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Injectors and Attachments Lubricators and Oilers Engine and Boiler Fitting* 85-93 Liberty St., NEW YORK Western Office: 1612 Old Colony BUg., Chicago Please mention this magazine when writing to advertisers. ' w. CONTENTS T. E. Hill Frontispiece 8 Mr. Markham Honored by Officials of the Illinois Central System _ 9 Providence, Ky . 24 Military Department Letter from James Hansberry, Formerly Operator on the Minnesota Division, Who Is Now in France Helping to Whip the Huns..... 28 William H. Scott 30 Harold L. Cummings 32 F. P. Redman, Jr., Lieut. David D. Redman, Curran W. Redman _ 3? Office of the Signal Engineer _ 33 The Windy City Echo.... _ 35 Engineering Department The Highest Reinforced Chimney in the World 44 Freight Traffic Department Illinois Central Seed Corn Campaign 51 Passenger Traffic Department A Family Affair 53 Notes of Interest to the Service 58 Safety First Suggestions and Recommendations Relative to Uniform Methods of Organizing and Conducting Safety Work 67 Mechanical Department Coal Economy 71 Charley Barnett's Great Work 72 Hosnital Department ^The Food Value of the Banana 73 Claims Department 76 Transportation Department : 83 Freight Service "Sherlock Holmes" and the "Over and Short" Depart- ment -- 85 Editorial from the Railroad Herald, Atlanta, Ga., June. 1918 86 Roll of Honor Humph r ey Roberts ..*. ... 87 Winfield Scott Smith 88 United States Railroad Administration, Circular No. 36 89 Meritorious Service 91 Division News .. .. 93 Published monthly by the Illinois Central R..Ic. G>.. irttrie interest of the Company and its 34000 Employes Advertising Rates on Application Office 1901 Michigan Av. Telephone Wab"asK22QQ Chicago Local 33 ... 15$ per copy, $12? per year T. E. HILL, Superintendent, Kentucky Division. MR. T. E. HILL was born in Lynchburg, Va. Graduated from the Vir- ginia Military Institute, Lexington, Va., in 1892. Entered the service of the Illinois Central Railroad Company as track ap- prentice, Amboy Division, April, 1897; promoted to Chainman, St. Louis Divi- sion, September, 1897; Rodman, Tennessee Division, September, 1898; Assist- ant Engineer, Construction Department, September, 1899; transferred to the Louisiana Division as Assistant Engineer engaged in second track construc- tion, July 1900- acting Road Master, Tennessee Division, June, 1903; pro- moted to Road Master, October, 1903; transferred to the Louisiana Division, June, 1906; promoted to Superintendent Louisiana Division, June, 1907; jur- isdiction extended over New Orleans Terminal when the Louisiana Division and the New Orleans Terminal were consolidated under the name of the Louisiana Division in May, 1910; transferred to the Kentucky Division as Superintendent in November, 1917. Vol.7 Magazine JULY, 1918 No. 1 Mr. Markham Honored by Officials of the Illinois Central System y their iruits ye shall know them" Until vou roHiri] to us Ait revoir, but . . . . . not good-bye *~PHE officers of the Illinois Central and The Yazoo & Mississippi Valley railroads gave a dinner in the Crystal Room of the Blackstone Hotel, Chicago, on the evening of the 29th ult., in honor of their former President, Mr. C. H. Markham, who is now Director of the Allegheny Region, with office at Philadelphia. It was an exceedingly happy affair happy because the officers of the Com- pany, for that one evening, had Mr. Markham with them again, and they had him all to themselves. They enjoyed it to the full. However, there was a sad side to it all, which those present felt in their hearts, and that was the realization of the fact that their idol, (for it is true that no man was ever idolized by his subordinates more than was Mr. Markham), was leaving them for the period of the war, and perhaps forever, because he said him- self that he had accepted his present position with the Railroad Administra- 10 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE tion of the Government with no thought in mind except the thought of doing his utmost to help in winning the war. Beyond that he had made no plans. He had no time now to think of anything except the one job which he had in hand, and which every man had in hand, the job of helping to win the war. To this job he had given up everything and intended to let the future take care of itself. The idea of giving a dinner in honor of Mr. Markham seems to have been in the minds of all of the officers of the Illinois Central system at the same time. They wanted very much to do something to show their appreciation of the man who had done so much for them, and for the property. They wanted to do a very great deal, but knowing the simple tastes of Mr. Mark- ham, and his democratic spirit, they concluded that a reunion, and a dinner, would be the best means of expressing their feelings. Federal Manager Kittle was selected by the Committee on Arrangements for the position of Toast-Master. The invited guests present were Director Carl "R. Gray, of the Division of Operation of the Railroad Administration ; Director Hale Holden, of the Central Western Region, and Monsignor Edward A. Kelley, who delivered the invocation. Toast-Master Kittle read letters of regret from Regional Directors B. L. Winchell and R. H. Aishton ; President C. A. Peabody ; Secretary D. R. Bur- bank and Mr. Markham's two assistants, Messrs. M. P. Blauvelt and L. W. Baldwin ; Judge C. L. Sivley and Messrs. R. S. Charles, F. T. Mooney and others. A moving picture apparatus had been installed in the Crystal Room, and immediately following the dinner the lights were lowered and lines were thrown upon the screen showing the various locations of Mr. Markham dur- ing his business life ; also some short, pithy paragraphs expressive of the feelings of the officers of the Company concerning Mr. Markham and his work on the Illinois Central, some of which are quoted, as follows : Mr. Markham: We have given you to our Government with the distinct understand- ing that you are to return to us after the war. The battle for Democracy on the Illinois Central was won under the leadership of President Markham. Officers and employes pull together in the common interest. A railroad President whose trips over the road were always looked forward to with pleasure by all classes of employes: C. H. Markham. Publicity as a railroad policy was introduced to us by President Markham. The publicity child rapidly developed into a full-grown man. President Markham was the first to discover that damage suit lawyers hated and feared publicity more than any other thing. The policy of the Railroad Administration to-day in regard to claims was always the policy of President Markham. It can be explained in one word: FAIRNESS. Who is the greatest railroad man on earth? Markham. What railroad President bought steel rails, locomotives and cars in great quantities when they were cheap? Markham. Why was the Illinois Central able to take high rank among railroads in rendering service to the Government? Because of the foresight of President Markham in build- ing up the road-bed and supplying it liberally with equipment before the war. The bulls which were given away by President Markham in Illinois Central terri- tory have done fine service in winning the war. The head of one of our Departments thought that President Markham devoted the ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 11 major portion of his time to his particular department. The heads of all others Depart- ments, it seems, had the same idea about their respective Departments. Where are the hearts of the officers and employes of the Illinois Central system? With Mr. Markham, wherever he may be. Mr. Markham: The love, confidence and respect of the officers and employes of the Illinois Central system will follow wherever duty may call you. Following the slides were moving pictures of improvements along the Illinois Central lines for which Mr. Markham was responsible. TOAST-MASTER*KITTLE'S SPEECH. At the conclusion of the picture show, Toast-Master Kittle spoke as follows : "We are here tonight to honor a man who, in a few fleeting years, accom- plished wonderful things for the Illinois Central system, and who did more for the officers and employes of the property than any man, or group of men, ever -connected with it. That is a broad statement, but it is not exag- gerated in the least. "Here was a matchless railroad property which awaited only the touch of touch of the man of genius to shape its course and place it in a position of front rank among American railroads. "Here was as fine a body of men as the sun ever shone upon, but they needed leadership and encouragement. "The man of genius and the great opportunity were face to face when there came to us as our President, our honored guest tonight, Mr. C. H. Markham. "Most of us here tonight saw Mr. Markham for the first time at a dinner given in this very room on the night of January 12, 1911. On that occasion he won our confidence and esteem and a feeling of security rapidly spread over the entire system. Instantly we saw in Mr. Markham the leader whom we needed, and from that moment we have followed him with a confidence and a devotion seldom accorded to a man of business. "The seven years that followed were busy ones on the Illinois Central. They were crowded with achievements which by far surpassed our most sanguine expectations. "We are proud that our friend, and our benefactor, whom we honor to- night, has been called to occupy one of the powerful positions in the Rail- road Administration of the Government. We have a keen appreciation of all it means to the Railroad Administration. We also have a keen appreciation of the loss which we have sustained on the Illinois Central. During his absence we shall endeavor to apply his policies, which have done so much for the property, and the policies of the Railroad Administration. "We pledge our unstinted and enthusiastic support to the constituted authorities of the Railroad Administration and to the success of Government control of the railways during the period of the war. "I cannot trust myself to speak of Mr. Markham as a friend. My thoughts of him in that respect cannot be expressed in words. It would require music. "Mr. Markham, my fondest hope is that the next dinner given by the of- ficers of this Company will be one given after the war to welcome you back to your friends and to your home on the Illinois Central." VICE-PRESIDENT BOWES' SPEECH. In introducing the first speaker, Vice-president Bowes, the Toast-Master mentioned the fact that Mr. Bowes, although yet comparatively a young man, 12 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE had been in the service of the Company for forty-two years ; that the officers of the Company were justly proud of the Traffic Department and of the Vice-President in charge of traffic. Mr. Bowes spoke of the construction, development and extension of the Illinois Central and of the men who had made its history. He said the original Illinois Central was chartered to be built from Cairo, 111., to Galena, 111., and while under consideration the charter was amended to include the construction of a branch line to Chicago. The amendment to construct the branch line to Chicago met with considerable opposition but the complete charter was very strongly supported by that great Illinois Senator, Hon. Stephen A> Douglas, and was finally approved, so it may be said that Mr. Douglas was really the man who put the Illinois Central on the map. The construction was completed prior to the war of 1861-1865 and it will be particularly interesting to the Illinois Central officers to be told that the Illinois Central occupied even at that time a geographical position of great strategic importance. Mr. Bowes read from the annual report 'of 1864, as follows : "The local traffic upon the Illinois Central line in the year 1864 was much disturbed by the requirements of the Government; the forage and other sup- plies for the armies in the South-west were taken to a large extent from Illi- nois, and the preference which the Government had a right to demand, pre- vented the Company from doing the private business of the line with regularity. Great dissatisfaction has existed on the line of the road. Although the rolling stock has been largely increased in the past two years, we have not kept pace with the increasing volume of our business and require more motive power. Our expenses are much larger than in previous years. You will observe from the superintendent's report that the increase of traffic over 1863 was 38 percent, while the gain in net earnings is only 18.4 percent. We are exposed to very expensive labor in the machinery and repair department while the war is in progress." Mr. Bowes said this situation was not dissimilar to that existing on our road today, and that it was, no doubt, most pleasing to the Illinois Central people to know that their road, more than fifty years ago, was in a position to serve its country and did serve it faithfully and well, and its men in those days were imbued with the same spirit to do as is true of its men of today. The road has a great deal more mileage now than in 1865 but nevertheless it was a surprising fact Mr. Bowes brought out when he made the statement that the passenger earnings per mile of road in 1865 were greater than in 1916. He described the acquirement of the Southern Lines; the building of the Cairo bridge ; the purchase of the St. Louis, Alton & Terre Haute, giving us a line into St. Louis ; of the Chesapeake, Ohio & Southwestern, giving us a line into Louis- ville, Evansville and Paducah ; of the Louisville, New Orleans & Texas, now our Yazoo & Mississippi Valley, giving us a line through the great agricultural coun- try of Mississippi ; of the Mississippi & Tennessee road, which, with the C. O. & S. W., connected our line between the Ohio River and New Orleans through Memphis. He spoke of the impulse given the road, beginning in the early nineties, by the spending of millions of dollars in double tracking, increasing terminal facilities, passing tracks, etc., buying more and better locomotives, additional cars, providing better organization and acquirement of the connecting lines pre- viously referred to. He said the road appeared to be traveling in a satisfactory way towards its destiny of being one of the great railroad systems of the country, but in 1910 it received a set back, resulting in a weakening in the organization and moral \ Such was the situation when Mr. Markham came with the Company in January. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 13 1911. Mr. Markham necessarily set out to build up the road and its organization according to his ideas and ideals and this he did with characteristic ability and energy and with a delightful attitude of courtesy and encouragement toward every employe. Then came the machinists' strike in 1911, and the floods, which were certainly occurrences calculated to try a man's soul. Mr. Bowes said : "I am not going to say that Mr. Markham did not have his hours of worry and appre- hension, but these situations did not cause him to falter. He just tightened his physical and mental belt and went forward with a courage that never weak- ened and a judgment never at fault. It is a monument to him, of which we all should be very proud, that he came through these troublous and mind-racking times with success and the flag of his administration still held aloft untouched without scar and without taint. These battles won, Mr. Markham had to re- build some more. How well he accomplished this we all know. I am sure we may be forgiven if we say that in our opinion we doubt if any other man could have done so well. We know that no other man could in the doing of it have so endeared himself to his employes and brought about the good fellowship and co-operation among the men of the Illinois Central. We have a right to, and we do, take pride in the honor that has been conferred upon him by the United States Railroad Administration, and while our prayers for his well-being fol- low him, at the same time we are praying just as strongly at home that the day will not be far distant when he will return to us and our road." In con- cluding Mr. Bowes sa 1- d it was not necessary to say to Mr. Markham that he had the best wishes of his officers. He knew that. Nor was it necessary to say that he would make a great success of his latest and most important activ- ity. "We know that, but what the Illinois Central officers do say is that they want him to come back to them just as soon as Uncle Sam will let him." "ACE OF ACES IN RAILROAD OPERATION." The Toast-Master introduced Vice-President Foley in a most happy vein. He said : "The head of the operating department occupies a commanding position on every railroad. He cannot escape responsibility for things that go wrong any more than he can be covered up and deprived of his just share of the credit for things that go right. Consequently, our operating vice-president has been, and is, principally the recipient of bouquets of flowers. He is a trump card, an Ace of Aces in railroad operation." Vice-President Foley spoke as follows: "Upon looking over the faces here this evening, I find there are no strangers. We are among a lot of good fellows, who are gathered together here tonight for a good cause. I can say for the 'good fellows' here tonight that they are a bunch that are striving to run a railroad that will be satisfactory to patrons, satis- factory to its owners, and satisfactory to the Government that is regulating its operation. "Any reference I may make to our most honored guest this evening will be based on what is actually due him. Many years ago there was taught us an adage reading : " 'If you think some praise is due him, Now is the time to give it to him, For he cannot read it on his tombstone when he is dead.' "Speaking for the employes in the operating department, we all think some praise is due Mr. Markham. We all think unstinted praise should be bestowed upon him for the organization that he perfected on the Illinois Central, a har- monious organization, one that he dealt with firmly, justly and considerately, and that organization appreciated and responded to the consideration shown it, and 14 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE gave him in return for his good treatment the best there was in it. The employes in the operating department most distinctly praise him because he always insisted on liberal expenditures on the track, bridges and buildings, and other prop- erty under the direction of the chief engineer and engineer maintenance of way. In many instances he insisted upon greater expenditures than it was possible for them to make ; therefore, he left that part of the property in most excellent con- dition. Very great praise is due him for the new locomotives, hundreds of them ; new cars, thousands of them, and new mechanical facilities all over the system, the providing of which showed great wisdom and foresight and understanding of the necessity for a transportation plant to be successful. However,, the greatest praise due Mr. Markham is because he displayed a sense of sympathy for the men who did the work. He was strong for eradicating the vicious and incom- petent, the disloyal and dishonest, but he believed in the retention of those who were honest and loyal, even though they occasionally made mistakes. "Mr. Markham believed in officials accepting responsibility befitting their positions, and, as I understood him, he believed that the officials should decide matters, should act even though they made occasional mistakes, his motto being, that it was preferable to face the certainty of occasional mistakes, rather than by a machine-like system destroy the sense of responsibility and check all induce- ments to economy. "This meeting tonight prompts us to look at this whole matter retrospectively, and in looking backward over it all, it recalls to our minds that we have lost Mr. Markham's leadersh p on the standard railroad of the south. When I refer to losing him, I realize that it is not where one comes from that counts, but where one is going, and the thing that counts is, that Mr. Markhm has been selected to be the regional director of the standard railroads of the east. "We have no fear for him because he will succeed, and we know that he will bring the eastern roads up to a very high standard, perhaps up to the Illinois Cen- tral standard. Our fear is that without his wise administraiton and advice we may have some difficulty in maintaining the Illinois Central standard, but I predict the staff officers and line officers and the rank and file will so well remember the lessons taught them, that they will be able to keep the Illinois Central going through the Government control of operations, so that it will go through known as the railroad that contributed largely in bringing up the weaker lines and of making them real assets rather than liabilities to the Government. "It is our sincere wish that each and everyone of those present here tonight will continue their railroad career through the period of Government control of the railroads, and lend their full support to making it a success, and, further let us hope that you will all be hereabouts when peace is restored and when the opera- tion of the railroads is turned back to their owners." SPEECH OF GENERAL SOLICITOR BLEWETT LEE. At the conclusion of Mr. Foley's speech, the Toast Master turned his eyes toward General Solicitor Blewett Lee and those present knew that a treat was in store for them. The Toast Master said : "We have with us tonight a gentleman whom we are always delighted to hear from on these occasions, a man whom we all love and respect, and who possesses to a marked degree the ability to play upon our heartstrings, to lead us into tears, or laughter, at will. I take very great pleas- ure in introducing General Solicitor Blewett Lee." Mr. Lee spoke as follows : "I appear before you in a corporate capacity, and I respectfully notify all present that pursuant to general orders any bill you may incur in protect- ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 15 ing yourself from this speech cannot be charged to operating expenses. De- murrage will be payable on all oratory exceeding ten minutes' free time. Anecdotes which might be regarded as highly meritorious and necessary, when viewed from the separate standpoint of a particular speaker, may not be equally meritorious or necessary under existing conditions. The con- struction of new stories, or branches or extensions of existing yarns shall not be entered upon without the Federal Manager's approval, and no new speeches or songs shall be ordered or constructed without the like approval. "Perhaps some of the older men here will recall a play by Steele Mackaye a good many years ago, called "Paul Kauvar." If so, they will remember that there was in it a scene where the hero dreams that his sweetheart is sent to the guillotine. You can see the guillotine on the stage, the c/owds of people all around, the carts full of victims coming up, the prisoner lashed to the plank by the executioner, the great knife suspended in the air, all ready to fall at a touch. It was enough to set a man seeing things at night. The other night I was seeing them. I saw all that I have described, and particularly a great big basket where the heads would fall after the knife descended. I had the greatest curiosity to see what was in that basket; it is only in dreams that a man can see his own head in a basket without any trouble at all. I did not want to walk right up to the basket so as to put notions in people's minds, but I kept edging up to it. I thought there might be a tag on it, "Reserved for Presidents and General Counsel" or something of that sort. When I got up pretty close, the executioner hailed me and said, "Are you trying to look into that basket?" I said, "Yes, I thought there might be some knitting in it, or something interesting; I just love baskets ; I collect them ; and I never buy a basket until I see how it looks inside." He said, "Aren't you one of Mr. Markham's people?" "Yes," I said, "He has been standing for me all this time." "Well," he said, "there is no use of your looking into that basket ;- 1 have been running it for six months, and have not seen any of his people in it yet." "The history of Mr. Markham's life has been shown on the screen much better than any description, so that I shall not again rehearse what all know so well, that wonderful record of rapid and great achievement. " I wonder if any of you ever read Wolfville Tales. I thmk there are three volumes of them which tell about the doings at a certain interesting Western town which may now be identified as Deming, N. M. Many of the char- acters in these books were well known to Mr. Markham, and he won his first considerable success as Agent for the Santa Fe at Deming. It is more in- teresting than any book to hear him tell of his early experiences in the extra- ordinary community that Deming then was. "He served as Agent at Fresno, Cal.. and he probably did more than any other man has ever done to revolutionize the loading of freight ears, while serving in that capacity. "For a time he was stationed at San Francisco, the bright particular jewel of the Southern Pacific System, but I never heard any tradition of him on the Barbary Coast. "Then he went to Texas, altogether the most distressful place a railroad man could be sent to ; that place where they eat 'em alive. Afterwards, as President of the Gulf Refining Company, I am told that Mr. Markham ex- erted a very refining influence on the State of Texas. "As Vice President of the Southern Pacific Company he was so successful that an oil company came along and gobbled him up. For a period of ^ seven years he was in the oil business at Pittsburgh, Pa., but he never lost his hair 16 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE by sitting in the front row, or made any changes in his family. I suppose after Reno, Pittsburgh was easy. "He came to the Illinois Central Railroad Company at a large personal sac- rifice because he loved the railroad work. The screen has already shown you much better than I can hope to do Mr. Markham's great services to the Illinois Central. When the President of the United States took control on December 28, 1917, he found the railroad splendidly equipped and in the highest state of efficiency. If the other railroads in the country had handled their traffic as well as the Illinois Central, there would have been no occasion for Federal control. While we claim Mr. Markham peculiarly for the Illinois Central, we must not forget his great services to the Central of Georgia and the Ocean Steamship Company, properties which were held in comparatively little esteem when he became President, but which have become among the most valuable assets of the Illinois Central system. There is one thing that I want to mention, however. Mr. Markham settled with the Park Com- missioners the intricate problem of the Lake Front lands. He secured for Chicago a location of the Field Museum down-town. Its marble walls will stand as a perpetual monument to his skill as a negotiator and his public spirit as a citizen. "In the account of Mr. Markham's services, it is my duty to tell you, how- ever, in the interest of historical accuracy, that it is not true, as commonly believed, that when our system suffered so much from the great floods on the Mississippi River, Mr. Markham went down to Dyersburg and rescued the Chicago, Memphis & Gulf with a fishing pole. The fact is that the Chi- cago, Memphis & Gulf was saved by getting tangled up with a trot-line. 'Now that we are all together, I am going to impart to you confidentially the secret of Mr. Markham's success. It is a marvelous thing for a man to enter railway service at the foot of the ladder, without any pull whatsoever, and make his way through every grade of the service to the very highest position. On a rough estimate, I would say that Mr. Markham has moved about thirty-five times since he entered railway service. I am making no charge to you for conveying the secret of his success. It is all in three words : He made good. If any of you would like to follow the same route, all you have to do is to make good to the same extent. "At one time in my life I was very near to Mr. Markham ; very near to him until he saw me. I hope he will not blush, when I tell you that physically he is one of the best men I ever saw. He has one of the biggest places for a heart that you ever saw, and it is filled up. If any of you have the idea that Mr. Markham would be a good man to play horse with, or towzle about, let me advise you on your own account to think of something else. He plays very fine golf and is a beautiful dancer. You will remember that at one time he -was in the oil business, and I am convinced that some of that oil soaked into his joints ; it is still there whenever he plays or when things are not going well on the road. He is a human dynamo ; he not only moves himself, but anything he is geared up with has to move too, and move fast. He has a very quiet and inconspicuous way of getting results that gives what camouflage artists call "low visibility." That same oil that I spoke of be- fore exudes from his personality and puts an end to friction wherever he goes. There is never any unnecessary trouble when he is about. If there is any necessary trouble, there is a great deal of it, and it does not last long. "Mr. Markham came to the Illinois Central Railroad Company without any string of followers ; he took the same men who had been here before, and he obtained these great results that I have been telling you about by using the human material which was already here. He gave the men his ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 17 confidence and trusted them; he found out what each man could do, and let him do it; he took the same old organization and made it a splendid new organization, because he put his own spirit into it, and when he leaves the Company, he leaves it with the affection and confidence, the loyal support and enthusiastic admiration of every man on the system. He has left a monument of steel, in a great railroad which he mastered and brought to the highest efficiency, and he has also left a monument of gold in the affec- tions of the rank and file, in the gratitude of every man with whom he had to do, from the lowest to the greatest. "Recently I heard something about Philadelphia, which has stolen Mr. Markham from us. There is a hotel in Cincinnati which is famous for the way it cooks snails. I was telling a Philadelphia man about these snails. He said, "We have snails in Philadelphia too, but we never eat them." "Why not?" I asked. "Because," he said, "we can't catch them." Before Mr. Markham has been in Philadelphia a month, every one of those snails will be sprinting along under a maximum load of traffic. "Naturally, on an occasion of this kind we feel sad to think that we are losing our chief, but it is not as if he were being shelved; instead he is really being told to come up higher. This is not a wake, this is a christening. It is when his brilliant services as the Regional Director of the Southeast have caused the Government to select him for the position of the greatest difficulty and danger in the whole railroad world. The Nation has taken the greatest traffic center in the world and put it into his hands and said : 'Look after this for me. Here are the munitions upon which the success of the war depends; here is the coal to keep alive the in- dustries of the Nation ; here is the food for my soldiers in France ; here is the material without which the ships cannot sail. You must see that these things move in due season, and if you fail, the cause of freedom will languish all the way from Venice to the North Sea. I am sending you to lead the forlorn hope of the railway world. Con- quer Pittsburgh for me and the lines will hold fast in France and Italy.' "Will he do it? If flesh and blood can do it, it will be done. Here is a man who never sought the easy thing, or the soft place. His back was built for great burdens, and when our country looked for her strongest man to bear her greatest burden in the railway world, this is the man she chose, and she chose well. "Mr. Markham's going to the Allegheny Region reminds me of an incident in one of the wars in India. There was an Irish regiment that had been right mutinous. You know an Irishman is born to command, and being ordered about is not his forte. This regiment had made so much trouble that the Colonel had taken away their colors. In the course of the campaign against one of the fierce tribes in the hills, the enemy were fortified at the top of a mountain. The whole summit glittered with guns and shining steel. The prospect of charging the hill was enough to blanch the bravest cheek. The Colonel came to the front of the regiment and said, "Your colors are at the top of that hill." Did the Irishmen take it? They would have taken Hell and hung the Devil over the edge of the Pit. Is Mr. Markham going to succeed in the Allegheny Region ? Well, he is an Irishman, isn't he ? "This occasion when he leaves us to take up his new responsibilities and enter upon the greatest adventure of his adventurous career, has reminded me of the time when Ulysses, the much experienced man, set sail upon his last great expedition, and I have turned to those lines in which Tennyson 18 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE describes the departure of the brave Greek. As Ulysses turns to his son, who is to take his place in Ithaca, he says : 'This is my son, mine own Telemachus, (That is Mr. Kittle) 'To whom I leave the sceptre and the isle (That means the Lake Front) 'Well-loved of me, discerning'to fulfil 'This labor, by slow prudence to make mild 'A rugged people, (That means the people of Chicago) and through soft degrees 'Subdue them to the useful and the good. (Some job, believe me!) 'There lies the port; (That's Philadelphia) the vessel puffs her sail : 'There gloom the dark, broad seas. My marines, 'Souls that have toiled and wrought and thought with me 'That ever with a frolic welcome took 'The thunder and the sunshine. (That is us, that is just our style) 'Come, my friends, ' 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world 'Push off, and sitting well in order smite 'The sounding furrows ; for my purpose holds 'To sail beyond the sunset, and the baths 'Of all the Western stars, until I -die. (You know some Western stars get a cold bath when they go East) 'It may be that the gulfs will wash us down ; (This must mean the Penn. R. R. which has been washing down some pretty good men lately) 'It may be that we shall touch the Happy Isles, (That's Washington) 'And see the great Achilles, whom we knew.' (The great Achilles is Mr. McAdoo, and if things don't go right in the Allegheny Region, Mr. Markham will see him sure.)" GENERAL SOLICITOR BURCH PAYS HIGH COMPLIMENT TO MR. MARKHAM. The Toast Master next called upon General Solicitor Burch, of The Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad. He spoke of Mr. Burch's great ability as a lawyer and fine qualities as a man and ventured the assertion that the legal affairs of no railroad in the country had been managed better than had the legal affairs of The Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad under the jurisdiction of Mr. Burch. The address of Mr. Burch was substantially as follows : "Mr. Chairman, Mr: Markham, and Gentlemen I include all of you, those who are employed by the Government, those who are employed by the Corpora- f tion and I include also those, if any, who in this time of rapid changes, may not be employed by either. I first give you a word of comfort my time is limited to five minutes, absolutely no more. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 19 ''I heartily concur in all the well-deserved tributes which have been paid the honored guest of the evening. However much has been said complimentary to Mr. Markham, enough has not yet been said. The speakers who have preceded me have said much, but they have not yet said enough in honor of our retiring President. This reminds me, if I may digress a moment, of an old negro preacher in Memphis, who has a unique method of conducting collections in his church. When the time for taking up the collection arrivs, he closes the windows and locks the door, and directs the stewards to take up the collection. The minister then counts the money and announces 'Brethren, you is done good, and you has done noble, but you ain't done enough. Take up another collection.' So I say that however many noble and good things have been said about Mr. Markham this evening, enough has not yet been said or can be said. "We have watched with interest the life history of Mr. Markham as it has been thrown on the screen tonight, and I am sure that his history has been correctly portrayed. State pride, however, compels me to add a few words to the biographical sketch which we have read on the screen. It was not stated where Mr. Markham was born. He was born in Clarksville, Tennessee, and we claim him as a Tennesseean. True, he left there when quite a child, being separated for many years from an older brother who had marched away from Clarksville with the late Senator Bailey and with Mr. Justice Lurton, and other young men of that city into the Confederate army. I knew this brother during the last years of his life, and while he had not attained the public prominence of the guest of this evening, yet he was a man held in respect and high esteem and possessed all of the qualities of a true and manly man. I mention this to let you know the Markhams are of good stock we, as Tennesseeans, are proud of them, and claim them as our own. "Mr. Markham came to this company when the company was sorely beset by many troubles. He came at a difficult time and under difficult conditions. It is unnecessary for me to repeat, for you well 'remember, with what apparent ease he took charge of the situation, and in what a short time everything was moving just as if the company had never had any trouble at all. Undoubtedly the manner in which the property was built up and strengthened attracted the attention of the Federal Government as the reason he has been taken from the Company to serve the Government and this governmental service, I know, he is rendering entirely from a sense of patriotism and duty. If personal in- clination had been consulted, I am sure he would have preferred to remain right here. "It has been said tonight that Mr. Markham was closer to the operating than any other department, and also that he was closer to the traffic department than any other department, but I want to say that the gentlemen are mistaken. He was closer to the law department than any other department. I have never known an executive who kept in as close touch with the affairs of the law department as did Mr. Markham. He not only kept himsetf informed of every- thing of importance in the law department, but he was extremely helpful to the law department. I have never known such unerring and infallible judgment of men and measures as Mr. Markham possessed. It was almost uncanny how correct his judgment turned out to be. Personally I feel under the greatest obligations to him. I feel deeply grateful for the uniform consideration and kindness with which he always treated me and for the help which he always so willingly gave in the many difficult matters in the law department. I may be pardoned for mentioning one instance. Reference has already been made this evening to a case in which a judgment of $100,000 was rendered against the Company. I had charge of and tried that case. You can well understand 20 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE that it was not an agreeable mission for me to report the loss of this case to Mr. Markham. I felt at the time that he would be entirely justified in saying that The Company has sustained a great loss. 