDINER CAMPBELL & SONS, Centennial ISell and %ron Utorks,
— JIANrPAnTBERB OK —
CHURCH, SCHOOL, FIRE AND OTHER BELLS,
CHIMES AND PEALS.  AUo all kinds of BRASS AND
IRON WORK,
24:2, 24:4 So 24=e Oregon St.,
MILWAUKEE, WIS., TJ. 8. A.
GRAND' AVE.   HARNESS  STORE,
THOS. O. SMITH & CO , Props.
Manufacturers and Dealers in
FINE HARNESS, ETC.,
108 Grand Ave,, and 193 West Water St,,
MILWAUKEE, WIS,
.!. RUCK,  MANAWKK.            -             TELEPHONE 960.
Qr&f&d€t/*    [/ft*** *    i       J?f<3€40U, 26t REED ST ,   MILWAl'KKK, WIS.
jM|9Ktlnran&eef VKis.
ESTABLISH Kl> 185.r>.
TOood 3?tt$t*atritt<g.
If onk IUuslmHon*, Lnnd-smprs, IhvUdings Machinery, Portraits, Maps, Catalogue Work of all kind*, PtUeuted Articles, Etc.
Sftlefaf 2Ftt«jvttuitts.
Peals, Meet Stamp*, lettering on Jnvelry and Silverware, Dow JHatex, Badge*, Metals, Calling Carils, Wedding Invito* Horn, Rubb<r Stamps, He. Slack Bl'k, Milwaukee. _____________________________QilfllUm.Bl*fc. St. Paul.
MANTTFACTimEtt OP
SI&K ^OBTAINS AND S6W IMMS OF DOT 1AH,
And Inventor of Thiele's Patent Rag- Carpet,
patented ATrG. 19,1884.               patented .may 12,1885.
M9 to m Chestnut St., Cor, 6th, Mil WA VKEE.
WII^LXAJMC  KEYE,
4NEWS SEALER, STATIONER AND PRINTER,^
Albums,   Autographs,   Scrap Books, Pocket Knives, Clxoice
dinars, Cigar-Holders and Cases,
No. 1124 VUfrtSt.,__________MILWAUKEE, WIS.
F. W. ERBACHJEU & CO.,
WHOLESALE
GHEESE AND FANCY GROCERIES,
CANNKIMJOODK. PISH,  ETC., ETC.,
83 WEST WATBE ST., TiUyhontSOS.              •              MTLWAt'KEE,  WIS,
The German- Element and its Influence.
7®
fact, that its City Bonds arc at a higher premium in Europe, than those of any other American municipality — a hetter endorsement of the confidence in the lututv prospects and present honesty of its people than tttty local opinion, private or puhlic.                                                                                                           *•
It iH the third port in importance in the United States, its tonnage by TT. S. Custom House statistics proving it to outrank Boston, Portland, Baltimore or Philadelphia in the proportion of two toone.
It is generally admitted that Milwaukee possesses the be+t inland harbor on the entire continent. The river banks are docked for miles, and no matter to what extent her shipping interests may grow, there will always be wharf room in the valley of the Menomonee, oimujthe increased canal system on the flats,
ride out the worH storms in perfect security.
A fleet of steam and sail vessels, manned by several hundred men, is engaged in the lake fisheries of!' this port, and there is no pleas-anter way to pass a summer day, than a sail on one of these clean, well-ordered craft, out to the nets-and hack by sundown. The catch of an average season is about (100,000 poumls of trout and vvhitclish.
south of the harbor. The general g o v e r n-merit, appreciating the necessity and advantages of Milwaukee Bay as a Harbor of Refuge for the entire lake, is constructing an enormous breakwater, costing over $1,000,000, reaching from near the extremity of its northern point three quarters of the distance towards the entrance to the harbor. Sheltered by this seawall, the entire commerce  of  the lake can
S'iatk Normal School, ('ok: IHth and Wells Sts.
Feeding the world with bread and meat, she has more manufacturing institutions than any city west of Pittsburgh, her wood, iron, glass and woolen products being found in every section of the Union. The price of rent and provisions* being considered, Milwaukee pays to-day the highest wages to skilled labor in the United States. Within her limits are the largest giain elevators and malthouses, the biggest bieweries, and the most modest city editors in the world 1 The winter climate cannot be said to equal that of Kamaroon,yet never-theless the city infirmaries are conducted with smaller expense than any other in the country. A powerful influence has been exerted in the development and progress of this city by the German element. The Germans have at all times taken an active interest in political and social questions affecting the advancement of Milwaukee ; their liberal \iews and inherent faculty of enjoying life have been largely adopted, and music,, theaters, public concertSj singing and turner Hocieties, and summer gardens have always received their fostering support. AH places of amusement are open to the puhlic on Sundays. Their endeavors to introduce a rational system of education for the young have met with marked succcsr The German language is taught in all public schools of the city, and manv Anwlo-Americans have made .hemselves proficient in the tongue of Goethe, which is not alone valuable from a literarv point of view, but also of greai importance in daily bumness life. It is said that the Ger-iiinn apoki'n in Milwaukee is ,tf better quality than in any other city in the Union.
Fihst Waiu> Puhlic School, Cass St., Between Pleasant & Brady Sts.
74
Caspar tfe Zaun's Souvenir and Guide.
MILWAUKEE,   WIS.
est
—>«$- .§. Mutual $ -&»<—
Assets January 1st, 1886, Gash Capital    -SURPLUS     -
$f,3/4,0/8.5 6 20Q>QOd.OO 7/1,642.98
OH. PRETXSSER, President. JOHTff C. DICK, Vice-President. ADOLF J. CRAMER, Sec'y.
G. W, GRIEBIiIK-a, Ass*t Sec'y. J. OBERMAJtfN, Treasurer.
DANTCEL SCHULTZ* Gtenl Agent-
The oldeHt and strongest FTRK INSURANCE COMPANY in the Northwest
IWlxatiom and Advantages.
n
According lo race or descent, the population of thin city may be estimated as follows : 80,000 German*, 40,000 Anglo-Americans, 10,000 1 rish, 10,000 Poles, 5,000 Scandinavians, am* 5,000 Bohemians. The remainder of the 175,000 inhabitants is divided among all other nationalities; about 300 Negroes^and 1!5 Chinese have made their homes in Milwaukee.
Over $8,000,000 are invented in the Brewing buRiueas. The annual quantity brewed is 1,150,000 harceK representing a value of more than the total capital invested.
While the advocatefMkf total abstinence may see in these figures little to admire, yet even they will
concede that in the case of this city at least their favorite deduction of "crime through drink" will not hold good, for nowhere on the globe will be found lea? disturbances of law and order, and a more {>eaee-able, industrious , and steady-going class of in habit antH. The preponderance of the German element, with Ms inborn "Gemuthlich-keit"—no other word so fully describes this predominating characteristic of the Germans— possibly accounts for this,and it may be add< that no place understands better how to  arrange  and  carry
German and English Acadkmy (Knoklmann's £ciiulr). Broadway, nkak Junkau Avknur.
out   parades,    picnics,
masked balls, or a good time generally than   the German-Americans, and the Anglo-Americans seem to think it not so very wicked to have a good time also, now and then.
Milwaukee contains 25,832 houses and no city in the Union in proportion to its population has so many little homes owned by those who live in them, so few fences between neighbors, or so many flower beds in the front yards.
The advantages of Milwaukee as a residence city are conceded to be pre-eminent in this country. The architecture of the dwelling houses displays taste, elegance and beauty, and those portions of t ho city in which the dwellings of its residents are located, are ornamented with stately shade-in*.-, beautiful lawns, hedges, eoinorvalories, fountains, and uin-ly kept walks and paths.
\ world-known traveler was Linen, Kmhmiderv, etc., etc., even lo the grow ng art of working in precious metals, copying after the iKi'i-workcrs of Mexico and Japan,—nil is produced in this way. The neighbors drop in, and work uh« ii :tt lihertv,  lime \* <mv«m1 and wealth accumulated,* nf which the very existence of Milwaukee as it is,
Mark it am Acadkmy, 'oh Oneida and Van Bukkn Streets.
asked on his return to Europe, what did you find interesting, or especially noticeable in Milwaukee?—"Weir', said lie, "every man seemed to live in his own home, there was sure to be a pot of flowers in one window, a canary-bird-in the next, and a baby's face in every other one."
The new buildings erected in Milwaukee in 1885 aggregate in value $4,500,000.
The peculiar feature of Milwaukee is its factory population,'Comparative absence of factories, and the prevailing system of taking goods home once a week to be manufactured by the family in the little homes, on the ground, neartheciu    Boots, Clothing,
76
Caspar & Zaun's SouvhJxir  vni> (Juidk.
8. r. Gardner, Prep.                           W. I). Brktt, Treus.
H. I). GARDNER, Set:'}'.
A. H. GARDNER COMPANY,
— nr.Ai.KUH in-
Robber ^ Leather Belting,
Hose £ Packing, Rubber Clothing,
POWDER, SHOT, CAPS,
- BAR LEAD, STEEL TRAPS, £TC.,— 380 Bast Water Street,
Grand Union (pea Comp yt t
- IMI»OHTKR8 OF —
*sTB1S Hi EOFFEES,»
81 Wisconsin Street,
SOft Grand Avenue,    )          . r
rs9'tett&H,\  Milwaukee.
We handle only Pure Teas and Selected Coffees.
WHpqelnl inrhicementn offered to pei-Hon* get tiny; up clulw.   Heml to $7 WiseonNin St., Milwaukee, l.»r |»iIm. list and illiiHlriitccI catalogue giving full information Headquarters,   70 Front St., New York.
CHAS. K. RAABE, Prwu JS*s.   <JK0. K. KACKKIX, 8cc'y,
loctrotupittQ a Specialty.
The 'q&mvaur" pmjr» arc nil
rb'i+roli/prd mid. the work
won done nt imr FMnb-
Telephone 805.
86 Mason St.,
:, wis.
F. HARTUNG,
WesHide Teniple-offasliioii.
CUSTOM   TAILORING.
No   602 <. HRSVNUT STREET, K.OW. 6ut. Milmauh^, »tt«.
JOHN MASSINO,
piumbep, Gas and Steam fitter,
.SEWER and HOUSE DRAIN LAYER.
(SBaffetleitungen unb ttbjugtfattHc.)
559 East Water St.,   Milwaukee, Wis.
RESIDENCE, 790 FOCRTTT ST.
Telephone 72S.---------.....—    ----------~—-<
Public ami> Private £011001.3.
77
is t lie best example. The bad associations of the ga r ret mast er system are avoided, and Milwaukee offers perhaps to-day tothe world, the nearest thing we have to the practical Bimplificatlon of the vexed socialistic problem.                                                                                                                                             *
Its Public School system wan admitted both at the Centennial, and lately by the visiting Commissioners of the French Republic to be the first in the nation, while its private schools are more ably conducted than any in the Norths cat. The number of children enrolled in the public schools August 31st, 1885, was || 21,840, and 1886 yet to be heard from.
Thecity contains some sixty miles of street railroads, traversing it in every direction and connecting at central points. There are tli^ee companies, and competition between, them ensures good accommodation to the public. 121 miles of watermaiim cojivey lake water to the top of the highest buildings throughout the en-125 miles of sewers have been built, and
Catholic Normal School and Pio Nono Collkgk at St. Francis.
lire ;wentv-four hours.    To add to the cleanliness of the city, arc receiving constant additions.
There are 21 city and (> railway bridges inside the city limits, and a great many bridge-tenders. They are a very lively class of mew, especially when you are in a hurry to catch a train, or a friend on the other side of the river.
Industrial School fou Girls, Cornkr Lakes Avenue and North Stricet.
Milwaukee is divide*, into fourteen Wards. The First and Seventh are on he high ground between the river and fronting on I he lake, contain tig the homes of many of the wealthiest residents.
The Third Ward, no.ith of Wisconsin Htreet and bounded west and south by the Milwaukee and M«nonionee rivers, iH chiefly devoted to business houRes.
78
Caspar «& Zaun's Souvknir and Guide.
B. H. YUNGER,
^RAILROAD**
86 "W"±sooms±33- iBijjc&Gt-tj (KfiKl Km! (iritiMl A\o  Bridge.)        MILWAUKEE*
OTTO ZWIETUSCH,
--JMANrFACTlKKROP-
^BEEH * PUMPS,**
SODA WATER APPARATUS
^MINEBAl WATER
OF ALL KINDS.
Address, OTTO ZWIETUSCH,
705 t<> 719 Chestnut St., Milwaukee, Wis.
ROUNDY, PEGKH AM & 6o„
JCDSON A.  RoUNftY.       >
Wt 1.1.1 AM  S.   I'KCKHAM   [
(Sidney JTAi:xini:sT.
) CHAKLKH .1.   DKXTI ft.
I; JOBBERS IN TEAS,!
Tobaccos and Cigars.
249,   251,   253   anb   255   SStoabvucnj,
___/
•^GTJSTAV   MAKTINI,sS«~
__-.__.:-          CouUctioUCt*, :.z~j=r.~ r.--
4in KaKt Water Streot,   -   MILWAUKEE, WIS.
/•'/jwxt Cake* and VU* iii the ("do.   The btut I'nfftc, ChoeMatv, mid Ire. Cream (Unit hour* of the day.
MANVP U:Tl'RKR OP
Maple. Sugar Rr-Rn.it. in avy Form Dtsind. Soda "Water and Liquor Dealers' Syrups a Specialty.
___________Reflnery, 70S ('h/bourn St., Milwaukee.
MILWAUKEE THERMO THERAP/E
-----COM HI NIKU Til K-----
Turkish, Electro Thermal and Other Baths.
MASSAGE, SURGICAL APPLIANCES, ANO A CAREFUL MEDICATION.
Telephone 777.            Cor. Fourth and Sycamore Streets*
Ijite Surf/eon 2d Wisconsin Cavalry, Physician,
«rs*nd for Pamphlet.
The old proverb says: "The tools to him that can une them;,f and wisdom says: " Give the work to him that has the tools." These common sense ideas suggest a reasonable explanation of the fact that Dr. Hanson's Heat Cure affords greater advantages to the sick, than any physician or any other institution without his appliances can offer.
It is because he has the means of accomplishing important results in the treatment of diseases, which none of the others have.
These moans are recognized by the highest medical authorities and pronounced to be essential to the proper equipment of every hospital or curative institution.
The physicians of the city know full well that I have means for the control of violent and deadly diseases which they have not.
Many of them are candid enough to say so. DR. TANDtfE SAYS:
f From tht Emiina WisconttsnA
I have won oases of chronic rheumatism, ulcered lungs, pttmlyHis, diabetes. Bright'* disease, old chronic ulcers and insanity cured at Dr. Hanson's establishment. For all acute Inflammatory diseases, such ns pneumonia, pleurisy, and erysipelas, It '» the most certain and safe treatment.
Intermittent and typhoid fever may be broken at the very start  of the long course they usually run    The
effect in lung diseases is very remarkable. I have seen patients far gone in consumption restored to very com-comfortable health, by a few weeks residence at the Thermo Therapae. I call it the thermal treatment, but it is not heat alone, nor the Turkish Bath, though heat, water and electricity are the principal agents relied upon. Dr. Hanson uses some medicine in connection with the other powerful remedial agents at his command in the institution. But whatever the means used, his success in curing complicated diseases, is far beyond anything I have ever known in general practice, or in any other curative institution in this country, during forty years experience in the practice of medicine.
WM. L. CANDEE, M. D.
W*. make specialties of those diseases for which the art of medicine furnishes no reliable or even hopeful remedies. Such as: Consumption, Briyht's Disease, Diabetes, CoMtttntiwal Syphilis, Tetanm, aautfor Hydrophobia it has afforded better tresults than all HSe that has been tried.
While In Acute Diseases we nip them in the blossom, and save to the patient three-quarters of his time, ana mpst of the suffering and danger of Pn&immrfa, all Acute Frrvr*, Inflammation of the Bowels or Peritonitis, Erysipelas, Inflammatory Rheumatism, Ddirium Tremens, Cfc., ek*,-yield readily to the combined influence of the safe arid agreeable Theropeutic agencies at the Thermo Therapse.
wMJMMt, «tu mvmum.
um»«mB.Hiii3Y
Milwaukee Illustrated.—Birdseye View No. VII.
Looktnn North from WI«con«n Stiwt to Jun.na A-wniu».
80
Caspah A Zahk's Souvenir and Guidk.
The Best and Cheapest German Advertising Mediums. The Most Popular German Family Papirs In the U. S.
<$?rtiimiia,  Milwaukee*
Thr In rgoHl, best A iiMMt widely ctreitlAte(HJermnti|Miper.
Circulation, 60,000
AitWrlptlon, WHi per niiniini.   Wllh "Hmw mid Biuioriiftuuiid", $2.M).
$tmt*~ ttnft Xlatt*rntr*ttn$u   ,
A publication devoted to Afrrlctilture, Stock Raising, Horticulture, Ree-Culture, etr.
jHetttfteft* lltarfe, &r|ieagcu
An independent Weekly for the German People. Circulation, 23,000.
HubHCfiptlon, 02.00 per annum.   With supplement "Krholungastunden" $2.f>o.
3Ert{o(tmg&*tunfteu*
A German Family paper, devoted to Literature.   Sub serfption, * V00 per^amium.
Circulation re.OOOr^wl^riptioii *2.('kVper annum.  W     Addrm, DeuUthe mA*«4 Vse La SaUe'k, Chicago, 111. r^vt^-aBRMANIA ALMANAC,  EDITION 30,000.^/*w-»
^-uL^xieixea. Toy tix© GrS^M^isriA.^^TJKx.xsiiiisra- ao:*o?>A:r>re,
GEO. BRUMDER, 284 So 286 West Water St., MILWAUKEE, WIS. $g0ok»*II*r* nt%& Stationers.
— ADAM   OBTHjV*
— IMI'Oltmi OK —
C HENNECKE & CO,
mm aii mm ion, > „^- ^—* •?
fl A MPT.TO   ROOM.                                       !       •   J&*W
SAMPLE  ROOM
No. /, OtiASD A VENf'E. MfLWAt'KEE.
7.'>. .S7 <C' AT /Tw/«fo WrvW, Mil. WA UKEE, WIS.
)l.|.-linn,laltsteF,
376, 378 & 380 Fifth St.,
m    ----- MILWAUKEE.
Western Suppltj Compattg
Vbol&ssk0Oils90?ttAts9#Fsiator89eSiwUtsy
VARNISHBS, ETC.,
•*v~553 East Water Street, Milwaukee.-•*•*
Branch Office, .0/7 Wwtkinflton Arc.,S\,   Minneapnlit*, fflnu.
2
) RICHARD BEER, ( -
ar,>oci>«'bvH<3' cnw Safe StcMHe,
141 & 143 Second Street, near Grand Ave., BRANCH:  191 Sixteenth St.      -       -      MILWAUKEE.
TELEPHONE No. 7$9.
The world moves. Each year the earth takes on a New Dress. But while this Dress is new and different, the underlying principle is unchanged and unchangeable. So it is in business. Among the most important branches of which, is Life Insurance, or Protection.
The Law of Average, which the Ruler of the Universe has established in every .thing, governs Insurance, and fixes the cost. Only two elements determine this cost, viz: Mortality and expense. God fixes one, man the other. Sheppard Honiara, a Graduate of "Harvard", for 17 years actuary of the largest Company in the world, four times employed by thaTJ. S. Government in scientific expeditions, consulting actuary of nearly all the companies in New York, the acknowledged authority in the World's Insuranck, has devised a Plan which the Provident Savings Life Insurance Company has adopted, by which pure protection is furnished, at about one-third the usual cost.
The average annual cost, in other old line companies is $39.22 per $1000. The actual cost as per American experience table is less than $10.00. The average expense charge is $9.00 per $1000. In the Provident, the expense is limited to $3.00 per $1000 and the mortuary to the minimum. Consequently the cost in the Provident is about one-third. As to Rafety, it is the strongest in the world. It has $26*5.00 assets to each $100.00 of liability. Its premiums consist of expenses and death fisn«la, and are kept separate, the latter as a trust fund, and all the Doctors held as Trustees*
It is tfws, tlte safest, the most acientinV ami cheapest Company in the United States. For reports proofs, facts and figures, call on
H. .4. STAPLES, Gen. Agent, No. 1 Grand Am., Milwaukee, Wis.
Method uf Numbering the Houses
ai
On the West side of the Milwaukee river is the Fourth Ward, stretching away to the western boundary of the city, its Grand Avenue being one of the handsomest drives in the Union.
To the North of it is the Second Ward, stretching also from the river to the city's boundary cfi the west, peopled almost entirely with Milwaukee's world-known, thrifty, hard working, art-loving, and successful German population.
The Sixth and Thirteenth Ward* skirt the Milwaukee River to the north of the Second, and extend out to the homes of the market gardeners, the llorists, and the little plats of ground near the city, reminding one strongly of the Rhine-country, where every inch of ground of every hillside is made useful and beautiful by human care and labor.
The Ninth and 'Ienth Wards, to the west of the Sixth and Thirteenth, take you still further "over the Rhine". The flowers are more plentiful, t ie names on front doors and over stores, are <z//Teutonic; no one jostles you on the sidewalk, no one is in a hurry, people have time to be polite, good nature is universal.
On the South side of the Menomonee River nearest to the lake is the Fifth Ward, and those who rn.tv not have visited Milwaukee iri the pant few years, will hardly recognize the transformation from the "Walker's Point" of other days, in the hurrying, driving "South Side"of to-day with its lion Mills and ('anals, Factories and Manufactures of all kinds.