'You handled this case and are responsible for it, and in view of your failure, your services will not be needed any longer.' Instead of saying anything of that kind to me, he very kindly said 'A law-suit is a battle one side must win and the other side must lose. I know that you have worked hard and faithfully on this case and have done your best. All I ask is that you keep on fighting. We will come out all right yet, as we know that we are right and the right will prevail.' He reminded me that he had lived a long time in Texas and knew well many of the famous Texas Rangers, and said that he believed in a Saying of one of these Rangers who had had many desperate encounters with the bad men of the west of an earlier day. This saying was, Tf you know you are right and keep a goin', no man can stand agin you.' Permit me to say that the kindness which Mr. Mark- ham showed to me on this trying occasion, or what was to me a very trying occa- sion, was an intensely greater gratification than the gratification which I later felt when an appellate court reversed the $100,000 judgment. This will illustrate to you the type of man under whom you have been serving. I could say much more, but my time is nearly exhausted. "Mr. Markham, I shall miss you more than I can say, I shall miss you more than you can possibly know. Your kindness and help to me will always be gratefully remembered. I feel that my life has been enriched and my energies stimulated by having known you. I shall attempt to carry on the work of my department according to the high ideals and principles which you have set for us. I speak not only for myself but for my associates. May God bless you in the great undertakings to which the Government has called you." JUDGE TRABUE SPEAKS. The next speaker was Judge Trabue, of the firm of Trabue, Doolan & Craw- ford, District Attorneys for the Illinois Central in the State of Kentucky. Judge Trabue spoke of the high quaFties of Mr. Markham and his successor, Federal Manager Kittle, and paid a compliment to all of the officers of the Illinois Cen- tral. He explained that very little had been left for him to say, because the ground had been so well covered by those who had preceded him. DISTINGUISHED GUESTS. At the conclusion of Judge Trabue's talk, the Toast Master announced that there were present some very distinguished guests, who had patiently listened to the Illinois Central family talk and he felt sure that they had been interested and that when they left the banquet hall that they would carry away with them pleas- ant thoughts of the Illinois Central official family, one of which would be that it was a very happy family, cemented together with bonds of friendship and sincere interest in each other. Regional Director Holden and Director of Operation Gray were both intro- duced and made deep impressions upon those present. They talked about the great part being played by the transportation machine in the war and how this fact was being impressed upon the country. Regional Director Holden has charge of the Illinois Central lines north of the Ohio river. It was a fine opportunity for him to see the men who will serve under him. They were delighted with him and what he had to say. The assertion is made here, without fear of successful con- tradiction, that the Illinois Central will measure up to Mr. Holden's expectations. Mr. Gray spoke of the heavy burden upon Mr. Markham as director of the ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 21 Allegheny region and predicted that his efforts would be crowned with success. He dwelt upon the great importance of the prompt handling of coal. He explained that coal was the very foundation of everything needed for the successful prose- cution of the war. Munitions could not be manufactured without coal. Ships could not be built without coal. Everything depended upon the prompt transpor- tation of coal, which had to come from the Allegheny region. Mr. Gray impressed all the officers of the Illinois Central as a big, brainy, broad-gaged patriot. The Toast Master had introduced him as a man who had for his territory the whole of the United States and as the most powerful railroad operating man in the world, directing from his office in Washington the operation of the railroads of this entire continent. Mr. Gray said that the Toast Master evidently had in mind, not him, but the Director General of Railroads, Mr. McAdoo, who was the most powerful railroad man in the world. He said he wished it were pos- sible for the officers of the Illinois Central to personally know Mr. McAdoo ; that it was a fortunate thing for the railroad men, and also for the country, that Mr. McAdoo had been placed in charge of the railroads, because undoubtedly he was, of all men, best fitted for the place. Mr. Gray said the men of the Illinois Central had a right to take great pride in the honor which had been conferred upon Mr. Markham by Mr. McAdoo. He explained that one of the things which had entered into Mr. Markham's selection had been the wonderful success he had achieved with the Illinois Central, and that the officers of the Company were entitled to share in the credit for that success and that they ought to feel that the honor conferred upon Mr. Mark- ham was also an honor conferred upon them. MR. MARKHAM'S ADDRESS. The hour had grown very late when the honored guest of the evening, Mr. Markham, was called upon. All eyes were upon him. All hearts were with him. He spoke feelingly of his high regard for the men of the Illinois Central and the support they had given him during his administration as the President of the Company. He mentioned the fact that during the seven years he had been at the head of the Company's affairs, that there had not been brought to the property, through his instrumentality, a single outside man. What had been accomplished on the Illinois Central had been accomplished by Illinois Central men. He spoke of the great strides made on the Illinois Central in the number of car miles per day and said that as Director of the Allegheny Region he was working along the same lines that he had worked on the Illinois Central. He was doing everything that he could do to move cars. He was trying to do, as well as he knew how, the part assigned to him by Mr. Gray, who, he said, was responsible for the position which he was occupying with the Railroad Admin- istration. Much had been said during the evening about Mr. Markham returning to the Illinois Central after the war. To all of that he replied that he had made no plans for the future. He was only concerned now with the job which he had in hand and which was occupying all of his thoughts. That Mr. Markham appreciated the compliment paid him by the officers of the Illinois Central System was most apparent. That they were devoted to him and felt that they owed him much permeated the very atmosphere that filled the room. . aded wilh candy, cigarelles, American magazines and newspapers soon came alongside anil afterit was seen a good trade had been established, tiey paid us visits twice daily during the week v.-e laid there. Several days later. Ihe Adriatic came in loaded down with the 1 4th Engineer; from Boston and the 17th Engineers from Atlanta and after her Ihe Carmama with the 12lh Engineers from St Louis. On July :!0lh thevarous companies of Ihe 131h selected crews and llial afternoon an exciting race was held in Ihe harbor Company F came in firsl with a comfortable lead over the Aviation crew, Company C getting Ihird money. Besides Ihe big bels they had made on them- selves, the winners also received subslanlial prizes lhal Ihe officers donated. Afler Ihis event, the officers staged another good race, Ihe Avialors winning, 13th officers, second, and Ihe Doclorslhird. July 3lsl was musterday and nolaman wa's absent. However, we knew payday was not to be until we reached England or France, as someone had neglected to put a paymaster oo board . August 1st Ihe Bermu lian came in wilh a boal load of negro stevedores and thai evening at 6:30 Ihe cruiser Orama slipped anchor and slarled oul of Ihe harbor, signalling Ihe trans- ports to follow her As \ c passed the British warships in the ouler harbor Iheir crews lined up and gave, us Ihree hcarly cheers and we returned them with great :nlhusiasm. It was raining hard when we cleared Halifax and jusl before Ihe last lighthouse was seen, the siren on the Ordunaemilled several wierd moans lo warn away a ship that was about to run into her. As we had been drilled lo march lo Ihe lifeboats at this signal, we all slarled for Ihe upper decks thinking lhal something serious happened, aid a few reached Ihem before Ihe slewards lold us there was no danger. With the exception of two slighlly slormy days when Ihe waves made our vessel roll ralher heavily and caused some seasickness, we enjoy- ed exceplionally fine wealher all Ihe way across. A jazz band under Ihe leadership of E. A. Creech was-one of Ihe enlerlaining features of the voyage and Ihere were also several very interesting boxing and wrestling matches staged on the main deck. One night in the first class saloon and the following night in the second class saloon, a good musical entertainment was given by certain members of the 13lh, Avialion section and several of lh English passengers, for the benefit of Ihe Liverpool Sailors' Or- phans Home, several hundred dollars being raised (or lhal institution. On August 9lh, Ihe lifeboats were swung out and we were ordered to wear our life bells at all times for the remainder of the voyage, as we were then entering the submarine /.one. All that day the submarine guards were will- ingly aided by hundreds who paced the decks and strained Iheir eyes for the sight of a peri- scope. That night, however, jusl afler sunset, faint flashes on the horizon dead ahead were seen and soon a half dozen or more liltle sub- marine chasers came dashing in on all sides, turned around wilh us and began Iheir vigil. Needless lo say, everyone fell greatly relieved and when it came lime lo lurn in, Ihe boys who before had been sleeping wilh all their clothes on, put their iruslin the deslroyers and wenl lo sleep completely disrobed. The nighl of Ihe 1 1th the coast of England came into view and about midnight we-camc lo Ihe head of the Mersey River but before reaching the harbor thu Orama, which was leading, suddenly turned right around and steamed out lo sea again al lull speed followed by (lie olher transporls. What the reason for this was no one knew, bul Hie next morning we found ourselves alongside the dock al Liverpool and all thoughts of past dangers were forgotlen in Ihe excitement of disembark- ing and selling fool on land once more. We had little time to get acquainted wilh the picturesque town of Liverpool, none 10 fact, for immediately after landing wo piled into the dinky lilllu English coaches and were on our way lo Ihe camp in Ihe south, reaving only a detach menluf wagoners behind lo convoy our freight At Birmingham we stopped fur lunch which was served by very courteous women of the Brilish Red Cross. On bolh sides of Ihe railroad from Liverpool lo Cordon, - we marvelled al Ihe beauty of England, her healhercovered lulls, green well-kepi fields, quaint bul clean little villages and the odd- looking houses with their red-Uled roofs and chimneys. This inspiring sighl of England was one of Ihe mosl pleasing features of our journey and one not lo be lorgolleu. Thai nighl (ISlh of Augusl) we arrived al Oxney Camp, Bofion, and were greatly pleased to find our friends of the 1st Ballalion Ihere on the platform lo meet us. Proceeded by a crack Canadian band, which played Yankee airs very well, we marched to camp several miles away and there were assigned lo squad tenls. Then we rejoined the members of Ihe I si Battalion to hear Iheir story. They had left Chicago Ihe 19lh of July and gone straight through lo Hoboken where Ihey ferried lo Ihe St. Louis, a speedy American liner. However, inslead of gelling oul right away they laid over a day and practically everyone in the oulfil had a six-hour pass lo visil New York. On Sunday, July 21sl, Ihe St. Louis sailed oul alone headed for Liverpool. (To be continued). 38 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE YOU TELL 'EM. By Ted Sullivan. It don't seem that il wonld do any good lo DAM Ihe irrigation of Sunny-funny France. o G. 0. " All cooks are exempted from rifle range practice " Some that we know ought lo be exempted from the other range loo. LOVE TERMS? She Nighly, Nighly. He Ninety-Ninety. .But Not Envious Don't it make you sorta homesick to seem them fellers drillin'? The best way lo theer up when. you're, blue is to try and cheer some other feller up and theo you'll both be cheered up Try it some- time, il works. Just think of the guy whocouldo'tcome. Oh it aint- so bad, it might be worse If you're wanted at the Y these days it's a inch you owe someone somelhin or the Cho- colate is on you. o o Eitracl from the " Stars and Stripes " something like this : " The best way to 'Keep The Home Fires Burning' is to write as often as you can " Is that where our letters go? Mr. Gar field! " Do you like music? " ' Jazz, Sir" If she writes and calls you a sweet tooth you just write back " Toot de suite " Here's lo lhat new fang-dangle gold chevron you're wearin' may you never have occasion lo wear any on the other arm What did she mean when she wrole " Your worth your weight in money " and we gel paid in paper?. O "Why is the weather in Krance like a Ford?" ' Because neither know what a perfecl Spring is like " '.' Why is this paper likeaGerman Allack?" " Because they both come in columns " Lifes Unsettled Conditions : The wealher in France, Our Address, And the Headgear question How quiet it must be in Russia after spending an evening in the barracks after pay day. THE " DUDS " On Wednesday night May Jtnd, the Windy City bunch had a great o4d lime with the " Duds" an amateur vaudeville outfit compos- ed of English ambutonce drivers of S. S. A. 19. This ouifit is camped al . . ., attached lo the French, having just come down from up th" line, where both the section and the men receiv- ed citations. The company was 'composed of a big blonde, four male singers and a pianist and included Messrs. Bendall, Oilman, King. Wiles, Wilmot and Wilson. The two biggesl hits were " Archibald " and Shall Us? -- Let's " and the big baby doll was the best-looking she- siren that has done any vampinng around here for heaucoup months. The ISlh men at are requested to tip the men of this section off whenever there is anything doing in the Windy City. MED. DEPT. Ted Sullivan - Editor. Members of the Medical Dept' are like a railroad lime table, " Subject lo change " News Hem: Epi Demic, of the famous family of De Sease has been a visitor in our midst Ihe pasl rnonlh introducing one of our relalives, " La Gnppe " " Ked " Himes is now on repose al " Walshington " and " Royal " Gately lakes his place al Deyoadump. " Slew '' Granl reported back at Regimental Hospital leaving behind broken hearts and china ware in the Officers Mess al " Stoupton " Robinson & Caruso spent their permission in those parls known to a great number of us only by name. Bob Morris longs to do a little Fox Trotting in the Bismark Gardens of Berlin and has this city lined up for a Chapter in the Loophounds Ass'n. As " Doc' " Seagrove would say " If it don't melt the glass, drink it ". Lieutenent " Smiley Jack " Tope and tribe of followers have taken up Summer quarters in the Bombv Hills of France. And Lieutenenl Smilh, with his " aid de camp " " Arlwa " are weakendingaf Wals- hington. While Capl. Clayton and Sgl. Frey are silting " e-c" (which means " pretty " in English) alH.Q. o Motto of the man on Detachment service, " Here today and gone tomorrow ". Co. C Pvt. V. Williams - Editor BUSEBHL GAIE AT " COONTOWN Sunday. Ma? 18th. SCORE Coontowo 12 Windy City 7. BATTERIES Coonlown : Baker Windy City French Doty , Barrett FEATURE: Horns run by" Home-run Baker" in the fifth UMPIRE Hamilton. Game called in seventh inning on ac- count of rain. Hard hitting cost us two balls. The detachment in the woods now bas regu- lar barber, manicurist, unexcelled stove-pipe bureau, the champion pan cake eater and a " Champion " for Cook. Further curiosities will be announced later. All invited for sum- mer vacation. Rales on request. There is a popular song current in the Stales oow. " Sometimes you gel a good one, and sometimes you Don't " The composer must have been thinking of a dozen eggs he bought somewhere in France. The recent parcel post law broughl relief lo several " Sammy Backers" who probably were wondering if Ihe Amexforce broughl anylbing along thai they needed at all. Our friend L. 0. rolkers has left Ihe rest camp for active service in - Dudleyville is still on the map for aspiring ball players, but that's no fault of our " Cousin Willie's" Alsie Holt has been deprived of the pleasure of piloting his boal around Ihe Coonlown yard lately, il not having rained for three days. All down, Beck Set 'em up in the other alley. Bill Bosch says he is going into the clothing business. 'Not that we want tolhrow any mud, but you'd belter leave lhat lo Ihe Jews, Bill. Schrack is still scratching away. Here's a few of his lalesl: Pay day lomorrow. Forty seven sacks of mail lomorrow We are all going to get ser- geant's pay. The war will be over by July 4th. Somebody give me a cigarette. ae '? Co. D Sergeant D. E. MC Millin Editor Company D has proven themselves capable of handling the new line and the last of the In French Engineers have departed leaving all responsibility lo Ibe Americans. Captain 'Sawlellc has named this new line the Puget Sound Extension in order to make Ihe Milwauk.ee boys feel al home and to bring out thai old railroad ability. It sure bas worked for three days after naming it, 2nd Lieut. F. H. Doud was recommended for a FitsSCommission. There is a chance that we may have lo change the name. The second day we were up here " Bill " drop- ped over a couple, some where up the line and every one ran out to see" Bump" go past. They all got a good fooling "Bump "has it on the world for speed. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 39 Lieut. Top* of the Medical Corp has again established himself at the Headquarters of the Extension We appreciate the sentiment ex- pressed in his close association with Company D since arriving in France and can assure him that our feelings are mutual. A tip to Detective Dillon- Keep your eye on Brennan and Costagnino as they are forming a " Ejlack Hand " society We are all glad to learn of John Cables reco- very after having the roof of his moulh badly sunburnt looking at the tall buildings coming through Chicago For the benefit of Ihe regiment we mention a few books which are soon to be published : " Switching " By Cavanaiigh. " " Who Will Marry Mary" by Armstrong. ' " Landscape Gardening " by Myers. ' " Passing the Buck" by Buck. The' Lonely Walch " by Liod. " " Pitching Horseshoes" by Hiltel and Me Millie. ' Ace of Aces and the Early Days of Aviation " by Mullin. Anxious Moments : When " Bill '" finds that Company D is on the Extension. When Big Brennan picks on Little Cable (6ft I). Russell, Me Mahon and Peters awaiting results. When Day .Yard Master Taylor meets Night Yard Master Bilhorn When Doud City on the Extension plays ball with Sawtellville Hdqts. Formula for figuring rank Two Wagoners make one Medic Two Medics make one Id Pvl The thing that would make a woman angry -- To lake her riding in a Ford that you drew for a nickel and then make her walk home The hardest thing the Top has to do To keep John Cable at work the day he gets a letter from Fork Ridge. Tenn. The most popular mnn on the Extension is Gonsalves the cook at Sawtellville. " Pink " Simms is at last located out at the Listenning Post. This has brought much hap- piness and relief to his predecessor. " Fiction. '" Based on experience. " Historical, Instructive and Fiction. DECORATION DAY 1918 IN FRANCE The sun rose on a deep blue sky banked with heavy snow white clouds. Its warm rays shoue down on gently waving green fields. red poppies, daisies and other wild (lowers, and woods thick with their verdant foliage. It seemed as if Nature tiad stored up all her beauty and glorious weather to give to us on the day we pay especial honor and respect to 'our dead. At ten o'clock in the Windy City a very appropriate ceremony was conducted by the Chaplain. Lieut. Cutler. First. Lieut. Col. Whiting made a brief address in which he alluded to Memorial Days of the past, the one at present and then paid a spendid tribute to those who had been laid to rest. After placing an American flag on the graves he directed Captains Horlon. Hagelbarger and Kennedy to proceed with the decoration and this was done with great wreaths of flowers which had been provided for the occasion. The Chaplain then led the assemblage in prayer after which the band played the, Star Spangled Banner. At the word of command the firing squad fired three volleys, the bugler blew " Taps " and the ceremony was concluded. With the assistance of the French authori- ties at Sloupton. a more elaborate ceremony was enacted at the large cemetery there. Cap- tain Stoup and Lieutenants Haberlaw and Deyo furnished the American flags and Madamoiselle DeDaye acd the nurses Irom the Hospital pro- vided the many beautiful floral decorations. In addition, the French Hospital authorities erected poles on either side the avenue leading to the cemetery, intertwining them with ever- green boughs, flowers and American and French flags. A large wreath of flowers was placed at the head of each American grave with three American flags and one flag at Ihe foot. A French clergyman conducted the religious exorcises alter which Capl. Sloup made an address. The French were represented by the Assistant Chief of Staff of the French Army, the medical staff of Ihe Hospital, inclu- ding Mademoiselle DeDaye and the nurses, Ihirty officers and fifty men. AH Americans who could get away attended the services with he three officers. In the afternoon a trac.k meet was staged a Windy City on the ball grounds with the fol- lowing results 75 Yard Dash ISO Yard Dash 300 Yard Relaj 1st, Telreau, Hqs. 2nd, llelle, Hqs. 3rd, Hall, Co. A. 1st. Tetreau, Hqs. 2nd, Hall, Co. A 3rd, Noe, Co. F 1st, Headquarters. 2nd, Yannigans 3rd, 2nd Prov Co !lsl, Ferguson, Co B. 2nd, Sid Smith, Co. A. 3rd, Pilkenton, Go. F. ( 1st, Strayer, Co. C. Running High Jump < 2nd, Pilkenton, Co. F. .( 3rd, Happ, Co. B 1st, Doty, Co. B Shot Pul I 2nd, Dunagan, Co. B. 3rd, Burge, Co. B. 1st, Strayer, Co. C. Hammer Throw \ 2nd, Rogers, Co. E. 3rd, Burge, Co. B. First prizes were 5 francs, seconds, 3 Irancs and thirds, 1 franc. After Ihe track meet, a double-header ball game was staged on the new diamond. Com- pany B team walloped the boys from Deyos- dump 8 to 4 and Tom Willis' nine beating the Frosty village outfit 4 to 3 in a five inning game. The winning teams each received a carton of Fatimas, from the Y. M. C. A. Co. E K C. Mackenzie - Editor Chef. Morris, devotes all his spare energy to his little truck farm near Washington. Com- pany E mess is expecting green onions on the menu next week Wagoners Tom King and Leon Slump, and Sadler Casey Jones, after polishing up their new chevrons, were the guests in a nearby village, " Somewhere In France " of Cooks Kiel A Ma- thews, who have now permanently located in Walshmglon, after disposing of their ' White Dairy Lunch " in Ihe Windy City. Want ads in the Windy Cily Echo always bring result*: Corporal Collins afler his strenuous duties on the road has taken charge of one of our impor- tant stations. His chief duties are answering those much looked'for Chicago letters. Our best regards to Sergeant Terpning, recently transferred to the Co. A 1st Divisional Operating Battalion A. E. F He was always a good E Company booster. Corporal 0. N. Holmbcrg, Company Clerk, offers one Sam Brown Belt for sale cheap, ac- count of having been purchased in the Slates before the heavy advance in leather goods Fred DeCoursm, alias Ihe Crown Prince, vete- ranCANW conductor, has recently taken charge of one of our mot important terminals. In addition to his station duties, which are very numerous, he has accepted the agency of Mme' Button Buster's Laundry. Rny Berghas requested transfer to the Norwe- gian Navy, account of there being no snuff issue in the Lucky 13th. The Lieut, refuses lo sign all orders for Copenhagen, from a neutral stand- point Georgie Cosligan, afler lenglhy a visit with friends and relatives, has resumed his studies in the Windy City Military Academy. His friend, Schaffer, who is financing his special course, was much astounded at the improvement in Georgie's appearance. John Josephus Duffy, a firm believer in the White Light lo the Farm Movement, may have heavy holdings in France before the fini de la guerre. Co. B Sgl H. R. Tinsman Editor. " Frisky " Ryan is a regular pupil in the morning class of physical torture. Sgl Detrick resigned his position as drill master as a result of Frozen feet and has reen- tered the railroad service. Can you imagine Sgt Mead otherwise than engaged in an argument on any old thing. " Risen from the Ranks or Gardener to Engineer " is Ihc name of the new book written by Long Dan Whelan. Little Dan Whalen, who owns stock in both the Petit and Standard Guage Roads is now located in the Windy City. Chief of Police Hamilton has received several good offers from the surrounding cities on. account of his splendid work here. 40 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE The Hon. Forrest C. Zody, authority on agricultural problems, has joined the army and expects to give up farm work until the war is over Company B's boys look well dressed since Sgt. Carl Tiedeman went on leave. Horseshoer Hill, the queen of" hoggers " and ball players, has been seen putting brake- shoes on our machine to keep in practice. Percy Johnston, since his appointment as Wagoner, has written, to his Sammy Backer for a little red wagon Time Any day Fourth trip to the Railway Exchange. Place Railway Exchange Co. B Supply Department. Girl Private Icl Ira W Garrett. Co. F Private E. A. Creech - Editor Wonders will never cease; we unearthed a second David Warfield in the person of Private ' Blackie " Wells, who entertained us at the " Y " the other evening, by impersonating a certain Mr Rosenstem calling up a carpenter to do some repairs, and Blarkie " had us all roaring, as he spoke excitedly through an ima- ginary telephone, let us hope, that we'll hear from him again soon. Anyone wishing to hear the latest frnra Nice call on Private Swenlzell. Private Pilkenton sadly bemoans the loss of his banjo fob, but assures us that he is some- what happier at present, because the drill field is claiming all of his attention. Bill Wright tells us that he's glad to be back in Windy City, but he flatly refuses to give us any information, as to what he was doing while away from us The Party who stole Jimmie Pyle's socks had better watch his step as Jimmie has set our blood-hound ' Pmard " on the scent, and the odds are with Pinard That song entitled " They are wild, simply wild 'over me " that is so popular back home would fit Sergeant Ferraer's case according to latest reports from Nice. Private " Red " Barnes says he's going ' after a record on the rifle range ; wonder which, misses or hits? , Master Engineer Smith is taking a special summer course on Italian people in whom he is deeply interested. A group of enterprising young people who call Nice their home, accosted Private J. W. Hubbard on the street one fair afternoon and ataggered him with the following question . " Ah, Monsieur, you are a Morrocoan soldier? " ADVERTISEMENT THE RIVERVIEW OF EUROPE. La Treizieme Amusement Park Company (not Inc ) SEASON NOW OPEN. Our " Scenic Railroad " Surpasses any of its kind in the world for Curves, inclines, declines and speed A Bump with every stop, a Stop with every bump " AFTERNOON DANCING. Latest Steps " Squads Right, Ho! Up-to-dnte Drills. Fox Trot " Dismissed 'Waltz " Double Quick Note" " Hesitation " Steps barreU. CAFE "COME-AND-GET-IT" Service Supreme " Stabarct Performances by worlds greatest Artists o( ' Knife Swallowing '' Patiomzed by all Dishes Famed throughout the A H F Specially prepaired Rici Our ColTce ' None like it we roast it ourselves ' Eat our There s a Limit Stew, and our ' Guess What" Pudding HIT THE BULLS EYE BOYS. Finest Natural Shooting Galleries in Europe. Special prizes tor those who fail A Reward for those who make good EXTRAORDINARY ATTRACTION. Well known "COOTIE CIRCUS" Come' See lor yoursell The Management Offer AT ENORMOUS EXPENSE and GREAT LABOR "THE UNDERWORLD OF FRANCE". Open at all hours Professor S Creech (Sousa's only living Rival) For all ours. THE HUMAN MUSIC BOX. Recital off and on Mostly Off For the convenience of our patrons " The Bngg " Restrooms for the tired and indisposed. Day and Night performances FAMOUS FRENCH AERIAL FETES. Accompanied by Barrage- Band and Company of Boche Avions. OPEN TO ALL SOLDIERS IN UNIFORM. HEADQUARTERS Sergeant J. P Casey Editor. Tetreau has returned from He is now Squad-Righting with the Provisional Company. Beck and Syl Warren were disturbed from their slumbers about 3.00 A. M. one morning recently. Kentucky Jim Hays told the guard that they were K. P.'s and had to be awakened at that hour. The departure of Colonel Kulz to another organization was nowhere more keenly fell than in Headquarters Company. It is a feeling somewhat akin to the loss of a member of one's immediate family. We know that his heart remains with the Cltli, no matter where he may be In the last month's issue, the name of Master Engineer Vincent was inadvertently omitted from the list of newly appointed Master Kngi- neers. Beg pardon. Have you had any of Lt. Warren's delicious spring sprums? Headquarters Company carried off high honors at' the Field Meet on Decoration Day. Lee Telreau was the individual star. He won both the 75 and 150 yard dashes. The Relay team, Tetreau, lletle, Casey and Smith, walked away with the race. We lake this means of extending congratula- tions to Lieutenants McKee and Turner, former members of Headquarters Company, who are now sporling Sam Brownes and multi-colored caps. Best wishes for coulinued success. Impnmerie speciale du W. C. E. Letter from a Former Employe of the Auditor of Passenger Receipts. Camp Fremont, May, 10, 1918. Mr. L. C. Esschen and Employes, Chicago, 111. Dear Friends: Have just enough time to let you know how I am getting along and how I enjoyed my trip. First of all, will start with my trip to Jefferson Barracks. We left Chicago at 8:45 Wednesday evening, arriving at the barracks at 10 o'clock Thursday morning. The trip was very tiresome as it took all of 13 hours to reach our destination, a distance of only 300 miles. Arriving at the barracks we were met by the com. officers, and being assembled into divisions, we were led to the registration barracks. After that, each one re- ceived two blankets ; then being assigned to our corporal we were marched to our tents, each tent containing ten cots. Just after receiving orders from the com- manding officer, the mess call for dinner was announced. The mess hall is a large one, accommodating 5,000 soldiers. After mess we were led to two freight cars loaded with tents, cots and straw, which were to be used by the men on their way here. The work was accomplished in a short time as there was about 1,000 of us. After unloading same we were dismissed for the day. The examination was to take place Thursday afternoon, but owing to some misarrangements in transportation, it was postponed for the following morning. Friday morning we were examined, vaccinated and inoculated. The examination was performed by some 20 doctors, each of whom had some part of the body to examine or test. After this, we were measured for uniforms and received same, together with all necessary clothing and articles to outfit a soldier. In all some 1,400 men were examined and outfitted here daily during the 1st of May and 6th of May, inc. We were informed that we would leave for Camp Fremont, Cal., the same evening, but again it was postponed, as the inspection officers did not ar- rive until early Sunday morning. The inspection of recruits took place Sunday morning and lasted until 2 o'clock in the afternoon. We were lined in ranks of about 100 in a row, with our bags containing our belongings placed in front of us. The officers, numbering about ten, walked between the ranks and inspected our uniforms and articles. Every button and every piece of clothing was care- fully examined before being allowed to leave the camp. In short, our uniforms had to fit us snug before entering our coaches. Jefferson Barracks are situated on the Mississippi river twelve miles south of St. Louis. The camp is very large as numerous constructions were added since war was declared. The camp is a park in itself, as the grounds are fully covered with grass and trees. Every pos- sible outdoor and indoor sport is well represented. A large ball park with grand stand, tennis, dancing and roller skating are some of the main features. Both the K. of C. and the Y. M. C. A. have entertainment halls here where soldiers can spend their spare evenings. We left the barracks Sunday afternoon at 2 :30 over the Mo. Pac. to Kansas City, Kans., connecting with the Santa Fe to Poker City, Cal., then over the So. Pac. to Camp Fremont. The trip took exactly four days. The scenery along the route was very picturesque, as well as instructive. We traveled in first class Pullmans and the best of treatment was accorded us. A first lieutenant with a few of his men from Camp Fremont handled our train and were very ac- commodating and pleasant. We were permitted to visit principal towns along the line to make purchases and hike around for exercise. The trip was a merry one all along the line; and could have traveled another four days very easily. Most 41 42 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE of the towns along the way had their "Liberty Bond Flag" and the people are very hospitable as well as patriotic. We arrived at this camp at 2 :30 Thursday afternoon. Being again assembled we were assigned to different companies of the 13th Infantry of the Regular Army. It is one of the oldest and best reg : ments, as all of the men have each served a term or more. They came to this camp from the Philippine Islands last August. Friday morning we were drilled for the first time, and the men are certainly good and kind to us all. Everything is shown and given us, and we are made to feel at home at all times. The meals served us cannot be beat, as this regiment has old time cooks and receives the same amount of food supplies as before the war. We sleep in big roomy tents, each containing six cots. All the latest and modern improvements were installed herer At present we are in quar- antine for about four days. We are only allowed among the tents of our com- pany, but not permitted to stroll from the company street, except when out on drill. This morning we were marched out to the field to see the men drill and dress parade. It is a pleasure to see this and a big number of people from sur- rounding towns have come here to witness it. A little more regarding Camp Fremont and will leave off, as I believe I am writing a little too much from the start. Nevertheless, I am owning up to my promise. Camp Fremont is located 30 miles south of San Francisco. It is surrounded by high h : lls, some reaching a height of four and five thousand feet. There are 18,000 soldiers here at present, representing a number of different branches in the army. Ever since I left home I seem to feel and like it better every day. The exer- cises and drills are very easy for me, as I was pretty well acquainted with them before I left home. We expect to be out of quarantine about Thursday and I am only coo anxious to climb some of the hills and visit Frsco, where I have a num- ber ot friends at Fort Winfield Scott. We are being trained with a very syste- matic method and expect to be "over there" within two or three months. Well, the sooner the better, as everybody is anxious to see it over with. Will close with the best of wishes to all and the best of luck to my followers. I remain, Yours as ever, Jos. J. Chalupsky. Co. M, 13th infantry. Camp Fremont, Cal. Louisville Shops Observe Flag Day The officers and employes of the Illinois Central railroad shops, Louisville, observed Flag Day, June 14, 1918, by carrying out the following program: 10 :15 A. M. Bugle Call and Rally to the Flag. Opening Address by the Chairman Mr. J. P. Wallace, Retired Painter Foreman. Raising Flag. Four Minute Address Mr. Owen R. Mann, Louisville. 10 :30 A. M. Patriotic Address Mr. Ben L. Bruner, Ex-Secretary of State, Kentucky. 11 :00 A. M. Closing Ceremonies. Dr. Bruner is an eloquent and forceful speaker and his address was delivered in a masterly way. It inspired zeal and energy and true patriotism. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 43 Attendance, 300 shop employes and citizens of the community. Committee on Arrangement: George Duckett, District Foreman. O. Reber, Roundhouse Foreman. J. R. Reid, Car Foreman. J. Sambrook, Carpenter. Fred Bader, Carpenter. Illinois Central Employes Honor Old Glory Pinckneyville, 111., May 3, 1918. Pinckneyville thrilled with patriotism Saturday, April 27, 1918, when Liberty Day was observed and the departure of forty-four Perry County boys were duly and appropriately noted. All business was suspended and the demonstra- tion was the largest ever held in this city. Crowds, great crowds, came early from far and near and stayed late to attend the exercises. One of the most pleasant and memorable features of the afternoon was a flag raising at the Illinois Central round house. Shortly after the noon hour a parade formed at the Court house and led by a local band marched to the scene of the railroad yards, where the crowd was so immense it resembled the World's fair. The ceremonies incident to the raising of the flag were touching and impressive. At the entrance of the round house a flat car, decorated with the national colors, served as a platform for the speakers, singers and flag bearers. W. S. Wilson of Pinckneyville, a former superintendent of the St. Louis division in the Cairo Short Line days, and was also connected with the Illinois Central in the same capacity for some time, was master of ceremonies. George Clark, who is better known as "Daddy," and who has served the company faithfully as watchman for many years, made the opening prayer, after which an ap- propriate address was made by Rev. Anderson, followed by Rev. Schafer. At the close of each address the band rendered music fitting the occasion. Amid strains of patriotic airs the flag was raised by Miss Genevieve Clergy, a valuable employe in Supervisors Sutliff and Jones' office, and when Old Glory unfurled to the breezes, a salute was given and the entire gathering sang "The Star Spangled Banner," with band accompaniment. Henry Heisler, foreman of the round house is entitled to a special feather in his cap for his efforts in obtaining the funds for the flag, his labor in erect- ing the pole and the decorations. The flag is a beauty, 10 x 18, and while the intrinsic value is little, its symbolic principles are immeasurable. It was pur- chased by the round house force, train crews and attaches of the depot. Every morning "Our Flag" is hoisted on its 60 foot pole and can be seen for some distance, and when the dawn has turned to gray, and "Heine's labor ceases, the flag is lowered. After me program at the shops the entire assemblage marched to the Court House where the boys were tendered a farewell ere they departed for the training camp at Camp Dix, New Jersey. Thos. Byars, a popular member of the freight department was one of the bunch. Tommy is a fine younsr man and that's the reason Uncle Sam wanted him. The employes on the St. Louis Division have been given an opportunity to buy a Liberty Bond. Superintendent Atwell, and his efficient assistants have worked earnestly all over the division and as a fruit of their labors $175.000 worth of bonds have been sold. The Illinois Central families living in Pinck- nevville responded to the President's letter nobly and did their "bit" gladly on Liberty Day. Marie Eaton, Deputy County Gerk. DEPARTMENT Jefferson County Fiscal Court, Jefferson County, Louisville, Kentucky Mr. P. Glynn, Louisville, Ky., June 5, 1918. Road Master, Illinois Central R. R. Dear M.r. Glynn : Your letter of the 1st inst, received and glad to know that you have repaired the road crossings as requested in my letter to you. Wish to thank you for doing this work and am sure that you not only did a favor to Jefferson County but also pleased the people who use these crossings as I have heard a good many favorable comments as to the excellent way in which you did this work. I have had occasion to ride over one of these cross- ings myself and can verify the statements that they are the best in Jefferson County. Again thanking you, I am, Very truly yours, H. B. CASSIN, Assistant County Engineer. The Highest Reinforced Chimney in the World 570 Feet High by 26 Feet 3 Inches Inside Top Diameter By H. Filippi, Assistant Engineer General A MONG the most prominent feat- ^ ures in every community, and that by which the industrial activities are most easily distinguished, are power chimneys. To the layman, a chimney is simply a structure of considerable height, and is given but little consideration, but when the proportions assume such magnitude as to be monumental, the structure becomes one of common in- terest to all. The chimney about to be described, shown completed in Figure 1, was built in conjunction with a laree cop- per smelting plant, for the Kuhara Kogyo, Kaisha, (Kuhara Copper Mining Co.) at Saganoseki, Japan, in 1916. Sa- ganoseki is a small seaport town lo- cated on the north coast of the island of Kiushiu, approximately 800 miles southwest of Tokyo and 18 miles from the nearest railroad point. The Kuhara Company, rme of the largest and wealthiest in Japan, owns and operate^ several large copper properties and smelters in the northern part of the empire, and the new plant was built for the purpose of develop- ing the local property and also several large copper deposits in southern Korea, just previously acquired. In order to handle the Korean ore, the harbor was dredged to accommodate 44 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE ocean going vessels and large dock and bunker facilities were provided for the storage of the ore. A general view of the giant in course of construction is shown in Figure 2. This photo also shows very clearly the volcanic origin of the surrounding country, which is typical of the entire Japanese empire. Copper smelter gas has been found to be very destructive to vegetation and in order to overcome this difficulty a site was chosen on the highest eleva- tion in close proximity to the plant, which was found at an elevation of 412 feet above sea level. At this eleva- tion, the top of the chimney is 982 feet above the sea, at which altitude it was considered that the gases will be ren- dered ineffective by dilution with the air before striking any part of the sur- rounding country. The hill on which the chimney is lo- cated, which is of schist rock forma- tion, has a contour roughly conical in shape. In order to provide a suitable bearing and allow sufficient space for construction operations, the top was leveled off to a diameter of approxi- mately 150 feet and the excavation carried down to a depth of 17 feet be- low the newly leveled surface. All ex- cavation was done by hand and all waste material carried away in baskets and dumped down the side of the hill. Figure 3 shows the concrete founda- , tion in course of construction. The reader will note the use of poles for scaffolding. This pole construction, which is universally used throughout Japan for all types of building opera- tions is not nailed together but is held in place by small pieces of rice rope at each intersection. This arrangement, if properly constructed, is surprisingly strong and offers the advantage of no wastage in lumber, as the poles can be used repeatedly without damage. For the construction of the chimney sha^t. however, a modern form of scaffolding was used which will be de- scribed later. It has been previously mentioned that the entire Japanese empire is of volcanic origin and it will be perti- nent at this time to state the reasons why a reinforced concrete design was adopted. Japan is a country almost daily vis- ited by earthquakes. In certain parts of the empire, notably in the Tokyo district, mild shocks occur at an aver- age frequency of twice a week through- out the year, altho the writer has ex- perienced as many as three in a single day. Under these conditions a brick chimney was out of the ques- tion, lacking as it does the property of resisting tension. It is admitted that a brick chimney might be built which would stand safely but its cost would be entirely out of reason with the bal- ance of the project. The writer ob- served a few small brick chimneys in Japan, but all had, without exception, been tied together horizontally and vertically with steel bands and rods to resist the earthquake stresses. It is easily conceivable that no such method of strengthening could be used safrlv or economically for a chimney 570 feet high. A steel chimney, while it possesses the necessary strength and stability, was not advisable on account of close proximity to the sea. Salt air induces rapid corrosion in steel, therefore none but minor steel chimnevs are generally used at locations which are close to salt water. The Kuhara Comnany, having experienced some difficulty from this cause with small steel chim- neys at another property, refused to admit this type of construction for bids. A reinforced concrete chimney is cheaper, lighter and stronger than one of brick and possesses all the qualities necessary for permanence and strength. In this type of construction can be found all the good qualitits of brick and steel with all the bad quali- ties eliminated. Pronerly designed and constructed reinforced concrete represents the most durable construc- tion of all types and especially lieht- ness and strength, both in compression and tension, so vital in a structure de- ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 47 signed to resist earthquake stresses, and it is for this reason that a rein- forced concrete design was adopted. Design The seismic record of Japan, which is probably the most complete in the world on account of the frequency of earthquakes, shows during the last half century there have occurred in Japan three disturbances of unusual magni- tude, viz: the River Kiso earthquake in 1891 which produced an accellera- tion of 4200 millimeters per second, the Mt Aso eruption in 1900 of 3300 millimeters, and that at Gifu in 1890, of 3000 millimeters. All of these des- troyed a vast amount of property and claimed thousands of lives. No structure, using ordinary allow- able unit stresses can be built to meet these extreme conditions except at a very high cost. It was therefore nec- essary to examine carefully all the available seismic records and to de- termine the probable maximum aver- age acceleration to be expected. This was finally placed at 1200 millimeters per second, but it will be pointed out that the average intensity of earth' quakes is considerably less, ordinarily ranging from 200 to 500 millimeters per second. As the chimney was de- sinned with a factor of safety of four, it is evident that an earthquake of ex- treme intensity must obtain before the chimnev is likelv to suffer destruction, in which event the entire plant will un- doubtedly be destroved. Mt. Aso, previouslv mentioned, *is located only sixty miles away. It is notable for having the largest vol- canic crater in the world, twelve miles wide and fifteen miles long. Ordinar- ily this volcano produces shocks of onlv minor intensity, but on account of its bad behavior in the past was especially considered. A study was made to determine the weighted intensity-direction path of previous major tremors and it was found that the chimney site does not lie in a direct path. It is a definitely established seismological law that earthquakes originating inland, travel. in the general direction of the sea and in general follow the softer soil forma- tions. As the geological formation of that section of the country lying be- tween the volcano and the chimney site is of hard rock, it is quite unlikely that the chimney will ever be the victim of a quake of sufficient intensity to destroy it. In addition to earthquakes, the chim- ney was designed to withstand ty- phoons, so common in the Far East. The Imperial Observatory, near Suke- gawa, has recorded one with a velocity of 187 miles per hour at which point the wind demolished the instrument. There are reasons to believe, however, that certain typhoons have reached a velocity of over 200 miles per hour, al- though no actual records are available. It was not necessary, however, to design for both an earthquake and a typhoon acting simultaneously, owing to the fact that a period of compara- tive calm always precedes a quake of major intensity and in fact serves as a warning of the impending tremor. The shaft of the chimney was not built with straight tapered sides, as is usual, but in a set of chords follow- ing a specially developed curve. The wall thickness was made 7 inches at the top of the chimney and 4Q 1 A inches at the bottom. The inside diameter at the top is 26 feet 3 inches and the out- side diameter at the bottom is 42 feet 6 inches. The wall thickness varies fairly uniformly and according to the requirements of the particular section in question, in other words the thick- ness of the wall is not changed by steps. The foundation, which is 95 feet in diameter and 17 feet thick, was slight- ly hollowed out in the center in order to effect a saving in material and pro- duce a lighter design. In addition to the usual horizontal nets of reinforc- ing bars, the foundation which is of the strictly reinforced concrete tvpe, was reinforced with vertical stirrups for shear. Figure 4 shows the foundation about 50 per cent completed with the first 48 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE run of vertical bars in place and the space provided for smoke opening. This picture also shows the circular track which was built for handling and distributing the concrete. To protect the outer wall of the chimney against the heat action of the gas.es, an inner reinforced concrete lin- ing 150 feet high was built On ac- count of the heavy percentage of sul- phur in copper smelters gas, a deposit is generally formed on the inner sur- face of the flue and chimney which ig- nite periodically. It was expected that this sulphur deposit would ignite three or four times every twenty-four hours and -burn for a period of about five minutes. This has been borne out by actual experience during the past year but as the chimney was adequately re- inforced to take care of these unusual lief, dry sulphurous gas is not destruc- tive to concrete and only becomes so when allowed to absorb moisture from the air or otherwise, thereby setting up a mild form of sulphuric acid. The writer conducted a series of experi- ments while' in Japan which proved this fact beyond a doubt. By carry- ing down the acid proof coatings for the distances mentioned above, it is felt that all possibility of any destruc- tive combination of the atmospheric moisture and the gas has been entire- ly eliminated. The coating on the outside was pro- vided to protect the outer surface of the chimney against what is common- ly known as "overlapping of the smoke." This tendency of the smoke to travel down the outside for a ^hort distance from the top is noticeable in temperature stresses, no damage has resulted. The chimney is connected with the plant proper by means of a reinforced concrete flue, nearly 1500 feet long, the flue opening in the chimney being 20 feet wide by 31H feet high. Figure 5 shows the opening completed. At the time this picture was taken the chimney was only 55 feet high and an idea of its unusual size may be had by comparison with the height of men standing on the buttress. As a protection against the corrosive action of the gases, a special acid proof material was applied to the shaft for a distance of 150 feet down from the top on the inside and 50 feet on the outside. Contrary to the usual be- nearly all chimneys, especially during periods of high humidity. The chimney was protected against lightning with the usual arrangement of lightning rods and points, modified however by placing a secondary set of points approximately 150 feet below the top. The lightning rod cables were attached to the outside of the chimney and carried down to the ground line, and then continued down the side of the hill and attached to ground plates located in permanently moist soil. Construction One of the first problems met was the transportation of materials from the smelter site to the top of the hill. The Mining Company was bound by contract to furnish all materials laid ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 49 down at the site of work and until the completion of the foundation, ma- terials of all kinds were carried up the hill in baskets or in half barrels slung between two poles carried on the shoulders by two men or women. It is hard for the occidental to pic- ture this crude means of transporta- tion. Men, women and children were employed for this work and received the pitiful sum of 4 sen (2 cents) per load of gravel or sand. Cement, sand, gravel, steel and timber were all brought up in this manner and it was indeed a common sight to see a small boy or girl ten to twelve years old, staggering up the hill under load. When one realizes that the path rose at an angle of approximately 30 de- grees and was over 1000 feet in length, the real drudgery becomes apparent. The mining company was finally in- duced to put in a cable way using sus- pended buckets and wire cable, and all material required for the scaffold- ing, shaft, and lining (except rein- forcing steel, all of which was brought up on human backs) was brought up on the cableway. This cableway can be seen in Figure 2. After experiencing considerable dif- ficulty, sawed lumber of suitable size and quality was obtained for the scaf- folding of the shaft. This scaffolding was 12 feet square and was placed inside of the chimney. The vertical posts consisted of four 6x6 inch posts for the first 350 feet and the balance of four 4x4 inch posts. The scaffold- ing was carried up in advance of the concreting generally 50 feet and was securely braced on all four sides with horizontal 2x6 inch collars form- ing panels 5 feet high and double 2x6 inch cross-bracing extending vertical- ly over two panels. The working platform was support- ed on eight sets of brackets bolted to the posts. In order to facilitate the progress of building the scaffold and raising the working platform from one level to another, every piece of lumber was drilled to a template with holes accurately spaced so that each piece when bolted, fitted into its proper place. Safety platforms were provided every 50 feet as the work progressed with the idea of limiting the height of fall. It was of course realized that if no safety platforms were provided a fall would mean certain death, yet it must be admitted that a fall of only 50 feet offered a much higher degree of safety. In spite the fact that totally in- experienced labor was used exclusively during the whole job, not a single fall or injury of any kind occurred. The scaffold as built required a total of 39,750 board feet of lumber. It was estimated that if the pole con- struction previously mentioned had been used, approximately a half a mil- lion feet of lumber would have been required. This is because such a con- struction must necessarily be built on the outside and would have been sub- ject to the action of high winds, neces- sitating unusually heavy bracing on account of the extreme height of the structure. The concrete mixer was placed inside of the chimney, directly opposite the smoke opening, and is shown in Fig- ure 6. The concrete was hoisted to the working level by means of a 50 horsepower electric hoist which operat- ed two buckets of 5 cubic feet capacity each. The scaffolding was divided into two parts and provided with suit- able guides for the operation of buck- ets previously mentioned. The sheave beams were carried on top of the scaf- folding, well in advance of concreting and the movement of the buckets was regulated by an electric signal system connected with the hoist house, which rang a bell automatically as the mixer was raised after dumping. The con- crete was distributed into the forms by means of four swing chutes located just above the level of the working platform. Construction was carried on twenty-four hours a day, the work being illuminated at night by means of electric lights. This article would not be complete without a brief description of the Japa"- 50 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE nese laborer, or "coolie" as they are commonly called. The coolie has many traits in common with our southern negro, such as general slowness, good humor, fondness for pleasure and a faculty for dodging heavy work. On the other hand, a coolie will not sub- mit to che least abuse and is quick to use a knife or some other even more subtle means of revenge. Treated kind- ly, yet with firmness, they soon be- come faithful and devoted employees. In Japan, what is commonly known as the "labor master" system is prac- ticed. In every community there is a "master" who must be appealed to for men of all vocations, the agreement being based on a stipulated price for each man per day. It is notable, how- ever, that these "masters" usually pocket at least one-half of the agreed price and as a result are generally the wealthiest and most influential men of the community. These "masters" act as a sort of father to the men whose la- bor they control, supporting the fami- lies in times of sickness or disaster, and even during such times as the worker may be imprisoned for crime. Of course any money so expended is charged against the man. No labor unions exist in Japan, the common working day being twelve hours, for which the munificent wage of from 10 cents to 30 cents is paid. During the day there are three periods of rest one during the middle of the morning called, "smoke time" one at noon for dinner, and one during the afternoon called, "tea time." This practice is religiously observed and is considered an inherent industrial right, as the writer quickly discovered when an attempt was made to discourage the practice. Sunday is not observed, the only days of rest during the year being the Emperor's birthday and certain relig- ious feast days. In conclusion it will be stated that all reinforcing steel required for the construction of the smelter and chim- ney was imported from the United States as American steel was found to be actually cheaper on account of su- perior strength and quality. The ce- ment used was a Japanese product made at Moji by the Mitsui Company and proved to be entirely satisfactory. Sand and gravel were obtainable in unlimited quantities on adjacent beaches along the sea shore and were broueht to the dock on small scows, and thence by cableway to the chimney site. The construction of the chimney re- quired 5800 cubic yards of concrete and 836,000 pounds of reinforcing steel, a quantity sufficient to build seventv- five ordinary chimneys 125 feet high. The contract was executed by the Weber Chimney Company and the de- sign prepared by and carried out under the direction of the writer as Chief Eneineer. Work was started and completed during the year 1916. At the time of its construction this chimney was the highest in the world. | However, during the current year a brick chimney one foot higher, but five feet smaller in diameter, has been completed in Tacoma, Washington. The Tacoma chimney, however, was designed only for wind stresses, based on a wind velocity of 125 miles per hour, which admitted of a much lighter and less complicated design. Never- theless, it is gratifying to know that the credit for the highest chimney in the world has come back to America. Illinois Central Seed Corn Campaign By H. J. Schwieter;, Agricultural Agent "Corn is King !" "The King is dead !" These are expressions that might have been heard throughout the corn belt in the fall of 1917, after ihe corn had been severely frosted, and in many instances entirely ruined by frost; followed by the question, "How about seed corn for 1918; seed corn that is sure to grow?" Next in importance to good, fertile land and a well prepared seed bed, is good seed; seed that will grow; seed that will germinate; seed that shows strong vitality; seed, the corn from which will mature before the fall frosts of 1918 appear. When upon investigation it developed that the seed corn shortage in the state of Illinois for the year 1918 amounted to approximately 400,000 bushels, or an average of 3,922 bushels per county, the Development Bureau started a systematic seed corn campaign throughout the ter- ritory traversed by our line in that state. The necessity for a campaign of this kind is apparent when we remember that the United States produces two-thirds of the world's corn crop ; that this year, above all years, we should produce a bumper crop in order that we may feed ourselves and our allies, prosecute the war to a successful conclusion and feed the fami?hed peoples of the world. These objectives could not be reached with poor seed. Our first aim, therefore, was to lo- cate all the available seed corn grown within the state of Illinois and as far north as possible so as to limit the risks in maturing a crop. This was done by means of printed cards, asking pertinent questions, such as "How many bush- els of seed corn have you?" "Have you enough for your own use?" "What va- rieties have you?" "Have you any for sale?" "Have you tested your seed corn?" Thousands of these cards were distributed among the farmers through the medium of the public schools. As a result of these activities we lo- cated enough good seed corn to plant approximately 384,000 acres, which at an average yield of thirty bushels per acre, would be 11,520,000 bushels, or a money value of about $17,000,000. Tn addition to this, it was discovered that 1,211 farmers had no seed corn at all, while 1,800 farmers had sufficient seed for their own use only. Many thousand farmers answered our last question "Have you tested your seed corn ?" by saying, "It does not need testing." "My seed corn is always good." "My corn matured early." "My seed corn looks all right," or "I do not believe in the rag doll method." These were the farmers upon whom we cen- tered our seed con howitzers, bom- barding them with seed corn shrapnel 51 52 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE until in most instances we drove them from their trenches, causing them to sur- render and enlist under the banner of King Corn, with "Test, Don't Guess" as their slogan. To accomplish this the Development Bureau made single ear tests of samples furnished by the farm- ers and owners of seed corn, which cov- ered about one-half of the seed corn located. The results obtained ranged from zero to 96 per cent. Three-fourths of the samples tested showed a germina- tion of less than 75 per cent, and many farmers who had intended to plant their corn without testing, but were persuaded to do so by us, found their corn would not germinate. To market the above 11,520,000 bush- els of corn, it would require 8,064 freight cars of 80,000 pounds capacity, or 161 trains of 50 cars each. When we stop to consider that our corn crop has a greater money value annually than any other crop produced in the United States, being more than $1,500,000,000, or nearly enough money to build six Panama Canals, we can ap- preciate the importance of a seed corn campaign such as was conducted by the Development Bureau this spring. Public Schools, Providence Ky. APPOINTMiENTS AND PROMO- TIONS Effective June 7, 1918, Mr. Ira L. Anderson is appointed Trainmaster of the Cherokee, Sioux Falls and Onawa Districts, with office at Cherokee, vrce Mr. William E. Ausman. resigned to enter Military service. Traveling Engineer B. J. Feeney enters the service of Fuel Conservation Section, United States Railroad Ad- ministration. Passenger Traffic Department Little Talks with the Rambler of Interest to the Service A Family Affair ' I ^ HE Rambler was. or had been, in trouble and I had just learned of if, having been out of town about ten days. On my return I was told that he had been laid up at home with a dislocated toe, and on my first even- ing after my return I, of course, went over to see him. "How did it happen, old man?" was one of my first ques- tions, whereat, dodging the direct re- ply, he laughed and said, "I think I will tell you a story that I heard in my boyhood when living in the East. Our home there was in a large, old fashioned seaport town, whose physical aspect was a jumble of crooked streets with houses perched more or less at all angles on the top of rocky ledges. The house where we lived was on one of those ledges, through which ledge for some six or eight feet in depth a street had been cut; the approach to our front door being up a considerable flight of steps from it. Hence in" the vernacular of the town, which was of- ten very picturesque rmd illuminating, the street was called 'Rockaway ;' thus describing the fact that it had been made by blasting the rocks away. At the time the blasting had been started, however, that kind of enterprise was more slow and difficult than such oper- ations are at present, so this street had been done by piecemeal. Starting from the bottom of a hill it had been first made about half way of its ulti- mate length, stopping at its connection with a short street running at right angles to it. The result was that for several years the ledge at this junc- tion presented a sheer face of about eight feet, down which a flight .of steps were built in order to open to pedestrians what ultimately became the so-named 'Rockaway Street.' Near the end of these steps there was a church on the cross street mentioned, and its pastor lived at the time of the incident I have in mind in the house that we occupied later and which was but a few rods from the upper end of the steps. That pastor was very much of an eccentric in fact, he later achieved a national reputation on ac- count of his real ability combined with his eccentricities. One Sunday on his 53 54 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE way to church he fell down those steps, but not being hurt in any way he proceeded to his pulpit and preached extemporaneously from the text, 'Let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall.' " "I suppose the application of that to my inquiry as to how you are and how it happened will come in due time," I remarked with a smile, "but I hope you will not make it too long in coming." "I am all right but my feet," was the semi-humorous reply. "They lately seem to have a habit of mixing things up for me at times. It was only two or three years ago, you will remember, that I sprained my ankle on the landing down stairs by stepping on a piece of soap ; but to be more specific, this is my .last day of confinement in my apartments. I have not been very badly off, although I dislocated a toe in a mild sort of way ; it was easily set in place by the doctor as soon as he got at it, but laid me up comfortably here in my rooms for the past ten days while it was knitting into shape again. I have been able to do more or less office work that was brought to me, and as everything helps, my accident may have been a blessing in disguise, for I have had a constant stream of visitors. Didn't know I had so many friends. I expect Bill and Slim over very shortly." "Heavens, man ! but you are slow in getting at HOW it happened; what are you, trying to tease me, knowing my curiosity?" "I've been saving the joke part of it for the last, wherein, incidentally, you will find the application of my parson story. Just hand me my pipe and tobacco jar, will you, and take a cigar for yourself from the box there." Care- fully loading and lighting his pipe he continued : "After all, there is not much to tell. A week ago Sunday I took a hike with Bill out into the country, in the course of which we came to a huge white elm tree that had been laid prostrate on the ground by a cyclone. After Bill had taken pictures of this tree to his heart's content, we climbed up on its long trunk and sat there for a rest and chat. Now it so happened that not being as wise as Bill, owing to my lack of experience in country hiking, I foolishly wore that day a new pair of shoes ; much to Bill's dis- gust, who pointed with pride to the old easies that he wore and gave me quite a dissertation on the attention that is given in the army to the care of the feet. While we were sitting on the tree, we making a long rest of it, one of my feet began to burn and to relieve it I took off my shoe and placed it beside me. Our rest came to rather a sudden conclusion by the making of a high jump on the part of Bill from off the tree trunk onto the ground. His action was unexpected on my part, but not to be outdone I followed him with a like jump ; entirely forgetting for the moment that one of my shoes was off. I did not make the jump clean, and on reaching the ground was obliged to make an involuntary step or two to recover my balance, in doing which I ran into a nearby projecting limb. Of course the foot with the shoe off had to be the one that struck the limb, and one of my toes became dislo- cated in the contract. With Bill's aid I got home without much trouble ; and, as I have told you, the aftermath has not been serious. But I'm tired of reading and lying around, and even the little office work that I have been able to do at home here will be handled with more zest when I get back tomor- row. I wish I had Bill's faculty for enjoying reading a book more than once. I have exhausted my private library and the current magazines have palled on me. Here's Bill now!" he added as I admitted that individual to the room. "Sit down, Bill, and tell us how it is that you can read the same book over and over and still find enjoyment in it." Bill was thoughtful for a moment and then said slowly, as he helped himself to a cigar from the box on the table and began to light it. "Do you know, that is a question I have asked myself at times? I have an answer for it satisfactory to myself, and I would like ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 55 to talk with you some time about it, but as I think to answer you now will start something- in the way of a discussion, I would like to postpone it for some other time. Incidentally, however, I might say that possibly the same mental attitude that gives me enjoyment in making pictures with my kodak applies to my repeated reading of the same book. In the meantime I have something I would like to ask you." "You know that our streets are full of soldiers and jackies; that we are put up on our toes, as the saying is, almost daily by the latter's recruiting band as it marches through the streets with its appealing banners and its in- spiriting music. You also know that almost daily we see 'selected' men brought to our station to be embarked for some camp, and occasionally we have a consignment of Jackies enroute for somewhere in the East. One gets used, I suppose, to almost everything, and while all that I have mentioned un- doubtedly aids unconsciously in stir- ring our patriot'sm, we have gotten past the stage of excitement in such matters. However, the other morning, as I was crossing the Avenue, I saw approaching a group of some hundred and fifty 'selected men' evidently bound for the station. They, of course, were in their citizens' clothes and carried grips or bundles ; many of their friends were walking with or near them, most- ly women, with here and there a baby carried in arms. This particular lot came unheralded, unlike most of such groups that come to us almost daily. Some of the latter are accompanied by bands, the most of them at least by a single drum, but these had nothing of the kind. They were marching quietly and stoically along in charge evidently of someone in connection with the draft board and were an average lot, many of them clearly being of foreign extrac- tion. I watched their general bearing and faces as they passed, for they were as yet far from being soldiers. Before they had gotton by I heard shouting in the other direction on the Avenue and soon saw approach a string of busses loaded with Jackies. Those inside the busses were leaning out of the windows and shouting and laughing joyously, as were those loaded on the roof. They too were about to entrain, but unlike the selected men, having had their ex- perience at a training station, were as well set-up a group of men as you would want to see; and what was more, they were apparently full of pep and good spirits. This last in marked contrast with the marchers coming in the oppo- site direction, who as a whole were more or less serious. Now what I want to ask you. Rambler, is this," "Don't ask me anything about it," broke in the Rambler. "I know what you have in nr'nd, and it opens up too wide and deep a tram of thought for discussion in my present mood. Just let me get even with you for ignoring my question a few minutes ago by saying that at some other time I would be glad to talk of the psychological difference between those two groups of men. But honest, Bill, I don't feel like beinsf serious to- night. I wonder where Slim is? He was conr'ng up and I bet he will bring with him some new experience at his ticket window that will be worth hear- ing and get us started in lighter vein. I am so happy this evening at the term of my imprisonment being over in the morning that if need be I would rather be silly than serious. I believe there the boy is now!" he exclaimed, as he hobbled from his chair to the door in answer to the bell which had just rung. It was Slim,, his face wreathed in smiles and h's arms full of bundles. "Come in, come in, Slim," was the hearty greeting, "but what on earth are you loaded down with on this hot night?" "Well," laughed the young- ster, "I am glad you acknowledge it to be a hot night, for that accounts for these bundles. You know, as I passed the apothecary's on the corner below here, it struck me that maybe a little re- freshment woud not go amiss with who- 56 ever .might be here; for of course," he added, "I didn't expect to find you alone, I knew Bill was coming anyway. Then it struck me that as you have been housed for ten days perhaps some of those cooling drinks that maybe you are in the habit of dodging in and get- ting as you flit around town at noon time or in the evening, might be wel- come. Anyway, I was hot and thirsty myself and so just reckoned I would bring up some root beer and some ice cream." He deposited a brick of the latter and three bottles of the former on the table; remarking, as he careful- ly unloaded himself of the root beer, that he had seen it just taken off the ice. This little idea of Slim's seemed to ap- peal to the Rambler, and. his house- keeper being out, he hobbled to the side- board and from these began to arrange tumblers on the dining room table. In the meantime Bill came to his aid by going to the china closet and bringing out plates for the ice cream while Slim gathered spoons together from the drawer in the sideboard which the Ram- bler indicated by a nod of the head. When all was ready SI'm, who had found a bottle' opener in the drawer, began uncorking the beverage while the rest seated themselves about the table. The Rambler had just begun to serve the ice cream when an idea seemed to strike him, for he said to me : "By the way, old man, go in to the pantry there, will you, and see if you can't raise some cake. If I remember rightly I had some for my supper tonight ; and," he added gleefully, "come to think of it, it was beautifully frosted over with chocolate and had some kind of filling it it. Ah, Bill, how do you think something of that 'kind would go with this ?" "Fine," was the answer, followed by a joyous outburst as I brought in a fresh layer cake from which but a single wedge had been taken. "Gee!" laughed the Ram- bler, "some spread, isn't it, boys? I don't know, though," he added reflec- tively as his eye glanced over the table with a humorously critical air, "whether Delmonico's chef would quite approve of our combination root beer, straw- berry ice cream and chocolate layer cake. However, I guess Slim, if you will go get the box of cigars and put them in the center here, we will call it a go." He was bubbling over with merriment as he finished serving the ice cream, we having first drank a glass of the beer ; and, as we started to eat our ice cream, we helped ourselves in turn to cake. The whole idea seemed to tickle the Rambler immensely, and we chatted and laughed until the eating was finished; after which, on lighting our cigars, the Rambler settled back in his chair and said, "Now, Slim, tell us what adventure, or adventures you have had if any at that ticket window today. I was telling these fellow just before you came in that I would bet something would happen that would amuse us, how about it?" "Well, yes, something did happen, yesterday and today. It was this way. Yesterday afternoon during a lull in business two ladies came up and asked for two tickets and two lower berths to on the 8 :55 p. m. train. Then the following conversation ensued : 'The train has been changed to 7 :20 p. m. Madam, I can give you two lowers on that train.' ' 'Why no, we went to - last year and the train left at 8 :55 p. m.' 'True, last year the train did leave 'at 8:55, but it has been changed and now leaves at 7 :20 p. m.' "They bought the tickets and berths, but I could see clearly as they left the window they thought all the time that I was mistaken. I was not surprised, therefore, when this morning the pair of them came to my window again want- ing to fight at the drop of the hat. They opened up on me by saying, 'Young man, you certainly put us in a nice mess ! That train left at 7:20 last Anight and you told us it left at 8 :55 p. m. I in- tend to have you fired at once. Now, what do you want to do, give us another berth, or shall we take it to $\e court?' " 'Lady,' I replied, 'look at your ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 57 sleeping car ticket and you will see that I marked it 7 :20 p. m. in heavy black marks ; that shows, does it not, that 1 knew that the train left at the correct time? I am afraid you asked someone else, and that they got the train you should have taken confused with our train to which does leave at 8:55.' " 'Young man, don't talk to me that way, I am a lady with some sense, and I know what you told me. I am going to report you. Surely your future means something to you here, and if you value it you will give us other tickets for tonight.' " He stopped in his narrative with a lurking smile in the corners of his mouth and as it did not seem as he were going to continue, the Ramber said, "Well, what did you do then?" "Oh," was the laugh- ing response. "I simply remarked, 'Go ahead, lady, I have been up pretty high and back down again ; I guess I can stand being reported in this instance.' But I arranged a Pullman service for the night for them and after receiving the money for it walked away from the window, as she still continued to roast me." The incident seemed toi throw the Rambler into a reminiscent mood, for as he drew a vacant chair toward him on which to rest his lame foot, lie re- marked: "That reminds me of a case some years ago where a ticket seller that T knew had a run-in with one of those smart Aleck fellows who never thinks it necessary to await his turn, and who bustles about in public places as though when he showed up every- body should wait until he gets through. This agent one morning was ticketing a train that was soon due and was hav- ing all he could do to handle the crowd that was lined up in front of his win- dow. For the most part those in the line were patient and courteous while awaiting their turn. The exception was a Smart Aleck of a fellow who was somewhat down the line. Every once in a while he would holler at the agent, 'How is No. 5, is it on time?' He very prop- erly received no answer as long as the agent was engrossed with others ahead of him. When his turn came, however, instead of making his wants known as to a ticket or asking in a decent manner as to whether No. 5 was on time, he opened up savagely on the agent with the remark, 'I have asked you four times if No. 5 is on time and you have had the impudence to pay no attention to my inquiry. What do you mean by such conduct?' 'No. 5 is on time. I can wait efficiently on but one at a time in selling the correct tickets and making change,' was the firm but polite answer. ' Do you wish a ticket?' 'I will report you to Jackson !' he snapped as he moved out of the line. Jackson was the Station Agent, and the ticket seller was one of his several clerks, but it de- veloped later that the impetuous man did not know Jackson at all, or at least Jackson did not know him and received no complaint in the matter." "The fellow must have been a brother to one that I saw and overheard at a ticket window once," I hastened to re- mark ; unconsciously pleased, I expect, at being able to talk a little railroad along traffic lines in such company. It will be remembered that my own special work was not in line with the experi- ences that the rest of those present could be reminiscent about. "I was in - some years ago," I said, "which is con- siderable of a country city and is a junc- tion of several railroads. Three of these roads had small city ticket offices in the heart of the town, and I suppose it was natural that the agents of each should be on more or less friendly terms with each other when it did not interefere with competition. At least, this last I was told was the fact by the agent in one of those city offices, in which I was arrang- ing for sleeping car accommodations to continue the journey I then had in hand. As the agent was handing me my sleep- ing car ticket a man bustled in and with- out waiting to see if the agent was fin- ished with me, he said, 'Can I get a lower for tonight?' The agent politely answered, T think so,' and reached out his hand for the telephone 58 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE which stood nearby as if to make some inquiry in the matter. But he quickly withdrew the outstretched hand on the man's breaking out angrily 'I didn't ask you what you thought, what I want is do you know?' 'Well,' was the qu ; et response, is not on our line. You will find the telephone directory over there and you can call up the office of the X railroad and find out definitely.' " 'I was going to telephone over there myself and find out for him/ he added in an aside to me as the man angrily turned his back and started for the telephone." "There are a lot of fellows like him in the world' said the Rambler; "but great Scott!" he burst out laughing as his eyes rested on the cake plate. "I wonder how long my housekeeper was depending on that particular loaf to keep this household going in the way of des- sert? Might as well finish it up Slim and Bill, there is just a hunk apiece left for you." They hilariously accepted the invitation, and then it having grown late in the evening Bill laughingly re- marked, "havir^ cleaned the Rambler out of his eatables, isn't it time for us to either make a get-away or to sit in a little game of Rhummy?" Possibly it is not required of me to state which al- ternative prevailed. Notes of Interest to the Service Mr. W. D. Scott, Superintendent of Immi- gration, Government of the Dominion of Canada, has issued, says the American Ex- press Travel Bulletin, the following import- ant and authoritative advice on the Canadian Regulations Governing Travel from the United States to Canada during the war : 1. Bona fide travelers, American citizens or citizens or subjects of allied or neutral coun- tries are assured of courteous treatment and are welcome to enter and leave Canada with- out difficulty. 2. Passports are not required by either males or females. 3. Subjects of countries with which Canada is at war may not enter Canada for any pur- pose whatsoever. 4. Persons born in enemy countries who claim naturalization in the United States or in some other allied or neutral country must carry naturalization papers or statutory dec- laration endorsed by a British Consul in the United States. 5. Persons of evident enemy origin who claim to have been born in the United States or in some other allied or neutral country should carry birth certificate or statutory declaration endorsed by a British Consul in the United States. 