The E ghth% Eleventh and Fourteenth Wards all lie west of the Fifth and Twelfth, and contain much «if Milwaukee's present manufacturing wealth and the germs of future g$eat prosperity.                           ^--^
The "' welfth Ward is the extreme southern one of the city, fronting on the lake and largely devoted to manufactures, divided only by Lincoln Avenue from the thriving village of Bay View with its iron and nail mills, glass factories, etc.
Bit why i>o tiiky call it the Cream City?
Is it from the peaches and cream on the cheeks of its girls?
METHOD OK NUMBERING THE HOUSES.
Milwaukee's handsome parked streets and noble avenues are admired and enjoyed by thousands of transient visitors every summer, the entire residence portion being one shaded, fenceless park.
There are over 300 streets, everyone of which you will find on the map herewith, specially drawn for this "Souvenir and Guide." The streets are laid out very regularly, mostly running parallel tooneanother, east and west and north and south. The method of numbering the houses is very simple, the numbers on all streets in each principal division of the city running in the same direction corresponding exactly, so that, for instance, starting eastward on Mason Street, it will be found that the number of the house fronting on one of the side streets and situated on the northwest corner of Mason Street is 437, no matter whether it is on P3ast Water Street, Broadway, Milwaukee, Jefferson, or Astor Street.—Keeping this regularity, and the difference in the series of numbers employed on the East, West and South Sides in 4mind, the following tables are sufficient for locating at once any house in the city, the number and street of which is known.            ^     ;
On the East Side of the Milwaukee river the houses are numbered as follows:
1.—All streets running north and south (the names of which will be found on the city map or under No. 2 below) are intersected at the following numbers by the streets running east and west, viz:
Street.         ]    At 400 bv Wisconsin Street.           f    At 695 by Ogden        Street.
"   437 " Mason
"   475  * Oneida         "
"   509 » Biddle          "
"   545 " Martin         "
"   589 " Johnson        "
"   625 " Juneau Avenue.
j     "   659 "  Knapp Street.
JBSP^For example, if you want to find 748 Van Buren Street, the above table will tell you that it is situated between Lyon and Pleasant Streets.
J8.—All streets running east and west (the names of which will be found on the city map or under No. I above) are intersected at the following numbers by the streets running north and south, viz :
At   65 hv East Water Street. '     77   "   Market            "
101   "   Broadway. '    125   "   Milwaukee        ''
At	94 by	Polk            if
"	135  "	Juneau
"	185 "	Menomonee
"	221  "	Chicago
"	357  "	Buffalo
"	293  "	Detroit
"	329  "	Huron
"	365  *	Michigan
At 695 by	Ogden
*  731 "	Lyon
"   767  "	Pleasant
"  800 M	Kewaunee
"  857 *	Brady
"  870 "	Pearson
ki 149 by Tpfferson Street.	At 245 by Marshall Street.
"   173  "     ackson       "	"   209  " Astor
"   197 "  Van Buren "	"   293 "  Racine
"   221   "  law   .          "	"   335  "  Franklin      '
82
Caspar & Zaun's Souvenir and Guw&.
iWfiiliiannMiHl i HI ilui , jnV Hi i li 'mm lii t Hi 1 m" tmiHiiim uuinii»W»lrri«iiil>iiitw< MminiMmum'mwntqfc

"MENOMONEt VAUEY WimPX
CREAM   CITY   BREWING   CO.,
John Minrn, President
Adolf ff. Meyer, Virr Peru.       Urn in Ileal, See* if A- Trea* 1MKWRIU KS:—fiW to Mo 18th St. I           OFFICE:
mid N. W. Tor. Hth & Htato St«. | WM» Thirteenth Street <A/«i/*> Pejmt: J.l A /.* WVtf DAfrtf. — Mllirankrt, Wis
ADAM   DILLMANN,
Importer of an<! Denier in
I Klines and liquats, $
242 West Water Street,            miWAVKEF..  W7N.
KstobllHhed 1855.
Herman Fvldneii.                                        \V. H. Grai*.
L. FULDNER & CO.,
Rectifiers, Di8tillcr«, Importers nwl Wholesale DealerH in
WINES. WHISKIES ^ LIQUORS
194 3RElE3r> ST3BEJET, e-.............................................9lltfwat*ftee, Wo.
{----------------------------DEALER IN -             ---------------£
FINE, BOOTS MB  SHOES,
817 Third Street,        -        MILWAUKEE, WtS.
MENOMONEE * BBEWEKY,
0--------J^.,               MILWAUKEE, WIS.     v
A*. .S. />tr7rr ftm* Depot: Cor. VUh and frairie Fix.
S. S. hupr Ft'tr t>epol: the.  Walker and National Ave
MANUFACTURER AND JOBBER OF FINE GI6ARS,
395 T:tx±:r><3. Street*, MILWAUKEE.                   -        WISCONSIN.
lolIN V. RAUKU.                                                    EDWARD C. BAl'KR.
J. C. BAUER & SON,
DEALERS IN
and"
329 THIRD STREET,
Next Door North of KMpeuhuin <ft Battels,
—--------—MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.
\V>I. GKI'DKR,        CHA8. A. TAESCHKE,        F   J. FREY,
l*rc$.                             V. fYcs.      Sec'y & Trent.
CEUDER & PAESCHKE MFC. CO.,
MANUFACTURERS AND JOBBERS OF
TINWARE o AND • HOUSE o FURNISHING • GOODS,
152 & HVl West Water St.,
MILWAUKEE.

-|*THE-
111 IJUU UUlttUI Ukl iU'HTKI U!



M\........"¦»¦"¦
r&¥78;4l^!0R.CHEaRlC
Method of Numbering this Houses.
At 400 by Poplar Street.	At   800 by North   Stre
"   140  "   Vliet	"    860 -  Lee
"  480  "  Cherry	"    020 "  Wright     -
"  520 " Galena      "	"     »80 "  Clark
- 560 "   Walnut     "	"   1040   ' Center      "
" 600 " Sherman  "	"   1153 "  Locust      "
"  040  "   Reservoir Avenue.	"   1210  » Chamber*"
"  680  "   Harmon Street.	"   1265 » Burleigh  *
"  720  "   Uovd	
"  760  "  Gartield Avenue.	
On the West Side of the Milwaukee river the houses are numbered as follows :
3.—All streets running north and south, (being, beside all the numbered streets, West Water street,
Western ami Island Aves., and a few other*, for names of which see the city map) are intersected at»fche
following numbers by the streets running east and west, viz :
At    17 by Menomonee Street.
"    -40  "   Fowler
"    80  "   Clybourn
"   120  "   Sv can lore          "
"   160  "   Grand Avenue.
"   200 "   Wells           Street.
"   210  "   Cedar
"   280   "   State
"   :'.20  "   Prairie
"   360  "   CheRtnut            "
4.—The streets running went from the river (the names of which will be found on the city map or under No. 3 above) are numbered on the " Philadelphia plan", allowing 100 numbers for each block, commencing at the cross street named with a corresponding number, Went Water street being considered as First street.    No. 1817 Wells street, is therefore situated between 18th and 19th streets, etc.
On the South Side of the city from the Menomonee river, the hoteses are numbered as follows : 5.—All streets running north and south (the names of which will be found on the city map or under No. 6 )>elow) are intersected at the following numl>ers by the streets running east and west, vi/. :
At   50 by Menomonee River.         |    At 300 by Pierce Street.                  |    At 480 by Madison Street.
"   510 "  Greenfield Avenue. "   540 "  Orchard Street. "   600  "   Lapham      " "   060  "   Mitchell     " "   604  "   Mapir
0.—All streets running east and west (the names of wj^Tch will be  found on the city map or under 5 above) are intersected at the following numbers by the/streets running north and south, viz :
50 bv	Menomonee River.	|    At	300 by	Pierce Street.
110  "	South Water Street.	!        "	330  *	National Avenue.
HO  "	Lake                     "	!           "	360  "	Walker     Street.
2<0  "	Florida               "	II	300  "	Mineral          "
Z\0  "	Virginia             "	"	420  "	Washington  "
205  "	Park	1            "	450  "	Scott
At	ISO by Davidson Street
"	210  -   Barclay
"	2 TO  u  Clinton         "
"	300  -   Reed
"	330  "  Hanover      "
"	360  "  Greenbush   "
"	300  "  Grove
"	420  "   First Avenue,
a	450  "  Second      "
"	4S0  "  Third
At 510 by Fourth   Averme.
At 806 by Fourteenth Avenue.
540	a	Fifth
570	"	Sixth
600	II	Seventh
630	"	Eighth
600	"	Ninth
700	»	Tenth
730	II	Eleventh
760	"	Twelfth
780	II	Thirteenth
"   845	"	Fifteenth
"   875	•'	Sixteenth
"   005	ii	Seventeenth
"   035	a	Eighteenth
"   005	"	Nineteenth
"   996	"	Twentieth
" 1025	"	Twenty-first
" 1054	a	Washington
The location of all streets in  the above list and also the names and location of such minor streets not enumerated here, are shown on the city map.
Some of the changes in the names of more important streets are as follows :
Main Street, now Broadway.                Poplar Street, west of 10th st. now Cold Spring Avemie.
Spring      "        "    Grand Avenue.          Beaubian "       now Garfield Avenue.
Division  "        u   Juneau      "               Mill          "         "    Central          "
Elizabeth"        "    National    "               Railroad   "         "    Greenlield     "
Taking the Post Office Building as the centre of Milwaukee,  the distances from it in various directions, are about as follows :
Base Ball Park.........2   i
Bay View..............4
Berninger's Garden.....3
Calvary Cemetery......5£
Chic. &Northw'n Depot,
I lead of Wisconsin St.. \ Darn  of the Milwaukee
River................2
Exposition Building ...J Forest Home Cemetery..4
Gre«nfield Garden.......9
Greenfield Park........4
Hale's Corners.......10
House of ( orrection.. . .3 Humboldt.............4
liles.
Insane Asy'um.......5  miles.
Life Saving Station    ...2       "
Lueddemann's Farm-----X       "
Miller's Garden.........8J
Milwaukee Garden.....\\      "
Mineral Spring Park. ..Ah      "
Mitchell Heights.......2
National Park .........3}      "
North Point of Bay.... 3
Oconomowoc.........81        "
Pewaukee.............19       "
Public Library........{        "
Race Course............2J      "
Reservoir...........2 A      "
Rolling Mill*  ..........4
Rosehill Park.........3 miles.
Schlitz' Park......* ...1£      "
Shooting Park........8
Soldier's Home.........4 J      "
Stock Yards...........3
St. Francis College.   ...5       "
TTnion Cemetery...    .    3J      "
Union Depot.......... l|      "
Union Park...........4       "
Washington Monument.. J       "
Waterworks..........21      "
Waukesha.............16
Wauwatosa...........5       "
Whitefish Bay   .........4
Williamsburg...........3       "
The location -if the above points can be found either on the city or county map.
' ClNurora iiii &*&*&*****. niwiwit
Milwaukee Illustrated-—Blrdseye Yiew Yin.
Looking' Weot from Milwaukee Biver or Weet Water Street' to STinth. Street.
VTCdNUUf mi. MlUfVftVCtl.
The Street Car System.
m
HOW TO REACH THE VARIOUS PARTS OF THE CITY.
At the end of a pleasant journey, your train pull* in from the South along the Lake Shore, or from the North, pant the Seventh Ward Park, with its close-clipped lawns and well kept gravelled walk*, and atopH finally at the hca4*vf Wisconsin Street, not live miimfcwt walk due west from the heart of the City, or the Post Office Building, which i* the name thing.    Busses, Hacks, and Cabs await your orders.
Horse cars run within a convenient distance of this depot, connecting on East Water Street with the line* going North to Mitchell Heights ami South to Bay View, or, crossing Wisconsin Street (Grand Ave.) Bridge, connecting on West Water Street with all the West Side lines.
if you arrive in Milwaukee on any other line than the Chicago & Northwestern R'y or Milwaukee, Lake Shore <fc Western IVy, you will come in at the Union Depot.
All the West Side lines paw this Depot, and the East, Side line* within a'block; the fare on all is oniv five cents, and on the linen controlled bv one company you may he transferred to another car running tin a different direction without further charge.
The Went Side raw pan* the Plankinton 1 Inure and within half a block of the Republican House, the Railway House, 51 >Ye.st W:tf,er St., and tho Saint James, 09 Went Water St.
The East Side cars pass the Kirby House, the St. Charles I It lei on Market Square, also the Axtell and the Mcketson House, the Longley House, 188 Wisconsin St., the Lake View House, head of Wisconsin St.
Shoul&~you take a hack at the Depot, have a distinct understanding with your driver how much he will charge you. Tt saves you possible annoyance, and first impressions of a place are sometimes lasting.
There are three lines of Street Railways, reaching out in every direction to the different gardens, parks and suburbs of the city, namely the "City", "Cream City" and " West Side" lines. The fare on every one of them is 5 cents for each adult person. The Milwaukee City Railway
is on the North, West and South
Immanuel Prksbytkrxan Church, on Astur Street.                   o:j«.   *u~ ***„,•„ r,r,«« „„«„;„«
'                                                    bides,  the mam lines running
North and South.   The cars marked National Avenue, Thiri> and Walnut Sts., showing a white light
at night, leave Walnut and Sixteenth streets, pass down Walnut by the North Side Turner Hall and Schlitz'
Park to 3rd, passing Schlitz1 Brewery down 3rd past No. 2 Engine House, crossing Chestnut St. to West
Water St. within half a block of the Republican House, down West Water passing 2nd Ward Bank to
Grand Avenue, half a block from Plankinton House, down West Water passing the Goodrich  Dock and
the other Steamboat Landings, over Menoraonee Bridge to Reed St., passing the Union Depot, down Reed
to National Avenue, up National Avenue passing No. 3 Engine House and the South Side Turner Hall to
National Park, about one mile from Soldiers' Home Gate j this line connects at 11th Avenue with the Forest
Home line running to Forest Home Cemetery and Rose Hill Park without additional fare.
The cars marked Railroad and Third Sts. leave the Shooting Park on 3rd Street, running down this Street within a short distance of the Reservoir, to Walnut Street, thence over the same route as the National Avenue and Walnut St. line to National Avenue, thence South on Reed from National Avenue to Railroad f now < rreenfield \ venue) to 4th V venue, in House of Correction. Car* of this link show a red i igiit a»* NfniiT.
The <;ir« marked W ihiirNOTo.v, State and Eighth Streets, showing a blur light at night, leave the Bane Ball Park, Wright and 12thSts., on Wright to 8th, down 8th and Germania, passing Schlitz' Park /
Caspar <fc Zahn's Souvenir and Guide.
K.  O'NEILL,  PRE8IJ>ENT.
R. NrNNKMACHER, Cashier.
erehants Exchange lank,
CAPITAL, $IOOOOO.]             MIILVWATTiKZIffiiHi.,   ^TX0-             [SURPLUS $200,000.
ThcsorviceRof this bank aro reHpeetfully offered to hank*, bankera and the general publle. The purchase an<t saleof domestic and foreign exchange a speelnlty. Deal In all the itwucw of United Rtates bonds. Hpeciul attention given to collections on all partH of the country.   t»afe deposit vaults; Safes of all sizes to rent.
CORRESPONDENTS:—MERCHANTS NATIONAL HANK. NEW YORK.—FIRST NATIONAL RANK, CHK'AOO. NATIONAL RANK OF THE COMMONWEALTH, BOSTON.
(plie (Ijisconsin JEarine at iFire Insurance (Sompaiuj Bank.
—^ESTABLISHED   I830J***"
A GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS DONE.                     -_-..-.
The Stockholders are Individually Responsible without Limit for all the LiahilitieB of the Bank
3VIexntitter SNitcfitfif.  I'kknioknt.
XI. ?«rett9oit, Pahhiku.
3of|ji 3of|n»toit. Ash't Pahhikk.
KRUSE & BARKER,
Iteam and das Hitters,
^eSTEIM lEWIIfi llfl VEHTIUTIHG1infllUTI.gfr
SOLE AGENTS  FOR THE Walker & Pratt Manufacturing Co's Cast Iron Safety Sectional
ste4js£ heating apparatus.
450 EAST WATER ST., (Market Square), Telephone  131.
GEORGE BURROUGHS,
MANUFACTURE K OP
Traveling Bags,   Shopping Sacs,   etc.
hah and U20 ftwt WaUr Street.                 MIL WA UKEE.
432 RROADWAY,
MILWAUKEE, WIS.
Wholesale and Retail
#-MCSI€ • DEALER-#
Violins, (iuUars, ZWirrs, Strings of i "<rtt d&zcriplioii.
Awonh tut*   tJntu'i iiints, Sim I Musis, rtr.
AK<*iit    t«»r    Fischer'*   llrnss and   Htring   Instruments.
PIANOS AND ORGANS. Even riniin }«* warranted for five years, and will be kept lit :uiif for i«o years free ot eharKje.     f'itOtloftuff/i'"
LOUIS M. PIERRON,
Successor to C. Hermann & Co.,
STONExWARExFAGTORY,
0£fi.-=f9, 33 To3a.33.so3a. St „ '^uCU-^ra.'u.lcee
HIANt'ISF. LAOWIU.
HENRY C. SCHRANCK-
o
LRBUI1G & SCHRRNCK,
473, 475 & 477 East Water St.,
( Jrand Opera House,)
-*•-----      ------------          * MILWAUKEE-
Hack Ordinance.
87
to 7th, on 7th to State, down State passing the Expedition Building to 3rd, thence over the same route a* the National Avenue and Walnut St. line to National Avenue, thence South on Reed St. to Washington St., Washington St. to 11th Avenue, connecting there with the Forest Home line to Forest Home Cemetery and Rone Hill Park without additional fare.
The oars marked Cihwtnut Strkrt ani> Tnion Dkpot, showing a grkkn lkwt at night, leave the Driving Park on Chestnut and 27th Streets down Client nut, pausing within a block ami a half of Milwaukee Garden, pawing the Best Brewery, to 3rd St., thence over the same route as the National Avenue and Walnut St. line to the Union Depot. Passengers are transferred from this line to any other line operated by this company without additional fare.
"Flu* "Cream City" (East Side) Road has two lines and passengers are transferred on it on one fare.
The car with a rod sign leaves Murray Avenue at Bradford Street, passing to Ogden, to Jackson, to Mason, down Mason to East Water Street.
The other branch leaves East Water St. at the head or northern tevminus of Jefferson 8t., passing down East Water to Clinton Street and Kinnickinnick Avenue to Russell Avenue in Bay View.
These cars pass the following places:  Court House, the Kirby House, the Axtel and Ricketson houses.
The "West Side Railway" has its eastern terminus at the C. <k N. W. Depot on Wisconsin Street.
The ear painted red (and carrying at night a red light) follows down Wisconsin St. and Orand Ave. to Eleventh Street, then to State, to Twelfth, and on Twelfth to North St. ^
The yellow ear (carrying at night a green light) passes over the *»ame route as far as Wells Street, and on Wells Street to the city limits.
There is a n ot he r branch of this road from Twelfth Street on Sherman to Sch'litz' Park. On this line also passengers can be transferred without extra fare.
The " West Side R'y" cars all pass the Post Office, and the Plankin-ton House, within one block of the Kirby House,    and    have   a                                        Temple Emanu-El, on Broadway.
branch from Grand Avenue on Fifth Street to the Exposition Building.
The ''Forest Home Railway", a branch of the Cream City Railway, passes along Mitchell Street and Forest Home Avenue, connecting with the City Railway at the Junction of Fourth Avenue.
The "City Railway" has also a Forest Home branch from National Avenue, along Eleventh and Muskego Avenues to Forest Home. Passengers are transferred free at National Avenue, or at Washington Street.
The Hackdriver is generally reported as a fiend in human form, but thanks to 'he existence of street car lines in every direction, and a well defined city ordinance, the Milwaukee variety is tame. Still it is just as well to know what he can charge, and make an agreement with him before starting„out to do the  town.
The ordinance allows him the following scale of charges, but a little extra human kindness never hurts any of us, you know !
In order to avoid compliance with the rules, hackmen very often refuse to carry persons at the rates stipulated by the city ordinance, claiming they are engaged. After asking whether the coach is vacant, enter it, ami fell the driver the place you desire to reach. Should he, after you are in the coach, ask mure than the regular rates, order him to drive you to the Police Headquarters, or the Mayor's office. Vou will   have no  further trouble.    Probatuni e*i '
1      Not over i )iir persons, or*e-half hour, $1.00; one hour, $2.00; each additional hour, $1.00. •J.     Beiween :i;iv railroad or steamboat station, and hotel or private house within city limits, one or i\\i. )MT*<ni* <:ime familv. $1 00; each additional member, 50 cents.
COttHttHTlO V
Milwaukee Illustrated.— Birdseye View HE  '
LfOOfctair W**t from Reed Street and the Old Union Depot  to MuaXeifo Avenue.
11 Why ik» tiiky call it tub Crkam City?"                                              89
• \.    One-horse coach hy the hour, $1.25, each additional hour, 75 cents.
\. To or from railroad station or steamboat landing, and hotel, 50 cents each, children under five year* no charge, between iiv« and fourteen years, half price.                                                                              r
5.    One trunk ami twenty-live pounds additional baggage each passenger without further charge.
.;B.    " riieirurncy" has been hut recently introduced—fa re one mile or le»s,25cts.; over one mile, 50 cts.
7-. The Hansom, the vehicle par excellence for a case where "Iwo is company", has the same rah s of fare as t lie (iurney.
The regular Cabstands are near (irand Avenue south, opposite the Plankinton House on West Water Sireet. and on Kast Water Street, notth of Wisconsin Street.
Ft. Paul's Cnuncu, Corner Marshall and Knapp Streets,
The regular stands for Express Wagons are on Market Square, on Broadway nortli and south of Wisconsin Street, and on Second Street north of Grand Avenue, and on Third Street near Chestnut.
But why do they call tt.thk Cream City?
Ts it because its Lager is,—well just a little more creamy than any other in the two hemispheres ?
Just call for " Zwei Lager" yourself.—" It may have,—something to do with the case."
Although it may be difficult to give a positive or decisive answer to the oft-repeated question •' Whv do they rail it the Cream Cil> ', whether it may be on account of its population bein^ the "Cr&me la < Verne", or whether it derives the title throng* its advantageous Ignition, securing the cream of the northwest trade — r from its celoriitcd rrenmv 1 .iger Beer, or from the beautiful cream colored brick uliieh are hen* mnnufai tur m! :md Mi> lirgelv enter into the,construction of its buildings, — all o{ these wt'\pr:il oVfinithms have their anient supporter*, hut it m most likelv  that the  last   « ;ie   enumerated   is the
r.i. -1  . • ¦? n • 1    nwwiT tn t lie   • pjest ion
90                                                                   Taints op Interest.
St. Mary's (Catholic) Church, Cor. Broadway and Biddlb STREiPfT
POINTS OF INTEREST, WORTHY OF A VISIT.
The Exposition Building, erected in 1881, occupies the entire block bounded by State, Fifth, Sixth,, and Cedar Streets. It was opened to the public in September, 1881, the first Exposition of Arts and Manufactures being held there at that time. — The Main Hall is the largest in the state, and can seat 12,000" people comfortably. An elevator ascends to the monster dome, from which a lovely view of the city can be obtained. At night the building can be lit by electricity, and ventilation is perfect. — The Public Museum is in the Exposition Building, occupying fire-proof rooms on the left side of the central corridor, entering frorti Fifth Street. It is a Museum of Natural History and Ethnology, maintained aJUhe expense of the city, and its doors are thrown open to visitors free of charge during the following hours throughout the year: Saturdays from 1 o'clock in the afternoon to 9 in the evening; Sundays from 9 to 12 in the forenoon; other days from 1 to 5:30 in the afternoon*
The collections comprise over 39,000 specimens belonging to the following departments: Zoology 18,000; Botany 6,000; Palaeontology 3,000; Mineralogy and Lithoiogy 5,000; Ethnology 7,000; the Library haB 500 vols. The total value is estimated at $45,000. The foundation of the Museum was laid by the late Prof. P. Engelmatm, whose portrait embellishes this Souvenir, the founder and for over 20 years director of the German arid Engrsh Academy. In 1851 Prof. Engelmann began collecting specimens for the purpose of making his instructions in Natural History object-teaching. In 1857 he and 21 other progressive men formed the "Naturhistorischer Verein von Wisconsin" which society established the Museum and maintained it until 1883, when the collections were presented to the city of Milwaukee, in trust and on the condition that the Museum be maintained for the purposes of science and education held in view by the founders. The Common Council accepted the gift, which was transferred to its present quarters in May 1884. NAt about the same time a nuriaber of citizens generously donated $12,000, wherewitj) a large collection of specimens was bought. Recently another RulMrription resulted in the tlonation of an archaeological cabinet, purchased for $2,000.
Entering, what has been fitly styled "Engelmann Hall" in commemoration of the founder, the vis-itor'M attention i* first directed to a large glara case, containing the giraffe, lion and lioness, kudu, polar bear, black bear, kangaroo, tapir, lama, a -a bite deer and other large quadrupeds.    Especially   interesting
The Public Museum.
91
is the B. F. <ioss col lection of eggs, containing over 2,200 beautifully prepared and arranged eggs in nattt-^ ral sots, representing five-eighths of all the North American birds known to science. To the left of themrge mammal rase will be found a group of flamingos from Africa, Mrs. Flamingo attending to her duties on i Ire high nest built of mud and reeds in one of the lagoons near the sandy coast. On the wall above is a relief representation of a number of the "animal mounds'* or "emblematic mounds" surveyed by the late Prof. i. V. Lapham. In the alcove to the left are exhibited a collection of Indian garments, weapons and other relics and a systematic collection of minerals. Turning back to the main part of Engelmann Hall,. the visitor finds a collection of fossils, principally from the geological strata cropping out in Wisconsin, but •a\«> from other states of the Union and other parts of the globe. Near the entrance to the second large-room a j;la.cscase contains the alcoholic collection and a series of curiously shaped crabs, seemingly ruled l»y the long-armed "Giant Crab ', suspended on the wall alcove the case. Passing through the door to the south we stop in mute wonder at the ponderous skeleton of the, Megatherium Cuvieri, which seems to guard tin* entrance to 'Lapham Hall", ho called in honor of another promoter of science in Milwaukee. \e\t to it, on the central platform, we ft ml a 40-foot skeleton of the finback-whale, the skulls of the Dinoth-eiuun, IHprotnton and Mastodon, the Ulyptodon, a huge ancestral relative o»" the armadillo, and the gigantic land-turtle from the Sewalik Hills of East India. Along the eastern wall we see a case of smaller mammalia,among them the beaver, opossumr badger, duck-billed platypus, porcupine, ant-eater, armadillo and the armor-covered man is. Ninesimi-lar cases contain more than 1000 mounted birds from all parts of the world, including humming-birds, sun-birds, birds of paradise, lyre-birds and many brilliant and interesting fot*ms from all climates.
On,e of the most valuable parts >s the collection of skeletons, representing many   orders,     families,
genera and species of mammals, birds, reptiles and fishes. A case extending nearly the who^e length of the west wall contains a systematic series of casts of noted fossils, arranged in zoological order from: the Neanderthal skull down through all the classes and orders of extinct animal life to the sponges and foraminifers* Next we find a collection of mounted reptiles and fishes; then of apes, among which the orang-outang and ehampanzee are conspicuous. Students of anthropology will be attracted by a case containing cadjbs of the skulls of human races and casts of brains of men and animals. In the alcove north of this we find;another ease of mammals including the great flying animals: fruit-bat or flying fox of India with 36 inches spread. of wings, tlie flying squirrel of India, 24 inches spread, and the Colugo of Borneo, 24 inches spread. In t he same alcove will be seen a collection of rocks of all the principal formations of the earth's crust, a very fine collection of marbles, casts of meteorites, casts of the largest gold nuggets, a collection of genuine meteorites, models of crystals, the largest diamonds in the world and other cut precious stones. Returning to-Lapham Hall we see, along the west side of the central platform, a series of aquatic monsters apparently ready to crawl or swim in search of victims: the alligator, the Indian crocodile, the dreadful Ganges gaviai, the hammerhead and other sharks, the saw-fish and the electric eel. The pinnipeds and sirens are represented by a splendid walrus, several seals, and a manatee. Wending our way back to Engelmann Hall we--ee a collection of fossils too large to fiud room in the palaeontological cases, and several cases filled with ethnological and archaeological relics, such as garments, implements of war and peace, used by Moundbuil-ders, Indians, and the savages of Africa, the S uth Sea Islands and rusway other parts of the globe. The inJleetion of copper implements i* one of the 1 argent in existence; the flint arrow and lance-heads, the stone axes and celts, and ihe articles from the lacustrine pile-dwellings of Switzerland will interest many visitors; thn«*e having a taate for literary curiosities will be gratified to find some ancient documents and manuscripts ..f. vl.-hr iied men. A line collection of corals, Rea-fans, sponges, star-fishes and ot her marine invertebrates lead-* n- hack to the entrance door.    The walls are ornamented with pictures of scenes from the dim past of
The Exposition Building, Fifth Street, Between State and Cedar.
92                                                             Art Galleries op the City.
geological history, representations of the principal divisions of fossil and recent animal life, large casts of fossils and a number of normal as well as curiously misshaped antlers of deer and related animals. — Specimens presented are gratefully received and due credit is given to donors on labels, in the records a»d in the printed reports. The present custodian of the public museum, Mr, Carl Doerflinger, is a gentlemen eminently qualified for the responsible position he occupies, and under his care the arrangement of the museum has reached a high degree of perfection.
Jn the basement of the Exposition Building are the rooms of the Wisconsin Fish Hatchery, for the protection and propagation of fish in the rivers and lakes of the State. Here the entire process of hatching from the spawn, method of shipment, etc., and much that is interesting to more than the mere theorist can be practically studied.
Opposite the Exposition Building < n Cedar Street is the Panorama Building, containing the picture of "Grant's Assault on VicksbUrg", a work of art which has been a paying investment Indeed for itsowners, and the admiration of the many thousands who have visited it. Jt is a pleasant place for friends to meet, and while away an hour.
Walking eastward a few blocks to Grand Avenue if in search of amusement, rather than intelligence, drop in at the Dime Museum, nearly opposite the Plankinton House.   The freaks ami cranks are not all
Residence op Alex. Mitchell on Grand Avenue, and Country Seat.
on the bills, and the audience affords frequently as much amusement to a student of human nature as the performers, human and animal.
The monster grain elevators in the Menomonee Valley can be nearly reached by either the east or west side street cars going South; and the idea of their capacity to handle the product of the greatest grain producing centre of the globe, can be better understood, by standing at the base of one of them, and looking sky-ward, or by seeing a propeller loaded, from the top of one of them, than by studying many columns of figures, or pages of adjectives.
The Public Art Gallery, on the corner of Mason and Jefferson Streets, is the munificent gift to the cily from Mr. F. Layton, one of its earliest settlers and highly respected citizens.
The private galleries of Mr. Metcalf, the Tion. Alex. Mitchell, atsd John L. Mkchell, contain many valuable works; In that of the former are "The Midnight Sun*' by Oesterly; "The Gateway of Cordova" by Alex. Wagner; and "The Cloister Almsgiving" by.Burckhardt. Among those owned by Mr. John L. Mitchell is the "Evening in the Hamlet of Finisterre" by Jules Breton, purchased lately in New York for $18,200.
Tub Public Library.
9a
The Public Library, free to all inhabitants ot the city and maintained by public taxation, is situated on (jrand Avenue, between Fourth and Fifth Streets. The foundation of the library was laid a* early as 1847 by the Young Men'* Association, which accumulated a collection of about 10,000 volumes, and circulated them among the members of the association until 1878, when its property was transferred to the city an a free gift. Since that time, the number and value of the books has been constantly growing, until it now contains nearly 8(>,000 volumes in all departments of literature. The use of all the books within the building in open to everybody, as also in the Reading Room, while the withdrawal of books for home use is restricted to actual residents, but may be accorded to temporary visitors in the city on condition of a small deposit with the librarian, which is returned when these privileges are surrendered. The Reading Room is an unusually pleasant and cheerful room, and contains files of the leading European and American journals and daily papers from all the large cities of the Union, to the unrestricted use of which all strangers are invited during the regular library hours, front.!) A. M. to 9 P. M.
A more scholarly, cordial mannered gentleman than the present librarian, Mr. K. A. Linderfelt, is ran iv found in such a position.
The east side line of cars takes you nearly to the Water-works Park and pumping works at the North Point, which every visitor should see.    The view over the lake from the park is superb, mid a passing look
should be given the mons-ter Corliss engine, (which far exceeds incapacity the one so much vaunted ami admired at the Centennial at Philadelphia) ever ceaselessly and silently pumping Jjie water to the watertower on the top of the high bluff behind it. When the engineer in charge tells you, that the engine was built in Milwaukee, at the Allia works, and that the Water Tower was designed by C. A. Gombert, a Milwaukee architect, your interest in the city and its people increases. From whatever •view the Water Tower is seen, whether a mere tall speck on the horizon „                     _         _           miles away, from any of
Library Building, Grand Avenue, Between Fourth and Fifth Sts.      the points of view around
the city, or at its foot at any time of day, the handsome grey monument, in shadow or sunshine, is always beautiful. The tourist who returns from Europe after gazing at the triumphal columns of the slayers of men, the Trajans, Nelsons, and restored Vendome, never fails to admire "The Monument to Cleanliness," the utilitarian, and eminently American column of the Northwest—The Water Tower of Milwaukee!
A short distance along the Lake Shore, if the day is fine and you are disposed for a walk, you will find the Industrial School, St. Mary's Hospital, St. Joseph's Asylum, and the Government Lighthouse. Visible miles away over the waters, in winter's storm and summer's calm, the flash-light of Milwaukee has cheered many a heart with its brightness, though appearing but a moment in the darkness, to re-appear again, if earnestly watched for.
Away off, on the other or south side of the bay, on Jones' Island, is the. Life Saving Station, a visit to which will well repay you, especially if you are not used to the ways of "Men who go down to the sea in 'ships." Quiet, modest, and retiring, unless the moment occurs to prove what they are made of, you will find the men of the life saving station ready to welcome you, and show the government apparatus in their care. When ordinary humanity shrinks back, calmly, never losing a chance in their favor by excitement, they have again and again risked their < -n lives to rescue those unknown to them. The simple record of "lives lost in service," is their Book of Martyrs.
Among the noticeable building* are the Court House, built of red sandstone from Lake Superior,and .St. Paul's Church, constructed of the same material.    The windows in the latter edifice are especially beau-
94
Police Force and Fire Department.
tiful by day from the inside, or from the outside when the building is lit up at night, some of them costing many thousand dollars, forming one of the objects of interest of a summer's evening for good innocent young couples who are "verlobt," or thinking about it.                                                                       l
Descending from the realms of Cupid and Religion to Life Insurance and Commerce, there is the new Insurance Building at the corner of Broadway and Michigan Streets, the Chamber of Commerce, where the Bulls and the Bears, the Lambs and their Shearers assemble and hold sweet counsel together. Non-members are not admitted to the Chamber of Commerce during the transaction of business, unless introduced by a member; strangers, however, are allowed to occupy the visitors' gallery. The Mitchell Building is a fitting monument to the success of its owner.—All three were completed within the past few years, and are evidence of the steady, solid business growth of the city.
The new Library Building on Grand Avenue, the German Theater on Third Stre<f, the Republican
House, the Freie Gemeinde and the new "Milwaukee" Turner's Hall sustain the West Side enterprise, and
although the Plankinton House can now accommodate 1200 guests, at the rate it keeps on extending, west
4ind south around the corner each year, it will soon want another block to receive its further enlargements.
The Armory of the Light Horse Squadron on Broadway, on the east side, built of grey stone, is also
new.    It is large enough to accommodate a regiment comfortably in case of
necessity.   The headquarters of the Police Department are next door, and
the County Jail, Sheriff's Office, and Central Fire Engine Station are all
located in new buildings across the street.
The police force of Milwaukee, is, when compared with the size of the city, very small in numbers, yet owing to the peaceable and law-abiding character of the inhabitants, it has always been found adequate to enforce the law to its fun extent. Since the introduction of the police patrol and police telegraph alarm systems the efficiency of the Police^ force has been greatly augmented.
With great pride and satisfaction Milwaukeeans have always pointed to their far-famed Fire Department.   The appointments in every respect are most excellent — the engine-houses models of convenience and cleanliness, the engines and the hose-carts of the most modern and approved patterns and the appliances for saving life and property unsurpassed.   The men are carefully selected both as regards their physical and mental fitness to serve as firemen and the discipline of the department is of the highest order. By means of the fire alarm telegraph system instant notice is given in every engine-house of a fire in any part of the city, and, as the horses are trained to take their proper stations at the sound of the bell, ready harnessed, the engines leave their quarters in less than a minute's time from moment of the alarm.
The Post Office, and the old Insurance Building, both on Wisconsin Street, were admired when erected.
Among the many buildings erected for public worship, are Immanuel Presbyterian Church, in plain grey stone, with slanting peaked roofs, and the Temple Emanu-Ei — the old extreme East, and the new far West, living in peace and tolerance together. All creeds and languages are represented among church buildings, and if you are prayerfully disposed, you can here be accommodated in almost every form, faith, or language.
Should you desire to spend your Sunday forenoon by listening to a lecture on a scientific or philosophical theme, go to the Freie Gemeinde (Freethinker's) Hall on Fourth Street, between Cedar and State. Admission is free.
One of the loveliest walks in any city of the country "is the Lake Shore Promenade, called Juneau Park, fronting on the Lake, the entire length of the Seventh Ward, from Wisconsin Street to Juneau Avenue, giving the observer an excellent opportunity to watch the many steamers and sailing vessels entering the harbor or passing up or down the lake. The view over the Bay on a moonlight ndght from one of the comfortable benches on the top of the bluff, is enchanting, and greatly admired. The light ship out beyond the breakwater, the lights of the city extending                                  to the North, Bay View with its iron furnaces, and St. Francis away to the South, can also be seen fronji this point.
If you are a disciple of gaiety, music, mirth, and laughter, rather than of moonlight and sentiment, go Went, young man, follow the electric guiding star, visible from all parts of the city, and you will arrive safely at Sohlitz' Park.    Beautiful by day, the forest crowned hill in the western part of the city is doubly
The Water Tower.
Parks and Places of Amusement.
Hall of Turn-Verein *' Milwaukee " on Fourth St., near State.
beautiful at night, when its broad avenues are ablaze with parti-colored lights, its shaded walks, aparkllug fountains, and well-lit summer theater, would bring smiles to the face of a pillar-saint.   Hero you cap d»f joy a Cate-Chantant, Proraenade Concert, and a weil-served supper at the hotel at the entrance, all at one©. The Park in front of the Court House with its flowers and fountains is a pleasant place to linger
while waiting for a friend or the horse-car.-—An enjoyable promenade is on Prospect Avenue, or on Grand Avenue, West of Ninth Street, until you are tired, when the friendly horse-car is ever at your service.
Then there is the Reservoir Park crowning what was once known as ''Kilboum HiJL" the lop of which is as high as the dome of the Courtxlouse. No handsomer view of 4he entire city, harbor and lake, can be obtained anywhere than* from here. The Reservoir has a capacity of 21,500,000 gallons, and there is a gravelled walk around the edga of the miniature lake.
The city papers always contain announcements of the amusements of the day, and strangers will do well to consult the amusement columns of the papers, and make programme accordingly.—Many sources of amuse* ment are open to citizens through the different clubs,— artistic and literary—and entree to most of them can be had on introduction by a member.
If the evening is not too warm for indoor amuBe-{.jments, there is the Opera House, cor. JCast Water and Oneida Streets, well-lit and ventilated, with prices to suit everybody.   The baldheads in the parquet of this theater are usually so planted, that seen from above or behind, their heads form the letters of the word "Welcome I" The New Academy on Milwaukee Street, near Wisconsin St. is entirely refitted and re-arranged. The People's Theater on West Water St. near Grand Ave., is a popular resort for the middle classes. The German Theater on Third Street has a first-class German stock company. The North Side Theater on Walnut Street, and Side Theater have  regular German
the Soull troupes.
Milwaukee Garden, on State Street, is one of the oldest of tlte many Gardens frequented by the social German element; it can be reached by either the Twelfth Street or Chestnut Street cars.
Miller's Garden is at the end of the Wells Street car line; it has comfortable arbors and halls and the hill on which it is located is amply shaded on the warmest summer day, and a lovely view of the Menomonee Valley can be had from its many Ik tie lunch tables.
Greenfield Park is at the corner of 22d and Greenfield Avenues.
Conrad's Grove, summer garden, is on National Avenue west of the city limits.
Bunteschu's is a cozy gathering place for families, on the Kilbourn Road, south of the city limits, where you will always be well treated.
The National Park at the corner of National and 22il Avenues, has troops of friends, and whether it i« a sleigh-ride supper in midwinter, a sketch from "La vie de Boheme " or a monster picnic in midsummer, with all the Press present » time you had,—at holh !"
Rose Hill Park, readied bv both the Cream City and National Avenue Street railway lines, is almost opposite the Forest Home Cemetery; it should he visited, should you need cheering up, after driving through the resting place of "the great majority."
Frkie Gbmeinde Hall on Foubth Street, Between State and Cedak Streets.
keep order, you are *ure to remember, "how good a
96
One Bay in Milwaukee.
The Shooting Park (Sehuetzen-Park) is in great favor for the numerous picnics which are held throughout the summer, and its shady walks are greatly admired by the many young people who are its regular visitors; this Park is open to the public by permission from the Rifle Society who own It.
It must be admitted, that in the matter of Public Tarks or Squares, Milwaukee isnotso well provided as some of her sister cities. Among the breathing places are the Juneau Park, Fourth Ward Park, Second Ward Park, Cold Spring Race Course, the Eighth Ward Park, and the Union Park at Bay View.
Milwaukee Garden, Fourteenth Street, Between State and Prairie Sts.
A BAY IN MILWAUKEE.
r If you have but one day in Milwaukee, and only time to see the outside of the city, take a carriage in the morning, drive out Grand Avenue, through the Menomonee Valley, and to Soldiers' Home, into the princely grounds which the nation has prepared for its disabled Volunteers. Broad avenues, miniature lakes, calm shady walks, and rustic bridges; fiowergardens and conservatories, sunny slopes, and grand old woods; and in the midst, a home for every one who was disabled, that our country might not be. No visitor to Milwaukee should fail to go there; every year the men who did the work are becoming fewer, and their hair whiter, and a drive through the Home, which the nation they saved has prepared for them to pass their remaining years in, cannot but be, perhaps, the noblest thing to remember of a trip to Milwaukee, Passing out of the gate, onto the Mukwonago Road over to Forest Home, up the silent path we all must take some day past the blooming parterres and the leafless graves, fountains and evergreens, monuments and memories. Those wishing to visit Forest Home, may do so on any day in the week, as the cemetery is open to visitors daily from sunrise to. sunset. Returning from this beautiful place of rest and again entering the city on the South Side, all the solemn reflections which thronged upon you in quiet Forest Home, are at once dispelled by the turmoil of a busy cities' life—by the views of the grain elevators, shipping, canals, lumberyards and freight depots in the Menomonee Valley. If you have time left, turn to the right and drive through Bay View, passing its Rolling Mills and factories, out to the College of St. Francis on the Lake, and return through the business part of the city.