6. Persons not ordinarily resident within Canada but who enter Canada on a visit or for some other temporary purpose do not re- quire a permit to leave, but, with the object of avoiding a lengthv examination on leaving Canada, such travelers may secure from the Canadian Immigration Inspector when and where they enter Canada a non-residence ca<"d. wMch. when t^e traveler leaves Canada, will faciltate exit. The only persons who re- quire a permit to leave Canada are males be- tween 18 and 45, ordinarily resident within Canada, hence only males between 18 and 45 should ask for the non-residing card. Before males of the Military Draft ages are permitted to leave the United States, it is necessary they obtain a permit from a duly qualified agent of the United States Govern- ment. As the draft and competing industries have attracted all but three of its engineers, fire- men, brakemen and trackmen, the Mount Washington cog-railway will not operate this summer, according to the announcement of the Boston & Maine Railroad Company. Since the Summer of 1869 the Mount Washington cog-railway has made the pre- mier peak of the White Hills a show moun- tain for tourists from every State in the Union. While the cog-road was not an heroic way to attain the peak it brought thousands of visitors to the summit whence they could view the landscape, which has a circumference of nearly 1,000 miles and takes in parts of five States and a sweep of the Province of Quebec. Regardless of the discontinuance of the cog-road, there will be a watchman on the summit to look after the water supply for the new hotel. Of course no true hill climber ever as- cended by the cog-road, but the experience was a joy to those who did not possess hill- climbing proclivities. The quaint train of cars moved up very slowlv, as became a rail- road which was built by sections in consecu- tive years one-quarter mile in 1866, three- quarters in 1867, one mile, to the top of Jacob's ladder, in 1868, and the home stretch the following: vear. In 1876 the management reported : "We have now run the road seven years, and have not as yet injured a single ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 59 person nor damaged the property to the value of a cent." But the road has paid no dividends, although the round trip cost $4.00. The train's speed can be easily calculated from the running time of one and a half hours for two and three-sixteenths miles from Ammonoosuc station to the top. While it will be a regret to periodical vis- itors to Mount Washington to omit their ride up the cog-railway, the trails will still call. It is doubtful if there is a more glorious promenade in the States than the easy Craw- ford Trail affords. American Express Travel Bulletin. Sergeant H. B. Stratton, of Base Hospital Unit No. 12, writes to a friend from "over there" in part as follows : The Germans are now driving in that part of the country where I spent three months and already have one of the cities I was stationed at. It was then pretty well shot up with hardly a build- ing that was not damaged by shell fire, and I can well imagine how it must look now after they have gone through it a second time. For one I am mighty glad I am not there now. We got out of there just when they had began to shell the town and that was plenty hot enough for me. About two weeks ago we had a track meet here given by the Machine Gun Base, and this Unit with but six entries took home the bacon out of a field of 425 entries. That's going some, isn't it? * * * * We are getting a num- ber of the wounded down here, so when I say "active" I mean it. * * * * Another stripe was added to my arm the first of last month when I was made a Sergeant First Class. This pays $66 per month, which is not too bad. This, together with my two service bars (gold braid), makes me look like a French general when I get dressed up. The following Big Four Route changes in time and train service became effective in and out of Chicago on June 30th : No. 34, formerly leaving Chicago at 9 :00 p. m., and No. 43, formerly leaving Cincinnati 9 :05 p. m. and arriving at Chicago 7:10 a. m., have both been discontinued. No. 35, formerly leaving Cincinnati at 11:55 p. m.. leaves at 11 :00 r>. m. and arrives at Chicago 7 :47 a. m. No. 46. formerly leaving Chicago at 11 :55 p. m., leaves at 11 :05 p. m. for Cin- cinnati. New daily excent Sunday train No. 5 leaves Lafayette 6:15 a. m. and connects at Kankakee with Illinois Central train No. 4, arriving at Chicago 10:45 a. m. New daily train No. 4, for Lafayette, connects at Kan- kakee with Illinois Central No. 25 leaving Chicago at 4 :50 p. m. Nos. 5 and 4 connect in Kankakee at Illinois Central station. bers on the Indiana Division have been made as follows : Train 201 leaves Peoria 7:15 a. m. instead of at 7:30 a. m., and arrives Mattoon 12:15 p. m. Train 203 leaves Peoria 5 :20 p. m. instead of at 5 :45 p. m. and arrives Mattoon 10:15 p. m. the same as before. Train 204 leaves South Pekin 11:03 a. m., Pekin 11:18 a. m. and arrives Peoria 11 :40 a. m. instead of at 11 :45 a. m. Train 205 leaves Newton 8 :40 a. m. and Boos at 8 :53 a. m. Train 224 makes few minutes earlier departure from stations Coles to Turpin, inclusive, and from Bearsdale to Narita, inclusive. It arrives Peoria 6 :45 p. m. instead of at 6 :30 p. m. Train 301 stops at Lis at 12 :24 p. m. Trains 303 and 304 have had their numbers changed to 309 and 310, respectively. Train 302 has been changed to number 324 and makes few minutes earlier departure from stations Tulip to Mt. Perry, inclusive. The "Southland" trains 206 and 207 of the Pa. Lines West of Pittsburgh between Chi- cago and Cincinnati have been annulled and the sleeping cars and cars between Chicago and Jacksonville, Fla., have been taken off. Hence the one night train between Chicago and Cincinnati by that line is the one leaving Chicago at 9:20 p. m., it carrying sleeping cars Chicago to Cincinnati and for Dayton and Springfield, Ohio. In this connection the Louisville & Nash- ville advises that owing to the discontinu- ance of the "Southland" north of Cincinnati their Nos. 32 and 33 no longer run from and to the Pennsylvania station in Cincinnati, but use the Central Union Station only. Since the issuance of Illinois Central Northern & Western Lines folder No. 2 earlier departures and changes in train num- The Chicago-Harrisburg, 111., sleeping car formerly operated via the Big Four to Sheff, New York Central from Sheff to Danville and thence Big Four to Harrisburg is now handled in New York Central No. 112-13 from Chicago to Danville and thence Big Four, leaving Chicago 4 :55 p. m. daily ex- cent Sunday. As there is no dining car on this train passengers should be advised _ to procure the evening meal before boarding train at Chicago, as otherwise it will be necessary to wait until arriving at Danville at 8:55 p. m. The Munson Steamship Line announces that it is its intention to maintain passenger service between New York and Antilla, Cuba, although no schedule will be published and sailings will be subiect to delay or cancel- lation. For information in regard to res- ervations, sailing dates and Government re- quirements communication should be made with its General Office, 82 Beaver St., New York city. Recent changes on the Missouri Pacific in- clude the following: Former trains Nos. 10 and 15 between St. Louis and Kansas City 60 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE have been discontinued west of Jefferson City. They are now operated between St. Louis and Jefferson City as Nos. 45 and 46 ; No. 45 leaving St. Louis at 6 :45 p. m. Present Kansas City trains leave St. Louis as follows: No. 11, daily, at 9:00 a. m. ; No. 15, daily, at 10 :10 p. m. Changes on the C. I. & W. took place on June 30th, by which No. 35, leaving Chicago at 11 :40 p. m., was discontinued as a through train to Cincinnati. It operates as a C. I. & L. train to Indianapolis only. No. 37, formerly leaving Chicago at 9 :20 a. m. for Cincinnati has been discontinued between Chicago and Indianapolis. No. 33 is still operated on same schedule Chicago to Cin- cinnati, leaving Chicago at 12 :00 noon. Under the new arrangement ordered by Director McAdoo for the curtailment of transcontinental passenger schedules from Chicago west, the Santa Fe will be the prin- cipal road carrying passenger traffic from Chicago to Los Angeles, the Chicago and Northwestern, Union Pacific and Southern Pacific to San Francisco, the Burlington and Northern Pacific to Portland. Oregon, and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul to Seattle. The Hudson River Day Line advises that the following service, now in effect, will be maintained until October llth. Boats leave daily from Albany 8 :30 a. m., arrive New York 5 :45 p. m. ; from New York 9 :00 a, m., arrive Albany 6 :30 p. m. We have been advised that the Yellowstone National Park hotels will not open this sea- son, but that the Yellowstone Park Camping Company will operate its camps as usual, and the Yellowstone Park Transportation Com- pany will operate the automobile transpor- tation through the park. Damon Runyon writes as follows in the Chicago Herald and Examiner of July 5th under the title of "Ballad of the Brake Beams :" I'm roostin' here like a Shantycleer on a rod the size o' a match, With an open view on either side, an' a box car floor fer a thatch. An' I hope the shack don't find me, for me face is all he could punch. As I'm beatin' me old friend Vanderbilt an' eatin' his ballast fer lunch. Oh, the ground slips by like a river, An' me nerves are all a-quiver Fer I've bin out on a sort o' a bat, an' the rail-joints sing to me: "John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn!" Yep, I'm stickin' here like a sort o' a leech, an' the iron is cold as hate, While the wind slides t'rough me see-more pants in a fashion that's sad to state. Still, it isn't as bad as a passenger deck, wit' a spark to light me clothes An' I'm goin' somewhere, I don't know where, wherever this freight train goes. But the ground bobs up so crazy That me mind is somewhat hazy An' I'm hearin' the rail-joints sing a song I never have heard before : "John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn!" So I'm roostin' here cut off from death about the length o' a hair ; At least I've heard that it's dangerous here, but death is cheaper'n fare. For 1 usually has to hustle along wit' a busted statue behind An' any old'place will hold me now from the deck to the rods an' the blind. Oh, the ground slips by so easy, An' me perch is a trifle breezy I reckon I must be gittin' old when the rail- joints sing to me: "John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn! The world is filled with woe. I follow fast, from first to last Wherever you may go. John Barleycorn! John Barleycorn! I ride the rods o' sin You pay my rates to ride the freights, An' I will always win!" Who is it has the roughest job, The hardest road to hoe; The Engineman who guides the train, Through rain and sleet and snow, The vigilant conductor, who Sits in a red caboose, The brakeman watching out on top, That couples and cuts loose. The train dispatcher at the key, Alert for all details, Both day and night it's up to him, To get trains o'er the rails. The superintendent at the head; Trainmaster hustling hard, The switchman, or the busy man, In charge of a big yard. The man within a busy shop, The blunt of burden bears, The man who, after a "mixup," Attends to the repairs. The supervisor with the gangs, A foreman at each head, They tramp the ties and watch the spikes, Lest loosened rails may spread. The engineer, head of these men, Who reigns supreme as boss, He has these bridges on his mind, That all the trains must cross. The man, who with the grimy face Works on the coaling tracks, ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 61 Hands out the lumps of dusky food, That feeds the camelbacks. Where is the man prepared to say, Which bears the greatest load, 'Mong all the jobs upon the list, Of any great railroad. There's not a man on earth can tell, Which path's the roughest through, Each job's the hardest as it's judged, From each man's point of view. A. W. M. in Erie Magazine. tion station came home to lunch, grinning broadly to himself. Heywood Brown tells in the "A. E. F., With Pershing's Army in France," the story of the American soldier who got lost at night and drove his four mule team into No Man's Land. Another soldier out in a listening post jumped up and waved _both hands to warn the straggler back. The man with the mule team asked what was wrong The watcher mumbled: "You're going right toward the German lines. For God's sake turn around and go back and don't speak above a whisper?" "Whisper hell!" rejoined the lost man. "I gotta turn four mules around!" Another soldier who had to feed the mules was grumbling because one was sick. He administered a pill every six hours. He said: "It'll be fine, won't it, when somebody asks me: 'Daddy, what did you do in the great war?' and I say: 'Oh, I sat up with a sick mule.' " Trains were always slow and far between on the branch road. Nobody knew this better than the people at the junction ex- cept perhaps those on the branch itself. It was an old story to them, and the jokes about the situation were many and good. One day the newsdealer at the junc- " What's the joke?" asked his wife, "You look pretty well pleased with yourself." "Oh, nothing particular,' he replied, "ex- cepting an old fellow from the end of the line said a funny thing. "He missed his train, and there wasn't another for two hours. He came to the counter to buy some reading matter. He asked for a joke book, and I said I didn't keep them. Then he pawed over the stock and finally said. 'Well, I guess I'll take a time table instead.' " Erie Magazine. John Smith had worked for the railroad forty odd years, and decided to quit. The company, in consideration of his long and faithful service, arranged to give him a monetary recognition. The foreman of the shop, a son of the Emerald Isle and an extra good mechanic, was asked to present it. He was advised to use a little senti- ment in making the presentation speech, and this is the way he did it: "John, ye's work'd for the road over forty years?" "Yes." "Ye's are going 1 to quit?" "Yes." "Well! They are so damn glad of it that they asked me to hand ye this hundred dollars." Clipped. Old Lady I should like a ticket for the train. Ticket Agent (who thinks he will make a joke) Yes'm; will you go in the pas- senger train or in the cattle train? Lady Well, if you are a specimen of what I shall find in the passenger train, give me a ticket for the cattle train, by all means. Western Weighing and Inspection Bureau 1822 Transportation Building. Circular No. 230. Chicago, June 10th, 1918. The following article appeared in the St. Joseph Gazette, dated St. Joseph, Mo., May 7th, 1918: "Philip Kelley was sentenced to four years in the penitentiary yesterday in Judge Utz's division of the Circuit Court, after he had pleaded guilty to a charge of stealing twelve cans of tobacco from a freight car several weeks ago." This news item is re-issued as a matter of information and indicates the ten- dency of the courts to assess heavy penalties for offenses of this kind. Respectfully, Western Weighing & Inspection Bureau, F. J. Hoffman, Ass't Superintendent. A. S. Dodge, Superintendent. FROM THE LAW DEPARTMENT Biographical Sketch No. 36 HON. J. M. DICKINSON, General Solicitor and General Counsel, Illinois Central Railway Company, 1899-1909 LJON JACOB McGAVOCK DICKINSON was born at Columbus, Mississippi, Jan- * uary 30, 1851, son of Henry Dickinson, whose ancestor of the same name came from England to Virginia in 1654. Henry Dickinson was a lawyer of eminence at the 62 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 63 Mississippi Bar, chancellor for many years, presidential elector, also one of the com- missioners to Delaware for conference on secession. Judge Dickinson's mother was Anna McGavock, eldest daughter of Jacob McGavock and Louisa McGavock, who re- sided at Nashville, Tennessee. Louisa McGavock was the daughter of Felix Grundy, an eminent lawyer and statesman of his day, senator of the United States from Ten- nessee, and Attorney-General of the United States in the cabinet of Van Buren. Judge Dickinson passed his childhood at Columbus. At the early age of 14, just before the close of the Civil War, he volunteered in the Confederate service and was under the command of Gen. Ruggles. At the close of the war he became a resident of Nashville, where he resided until November, 1899, when he went to Chicago. His education was acquired at private schools in Columbus, Miss.; the public schools of Nashville, Montgomery Bell Academy, there; University of Nashville, of which at the time Gen. E. Kirby Smith was chancellor. Judge Dickinson there took the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1871 and Master of Arts in 1872. At this time for a year he was assistant professor of Latin in the University, and during the same period took a night course in physiology and anatomy at the Medical Department of the same institution. In the fall of 1872 he entered the Columbia Law School at New York City and studied under that learned and accomplished lawyer and famous teacher, Theodore Dwight, taking both junior and senior courses. Not satisfied with the very considerable advantages of a liberal education, after traveling extensively in Europe during the summer of 1873, he matriculated at the University of Leipsic in the follow- ing October for the purpose of studying German and taking a course in Roman law and political economy, which he there pursued. The next year he went to Paris and there took a course of lectures on literature in the Sorbonne and in the Civil Law in L'ecole du Droit. In the fall of 1874 he was admitted to practice at the Bar of Nash- ville. He was in extensive practice there until 1890, when he was especially appointed by the governor to serve upon the superme bench of his state. He was appointed at various times in this capacity for several years. So acceptable was his public service in this high position, both to the Bar and to the people, that when Judge Horace H. Lurton, then chief justice of that court, resigned to accept an appointment as Circuit Judge of the United States for the Sixth Judicial Circuit, Governor Turney tendered to Judge Dickinson, March 23, 1892, an appointment to a seat upon the supreme bench of the state. Judge Dickinson did not take this position, but continued practice at Nash- ville until February 6, 1895, when he was commissioned Assistant Attorney-General of the United States. He served in this important position with marked distinction and ability to the end of Mr. Cleveland's term, first with Richard Olney, as attorney-gen- eral, and afterwards with his successor, Judge Judson Harmon of Cincinnati. He en- joyed, in the highest degree, the confidence and esteem of these two distinguished men. Upon his resignation from this office, he entered the law department of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company, as atttorney for Tennessee and Northern Alabama, and also resumed general practice. About the same time he became instruc- tor in the Law School of Vanderbilt University, situated at Nashville, and continued to teach there until his removal to Chicago. On November 1, 1899, he succeeded Judge James Fentress as General Solicitor of the Illinois Central Railroad Company, and on the retiremnet of Mr. B. F. Ayer from the position of General Counsel for that company, a few years later, Judge Dickinson was appointed to succeed him, continuing also the duties which had been theretofore imposed upon the general solicitor, which position he occupied until 1909, with, how- ever, some participation in general practice in special and important cases. One of the great professional and public triumphs of Judge Dickinson's career was his participation as counsel on behalf of this country in the proceedings before the Alaska Boundary Tribunal. It is quite out of the question to trace the course of the argument in this historic case or even to deal at all adequately with that submitted by Judge Dickinson. His argu- ment occupied about four days in its delivery and dealt with every phase of the case. Illustrative of its high quality and admirable style, an extract, being the conclusion of the argument, is here given: "And now, Mr. President, si parva licet componere magnis, I announce, in the lan- guage of a distinguished Englishman closing a memorable debate, 'I have done' that is, with the argument of this case. "I have I was about to say another duty to perform, but it can never be a duty to express sentiments that come straight from the heart, and to speak words that struggle to the lips for utterance. For my associate counsel and myself I desire to thank opposing counsel for the uniform courtesy they have extended to us, the Tribunal for the patient and considerate hearing they have given us, and to thank you, Mr. President, for the impartiality with which you have directed our sessions. It is 64 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE worth, not merely an ocean voyage, but a long and painful pilgrimage, to enjoy what has been incident to this occasion. "We esteem it as a rare privilege to feel at home, for a season, in these historic chambers which for so many years have been associated with the diplomacy of the world, and our souls are filled with awe when in imagination we repeople them with the disembodied spirits of the mighty dead, to whose voices they once gave echo. "The memory of having, even for a short time, moved in the same orbit with the great legal luminaries of this country, famed for so many centuries for its great law- yers, will always be cherished. "Even if one shall have played, in his own esteem, his part lamely, it is worth the pang of a bitter disappointment to be in the cast of such a drama, enacted upon such a stage, and in such presence. "Whatever may be the outcome of our labors, and although there may be some immediate regrets, we may, sustained by an abiding faith in that omniscient Providence that guides the affairs of nations through darkness that is impenetrable to mortal vision, murmur, 'Forsitan et haec olim meminisse juvabit.' " When he had uttered these words and after taking his seat, the Lord Chief Justice paid him this high compliment: "Mr. Dickinson, on behalf of my colleagues and myself, I wish to thank you for your very brilliant and powerful argument. It has been my privilege to listen now to several of the great leaders of the American Bar and I can assure you that your argument will not suffer by comparison with those that preceded you either on this or any other arbitration, and certainly, speaking for myself, and I am sure I may speak for my colleagues, none the less powerful, because of the great courtesy and fairness with which you have treated the arguments of those who were opposed to you." The opinion of the tribunal was announced on the 20th day of October, 1903. It seldom falls to the lot of a lawyer to be concerned with such a great historic case. Sometimes members of the profession, impressed with the vast amount of intellectual laboi vhich they perform in the preparation of briefs and arguments in cases involving impoi tant questions of law, sometimes important public or constitutional questions, feel, and not without some justice, that they do not receive much in the way of public recognition or reputation for their arduous labors, too often but poorly compensated in otter ways, and that a little political activity with far less expenditure of intellectual powt ', brings greater results. That may be so; but it is the knowledge and training thus acquired by a long course of arduous, and not always highly remunerative pro- fessional labor, that fits the lawyers of this country to deal with great public cases and ro discharge the highest public duties. After Judge Dickinson returned to Chicago the Bar Association of this city, tendered to ht.n a dinner at the Auditorium Hotel, Saturday, December 19, 1903, which proved to be a most cordial and hearty recognition of the great professional distinction which their distinguished representative had, on this occasion, earned for himself and for them. Many letters from distinguished men and high public officials, who were unable to be present, were received and some of them were read at the dinner. President Roose- velt telegraphed: "All who have knowledge of the facts agree that no cause of like importance was eve$ summed up in more masterly manner than our cause was summed up by Judge Dickinson." John Hay, then Secretary of State, among other things said: "Mr. Dickinson's work in London has commended him to the admiration, not only of this country, but of Europe also." Mr. Justice Harlan of the Supreme Court paid Judge Dickinson the following tribute: "His services before that tribunal were of such high character as to render it appropriate that they be recognized by the Bar of which he is an honored member. For some years, in his capacity of Assistant Attorney General of the United States, he represented the Government in cases before the Supreme Court. In that field of public service, as I had occasion often to observe, he displayed marked ability and fidelity as a lawyer. And, therefore, I felt sure at the time of his appointment, that the interests of his country, as involved in the Alaskan dispute, would be carefully guarded; that his study of the issues would be most thorough; that nothing would be overlooked or left unsaid by him that was at all essential in the case; and that if his country was unsuccessful before the Alaskan Tribunal, it would not be due to any lack of ability or failure of duty on his part as counsel. He vindicated the wisdom of his appointment, and is eminently worthy of the honor which the Chicago Bar Associa- tion proposes to do him." in 1907 Judge Dickinson was elected President of the American Bar Association and worthily maintained the traditions which attend upon that high office. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 65 In M.irch, 1909, he resigned as General Counsel of the Illinois Central Railroad Com- pany to accept the appointment of Secretary of War by President Taft, and continued in office until the spring of 1911 when he resigned and resumed the practice of law in Nashville, Term. In 1913 he removed to Chicagp and practiced law. In April, 1915, he and H. V. Mudge were appointed by Judge Carpenter as receivers for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway. Subsequently Mr. Mudge resigned and Mr. Dickinson continued as sole receiver. The receivership was closed in 1917. In March, 1918, he formed the law partnership of Dickinson, Wetten & Keehm. Judge Dickinson in 1876 was married to Miss Martha Overton, of Nashville, a lineal descendant of John Overton, who was one of the early pioneers in Tennessee, a close personal friend of Andrew Jackson, succeeding him as Judge of the Supreme Court o>f that state. Mrs. Dickinson died in 1917. Their eldest son, Overton Dickinson, died leaving two daughters, Martha and Helen. The second son, Henry Dickinson, though with a wife and four children, and 37 years of age volunteered and is a 2nd Lieutenant. The other son, Jacob McGavock D.i-cikinson, Jr., is a member of the firm of Dickinson, Wetten & Keehm. He is Captain in the 149th U. S. Field Artillery and is in France. Personally, Judge Dickinson is a man of commanding presence, above six feet in height, very fond of shooting, fishing and horseback riding and all out-door sports. He is, an interesting and genial companion of wide reading and has a vast fund of information as to the history of this country, and as to matters local and personal throughout tthe South, especially those portions of it in which he has lived. He has a fund of appropriate anecdote upon which he draws for apt illustration in legal argument and in conversation. He is a man of earnestness and strong convictions. Tn forensic controversy he is aggressive, persistent and forcible, but with a courtesy to court and counsel that never fails and with a high appreciation of his duty as an advocate, not merely to his clients but to the court and all concerned. He attends the Fourth Presbyterian Church in Chicago. He is a member of the Chicago Club, the Wayfarers, the Cliff Dwellers. The degree of LL. D. was conferred on him by Columbia, Yale, University of Illinois and Lincoln Memorial University. Commerce Decisions Shreveport doctrine a*s applied to carload minimum weights. In Kansas City Millers' Club v. AT&SFRCo., 50 ICC 110, opinion by Commissioner Clark, it was held (1) that the finding in the Western Rate Advance Case, 35 ICC 497, that the carriers have justified a minimum of 40,000 pounds on grain products, has been affirmed on rehearing; (2) that the maintenance of a higher inter- state minimum on flour hi carloads than contemporaneously maintained intra- state in the states named is found unduly prejudicial to the complainants and to interstate commerce, and unduly preferential to their competitors and of intra- state commerce ; (3) and that in the Shreveport Case, 234 U. S. 342, the Supreme Court held it is within the power of the Commission and its duty to remove all unjust discrimination against intrastate traffic caused by state rates. This same authority and duty exists for the removal of unjust discrimination brought about by different carload minima. Public interest cannot go by default before the Commission. In Royster v. A. C. L. R. Co., 50 ICC 34, involving discrimination between interstate rates from Norfolk, Va., to points in North Carolina and intrastate rates between points -in North Carolina, the complainant sought to dismiss its case on rehearing, but the Commission cites Section 13 of the Act that "no complaint shall at any time be dismissed because of the absence of direct damage to the complain- ant," also Jewelers' Protective Association v. P. R. R. Co., 36 ICC 71, where it is said, among other things, on p. 75, that "the interest of the public cannot go by default in any proceeding before the Commission," and the Commis- sion proceeds in the Royster Case: "A complainant before us cannot, as a matter of right, withdraw his complaint. The undesirable consequence^of per- mitting a complainant to terminate a proceeding whenever, in his opinion, his 66 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE interests would thus be better served than by having it proceed to a conclu- sion are obvious and require no exposition," (p. 40) ; and the carriers were ordered to abstain from charging for the transportation of commercial fertil- izers in carloads from Norfolk to points in North Carolina any higher rates or higher carload minimum than they contemporaneously maintain and apply to the transportation of like property for like distances between points in North Carolina. I Cummins Amendment rates based on declared valuation of silk. In Silk Association of America v. P. R. R., 50 ICC 51, it was said: "By the second Cummins amendment the provisions of the first Cummins amendment which invalidated all limitations of the carrier's liability for loss, damage, or injury to property transported were made inapplicable to baggage, and to property except ordinary live stock as to which 'the carrier shall have been or shall hereafter be expressly authorized or required by order of the Interstate Com- merce Commission to establish and maintain rates dependent upon the value declared in writing by the shipper or agreed upon in writing as the released hereafter be expressly authorized or required by order of the Interstate Com- mission was empowered to make 'such order in cases where rates dependent upon and varying with declared or agreed values would, in its opinion, be just and reasonable under the circumstances and conditions surrounding the transportation.' It is thus seen that the second Cummins amendment placed rates and ratings dependent upon the value 'declared in writing by the ship- per,' and those predicated on the value 'agreed upon in writing as the released value of the property' in the same category. Both are unlawful until expressly authorized or required by the Commission. Express Rates, Practices, Ac- counts, and Revenues, 43 ICC 510; Live Stock Classification, 47 ICC 335; Williams Co. v. H. C. N. Y. T. Co., 48 ICC 269." Rates on Hogs, Sioux Falls to Chicago. In Wilson v. C. M. & St. P. R. Co., 50 ICC 126, it was held (1) that the rates on hogs from Sioux Falls to Chicago are unreasonable to the extent they exceed or may exceed by more than one cent per 100 pounds the rates contemporaneously applicable from Sioux City to Chicago; (2) that unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory rates may not be allowed to stand merely because other rates will be affected by a change therein; (3) that the maintenance of rates on ordinary live stock in terms of value subsequent to the amendment of the Act by the Cummins amendment of August 9, 1916, was unlawful ; and (4) that the findings herein are without prejudice to the conclusions which may be reached in Docket 8346, Live Stock and Products Case, a more comprehensive proceeding now pending. Undercharges. In A. T. & S. F. R. Co. v. Young, 171 Pacific Rep. 1156 (1918), the Supreme Court of Kansas held that a tariff of freight rates duly filed and published and not approved by the Interstate Commerce Commission has the force of a statute, binding alike on shipper and carrier. In any action to recover undercharges computed according to the tariff in force, it is error for the Trial Court to receive and consider proof that the commodities shipped were not classified in the tariff according to correct principles. United States Railroad Administration W. G. McAdoo, Director General. Bulletin No. 3. SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS RELATIVE TO UNP- FORM METHODS OF ORGANIZING AND CONDUCT- ING SAFETY WORK. Compiled by the Safety Section, Division of Operation. Issued by Division of Operation, Carl R. Gray, Director, Washington, 1918. Circular No. ?. Washington, February 19, 1918. The Safety Section of the Division of Transportation is hereby created, and Mr. Hiram W. Belnap appointed manager, with office in the Interstate Com- merce Building, Washington, D. C. The manager of the safety section will have supervision over the safety work on all railroads, utilizing such safety organizations as are already available and suggesting such others as are desirable, in addition to his present duties for the Interstate Commerce Commission as chief of its bureau of safety. W. G. McAdoo, Director General of Railroads. Division of Transportation. Circular No. 5. Washington, May 27th, 1918. In order to promote the safety of employes and travelers upon railroads, es- tablish uniformity in the important principles of safety work, and carry out the purpose of the director general's circular No. 7 of February 19th creating the safety section of the division of transportation, safety committees, composed of officers and employes, shall be organized on all railroads under federal control. Each Class 1 railroad having more than one superintendent shall have a general or central safety committee, composed of the active heads of each department. In addition there shall be formed in each superintendent's territory, and at the principal shops and terminals, with the ranking officer as chairman, division, shop and terminal committees, which shall consist of the heads of departments and one employe representative from each class of service. On Class 1 railroads having but one superintendent it will be satisfactory to have one general committee, composed of department heads and employes repre- senting each class of service, and such other shop or terminal committees as are found necessary. Each carrier shall designate an officer or employe, who will be responsible for 67 68 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE the safety work on his road. His name and address, together with detailed information concerning the safety organization perfected, should be furnished the manager of the safety section not later than August 1st. Approved : C. R. Gray, W. G. McAdoo, Director, Division of Transportation. Director General of Railroads. SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS RELATIVE TO UNI- FORM METHODS OF ORGANIZING AND CON- DUCTING SAFETY WORK. For the purpose of establishing uniformity in methods of organizing safety committees, as well as to stimulate interest in accident prevention and measures intended to reduce the hazards of railroad employment, the safety section recom- mends the following outline in perfecting safety organizations on all Class 1 railroads : General Safety Committee. A committee to be known as the general safety committee shall be organized, composed of general and division officers of the road, chosen in such a manner that all the different departments of service shall be represented on that committee. The chief operating officer, or such other officer as he shall designate, shall act as chairman. This committee shall have general supervision of the safety or- ganization. Division Safety Committees. On each division shall be formed a division safety committee, composed of division officers, with the superintendent as chairman, and one or more represen- tatives of each of the different classes of service. Shop Safety Committees. In each large shop shall be formed a shop safety committee, composed of the principal officers of the shop, with the ranking officer as chairman, and one or more representatives of each of the different classes of service. If the shop is under the jurisdiction of the division superintendent, the committee shall report to the division safety committee, otherwise to the general safety committee. Terminal Safety Committees. In each large terminal shall be formed a terminal safety committee, composed of the officers in charge, with the superintendent or ranking officer as chairman and one or more representatives of each of the different classes of service. If the terminal is under the jurisdiction of the division superintendent, the com- mittee shall report to the division safety committee, otherwise to the general safety committee. Additional Safety Committees. Where conditions require, local committees may be organized in yards, round- houses, smaller shops, large freight houses, etc. Meetings. The general safety committee shall meet at least quarterly. Other safety com- mittees shall meet monthly and report proceedings on proper form to the general safety committee. Term of Service of Members. The principal officers of the division, shop or terminal shall be permanent mem- bers of the committees. Other members shall serve for a period of six months or a year at the discretion of the chairman, but it is inadvisable to change all the members at one time. Payment of Committeemen. The employe members of the various committees attending meetings shall be ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 69 paid their regular wages and such expenses as they necessarily incur in going to and from committee meetings. Co-operation. The safety organization should invite the fullest co-operation of every em- ploye in calling to the attention of the various committees, practices and condi- tions which are not conducive to safety, but such information communicated by any one to these safety committees shall not be used as a basis of disciplinary action. Safety Bureau or Department. On each railroad there shall be an officer in charge of safety work. The amount of time which it will be necessary for him to devote to the work should be governed entirely by local conditions. He should compile statistics for the in- formation and guidance of safety committees, issue bulletins, attend all meetings of general safety committee; also such division, shop and terminal committees as he feels require his presence in order to maintain the proper degree of interest. He should carefully review minutes of all committee meetings. It is manifestly impossible to formulate suggestions which are universally ap- plicable. In perfecting this committee form of organization, it is realized that local conditions must in every case govern the personnel of each committee. Official titles vary with the individual railroads and in some cases the duties of more than one of the positions indicated may be vested in one person. Com- mittees may, therefore, be enlarged 6r decreased, as conditions require. The de- tails of the organization of committees is properly left to the managers of the various properties, but it is desired that they adhere as closely as practicable to the outline suggested herein. General Safety Committee. Vice President or General Manager Superintendent Passenger TrarTsporta- General Superintendent tion Chief Engineer General Claim Agent or Claims Attorney Engineer Maintenance of Way Chief Surgeon Signal Engineer General Storekeeper Superintendent of Motive Power General Safety Agent or Supervisor Superintendent of Rolling Stock Secretary (of Committee) Mechanical Engineer Such Other Officers As Are Deemed Ad- Superintendent Freight Transportation visable Division Safety Committee. Division Superintendent, Chairman. Division Engineer O) Track Foreman Trainmaster ( a )- Bridge and Building Department Master Mechanic Employe Road Foreman of Engines or Travel- (<0 Engineman ing Engineer O) Fireman Signal Supervisor ( fll ) Conductor Division Storekeeper () Brakeman Claim Agent or Adjuster O) Switchman District or Division Safety Agent (if (<*) Car Repairer or Inspector any) ( fl ) Signalman (a) Yardmaster O) Shopman, Etc. (a) Agent or Operator Secretary (a) Roadmaster or Supervisor of Track 70 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Committees. or Master Mechanic, Chairman. Car Department General Foreman (a) Carpenter (a) Car Repairer or Inspector (a) Woodworker (ai) Millwright (a) Machine Operator (a) Painter (a) Electrician (a) Storekeeper Secretary or Shop Superintendent of Shops Locomotive Department General Foreman Roundhouse Foreman (a) Machinist (a) Boilermaker (a) Blacksmith (a) Sheet Metal Worker (a) Shop Storekeeper () Electrician (a) Foundryman (a) Hostler (a) Crane Operator Secretary Note. In some instances it may be advisable to have separate committees m the car and locomotive departments in others a joint committee is preferable. Terminal Safety Committee. Superintendent, Trainmaster or .General Yardmaster, Chairman. Day Yardmaster (a) Section Foreman Night Yardmaster (a) .Station Employe (a) Switch Foreman or Yard Con- ductor (a) Car Department Employe (a) Switchman (a) Car Clerk, Checker or Sealer, (a) Engineman Secretary (a) Fireman .Members marked (a} should serve for a period of six months or a year at the discretion of the chairman. SAFETY SECTION. Room 715 Southern Railway Building, Washington, D. C. H. W. Belnap, Manager; W. P. Borland, Assistant Manager. REGIONAL SUPERVISORS Rufus Jarnagin Eastern Railroads, Grand Central Terminal, New York, N. Y. Charles M. Anderson Southern Railroads, Healey Building, Atlanta, Ga. Harry J. Bell Western Railroads, 226 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, 111. Charles W. Gregg, Southern Railway Building, Washington, D. C. COURTESY AND ^EFFICIENT SERVICED COURTESY AND ^EFFICIENT SERVICE, ALWAYS ^iZ.i ; SVV\ I""" 1 W^cpartmcnt ^ Coal Economy By B. J. O'Connor E CONOMY in business means the frugal and judicious use of money. Not wasting that which could be saved, nor saving that which should be judiciously expended. From a pamphlet issued by the General Superintendent of Machinery in 1914 the coal used the previous year equaled in value 6,000 freight cars, or 300 large locomotives. One-twentieth of which was saved in 1914. More mileage to the extent of seven per cent was made by the efforts of officers and exponents of fuel economy in the constant drilling of firemen, boiler men, ash men and others con- cerned in the economic principles of combustion. By combustion, we mean the actions of the chemical elements that go to make up the substance we call coal when brought in contact with other elements. The atoms of the substances of which fuel is composed, hydrogen and carbon, and the atoms of oxygen which form part of the air we breathe, attract each other with energy when excited by heat. Such combination tends to give out or disengage more heat, until at about 1,800 degrees F. the hydrogen, which is most combusti- ble, will be separated from the carbon which is then set free, and as carbon is never found in gaseous condition when uncombined with other sub- stances, it at once assumes the form of fine soot, when the hydrogen is burned away from it. This fine soot, or pulverized carbon, is, however, in- tensely heated by the combustion of the hydrogen. The carbon when heated to an igniting temperature will, if brought into contact with a suffi- cient quantity of oxygen, combine with it or be burned. Each partical of car- bon thus becomes a glowing center of radiation, throwing out its luminous rays in every direction. The sparks last, however, but an instant, for the next moment they are consumed by the oxygen, which is aroused to full activity by the heat and only a trans- parent gas rises from the flame, a com- bination called carbonic acid gas, or CO 2 , one volume of carbon, two of oxygen. This is perfect combustion. A pound of coal under these conditions yields 14,500 B .T. O.'s. If the fires are not kept light and temperature kept up and sufficient air supplied through the grates, one atom of carbon will unite with one atom of oxygen, forming carbon non-oxide. A volatile substance oily, gummy, cloggy and smokey, yielding 4,452 B. T. O.'s, or about one-third the heat units of a C0 2 . In the space of one second's travel from grate to combustion chamber must be determined the proper mixing of the elements. Though men have become very adept in the use of the scoop, and the handling of the stoker, by years of close observation and natural prac- tical study of what we call firing up and firing back, watching fire, gauge, 71 72 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE water and smoke stack, until they know precisely and deliberately how much of a fire will check the down- ward movement of the gauge hand and hold her up, or how much will allow it to recede a little without dropping. As the experienced mariner knows premeditately how much wheel to hold up or allow down by the pull on his arms. The flutter of a jib top sail or raffey before his compass indicates a move. It behooves us to take advantage of the good opportunities afforded us to get a little chemical knowledge of why there is so much energy in a pound of coal properly burned and how to burn it properly. Coal costs twice as much as it did in 1913. Combustion has increased a third. Five per cent saved now is equivalent to ten per cent saved then. Let us save "Safety First." Charley Barnett's Great Record Mr. C. J. Barnett, locomotive engineer on fast passenger run between Mem- phis, Tenn., and Canton, Miss., a gentleman who stands at the top round of the ladder, not only as a locomotive engineer, but also as a citizen, and whose friends are legion, has received a deserved compliment from the president of the Traveling Engineers' Association, as follows : THE TRAVELING ENGINEERS' ASSOCIATION Mr. Chas. J. Barnett, Memphis, Tenn., June 8, 1918. 327 N. McNeal St., Memphis, Tenn. My dear Mr. Barnett: I have just reviewed your wonderful performance with engine 1100. Whenever an engineman can run an engine 129,000 miles and arrive at his district terminal each trip but one on time, and then but ten minutes late on that one, I consider this the best performance that has ever come to my atten- tion, and wish you to accept my congratulations. Yours very trul> B. J. FEENEY, President How to Ilivo; It is not trie Science of curing Disease so much, as trie prevention of it tnat produces tne greatest good to Humanity. One of tne most important duties of a Health Department should be tne educational service A A A A teacnin^ people now to live A A A A The Food Value of the Banana T T is especially important at this time that we keep before us the question of foods and their conservation. The United States Food Administration says : "Eat plenty, eat wisely, but without waste." "Save the meat, the wheat, the fats, the milk, the sugar, the fuel and as much as possible, use the per- ishable foods." As a food, the banana is of excep- tional value. It constitutes the chief carbohydrate food and is in fact the principal food of an enormous number of people in the tropics. In tropical countries, the banana takes the place of cereals, tubers, such as wheat, rye, barley and potatoes which are the sta- ple foods of the temperate zone. Care- ful computations have been made by numerous authors showing- that the actual amount of food material pro- duced per acre in the cultivation of the banana exceeds that of wheat or any other crop. We should look upon the banana, therefore, not as a luxury but as a very important staple food, in fact, the principal food supply of a por- tion of the world. From this point of view, it deserves much higher consid- eration than has been eenerally ac- corded it especially in the temperate zone. The edible portion of the banana being surrounded by a thick envelop- ing skin, it is especially protected against the attacks of bacteria, moulds and other agencies of decomposition. Therefore, if the skin of the banana is unbroken, it may be taken for granted that the fruit is free from dirt, bac- teria, or objectionable material. This protection of the meat of the banana is of great importance especially in the tropics, because there we find so much greater danger of contamination from dirt and germs, both from a stand- point of climate as well as the people who live in those climates. Many analyses of the banana have been made and these show that it con- tains all of the classes of food materials necessary for animal life although the amounts of protein and fat are too low in proportion to the carbohydrates to constitute a perfectly balanced ration. The combination of the banana with milk in proper proportion will, how- ever, produce a ration which is amnlv balanced so as to take care of all bodily needs. Some comparisons between the ba- nana and the potato have been made which is as follows: Potato Banana Water 78.3 75.3 Protein 2.2 1.3 Fat 1 .6 Total carbohvdrates 18. 22. Calories per pound 385. 460. It will be seen, therefore, that the banana approximates very closely the potato in analysis but from a practical standpoint, the banana has about 20 per cent more food value than the no- fa to. In fact, without goiner into the detailed analvses of the various foods, it is interesting to compare the food value of the banana with a variety of 73 74 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE other foods which we have come to regard as almost indispensable in a properly regulated diet. The following table shows the caloric value per pound of edible portion of some of our more commonly used foods, the average re- sult being shown in each case for com- parison : Banana, 460; oysters, 230; lobster, 390, macaroni, 415; grapes, 450; green corn, 470; halibut, 470; young chick- ens, 505; fresh lima beans, 570; round steak (lean), 540; round steak (fat), 950. A further analysis shows that the banana exceeds in real food value many foods of different classes which are in almost daily use, such as whole milk, boiled oatmeal, shell fish and other fish and other fresh vegetables. Comparison as to the food value of the banana and meat, as for example round steak as shown above, should not be made without calling attention to the type of food which is different in the two classes. Meats are very largely protein foods and as such are more adapted to the development of tissue than to the quick production of heat, while the banana on the other hand is less a tissue-forming substance but is incomparably more effective in supplying the heat-giving materials. In a crude way, it might be said that the proteins are the foods which make good the losses due to wear and tear in the machinery of the body, while the carbohydrates are the foods which keep the machinery in motion and do good work. From this standpoint, it will be seen, therefore, that the banana because of its higher carbohydrates content, along with a certain amount of protein, would be a more useful all- around food than a pure meat diet in which the amount of carbohydrate is nil. A comparison with medium round steak, for instance, shows in the edible portion in each case 65.5 per cent for steak as against 75 for the banana. From the standpoint of the consumer, the most interesting point to him would be the comparison of the cost in cents per calories of food value ob- tained. At the present market price of meats, the advantage is distinctly in favor of the banana. A similar com- parison of fish is also interesting. Taking haddock as a food-fish now largely used, we purchase with each pound of fish close to 81 per cent of water as against 75.3 per cent in the banana. The fish shows a larger pro- portion of protein but the fat content, however, is less than in the banana and there is no carbohydrate, whereas as we have seen, the banana is rich in this quick-acting, heat-giving substance. From the standpoint of calories, there- fore, the banana exceeds the common food-fish considerably, and from the standpoint of real cost the odds are greatly in favor of the fruit. If we compare the food value of po- tatoes and bananas we shall find that the two substances are essentially sim- ilar in their analyses but that as re- gards cost, there is a decided advan- tage in favor of the banana. Dr. Oscar Dowling, president of the Louisiana State Board of Health, has proclaimed bananas to be the cheapest food on the market. Potatoes and onions can now take a back seat until the prices come down. The average price of bananas in New Orleans is two cents per pound. One pound of the edible portion contains 460 calories. One pound of porterhouse steak con- tains 1,300 calories. In other words, 2% pounds of bananas peeled are equal to a pound of porterhouse steak. In approximate terms, one dozen of ba- nanas, the average price of which in New Orleans is probably 10 to 15 cents, is equal to one pound of porter- house steak in nutritive value, and if served with whole milk would furnish a better balanced ration than does the steak. The markets in other states do not furnish to the customers as low a price as the New Orleans market but even so, the banana, as an article of food should be added to our dietary, both from the standpoint of health and econ- omy. There are many ways in utiliz- ing this fruit in producing an appetiz- ing dish and the careful housekeeper will do well to use the banana more generally as a food. Liberal Contribution from Train and Engine Crew on the Louisiana Division Jackson, Miss., May 28, 1918. Mr. G. E. Patterson, Supt, McComb, Miss. Dear Sir: My engine and train crew have to this date pledged the amount of $100 to the Red Cross, as follows: Engineer W. G. Dorrah $20.00 Conductor R. A. Cochran 20.00 Flagman R. W. Shorten 12.80 Fireman Robt. Lewis (col.) 14.20 Brakeman W. Travis (col.)., 11.00 Brakeman T. Travis (col.) 11.00 Brakeman J. Webster (col.) 11.00 Furthermore, I haven't a man on this crew that has not bought a $100 or more Liberty Bonds. No room for slackers on this crew. Yours truly, R. A. Cochran, Conductor, 391 and 392. McComb, June 6, 1918. Mr. R. A. Cochran, Conductor, Jackson, Miss. I have your letter of May 28th, showing the very liberal contributions made to the Red Cross by yourself and crew, for which I sincerely thank you. I am sending your letter to General Superintendent Pelley that he may also know of the liberal contributions made by you and your crew. G. E. Patterson, Superintendent. 75 CLEANINGS from me QADttS DEPARTMENT Jnterosting - Jyows cf- "Doings of Claimants- Jn and- Out* of* Court A GREAT RECORD ON COOK COUNTY LITIGATED CASES. Local Attorney V. W. Foster, who tries cases for the Company in Cook County, must be carrying the left hind foot of a graveyard rabbit concealed about his person somewhere. He has not lost a case tried for the Company in more than a year, although he has tried a great many during that period. Mr. Foster says he has noticed that there has been a great change in the attitude of jurors towards the railroads since the Government took control. Following are some of the cases which are included in Mr. Foster's unbroken record: Bishop, Admr. Austin Jackson $10,000.00; death of boy claimed to have been struck on 2'6th Street cross- ing; verdict from the jury, not guilty. George P. Bennett $25,000; en- gineer injured by reason of stub brace on locomotive boiler blowing out; in- structed verdict in favor of the Company. Anna Gallagher $15,000.00; passen- ger, permanently crippled by falling on obstruction in Central Station, Chi- cago ; verdict from jury, not guilty. Gunn, Ex. Francis M. Gunn $10,- 000.00; death of foreman of Pullman Shops ; killed lllth Street grade cross- ing; jury disagreed. Frank N. Wood $30,000.00 ; Real Estate Editor of the Chicago Tribune ; passenger, injured while in the act of alighting from train after announce- ment of station, resulting in loss of left foot and part of right foot, at 39th Street Chicago; verdict from jury, not guilty ; February, 1917, Supreme Court refused to disturb the verdict. On two previous occasions the Appell- ate Court had reversed judgements in favor of the Company, intimating in the opinions that plaintiff had a good cause of action. Gus Thomas Claim for compensa- tion before Industrial Commission for injuries sustained in Burnside Shops; tried ; finding in favor of Company. Stanley Pokorski Claim for com- pensation before Industrial Commis- 76 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 77 sion on account of injuries sustained by mail handler; trial resulted in finding in favor of Company. Joseph Zerba Claim for compensa- tion before Industrial Commission account loss of hearing due to accident which occurred at Burnside Shops; trial resulted in finding in favor of Company. Minnie Osborne $15,000.00 ; al- leged ejection of lady and child from train at Cairo Junction during a win- ter night ; trial resulted in verdict from jury, not guilty. Emma S. Bunnell $25,000.00 ; per- manent injuries sustained by passen- ger by reason of sudden starting of train, 50th Street Station, Chicago, while in the act of alighting; verdict from jury not guilty. Wladyslaw Opcowski $20,000.00 ; injuries at 136th Street grade crossing; instructed verdict for defendant. James A. Warren $50,000.00; pas- senger, loss of leg and other injuries account being thrown from train while rounding curve near 115th Street ; ver- dict from jury, not guilty. Mabel Schmidt $10,000.00 ; passen- ger in buggy struck by train at grade crossing, Cicero, May 1918 ; verdict from jury, not guilty. Fred Schmidt $10,000.00 ; driver of buggy struck by train at grade cross- ing, Cicero, in above accident ; verdict from jury, not guilty. Titusis Lapenas Claim for com- pensation before Industrial Commis- sion for alleged personal injuries sus- tained in Burnside Shops; finding of Arbitrator in favor of Company. Szymon Wiezniak $25,000.00 ; tres- passer, claimed to have been thrown from and under train by wilful act of brakeman, causing loss of leg and other injuries ; trial July, 1918 ; instructed verdict for defendant. This was the last case tried. This record should have the effect of discouraging litigation, especially in view of the Company's well known pol- icy of settling all meritorious claims. CO-OPERATION ON THE LOU- ISIANA DIVISION At a meeting of the Mississippi Rail- way Claim Agents' Association, held at Jackson, Miss., on June 9th, Claim Agent H. G. Mackey, of the Louis- iana Division of the Illinois Central, addressed the association on the sub- ject of co-operation between the divis- ion officers of the Louisiana Division in relation to the handling of personal injury claims, and also on the question of the prevention of accidents, as fol- lows : "I feel signally honored at having been selected to be the first member to address you at our first meeting. The suggestion of Mr. Hull that I tell you of the co-operation on the Louisiana Division was a happy thought as I know nothing about which I had rather talk and there is nothing so vital and necessary to the success of the claim agent as the hearty co-operation of every other department of the ser- vice. We are justly proud of the splendid results we have obtained on this division and which are due solely to the co-operation of other depart- ments with the department I have the honor to represent. "We are now a part of the great machine which America is building to forever crush Prussianism and any lack of co-operation is a weak spoke in the wheel. We claim agents are as surely "doing our bit" as the soldier in the trenches, though we are not asked to face the dangers or endure the pri- vations which those noble boys are un- dergoing, yet there are none of us who would not willingly go and fight and die with them if our country called us. "We have on the Louisiana Division one of the biggest superintendents on our great system big in physique, big in heart and big in mind and to him ^reat credit is due for the success we have achieved. "On the Louisiana Division we receive preliminary reports of injuries, each department having a prefix initial and each case a number, commencing with number one and running consecutively 78 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE until the end of the month. All in- juries occurring to transportation em- ployes, freight house employes, and to any employe or nonemploye as a re- sult of the operation of trains, is given the prefix initial "T"; all those occur- ring to Road Department employes is, given the initial "R" ; all reports cov- ering shopmen injured have the initial "M" and storehouse, the letter "S." For instance, a report covering a sec- tion laborer struck by a train would have the prefix letter "T," while if he was injured otherwise, the letter "R" would be used. The preliminary is worded as follows: "June R 1. At 5 :40 p. m., June 3rd, Adam Allen, col., laborer, while un- loading ties out of box car at Tougaloo, caught his finger under a tie, mash- ing second and third fingers on right hand." "A meeting is held in the office of the superintendent every Monday morning, with the following members of the division staff in attendance : Master mechanic, road master, both traveling engineers, both train mas- ters, store keeper, both claim agents and once each month all three super- visors. Superintendent Patterson pre- sides at the meetings and each prelim- inary is read and disposition or pres- ent status of the case is announced by the claim agent on whose territory the accident occurred. If it has become necessary for the claim agent to pay out any sum of money in the settle- ment of the case, the reason is explain- ed by the claim agent and a discus- sion of means to prevent a recurrence of the accident is entered into. These cases are carried until finally disposed of and if carried over from one meet- ing to another an explanation made as to why they were not closed out. It naturally follows that each department is anxious to have as few open cases as possible and if an injured employe does not report for duty within a rea- sonable length of time, the cause is ascertained and he is urged to report as quickly as possible. This brings many of them back to work before they would ordinarily get back. "We use a no disability release which slightly injured employes who lose no time from their work are re- quired to execute, and a one dollar re- lease for employes who lose time and where the facts do not justify the pay- ment of a larger sum of money. If an employe declines to execute either of these releases he is held out of the service and the claim agent notified promptly in order that he may handle as the facts may warrant. The claim agent makes it a practice, as far as possible, to confer with the heads of departments relative to what settle- ment, if any, should be made with em- ployes and is governed to a large ex- tent by their recommendations. "In cases of serious injury where the transportation department is concern- ed, the train master, when possible, accompanies the claim agent in his investigation and his assistance is al- ways helpful. In addition to this, that officer conducts an independent inves- tigation among the employes con- cerned, always requesting the presence of the claim agent at such investiga- tions. The departments all have their well organized safety committees com- posed of employes. If a serious injury occurs, this committee immediately conducts an investigation and we therefore have an immediate examina- tion of premises and appliances by fel- low laborers of the injured person. "At our Monday meetings attention is called to dangerous practices or un- safe appliances and steps taken to cor- rect same at once. We sometimes have notice of an injury which has not been reported by employes and attention is drawn to these cases and action taken with the employe who fails to report an injury. As a result of this policy it is rare indeed that an injury occurs on this division for which a report is not made to cover. "We also discuss at these meetings the reports covering stock killed dur- ing the previous week. If the killings are due to defective fence, gates or cat- tle guards, or other avoidable causes, steps are taken to remedy the evil at once. I would like to add here that ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 79 the Louisiana Division led all divis- ions of the system in reduction of amounts paid for stock killed in 1917, as compared to 1916, showing a de- crease of over $5,500. "I recently had a case where an em- ploye was injured while cutting a piece of steel. Examination of the chisel showed the head to be burred, handle a split makeshift and it was a difficult matter to say whether or not he was injured by the steel he was cutting or by a piece breaking off the burred head of the chisel. I then made an examination of tools in several shops and found many of them in the same condition. At our next meeting I discussed the matter with the super- intendent and suggested the appoint- ment of a committee to make regular inspection of all mechanical and road department tools and appliances. He was quick to see the advantage of having such inspection and appointed the claim agent and a member of the mechanical department to examine shop tools and the claim agent and a member of the road department to ex- amine road department tools, such ex- amination to be made every 30 or 60 days, report being made to him show- ing the result of such examination. "We have a division safety commit- tee, this committee having been ap- pointed several years ago by the man- agement. This committee meets Quar- terly, but our Monday meetings have about removed the necessity of holding the quarterly safety meeting. "In conclusion, I desire to state to you gentlemen that I have worked in this department when co-operation was unknown ; when, if you requested the head of a department to assist you in handling a matter, he would tell you that he had troubles of his own. If I had to go back to that system I truly believe I would seek other fields of labor." COULDN'T PUT IT OVER Within the confines of the peaceful little village of McCool, Mississippi, a thriving town on the Aberdeen branch, which bears the name of a learned judge and honored citizen of Attala county, there lives a prosperous mer- chant, Alonzo Carr, by name, who is blessed with a wife of many charms, and several interesting children to make home happy. Surely this man has been endowed with enough of the good things of life to bring everlasting joy, but in an evil moment a buzzing bee must have punctured his cuticle and deposited a germ of discontent which developed into an idea of suing the railroad, for that is exactly what he did. The suit was filed at Kosciusko in the name of Mrs. Carr, who suffered much humiliation and embarrassment from the testimony adduced at the re- cent trial, and who profited absolutely nothing by reason thereof. The declara- tion demanded the sum of $3,000, and charged that in the month of August, 1917, while Mrs. Carr and her husband were en route from McCool to West Point (the trip being made for the purpose of securing medical treatment from an old family physician) that the conductor, with repeated insults and abuses, wrongfully ejected Mrs. Carr from the train at Starkville, causing her to suffer a nervous collapse and continued illness. Unfortunately for Mr. and Mrs. Carr, the "trouble" lasted throughout the journey of forty miles and the ex- citement attracted the attention of nu- merous passengers who very naturally became intensely interested in what was going on, and it was the testi- mony of these passengers which finally saved the road from having to pay damages. A preponderance of the evidence showed conclusively that the conduc- tor was not guilty; that Mr. and Mrs. Carr boarded the train with on in- dividual mileage book which had been purchased by Mr. Carr, and was good for his passage only. He insisted the conductor should pull both fares from the one book, refusing to pay cash when the coupons were declined for his wife, admitting at the same 80 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE time that he was well supplied with money. It was shown further that no insults were offered by the conductor, who acted firmly but courteously. Ar- riving at Starkv'ille and having failed to get transportation for the lady, she was asked to leave the train which she did very gracefully. The testimony was so overwhelm- ingly in favor of the railroad that the trial judge peremptorily charged the jury to bring in a verdict for the de- fendant. Though Mr. Carr is a merchant of means and good credit, he refused to make bond for the costs of the trial, permitting his wife to take the pau- per's oath, thereby throwing the costs upon the railroad regardless of the ver- dict. The trial was long and tedious, requiring a large number of witnesses. The railroad was put to considerable expense, besides losing the time of a train crew for an entire week. WHO DID WRONG? Chas. Valentine was a switchman employed in the yards at Champaign, 111. On Feb. 9th at night he was ac- cidentally run over by a cut of cars and killed. There were no eye wit- nesses to his death, and the investiga- tion of the whole matter did not re- veal just how or in what manner he was killed. There was some specula- tion and some theories advanced but the real truth was not known ; from each and every angle it was made clear that his death was purely accidental. Valentine is survived by a wife and four small children living at Cham- paign. A review of the facts showed that all equipment with which he had to do at the time of his death was in a good state of repair, that there were no defects either in track or cars or any of the facilities with which he worked at the time of the accident, and the verdict was that he was acci- dentally killed. No negligence of any kind whatever was attached to any one for the death of this man. Here was a family in need, little ones to be fed and clothed and a wom- an who was obliged to engage in some immediate occupation that would con- tribute to their welfare. She had no funds available for their provision. Claim Agent Cary went with her to her landlord and made arrangements whereby she would be permitted to remain undisturbed in her house; he also went with her to a grocer and secured credit for her that she might procure groceries on credit. The sum of $2,000 was also agreed to be paid her by the railway, although no one was in the slightest degree held re- sponsible for this regrettable affair. While the voucher was being made for her, she was approached by a Chicago lawyer and signed a contract with him whereby he was to have a stipulated sum for handling the case and he at once served a lien upon the railway. This of course tied up the voucher so that we were unable to pay the money over to Mrs. Valentine. This lawyer then wrote Mr. Cary a letter, and sent him a telegram asking what the company intended doing in this case and what our highest amount would be in the settle- ment of the case. Mr. Cary replied that he had made one settlement of this matter; that this was final and that nothing had intervened since that would tend to change his course. That he had agreed to pay Mrs. Valentine $2,000 and was ready and willing to do so any time. Then the lawyer called Mr. Cary up over the phone and told him that he would accept the $2,000, the same amount that he stood ready and will- ing to pay Mrs. Valentine before this, so that the matter was closed at this same sum as was originally offered. Having had this lien served upon us we were obliged to send that voucher through the lawyer, who, after paying himself for writing Mr. Cary one let- ter, sending him one message and call- ing him up by phone once, remitted the remainder to Mrs. Valentine by a check which Mr. Cary had to assist her in getting cashed. As has frequently been stated in 81 these pages the records of the Claim Department of this company are open ; we have nothing to conceal, and no record that we are unwilling to dis- close; we are willing that amounts distributed to those of the employes who are injured should not be a secret if those having the right to know de- sire the information, and for that rea- son it may be of interest to know that in this case, where we stood ready and willing and had agreed to pay Mrs. Valentine $2,000, she was in no manner assisted by her attorney, and instead of receiving the $2,000, she actually received from her lawyer a much smaller sum. CASE OF JEFFERSON E. HUNT Jefferson E. Hunt was employed as a car repairer at Council Bluffs shops and was injured while repairing a car on the morning of Feb. 5, 1917. He was entitled to have the company pay him the amount of compensation which would be due him under the Iowa Compensation Act. This amount the company was at all times ready and willing to pay and even after suit was filed the railroad offered in open court to pay compensation in the sum of $100.00 and costs. This was not, however, attractive enough to the plaintiff and he brought suit demanding $10,000 in the District Court in Pottawattamie County, Iowa. The case was reached for trial May 3, 1918, and after taking testimony for two days it apparently became obvious to the plaintiff that he had been mis- led in his hope of receiving a small fortune. He then settled his case for $125.00 paying the costs himself which amounted to about $40.00. We pre- sume that the balance was divided be- tween his attorney and himself. SHOWING TRANSPORTATION BEFORE BOARDING TRAINS The importance of trainmen requir- ing passengers to show their trans- portation, before boarding trains, and the intelligent exercise of that duty, was recently brought out in the trial of a suit for damages, and a verdict for the plaintiff rendered, on account of the flagman failing in his duty. The ticket agent was primarily at fault ; he sold the passenger a ticket for a station at which the only train run- ning that day, was not scheduled to stop, either regularly or on flag; the flagman permitted the passenger to board this train with this ticket, not- withstanding the fact that the pas- senger told him to which station he was ticketed. When the conductor came around taking up tickets, he advised the pas- senger that the train did not stop at the station to which he held transpor- tation, and that he would have to either change at the first stop north of there, or go to the first stop south, and return on the next train. To this the passenger objected strenuously, and argued that he had a right to be car- ried to that station on the train he was on, as the ticket agent had sold him the ticket, and the flagman had permitted him to board the train with- out advising him that he would have to make a change of cars. He finally left the train, and walked a distance of several miles to his destination, and later filed suit for damages. The company was forced to admit the state of facts detailed here, and the court in passing on the case, stated that the company had the right to run cer- tain trains that did not make all of the local stops, and that the conductor was entirely within his rights in re- quiring the passenger to leave the train at an intermediate station, but that we did not have the right to sell a pavsscn- ger a ticket and then permit him to board a train, which we knew did not make the stop, and with which the passenger was not charged with the duty of knowing. CAME NEAR BEING A TRAGEDY Kankakee, 111., June 26, 1918. What came near being a serious ac- cident at the Sangamon avenue cross- ing of the Illinois Central in this city yesterday morning, was narrowly ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE averted by the presence of mind of Engineer Murphy, of the Panama Limited. Notwithstanding the watchman was trying his best to stop a closed auto- mobile, the driver drove directly upon the track and killed his engine. The fast Panama Limited was approaching. The occupants of the car hastily un- loaded, and the car was left upon the track to certain destruction, so it looked to by-standers. To save the car Engineer Murphy reversed his engine and made as fine a stop as was ever witnessed by rail- road men, with the pilot only a few feet away from the automobile. To the watchful eye of the engineer is probably due the lives or maiming of the occupants of the car as well. This engineer should receive favorable mention. The occupants of the car should re- ceive a severe lecture, and they are not alone in this, as it seems a com- mon practice of many automobile drivers to ignore railroad crossings. Rantoul (III.) Weekly Press of June 26. TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT Personal Waterloo, Iowa, June 6, 1918. Mr. J. F. Dignan, Mr. L. E. McCabe, Mr. T. H. Sullivan : I am quoting below letter received from one of our agents relative to preven- tion of live stock claims : "We suffer more or less loss in handling live stock, due to delay in transit, injury from defective equipment, such as cars, stock pens, stock chutes, etc. To reduce our loss in this direction, close supervision should be given the handling of live stock at point of loading, while in transit, at feeding stations and at destination. Particular attention should be given when ordering stock cars to see that orders are placed far enough in advance of the time needed (48 hours if possible) to permit the Chief Dispatcher placing cars without extra mileage and secure cars in good condition. Agents should at all times know that their stock pens are in first class condition, that all boards of the fences are securely fastened in place and gates in good working condition so as to prevent stock from getting out of pens, particularly hogs and other small animals. Mud holes should be filled to pre- vent miring, also to prevent their carrying mud into the cars when loaded. Wa- tering troughs and feed racks should be in good condition. Particular attention should be given to condition of chutes, chute gates and running boards. All nails or bolts should be kept driven in and loose or protruding boards or slivers re- moved. All refuse should be kept out of pens so as to prevent injury to animals such as horses or mules. The Section Foreman should co-operate with the agents in this work. Overloading or overcrowding of animals in cars should not be per- mitted. Cattle, horses and mules should be loaded snugly so as to enable the animals to stand securely on their feet but not crowded. Proper loading will show the animals touching each other but not jammed together. If inspection shows the animals crowded, the shipper should be notified and requested to un- load a sufficient number to put the consignment in proper shipping condition. Every effort should be made to prevent damage while loading. Many animals are injured by backing out of cars after running board has been removed and before door can be closed. Bull-board should be put up before running board is removed. Company representatives at feeding points should keep a complete record of all stock unloaded and reloaded showing the time unloaded, the amount of food furnished, the condition of the stock and the number of head of each class of stock, and the time of reloading. This record is essential in case a claim arises and it becomes necessary to give testimony in a suit. The slower schedule now in effect will often make it necessary to unload stock for feed, water and rest, whereas under the old schedule Chicago stock could often be handled through to destination within the 36 hour limit. The recent ruling of the government providing that government horses must be unloaded within 28 hours and must not be handled under 36 hour extension, will increase the number of shipments stopped in transit, therefore the impor- tance of close supervision in this respect." This is very good and I think a number of claims could be prevented if ypu would insist upon these suggestions being followed. W. S. Williams, Gen'l Supt. 83 84 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Waterloo, Iowa, May 16, 1918. To All Mechanical Department Employes, Waterloo, Iowa. I have been watching your performance for the past several months with much pleasure, and cannot refrain from making known to you my high appreciation of the full measure of loyalty to your country and to your company, which you have so forcibly demonstrated. You have gone "over the top" on the Red Cross and Liberty Loan subscrip- tions. You have made it possible for us to handle the heaviest business hi our history with ease during one of the worst winters ever experienced in this sec- tion, by keeping power and equipment in good condition. "100 percent" seems to be your motto, and you are certainly living up to it. Your latest act of volunteering to go to the storm devastated section near Nashua next Sunday and assist in the reconstruction of buildings, etc., which were destroyed last Thursday night, is in line with the other good work you have been doing. I voice the thought of the entire management of this company when I say we are proud to have such men in our emply. It is needless for me to urge you to keep up the good work it is a foregone conclusion that you will do so. Very truly yours, W. S. Williams, Gen'l Supt. ervice Sherlock Holmes" and the "Over and Short' Department By "Mac" Much has been said, and will in fu- ture be said, about freight going astray through improper marking or no marks on packages, transported by railroads. It is believed that much trouble would be done away with if the public were made aware of some of the work local freight agents do in an effort to locate proper owner and destination of "astray" freight. Whoever heard of "Sherlock Holmes" doing a stunt for a railroad? Two instances described below show that one agent is deserving of the title of "Sherlock Holmes," and that men of such talent clear up a lot of "overs" and save much money in claims. They also show that railroads do endeavor to lo- cate owners of astray freight and do employ men of resource. In a railroad warehouse in a large city, there was recently received "over" a dresser which had no address or marks designating owner. After return of us- ual "over" report from station where car had been loaded with remark "no account," the bureau drawers were opened in the hope of obtaining a clue to the owner. The contents were care- fully looked over, but nothing contain- ing information was found, except a book of minutes of meetings of a Women's Club in a Western town. It bore date several years past, and on one page had name of secretary of the club. The postmaster at the town mentioned was communicated with and asked if he could tell anything about the club or the secretary, and he replied, stating that if a letter was sent to Mrs. in Mich., perhaps some information of value would be obtained. A letter was sent to the lady at the address given, and a reply was received in a few days con- taining such information about the dress- er as clearly proved ownership and the dresser was shipped forward and de- livered. The owner had moved from the Western town to an Eastern city and then after some years' residence in the latter, had moved to Michigan and the shipment of household goods had been received minus the dresser and tracing by forwarding line failed to locate it. The railroad in whose warehouse the dresser was found "over," had not car- ried the other goods, so that the road whose agent took so much trouble to locate the owner of the dresser would not have had to pay the claim of owner for loss had it been necessary for ini- tial line to settle in absence of ability to prove delivery. The same agent that located owner of the dresser located the owner of a box of goods that had no marks on it, by opening the box and finding in it a paper parasol that had on it a lot of names of men and women and their place of residence. One of the names was of a resident of the city ana a repre- sentative of the railroad called at the address given, taking along the parasol. The lady recalled writing on the para- sol several years before while on a visit to a friend in Texas and furnished the address of the friend. A communica- tion was sent to the address given, and in reply to it, the information was re- ceived that resulted in delivery of the box to its proper owner. Should not all railroads have a "Sher- lock Holmes" on their staff? Railway World. 85 Editorial from "The Railroad Herald," Atlanta, Ga., June, 1918 Stronger Containers to Save Loss and Damage f~\ NE of the factors which has prominently been considered in the work to cut down the loss and dam- age account is the movement towards stronger containers for the miscel- laneous or box shipments going into the car load. The mechanical and physi- cal conditions of the equipment and operation of freight trains are in their nature more or less fixed, and nothing better than this fact can emphasize the importance of getting away from the use of containers of fragile material or containers not designed to facilitate the safest packing of commodities. In other words, and very simply, there is no getting away from the nature of a freight train ; so, the problem is to get away from the bad container. It is needless to go into detail as to the ^nnipment and operation of a freight train. It can never be a thing of swan-like movement, free from jerks and shocks. There must always be the uneven pulling of the locomotive ; the application of brakes ; the roughness of crossings and frogs ; the rounding of curves; the unequal retardation of cars from brake shoe pressure, due to the impracticability of loading all cars of a train to equal weights or of avoiding empties between loads ; the shifting and other necessary handling of cars in classification yards, etc., etc. These are some of the elements of the freight train's nature ; and we repeat that the problem is not to change them, but to box and pack freight in such a manner as to withstand them. Again, the necessity of bringing about the use of better containers is more appar- ent now than it was when attention was first directed to the subject. For we hope it can be said that further progress is another element of the freight train's nature ; that is, the ten- dency still is for locomotives of in- creased tractive effort and greater ca- pacity (though greater weight) of cars, and undoubtedly faster movement of freight trains is going to come in for more attention. Indeed, the program admits of small hope for the operation of freight trains to become smoother. The agitation in recent years of the matter of better containers has been fruitful. Our purpose here is merely to point out this fact and to suggest that the field for work is still grow- ing. One difficulty that has been in the way is that most individual ship- pers have stood in the attitude that it was the railroad's fight. The inactiv- ity of the shipping interests has been a large fault. The railroads have not been free from fault either, for be- tween taking steps to bring the equi- ties of the matter into determination, and taking their chances against loss and damage claims, we believe the for- mer would have been the best business policy for all concerned. If this view is correct, it is worth noting, finally that the present government control is a good opportunity to put the sub- ject as between shippers and railroads as it should be. This has been next to impossible heretofore. 