After dinner, or lunch as you will, order your carriage again, and take in the East Side, tell your driver to\go round about in the Seventh Ward, through the parked streets, passing Court Hogs© and Juneau Parks, so out Prospect Avenue, onto the far-famed White Fish Bay road. It m not the sheH~j?oad of New Orleans, but drive-out the White Fish Bay road in good lively company, and see which you prefer! Those who have tried both, say it depends on the company. You pass a dozen places lo stop at, and see the view; and the more frequently you stop, the more lovely the view becomes. Passing teams of all sorts, from the staid family carriage, to the dashing phaeton of * la darae de qui on dit beaucoup de mal/' everything
¦ ¦: \         -#^C. R GASPAR>**- '¦:'' \:)
BOOK: * E3^E<DItitTi4E
j)iiali;u in axi> ntroinucn of
AMERICAN, BRITISH, GERMAN AND FRENCH BOOKS,
i—   A 3ioi©3D ti *i,:riL.cL  Mociorxx. -*- -{'atitlo'HH1'! of New mut .*W«eoml hnml Book^ in Stock furmNheil Kieo to any AddvcMH on Application* o   437 East Water Street, Market Square, Telephone *13'i.   Milwaukee, Wis.
SHp4«utiu\
«W Direct Chmntctton*with all Foreujn CmmtrUa —Awj Book in quy Laityimfic OMmm<(.    " Qui <y J-rini" Bwiei* tip&kt,0&^   Vonvvpoii--
den<* Solivitid.      Public and Private Librmic* a ifyceialty.                                           <f
Hints to Booklovers and Bookbuyers. Read and. Observe!
To Correspondents.
We want to Near from every one who contemplates
making purchases.    Every book  in  any   language, new
or old, 'published either in 'this country or abroad,   may
be obtained through us at a moderate price.
^        Importation orders will  receive  prompt attention,
Having purchasing agent* in Bngland, Germany, France
'land other  Countries.    Foreign  books are furnished  at
Aibtmt 40 cents to the shilling, mark, or franc, which  in
chides United States duty, transportation, etc., delivered
at Milwaukee. j        Books or prints advertised by any other  house, are I also to be had through us a% the same or""lower price. Book Hunting a Specialty.          __
We know no such word as fail! Nearly every man of intelli-gencewantssome book which he I cannot find. We make it our business to hunt up such books and get you any book printed anywhere at any time. The longer you have looked for the same without success, the better it will suit us, as you will be all the more pleased with our services. We have filled thousands of orders for books which could not have been supplied by ordinary booksellers. Sometimes it may take months <o trace a book which is i out ot print," but we emphatically wish to state to the book-buying public, that it would be a waste of time to ask if we can* furnish a certain book. Send your money (or if price is unknown, $L00to $2.00 on account) and the book will be for warded to your address, or if not in stock, ordered for ' you, otherwise the amount paid will be returned.
About books, ot which it is known that they are "out >f print" viz: not in stock any more with the publisher, we will advertise in such Booksellers Journals which >,nre read by all booksellers and those dealers who have still copies of the desired book in stock, they will notify us and '•mote prices. We charge for such advertisement* the • luminal price of 25 Cents for each title of each book and j.ou are requested to send us this amount in Postage Clamps in case you wish to have researches made in tliis Mianner.
When a certain book is wanted, always state as near
.s possible all particulars known : The author's name in-
*    ill, and nationality of the  same,  full   title,   publisher,
ire   ;in«l    year   of   publication,   edition,   number   of
• lines Mize,.Rtvle of binding, eU\, especially   i \yoti
',   |<«   get   ftooks   whieh   are   ""Hit   of   print"   or   odd
i ,iin.  $If "in print," wo will   *mu\   you   a   new   and
ii . opv from our Htwrk or the   publisher   nl  once.     If
t print" and not in stock, we will procure a second-
i  , .,pv   in   tfood   condition   as tuwin   as   possible.     A
;   ..,.in il b.M>k-hunler nml expert  in bibliography  in
.    twaii W.) out of 10<) books,  if the rteee**;»rv infor-
. regard to the ivook and lime to search is given.
Subscription Books,    ;   ' *   All subscription books, works published itt parts, 6r books ndfc in the trade generally, are also fu^afthed, arid in many cases good second-hand copies ma^r tfc hatiLafc. reduced prices.                                                      v        ^ ,
Periodicals and Newspapers. Subscriptions for all  periodicals and iiewstoapers of all kinds, both Jtemerican and foreign, are -solicited at the publisher's lowest rates.    Prices quoted; Magazines.    .
We have in stock a large number of .Harper's* and Century (Scribner's) Monthlies, arid other periodicrJ^ second-hand and in good condition, which we sfell clieap.. Special attention given to completing sets* A By odd number or volumes furnished.                     (
Books to be bound.
fn connection with our Book Emporium We have an. excellent bindery, which is under the eontroi-0f experienced workmen, and which is provided with modern machinery, tools, etc., to turn out durable and tasteful workmanship, either American or European style, at competing prices. Send in your books to bo bound's charges pre-paid, and state binding wanted.   w
Desiderata, or Books Wanted to Purchase. Any of our patrons who may be in possession of any of the following books, and wishing to exchange the same for others or to dispose of them for cash, will pleaee send us a full description, Mating author, title, date, and condition, and name lowest exchange or cash price :
Trial of Judge   Mubbell; Dana's   larger works on , Geology and Mineralogy; Gray's Anatomy: iJunglison's Medical Dictionary; Haswell's Engineer's Pocket Book'* Attfield's   Chemistry;   Darwin's   works;    Webster's"  or, Worcester's Unabridged  Dictionary; Wisconsin Sesnoh Laws for 1839 to 1853; Wisconsin Statutes 181.,;  Michi-an Statutes 1883; Blactotone's Commentaries; Bouvier's ,aw Dictionary; Harper's 'or Scribner's Monthly, vols. 1 to 7.    Any   late   Encyclopaedia or larger   Diction ary0 Any late work on Architec-f' ture, Carpentry, Technology, Engineering, Modern  Farm-¦   ing, Electricity, Science, Law, Botany, Medicine, books relating   to   American   Indians, Slavery, Mornioniem,  Sport, Erotica, Hibernica; Prints before  1^500 ;   first ^ editions   of British and American classics; Standard works by American Historians and Statesmen, and rare books in general,
School and Twt-books.
Of the ah<»v<# we have, besides a very large stock of new copies, several thousand second-hand or used volumes on hand. The latter will answer the aamr purpose j ikoy are warranted to be i>erfect and in good condition, and are furnished at about* half the regular price. A eat a-logtie of new and second-hand school booKs sent free on application to any address. We can use the following at a fair value in exchange or for cash*:  •
DesclmWl's Natural  Philosophy ; Dictionaries?, any
> '(i ^OA^A^'ebo^
"/V^V^C/'^
foreign or Webster's; Ilktories* Barnes5 Bf/tJVSl md Swinton's Outlines of World's History; .Harper's Lntin Lexicon; Geography: Complete Eclectic and Harper's^ Loom is* Treaty on Algebra and Geometry J Mill's Political Economy ; Ray7a New Practical Arithmetic; Phonography, by Pitman and Graham ; Ollendorff Language * Method* and Keys; Surveying, any late edition,
P* 8.—As a rule, wo can use most any new and fresh school-book* if latent edition and modern date, but cannot use old editions of school-books in any shape. Disposing of Books,
Wo are prepared to purchase, books of every description for cash, or will take the name in exchange for others, but cannot make a true estimate, except the books are sent (freight prepaid) to our address, whereupon we will inform the sender by return mail what they are worth to us* Should our oiler not prove acceptable, we return the books immediately.
(Refer to Merchants' Exchange Bunk, this city.) Catalogues of Books in Stock.
We   have   in   stool-
large editions, fret\ to book lovers all over the country. If you wish to obtain them I > regularly, pleasestate thespeeialtiesyon are i u Ierested i n, and yon r . wldresf will(f>e placed on our sending lists, European '*liook«eU<iVjjLj;Ualogues (British, (ierrnan and French) ' are received daily and distributed gratis,
• The following catalogues wilt be forwarded to any
; address on receipt of a one-cent stamp :    1. < ieneral (;a~
. tntogue.. Classics,   Literatuie,   History,   Travels,    Law,
liural, Medical, Dictionaries, Fiction, Science. Median-
^ies, Juveniles, etc.    2. Catalogue of Practical, Techno*
% logical and Scientific books.    3.   Catalogue of  Medical
'Publications.    4,   Lager-Catalog der  vorrathigen deut-
schen Biicher.    5, Catalogue of School and Text-books
in stock,
Novelties, New;, old, rare ami scarce,  "ont.of the way/' antiqtta etcuripta, ** books of the dav," finely illustrated works. etc, are received constantly, and are open lor the inspec-* lion of our customers.
If you.are in town, pnv us a visit; you are quite welcome. We are glad to have you come and examine oltr stock whether you purchase or not.
Our Way of Buying- and Doing Business.
We purchase large quantities of all standard books kept in stock, and also everything else we may get orders '.for, direct from the publisher We buy for cashy giving our customem the ndvantnge of thiR only true method. Antiquarian or old books a re generally obtained in pro->¦¦ curing private libraries or in the Emopean markets. We have agents at every important book auction, as they arts frequently held in large cities, and maintain correspondence with nearly every antiquarian book-shop in the civilized world seaiddng for bo<?ks wanted. Our prices are moderate, as our advantages are such that w*s can afford to sell cheap. Through our catalogues, w* ? otter many bargains to book-hneis, but we wish It understood! that we do not my that we can sell books below actual cost, as some of our competing hook-butchers ehum in their advertising sheets to- U*e public Wo are'sat is-tied with a moderate compensation tor our trouble, en-v~;?blsng \\h Jo do a legitimate business and to make'*an honest living We 1 :ive no li modem dr% goods bnr^ar/' and  no so-called  '* k heap J'-hu's boutique,''  and  claim
nive in over 25,000 volumesoi miscellaneous books. At intervals we issue catalogues of books four to six ji year-) actual I v on band,and , ^end the same in verjj items or with strangers.
no humbugJot< any kind ybut wo never s£$te( false;'-jpfti \>* Iteher*' pricey and neve>* m\i a book' h%hir thm Si^r market value. We,regard the fluctuation of;ttpAp and, honest competition to be the, only gjuifleb m business Iransaetions. We are Iwokaellers and no ".nnd^rseHers,n but we win not be undersold bv any would«d>e u nnder-seller1'. The reputation earned sinee 1878, the time of establishing this Book Emporium (which proved a perfect success), and the confidence gaiiied by our careful attention^ the w'ants of the book-buying public, We <lo not mean to loose through any neglect of ours.
On account of our long experience in the book trade, we have obtained quite a knowledge of books, winch we endeavor to u^a for ih& benefit of our customers We will o\\\& recommend to you the best works published on a certain Bpeeialty, and of new books kept in stock. " We only buy such editions as give most satisfaction in regard to price and merit.
Value of Old Books,
The value of antiquarian and second-hand bookn depends on their edit 104^ condition, scarcity, etc., and sl vou find the name book quoted in different lists at differ* cut prices, the explanation in always found in' the above. Terms. Our terms are strictly (ask with arder0 We can liol be burdened with the expense and risk of numerous smal account**, bills, statements, and subsequent collections ft is art impossibility for us to npoft an account for amah On large orders part payment f to be sent 0. O. D., or good city reference, are invariably required.
Bending Money.
Postal, Money or Express Orders, Registered Letters * and Drafts on Milwaukee or New York, are the best; , means of sending money*    If any of these modes .is' adopted, money may be sent at our risk*   Postage stamps "' are acceptable.                                                    '      \ ¦
Forwai'ding Books.        ,             \
All books shipped by us are Hafely wrapped in paper and packed or boxed free of (/targe. Boxes should be sent by freight, parcels by express and small packages by jnail, but owing to the insecurity of the United States mail, we do not undertake any risk if sent the latter way, and we would recommend to our customer** to have valuable books l* registered/' which coats but ,10 cents extra for each package.
Customers- wishing to present a book to any of .their . friends, may send a card containing their name and a dedication or inscription to be inclosed, and the book .« will be mailed by us direct to the desired address.          .
Address.                 "~
In every case write your full name and address distinctly, viz: Name^ Number and Street^ County and State, avoiding irregularities,
¦O'ri request, we forward gratis to any address^ some printed book Order-blanks, and envelopes with our printed address.
Inquiries,
All inquiries about books, etc, will receive   prompt   attention and will be answered punctually. A complete iEeference Library of Literary and Bibliographical works in various languages, and our long and practicalexperienc^ enables us to give a satisfactory answer to almost  any  question No. 437 east Water &\ r   [lx regard to books. Cor  MitKon . Call and examine-stock and prices.    Visitors are always welcome,    No trouble to show goods,' "Respectfully,         "^'""
C. N. CASPAR
Ancient and Modern Boohxelter and Importer\
BOOKS!     BOOKS??     1§
v A'systematical classification alphabetically arranged^ of the mtire dowtwfo ofln&j^ specialties in which yoit are interested a list of titles with prices of book$ published on the'f<
Publications on or relating to thefoUoioing subjects always in stock or will be q^imX^]^^0i of the bent or latest works on any specialty or topic, with quotatmi of' prices, may H fi(M&$ enclosing a 2-cent stamp.    $%&*English^ Gernum and* French Calalogtws of books in stocky <
Acoustics.
Acting and Actors.
Acute Diseases
Adventures.
Advertising.
Aeronautics.
^Esthetics.
Alchemy.
Alcohol.
Algebra.
Allegories.
Alloys.
Americana.
Americanisms.
Amphibia.
Amusements.
Anatomy.
Anglican Church.
Angling.
Anglo-Saxon.
Anthropology.
Antiquaria.
Antiquities.
Apple Culture,
Aquarium.
Archeology.
Architectural Style*.
Architecture.
Arctic Regions.
Arithmetic.
Art.
Artesian Wells.
Artillery.
Art-Workmanship.
Asphalt.
Assaying.
Asthma*
Astrology.
Astronomy.
Atheism.
Athletics.
Average.
Baking.
Banking.
Bankruptcy.
Baptism.
Base-Ball. /
Bathing.
Battles.
Beauty.
Beekeeping.
Beer-Brewing.
Belles-Lettres.
Bell-Hanging.
Belting.
Bibliography.
Billiard Playing.
Binding.
Biography'.*
Biology.
Birds.
Black-Art.
Blacking.
ithirkiumthing.
!U anting.    ^
Blenching.
Boating. Boiler Making. Bookkeeping. Botany. Boxing. Brass Casting. Brick Making. Bridge Building. Bronchitis. Bronze Casting. Brush Making. Buddhism. Building.
Business Education. Butchering. Cabinet Making. Call graph y. Calvinism. Cancer.
Candy Making. Capital Punishment. Card Playing. Carpentering. Carriage Works. Casting.
Catholic Theology. Cattle Raising. Cements and Limes. Ceramics.
Champagne Making. Charcoal. Chemistry. Chess and Draughts. Chocolate. Cholera. Christianity. Chronology Church Histon . Cider Making. Civil Engineering Cleansing. Climatology. Clock Making. Coal Mines. Collar Making. Coloring. Colors. Commerce. Commercial Law. Commercial Science. Common Law. Communism. Composing. Composition. Conchology. Confectionery. Confucius. ' Congregationalism. Consumption. Convents&Monaseeries Conversation. Conveyancing. Cookery. Co-operation. Copperwork Copperplnting.
Copyright. Cosmeticf^^-/
Costumes. Cotton Culture.  * Cotton Spinning. Courtship. Creation. Credit. Cremation. Croup. Crusades. Currency. Cultivation. Cutlery. Celluloid. Dairying. Dancing.
Danish Language. Darwinian. Deaf aim Dumb. Decoration. Debates. Pomocracy. Demonology. Denmark. Dentistry. Dermatology. Description. Designing. Determinism. Diagnosis. Dialects. Diarrhoea. Diet.
Diphtheritis. Discoveries. Diseases of Children. Di8ea8es.of Women. Distilling. Dogmatics. Dog
Domestic Animals. Domestic Economy. Domestic Medicine. Drainage. Dramatic Art. Draugh ing. Drawing ' Dressings Dress Making. Drilling. Drugs. ^ Dmidisra. Dutch Language. Dyeing. Dynamite. Ear Diseases. Education. . Election. Electric 1^1 Is. Electric Light. Electric Metallurgy. Electricity. Electrotvping. Electroplating.
Elevators.
Eloquence.
Emblems.,
Embryology.
Enameling.
'Energy.
Engineering.
Engines.
English Language.
Engraving.
Entomology.
Epidemics.
Episcopal Church.
Epitaphs.
Erotica.
Estimates.
Etching.
Ethics.
Ethnology.
Etiquette.
Etymology.
Evolution.
Exchange.
Explosives.
Extracts.
Eye Diheases.
Facet i a*.
Factories.
Fanning.
Fashion.
Federalism
Felting.
Female Diseases
Fencing.
Ferns.
Fever.
Fiction.
Field Sporte.
Finance.
Fine Aits.
Fire Arms.
Fire Engines*
Fire Extinguishing-.
Fire Works.
Fishing.
Flax Culture.
Floriculture.
Flowers,  Artificial.
Food and Diet.
Foreign Relations.
forestry.
Fossils.
Fractures.
Framing.
France.
Freemasonry.
Freet bought.
Free Trade.
Free Will.
French Language.
Fruit Culture.
Fuels.
Furnaces.
Furniture.
Galvanism.
Galvanoptastic.
Games, ,    - v>",'*^^ss
GamBBhdoa#^^|l
Gardeuing^;^;^^^ Gtw|itting,-^" Gauging.   ^$Mj Generative O**1***^-



Geognosy;   -v^asawsi
Geography..   ,    *4?1
Geology.         l  *>JX.,
Geometrical Sva^itfj^
Geometry. „, Vr> !!£$$
Germaiiica*    -*. \^*^§
German Language l*A^
Germany.
Gilding^   #      * /
Glass Making.   '
Glue.               /"
Government.
Granary,           f n
Graining. ,     cc
Grape Culture;*;
Greek Language;
Grinding
Gun Making.   M   V-'^*
Gymnastics.         * \v
Gynecology.        /-;v   '
Flair Dressing. -     ,   « /
Harness Making;   ^ >
Harden i ng&TemperitfgC
Heart Diseased , • ."  >
Pleat.
Heating.                  \,r ;
Heliotyping.      t\*t
Heraldry.                ^
Hibernica.        -    \ *
History.   .        ;     •   „
History of CiviUzatejf'.,
History of Literatl^g| ¦
Homeopathy.       V>' %t
Horsemanship.      ' W:
Horse Power..       '  /,{;
Horticulture.
Housekeeping.
Humorous.
Hunting,
Husbandry.
Hydraulics.                 **
Hydrostatics.
Hygiene.
Hypocrisv.
fee, Artificial.
Illumination.
immigration.
Bfuraortality.
llncunabula<
Fndian Languages.
Indians.
Indigestion.
tidustrial Art. lfantrv. Infidelity. Ink Making. Inquisition. Insanity. Instctd. Tnstinct.
ggp-Correspoudenoe solicited and promptly answered


Milwaukee Illustrated.   Birdseje View X,
From iho  Harbor.  Mouth of tho Kllwauk«o Kiver,  WmX to Keed Street.
m
Tim Vicinity of MiLWAUicgg.
and everybody is to be found on the White Fish Iky road of a summer'** afternoon, and there h room for all.    A halt should be made at ''Luddemann'a am See," and a walk down to the lake beach indulged in,
then on to White Vh\\, Bay and the neb*, Should time permit, cross the loveliest of country road* to Mineral .Spring Park, formerly Ludde-mann'a am Plus**, and take n mipper thereat/rtsto; if floating home in the moonlight, down the river, you don't vote that Kron can cook a game xupper to a turn, and understands all the etc**, and that Milwaukee is a jolly place to pasrt one day in, it must be the fault o( yam- liver.
From Mineral Spring Park you can, if you ho desire, reach North Street Bridge by boat* where your carriage will await you, and bring yon hack to the city in the evening. If not too fatigued, a visit to the &uturner (*aniens will prove to bo a satisfactory ending of the days* pleasurcM. t  it                                                           Sehtafen Sie wohl ! **
THE YICINITV OP MILWAUKEE,
Drives in tick Summm.*)
Having, in addition to a moderately well-filled purse, an abundance of that other most necessary ail* joint to a full enjoyment of a vacation —- leisure time-- at your disposal, and taking it for granted that you delight In a drive or ramble in pure, fresh country air, it may be serviceable to enumerate here a few of the most favorite routes to select.
Beginning at random, take Heed or Clinton Street, and Kiimickmnick Avenue — passing the Glass Works—leading to Bay View with its great Moiling Mills; then, after a thorough Inspection of the interesting village, which haa a population of about 5,(>0|), and the mills, take the Lake road which will bring you
to St, FranciaSeminary, with itn handsome environs, seven miles from the Post Office, having a lovely^view of Lake Michigan alt the way. Bhoutcl you desire to return by another road, drive ono mile further south, then to the west on to the Nicholson Koad, leading through a beautiful farming country,    re-entering
*} The toads mentioned herein, anU the Rtrcetain the cUy lending thereto. ar4'<!cv<lg!Mtc<!o!tth*»cmi!)* tv mnp, nn«t n complete lUt of nlHircetx hithccMy ttlil ho fouml on the rlty nme-hnth ifrcoin|wiif\tiig tlil«i"<ouvi>Htrati(t(mftle '*

Lakk Si ok Dklmi, Wihtk Fjsji Bay Kovo.
DfUVKS  IN  THE StfBUBBS,
00
the city at Bay View, on Kmmckmtiick Ave,, pacing the House of Correction. Thia is IxUh a County and n State 1'rmon, and, for an admtwjoii fee of lOeenin, all the department* may ho vimted,
for a abort afternoon ilriw yott can go out Urnod Ave., turn to the right through the Toll Onto by Milter** harden, over 11 winding valley road, pacing the ntone ojiarrte*. County Farm, Insane Asylum, Ihrough Wauwahma ami thenre home.
Should yiMi feel diapo^ed for a drive "miHterseetigallein," or at moM with one or two good friends, take Racine Street, over Haeine Street Bridge, out Humboldt Ave., passing many {lower hmh and green hoiw*.' arriving at ttie "denerted village" of Humboldt, and, if the feminine membera of your company are «> inetined, they mav have their fortune* told in tlie wood* tvyoml. Stop at Ande'n Summer Gavden, and," utu-r irfn-HltmeiilH, return to town when "the lowing herd wirnlft slowly oVr the lea",
Far-fumed Prospect Avenue forms the beginning of the White Fwh Bay road, which extenda for several milea along the blurts of Lake Michigan to While Fi«h Buy pacing Lucddcmann's Farm on the way.    No tonrint sojourning •-, -,    ,     , ,A!i^'.:    ' •'"» '-""        in Milwaukee Hhould fail to vimt White Fish Bay, and the "                           *           * „*»ki„ Milm-'-ifefi .'it I»enrit)g'H. at the Bay, assisted by the
fatigues attendant upon the trip may be comfortably «il!o • Uwi at iHonrwfc   ,
invigorating breeze from the lake.                                           Cedarburg, 18 mile, from Milwaukee, starting
A longer tour than those described above, m a trip »0V,'m",,u»
Aftc  '^tou5 l,r°'*'   ,        .f ,      ;      with i,g c„ol, crystal watew, Hcb mc1h«1«1 in the qtnol* «f n» ymirnluecl.ve point,    llm beautiful »l'r"8> Jlt   ,'                "     ,        „.,    t ,)ePC!lw(>,I()fl nlId ,|,0 oi.l  house
:,""yTUn:;;:^;:::-;;!,::: ¦^;:,^i;^.l;;,-. ir »*.. -.,, *».« ,«„,«... ** *«, »*.>
In and ground Milwaukee.
A 'Reference Table of Points of Interest, Public Buildings* Churches,
Societies* Etc.
am'habkticau-y arranged.
Academies and Colleges,
Aeademv- -Markham's, Cor, Oneida and Van Bnren His. BnMness Col lege--B|>eneerX Cor, Wis HL and BCdwuy. Mayer'*, Public Library HttU<!liiK* WifmoO, Cor. L. Wafer and Wi« Ht* Bayer's, KI8 Sherman Ht. ('itiliolic Normal Hehool and }*!«» Noim College, Fl. Pnwv
< b,Honth of M«y View. Coneotdia College—State, hetw. Hist and V*'2n*\ Hi*. ttermasi X' Fngll*h Academy-   BCdway near Jnnean Av«>, <<*ermao*AmeHeau Teachers' HVmiuafy,       do. Hi«h8ehool   Cor. CasMaud KoappHtk Kindergartens ~O.A< Iv Academy, BrMw'y n. Jtiiimu Ave. WrwtSldr, Cor. 7th and Prairie 8ts, Northwest Hide, *lh Ht. near Walnut, South Hide, t<reenhttsh between Mineral
Washington Ht**, Hast Hide, CassHl. CtdtarlanChufVh. Notre Bame,Cor JetVersounnd OjcdenSI "             Public Hehools: Hi* Kindergartens, .
Lutheran Hemitmn , Cor. LHhand Wine His, Marquette College.Vor. Hfateaud IMh Hts, Milwaukee College, cor. Milwaukee Ht, and Juneau A\«\ Bt, Frauds Hemlnarv, Ht. Pranels. Houth of Bay View. Biuie Normal Hehool, Cor. imli ttti«t Wells Ht*.
Armory,
Light HorBeH<juadrou, Broadway near Oneida St.
Art Oallery,
Cor. Ma>Jb» and Jefferson HI*.
Banks unci Bankers.
Clearing House Association of Banks*, at  Milwaukee
National Bank. Commercial Hank. Went W«lor Ht,f South of (.irand Ave, First National Hank, Hi Wisconsin Hi. Houghton Bros. & Co., $6H Kasl Witter St. Marshall & Ilsley, 8^8 Broadway. Merchants/ Exchange Bunk, Mitchell Bo    ling, Milwaukee National Bank, Cor. Michigan <fc K. Water His. National ExchangeBank* 81J Michigan HI. Second WardBank, Cor. Went Water and 8r«l Hts.
**          "        **      Branch, mh >Ynrd, Cor. Brd He an<l
Ueservoir Ave.
**          *'       **      otamdi, WhWjtrd, Cor. Commercial
Avenueand Vlli'l 81. Houth Hide Havings, Bank, V<*r. Clinton and !«ake fits. Wisconsin Marine and Fire Inn. Co. Bank, Mitchell Bld'g,
Bay View,    Village youth of the City Limits.
Blocks and Halls,
Bauer'aHull, %m and 8ol West Water St.
Bttr»ham*H Block* 615 aiidfd? National Ave.
Casino Hall, Cor, Slate and *thHt*.
Concordia Hall, Cor. Fast Water and Mason Hts.
Kve.Wlseonaln Building, Cor. Milwaukee & Michigan His,
Pollanshee Block, Milwaukee Ht., hetw. Wisconsin and
Michigan His, Fraternity Hall, l>10O»rand Ave.
Insurant e Building (new) ("or. Brdw'y ami Michigan Ht.
Iron Block, Cor, East Waterand Wisconsin Ht.
Lij>j»s* Block* Cor. Third »mt Prairie His.
Maek Block, Cor. Ka.st Water and WUcom«in Ht>««.
Millers** (or Library) Building, Cor. Brdw'v & WK Ht.
"Mitchell Building, Cor. East Water and Michigan Ht>\
IHthlic Library Block* Cor. Grand A\e. atid Mh Ht,
glister BtiUdlug, Cor. WiseotvduHr  and Brondwa\
Tfaden' Colon Hall, 2M West Wai* * Ht.
(AM othcra not  mumerated  her*,  lire  louder s|»»*» l«| headlug8.)
Boated of Publi j Work**,
Court Hon«\
Boa*d of School Commissioners*
Cor. *th iwtd Prairie 8t8« Book Store.
<*. N. (*MH|wr*s» If*? \Zn*\ Water He, Cor   Mhkou, whete thiH*'Houveiiir" and views of the city are for wile.
Breweries    (Hee advertisers In Index).
Ph. Best Brewing t*o.     Fmjdte  Brewerv. Chestnut, s^th ^                                 *     to tithHt^
"               "                HotBh Hide Brewerv.VIrglniaHt .
FtM>f of-tth Ave, V«L Blalz, t'or. Broadway and Juneau Ave. ? 'ream City Brewing i'i>,,'t* I tilth Si. Fiat x Fnlk Brewing (*<» , t>lllce, W* Fan! Water Bt.,     *
Brewery, Mnkwotmgo Boad,neareBy IIuiUh. Adam Uettelmaou, HtateHt., ue>t<*fCBy Umttx. Jung A; Borchert, Cor. Ogdenand MIlw«ttkeeHt« F. Miller* Menomoiu/o Valley, »i mile west of City Limits. .1, ohermnnu Brewing Co., (*lierrv Ht , from f»th to tlth. Jo». Hchiiiy, Brewing Co , t'tjr. Urd auit^Vnluut 8tK
Brick Yards.
Bond, If, 1L & Hon,    Foot »(IHth Ht. Burtiham, Ceo, & Hons<   671 Park Ht, Burnham, J. L. <$s Hon,   Cor  t5th and 10th Ave. Chase, K. ^ Hon.  Went F.nd of Littcoin Ave  Bridge, ifctvelaar, Martin.  KUeuHt., F^tnt Kinniekimde A\e Herzherg St Vogt.   Oitk*o Hi Buifalo St.
Caf^s.
Conroy'a   4*21 Milwaukee HL, and Pit Craud Ave.
<Jehhar<ipH.   MH Kaat Water HL
Martini's.   <im Kant Water HL
IMankinton House.   Basement, c«>r. W  WaterHt. and
lira mi Ave Neumann'*.   Ctand Ave.,<»|>p. Planktnton Hottse.
Canal.
Now Canal and Commerce Bin.    Below the Oam of the
Milwaukee Ulver.
Cement Worktj,
At Humboldt* on the Milwaukee Eiver.
Cemeteries*
Forent Home, Secular, 8, W. of City Limit*
Calvary, Catholic, 1 milo we«t otterminUH of tJraml Ave.
Colon, Protestant, Terminus of Tentoula Ave.
B'ttc ieahunm, Hebrew, Hopkins Koad, hetw. Mthaud
nth-6ti» Hreenwoo<L Hebrew, Houth of Forest Home. PllgrimH* Hcst, Protestant, We«t of Forest Home
Chamber of Commerce,
Cor, Michigan St. and Broadway,
Charitable Institutions, Asylums, etc* Catholic Dcaf-Mule Institute* Ht Francis, Wis. Home of the Friendless, 871 Van Buren St I nsano Aj*v 1 um, Wauwatcwa.
Infants* Home, JetVert$oti St, opposite 7th Ward Heboid. Industrial Hehool for (HrL*t» J^ike Ave.* North Point industrial Hchool of the (food Shepherd.   North M. Little Sinter* of the Poor, Cor. 2»th a nd Wells HLs Milwaukee City Hospital, Cor. Mitchell and ll>th His.
"       County HOHpttal, WauwatoM Orphan Asylum, Protectant, on the X^ake, heail of
Juneau Ave Passavant Hospital, 22nd and HtateSts. Protestant Home for the Aged, Van Buren Ht,,«. of Ogdeu, ^l. Aemlliami^Orphan Asylum.   Hi. Francis, Wis. Ht. Johns* Home for Old Ladies, Cas* Hi   uear Juneau Ave. Ht. Joseph's Hospital, Cor. f>th Hi »ud Keservoir Ave. Ht. Mary's Hospital, Cor, North and Terrace Aves. st. Koxe Orphan Asylum, 4iV> Jaekson Ht. st. Vincent lnfhnta**Hoiiu\ ?^r«l and Oreentletd Ave, B fvcottsiu Phonological Institute for Deaf Children.
Cor. ?thand Prairie Sis.
In ani> Around Muayaukkk,
101
Churches,                                                               i
Alt Saints cathedral, Kpternpnl,                                          J
cor. Jnunm Ave. and Marshall St. IPneJcjdturuu Synagogue. Hebrew, Cm loth *V*V<h»r Sla. Catvan. Presbyterian.    Cor. loth St  and<«*i«nd Ave         I
hutcn'Heioimed. huh nmt Hauimo st*».                             I
PvnngeHean Lutheran. Korucginn Cor peed A SeoliSt* | Kir**i t$ti|»H^l **Hm«*lt     JeiVetwmM   neat Mattln                I
tirnee, Uernt hi Lutheran   Juneau Ave. and Btondway,    I tirand Avenue Congiegntional    Cur. <*r*d Au\ n. «»tli St. 1 Hanover street Congregational. Cor. Park A: Hanover St*. Holy Trhiit}. German calhoHe    Cor. Vxtk and <ireen< j
im*h si*.    1 lloh Name    caiholie    «'«r State and tlth st<                 j
Immamicl church, P»e?4*ytetian
A*lor St , bclw Mntliu St. and titueau Ave I ltuomtmet,<*etman Lutheran. c<n Pith si A:«. at tie Id Ave. | Method!*!, SumtneruVid c«t Van Ituh'iniJj*! Middle .M*». !. Method!*!, **iniid \\v  aOd.'lhSt.                                       j
Plymouth, Congiegaiionni. i m  Mth\auk<eA OneldaSts Second Baptist.    Cur 7th and i.taiid A\c                            j
St. *,mHs% Catholic      j=jr»»n«vlii'lft   **ud A' ad S|s                 j
Si.   btme*. Kplst opal       t.filMti >\\r,   *|*pojdte \Hh St              j
St. John\Ppt*eojml.    < i»r   Piette uttd Hanovet sis.          j
Si, Johannes Merman t.nthetan * or Piatt to «n«l tilt Six | St Juhns-Caihedtal cnthoite Co*. faeksouA- < mehht sis. I St toxeph**. Catlmhe, >m>h)!))i) i a\ fith imtir}ii>n\ st*. 1 St. Mat \\kChurch, Catholic, **enu«u                                  I
*'m, Hi«*a«lwny and Bbldle St. St   Paul**,'o'ttnan Lutheran    c«*i   ah and <»aleuu sis    I St   Paul's, Kfdxf opal  c«o. Marshall and Kttapp St            j
St, Siephcu'*, Pvaugehcal-Lutherau.                                   I
<oc <I rove and scot! W* j Si. Hedw igs. CatlmHe, Polish.    Prnukiui and Htady si St   Manisiams       *?           >J          «;tme and Mitchell si
St. Michaels, Catholic,    ~'ith Stu>et                                      |
St. John de NVpmimek, Catholic, Bohemian* Cot   if ft and I
chenySt. Si, Wetteeslaus. Catholic, Bohemian     Scott Street            |
St. Patrick's, Catholic    Cor. Washington Si  and 2d A\e, j St. Ctam-isol Assist    Catholic. ("«r. ilhand flainuni St* Temple KmamcKL llehtew   Cnr. Bioadway A Matttu Si Til»iit>, <;eiutait Lutheran    Cor.'.Mhand PrahieSH, Pmmi bin church     da. t as.* St. and Juneau Ave. . Wvish PicshytcrhitM hutch. Wchdi.
Coi. Milwaukee and Ma Hits Si*.
City Hall (Old.)
Market Senate, Cor. Oneida and Krud Water St*                j
City Map (Inserted ht ihis «»Sou\enir and <;uldo" I             |
i«iwx rojajdi'lt* HWH^mi' IK^t ul' all Str<M»tM, SltVti  t'ai hint's, ptihlh* Htiildhms. s.jnnM^.   I*!»«'«»>*, t»tt'.,  in  tin*! rity td*Miiu<itikm
Clubs and Sociotiea,
Has*; Hall A^nHathm. St»i»ioiMt \ 'h nlHns ^ K. Watcrst   I It. I'. <>  IC1k«, K, <d' II. Hall, No. I firand Avi>. rltautHtniuit Sutdidy     At SmttiiiViliidil M. Iv flmn n. (<*ntftd Av<») at tjfaitd Aivntto
<V»nuri*w<!fo!i<t! ("iuiMdi. j C*itHiitK <'ltd$.    Wtn. K   Wt*x{, SwK'tary, 'M* Ninth St. lh!iitw.lH>r Mat*tin<?r-\VM*it».    Hall, (Jiand t)|H>ra llottR'. tn^tiKf'h-AmnfikiUii^dutr SidntriKttdh'r V«»rt*in.
t»i. \ah\ xu>m, St't'tetary, 7.il (*«h>« si. Pn^Tlilnkt'rs* A^smdathm.    Hall,  iili hhv. t*udar and
SlatoSts. i (iitrrickChih. <*a{>t. f. M, th'iitiJ'fOHid^iit^HIKhhiinviu Ave. | tnjrtnanla Vertthi.    Hall, t'uhliu Library Ibdldlng. Uidh*x* Art and Sidenrtt <!1hkk, at Mllutinkcc* College, baditM* Art and SclentHs <1»k*.
Mrs. Wm. h. Dana, President * 4M Jc*in>r8<»n St. hawn Tonniaritib.
It. I,. Jennings <iov«rnor, Olbee, Mitrhtdl'H Batik, Ubi-ral he«j.;m*.    Fraleridiy lialh *Jlt> itrninl Ave. Merchant** Anxneiatlon,
i\ I?. AndrewH, Secretary, I OB Prrmneet Ave. MitwauktH; c4hih.   Cor, Wixeon*Snnnd Jctt'orKnn m#. Milunnkee Academy of Medicine.    I7tt Wixwmtdn Ht.. Mihvankee Museum ot |v|n« Arn«.  Coll>v & Abbntt Block. Mrs. Alex. Mitchell, President, Milwaukee t Inb.
It. h. .hrnnlii«s, Seetetary, noice. MitchelPs bank.-M \U\ aukee Cricket VM\)>.
I>a\ld Harlowe, Seeretarv, K»l» t*i\huitm St. Mihvankee KilieCinb.
If. T   lM«k«?, SN crefary, iW* Kast Wnter St. \Jiluani<e bounty l*baa -t A>vueh»tton.
* hautn-v Stnn»n«i.*<,Se<«retat\. <iH/ * <\h\ Water St. Mll^ii«k«-*» county nld s-itler's Hub                                 ]
' Iiuu»«*v Sfna»a> *, S*-e?i>lar% . :^'J Ca«l Wsjter St. Nittiifat MNn»rb«|Si»d«f .  uf\\h     lU-pi^bb,!! irhh*          I
Sbitrt^h< ^.leK f htl»    A   Meiinler   Piv^ t \>:: \\\ \Vu1er S{ ST(tJHr i Jthtt     M.dd'-* HmH   Mt* \\ iHi«».u*ht st                      I
St    \n*lr* u^ ^>«>t,>t\
i   M   \\«I.ti.«   M.trttirv    >*> Past Water Si
lb and Sooietie^* Com tailed.
Union Clnh.   A. W. Uleh, Troaeuror, 6SKAfttor Si. We«t side JJteiary idf«MxlrcIe.   Pt2Umiid Ave. WhlMtChth.
I^^lle ttymu Cortex ponding Seeretarv, Pit Wis. 8t, Yacht Club.
Jos. MeC. Ikdl, ("omimHlore, '^(hst, A» <*t«nd Ave. Colby to Abbott Building,
Main < dhee Win. Cett H. H.¥ t^or. Mupoii A' MilwaukeeSt«, Const la, Foreign*
AnKtiirt.   M. von hanmiateh, "«t Mlehlgan St.
Hen mark.   <\ V, SolheiK. 121 Pomth Ave,
ttortuttn l*;tn|drc.    ,M. v«»u Ihnnnhaeh. Ctn^nlar Ag't.
7ti Michiictm Rt. Convents and Monasteries.
St. PianeteConvent, {CnpnchinjCot. Mhand llaHnnuSts. ' School SiKtetH of Katio Dame.     Cor. Milwaukee ami
KimppHts. Court House.                                        *
Paces uneldaSi ,7th Watd Park, Cor. Blddle ami Jch'erson Bis* Courts
t . s. CdHitH    in Pn?«t uiUee ttulbliim>
State Client! Const     in Conit HottKe,
Cttitniy * ouit.    In t*ottrt Houve,
PiobateCunt!      tit Comt Houw.
MuucijaU Conit.   0*oitee Court).    In obi City Hall,
County Farm.
Poor Hottw, t>t1iee,Cot, Itiverand Hiddie Ht«. County Map (inserted in tldn "Snuveiilr ami (iuido'M <iivei<coni|dcte Uefercuee lint of ail PoKtoJUee*. Stttttona, Villager*. Piaeejt, Pat k* and Hutttiuer Uesortn, Public and Toll ItoadH, ltiver.*nud creekn In MlhvaukooCo.
Custom House,
In Po*t utUee HnildiiiK. c«»r. Milwaukee A: WiR0onftln8t«.
I Bam of the Milwaukee River.
|                                                       Above Haeine Street Bridge.
Beutaehe Gesollsehaft.
Cor. Statth Water and Beed St.
Drives*
See <ieHeri|rtlon of drive* ht *<CIutde*\
Driving Fax*ks,
Mihvankee Driving Paik.   West terminutiof Cold .Spring
Ave. National {hiving Park.    National Ave South Side Dtlvlng Park.
Elevators.
(*. M. tV i^t. P. ICv Co's*'A" near Pttion Deju>t.
do.            *U*l          •<B,'A:"C,tontheCauair!of7tlim.
do.            do.          "D" foot ofChe-HtntB St.
do.            do.          "W* foot of r*th Ave.
c. A X. W. ICy CoV *»A** and ••IP*on the River, lit charge of AugnHHiiiith & Co.
Imposition Building.
5th. fitti, Cedar and State 8t«.
Fire Alarm Bystein,   (See "«uhie;H)
Fire Department Head Quarters,
Cor. Broadway and Oneida St,
Expx*ess Olliees.
American. 8f*6 Broadway European. 80<* Broatlway United States.   Hit? Broadway.
Freie Oemeinde.
Krcctlilnkerj*" iliili.   tKi2 Fourth 8t. Fish Hatohory*   In Exposition Bitihliiig, Gardens,   (See Parka and Summer Besortn.)