86 air KOLL OP HONOR Name Occupation Andrew Helser Carpenter Joseph B. Hudson Agent Frank P. Redman Commercial Agent W. H. Perkins City Ticket Agent Charles E. McGregor Agent WHO IS THIS MAN? T7ARIOUS organizations have been asked to cooperate in assisting to identify this subject we now have un- der consideration. For a long time we have felt con- strained to keep these proceedings se- cret and rigid censure of all press re- ports and other communications have been maintained. We are not alto- gether sure that we are yet on the right track, some communications received from Texas say this is a highwayman, wanted down there, and wanted mighty bad too in a certain county where a large number of sheep have disappeared. Then we have another re- port from south sea islands saying this is an old pirate of the early days, fa- miliar with pieces of six. and of buc- caneer days when rope and gang plank played such an important part, and when men hid treasure trove and chests of gold. Then we received another report from across the seas and way over in the land of Mbab where unto this day they do say that this is old Balaam himself, still astride of his ass, going down among the children of Israel to set up his seven altars. Date of Where Years of Retire- Employed Chicago, 111. Springfield, 111. Dallas, Tex. Service 22 30 31 ment 1/31/18 3/31/18 6/30/18 St. Louis 25 Marion, Ky. 18 6/30/18 2/28/18 87 88 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE But here in America we still look upon all these reports with suspicion, we continue to look upon the subject of this sketch with suspicion also, but we believe that we are getting the right clue, because a man died over in England along about 1717 and on his person were found some very import- ant papers and documents which we believe will lead to the proper iden- tification of this man. This man that died had on his person insurance pa- pers, a policy issued along sometime before Christ in the Pacific Mutual Ac- cident Insurance Co. Right away sus- picion fell on Humphrey Roberts as being the man that issued that policy, and with this old policy found on this man back in 1717 we were able at once to identify this man Humphrey Rob- erts, grand and good old engineer on the Illinois Central from 1866 to 1908, over 42 years of service, and service that was service. Humphrey Roberts, always the same kind genial face, and the same warm greeting to all who shake his hand, Humphrey Roberts, a splendid prototype of the ideal pen- sioner, relaxing in the waning years of life, luxuriant still with vigor and health and happy days, and our toast to you, Brother Roberts, is, may you live on so long that it will be neces- sary to call the firing squad on judg- ment day and have you shot. WINFIELD SCOTT SMITH. Winfield Scott Smith, better known to the employes of th<. Wisconsin Division as "Scotty" and employed as operator at Forreston since 1896, was granted a pension by this company, effective March 1st, 1918. "Scotty" entered the service of the Illinois Central Railroad Company in November, 1877. He worked at Free- port until the fall of 1896, when he ac- cepted position as operator at For- reston and which position he filled up to the time he was retired. Mr. Smith's record with this com- pany is one that any employe could well feel proud of. He takes particu- WINFIBLD SCOTT SMITH. lar delight in telling new employes of the old methods of railroading when he commenced with this company. He refers to the "little old engines with the large smoke stack" and the "old red X box cars of ten ton capacity, which were so constructed that they could be placed on narrow gauge trucks." While in the Superintendent's office a short time ago Mr. Smith wrote us a sample of train orders which were used when he was an operator at Free- port, reading as follows : "C. & E., engine 177 run wild 6:30 A. M., to 6:30 P. M., between For- reston and Dubuque." Mr. Smith has always proven him- self a conscientious and loyal employe. Employes of the Wisconsin Division are going to miss him, especially train and engine men on the Amboy Dis- trict. We all join in wishing Mr. Smith many happy days in the future, and that he may benefit by the pension granted him by this company. United States Railroad Administration Office of the Director General. Circular No. 36. Washington, D. C, June 12, 1918. I am deeply gratified to learn of the large number of railroad employes who have subscribed for the third issue of Liberty Bonds, and I desire to express my appreciation of the patriotism and loyalty they have exhibited in this time of national peril. A large number of railroad employes will receive substantial amounts of back payments resulting from the increase of wages authorized by General Order No. 27. These payments will be made to employes by the respective railroads as promptly as the amounts for each of the months from January to June can be computed. I earnestly urge upon every railroad employe who has thus secured increases in pay for the future and who will receive back payments from January 1, 1918, to invest as much as he possibly can in War Savings Stamps issued by the United States Treasury. These War Savings Stamps are not only an investment of the safest and best quality, but they accrue interest at the rate of 4 per cent per an- num, compounded quarterly. Every man who invests in War Savings Stamps can get his money back in full from the government at any time upon ten days' notice, and with interest at a rate somewhat less than 4 percent, if he requests payment before the maturity of the stamps. Pf he keeps the stamps until matur- ity, namely, until the first of January, 1923, he will receive his money back in full with interest added at the rate of 4 percent per annum, compounded quarterly. Our heroic boys are now actually fighting in the battles which are raging along the western front in France. They are dying for us, giving their lives freely and heroically that the liberties of mankind shall be preserved. Every man who buys War Savings Stamps is helping these boys, because he is helping to keep his government provided with the money which it must have to enable those boys to fight victoriously or die gloriously. I hope every railroad employe who can do so will invest to the limit of his means and ability in these War Savings Stamps of the United States Government. W. G. McAdoo, Director General of Railroads. UNITED STATES RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION Office of the Director General The policy of the United States Railroad Administration has been informed and shaped by a desire to accomplish the following purposes which are named in what I conceive to be the order of their importance: First. The winning of the war, which includes the prompt movement of the men and material that the government requires. To this end everything else must be subordinated. Second. The service of the public, which is the purpose for which the rail- ways were built and given the privileges accorded them. This implies the mainte- nance and improvement of the railroad properties so that adequate transporta- tion facilities will be provided at the lowest cost, the object of the government being to furnish service rather than to make money. Third. The promotion of a spirit of sympathy and a better understanding as 89 90 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE between the administration of the railways and their two million employes, as well as their one hundred million patrons, which latter class includes every in- dividual in the nation, since transportation has become a prime and universal necessity of civilized existence. Fourth. The application of sound economies including: (a) The elimination of superfluous expenditures; (fr) The payment of a fair and living wage for services rendered and a just and prompt compensation for injuries received; (c) The purchase of material and equipment at the lowest prices consistent with a reasonable but not an excessive profit to the producer; (d) The adoption of standardized equipment and the introduction of approved devices that will save life and labor; (e) The routing of freight and passenger traffic with due regard to the fact that a straight line in the shortest distance between two points ; (/) The intensive employment of all equipment and a careful record and sci- entific study of the results obtained, with a view to determining the comparative efficiency secured. The development of this policy will, of course, require time. The task to which the railroad administration has addressed itself is an immense one. It is as yet too early to judge of the results obtained, but I believe that great progress has been made toward the goal of our ideals. All those who have had a share in this great work, including especially the members of my staff and the officers and em- ployes of the railways have shown intelligence, public spirit, loyalty and enthus- iasm in dealing with problems that have already been solved and attacking those that still await solution. With their continued co-operation, I feel assured of a future in which the les- sons of our accumulating experience will be effectively employed to humanize the science of railroading and negative the idea that corporations have no souls. W. G. McAdoo, Sunday, June 16, 1918. :<> 1 * 1724 ENGINE 1724 MADE 99625 MILE:, WITHOUT HAVING A FLUE REMOVED. ENGINEER. rREEf>OKT ILL M ontonous JQTVICQ S "pAVORABLE mention is made of the fol- lowing conductors and gatekeepers for their special efforts in lifting and preventing the use of irregular transportation in con- nection with which reports (Form 972) were rendered to the auditor of passenger receipts, who, in cases of this kind, advises the other departments concerned, so that proper action may be taken, all pass irregularities being brought to the attention of the vice-presi- dent. Chicago Terminal. During May the following gatekeepers lifted card passes on account of being in im- proper hands : J. J. Powers and A. H. Van- dewater. Illinois Division. Conductor D. S. Wiegel on train No. 10, May 9, declined to honor going portion of card ticket on account of returning portion being missing and collected cash fare. Pas- senger was referred to passenger department for refund on ticket. On train No. 1, May 27, he declined to honor card ticket on account of having ex- pired and collected cash fare. Passenger was referred to passenger department for refund on ticket. Conductor F. A. Hitz on train No. 17, May 18, lifted annual pass on account of having expired. Passenger refused to pay fare and was required to leave the train. Conductor F. L. Brown on train No. 18, May 21, lifted employe's term pass on ac- count of passenger not being provided with identification slip, Form 1572, and collected cash fare. St. Louis Division. Conductor J. H. Lewis on train No. 1, May 28, lifted employe's term pass and -iden- tification slip .on account of identification slip being improperly issued and collected cash fare. Mississippi Division. Conductor O. A. Harrison on train No. 33, May 2, lifted monthly commutation ticket on account of having expired and collected cash fare. Conductor F. J. Hines on train No. 23, May 25, declined to honor card ticket on account of having expired and collected cash fare. Passenger was referred to passenger depart- ment for refund on ticket. Louisiana Division. Conductor M. Kennedy on train No. 331, May 3, declined to honor mileage book on account of having expired and collected cash fare. Conductor Wm. Trafton on train No. 6, May 4, lifted trip pass on account of being in improper hands and collected cash fare. Conductor R. E. Mclnturff on train No. 24, May 7, lifted mileage books on account of being in improper hands and collected cash fare. Memphis Division. Conductor W. A. Ingram on train No. 17, May 14, lifted mileage book on account of being in improper hands and collected cash fare. Illinois Division. Brakeman E. H. Metzger has been com- mended for his co-operation in firing en- gine 1672, June 5. Agent A. A. Buckley of Graymont has been commended for discovering and re- porting brake rigging dragging in car while passing his station, train 442, May 31. Train was stopped in order that re- pairs could be made, thereby removing possible cause of an accident. Mrs. Daisy M. Emery, Gate Woman, 67th Street, Chicago, 111., has been commend- ed for discovering and extinguishing fire in trestle at 67th Street, June 21. Switchman S. G. Tyler has been com- mended for discovering and reporting I. C. 15607 with broken wheel tread. This ac- tion undoubtedly prevented possible acci- dent. Conductor W. H. Whelan has been com- mended for discovering and reporting sand board hanger broken on C. M. & St. P. 101142. This action undoubtedly prevent- ed possible accident. Conductor J. W. Knee has been com- mended for * discovering and reporting broken rail in passing track at Gilman. This action undoubtedly prevented possible accident. Section Foreman P. Mason has been commended for flagging extra 159G at Askum, April 16, account of brake beam dragging. Train was stopped and repairs made, thereby preventing possible accident. Engine Foreman C. T. Smith, Fordham, has been commended for discovering a piece of broken flange in north end of B yard. Search was made and yardmaster found M. P. car 65406 with piece of flange gone. Car was placed on repair track. This action undoubtedly prevented possible accident. Mr. F. E. Dubridge has been commended for action taken when he discovered C. & N. W. car 125248 on fire standing on 10 hill B. yard, June 19. Conductor J. A. Conlon has been com- mended for discovering and reporting broken rail south of 103rd street, track 6, June 6, extra 1778 north. This action un- doubtedly prevented possible accident. 91 92 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Minnesota Division. Carpenter C. A. Collins has been com- mended for discovering and reporting brake rigging dragging under a car in train No. 60 at East Dubuque. Train was stopped and adjustment made, thereby preventing possible accident. Springfield Division. Engineer J. Hamilton, Clinton, 111., extra 1592, May 30, has been commended for dis- covering door open on refrigerator car at Divernon. Door was closed, thereby pre- venting possible personal injury. Brakeman J. F. Ingram, Clinton, 111., has been commended for firing engine, extra 1552, 'May 18, from Shop Creek to Clinton, when fireman was taken sick. This action prevented delay to extra until another fire- man could be obtained. Conductor C. S. Steter, Clinton, 111., has been commended for assisting crew, trail 1st No. 152, engine 1541, May 19, account of broken journal forward truck St. L. & S. W. car 40103, three miles south of Pana. Engineer F. Mallady and Conductor Thomas Clifford have been commended for discovering -and reporting broken rail, main track while pulling through passing track at Walker, June 21. This action undoubt- edly prevented possible accident. Conductor T. J. McLaughlin has been commended for firing engine on second 152, June 16, Pana to Decatur, when fireman and head brakeman had both given out. Conductor W. C. Harris, Clinton, 111., has been commended for firing engine on extra 1552 south May 31 from E. Grand Avenue to East St. Louis when fireman was taken sick. This action prevented serious delay to trjin until another fireman could be furnished. Division News Indiana Division On June 14th, ceremonies were held at Mattoon, Indianapolis, Evansville and Pal- estine Shops, in celebration of Flag Day, a prescribed program being carried out singing, speaking, etc. Work was suspend- ed while the office and shop employes with their families and friends present witnessed the flag raising and enjoyed the patriotic speeches and songs. Word has been received from Clarence Plummer of Master Mechanic Bell's of- fice, of his safe arrival on "the other side." Our sympathy extended to the wife and friends of Conductor A. R. Patterson who died June 7th of blood poisoning. Mr. Pat- terson was Local Chairman of the Conduct- ors, Mattoon-Peoria District, Indian Di- vision. Misses Norinne and Bernadette Quinn, clerks at Mattoon, went to Camp Grant. Rockford, 111., June 2>2nd to visit their brothers who are in training there. Chief Accountant A. C. Wilcox has re- turned from St. Petersburg, Fla., after a two weeks' stay. H. F. ^ Runge, Gen. Foreman, Mattoon shops, with his family is spending vacation visiting relatives in Paducah, Ky. J. N. Hardwick, Accountant in Storekeep- ers office, Mattoon, and family, have gone to Osawatomic, Kans., for a two months' visit account M. Hardwick's poor health. F. L. Kennedy from Waterloo, la., is re- lieving Mr. Hardwick. Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Louder have re- turned from a several weeks' trip in Mis- sissippi. Robert Laden and family have returned from a visit with his father, Superintendent Laden, in Rockford. Conductor O'Dea has returned to work after a few days' vacation. Miss Florence McShane has returned from a visit in Chicago. She is stenog- rapher in the office of superintendent. Conductor J. W. Knight is enjoying a few days' vacation. A new time card went into effect on the Indiana Division on July 1st. Brakeman H. E. Nooe and wife have re- turned from a several days' visit with rela- tives in Olney. Conductor A. R. Patterson, one of this division's oldest conductors, died in the Hospital in Chicago a few days ago. Brakeman Akers has given up the Pales- tine run and returned to service out of Mattoon with Conductor Fitch. A. C. Wilcox, chief clerk in the superin- tendent's office, has returned from a trip to Florida. Conductor E. M. Thomas has been elect- ed chairman of the Grievance Committee for the canductors of this division. Mr. and Mrs. M. W. Hamilton are visit- ing with relatives in Ramsey. Wisconsin Division W. E. Redman, chief clerk to roadmaster, spent two days at Decatur, looking over the condition of the crops. Mr. R. L. Guensler, clerk in superintend- ent's office was transferred April 24th to general superintendent's office at Waterloo. We all miss Roy. Nat Morris has resigned his position as clerk in superintendent's office. The vac- ancy caused by Mr. Morris' resignation filled by M. Beck, formerly of chief dis- patcher's office, Edward Cahill taking Mr. Beck's place. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 93 Vacancy caused by J. S. Merlyn's resig- nation as chief accountant Wisconsin di- vision, has been filled by the appointment of Graydon V. Powell. We are glad to report that Traveling En- gineer Hinton is again on his feet and will soon be in shape to get into service. Mr. L. S. Taylor who has been off sev- eral months account of illness returned to work on June 3rd. We are glad to have Lou with us again. Assistant Engineer Swartz received his commission as Lieutenant, and received word to report at Camp Oglethorpe, Ga., May 20th. A week later Rodman Ardern was drafted. This is the third time that our engineering corps has been completely wiped out since war was declared. We hope that they will allow Heath to remain with us. Dispatcher F. A. Schillinger left on June 3rd for a fishing trip in the north. He will probably get "back" but that's about all. Traveling Auditor A. T. Cox is going over division accounts. We received a very interesting letter from Serg. Lloyd B. Gray, formerly tonnage clerk, from "over there." Lloyd writes a very interesting letter and we all enjoy them. He likes the country over there but says in his opinion it is not like "Home, Sweet Home." Chief Dispatcher Richards is in receipt of a very interesting letter from "over there" from former Dispatcher George Cox. George seems to have a hard time getting accus- tomed to railroading in that country, but he is made of the right stuff to keep the trains moving. Marion Patterson, clerk in freight agent's office at Freeport, has been transferred to Waterloo, Iowa, having accepted position in freight agent's office at that point. Three hundred and ninety loads a day out of a terminal over a single track railroad, we say, is some record. The boys on the "gruber" put it over in May, but then, they delight in going "over the top" for any good cause. Supervisor J. Pierce was a very loyal worker in the sale of Liberty Bonds on the division. He canvassed all his section and extra gangs and did effective work. He was handicapped to some extent by the reason that he did not have a supply of Third Liberty Loan buttons. In April we reported the illness of one of the clerks in the freight office at Freeport, who was indisposd because of the mumps. Little did we think that anyone in Prince- ton, Ky., would suffer with the same dis- ease, but apparently misery loves company, for Marion was remembered by the "com- pany" from Princeton. The only part that hurts is that the reporter was not remem- bered when she heard from Princeton. The following is reported as happening to one of the through crews. We have not been able to learn that identity of the conductor or the flagman, as we get the story, it happened west of Freeport. A steer was on the track and the train was brought to a stop and conductor when determining the cause of the stop, instruct- ed the flagman to go ahead and drive the animal off the waylands. The flagman com- plied, but made the mistake of taking a red flag with him. The animal left the waylands, but was not driven. He was fol- lowing. W. E. Redman, chief clerk to Roadmaster Boland, has been transferred to the Valua- tion Department, Chicago. All the em- ployes in the office wish "Wild Bill" well. Bill's place has been taken care of by the appointment of Frank Redican as chief clerk, the assistant chief clerk's position being filled by Miss Helen Sage, who has been a stenographer in the Road Depart- ment. Paul Frisbie, of the Accounting Depart- ment, has enlisted in' the Electrical Division of the Navy, reporting at the Great Lakes Naval Training station on June 18th. Registration on June 5th, apparently will cut down the division force, as we had sev- eral who registered. It is lonesome about the place. We are all -wishing for the early return of our chief dispatcher, Mr. C. O. Richards, who has taken two weeks vacation. Hotel Hayes and Ann ex PHone Hyde Park 4400 64- St. and University Av. Chicago Popular Price Family Hotel' American Plan Kates: Single $ 8 3? to $14 ^2 per weeL Doufie 16 5? to 1^ ^per weeL Four blocks from new 63 L Street depot and office building Please mention this magazine when writing to advertisers. 94 ILLINOIS . CENTRAL MAGAZINE HANG SERVICE FLAG AT THE LOCAL OFFICES. The Illinois Central division offices are decked with a service flag for this division, which has just been put up. The flag in- stead of bearing a star for each employe in service has numbers upon it stating the number gone from this division. The pres- ent number is 251. Freeport Daily Bulletin, June 5, 1918. * * * Total number of employes in the service will be changed from month to month. Figures shown on the flag now covers up to June 1, 1918. * * * Engineer Herbert Hollis passed away Saturday, May 4th, at Chicago, 111. Deceased was born in New York, Feb- ruary 7, 1858. He entered the service of this company as locomotive fireman No- vember 10, 1891, and was promoted to posi- tion of switch engineer, December 14, 1895. Funeral was held at' Chicago, a number of engineers from this division attending. Minnesota Division. Division employees at Dubuque observed Flag Day, June 14th, by giving a patriotic program. The flag recently purchased was raised and about one hundred and fifty 'em- ployes and visitors were present for the fol- lowing program : 1. Bugle call Rally to Flag Staff. 2. Flag raising music, "The Star Spangled Banner." 3. Salute to Flag (Employes join in re- peating following pledge of allegiance) : "I pledge allegiance to my Flag, and to the Re- public for which it stands. One nation in- divisible with Liberty and Justice for all." 4. "America" (In unison). 5. American's Creed (Read in unison) : "I believe in the United States of America as a Government of the people, by the people, for the people; whose just powers are de- rived from the consent of the governed ; a democracy in a republic, a sovereign nation of many sovereign States ; a perfect union, one and inseparable, established upon these prin- ciples of freedom, equality, justice and hu- manity for which American patriots sacrificed their lives and fortunes. "I therefore believe it is my duty to my country to love it ; to support its constitution, to obey its laws; to respect its flag and to de- fend it against all enemies." 6. Address By Hon. P. J. Nelson, Illinois Central local attorney. 7. Songs (in unison) "Over There" and "Keep the Home Fires Burning." * * * Conductor T. M. Joyce, wife and daughter, Miss Margaret, have returned from a trip to New York, Washington and other points in the east. The trip was made to visit with Mr. Joyce's two sons who are in United States Colonial Hoiel C325 Kenwood Tlione Vlacksione 4400 Chicago Europ ean One block from new 63- St. office building and depot.. Hayes^Bros. Vrop. , Mgr. SHOP FOREMEN Are you interested in improving your shop conditions and reducing your maintenance and labor costs? If so, write AYER & LORD TIE COMPANY RAILWAY EXCHANGE, CHICAGO for their booklet "FLOORS." Please mention this magazine when writing to advertisers. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 95 service, and who expect to leave for France in a short time. Trainmaster H. G. Duckwitz and Dispatcher J. R. Dell are spending their vacation some- where in Minnesota. We are prepared to hear some fish stories when they return. W. F. Hardy, assitant chief clerk to su- perintendent at Dubuque, has been called for service, and left for Camp Dodge, DCS Moines, la., Tuesday, June 26th. Mr. Hardy's departure brings about the following changes in the superintendent's office : O. J. Oster, formerly private secretary to superintendent, succeeds Mr. Hardy, Miss Lucile Sims takes TRADE MARKS GENUINE DAW30N5PR1NG5WATER CONCENTRATED A $1. bottle guaranteed to give satisfact- ory results in Liver, Kidney or Stomach troubles or money refunded. All genuine labels bear trade mark, photo and sig- nature of W. I. Hamby, the discoverer. Literature with Bottle. Direct or at your druggists. THE DAWSON SALTS & WATER CO. Incorporated Dawson Springs, Ky., U. S. A. TEXACO The Mark of Quality for all Petroleum Products Texaco Illuminating Oil Texaco Naphtha Texaco Gasoline Texaco Lubricating Oils and Greases for all conditions Texaco Motor Oils Texaco Engine Oils Texaco Axle Grease Texaco Railway Oils Texaco Roofing Texaco Fuel Oil Texaco Bitumens and Cements for Paving, Roofing, Waterproofing Mastic Pipe Coating Insulation THE TEXAS COMPANY HOUSTON NEW YORK Branch Offices: Boston, St. Louis, New Orleans, Denver, Philadelphia, Norfolk, Dallas, Tulsa, Chicago, Atlanta, El Paso Mr. Osier's place, Miss Edna Piltz succeeds Miss Sims, Miss Lena Lightcap, stenographer in roadmaster's office, succeeds Miss Piltz, Miss Marion Coffey succeeds Miss Lightcap, and Miss Stella Mahoney has been employed to take Miss Coffey's place. Shipped on Approval nte at once for particulars of shipments and my 48-pag-e catalog. Agents wanted to drive and demonstrate the Bush flve-Pass.,34.7 H. Pr 32x3% tlret SJWSttSrtS Afreets making I era prompt. Bush i cars guaranteed X^X lI6.lnWheclbase\SX ' djH Bulk' Dfilco Ignition-Elect. Stg. & LteT"^ Prea. Dept. G-30 Bl'SlI moiou COMPAQ, Bush Temple, Chicago, Illinois Be Certain It h National Waste Avoid Troubles NATIONAL WASTE CO. Chicago - Philadelphia F. C. Huntington, Supt Northern Pacific Ry. Co. Dilworth, Minn., says of the MONROE CALCULATING MACHINE "I find the time consumed in figuring the average rates in the time book with the use of the Monroe is reduced 75 per cent." Book of Facts on Request. MONROE CALCULATING MACHINE COMPANY Henry H. Doty, Central Division Mgr. 330 W. Monroe Street, Chicago General Offices : Woolworth Building, New York. Please mention this magazine when writing to advertisers. 96 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Ctias, R, Long Jr, Co, Railway, Station and Bridge Paint 622 to 630 East Main St. Louisville, Ky. PATENTS Send sketch or model for search. Highest References. Beat Results. Promptness Assured. Watson E. Coleman, Patent Lawyer 24 F Street N. W.. Washington. D. C. Cast Steel Buckeye Truck Frames, Truck Bolsters, Body Bolsters, Draft Yokes, "D" Couplers, Major Couplers, Coupler Repair Parts in Stock. THE BUCKEYE STEEL CASTINGS COMPANY Works and Main Office : COLUMBUS, OHIO New York Office : Chicago Office : 1274 No. SO Church St. 619 Railway Exch. Bldg. St. Paul, Minn. Office: 817 Merchants Bank Btdg. BYRON CENTER MICHIGAN R. F. D. No. 64 A Worthy CharitaWe Institution Mrs; Mary D. McKee MATRON United Supply & Manufacturing Co , Railway Exchange Chicago Wool and Cotton Wiping and Packing Waste Nuts, Bolts, Rivets, Spikes Axle* American Rail Leader Niles-Bement-Pond Co. Ill Broadway, New YorK McCormicK Bldg'., Chicago COMPLETE EQUIPMENT For Locomotive and Repair Shops NILRS RAILWAY MACHINE TOOLS MILES CRANES BEMENT HAMMERS PRATT & WHITNEY SMALL TOOLS AND GAUGES Please mention this magazine when writing to advertisers. ENTRAL MAGAZINE Relief for Sensitive Feet Mayer Honorbilt Cushion Shoes relieve tender, sensitive, tired feet. They give solid comfort and complete satis- faction. Warm in winter, cool in summer. Honorbilt Cushion SHOES Note substantial construction. Cushion sole Is tufted to leather insole, making one inseparable unit cannot work up in ridges, crease or slip out of place. Patent applied for. Most practical and comfortable cushion shoe made and right up-to-date in style. CAUTION Be sure to get the genuine Mayer Honorbilt Cushion Shoe look for the name Mayer and trademark stamped in the sole. We make Honorbilt Shoes for men, women and children; Mar- tha Washington Comfort Shoes and Dry-Sox wet weather shoes. If your dealer does not carry them, write us and we will see that you are supplied. F.Mayer Boot & Shoe Co. > Milwaukee. Wis. /V w Extra Strong % Steel Shank Solid Oak Tanned He: I Soft Quilted Felt Sole Solid Oak Solid OaKTanncd Insole Tanned Outer Sole Inside Cork FilliniJ^tikhed Through Inner Sole and Fastened Underneath KERITE Insulated Wires and Cable Be guided by facts, not theo- ries by performance records, not claims by experience, not prophecy. Every consid- eration points straight to KERITE for permanently satisfactory and economical service. 185O KERITE NEW YORK 1918 COMPANY CHICAGO NATHAN BULL'S EYE LUBRICATOR A new type that may be safely relied upon under all conditions of mod locomotive service. em The cew form of "DISC" glass is unbreakable so far as human agency can provide. Danger to engmemen and delays to trains, resulting from break- age, has been practically eliminated. Every lubricator conforms to our high standard of material and workmanship and is subjected to tests of extreme severity before shipment. Descriptive Catalogue on Request. Nathan Manufacturing Co. Injector* and Attachments Lubricators and Oiler* Engine and Boiler Fitting* 85-93 Liberty St., NEW YORK Western Office: 1612 Old Colony Bldg., Chicago Please mention this magazine when writing to advertisers. CONTENTS R. E. Kimbell Frontispiece. United States Railroad Administration Circular No. 64 .................................................................................. 9 Circular No. 42 .................................................................................. 10 United States Food Administration, Washington, D. C., Maxi- mum Canning with Minimum Sugar ........................................ 12 Obituary Samuel Grantham Hatch ................................................ 14 Public Opinion .......................................................................................... 17 Military Department Letter from France .......................................................................... 20 Letter from D. L. Hall.: ................................................................ 23 Ten Commandments of the United States are Made Public .......................................................................................... 27 A Woman Tells Whose War It Is ..................................... - ....... 27 McAdoo .............................................................................................. 28 Son of I. C. Railway Dispatcher Writes Home of Voyage to France .................................................................................... 29 Tribute to Our Soldiers ........................................................ .......... 30 Windy City Echo .............................................................................. 31 Kankakee, 111 ................................................................ , ............................ 37 Passenger Traffic Department .............................................................. 47 Safety First ......................... . ...................................................................... 56 Freight Traffic Department A Brief Glance at the Coal Situation ........................................ 58 Transportation Department Minutes of Meeting Held at McComb, Miss., 2 P. M., May 12, 1918 ................................................................................ 61 Law Department Commerce Decisions ...................................................................... 67 Claims Department ......................................................................... ......... 69 Mechanical Department ........................................................................ 76 Claim Committee Recommendations ............................... . .................. 79 Hospital Department ....................... . .................................................... 81 Contributions from Employes Stop, Look and Listen .................................................................... 84 "Doing Your Bit" .............................................................................. 85 A Plea for Shop Bands .................................................................... 87 "I Will Spirit" .................................................................................... 87 Uncle Sam in the War .................................................................... 88 Nil Desperandum ............................................................................ 88 A Glance Around the Tool Room .............................................. 89 Roll of Honor ................................................................................... _ ....... 90 Meritorious Service ................................................................................ 92 Division News .......................................................................................... 95 Published, monthly by the Illinois Centra interest of the Company and its . 12,. Co.. in the Employes Advertisinc) Rates on Application Office 1201 Michigan Av. Telephone Wafask 2200 Chicago Local 33 ... 15 $ per copy, $13? per year R. E. KIMBELL Mr. Kimbell began railroad work in 1886 as a junior clerk in the auditor's office of the St. Louis-Arkansas & Texas Ry., now the St. Louis-Southwest- ern Railway Co. He filled various clerkships, was Traveling Auditor, Chief Clerk Freight Accounts, Chief Clerk Accounting Department, until December, 1902, when he was made Assistant General Auditor of that road, from which position he was promoted to that of Assistant to President on May 1, 1914. On August 1, 1916, Mr. Kimbell was appointed Assistant to First Vice Presi- dent of the St. Louis-Southwestern Railway and on December 1, 1916, he was placed in charge of valuation matters for that company, from which work he retired March 15, 1918, to accept the position of Assistant Comptroller with the Illinois Central and Y. & M. V. Railroads. In addition to the above positions, Mr. Kimbell was appointed Auditor of the Memphis Union Station Company in December, 1909, and Auditor of the Arkansas and Memphis Railway Bridge and Terminal Company in November, 1916, which positions he held until he severed his connection with the St. Louis-Southwestern lines to enter the service of the Illinois Central lines. ILLINOIS CENTRAL Magazine Vol. 7 AUGUST, 1918 No. 2 United States Railroad Administration W. G. McAdoo, Director General Hale Holden, 547 West Jackson Boulevard Regional Director Chicago, 111. CENTRAL WESTERN REGION TO CENTRAL WESTERN RAILROADS: July 22, 1918. CIRCULAR No. 64 STANDARD FORMS FOR STATIONERY AND DOCUMENTS It is desired to immediately adapt all forms of stationery used in connec- tion with railroad operation to conform to conditions which now exist under Federal control, without incurring undue expense or failing to utilize any existing stationery. You will therefore please arrange to have stamped or printed, as may be found most economical, upon all existing stationery in use on lines under your management, in such manner as to make it clear that i't is in- tended to eliminate the name of the corporation and yet maintain the iden- tity of the property, a heading in the following form, to-wit : "UNITED STATES RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION W. G. McAdoo, Director General of Railroads, North and South Railroad." It is important that the foregoing heading be so applied, if that be pos- sible, that no suggestion will be conveyed that the channels of ordinary business procedure are being changed. It is important that routine busi- ness be not diverted through the administrative offices at Washington. The names of local officers, local office addresses, etc., are not to be eliminated. This is to apply to envelopes, letterheads, payrolls, expense bills, vou- chers, bills, and all forms of stationery upon which communications are writ- ten or statements are made which carry a printed or stamped heading, or on which the name of the railroad company appears. Tickets and. baggage checks are excepted, and are covered by special instructions below. All new tariffs, circulars, notices, or announcements hereafter issued and envelopes letterheads and similar stationery henceforth provided shall carry a head- ing of the character described above. Bills of lading and other documents which, when executed, constitute con- tracts of the Director General should be stamped United States Railroad Administration W. G. McAdoo, Director General of Railroads North and South Railroad The above is to be regarded as substituted for the name of the 10 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE North and South Railroad Company where the same appears in this document. On account of the prospective changes in all accounting forms, as well as in bills of lading and other documents which when executed constitute contracts, it is not practicable at this time to issue final instructions as to the forms to be used. Therefore, until further advised, the use of exist- ing forms shall be continued with the modification above directed, but such forms shall not be reprinted in quantities estimated to be sufficient to last longer than six months from August 15, 1918. A reasonable sup- ply of forms of contracts which produce a change in status which would in some cases continue beyond Federal control, such as leases and side track contracts, may be retained unstamped, to provide for cases likely to arise within six months of August 15, 1918, in which the duration of the contract would be sufficient to possibly extend beyond Federal control. This will provide forms for execution by the corporation with the consent of the Federal Manager in such cases. By reason of the fact that bills of lading are distributed generally among shippers and frequently privately printed by the shippers, notice should be given to all shippers and particularly those known to agents as using private forms of bills of lading, that on and after August 15, no bill of lading will be executed by the carrier, unless stamped or printed as directed above. As to passenger tickets and baggage checks, the existing forms may be used. New standard forms will be authorized and when available will be used in replenishing stock. The required change can probably be most economically effected by transmitting stationery to central points, stamping or printing the same there and redistributing it. If it seems most economical to accomplish the change in the stock at small stations by the use of rubber stamps, it is suggested that stamps be forwarded from station to station on each di- vision under the direction of the Division Officers, to avoid an unnecessary number of stamps. Arrangements should be made to have the stamped stationery put in universal use by August 15, 1918. HALE HOLDEN, Lists l-la-2 Regional Director. UNITED STATES RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION Office of Director General. CIRCULAR NO. 43 Washington, July 17, 1918. To officers and employes of railroad under Federal control : A large number of railroad men, by the purchase of Liberty bonds, are now holding an investment security for the first time. A large majority of the bonds so held are coupon bonds. Coupon bonds must be carefully guarded against loss or theft. They are payable to bearer. If they are lost, payment of them cannot be stopped, and they cannot be replaced by the Treasury De- partment. Coupon bonds are suitable for investors who possess safe-deposit boxes. Registered bonds are provided to meet the needs of persons who have no safe places of deposit. Registered bonds are issued in the name of the owner, which appears on the face. The interest is paid by United States check, drawn to the order ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 11 of the owner, and sent him by mail. If a registered bond is stolen, the thief cannot use it except by forgery, and the payment of the bond or the interest checks may be stopped. The bond itself may be replaced on proof of loss and if proper security is given. Registered bonds are the best suited for the great majority of railroad men. The number of coupon bonds outstanding in the hands of railroad men, many of them kept, doubtless, in places affording no real security, is such a vast aggregate amount that it causes serious concern. This is a wholly unnecessary risk. The Director General of Railroads therefore strongly advises that you REGISTER YOUR LIBERTY BONDS. Officials of all railroads under Federal control are requested to give all information and assistance within their power to employes desiring to reg- ister their Liberty Bonds. Directions appear on the reverse side of this circular, not only for register- ing your Liebrty Bonds, but also for converting 3^ per cent Bonds and 4 per cent Bonds into Bonds paying 4% per cent interest. W. G. McADOO, Director General of Railroads. DIRECTIONS FOR REGISTRATION AND CONVERSION Registration In order to register a coupon bond, the simplest way is to consult a reputa- ble local banker; otherwise, a letter to the Secretary of the Treasury (Di- vision of Loans and Currency), Washington, will get you "Form 1031," which will contain blank spaces for all the information which the Treasury Department needs to issue the registered bond in your name. The coupon bond must then be forwarded with this blank to the Secretary of the Treas- ury (Division of Loans and Currency), Washington, or to any Federal Re- serve Bank, by express, at its declared value, or in any other way protecting the owner against possible loss. The Treasury Department makes no charge whatsoever for registering bonds. The registered bond will be delivered to the owner by registered mail, without expense. Conversion If the coupon bond to be exchanged for a registered bond is a 3^ or 4 per rent bond, it may be converted (until Nov. 9, next) into a 4% per cent bond, at the same time that it is forwarded for registration. This may be done through the banker also. The Secretary of the Treasury (Division of Loans and Currency) will send, on request, "Form L. & C. 25." This form contains +he request for conversion on the face, and, on the back, under "No. 1," the request to register the bond ; so that the whole transaction (both conversion and registration) may be handled on the one form. Hence, if you merely want to register, ask for "Form 1031" ; if you wish to both register and to convert into bonds bearing the higher interest rate, ask for "Form L. C. 25." If the bonds to be converted are the First Loan 3^ per cent bonds, the dates of payment of interest are such that the United States must be paid the difference between 3% and 4 1 / 4 per cent from June 15 to the date of payment. The bondholder gets this money back on December 15, because the interest payable on that date is at the rate of 414 per cent from June 15. The amount of the interest adjustment in this special case of the 3^ per cent bonds will be shown in a table that the Treasury Department will furnish on request (Interest Table No. 4). For example, on a $100 bond converted on July 12 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 15, he would have to pay six cents. The money may be paid by post office or express money order, payable to the order of "Treasurer of the United States, Second Conversion Account." No payment is necessary if 3^ per cent bonds are merely to be registered without converting into 4*4 per cent bonds. The Treasury Department issues detailed regulations covering registration and conversion of bonds, known as Circulars No. 100 and No. 114, which may be had, on request, from the Treasury Department or Federal Reserve Banks. Registered Liberty Bonds which have been issued in exchange for coupon bonds may be re-exchanged for coupon bonds at any time. Bonds once converted into bonds of a higher interest rate can not be reconverted. United States Food Administration, Washington, D.G "Maximum Canning with Minimum Sugar" The loss of sugar and sugar ships by German submarines, a shorter crop than was anticipated, and the transfer of 50,000 tons of shipping allocated to other purposes in order to meet the requirements for Belgian relief have caused the sugar situation again to be- come serious. Sugar now available for home canning must be sold only in accordance with instructions of the local representative of the Federal Food Administration. In order to as- sist in making the amount of sugar which is allowed to go as far as possi- ble, the Food Administration is issuing this leaflet, "Maximum Canning with Minimum Sugar." The numbered ref- erences therein are to the Farmers' Bulletins issued by the United States iDepartment of Agriculture, which may be obtained from that department. It is hoped that with the aid of this leaflet and the Farmers' Bulletin, it may be possible for a household to use even less than its allowance of sugar in canning and preserving, with- out reducing its home canning prog- ress. The modern air-tight container and the development of scientific canning methods in the home have done away with the absolute necessity of using sugar as a preservative. (Note : All references given are to the Farmers' Bulletins issued by the United States Department of Agri- culture which may be secured from that department.) Fruits A. Without sugar. 