Germantown,
Old local name for the Wesi*»fdu of the city.
German Immigration Aid 8oeiety.
8txi South Water Si. German Market?
Enid Water to Market Stn. on Juneau Ave. Glaus Works.
••\Vi*ro*vdit."   hlncoh;   »vc„ foot of cliidoii St.
City tuliee. *^rv Heed St. "Standard Art UlajwCo.**   South Bay si., Ita> View.
Harbor.
Mouth of Milwaukee Biver
Harbor of Befuge.
i                     Mihutttkee Baj.
\M
la and Abound Milwaussei?.
Hotols,
AxtHl House.   Cor. Petty nml South Water st*.
Grand Avenue Howe.   Urand Ave. behv.ythand 10th Htn.
Grand rent nil Hotel.   Cor. Oueidn and Fast Water Si,
Klrbv Moiim*.   i'or. F«*t Water and Ma*ou Sis.
Metropolitan Hotel.   Cor. Hanover and l«*hirhl« Sl>*.
I'hnikiotou Motiw.    Grand Ave  from W. Water to yd Sts.
Republican Houxe.    Cor  ttrd and Cedar St*.                       |
Uieketsou Home.   Cor Ferry and South Water S|t».
s*t. chartc* Hotel     Market Square, House of Correction,
Wiim!lake Ave., Foot of Mh Ave.                              j
Hnmano Society.
IM Broadway,
Humboldt,
VWageonihe River, four mile* north of the * Ity.
Insurance Building, Now,
Cor, Broadway ant! Michigan St
Jones Inland.
South of Harbor,
Kilbouru Town.                                                     j
Old local name for the West-side.
Law Library Association.
\Vfl Wisconsin St., :trd lb*»r.
Library, Public.                                                    I
4os Grand Aveuu««                                                    j
Life Saving Station,
Jones island.
Light Houses,
1, North Boint of Hay.            -', Futranre to Harbor.
Light Ship.
North Km! of Harbor of Befnge.
Mayor's Office,
Court House,                                                              !
Mills,
Dntav Mills.    Knot of Washington St.
Duluth Holler Mills.   South Water, foot of Park St.
(Jem Milling Co*x Mills.   North Water St.
Kern's* KhkIo MUIk    Oh the Canal.
Kcliniive. Mills,    Cor. Fowler and Went Water St*.
KnnflerftOit'K Bhomix Mills,   tin tin* Canal.
Jupiter Mills, Cherry and Commerce Sis,
Mitchell Building,
Cor. Kant Waters Michigan Sts.
Mitchell Heights.
North end Cream City Hallway. Morgue.
A\H Ulver St. Museum,
Bublle, In KxpoMlMun Building.   (See "Guide" ) Musical Societies,
Arlon Musical Club.   Severance Hall, t'20 Milwaukee St. GesungjssekUon den Deutsche*! M&nticrvereJnx.
Grand opera House. •«             der Frelen Gemeiude,
•Hh betw. Cedar and State Sts. <v             des Turu«Verel,;s «• Milwaukee".
•IthSt. Turner Hull. Harmonic——<• Uederkranz,    2.VJ Fifth St. hicdcitafcl.   Cor. 7th and Prairie Sts. Milwaukee Musical Society.   Aeademy of Music, Milwaukee Sujugerbund.    1HK K<>ed St. Schweitzer Mtenncr-Club.   21X) Fourth St.
Nowspapor Offices.
Amerikaobehe ''uruer/eUnnu.   470 Fast Water Street, An.    Illustrate*.   lerutan Weekly.    K>o Fast Water St. Hay View Herald.    FnglNh Weekly.    Hay View, rufhoile citi/eit;   Finnish Weekly.   l^ening Wisconsin
Building. Caeilia.   German Monthly.   Catholic Church Musle.
St. Francis, Wis, Columbia.   Gernmu Weekly.   415 Fast Water St. rurrie's Monthly.   (Horticulture*.   37*2 Milwaukee St.
UoumenoM, The.   Bohemian Weekly.   ,H7*2 Milwaukee St.
Kt/lehmiKx-Hhettcr.    German Monthly.     170 F Water St.
Kvcniiuf Wisconsin     F.mrMsh Dailv and u eekU
rin   Mhhlgan ami Milwaukee Sts,
KxieMtts     German Weekly.    KT> Mason St
Frehh'itker     tTo F<ast Wafer St
Fr< ie Hresse. «.erman Dai ,v andSundny    »0«» K Water *t
Germaula    German Week*v.   «W < edarA* ^«^» WaterSts
Hrrohi      <it-rtimn l*alJ\ tiu«t Ueekh.     *&'? Hrtnoh\a\
lournnt      Kuxt^h HnlU       •'MnKoiiSt.
i'*t k"- miii      l-iikdlxh Weekly     K\e  Wisconsin #rhl«
Hewspaper O01eo», Continued.
Seebote.    Cennau Hallv and Weekly,   W >Umn\ Sf, Sentinel.    Kiifdhth Haily, Weekly and Sunday.
HI Mtifion St Sunday Telegraph. KneHnh Weekly. Wisconsin HhVg: Yeuowlny*H Sundav New*.    FukHhIi Weeklv
.H7U Milwaukee St, /.K«»«»n.    I'oHnh Weekl>.    l«« Mitchell St.
Korth Point
Northern Boundary of Mihvatik* o Hay.
Omnibus Line.
Davin.   (Jlllce, :W> Milwaukee Si.
Orchestras and Military Bands.
Hach'M Orehextra.    Olllee. C<ir. Broadway *m\ Mukoii St. IhmKers* Military Baud.   OMce. 27.H-fth £t. claudet'K Wrebextrtt.   OiUee. 815 State St. lleiixler'H Juvenile Hand.   Olllee, Ml Vllel St. Kretlow and LIutlewlrth'H Itaml.
Ofltee^. Wt7 .'Ird SI., and HIO Heed St Tblele'x Orchestra.   Olllee. Ill Btoadway. Zelt/* Military Band.    Olllre, .Vd Sixth St.
4*arks, Gardens, and Squares,
Ha^e Bail Hark.   Cor. 1'Jth^nd Wright S{h. BetiiltiKer's (inrdeu.    MukwoueKo Hoad, near City limits. HlrkeFs fhtnleit.    -Hh Street, opposite Fxposltion Hldg. Bnute^ebuV Cartleu.   Jane«vilie Flank Hoad, beyond
Forest Home. Cold Spring ftneoCntirxe.    State Fair Cronnd*
N. W. Cor. CheKtnut St. and Wtiphhitfton Ave. Fi^hth Ward Fublio Square.    Washington and
Mineral Sta., between ith and 5th Ave*. Fourth Wan! Park, Fverett and Sycamore, between
$n\ aiuHth SB*. Xifeeiilield l*ark. Cor. (ifreenHeld and Wanhington Aven. Lake Shore Promenade, or Juneau Bark.    Ijfk*e ftont. FuedtlematoFa Vimn on the l^^ke,   \\ hite Vlt*h Bay Hoad. Milwaukee Garden.   State, betw. 1 tth and loth «t*. Miller** (hirden.   ShitcSt., west ofHTdh. Mineral Spring Bark, (Kron'j*.)   <m the Ulver. drive out
Oakland Ave. National Soldier** Home.    Four miles Wcj*1 of ihe
Fost-Olllee, out tirand Ave. National Bark.   f*or, Natloiml and WaHhlttKton Ave*. Pleasant Valley.   On the Ulver, one mile above the dam. |        Ko**e!HH Bark.  Jnuetlon Forest Home AMu^keMoAvcH" j        HeKervolr l*ark.   South of Humboldt Ave. SehltU* Bark.   Walnut, betw. 7th and 1Mb Sin, Second Ward Square.   .Mb i<t.f between Boplar and Vllet. Sbuotlng Bark.   (Sehuet/en|mrk), l;i2aThird 8t. j        Waterwork« Bark.    North Botnt of Bay.
Police Alarm System.    (See "Guide.")
Police Headquarters,
Cor. Broadway and Oneida St*.
Post Oilice.
Main Otllee, Cor. Milwaukee and Wisconsin $i&.
BrancKOHiee,  N. W., Cor. Walnut and 12th St*,>
Bmneh\)tnce,  Kinnlcklnniek, Ml South Bay St
Branch (Vfliee,  North Side, 8tW Third St.
Branch Office,  Wewt Side, 2107 Wells St.
Branch Oflkc,  South Side, »I4 Grove St.
j        Branch Ottiee,  Williamsburg, Northern City remits.
Printing Oiiice.
II. if. Zahti «fe Co., -121  Ka*t Water Street, where this I           " Souvenir *' was printed and orders will be taken.
I Prominent Business Houses. J                                                        (See advertisers in Index.)
Public Museum,
I                     Exposition Building.
Public Library»
¦108 Grand Ave.
Quarries,   In Menomonee Valley and Waowatosa,
1 Railways.             PuKsensjer Depots :
i                                              (See al*o Ticket Otiicea.
chieago «& Northwestern Hallway.   !)eiH)t, Foot of
Wisconsin fit, ('hiciiKo, Milwaukee & £t. Baul Raitwav
I'liion Bepot, Cor. Heed and ^*uth Water Sts. Milwaukee A Nortbef*  l-.^ilway.    do         do         do
YMsciiUidn Central itrtilrttttd.            do         do         do
New Futon Depot of Chicago, Milwaukee A St. Banl
Hnijway, South of 4th Ward Bark. [        Milwaukee, l^ike Shore A Western Kaihvav.
j                                                       Bepot. Foot of* Wtaron.«in St.
Flint A Bere Mart|uette Uailroud    N) Went Water St.
In and Ahound Hilwaukijh,
im
Railways, Continued,
i hU-a^o. Mihumkre A si Taut UaHwnv
<*M««e. U*\ Ktwt Wittrr Si. « hi<;itt<*<v Nuitfmo«it>ttt f(uiI\Mt>      Hepol, Cor
Clii«*«t$o A Jaekxon Six, *h«-?!<>ii. i.imi«l ila\<<ti A- Milwaukee H'y     J*ej>oi, to>ot • »*
Went Water St. Mihwntk*«\ I^*k*» sitoi*' a- Western Kaihtav.
D«*|M>t, tWt of MitlaloSI Milwaukee a \mthrrtt Kathoad.    Pejad, 3rd St.,
font of VIlet si. 'A tM <aMtt * 'MMra 1     l*e|*oi, W, Water si , near
Menomunee Ihldtfe. Re 15 un;o Iron Works*
I    !*   \His,v<<»t   < Hnton and Florida Hi*,
Restaurants*
*  •«in«»j><>ldan     Milwaukee St   tn>|w\ WlxennKhi A Mmkoh
*  ..nil, lit ill.    IM Ma**«»ti St. IHiikt-i -     < <»«   :li«i and Stale SIk
ilmt/t A Mri.nuuhlin      IM* l**iiKt Wale* St.
i M»-«h*i«iui. t     inr* Ka*t \\at«-t si
MtJl. r A- Hi.il/.    « or. We>t Wain Si   mul (ttand Av*\
MdwaMk«-<»<.nidrn<    < or. IHh «ttt! Stat** >t«.
VfifMiwl I'nik     * or. National and <im>itti<dd \ve<>
IMhh. i'nnl     :*** l«'nxi Wan* S|
^< hlit/ IVtk     Mi* and Walnut sfw.
v\«.*tmtt < t\\«iuHiUf   Milwaukee law Wiwmedn AMawm,
Hotting Mills,
!*.*«> View     North t'iiicat.'n HuHhit; Mill*.
Holler Rinks.
IViiwt H  \venue Kink.   * oi. Fat well Av««. mid Alhion Hi.
West >hh> Kink.    c«»i   Wetland l»»th Si
Hay ViVw Kink.    Mitt hell St. near roller Ave.
Secret and Military Societies.
I'lhete i»Hm; no large ii  number «»f Lodges of eaeh «>rd«*t. t! was deemed hest tn}!i\f ihe addle** e.f one
o«ll\    JI!   ( Itflt   C»M',   Wheie   the   hiqUlter  t'Htl   rwv\\ V
farfm-i    information.    See   nho   Wiit*ht*M   Chy   |>$. leetoiy i \meilean i.e^ion of Honor.    (Jnutfi See ret at>'* Oliieo,
KO^Ctaild Ave
A. <»  I . W     K. of H. Hull, No  I <»tand Ave.
IVnaf MHih     K. ofll. Hall No. I Cram! Ave.
in>utsehei tvrie^et Veiein,   :KnJ West Water HI.
heuisehet l4itt«i\v<«hr MH('ttnet-V«<r<'ht    170 lived St,
Hmii.Ih.   ;!2ii ThlnlSl.
*;   \. U    iUihvti t-hivrts ifniU Hh Hi. m>«rSinn».
iliif tiuttii.   :-fc*l Thint St.
KtiiKiitnuf l»vilii«s.   «>mc«of«i. K. ol K.niiii S.,
I7lt IMIIiHI. Kniul»l««»f Honor.    K. of If. Hull, No. i timml Av«*. M«M»nit» lit^Kttfimrf^rH,   t'olhv A AMmit Hlork. Oi|«i Im'Uovvk.   't'tmeuti (*<muttitl<M!of Holittf, Otfii l-VHows'
lf«U» <*of. K«xl \V»ilvr A; Mhw*ii HI*, |{o>nt Att'ittntm.    K  of !J. flnlt, No. t, <a«tMl \vv. >oms «»l H«*ii)ian.   <;r«ii«I HenM'titry'H DIIhms l*?*i* J»r<I SI. \'<'j<.'ht |MMtlxiJ$**.r W>i(ii*ttge»o^;eiK   h*clumi*H Hull.
Ship Yards*
MHwnuktH'^hij* Vai«l V**    t'mml HI. nvar 1»t Av<'. Wolf A li«\ kIkoii.    foot of YVttKliiiiKtoH St., iiihI hIho
V«iKi'l*s Isluiul
Biau^htoi* I'Couses and Abattoirs.
}   I'iaokioioji A «'oV     MuKkt'tfo Hoa<l. l,a\!on ,v <Vs.    Mnskcjfo lton«l. Mf'aitoit <*o.    NfuskcK" ito««l.
South Point
-oulh*-Mi titiiil ot Milwitukn* Ha>, hi«y<»n«l tiny VicW.
State Board of Immigration.
2^1 A 'i'J<i Uuillll Avj'HUf,
Steamboat X#ine&
<;*u«lrfvh,    I'ool of \V(^l Water HI.
tiHtoti, t«r*u«l llavvti «fe MitwHukiH) linilromt      .
FwH of Wont W^lot 81. Whit A IVu* Mitr«|ttHtc> Halhoad titu! Hfotimor ht»0<
«) Wi«t Wt*tor Bt,
Btookyurds,
Mviuiuionw Valh'y. Wt^l of rity Limits. Streets,  <hvi**-iiy Mapttutt i)<^ri|tiiwlathti*.} Street Car Offtees.
i team city U'v.    WO IuikI Watrr St.
MUwtnik(H» <Itv U'v <*o,   *it»0 \Vt*xt Water Bt.
\Vt»i*l SiiloSttt-H U*y.    liH>i<ftutfl Ave.
Summer Resorts.   <f?w*<;ni*ic"}
Telegraph Oflices
t>. A M.T. <o.   tm MifhiKiuiHt,
W. V IVIf^tuph To    Kit MIWii)i«nt St.
IHHith'l 'fVlrisfitjih Co, ,s*» MiflilKHiiSt
Telephone Co.
MtthM)iU(H«.    !'.*! Hrojnhvay.
fl'heatera and other Places of Amusement.
A<»mli»my of MunI<\   (Nfu Acioteiiiy )   SHI MilwnukOOBt. IHiih» MiiHtmut.   ^oi»rao<l \\t»,
(i!r»!MM>{n4iti lloiiw.   uiu'hin si   itt^ir Market Hquntc. Kotlh SIi|«« Tomer Untf lltenler.    Walmtt St., near Hth i'aoornam of Viekj*ii«i-^     <oi  i*fli utul C\Mlar. falaeel'healet,    <*or. Heed ami WereoHln. t*eoph^ Theater.    Wi^l Water Ht.¥ iie«r<JruiMl Aye. * Stailt 1'heater.   Hrd St. Ia»tw  Well« ami <'e<lat. Sooth HMe Turner Hai\ Theaier.    National Ave. Summer Theater.   HehHt/ l*atk. Ticket O0lees,    (S'eo PaKwiiuet l>epoi*,)
i'hieaKo, Mlhvaokee A St. |»«nl Hallway,   im M Water St. (1tleHK«»*V N«*rlh\vexiern Hatluay.   102 WiKCottHiti Hi, WiKt'ottalu Central.    Iir«w»lwa>, msai eor.Wiw:o»HluHt. Milwaukee, l*ake Shore A Western.    \m WlKeon^ln St.
Tory Hill.
Ua n\ name for vicinity of Elevator* H <V l> in Uh Wa»d.
Turner Halls.
Hoheminn'fitumMreln.   TtnPiatrleSi. ICanlHlde, Turoverein.    IChkI Water and Kttapp St«, I        *,MJhvrt«ket?**THri»v<,rehK   -IIIi lain. Stale <fe !Vnh2oSt», NotiliHhluTttritvereiii.   Waltml Hi. near lltlt. Hmithxido Ttirnvereiu.    National Ave. MVorua*tla** Tnrttvereln.   Cor Hid and Henervoir Ave.
I United States Offices.
Custom House hi I*. O. Building-I XJ. S. Signal Service.   In Mheheil Buildhnt. I XTogel's Island,    Meuotmmee Hlver.
| Walker's Point.
old foeal name for City south of the Milwaukee ami
Meimmonee HI vein. Wards.   (See *«f {tilde".)
Washington Monument,  omud Ave. and uth hi. Waterworks and Standpipe,   North Point. White Fish Bay,   Notth of MHwuukee Uny,
\ Williamsburg.
|                        North of <1ty limit*, We*t Side:
I Woman's Industrial Bxehange.   ,
I it* Milwaukee Hi,
I ** Yankee Berg '*
|                    A loeal name foi Ihe h\)\ in th.*Heve»lli Ward.
Young Men's Christian Association.
c*o, :»ih St. s\m\ thaml Ave,
,^t4^c^— -*^g>*
104
Caspar & Zaun's Souyknir a.xi> Cuii>k.

INDUSTRIES ANO BUSINESS HOUSES OF MILWAUKEE.
The hufinctt* men of Milwaukee enjoy an enviable reputation throughout tho United States for enterprise and sterling integrity. The Commercial fffclory, printed in a preceding portion of th}s book, will iixvi* the reader a Huecme! recital of tho growth and present magnitude of tho transactions of tho merchant* and manufacturer* of our city, and it is simply intended hero to make mention of auoh industries or trades which are either of more than pawing interest, or on the other hand, aro uuhpio or hot of common »xvnrrenee.
Tin* manufacture of heer and brick has heeu duty noticed elsewhere, and tho question remains to ho answered :   ''What cine, besides heer and brick, do they make hi Milwaukee?
To begin with, on the South Side, at 2&1 Lake Street, they make Persian Carpet*, for which Gold* *iuifh & To,, Kant Water Street, are agents; I he workmen and their families are all brought over to thia country, and are rapidly becoming atuericaui/cd. Taking tic* Cream City Railway anywhere, a short way Kast bring* you to South Bay Street to the work* of tho Standard Art Glass Co.; here you will find only French or swarthy Italian workmen, making the far-famed Venitian Ghew, the Aventuriuo of Mnrano, The work* of the Wisconsin Glass* Co., are located <»» Lincoln Ave., and their business in a very extensive one in the manufacture of bottle*, jars and window-glass.
On Wei la Street is located the Panorama Studio of*" Win, Wehner, the only one in tho t?..S. The language here, when admiaaion jh obtained, is exolus-ively German, — Munich, Duea^eb dorf, Berlin and Vienna being well represented.
At 119 Wisconsin Street you will 6nd the first and only foreign medal ever awarded to an A mer-icau for original designs in china decoration, and tho exhibit which won it.
If your taato runa
to   music,   there   Is
tho bell foundry, at
248 Oregon   Street,
whore you can order T. A, Chapman <& Co's Dky Ooom Empoiuum.                                a c|ljmo cf t)e{|8| ov
sec them cant. The organ factories at 423 Broadway, 328 Oregon or 058 Twelfth Street aro well worth a vhut.
At Hennceke'a Studio, at 70 Buffalo Street, Statuary reigns supreme, and casts are made for all the Art School* in the country.   These are all places, where something is made in tho world !
The Stained Glass Industry of the city U too well known to need mention; among its artists is Mr. Buttock, whose work in the Government Buildings in Canada is well known,
Straw Goods and Artificial Flowers employ a small army of busy, skilled women** fingers.
Banket making in one of Milwaukee's means of making a livelihood. Tho most extensive establishment of this nature in the United State* is tho Willow Ware Worka of A. Meinecke & Son, at the foot o( Mawm Street, whose products find a ready market throughout the entire country.
Tower Hocks are made by two firms, with more than a national reputation, ftopewalk*, Knitting Work**, Sewing Machine*, and mst hut not loa< Wooden Shoes are aimoug the many items of something thev make in Milwaukee. The Max industry i»b »t yet in its Infancy, and yet the future "guido writer" will
106
Caspar & Zahn's Souvenir and Guide.