1. Acid fruit juices can be neutral- ized with carbonate of lime, sterilized, bottled without sugar. (Bulletin 859, P. 5.) 2. Fruit juice can be sterilized with- out sugar, bottled and used for jelly making when sugar is more plentiful. (Bulletins 839, p., 21, and 853, p. 18.) Both of the above can be used as beverages, flavoring, in puddings and in ice cream. '*1 3. Home made apple syrup. (Bul- letin 839, p. 21, or Circular N. R. 23.) 4. Every fruit can be completely and successfully sterilized with boiling water by increasing time of cooking, that is processing. Sugar may be add- ed when served if desired. (Bulletin 839, p. 15.) Used in salads, desserts, pie filling, etc. 5. Fruit butters. A tart butter is made without sugar. Sugar may be added when served if desired. (Bul- letin 853, p. 28, and Bulletin 900.) 6. Drying of fruit will save sugar. (Bulletin 984.) B. With Sugar. Pectin test. (Bulletin 853, p. 37.) 1. Jelly. After cooling the cooked ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 13 fruit juice to room temperature, test it to determine the amount of pectin present. This test gives some idea of the proper proportion of sugar to juice. Add 1 tablespoon 95 per cent grain al- cohol to an equal volume of cooled fruit juice and shake gently. (If de- natured alcohol is used, remember it is poison.) The effect of the alcohol is to bring together the pectin in a jellylike mass. If a large quantity of pectin is present, it will appear in one mass or clot when poured from the glass. This indicates that equal quan- tities of sugar and juice may be used. If the pectin does not slip from the glass in one mass, less sugar will be required. The material used in this test should be destroyed. Ai fair proportion is three-fourths cup of sugar to 1 cup of juice. If the pectin is thin and much separated, one- half cup of sugar allowed for each cup of juice will be sufficient. By employ- ing this test sugar can often be re- duced; in this case the jelly texture will be fine, less rubbery, and the flavor better. 2. Preserved fruits. The preserva- tion of fruits without sugar is a com- mon household practice and depends upon accurate following of the method (see A. 4). Excess sugar will fre- quently form crystals and impair the appearance and quality of the product. A thin syrup made with 4 parts water to 1 part sugar may be used for all fruits. If more sugar is desired it can be added at time of use, either on the table or in general cookery. 3. Jam and marmalade. These re- quire a larger amount of sugar than canned fruits and are used for special rather than general purposes. If made, use less sugar than "half and half" and cook longer. 4. Sweet pickle, watermelon rind pickle, etc. These require a large amount of sugar on account of the presence of vinegar. Except for the sugar they would have no more food value than pickles. They could well be omitted this year. Note : Canning without sugar will give good results provided that the time of cooking with sugar is about doubled. Avoid the Use of Sugar 1. Can vegetables freely; these re- quire no sugar. (Bulletins 839 and 853.) 2. Encourage drying of fruits and vegetables. (Home Bulletin 984, Com- munity Bulletins 903 and 916.) 3. Storage of fresh fruits, such as apples, winter pears and quinces, in -a cool cellar, saves sugar. THE FOLLOWING TELEGRAM WAS RECEIVED FROM MR. F. C. TOUBERT, MANAGER, DIVISION OF TRANSPORTATION, U. S. SHIPPING BOARD EMERGENCY FLEET CORPORATION: "In view of the important part played by the carriers of the United States in making possible the prompt transportation of shipbuilding materials and the wonderful achievement of launching so many vessels on Independence Day, please convey to each railroad employe the hearty thanks of the Trans- portation Department of the U. S. Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corpo- ration. No class of individuals' efforts have been more vitally necessary or more loyally and patriotically manifested that have those of the railroad fraternity. Each ship is a message of defiance to the German Government and a demonstration of the unity of purpose and determination of the Ameri- can people to destroy Kaiserism. We want every railroad man, whether trackman or official, to realize that without their hearty support, which they have so cheerfully given, it would not be possible to answer so fully and gloriously the cry for ships ; more ships." SAMUEL GRANTHAM HATCH Samuel Grantham Hatch A S briefly announced in our July "^ number, Mr. Samuel G. Hatch, Passenger Traffic Manager, passed away while conversing with General Passen- ger Agent Phelps in the latter's office at about 11 A. ML, Friday, July 12th; the cause of his death being heart trouble. The Illinois Central and The Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad com- panies, that Mr. Hatch so ably repre- sented, have lost a thoughtful and effi- cient official ; those of the Passenger Traffic Department, over -whom he had jurisdiction, have lost one who was ever kindly and considerate in his offi- cial relations with them. Finally, his loss will be felt among his professional acquaintances the country over, for such was his railroad experience that he was favorably known throughout the entire railroad fraternity; and among his wide circle of such acquaint- ances his genial personal characteristics coupled with his wealth of railroad knowledge made him a well liked man, both professionally and individually. Mr. Hatch was born March 22, 1865, at St. Louis. He entered the railroad service in 1880 as a clerk in the Gen- eral Passenger Department of the St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Ry., and from June, 1882, until 1885 he was ticket agent at Keokuk, Iowa, of that same road and of the Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy. From Keokuk he went to St. Louis to become Traveling Pas- senger Agent for the St. Louis, Ar- kansas & Texas, now St. Louis and Southwestern (Cotton Belt Route), which position he held from November, 1888, to January, 1890. The following two years and more, from January 1, 1890, to September 1, 1892, he was District Passenger Agent of the same road at Louisville, Ky., following which he became the Chief Clerk of its General Passenger Department at St. Louis. He held that position until March 1, 1895, at which time he left the service of the Cotton Belt and be- came District Passenger and Ticket Agent at Memphis, Tenn,. of the Chesapeake & Ohio Southwestern Ry. He remained in that position until January 1, 1896, on which date he be- came the General Passenger Agent, with headquarters at Louisville, of that road. The latter having become ab- sorbed by the Illinois Central, on Aug- ust 1st, of the same year, 1896, My. Hatch became Division Passenger Agent at Cincinnati, Ohio, for the Central, remaining in that city in such capacity until April 1, 1900, at which time he became Assistant General Passenger Agent, with headquarters at Chicago, of the Illinois Central. In this capac- ity his acquaintance with the country and with railroad men broadened very rapidly, as for the next five years he traveled constantly over all parts of the country in the prosecution of his professional duties. Five years later, in 1905, he was made General Passen- ger Arrent of the Illinois Central and of the Yazoo & Mississippi Vallev. and on March 1, 1911. became Passenger Traffic Manager of the two roads. Mr. Hatch was a MJason and an Elk, and was also a member of the Chicago Athletic Association, the South Shore Country Club, the Flossmoor Country Club and the Olympia Fields Country Club. In this connection it may be stated that he was a director of the Athletic Association for four consecu- tive years, was vice-president of the South Shore Country Club for a year, and was chairman of the House Com- mittee and a member of other prom- inent committees from time to time, of the latter club. He was also at one time president of the American Asso- ciation of General Passenger and Tick- 16 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE et Agents, now the American Asso- ciation of Passenger Traffic Officers. Mr. Hatch leaves a widow and two little daughters, the latter aged two and a half and four and a half years re- spectively ; he also leaves a son of 11 years of age by a former wife. Among others, the following resolu- tions adopted at Atlanta, on the 17th, on the death of Mr. Hatch by Passen- ger Traffic Managers and General Pas-, senger Agents of Southern Lines arc quoted as being appropriate in connec- tion with this appreciation. SAMUEL G. HATCH "His associates who remain find dif- ficulty in giving expression to sorrow at the loss of their friend and colleague, Samuel Grantham Hatch, because his strong character had made such an impress upon their memory as to keep alive with them always the spirit of good fellowship and good sense which were the predominant elements of his character as a man of extraordinary business and social accomplishments. Having chosen his life's work in the field of transportation, and performing with eminent success the important duties as a railroad official extending over a long period of years, in the ca- pacity of general passenger agent and passenger traffic manager of the Illi- nois Central Railroad, as president of the American Association of Passen-_ gcr Traffic Officers, and as a member of the Southern Passenger Traffic Com- mittee, he is distinctly missed among his business associates. The representatives of all the rail- roads in the South, assembled this 17th dav of July, 1918, at Atlanta, Georgia, being deeply affected by the said cir- cumstances of his death at Chicaeo on Friday, Jrly 12th, 1918. join in expres- sions of sincere sympathy and condol- ence to his wife and members of his family." LETTER COMPLIMENTARY TO CONDUCTOR RICHMOND AND FLAGMAN GROVER AND ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY SUPERINTENDENT ROTH Decatur, 111., March 23, 1918. Mr. H. J. Roth, Superintendent, Illinois Central Railroad, Mattoon, 111. Dear Sir: I am connected with a chain of very successful theatres and we have built this suc- cess upon courtesy and service. We are very grateful whenever our patrons report the actions of any of our force, whether they be good or bad, as in that way we can better build a real service and courtesy machine. I do a great deal of traveling and feel it my duty to report to you Conductor Rich- mond and Flagman Grover handling the train out of Peoria for Mattoon every morn- ing. These two men deserve the highest praise for the way they promote courtesy and service in the interest of your company. I take great pleasure in recommending men of this calibre and hope you receive same in the same way. I am Very sincerely yours, J. A. Carrier, Manager Carrier Amusement Co. Mattoon, 111., March 25, 1918. Mr. T. A. Carrier, Mgr., Avon Theatre, Decatur, 111. Dear Sir: Beg to acknowledge receipt of your letter March 23rd, and note what you say about our Conductor Richmond and Flagman Grover. It is the great desire of the management of the Illinois Central that all of our em- ployes, in addition to being efficient, are courteous and obliging to our natrons, and it certainly is pleasing to receive such a letter as yours, and I assure you that I will send it to our General Superintendent, Mr. Downs. Sincerely yours. J. H. Roth. Superintendent. LIC 9PIN19N What the World think * I THE AMBULANCE CHASER In large cities there is a class of lawyers known to the fraternity as "ambulance chasers." These are men who go into the legal business and find clients too few and fees too meager to meet their desires. Business does not come with a mere invitation so they find it necessary from their point of view to go out and get business. The usual plan of these fellows is to scan the columns of newspapers for ac- counts of accidents. If an employe of some street railway company or some steam railroad or large corporate con- cern is injured they can be reasonably sure that by the time they have reached their home or a hospital that some of these impecunious lawyers will be on their trail with a proposal to sue the corporation for heavy damages. These cases are nearly always based on con- tingencies. The lawyer may get a nominal fee to cover cost of starting proceedings. But in most cases he se- cures contract with the employe to handle the case on a fifty-fifty split of any amount which the jury and the court may determine. Because of persistent activity on these lines the lawyers who engage in this sort of business gain the cog- nomen, "ambulance chasers." Courts and lawyers everywhere appreciate the fact that in a considerable percent- age of these cases the law and evi- dence cut little figure. The factors that count are prejudice of men from whom jurors are chosen against cor- porations, sympathy of these men for the injured individual and his depend- ents. The "chaser" lawyer aims to keep within the lines of the law. He observes the forms prescribed by the courts. But all the while he is play- ing between the lines to the prejudice and sympathies of the juries. Every railway in the country and most of the big corporations pay out every year large sums of money in settlement of claims which in truth have little merit and less in the way of legal status because it is less expensive to pay an unjust claim than it is to go up against the chance that a jury prej- udiced against corporations will return . a verdict for the plaintiff out of all pro- portion to the equities of the case. Secretary McAdoo has taken cogni- zance of this situation. He is a man of experience. He knows the legal gentry classified as "ambulance chas- ers." He has stated that a verdict against the railroads now is a verdict against the government of the United States. He has intimated that so far as he is concerned the day of the am- bulance chaser is done. While he is in charge of the railways claims will be taken up and adjusted equitably without recourse to the courts. And if some of these persistent 'contingent fee lawyers get too busy and too in- sistent on poking their clammy claws- into this line of legal business it may mean disbarment proceedings. It is generally conceded among lawyers themselves that there has been in the past too little activity in this direction. If Mr. McAdoo shall succeed in free- 18 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE ing the railways of the expense an- nually mulcted from them by the con- tingent fee legal sharks he will in large measure have justified government control if nothing else appears on the credit side of the ledger. Editorial, Council Bluffs (Iowa) Nonpareil, June 13, 1918. A WAR BENEFIT The war has brought suffering and sorrow to the world; but it has also brought benefits. In Mississippi, and every other state in the union, it has killed the chances of the personal injury lawyer to be- come rich at the expense of the rail- roads. Nowhere in the country did the per- sonal injury graft flourish as in Missis- sippi. Some of the best-known attor- neys in the state made their fortunes from such suits. Juries, always ready to "soak" th.e corporations, never hesitated to award maximum amounts in such cases, re- gardless of the justice in the matter, and the law.yers, on the fifty-ififty basis, got the most of the proceeds. Did a man who was hopelessly crip- pled win a suit for $50,000, his law- yers got $25,000. But they won't repeat these per- formances while Mr. MtAdoo is run- ing the railroads of the country. Per- sonal injury suits are rapidly going out of style, anyway. Juries that never hesitated to give judgments against corporations take some thought over giving a judgment against the United States government. Elsewhere in this issue Director- General McAdoo's statement upon this point is published. It says the fifty- fifty contract will be ignored in all cases. In other words, if an injured person is awarded a verdict of $10,000, instead of receiving $5,000 for himself and giving $5,000 to his lawyer, he would receive $5,000 and his lawyer a reasonable compensation for his serv- ices. A perfectly fair, honest, and just system this. It will hit the grafters hard. The honest lawyers won't be injured, but honest lawyers never had any part in these unethical operations, anyway. The hey-day of the personal-injury grafter has passed. It will never come again. Mississippi is slowly awaken- ing to the fact that its hostile attitude toward capital has injured the state; has seriously hindered its develop- ment. Then, too, there is hope that when the present tribe of jury-juggling cor- poration-baiting lawyers passes on, there will not be any more like them. Kept from their prey for the period of the war, they may turn their efforts into more legitimate and more honor- able paths. Editorial, Jackson (Miss.) News, June 6, 1918. IMPORTED INJURY SUITS NOT TO BE HEARD The first judicial action following the issuance of Order No. 26 by the director general of railroads took place in the Hennepin county (Minn.) dis- trict court, when a personal injury case imported from Nebraska was continued until the end of the war. The injury sustained by the plaintiff occurred last year at Center City, Neb., or about 700 miles from the court. The section of the director general's order which forbids the trial of such cases until after the period of govern- ment control aims to prevent such in- terference with efficient railroad op- eration as would result from requiring railroad officers and employes to go long distance from their work to ap- pear in court. The action of the Min- nesota court virtually removed from its calendar 150 other suits of a simi- lar character. Minnesota tribunals, and especially the courts of Hennepin county, have been a "dumping ground" r^r personal injury suits originating all over the Northwest. Railway Age, June 21, 1918. MILITARY mmm DEPARTMENT LETTER FROM FRANCE Somewhere in France, June 11, 1918. Dear Mr. Walter : Some time ago I received your letter and later the I. C. Magazines. I certainly appreciate your kindness in sending both. After finishing the mag- azines I turned them over to Dunning, Bach and Moorhead. Just a few days after receiving the magazines I had a surprise visit from the boys. They were in a detachment of another engineering organization which camped near us for about a week. We had several long visits. Gee! but it was just like seeing someone from, home. They are the first ones whom I have seen that I knew before getting in the Army. Was in a camp in central France for a while near Styles' headquarters but did not get to see him. He was out on the road both times I was in his city. Doesn't that sound just like the old days on the I. C? He is in the office of the Chief Engineer Service of Utilities, and his work is similar to that which he was doing in civil life. My work is much like that which an R. E. does on a piece of I. C. con- struction, reports and all. There is a big difference though. When the maximum grade is 4 per cent and the maximum curvature is 76 degrees and your earth moving machinery is a detail of men on the business ends of No. 2 track shovels the similarity ceases. The track comes in sections 16.4 feet (5 meters) long. The rail (16-lb.) is rivited to crimped steel plates which are the ties. These are spaced 2 feet C to C. This makes a piece of track which four men can handle and six men can handle it all day without being worn out. We have four de- grees of curve 20, 30, 50 and 100 meter radius. These are also in the 5 meter lengths. The gauge is 60 cm. ( 1 ft, 11^ in.). Henc the name "soix- ante railway." Now I suppose you have decided that we have a toy to play with. It may be small but it is no toy. It is a very important part of the lines of com- munication. Our equipment is the last word in railroad rolling stock. The gondolas are over five yards capacity and the flats are ten ton capacity. The trucks are M. C. B. standard. Exact miniatures of our standard gage at home. We have both steam and gasoline power. The gasoline tractors are not so good but the locomotives are excellent pieces of machinery 2-6-2 type with every modern appliance. .They have no tenders, the tanks are on the side of the boiler over the drivers and the rear of the cab has a coal bin. The enginemen and firemen think they are the finest things they ever saw. One of these pulling 5 to 7 cars gets over the road at from 6 to 12 miles per hour. Now what do you think of it? ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 21 We also have Sheffield Gang Cars and Buda lever cars for the maintenance gangs. These are exact models of the ones in use at home and will carry 8 to 10 men. Nothing about it even resembles a toy. And to make things more realistic we are suffering from a car shortage. The railroads at home would sit up and take notice to see the way we handle business. Two or three turnovers per car in 24 hours. When a car is spotted for loading or unloading the detail literally jumps on it before the coupling is cut. The officer responsible knows that he will be in trouble t if the car stands empty or under load for more than an hour or so. The only demurrage he can pay is sweating blood trying to explain "why"? We haven't had any excitement to speak of around here. An occasional barrage when a raiding party goes over, an areoplane battle or a rumor that the boches are going to make a drive on us, are the only things that are different from life in any of the camps in the States. Planes are too common to attract attention and barrages usually come off in the sma' wee hours when everyone is asleep, so things are mighty dull for us. To be sure there is hardly an hour day or night when the artillery isn't enhancing fire in a desultory w#y, and sometimes in ways that are not so desultory, but as yet that hasn't given a good thrill. We have been driven from our work several times and have had several hurry up calls to repair track that had been shot out. Some of our work has had to be done at night and in rainy weather as it was in the open very close to the lines. Arn and his outfit must be seeing the big things now. The last I heard they were with the English in Flanders. We get only the briefest of accounts of the big fight and those occa- sionally. We have to depend upon our visitors for the news. Those that we ' hear seem to indicate that the "Yanks" are giving a good account of them- selves. Hope we do as well when our tryout comes. Please do not think too hard of me for not having written before, for I was just running true to form. My intentions were good. I send my best wishes to Mrs. Walter and the babies. Sincerely, S. B. Christopher, Formerly Resident Engineer, I. C. R. R. Co. Letter From a Former Employe of the Auditor of Passenger Receipts Office Fremont, Cal., June 6, 1918. Mr. L. C. Esschen and Employes. Dear Friends : Have found a little more time to write you another letter. This time I will go a little into detail about how we live, drill, etc. First of all, I will give you a line on how we live in our tents and different orders and regulations which we are expected to obey. I will start with the most difficult of all, and that is, rising in the morning. The first call is at 6 :15 a. m., and at 6 :30 a. m. we must be in line for reveille and roll call. After revielle we wash ourselves and sweep up in our tents and wait until the mess call is announced. We are fed very good here, as we have bacon and eggs, wheat cakes and syrup, fried potatoes, besides prepared fruit and veg- etables every morning. The other meals are comparatively as good. We each have a mess kit and the tables are all set when we get to the mess hall. At 8:00 A. M ! . inspection of tents takes place. The inspection is not very strict as the lieutenant only looks into the tents to see that the beds are prop- erly made and the floor swept. Soon after this we march out to drill, 22 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE We completed the "Manual of Arms" drill last week and expect to go to the rifle range some time next week. The rifle range is some six miles dis- tant from here and large auto trucks are used to transport the soldiers. The rifle range practice will last two months, each regiment being allowed a certain length of time. Four men are required to fire on each of the 250 targets all day long. During the period of this intensive rifle practice, it is proposed to use 5,400,000 rounds of ammunition, costing $162.000. We drill . 4% days, being off Monday afternoon, Saturday and Sunday. The daily drilling hours are from 8:15 A. M. to 12:15 and from 2 to 4:15 P. M,. About two hours of this is taken up in army games and lectures. There are three first and two second lieutenants in our company and each one has a different lecture on some military topic. That is, one speaks about various wars one day, the next day another speaks about the rifle and its uses, and so on. We form a ring under a big tree, sit down and smoke. We are advancing rather rapidly in drilling, as we are now drilling with our full pack of equipment. Last week we drilled in bayonet charging on field and in trenches, hand grenade throwing, crawling exercises, walking a four inch board, jumping fences and running through entangled barbed wire. There are several dif- ferent trenches out here. One of the most interesting is the winding trench, as it has numerous passages and very difficult to find your way out at the other end. Have had several visits from some of my friends located at Presidio and Fort Scott at Frisco. We have visited several towns within a few miles from here, the largest being San Jose with a population of 35,000. Also visited the Stanford University at P'alo Alto, one of the largest in the world. The Memorial church located at this university is the second best. Last Sunday I was down to Frisco, and judging from my first visit, I'll be there quite often. Next Sunday our regiment will compete in the song contest which will be held at the Stanford University grounds. We have selected the long, long trail song. We will sing the first verse and chorus, then whistling the chorus and again singing the chorus. We will also dress parade and drill and judg- ing from the enthusiasm and work devoted to this affair, it should be one of the best seen here for some years. Only regiments from this camp will participate in this contest, and all are working hard for the first prize. Some of the world's celebrated singers will also perform at this affair. The arena seats 17,000 people and the entire proceeds will go to the Camp Fremont fund. The climate out here is ideal. The sun during the day is hot, but a con- tinuous, cool and invigorating breeze makes it hardly noticeable. The rainy season will not be due here until Nov. 1 and possibly until the first of the year. Closing with kindest wishes to all and the best of luck and health to those that are leaving the office in the near future, I remain, Yours as ever, Priv. Jos. Chalupsky, Com. M., 13th Inf., Camp Fremont, Calif, Letter from D. L, Hall D. L. Hall received a citation from the French Government, another one of which will entitle him to a Croix de Guerre. This citation came under the personal observation of the general. He has. also received gold chevrons, which are given for each six months of service in the American Expeditionary Force in France. March 15, 1918. Dear Mr. Pinkerton: This in answer to yours of Dec. 15, of which I acknowledged receipt. I received this letter Feb. 3rd, and got busy immediately on your suggestion about the poem and picture, but am sorry to say it has taken over a month to get the desired result, not thru any fault of my own however. Because of the fact that he is on detached service some distance from Head- quarters, the Major, in answer to my letter, suggested that I take the matter up with the Adjutant at headquarters, which I did. Soon after this this ad- jutant, on one of his trips out to our detachment, talked the matter over with me, and I secured his promise to send the regimental photographer up to take the picture. For reasons, which I am not enttiled to question, he has delayed doing this until a couple of days ago. Am enclosing the picture herewith, and hope it is what you wanted, also that the delay hasn't interfered with your plans in the matter. The parody made a big hit with the boys, and they all wanted to get in the picture. They send their best regards to you. I have heard some rumor that all railway journals were suppressed. How- ever, am not sure there is anything to this or not. No doubt you were disappointed at not being able to get over here, but I think it is just as well as it is. You are making a "go" of things where you are, and then, too, the family needs you at home, don't you think? The magazines you say yon were sending me must have been lost, as I haven't received any from you since last Fall, when you sent the Ry. Agr. and an I. C. magazine. However, the folks sent me the Dec. I. C. containing my letter to you, and photo. I am very much indebted to you for this favor, and want to express my appreciation. How is your business holding up? I don't suppose it has been affected much by war conditions. What are the Wildwood prospects for this year? We are just emerging from a comparatively quiet winter on our sector, nothing much to contend with except the natural elements. We have had a certain amount of shelling occasionally, of course, and the bombing 'planes are always busy when the occasion is favorable, which isn't so very often dur- ing the winter. All in all, we haven't much kick coming, and have been living fairly comfortable. Things are beginning to liven up now, though, and there is promise of much action in the near future. I wish I could write whatever I pleased in these letters. I could give you some mighty interesting and enlightening facts, if such were the case. >' if The Americans are well into the fight now, and are making a good showing. Wherever they make their appearance on the line, you can be sure there is a hot reception by the Boche waiting for them. You know, in many places on the Western front, the fighting has drifted into almost a state of coma, you might say. A gun is seldom ever fired, and then only to keep them from getting into a state of disuse, and there are cases where not a single wounded man has been brought out of a sector in six months. It's simply a case of a few men 24 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE LEFT TO RIGHT STANDING: BEESON, FRESHETTE, JONES, DAVISON, KINNEY, REYNOLDS, COOK, MOORE, BLACKBURN, DE COURSIN. SITTING: DINSEN, BROWN, HALL, PALMER, LAGERWALL AND LIEUTENANT KERN. manning the trenches in shifts, and living there as comfortably and as peaceably as in his own home, always, however with an eye on the enemy, in case he tries to pull off something rude. They have what you might call unwritten agreements or un- derstandings ; if you don't do so and so, we won't do so and so, and so on, and you would be surprised to see how faithfully they stick to these agree- ments. Well, when the Americans came along and took up their positions they were young and fresh and full of ambition, of course, and they couldn't see this way of doing business at all, so they tore in and .started shootings things up, and violated a lot of these unwritten agreements. The Boche of course, had to retaliate, and the result is that our boys have woke up a lot of these dead sectors, and started things going. Now, when the Germans learn that any Americans are moving to take up a new point on the line, they start shelling them with their big guns while they are still miles behind the line. Quite a compli- ment, don't you think? I spent three davs in Paris on furlough recently, and enjoyed the visit very much. As I told Elva, I am going to try and get permission to spend my next furlough in Birmingham to visit your folks. Just now we are not allowed out of France, but it may be possible to have an exception made of the case. I was wondering if you could possibly aid me in doing this. However, I will not be ready financially to make the trip until summer or Fall. In answering my letter, the Major said he remembered you very well, and asked me to send you his regards. I am in the best of health and have gained much weight. Trusting that I may hear from you regular, and that this finds yourself and the family in good health, I will close, Sincerely, Denys. Come Over and Help U. S. i Come on you Uncle Sammy boys, O hurry o'er the sea, To fight the cruel Boche, and make the Belgians free And join us in the chorus from Chicago to the Spree, When we go driving thru Germany. (CHORUS) Hurrah, hurrah, the flag that made us free, Hurrah, hurrah, fight for Democracy. And join us in the chorus from Chicago to the Spree, When we go driving thru Germany. II To protect the rights of Uncle Sam, we sailed across the sea To hunt the Kaiser out of France, and drive him to the Spree, To teach him that the Stars and Stripes stand for Democracy. W r hen we are driving thru Germany. Ill Come over the top, you Sammy boys, come over on the run To help Serbia and Roumania to freedom from the Hun, So join us in the chorus when the Kaiser's on the run, And we are driving thru Germany. We'll set the Bear upon his feet, put Italy in the sun We'll give Democracy to Prussia, and go home when this is done, So join us in the conflict, and the victory will be won, When we go driving thru Germany. To keep us in good fighting trim if you cannot come Buy a Bond from Uncle Sam it is your long range gun That will help us do the shooting to make the Kaiser run, When we go driving thru Germany. Private D. L. Hall, Co. A. ]3th Engineers, U. S. Army, A. E. F., France. Council Bluffs, la., February 26, 1918. To the Editor Illinois Central Magazine. Dear Sir: "As the Governor of North Carolina said to the Governor of South Carolina, it is a long time between drinks" and as such I find it with any item of news in the Maga- zine from the Iowa Division, especially Council Bluffs, la., so if I may be allowed a small space in your very interesting book I will try and tell you a few happenings and doings at our terminal. To start, it is very gratifying- to all readers of the Magazine to find in the columns the pictures, and doings of all "OUR" boys that are doing their bit, and best for our country, both here and "over there" and it goes to show the big spirit and bravery that is in the heart of the I. C. boys. We see in the Magazine many oictures of the boys from the Chicago offices, who are in the fight, and yet we at this little town have seen many of our boys enlist, and among them are some in France, and others are serving with their regiments in this country awaiting the call to go, and I am going to give you the names of our boys who have left their jobs, and homes to go and help, and I am here to say that those who went, are the boys who will helrj win, for thev are all MEN and not a vein of fear in the make up of anv of them, and woe to the Dutchman who comes in front of any of them, because it will be "Raus Mit Him." The boys who have gone are as follows: 25 26 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Geo. Benz, switchman, Co. "B" 109th Engineers, Deming, N. M. Art Lennox, switchman, Co. "L" 168th Infantry, France. Wm. Stalley, checker, Co. "L" 168th Infantry, France. A. T. Nelson, switchman, Aviation Corps, Waco, Tex. Hubert Hall, switchman, Aviation Corps, Galveston, Tex. Geo. Lorenz, switchman, Aviation Corps, Galveston, Tex. Ray Walker, hostler, U. S. Navy. W. S. Smith, fireman, Co. "D" 1st Replacement Engineers, Washington, D. C. C. Halstead, fireman, Co. "D" 1st Replacement Engineers, Washington, D. C. C. Renninger, fireman, Co. "D" 1st Replacement Engineers, Washington, D. C. F. Palmerton, fireman, Co. "D" 1st Replacement Engineers, Washington, D. C. L. Olson, Clerk, Co. "B" 109th Engineers. Dorrance Mann, machinist, Co. "L" 168th Infantry, France. Now for a small place like our terminal I feel we have done well, and as you will see by all the papers Council Bluffs has had more men enlist than any city of its size in the United States. We have had the following companies, made up of young men, and its hard to beat: Co. "L" Infantry, Co "A" Infantry, Co. "B" Engineers, Co. "K" Red Cross, Home Guard Co. and over 900 men have enlisted in the Army and Navy. I speak of this performance, merely to show what spirit predominates with the men of Council Bluffs. There are lots more who are willing to go, but age keeps them back. Now at our terminal I must speak of the great improvements that have taken place in the last year. We have had a new mill building built, comprising of the fol- lowing group: Air test room, painters' shop, casting room, wood working mill, lumber storage sheds, car foreman's office, engineers, and R. H. men's building and car men's building, all new machinery and the latest improved hot and cold water, and toilet facilities, with shower baths included. So you see we are some up-to-date people at this place. We have just passed through the most trying winter of cold and severe weather, and we are still 100 per cent, as we have not had any accidents or mishaps, all through the winter, we have gotten every train out on time, and have had no freeze ups, and you can bet it was not to be, for the simple reason that each man here knows he has a man in Mr. Mac Leay, general foreman, and Mr. Norman Bell, master mechanic, who appre- ciate all a man does, and these gentlemen are not the kind who are "camping on a man's trail" all the time, and when you have superior officers of that caliber, you can rest assured good results will come from the rank and file. I trust I have not pre- sumed too much to send this little affair to you. but if it meets with your approval, you can use it, and if it does not, why place it where all bum stuff goes. Should you want an interesting piece for your book send the "Rambler" out here, and he can write about God's Country and His people. Yours truly, J. R. Newcomb, Clerk. ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD EMPLOYES AT DU QUOIN, ILL., WHO TOOK PART IN THE LIBERTY LOAN DAY PARADE, APRIL 15, 1918. 1. C. R. ISHERWOOD. AGENT. 2 FRANK CLARK. NIGHT YARDMASTER. 3. B. B. GODDARD, DAY YARDMASTER l.^TOHN HILL, ROUNDHOUSE EMPLOYE. 2. LEWIE WESTERWELLIE, CAR RE- PAIRER. 3. ARIL LUKE, CAR RE- PAIRER. 4. ROSS GLASSCOCK, ROUNDHOUSE EMPLOYE. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 27 10 COMMANDMENTS OF U. S. ARE MADE PUBLIC All Pertain to Good Treatment for Sol- diers' Civil Rights While at War. Indianapolis, May 27. The Lake Di- vision News, official publication of the Lake Division of the Red Cross, which includes Indiana, Ohio and Kentucky, contains what it calls "Uncle Sam's Ten Commandments" in the current is- sue. The "commandments," submitted by an Ohio chapter, follow: "1. Thou shalt not evict, for non- payment of rent, a soldier's depend- ents, under penalty of $10,000 fine. "2. Thou shalt not cut off a soldier's life insurance because of delayed pre- miums. "3. Thou shalt not foreclose a mort- gage on a soldier's property. "4. Thou* shalt not take away a sol- dier's home on which he has made part payment. "5. Thou shalt not sell a soldier's property because of his failure to pay the taxes, national, state or local. "6. Thou shalt not settle a lawsuit against a soldier in his absence. "7. If a soldier is sued, the courts shall postpone action until he can at- tend to it. "8. If a soldier have a mine, timber or farm claim, assessments on which are overdue, it shall be held for him. "9. Honor thy soldier and thy sailor that thy days may be long. "10. No man hath greater love than that he offer his life for the world's sake, and it is commanded that law- yers, loan sharks and tithe gatherers shall not fatten on him." . A Woman Tells Whose War It Is By Mrs. Eva Whitaker Davis, Clerk, Superintendent's Office, Vicksburg, Miss. The following very patriotic contri- bution in connection with the Third Liberty Loan is taken from the Com- mercial Appeal. It was written by Mrs. Eva Whi- taker Davis of this city and furnishes many excellent reasons why we should all buy liberally of war bonds. 