©
m
&
©s


m^

Tiik P«y UtMim Ifoi'jtns ok   w W, Kick & Co,    (8t?e page 108.) i m i i i    MhiT  Mniiiiiimiiiiii iTi i u i u'iYu V"
fp)
[0;
M
¦<«&
ttUStXK&i  UOUHKB <>*?  Mu,W.*UKKK,
107
bo likely io notice it hereafter an itn most important one, both German and Belfast practical men agreeing, that soil, trained farm labor for the production of tho raw material as well an climate and other causes, point to Milwaukee an the future linen producing centre of tho continent.—There la a wholo settlement of Italian statuary maker* here, and the Ornamental Plaster Works at B5B Prospect Avenue will well repay a visit, —How many homes possessing a cherished Art I*ug from iiussia. India, or Silesia* dream that they are made at a Colored Sheep Skin tannery in Milwaukee?
The Artistic Metal Workers of Milwaukee, are a class by themselves; not only the worker* in tho precious metals, but in wrought iron. Indeed iron, wood and leather being so cheap, accounts probably for tho enormous amount manufactured for shipment to the prairie wet inns south ami went of here, space not permitting an enumeration.
The art of Wood-Engraving ban reached a wonderful degree of perfection, an will bo evident by a glance at the many l>eautifut cut** contained in ihiaimok, a great number of which are from the establishment of Mr. Win, Brail, corner East Water and Y^ieeouBiii Streets, who also prepared tho draughty for the ten hirdseye views interspersed throughout this Souvenir, and which^wero reproduced by means of tho Photo-Engraving process, by the Kaabo Photo-Engraving Co., at No. 86 Mason St.
In the printing business the West jh now able to compete with the East in both work* manship and prices. An inspection of tho execution of this "Souvenir and Guide'* will serve to convince the most fastidious judge of ty pography that It is not necessary to go from homo for good printing, whether it he a book or mercantile work. Tho establishment of Messrs. II. I|. 7a\Uu & Co., 491 Kiwi Water Street, is given duo credit herewith for tho manner in which it** part of bringing forth this book was performed.
As another repremmJ|itive firm in tho printing 4aR? wo mention Messrs. KingyVowlo «& Kate, who are tho successor* of the former ** Daily Sentinel Job Department," and now carry on business iu Iho Eol~ lansbee Block on Milwaukee Street, near Michigan ; their work is of uniform excellence, and sure to please.
10. To\vn8kni> Mix & Co. are tho architects of many of the mo*«*t imposing and elegant public and private buildings in this city, among which may be especially mentioned Mitchell's Bank, Chamber of Commerce, the Milwaukee Club House, Light House Squadron Armory, the Public Library, St. Paul's Church, the new Chicago, Milwaukee and £t. Paul Depot, and many others.
Of iah' years, tin- »ook trade in Milwaukee has wonderfully increased, thereby keeping abreast with tho progress »»f learning ami culture. he Book Emporium of C. N.Caspar, at 487 East Water Street, corner Ma»»»n Street, ban <t collection of over 25,000 volumes of books in tho English, Cermau and French language*, and tho aittttpmrian department is an importantbranch of Mr. Caspar** business. A perusal t»f the inset, printed %m tutored paper, to this Souvenir, will k'ivp a comprehensive idea of the unixttwude-and peculiar itaune <»l' \\%\h establishment.    Catalogue free upon application.
A. W, Kicit,
I'omuter of tho Dry <;»tu<ts House of A. W. Htch & Co.
JOS
Business JIousk* of MikWAtiRaie,
It is with pleasure that we call attention to tho great Dry Goods house of Messrs. T. A, Chapman & Co., the pride of tho commercial world of Milwaukee, and the gathering plaeo of the fair sex from near and far. Mr, T. A. Chapman, the founder of this monster dry goods bazaar, and whoso portrait ffppears on page 104, is a native of Maine and camo to Milwaukee in 1858. Urn place of business was destroyed hy fire, October £8, 1884, and before- tho riiitm had cooled, workmen and materials were on the ground for the construction of a new edifice* Tho misfortune only stimulated Mr, Chapman to renewed endeavor, and ho determined to erect as elegant and attractive a building for trade purposes as skill could design or money command. The imposing exterior is only a hint, however to tho attractiveness of the interior. Throughout the whole store, on every floor, ingenuity has exhausted itself in elaborateness of execution and warmth and harmony of color.
Grand stairways, with heavily carved balusters, massive chandelier*,* recede* filled with vases, mahogany rails and brass lattice work, lead from floor to floor. Parlors, retiring and toilet rooma for customers, visitors and employes are plentifully provide^^^                        which good tuste and comprehensive provision could suggest for use, comfort, and admiration in a trade palace ia wanting. The store, which is represented by tho engraving on page 105, ia located at the corner of Wisconsin and Milwaukee Streets, diagonally opposite tho Post Office, and ia well worthy of a visit.
Another leading Dry Goods house of this city ia the renowned establishment of  A. W. Rich & Co., ^ Nos. 413, 415 4% 417 Broadway, of which an excellent engraving is given on page 100,
Mr. A. W. Rich, the founder of this well-known house, whose portrait is shown on the preceding page* was horn July, 1843, in the small village of Somos, Hungary, and came to this country with his parents ip 1808. In 1857 an interesting period of Mr, Rich's life began—his father having become imbued with the idea of being a farmer, and with this purpose in view settled his family upon \W acres of uncultivated land in Michigan, where young Rich from his fourteenth to his eighteenth year experienced all the hardships and toil characteristic of pioneer life. From here the family removed toOwosso, Michigan, and young Rich retraced his.steps to civilization and came to Milwaukee as an optician in June, 1884. After two years' effort in the optlclat business, without satisfactory results, he changed his base of operations and entered into a new channel which finally developed into his present extensive business enterprise. Mr. Rich became the pioneer merchant of Wisconsin Street, Oc* tober 20, 1867, with a capital of $430, in a store of modest dimensions, which grew from month to month until it became one of the largest in its line ofbusinesa J. B. Ligikokk.                               upon that now popular business thoroughfare.  - Being
pressed for larger quarters which Mr. Rich could not possibly obtain in this old location, he once more decided to pitch his tent upon still newer fields to mercantile pursuit. A large building on Broadway unoccupied, the old Chamber of Commerce, stared him i« the face. Xt was a great-venture, and many of his best friends thought a hazardous one. but Mr. Rich relied on his business strength and reputation to attract the people, and the public know by this time that he bus not been disappointed.
J. B. Ligikokk, one of the earliest settlers of Milwaukee, was born in Alsace, France, May 5, 1818, coming hero November 1, 1886, In 1849 Mr, Liginger established his fruit, cider and vinegar business, which from a very modest beginning grew to be one of the most extensive in this line in the Northwest. After a long and honorable career, Mr. Liginger, of whom an excellent portrait is presented on this page, died May 14, 1886, leaving the conduct of the business in the hands of his son, Walter II. Liginger, who had been entrusted with its active management for some years past*
One of the moat extensive Carpet ami Upholstery houses in the West, is that of Messrs. Goldsmith
& Co., Nos* 8d$ A 857 East Water St.    An engr§» 4n% of their establishment will be foxmd on the first \mgt\
Having seen all tho noteworthy points of interest in tho city or being through with your business
here, and wishing to provide yourself with tickets for1 home, it will be to your advantage to call upon
Mr. B. M. Yunger, the well-known railroad ticket broker, *No. 86 Wisconsin St.* near Grand Ave. bridge.
THE mm* OF   HILWAUKKK.
IN tli** historical sketch, I he rim and development of the public pre** has been alluded to, ami it remain* only in thia place to hrielly notice the newnpupeva iaimed in tho city nt present. The German paper* published hero exert a powerful influence in political and oocial quest tuna, ma-tufe&tty more ao than in other large eitien of the I'mon.
THK UKBMAN PRESS.
Tmt*' I(ruom>m waa established in l#0t,hy Mr. W, \V\ Coleman. The iierntd kuihUng i« centrally located* within two block* of [\»»t OmVe, Chamber of Commerce, principal Bank**, Hotels and Courta, ia 111 tod up in modern at vie, and ban ample accommodation* for the nevera! department** of the ever increasing btHiucv* <*( the llerohl and other puhlicatioua issued therefrom. Itn upper Klory eomahw tho well*lighted ,iml properly ventilated competing and nteieotype romiiHj (hit third Kior)^^ model aa regards tho arrange*
incut of it* uumeroua editorial roonm and Hhrary. Tho aeeond atory t* the homo of the Milwaukee Prens Club and of Newspaper Correspondent**, while tho huBiuesa department requirca the greater part of the ground lloor. Tho Pressroom** ft re located in tho basement ; a new Web Perfecting Pre*« ban been reeenlly added,
Tho "Daily HtroM" having tho largest circulation of all Milsvmikeo dailyipapora, occupies a front rank an an adverthjitig medium, as doea the *' IVttA'fv //<roftP\ circulated hugely throughout tho Northwent, The ii(hrm*n Agritufturai and ffiiriUniiural ymtrnaP\ published since 18?0, ia itemed 8omt*montiily« Tho German-American Jn-dmttrial Gazette: * Pregrtss of the Agt" aims to xupply ita reader* with information ahnilar to that of tho *'i>eientitic American"; separate depart-menta devoted to Art, Natural md Industrial 8oieneo, Geographical and Historical Knowledge being maintained. Tho "Family Ctreten (lm Kaniiiienkreifte) h a bi-weekly* literary publication imml from tho Herald oflke, and completes tho trio of jour.'ittht furnishing instructive and entertaining reading in tho German tongue to proh* ably hundrcda of thousands of people throughout the United ^taten. To those conversant with and to students of tho German language, these oublica-liona furninhed at very moderate ratea, will be of Hpeeial value. To beginners in Gorman, Mr, Coleman1* German educational fiertea; tho "A-B-0 Post", ** Kinder-'* ,"Jugond-" and "Lelifer-Post" are strongly recommended* furntahing reading matter heat adapted for tho different ata^ea of their study; th'*y arc printed weekly ami many thousands of copies are furnished to Public and Private Schools throughout the united 8tatcHf either free of charge or at about coat of production* For detailed in for* mutton address tho publisher of '* The Herold."
TttK^BKKmvrB1-', published by P, V. Deiwter & Co., Milwaukee, Wis,, ia tho oldest German paper in the Northwest, ft fa imaied conjointly with ° Banner and VolkHfretind", established in }8<U~~dnily and weekly ediiiona, the daily edition comprising 40 columna* Tho Sunday edition "'relophoiio" and tin He!let rialio Hnnday-Kxtra contain in tho aggregate &8 column*, 84 of whieh consist of reading matter. Tho ^whote recetven VirHt'ChtBH telegraphic diapatehed from all parts of this country and from abroad, by tin* ** United Preas", and tho latest new« by mail from all part* of tho world. Tho oellelrfatia department in «';irefully edited, presenting the neweat and beat pntduetioua of modern literature, and the reports from th« city ami country are correct and elaborate. The Heebotc, whoso senior proprietor, the Hon, P. V. l>eUHter, wan for two tenon Representative to Tungre^ from thia district, exerta a powerful iniluenco in politied and <fK*ial affair* among tho German clement, and ita large circulation in tho Northwestern >tat*'s r<*iiderH it one «»f the mo»t dei«irahlo adverttKtng mediums.
Tuk Mu.wvUkkk " Prkik Pkkssb" wh« founded June, 187^, Mr. Richard Michoelis, tho publisher «.f the tlneauo ** Preie Prewe'\ having pnrcha«cd the k*Ho^ialkt **, which at that time appeared in this '•iiv, .ii\d chimwd the nunc into '* Freio Pr«»»*f *\ with Mr, Hermann **\g?l jih editor*in*cliief, and Mr. I'mhM litihb'rt, l*»«\d editor, AMer the expirnth n of one year, Mr^Sige! pnixdtaaed tho paper, and up* P'.'titird Mr. .1. Y*«iri an huninefw mannger» Mr, A. .kdttwni having charge of the ndverttfttitg.department. un \t;»v t*r IHHU, a ^t.^ok emnpnny purehaved tin* ** Ihntner and Volkj»freund*', nndtticdnily ip«ue of the kit-
Thk **Hbkomj** BuiLpiNcs, Cciunku Mason Stkhrt ani> Broadway.
•uo
The Ptmm of MtfAVAimBB,
ter paper wa« merged into the " Freio Pre«*e", which then wna published as a morning paper by Mr.Slgtd,
who continued as editor-in-ehief. In Oeolier, 1881, the *' Freie Preate'* was again changed to a*n evening paper, with "Banner ami Volksfreund*' as its weekly edition. In November, 1884, Mr.jKigel retired from the paper, and was *mrceedcd by Mr. (). K, Cans. In April, 1885, Mr, Higel purchased the **l«>eio Pre«H*M from Representative to Congrcxa K. Uucnther, who had come into its possession upon the dissolution of the **loek company which had formerly owned it, and since that time the paper ban been published and edited by Mr. Higeb   The business department is in charge of Meaarx. J. Anerlmeh and A. Johnson,
Tlie " Freie PresseM is conceded to be an excellent advertising medium, as it has a largo circulation. In its early history, the "Freie Preane" \va» a Uepuhlieanorgan, but, since the Just presidential campaign, it ha* maintained a strictly independent position, advocating progressive ideas in every direction and fully justifying tho appellation " Free Press' » It is an organ of the peoplo ami a champion of equal rights and liberty.—>f r, Sigel in a vigorous writer, and thoroughly imbued with the courage of hi** conviction*.
Tin* "(ikhhania" jh a German weekly, independent in politics; established in 1873, It is published by the Ccrmania Publishing Co. {Geo, Brumder). U i»* one of tho largest German weeklies, in ante and circulation, published in the Union.  It in ably edited, and supports tjie doctrines of tho Protectant church.
Tilfi " FukimknK ki<" ia a weekly journal, devoted to the principle** of free-thought and liberal view**, and the discussion of political and philosophical tonics, ft was founded in 1H?1, ami has attained it wide circulation throughout this country and abroad. 'I hrough the recognized ability and energy of its editor. Mi*. C, Ii. Boppe, the *'Froidetiker" has attained considerable influence and prominency among the German press, Karl Hein/.en'a " Pionibk" was merged into the *'Freidenfcer'* in 1880, The "Amiuu-K.VNiHCHK TuHNKR'/.BrfUN<t'\ the official organ of tho North-Amertran Turuerhund, in a special edition of "The Freidenker" with additional matter pertaining to Turn*Vcreins and Turning. The il Eic/tKii-liN<isi*i/,tvrTKit"» edited by Mr. Max Grossmnnu, is a monthly, devotc<l to education, and also published by the Freidenker Co.
"Akminia" a free-religious weekly and "Lucifp.ii" a humorous* monthly, were founded in 1881, and are published by M. Biron at 428 East Water Street.
The ••Ahukitrk-Zkituno" is the organ of the Central Labor Union, and is a well-edited advocate of the intereatfiof the laboring classes*. The *VAu" ia a humorous, illustrated weekly, established in 1878, and now published by Mr. A.Gfrorner.
The "Columbia'*, a (Catholic weekly, *\va« founded in 1873. Mr. J. M« A, Behnltheis, the editor, is a gentleman of rare ability. The paper enjoy* a good circulation, and in considered an authority in Catholic circles. The '* Kxckmhok", a German weekly, also published in the interests of the Catholic church, was founded in 1883. It is {)we to the untiring perseverance and industry of its well-known editor and manager, Mr. Jos. P»ril/», that the "Excelsior" has achieved its remarkable success and present position among the Catholic press of America.
THE ENGLISH PRESS,
The ** Milwaukisk SENTtNKf,M is conceded to bo the most influential journal and the leading newspaper in Wisconsin, as well m the l>est advertising medium in the State, It is also the oldest daily in the -Btate, being now in its 50th year,    It publisher a daily, Sunday and weekly edition, at 89—98 Mason St,
The parent newspaper, of which the, Milwaukee Evening Wisconsin is the prosperous child, was named the Milwaukee Advertiser. It was the first journal established m this cjty? the third in the state. Its initial number was published on July 14,1880. Buhsequently, in March, 1841 ita name was changed to the Milwaukee Courier.   By that title ft was thereafter known until June 8,3847* when Wm. K, Cramer
became Us owner, named it the Evening Wisconsin, and began the publication of daily, tri-weekly and weekly editions*. During nearly forty years which have since elapsed, Mr. Cramer has been its editor-in-chief. In June, 1864, he received into business partnership his nephew, John F» Cramer, and in July, 1868, A, J, Aikens was admitted, the firm stylo being Cramer, Aikens <& Cramer, The business relationship thenes ibl fcmed, is still maintained unchanged.
From that smali, experimental business established by the senior Mr, Cramer and representing an invested capital not exceeding $5000, tho enterprise baa grown to be one of the most gigantic of its kind in the West. The firm's present printing house, an expensive, imposing five-story brick structure, is not surpassed in arrangement, equipment and adaptability by any similar establishment in the country. As a newspaper, the Mvming Wisconsin has attained the very front rank in Western journalism. Its field include* Milwaukee and Wisconsin not only, but tho Northwest, and is steadily extending; while the merit and value of the journal as a news and advertising medium are constantly increasing* A new, fast, perfecting press with a capacity of 15,000 an hour has been set up ii* ita machinery room; the improvement was compelled by the nndeviating and rapid growth of its *• v.vKNiwi Wisconsin mnunNo, circulation, which far exceeds that of any other newspaper in the foK. Mn.\vAl*KRB AsnMirinOAtf St».     gtate.
The " Evening Jouunai," is the youngest of the daily papers published in the English language in Milwaukee,
It would lead too far even to make mention of the many minor sheets, periodicals and magazines, published in the English, Uerman and other i Signages in this city. A full list of ail these can be found in WrightVCity Directory, to which we refer every one seeking further information.
RAILROAD AND STEAMER LINES.
THE CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE * HT. PAUL RAILWAY.
>"pM*> npeak of Milwaukee without alluding to ttagroat Railway Would ho at leant unnatural, and wfiether I in it* general oHiee* tn tho Mitchell Building, its ahops in tho Meuomonee Valley, having an army of employe-*, or over any of ita fitHX) utiles of completed and thoroughly equipped road, tho Chicago* Milwaukee and St, Paul Railway commands tho respect and good wishes of every Milwmtkeeau, not only for the .safety and watchfulness bestowed an human life and properly confided to its euro, hut for the marked politeness and courteousness of manner of all Us officials, from tho highest to the lowest, in dealing with the public >vho happen to come in contact with them, To the credit of both City and Railway, tho •'Old Frame. Barn1* style of architecture for passenger depota, in vogue on many linen of road, has given place here to the new passenger depot facing the Fourth Ward Park, nml fronting on Everett Street, ft ia &M) feet long hy #3 feet wide, exclusive of the iron buildiftg to the south of it, largo enough for live train*?. The main building is constructed of red pressed brick, rod Hand stone and terracotta, with iron hcanis, alate roof and fire proof tile floors, Over tho main cut ranee tho clock tower rises to a height of 178 (wl; {Jie building \« warmed throughout by steam iu\t\ well ventilated, Tho waiting rooms are finished in hard wood wiih stained glass window*, all corridors in enamelled brick and marble. Tho cost of the Depot in estimated at about $400,000.                                                                                         v
MILWAUKEE, LAKK SHORE* WESTERN RAILWAY.
While many lines of Railway in the country have told "all they knew", to lure the sportsman and angler, there tH»hll left one line of road, which the landscape artist and the disciples of Nimrod and i$iak Walton have not exhausted.
Take a county map of Lincoln and Langlade counties, not an old map, for yon will not find one-tenth of ihe lake*contained in those counties laid down by tho surveyor, hut you will find enough to ahow you what to expect in the way of tinning facilities.
To rea*-h tItem follow the line of road through Belgium, Cedar (trove, and Oosfburg, pawing tho well-known summer resorts on Lake Michigan, the cities of Sheboygan and Manitowoc, into the valley of the Fox Kiyer a^ Kankauua, Little Chute and Appletou, and then for the almost untrodden fore/t of Northern Wisconsin, ami thenhoreaof Lake Superior.
At Shawano, a stage or team will take you to Kcshona, some eight mi lest away. Thin Is the principal Indian Village in the Mcunmouco Reservation, ami ha« much to interest the atudeut of httmau nature, should yon desire to make the trip slowly, and note nomewhat the rcsoureea of the cotintry through which the main line of road passes, you can lake a branch line en route, and return either to Oshkosh, Oconto, Green Bay, Shawano, or Wausau tn\ the Wisconsin river.
But at Antigo, the road commences ita real work of civilization and getting through the forest that stretches* for ISO miles to Lake Superior.
Mile afteV mile, ia passed and still there w hut little break among the trees that surround one. The fn^t station w Deerhrook, i}15 milcH from Milwaukee, and a little beyond ia Kempstor, both places being within easy reach of Home of the lineal hunting ground* in tho State. The Railway Company baa provided hunting earn with berth*, kitchen, atore-room and dining-room for ita patrons, and theao may he side-tracked as long as the occupant* wish, at either of tho above Htatiomt,
At Pelican Luke station, aeventeen mi lea north of Kempater, the Kagle river and its tributary lake region is entered. From now on, for nearly forty mile*, one traverses a country literally crowded with lakes, rivers and brooks in whose waters are count teas lish. At almost every turn of the road aomo new lake <>r stream is seen; at Monico Junction, 241 mt lea from Milwaukee, a branch line exlenda to Khinelamler, fourteen milea to the westward, where thero ia Htill another group of lakes near which runs the Wisconsin river. At almost any of the points now passed one may leave tho train to teat the pleasure** of the woods or tmjoy the fishing, while ut Sutuit, on tho Rhinelander branch, another aide track has been built for the use of those having hunting eara and who deal re to visit Lakes George and Thompson located near by.
Between Momeoaud Kagle River station, the way leads past Clear Water hike and, north of Eagle, crosses the river of that name, climbs the low range separating tho Lake Superior from tho ^Wisconsin river alope, passes. Water.smeet and at Gogebic enters the newly-discovered iron region from which largo quantities of ore are now being mined. For nearly fifty miles the way ieada paat active mining towns, the growth and development of which are tho wonder of tho State, through itense forests, and by tho side of tumbling at ream**, until at last one scea before him tho broad expanse of Ohecjnamegon bay, at the Hide of which stands the city of Ashland, The journey of 301 milea has been accomplished. In retrospection, ita varied attractions form ever-pleasing subjects of which to fondly think — a cotintry <>f wealth, o( interesting features, of sfrange novelties.
Tub Chicago & XourtfWKSTKHN* is another large Railway, operating many miles of road in the #tate, making Milwaukee the central point for ita Wiaeonain branches. It* depot !* located at the foot of Wi*-eo»r.'u» Street
Tiiiv Wisconhi.v Ckntrai, Railway baa its headquarter* in Milwaukee; the offices are located in the t'ulby & \hbot! building, corner Mason and Milwaukee Street a.
T$tK Mh ¦* UKKKtt' NoaniKKN R'v is another home road, witlr office* in the old X. W. Life Inx.LVa buildinii, coru«»»  Ponadway A'    ^iwoiwin Sheet.
Tmi> Ih taojr, (iitwn II wkn ant»> Mii • aukkk R'v, and Thr I* *,int ^ Pk«k M awjukitk Raii.hoao •oid S'-n-sMttnu Lim<: h:i\*« Sl<> hut Landtngx o* this city ivi the foot of WeM Water Street, and at oU West W u»-i  >Ii*m-i t j. -|*.>« fi* ? h
Tmk (t'ltuicn it >u wtKit tastes run t«>all pnrts'on Lakes Michigan and Superior,  with office** at the
Summer in SKisconsin.
and around Milwaukee twin* hardly complete
vithout some  mention of  the other Summer
KcsorU in the State, and the place of honor we mu*t accord
"*•               to Waukesha, whose healing water* have followed iiUhe track
of civilisation all over the world.   The Famotta Silurian Spring in the only Spring in Wankcaha endorsed
by the leading Chicago phyairtana. The water from thin spring i* a apccific for Diahetea, Bright** Disease,
Gravel, Constipation, and all dmtm* of the Liver and Kidney*,   It ia well to bcrcfiuttoua
Sim/riai? Bakings, Waukesha, Wis.
of Water* offered m substitutes for Silurian,  generally   claimed to he equal io it and usua/ly sold m
aWauke«ha Water1*/   A 30-page descriptive pamphlet wi*f ho mailed free U> any address upon application*
For thone who have once vi«iled the Saratoga of the Weft, iho Fountain House and the hatreds
of leaner xtopphig places need no mention or encomium.    All the enjoyments? of a  Grand Baint the life
tli«i latiff^igft f$$t < ^
20,000 fcetttWe tin* 20,000 engUfd^e %emj>lttre
„ftotitt*ttir tiitd ^iilirtrs**
wttri\'it $er$ffteUt in htx
•Vli
JUcttUtt%~||¥ttc:Ueicex   *
^^^^^i^^^^^^r^^*^5?^
|* I|* ^a6e $ (2e,,
4«t Oftttmfferfiraf&  3,
iiniwank^, WH.
Jbftt ttttftre $rwfem fattit foitnt fin llmflattti Qiinftiget' tyreiijeit, af$ ^   bie ZftatMe, Daft atio ocirfellicn tic fet 8tt$ fteruotgiug,
im a«6te 1878 mtirte imler «ef«W geflrUntok elite Sretyreffe nm ettie flcinc tfn*ttHi$l fton Xpcn ^il^eieit *a* Krleitdmateviof. Seiifceiit lourttit |tt>ei ffttlnfeerpre (fen, ftoet «tcfl*« fiir flelnere Uttb 3»rii|^r6rtteii itnli an1»ere9Raid|lifeririin(ief<feoift; tile Bt\ximtu\i iff fine 10»9feitoiraft SDamjifmafftirie; ~ foritt>&()reiitoe nnfc Cdftf|»irli0e <Xuf$affut?gert fort mmn %\jpm tonrDtit {eftilttrrPaiftHA MoftfoenMfl, um mit tier JJtmafjmebfg (Hffftaftttf ajeicftert mmtt ju 6«Uetu
Ua feereii ^ieitfle tticlji gefnaudji hierten, intern es Don Je unfer Seflrefien mar unfere Jlunften fo |U leftantoelm frift HiefH6cit nigt aftftefjen nn$ and) M i^rctt $efattntcn §u e mjifejfcit.
ttitfer friiiiip mar (lets jiromM/ getniffenftaft unto inner 1 i*f fig in tier tttstfii|run« after «n$ antiertrauten ^rSetteri
...............      $ti felii/ nntt tCffef tttie nereinlart |ti leforgen, fo bag tamer elite
pie OnolHot nan 3late rial uti^ ate nofle WtijaQf fcer fieftfOien Srodtyuften gelieferi tmttte, tint* ill fcer Uub Wnnng nn|ew SDrtiiferei toielem <9efd}ftftt|}run%tdte 3« utrUnnfett.
Seftefluttgett |>er foil tticrtieft |>taftij)i uttt> mit &er grofcieit Sorojaft an^efn^rt.   8rie fH4e $C«frageti tuerfccu ei-ttiitttfrtit unfc fteHe&e mm $« atirefdrcii
ftteMon Via* :K».                                                                    421 Oflro*fitr$$<ra3f, 9RUu>attfct, $H$*
&& t m #infi(tt< M«U* *Hdi:<* lourbt tn en*Ui<ft«  £v»jOk j|C*iHtft,  um belong* btt»wr*ulH&*ii, Mfc wtc »m<* *UNite» i«
M, «, **Htf A CO., H\ £AST WATCft ST., W»vWAUK£f •
OCOXOMOWOC AND  P&WAimiSE.
m
and gayety, the fun—fa»l and furious—can bo found during the seanon in Waukenha, either \fy the active participant or the contemplative invalid.
No barnburner lour fur n few duya can bo found in the country, than to start from Milwaukee with a good span of horses, drive first to Pewaukee Lake, vbni Lakemde with tin comfortable bole! ant! conservative cottage  resident*,   pa&sing   HnrtlansL round I*ine Lake, North Lake, and Okauehee* with their ^ovely private homea and ple.isa.it resting places, aonih to Nashotah MMntt  the Twin Lakes and  Netnahbm with  its Sugar Miami camping place, back to Gif-ford's on Oeonomowoe Lake\ where you will always feed at home and !>e made to if yon dont.
Of  the heautien of  the  lake
country   around   Oeonomowoe" so
much haMalready been written, that
iUlc remains to be told; but the
writer having camped, fished, and
tramped through it for twenty-five
yearn  never  fails each season, to
find  aome   new
Imauty,    Home
fresher   ebartn,
unnoticed   or
passed by in each
preceding   one*
Ko    much    ban
been done in this
section, not only
by   the   earlier
ORAP£» HAU,  OCONO«OWOC,                                           SCttlorKUIul t llOPf
mure favored with ibis  world's  goods who   have   Kelt led here iti later yearn, not  to   make   fortunes, but to enjoy those   already   ae> quired,   but also the spirit «»f the founders of  Xa-shotuh     MtsKhtn <eetiitf     to    have
pervaded     the very   wood*   am laudneape.  Tree* have  been  left  in placet*, the landscape gardener and the architect of suburban homes have been kept chained up   while the awful utilitarian ban not   entirely (Unplaced everything, "pour atltivtr sts r/wuxtyi
In driving from Milwaukee to Odarhurg, you may fairly believe you are "over the Rhine/* but on some of the many country roads around Oeonomowoe, walking your bornea in the quiet lanes, catching here and there a glimpse of cultivated country and well-eared for homes, it seem* like Pome favored English county; there in a certain charm about it all, something you cannot altogether explain or care to talk about;   it may  be only  "that it'tf Englitdi, you know";
114
Mai>i8om and Vicinity.
model* of elegance and care.   The Railway also publishes a smalt mat* of the lake* and driven around
Oconomowoc, which can be obtained free upon request from the Passenger Department of this road.
Draper Hall and the Townsend Home at Oconomowoc, ImttKca of which the reader will find ilSitatrations on the preceding page, are too well known to neml notice.
If you have leimire to vi»»t another Hummer report and a city combined, which  the Inhabitant** will
admit iRHomcwhat mnaller than Chicago,
go to Madinon;    Ii h the Capitol of Wisconsin, but the legislature m not in sowlon
in theaummer time*   If you have a tanfe
for book*, the library and museum of the
State IIbUorieal Society are in the Capitol
building, and the h!intent   interested  in
copper and stone relief  thoughts about
the mound builder**, and the raeea who
wandered from  I*de Jioyale in Lake Ku>^
perior to the mar«heHof Mexico, cartTiere
find   opportunities*   to   atttdy,                  ^j,
theorize, or a comfortable chair               %*,<
to dream about  them   in, on
any warm Mimmet '* afternoon.
If   Mad hum
had nothing
but ita hotels
and lift lake* to reoom*
mend    it,
it would Brill
be   n    more
than usually
attracti ve j
an miner  re- j
Hort, for the]
Park   Hole
and Ton-ya-
wa-tha  are
j» Uasant
memories to
all who ever
made a transient    home
there.     But
there fa**Tlic
M o n o n a
Lake Assembly/'  the Chatauqua
of the North-
went.      Full particulars
an to the date
of   meeting, program mea
etc., will always*, be furnished on application to the Secretary of the Monona Lake Assembly, Madison, Wis. The great feature of the Assembly meetings is, that the visitors all live in tents, enjoying the luxury of camping out in tHowood«, while partaking of the intellectual feasts that are spread before them. *A*paeiou« and well-conducted dining halt is located on the grounds for the accommodation of those who do not wish to prepare their own'meals.
And now, leaving Madison, ita sweetest! lakes and drives, for some wilder scenery, m every c8*e-*e&n become tired of the finished ooflnc**, the mtk nml wit in in landscape m well m to other thttig*t and Jstgh
SJFFORO'S-OCO&OMOWOC   IAK£.
L\K£ 8tsm AKi> Tiik l>s$Ui*.
U5
More «»f <|>it**t amusement for the hotani? h* Hear cold water*, ami lichen-covered gr material alike fur the (Kherman and the ar < lill' House taken care of them all.
From h»«re a pleaxanl evemng'a ride * and Northwestern Railway bring!* you to. Sparta,   with   it*   clear   air   and   trout streams    Krom  thl-t point, with an  experienced driver, a  pleasant  week\s trip ean  he made through the CoolieH   lying between   the   Prairie  thi  ( hieu and  r*a Crowe   IMviHton of the Chicago,    Milwaukee   and   St, Paul Railway.    Excellent trout iUhlng, and both at Viola ami Ontario good cooking and clean bed*can he found.  The country «»n holh hranehen of the Kieka-poo river  irt   aa wild   and  un-viHited an anything in the more northern portion** of the ntttte* and liaa excellent  material for the artist and lover of a broken woody country.    Differing totally from the lake country, it ha*t neither been written tip or finhed out, but po&se&HeaKeenery peeuliarly it* own;   tin Cooliea reHemhJtng nearer the far*famed valley*of Switzerland than anything on thin nide of the Atlantic,  all that \h lacking in the eternal Know, and that, in Wisconsin, we eau diftpeiwo with. Before leaving the nouthern part of the Htate, a transient visit ahould be math* to Lake i Jeneva; it has become, alnnwt a Kuhurh of   Chicago and  tim   arrival  of 4,{h»* husband'?* train"   on  the Chicago and Northwestern Itailwav rvcry evening, and  iH depa-ture   in   the   .i»»rntnK»   the pi <•*! v t'oMf itiiu-x :*od the brant tful ehitdretl ' Would    ;iiioo*<t    *-*»t*v»*rt   a    <A Ha^«'<t«>U "
i'or nand, dry rock*, pine-wood* and rough faro once more, and you can ;;et all thia on the Wifteotufin Hiyer, Hot but what you can we the Delia of the Wisconsin at Kilbmtrtt and Pevil'a Lake in mitin nlippern, ktdglovea and a drawl. If yon want to; that t«, front a hotel piax&a or tho deck of a HteaudKmt. lint if yon will leave all thw behind, and follow for once, if you ea*n find one to lead yon, aomeono who known the river like Bennett the photographer at Kil-homn, leave your everyday life with the key of your room in charge of the clerk at your hotel, take to tho woods, pcramhie over the great roekx, get well wet through, mm-burned, tired and hungry, m>e the ia«l raya of the mm go down through the pine**, lintel* to what the river tells yon In the night, watch for the fir»t glimp^ea of the duwn,*you may go hack to your hotel a better man, perhap*; at Icoxt you will have an appetite fur ymir breakfast.
The mineralogist can paiw many  happy day* at Devil's Lake an well art Htudiouaonen, and there  i* an equally-large
»t  in  hi** way.
ey rock* alWd
ti*t» while the
110
Ds&vu/a JUak& ani> Aiwi<Mrro*r.
There are some quaint Indian legend* connected with this lake, but no local bogies; and a great railway company as- j sure* us withal that it h not a lonely place, where "blue devils** haunt the visitor*.
Pausing Neenah and Me* nasha, on the Wisconsin. Central Railroad, you notice Duty's Island, and Robert's Resort thereon, where in "yeolden time" the Indian tourists wandering from the Mississippi to Lake Superior used to stop] you, reader, might do worse.' But; If you w:»nt, there tire still before you Clearwater Lake? the Hap* id* oftho Wisconsin River at Uhiiteluiulcr* the Chain
From here let us make a run to Applcton on the Milwaukee, Lake Shore and Western  Hallway, taking in the lake cities of Sheboygan and Manitowoc en route.   The prettiest drives at Applefon are perhaps those which follow the hank of the Kbx liiver; the deep blue water with Its tremendous onward force attracts you involuntarily ;   utilized,   it  has become one of the largest wale* powers for  manufacturing purpose* in the country.    Applcton has hotels suited to all purses,  and  the nights are cool everywhere. — Before going further    north,    clear into     the     pinewoods, a pleasant stop  might be made at Cedar Lake; not the largest lake in the state by any means/ but   one   about   which fish-stories are told too huge entirely for insertion here,   ffot forgetting Klkhart Lake, the "Para-dis Terrestre" of the la»y artist   and   amateur,    for nowhere else in the state do all the  hard and soft woods grow quite so nicely side by side, ready to have their pictures taken;   sky and   water   back-grounds are always there, and you have not even to think how to put them all together,  nature does everything,—except paint the picture,—
«tv*8»10f   08IY8,   Ap**UTON«   **<8
(uKlKRU;,   Cf.KAH   WaTKH   LaKK   AND   EmNKf*A*H>BK.
t!7
for Uw <>wn sake. The botanist :ttt«l mineralogist, an distinguished from the mine hunter, are hut too often 1 title thought of by the writer of the ToiiHhI** Guide, and while yon may not enter them* great nomhre northern wood* entirely with the feellnga of a Bnih-iiiin, there are those who go to nature like Jule* Mi* ehelet—for comfort, consolation, and rent, and not altogether with the feelings of the sportsman, whose mo r n i ng g met i ng in: v< What a line day, let*« go ;tnd kill something!"—ft wax the earlier Druida, th*-follower* of I he saered tnirff h*h»e, who sang : '?hnlirM'ii lietrgeu HaHeii, Kvinil titiiit *li«( Hju'Ih* m< lit, I ml »*t *l-r M»'iiy« h ^«'fa!!t>u, /.»( h«-II«*ti i*i iitiM'n* iMliriil."
It remained f»«* theKO Millie oh{ felloWH in moro dt'vjenrr.tledayH, when thev h id cultivated a taste f. r ih- it pait-ditonrr** dinners, iu..|jit ii|i :t Moody **a«Ti* n< »»   in   ? h«»   wtmiN,   of   {h»«
o' Lakes tit Waupaca^ the mummed atreutuH and lakes j, the dark silent evergreen wood** of the Mighty North, to all of which Ureat Unknown you have aa yet but stepped into the I order-land,
Healthgiving, purifying
to ItingK and brain, the firwt
morning you wake up in the
pinewood    and    lie   atill,
quite Htill,  Ktmply breath*
ing and thinking*  It will
alfeet yon like a two-atory
morning nhowerhath in the
.tropica* The nenHafloiVwill
he  a  novel one,  h\m& an
yon may he, nhoeking hut
arotiBtng.    Yon   will   feel
eleaner in more waya than
one, even if yon don't live
up to your good intentions,
Gogebic?   ik   the  Alpha,
Anhland  and   it« Chequa-
megon   the   Omega, of   a
I title book printed for free dintrihu-
tion by the  Milwaukee, Luke Shore
and Western Railway, and there arc
parages in it by one who love* the wood** and nature
«*f>OS  Of   **5£ON$»«  RtVEfl,  fiK*N€*A*0£«,   *«4.
US
Ckimu Lakk ani> I^k<<: Gknrva.
best thing there, — the horse jiimI hi» rider! Should yon not find up here all which you desire, before complaining, think of Chat very ohl northern Indian Mnry . .. . "Take away llial stone/* said (he dancing girl in the moonlight,—if wan his heart which the chief had thrown on the rug under her feet ! , , , .
Kim, Oak, Beech and Pine, all are here,  and  an you  go  north,  the  mow* grows thicker, the shadows deeper and darker, the lights Hearer and the virgin wildnesA of nature more interna,    It is the old Afresh, free, strong and true** of the vine ami the oak.    And there is another feeling up here;   it is, thai the summer in ho njj<»rt and all nature, animate or inanimate, is making the beat of Uh time.    You will nee it everywhere, go  which  way  you   will*   whether  the streams run north to the great inland sea of Luke Superior, or south to the Mis* nWtppi, whether it  in rest or aport, enjoyment or gain, which brings yoju here: for the old  woman's Mory  is ever true tc«>AH lA»tc, *.«.      here as elswhere, ''that there's ore in the mine and *i*vcr in the lead, and wealth for him an in to win it.    Something will he found that is now hidden, and h«« been hidden since the world waa made, and --good fortune has to follow the man she wan made for,  before the oldest tree that's a'growing wan a wed.*—Iron, copper, silver and gold are all there for who shall find them, and letter yet, that feeling which prompt* us, brother, to open the fingers, instead of closing them over everything in this world."
"Afi/t-a/e/tefiffi*
Chain' o*Fmkks anm> Ashland.
110
There  is a picture in one of Iho hotek in the Bavarian
Alps of a poor little hunchback holding the!argeat and Ktnughl*
est of pines fast in bin arms, with iho/itrore <Pamor of a prima
donna.   At i\rM they looked on him an a mild maniac, hut
he came home regularly  to hreakfaat and paid bin bills,
vvr«»te neither poetry nor political article*, until at
la-t they began to regard  him  a* an   inomwive
member of KmMety,   A pawing
lh\ Professor clarified him an
*   "Tree   Worshipper*',    and
wr»»to a learned  article on the
dHeovery.      This    elided    a
reply   from   another   learned
hoetnr,    who    declared    the
somchhack |o  he  a patient of
U\<, whom b»> had   sent  I here
f«»i a course  of treatment   for
••urvaiure  *>f   the   Kpine   and
hay lever.    Our   pine*  are   as
*l might as in the A lp^, ho I hey
may   v\nt*   distorted    hrahw,
-pine*. moral**,*-or hay fever.
Allien >ahe ?
There   :tre  iho*e  who  go
i iv enough  to  believe in the
m*ra«fd<msseienee of vegetable
magnetism applied to honueo-
patliy an tin* elixir tie  vie, in
rejuvenating  old   head*   with
the sap of young vine***,   while
Heshly poetHKing that "such a
vegetable   love   would  surely
not  suit  me, ete.M    hi   thene
great forest*there are no ruum
and no legends,  hut  if there
are  no  wild huntsmen, there
remain* the more game, and
the feeling that  you can  set
fontonground where  possibly
nothing human baa preceded                                               chai* omaxcs, wauwa, wi«o*»*.
you.    Thin gives a zest and charm to their solemn alienee, peculiarly their own, even to one who does not
admire their denial calm, on the ground perhaps of h itesir ties (hoses t/tt'on n'ttime pas.
The color gnome* tint the beeches a brighter yellow, ami the maples flume out a more intense red, earlier up here than elsewhere; the time ha« come to turn our faccn southward, oneo more take firmer hold of the helm and sing with Krithjof Berseker: Brow of Trent Ion
Them North Sublime! I have no station
WUhtu iby clime. Ye rocks and itfumtx
I knew so well, Him* lake* ami highland*. Far* v >H, farewell.
F»lO MONO COLLEGE, ST. FRANCIS,WIS.
i he course of studies in the Normal School comprises four years. The programme of studies embraces Christian Doctrine, Kxcgesis, Liturgy, Church History, Pedagogy, Music (vocal and instrumental), English, German, Latin, Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Natural Science, Geography (political and physical), TL S. History and Government, Penmanship and Drawing*
In the College Department the course of studies comprises Religious Instruction, English, Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, Commercial Law, Bookkeeping, U. S. History and Government, Penmanship, Drawing and the Optional studies, viz: German, Latin, Music and Natural Science.
For particulars address,
Rev. OHARLES FESSLE8,
President.
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323 to 333 BROADWAY,
MILWAUKEE;    -     -WISCONSIN.
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