'WHOSE WAR IS IT?' Vicksburg, Miss. "To The Commercial Appeal. "Whose war is it? "I heard a group of corner loiterers ask and it set me to thinking. I wish that I might have had the privilege and pleasure of standing each of that group up in a schoolroom until they could and would learn 'Whose war is it. And learn, too. that it is a matter for serious thought and not jest. "Whose war is it? "Well, it is mine, it is yours, it is everybodv's that desires to see wrong put to flight and justice rule! It is my war, because I am a woman, and women have been outraged and little children tortured. It is my war be- cause I have given all that I have to give, my husband, to help win in this struggle for democracy. "When my husband enlisted he came to me and asked me if I cared if he went into the army. If I cared! He was all that I had. We had no means. Tt meant four square walls and the click of a typewriter again for me perhaps always. He believed it was a fight for right, and he gave himself, and who am I to delay the struggle or thf victory because I care? This is a fight too big for individual con- sideration, and only the welfare of the world must be considered. I said that be must decide' the question for himself, knowing full well that the decision would mean his going. He has gone now, and I only look ahead trying to divine God's plan, but sim- plv waiting in reality some day it will be over, and if God wills, he will come back. "But 'whose war it is'? 28 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE .It is yours, it is mine, because those we love are righting their life away. They need our support, they need our prayers. They are sacrificing 'over there' and we must secrifice here that they may be cared for, that this war may end as speedily as possible and an end put to endless cruelty by the world's foe. "You can help win it. "Buy a Liberty bond, a war savings stamp, a thrift stamp. That will help the men over there 'do their bit,' and it will be doing yours as well. D'o not buy just what you can spare or what you do not need. Sacrifice for them, they are for you. "Buy Liberty bonds! THE YOUNG GENTLEMAN HOLDING THE FLAG IS WAUREN SCHAFER, SON OF DIS- PATCHER A. N. SCHAFER, CLINTON, ILL., AND THE OTHER YOUNG GENTLEMAN IS JOE MANN, SON OF ASSISTANT CHIEF CLERK J. R. MANN, OF SUPERINTENDENT I. \V. HEVRON'S OFFICE, CLINTON, ILL. McADOO Sung to Tune, "Jerry, Go He the Car." All out, me b'ys, put on the car, And Casey, you come, too ; We'll drill all hands today, me son, For Mr. McAdoo. He's got a train a-comin', men, It's full o' biskets, too; They musen't spill 'em in the ditch, On Section sixty-two. These biskets they are for our b'ys ; And billed for France straight through : And that they reach their port of call Is up to me and you. The engineer that pulls that train, I know he's grit clean through ; He'd work his blarsted top knot off For Mr. McAdoo. And the con I know is as game a man As ever donned the blue ; And when you give that gink a train. He'll see that train goes through. And the Supe that starts this outfit out, Oh ! he's a La-la-Loo ! He's kicked his schedules inside out For Mr. McAdoo. His varnished cars he's set aside, Till the bisket train goes through ; And he's sweatin' blood both day and night For Mr. McAdoo. So out, me b'ys ! Now git a move ! That train is almost due : We must be sure the track's O. K., Them biskets must go through. Now raise that jint and tamp the ties, And tamp 'em solid, too ; We'll have no wrecks and no delays On Section sixty-two. And gauge that jint and line her up,' Put in a tin or two ; We'll make her safe, go hang expense, Says Mr. McAdoo. You ask who is this mighty man, That's put our road askew : ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Just listen and I'll tell you, son, This Mister McAdoo. He's only a cog in the big cog wheel, The same as me and you; Only we are the cogs in the little cog wheel, And we've all our bit to do. But if the big cog fits in the little cog wheel, And the car runs steady and true. We'll give that Hun a run for his mon, And the Devil will get his due. And he'll get it so hard and he'll get it so quick, And he'll get it so swift and true ; And the hardest kick the kaiser will get Will come from McAdoo. (Contributed by George Summers, Secretary, No. 12 Mineral, Wash.) Son of I. C. Railway Dispatcher Writes Home of Voyage to France Lieut. Page Now in Garrison in Famous Fort with Machine Gunners The following letter, describing the trip across the Atlantic with the American troops, and also telling of experiences in France, was received by A. F. Page, chief dispatcher of the Illinois Central railroad, from his son, First Lieut. C. D. Page, Machine Gun Company, 164th United States Infan- try, now serving in France with the American Expeditionary Force. Mr. Page lives at the Louisville Hotel : France, June 15, 1918. Dear Old Dad : Your letter of May 17 came a few days ago, also the copies of the "Overseas Edition" of the Cour- ier-Journal, and I have read them with much interest. I have subscribed for copies of our newspaper "over here" "The Stars and Stripes" to be sent to you ; it has become quite a famous newspaper during its short existence and is supposed to be a true reflection of the American Army in France. You, no doubt, have read by this time o'f the exploits of our troops at Seicheprey, Cantigy, Chateau-Thierry, and we are all most proud of what they have done and hope to do as distin- guished a service when our opportun- ity comes. Today it is just six months since we set sail from New York harbor, on a ^old, bleak December morning about 3 a. m., and saw our last of the tall buildings and the Statue of Liberty, CYRIL D. PAGE and so today we are all wearing our first gold service stripe, signifying six months' continuous service in the war zone. The stripe is exactly like a Ser- geant's or Corporal's chevron and is worn about two inches from the cuff on the left arm. Similar stripes on the right arm denote wounds received in action. We came over on the famous "Vaterland," now the "Leviathan," and it was her maiden voyage in the service of Uncle Sam. Of course the 30 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE voyage was very exciting, as we all thought the Kaiser's submarines wouldjj try .especially hard to get the big boat with its many troops. We landed in Liverpool the day before Christmas. France is very beautiful right now with all the wild flowers and the cherry trees and roses in full bloom. I'm sure I will always carry a remembrance of how she looked in June when I return to more peaceful occupations again. At present we are in garrison in a famous French fortress, but do not expect to be here much longer. It is a most in- teresting place and much more com- fortable than billets. Here the fam- ous old moats with their draw bridges, dungeons and mysterious tunnels and secret passages, come out of the story books and become a reality. We are operating a machine gun school on "ecole mitarilleuse," as the French in- sist on calling it in which the officers and men of my company are training the officers of the ever-increasing American Army in the latest wrinkles in machine gun technique. It is very interesting work and with the latest machine gun practices of overhead firing, indirect firing and barrage work it quickly has assumed all of the highly technical exactness of artillery work. Recently we went out in pitch darkness and laid our guns entirely from maps and instruments with never a look at a target or observation point and scored absolutely direct hits on targets at 2,900 meters! This will give you an idea of the careful calcu- lations necessary in modern warfare. I expect you have been watching the Bisr Drive quite closely back home and you can imagine how interested we were in it and are for it is still rag- ing. Frequently we can hear the big French "heavies" (naval guns of 15- inch caliber, mounted on railroad trucks) and more than once we have gotten ready to do some resisting our- selves when the course of fighting got started down our way. Louisville (Ky.) Courier Journal, July 6, 1918. Tribute to Our Soldiers By P. A. ' Sleep, soldier boy, in your quiet hero tomb ! Rest from the weary march and lonely vigil of the night ! For you no more the cannon's roar and battle smoke, the cry of anguish and the swell of victory's surging throng! You have played well your hero role and we would have you rest. We gave you sad farewell the day you went away, and all the world of ten- derness and all the world of unselfish devotion was in that last sad "good- bye." We followed you in life's fitful gleam with tears and prayers and hopes. We know that when you fell with your eyes upon Old Glory's folds and in your heart the last conscious thought of those you loved, we would have given everything to fold around you loving arms and pillow your throbbing head upon the tear-dewed cheeks of kindred dear. We wished that we might have been at your side to see your hero-death, or say one word of comfort or press one kiss of parting on the pallid lips, or hold your hand and let you feel that last, long clasp of Gavin life from those you loved. Sleep, sol- dier boy, in your country's uniform. Above your glorious grave the stars look down in silent pity. Above your tomb the silvery clouds move quietly and sad. The sunrise falls in regal fullness on your dew-studded grave. The soft warm breezes of the Spring- time whisper a slow sweet requiem through the blades of grass that stand like sentinels pointing to the skies. And all we can bring to your quiet resting place is our silent thoughts, our earnest hopes, our fervent prayers. We lay our tribute of flowers above your turf, we would that you might feel the heart throbs that pulsate in our breasts today. We would that you might hear the words our love would prompt us to utter. We would that you might hear the music and the sweet melodies of the human tongues that sing your praises in the -endless eulogies above your consecrated dust. Sleep, soldier boy, sleep. Rest, and God grant, you peace. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 31 Vol. 1. No 6. PRICE 2i Washers THE GARDENS Major W. C. Am. One of the most important duties pt'everyrfne in army service is to maintain and increase the efficiency of the men. Many, many things are of course conducive to this result", but one of the things of prime importance is good health and a second, a partial consequence of the first, the cheerfulness of the men. The free use of fresh vegetables, especially (a .summer time, being of prime importance tt maintaining good health, the question arises as to the source of the vegetables. H being im- possible to supply at most, through the regular source of supply, more thao a very small per- centage of the possible consumption of fresh vegetables, it becomes apparent at once that gardens must be made wherever and whenever possible. .Ourpositionbeingsuch thattherewas , a reasonable certainty of our being allowed to remain long enough to enjoy the fruits of any efforts put forth in the line of gardening, it was decided to plant local gardens at every station on the line and in addition, smajl gardens at all crossings where watchmen were maintained and conditions were favorable. H was, of. course, the intention to have the gardens in proportion to the size of detachment at each station, but unfavorable conditions at some stations and especially favorable condi- tions at others made it advisable to vary this program, especially as regards potatoes, which will constitute the largest crop. Improvements, aciual and prospective, in- terfered considerably ,with our plans at \Valsh- ville, the west-end headquarters, and there and at other points the difficulty in getting plowing done has been a serious matter and a consid- erable handicap. The unusually lateand exceed- ingly wet spring caused us to lose some of the early seed planted, through rotting, and has also made late our earjiesl products of all kinds. \Ve have gardens at about 69 locations, in- cluding the little ones at crossings, and practi- cally every garden has at least radishes, onions and" lettuce. In the usual station garden along our line one finds radishes, onions, lettuce, tomatoes, parsnips, parsley, turnips, corn, cucumbers, spinach, cabbage, beets, peas, beans and po- tatoes, there being in addition in a few gardens, celery, peppers, salsify, leek and carrots. Our sources of supply for funds and seeds have been somewhat varied. Having got started with our plans considerably in advance of the time when we learned ol the Garden Service Department in the American Army, we did not, in the early stages, obtsirr from them ihe assistance which might have been possible. (Continue Page , col. 1 & 2). THE HISTORY OF THE THIRTEENTH By 1>. I. Iletle. (Continued from the June issue). Sunday,' July 2tst, 1917, the -- - with Companies A and B and detachments from Headquarters and Medical Department on board sailed out alone headed for The quarters, food, amusements and other diversions on this ship were similar to those on the , and a general account of them would merely, be a repetition of what has al- ready been said. However, something did happen during their voyage whiah very nearly nrrarred the history of the 13th. That is, the history of the 1st Battalion would necessarily have been concluded with a grand obituary if the attempt to sink, their boat had been suc- cessful. It was shortly after seven o'clock on Sunday morning, July 29th, while everyone was at breakfast, when the sound of bursting shells made everyone run up on deck. Several hundred yards astern could be seen intermittent flashes coming from the guns on a German 'submarine, which was first attempting to dis- able and overhaul the before sending her to the bottom with torpedoes. Immedia- tely, the started to zig-zag, keeping her stern to the Hun so as to furnish a small and Unsteady target, and at the same time turned loose with all six guns. For about thirty minutes the duel continued, but at the end of that time the with her great speed had left the submarine far behind and"the inspection showed that she had escaped unscathed al though a few shells had exploded uncomfortably close. A little later on in the day two des- troyers were met which convoyed her safely dto *-- July 31st, where she laid m the harbor a day while trawlers swept the - Sea for mines. During the rest there, no one was allowed to go ashore, but from the ship a wonderful panoramic view of a small section of could be seen, and in fact, the boys of the 1st Battalion are still talking about the beauties of the Isle, as they remember seeing them that day was reached m safety the 1st of August and they had gone on down to the same day. The British soldiers had given them a very enthusiastic reception and the next week was spent in getting better acquainted with them, visiting the nearby villages, sampl- ing the native ale and instructing the Islanders in the gentle art of the Galloping Dominoes (CouliiMW Page 3, col 2 & 3). OUR NEW COMMANDING OFFICER Soon after Colonel Kutz left us, rumors began to spread all over the line concerning the identity of the new Commanding Officer. One guessed that he was a West Pointer and strong on the military end, while another claimed that he was an experienced railroad man from one of the big American roads. Strangely enough, both rumors proved to be true, and we were all mighty well pleased to have Lieutenant Colonel Nathaniel L. Howard return to the regiment, for he is both a well trained soldier and a railroad executive of proven abi'ity. He attended West Point Military Academy from 1903 to 1907, but resigned from the Army in the fall of 1907 to enter the railroad game. His first job was as civil engineer on the Bur- lington, was later Roadmaster at Aurora, 111., Trainmaster at Centerville, Iowa, Assistant Superioteudent at Galesburg, 111., and Super intendent at Burlington, Iowa. When he was commissioned Major in the Engineer Officers Reserve Corps and assigned to our regiment in the Spring of 1917, he res- igned as Superintendent of the Missouri Divi- sion at Hannibal, Mo. He remained with our regiment until shortly after our arrival in France when he was transferred to the Staff of the Director General of Transportation GENERAL UNGFITT VISITS WINDY CITY On Sunday, June 9th, we were honored by a visit from our first Colonel, now Major General Langfitt. A band concert was held on the hill side that evening, during which the General made a short speech to the large crowd of officers and men who had gathered there to hear him. As he rose to speak a wave o( cheering broke out which proved he had not been forgotten by his old command. General Langfitt stated that he was very proud of us, having heard so many satisfactory reports of our work in France, and was sorry that his constantly increasing duties had pre- vented an earlier visit to our sector. While here General Langfitt visited the other interest- ing points on our line and left the iOlh for Headquarters. 32 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZ1NR WINDY CITY ECHO The unofficial organ ofthp CHh Engineers By, U. S. Army. Published monthly on Ihe 13lh. Prire 25 cenlimes per copy On sale al YMC A , Company offices, and all dolachmenls. Remit anres an- to be made to the Treasurer, ands (request Tor additional copies, or back number addressed to the Circulation Manager. S. L. Beckwilh. W. N Bissell. D I. llette. J. K. llogers, W C. Burns, Editor in-Chief Editor A Treasurer. Associate Editor. Sporting Edilor Business Manager C. C. Woods. Circulation Manager EDITORIAL This is a good lime lo look back over Hie first twelve months since the organization of the regiment. Considering llial the operalion ofFrench military railroad by American railroad men was an experiment and thallheexperimenl lias worked lo Ihe entire satisfaction of the French authorities and thai we find ourselves al the end of a year in sound operating condi- tion, bolh officers and men have reason lo feel extremely gratified. One of the best pages in Ihe record is lhal of heallhandaccidenls. I luring Ihe twelve months the general health of the regiment has been excellent, two men have been seriously injured, Iwo liave died by accident and two have died of sickness. Eighteen Commissioned officers have been advanced and twenty -two cnlisled men, every one of them from Ihis command, have been commissioned lieulenants> HIGH BALL ' -- ONE YEAR Well boys it'll be a year this month That we packed and sailed away But what's a year while we are here? There may be more to slay. Of course we've done lots of kickin' And suffered some hardships loo, But Ihe Fourlh of July reminded you why So I guess we'll all see il Ihrough. Remember il mighl be a damn sighl worse. And it isn't as bad as it seems. Life at its besl is only a jesl, [dreams. And there's ao end lo all nightmares and We came over here to our bil, And we're doin' il you can bet. The French, you know, have always said so, And al lhal we ain't started yet. A year or more stares us in the face. So accept your lot with a smile, [win it, ' There ain't no " ifs " in it. WIN. (sure we'll 'Cause the job -we're doin's worth while. So just do your durndest what ever you do. Take ahold of your job with a cheer. Forget the year gone, meet the next with a song, Here's lo Ihe year thai is here. TFI> PUI.IJVAN. to. A Corporal J. D. Murray Editor. Rill Bryant is helping his French Mademois- elle shuffle hay, the way they do it in Sulphur Springs. That? another burg we have got to visit when we gel back to the Stales. Cherokee Jones says it isnl in il with Ihe lillle old village with the insane asylum on the hill. Why did Floyd Belscamper have lo borrow asuilofBVDs from Slim llusinger during Ihe lasl hot spell? Ironhead Sheehan is all right - the worlds wrong, lhals all. He canl gel accustomed lo a country where it rains eight limes during the day and all night. Our Saddler, the recent corporal Morrison is sure overworked. He works on the section all day, anJ makes Sam Browne bells all night. He has cancelled his subscription lo the Com- mercial Appeal lie hasnl even lime to read now. Wagoner IT. 1:1!; be Uaker wants In know if ils unlucky lo lend money on Friday. You lell !iim, John, I ai'il got the hearl. Our new lop-culler, Sergeanl Brunner says Ihe only difference between Pinard and water is that you dont have lo pay.anyfhing for waler. Bearcat Tom Wynne has arrived home again and now amuses himself by chasing operators and Chefs de Gare up and down Ihe right ol way. Our new Mess Sergeanl, Vic Hundley, while reposing on Ihe ground with two bucks on lop of him promised that there would bo no more irrigated beans in A kitchen. Little While Wings Muggins drifted in again with greal tales of a bumper grape crop llns year in Trance, and wo hear thai Chicago is going dry. It aim such a bad war, after all. . Thad Cannon, the supplyless supply sergeanl wants sleeping cars put on trains between here and the Windy City. Brother-officers Jack Sheehan, Art Bam and John Law led Ihe melancholy parade the other night, pul on account of no mail for three weeks II sure was a sad affair Chicaboul Buckner escaped from here and was finally apprehended in Nice where he was forcibly compelled lo slay for seven days. Corporal Kverhart is now training al the Windy City West Point learning all about squads KuM Joe Callahan wauls lo know why the Echo never has any pictures in il, so lhat' everyone can enjoy il. Y. M C A The Steel-Jackson-Bloomquisl Ino gave a fine entertainment at the two huts during the past month Steel had a fine voice and the ladies, as always, caplivaled the appreciative nth Engineers, Judge Tod B Galloway was here Saturday and Sunday June Kith and Kith He gave a good talk on the history of Joan of Arc and also related olher interesting parts ofFrench history which concern this seclion of France. Finally, he surprised and delighted his audience with several vocal pieces of his own composition. The Y.M.C.A. now has a Ford i-amionelle and effort is being made to reach the men in the various detachments who find is so diffi- cult to gel the necessary supplies from the Y canteen. Detachment commanders can help the men by getting up a list of needed supplies and sending in a request to the Secretaries in charge al Windy City and WalshingloD. Lieul. Coons has done a fine service for Ihe men at his town (formerly known as Deyos- dump) by providing a reading and writing room for Ihe convenience of the Irain men who board with hi.Tt from lime lo time. The Y.M.C.A. furnishes Ihe reading and writing material but Ihe personal supervision ol Ihe Lieulenanl constilules the proper service for the boys. A big slock of athletic goods was secured by Secretary Jenkins on a recent trip to Pans. Practically everything needed lor Ihe various sports was secured. This effoit was supple- mented by Secretary Smith in a more recent trip, and il is now certain we shall nol lack for anything in the athletic supply line. Belter cinema service is assured now lhal the Y.M.C.A. has eslablished a division supply station near the American front. In recent weeks there has been a big addition lo the number of films available in France, and also in the number of experienced movie men lo look after the interests of the Iroops. The Duddy combiualion gave a fine concert during the lasl week in June. This is one ol the besl Ircals we have had through the . Y. M.C. A. entertainment service Mr. Duddy is a fine pianist while Miss Wright is one of the besl violinists we have heard in France. Missllonsberg is equally proficient as a soprano singer, and Ihe entire troupe is well balanced and polished. They made a greal hit al bolh huls. Co. B Owing lo a misunderslandmg, no company news was submitted for publication in the July issuf. Co. C Pvl V. II. Williams - Edilor Uaduy suavely. Ihe in,,..'.,. 1 . iiM.uag>* eater, wants lo sell his meal book. Sgl Merrill wants to adopl a French war orphan. They're nol pulling oul any over eighteen, Earle. If home was anything like this Artie Coons would be there yet. Woods doesn't care (or expenses. He's had lots of them lately. Cadwell is reported in love. You shoot. I can't. We are backing Paul U Valelte for Ihe fal mens' race. Who did " squads wrong " at last week? Ask Williams, he knows. Seems to be a good opening for a loan shark in Ihe regiment. Our congenial friend, Walter Slolts, was awakened Ihe olher morning by the crowing ol a roosler. His Drst words were " At lasl, at lasl. Home at last " He will recover. The joys of war. Provost Marshal in Nice. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 33 (Continued from Page l.col. I). The bulk of our early seeds were purchased from a special fund authorized for our regimeot 10 be expended for garden seed only. The Harden Service Department of the U. S. Army lias furnished most of the seed potatoes and we x peel (o oiilain there most of the plants and seeds for later planting. Our total area in gardens is iO acres of which much will yield lisa second crop. The regimental lund has helped out to some i-x teat and so also has each company fund so lhat every memberof ihe regiment is interested, lirsl because he is helping to pay, through ihe company fund, for the gardens and second liecduse of ihe direct pleasure and benefit ol liavmg a greatly increased supply f Ihe many favors and courtesies sho\sn us by the hospitable French, wherever we have come into contact wilh them. Several of the Commissaires Militaires have Idken a direct personal interest in this work at Iheir respective stations and to them and others mentioned and not mentioned above, we wish to extend our most hearty thanks. The genial and efficient Commissaire Militaire at Head- quartet's station has been especially helpful and accommodating. The garden service is directly under Corp. 11 K. Myers, of Company 0, Chief Gardener, who has had considerable experience in this line of endi.ivor and any and all success will be very largely indeed, due to the continuous iind iiersisle-nl effort which he has made and is tonlinuin:: to make for successful gardens' al overy station. Other gardeners assigned ex clusivcly lo garden service, except when in tin provisional company, are : Pvl. S. Arnold. Co. D Pvl. F. C. Zody. Co. B " 0. Lloyd. Co. F " 0. Jones, Co. B " J. C. Watson, Co C " A. R Swinn, Co C " C. W McBnde, Co.'D " H. R. Andrews, Co. C In addition to the above the following men devote part of their lime to garden work : Corp. K. S. Curlin. Co. D Pvt. Jos. S. Bell, Co. B " .las. Ptscalello, Co. A " II. Brandon, Co. A " D. E. Herndon, Co. B " E. L. Snyder, Co. F " E. J. Waters, Co. E " \V. 0. Tucker, Co. A " B. F. Temple, Co C At other points on the line, the men compris- ing the detachment have taken charge of the i ullivalion of gardens at their respective sla- iions. There has been, in the different detachments, a varying amount of interest in the gardens, lull it is believed that as soon as every detach- iiu>nl commander and his men realize Ihe great benefit and pleasure lo be derived from their garden, that there will be everywhere the same enthusiastic inleresl as has already been mani- fested in several detachments.- The number of men allowed lo be assigned exclusively to garden work is only one-percent, which is far from sufficient for all we have undertaken, consequently it is the duty, and should be the pleasure ol everyone in the regi- ment, lo assist directly in tins work in even way and at every time lhat he can. By the iime this is in print, probably even man svill have had at least one tasle of fresh vegetables from our gardens. (Continued from Page I. col. 2). Just before the ind Battalion arrived, a larg> number of the men were given twenty four hour passes to London as the paymaster arm ed on the 91h due lo the earnest solicitation^ nf Major Bent During Ihe first week in camp rain came down every day and Ihe light russei colored shoes soon became unserviceable, S" that it became necessary to have the British issue our men heavy hob nailed tnglish Arm\ bools which greatly relieved the uncomfortable situation. After the regiment had been re-united on the 1ith of August, we spent the next two days in rille practice, gas mask dulls and regimental reviews. At retreat, the evening of the 14th, Major Black announced ltu.t our regiment acd also Ihe lilh. Ulh and 17tj Engineers were lo go to London the next day. parade through the streets and later be reviewed by the King and Queen of the British Empire. On August 15th, therelore. Reveille was sounded at 3:00 A.M. but as usual the hard working cooks had beat us an hour or so and had a good breakfast wailing. After breakfast, we formed in Ihe company streets and Ihon marched out onto the parade ground for inspe' lion. Soon we* were poun ling along a counlr* road in column of fours with Ihe Commandin Officer and Staff leading the way in the semi darkness of early morn. Occasionally we emerged from the wood-lined road and tramped through the slreels ofnea: iltle villages, awa kenmg the sleepy inhabit! nls thereof by our whistling and singing. Fnally, we reached Ihe lasl of these villages, c.ie which bore the graceful name of ind here we found trams wailing to carry u> lo London. We were thus aflorded anolhei brel'bul interesting view of England from Ihe ear windows which soon made us forgel our fatigue resulting from the early rising and llie long hike Before we realised we were so near our journey's end, our irain was pulling mlo Waterloo Slation where a huge crowd of enthusiastic Londoners was heralding oui arrival with a mighty roar Detraining, we again formed in column of fours and passed on out of the tr.un shed lo a street packed on either side will cheering thronp;. After a short march we lu ned into Ihe cotirl yard ol Wellington Barra-ks. (here sl,i. Knl arms and were dismissed for breakfast which was served by the British troops on duty there. During this time. Iwo other regiments were arriving and marching up lo Wellington Bar- racks so that an enormous mob was soon besie- ging Ihe iron fence on one side of Hie mclosure lo look al and talk to Ihe Yanks The London girls were especially hospiuble and it is lo be regrelted thai so many of our men were forced lo decline the numerous invitations to dine out extended by these fair and willowy maidens. Al It o'clock Ihe buglers blew " Assembly " nnd we all fell in for the big parade. The l.ilh. preceeded by the magnificent band of the Grenadier Guards, led off followed l>\ the l(lh and 17th regiments Heading the Mill was the Irish Guards band and headiui: the 17th, (he-band of the Welsh Guards. V\e had nol gone far when we were hailed on the Horse Guards parade to alluw the lilh regiment, headed by Ihe band of the Isl Life Guards, which had been wailing in llie Horse Guards Avenue, to slip in ahead of us. Theft lo the; inspiring strains played by these fa- mous British bands we tramped on through the streets ol London. Never, anywhere, has any- body of men received such a tremendous and enthusiastic welcome as we received that day We. who only a few weeks before, had sil- ently and swiftly left our native country will, only a few to cheer us on our way, wfro amazed to find this strange country nnd strange city opening its doors to us and greeting with such hearty and sincere good-will. It is duubtiul if anyone of us (New Yorkers and Chicagoaos included) had seen such an out- pouring of people before Both se.\es, all ages, alj classes and a great varieiy of nationaliti'-s were jammed on both sides of tncslreel, hang- ing from lamp posts, silling in windows and from every other possible, vantage point strain- ing themselves to walch the Yanks march bi Aside from being the first armed body of troops from a foreign nation lo march through the slreels of London since the time of William the Conqueror, we constituted the van-guard of America's Expeditionary Forces lo France and as such .were the first lo be seen in Eng- land. Our route of march from Ihe Horse Guards Parade was through the Horse Guards, thence \\lnleliull, Cockspur Street. Pall Mall. St james Street, Picadilly and Gros^enor Place, where, from the balcony of the American Embassy, Admiral Benson, Ambassador Page and attaches slood and saluted us. Passing through Hobarl Place and Grosvenor iiardena we swung mlo Buckingham Palace Road anil presently were directly in front of Bucking- ham Palace. There in the Central Arch slood Their Majeslies, the Kini; and Queen attended by a parly of notables, among w'lom were instantly recognized Field Marshal French and ox-Premier Balfour. As each column arrived at ten paces from the reviewing party the Commanding Officer gave " Eyes Left " on which every officer, N.C.O., and man turned his head and eyes in lhat direction until ten paces the other side. When the > olors went by the regimental (lags were dipped ID salute We were finally hailed in the Green Park adjoining the Palace and were given refresh- ments consisting of meat pie, biscuits, choco- late bars and ginger beer which we hungrily devoured. After a short resl we formed again for (he return march to the slation which was via the Mall, Horse Guards Parade, Horse Guards. Horse Guards Avenue, and the Em- bankmenl where we firsl saw Ihe Stars and Stripes Hying above the Mouses of Parliamcnl, Westminster Bridge, and Westminster Bridge Road'down to Waterloo Station. (To be continued). 34 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Co. D Sgl G H. Hiltel Editor .lust to remind you lliat the Puget Sound Extension runs in the direction of Berlin and that it has not been completed yet. Estimates are that all construction work will be comp- leted by Fall. Sgl. Mullin having resigned ro take up the course at " West Point " has left Horicon S-.vamp for an indefinite period. D Company claims another officer, Sgt W. E. Whisler having received his commission on May 27th. We are glad to announce the recommendation of Sgts. Marshall and Barnard for commissions. SOCIETY NOTICES John Cable, boss of the fatigue work etc, at the local camp celebrated las 32nd birthday in good style June 18th 1918 by giving a Birthday supper at the Hotel de Gonsalves. Seven selected friends (including the staff reporter) were seated at the Honor Table which had been reserved some days before. The following is the menu : t 11 T " Bone Steaks Shoe String Potatoes Lobster Salad (New) a la Newburgh Lettuce Pickles Apricot Pie Sponge Cake Cocoa CotTce Wines Graves Vin Ordinaire. Pall Mall Cigarettes. DECORATIONS Daisies Poppies Wheat. At a great expense and a lot of persuasion .Messrs. Jacobi, Gonsalves and rrueh offered their services as waiters for the gala occasion. Here is to the new orderly B. J Hallihan May his work and worries never increase. Corp. Simms reports periodical activities on the " Western Front ". Gen. Yard Master O'Keefe reports a large increase in the cars handled during the month ending June 30lh. His switch engine (Maude, a high tempered mule) has been sent back on repose. Terminal officials Sgt II. G. McMahon and Corp H. L. Russell are two of the number who have recently investigated the mysteries of Alex' place. Tention AH' hail the new Top. Sgt Munro is now on the job. Best of Luck, Frank. " I 'm imbued with the spirit of baltle, and all I want is plenty of space and a chance to get at 'em " Sage sayings of Long Bill. From last reports McMilleo ain't got any answers to his ad. Ainl it H... whena fellows got to advertise in. the La Vie Parisienne for a " Pretty, Young Godmother ". Bushnell wants to join the Tanks. Keep away from them. Bush, one bottle is enough for any man. Harmann. Cornelius, Stanley, Taylor, Carm- ichael, Mace, Lee and Hmthorne are the latest victims of the call to arms, and are now doing their bit to win the war at our own West Point Jim Stewart, Peters and Phillips just returned from there and are now polished soldiers. PROVISIONAL COMPANY Oliver J Franke - Editor Gone, but not forgotten. Provisional Com- panies, I, 2, 3 and 4. The makingsof a soldier, (not Bull Durham), Capt. Hagelbarger, Lt. Johnston, Sgl. Roe, a little spice, two weeks some soldier. Try a bottle of our famous health tonic, full of Wim, Wigger and Witalily. Directions, shake before taking. This tonic contains a herb that is grown near the village of Waukegan. and is ca!led"pep". It is used to a great extent j)y the Jackies of the Great Lakes Training Sta- tion,- and is recommended highly. Passed by the Food and Drug Act and contains the foll- owing misery. Physical Torture- -- 7 15 A. M Smothering Exercise 8. 30 A. M. (Gas masks will be worn while taking this dose) Squads Norlh and East 10. 15 A. M. (Heavy Hardware will be used at this time; Redose at --- 1. 30 P. M. This is to be taken each day by order of Doctor Wm. G. Hose, attending physician Another great invention discovered by one of our graduates from the Military Academy, is an aeroplane that will travel to Chi in nothing flat when the word retreat is sounded. More power to you, Mullin. S3 MED Ted Sullivan Editor The Captaic has gone, the Captain has come. Good luck, Success and Contentment to both. On June 20lh, Capt. Charles F. Clayton, who has been in command of the Medical Depart- ment since the departure of Major Thearle last November, was transferred to one of the large Base Upspilalsin the South. Capt. Thompson, who succeeds him, is a well known Chicago physician and has been in active service with Hie British Army for over a year. Voicing the sentiments of the men in the Medical Department, Captain Thompson looks, talks and acts like a Doctor, as well as a Captain. We of yoar Department welcome you and wish to assure you of our heartiest co-operation in maintaining your department in Ihe manner you desire. From all reports, Jack Castagnmo four lin- guist) is now studying German to be on the safe side. Safely Foist, John, S. F Shepard of Ihe Soulhland has gone North for the Summer. While Charlie Con ell and Pete Boyle will linger in Repos Valley. Did Bob Morris talk George Seagrove inlo going lo Aches and Pains, or vice versa? Pally Patenaude, former w.k. Medic, has flew the coop, aspiring for the higher things in life. Robinson and Carson have nothing to repent or spend since their return from Nice. " Red " Hemes borrowed the Slouplon pho- nograph the other Digit and used it to serenade one of the nurses. That's one way to horn in. After visiting the city up there " Royal ' Galely says he can sympathize with the Crown Prince on be;ng repulsed in Ihose parls. HEADQUARTERS Sgl J P Casey - Edilor A lively discussion is continually in session in Headquarters barracks in regard to the res- pective merils of private secretaries and dis- patchers. In the past former Master Engineers Doud and Dudley very creditably upheld tne dignity of Ihe dispatchers. Since they have left Master Engineers, Dunn and Smith are having a hard time holding up the dispatchers' end as they are pitied againsl such master minds as Jojo llelte, Kentucky Jim Hays-and Little Chester Moody. Owing to the inadequacy of Ihe style of headgear now in vogue, smoked glasses are becoming popular. Perhaps we are fortunate that an eye tesl is nol a requisite to discharge apres le guerre. Two casualities to report in Headquarters Company. Our pontoon experl Alex Robinson came out second best in his wrestling match with Submarine Frank. I'll say Sub. more than covers the inilial sack. Ye Ed tried to push his'finger through a foul tip but found that it can't be did with any success. WOODMAN SPARE THAT THEE. Archbold visited Boyersburg recently and fell into one of the newly constructed moats. We claim Archy would make a poor night scout. Captain F. W. Taylor with the personnel of his clothing house has removed to Washington. Bissell and Collignon are delighted with the move, but they say it is difficult to freeze on to the change with so many emporiums within walking distance. Whilher did Whilher go on his long sought permission? He and Le Grande McDowell are ?ivmg the la belle femmes at Nice a treat. Walker and Kinder deserve to be congra- lulaled on the fine line of groceries they are. handing out at Headquarters- Kilchen. Can you imagine that? Ask Lagerwall if he can imagine himself going out of camp again without a pass? Rags O'Gallagher, Fay Philbin and Tommie Landers have received their diplomas from Ihe Windy Cily Military Academy. To Raise Five New Engineer Regiments. Washington, June 7. The war depart- ment, yesterday, announced lhat the organiza- tion of five new regiments and 19 batlalions of railway engineers, lo be used in addition to the regiments already working in France, is heing completed by the slaff of the director genera! of military railways, Samuel M. Felton. The work has been done in conjunction with the engineer corps. When the new forces are put on duty, there will be 50.000 Americans engaged in railroad construction and operation in France. A total of S160.000.000 has been spent on railway materials alone, not including supplies provided and used by the engineer corps pro- per ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 35 Co. E John J. Dnflie - Eiiilm. Through the generous contribution IM our Mess Fund by [lie officers and employees of the Chicago Cr Northwestern liailway Company, the members of Company E an- enioyine a variety of menu. Being all CANW. wv have TheBesl Of Everything " Joe Mendleskis reason for joining the Army. " Eventually' Why not now'" Enlistment papers show Joe was born and raised near- Minneapolis. John Hurrell 'VCo.. Ltd. healers in High Explosives! \\'e Specialize in Dynamiting Ourwell known lamprslcre, Madison Connors hos reii'rnoo from his permission lo Snulh"t-n France. During a vn.it lo the be.u h at ,\,re, he claims to have seen Annelle Kellcrman on one of the diving boaids An inquiry proved that Ihe lady in question war- only a I'ansiiin slenographer spend ing her vacation in Hi'. 1 south Another new overseas cap' What about Ihe underseas cap originally designed by Ldward Marsh and recommended lor Submarine Ser- vice' Thomas S Hayes was again " siglued " lasl Sunday talking lo a French friend, who ,s v,s- ilm^ her folks in Ihe country. He showed unusual courage and calmness through-out the conversation. We have all heard ol Ihe w.u being brought home lo Ame-ica Nol so. wilh Sgl Win. I . Burns, who has already senl pai I of ill,, the Slales in Ihe form of souvenirs. Hecipienl : A young lady " Somewhere in l.iu I'age County, Illinois " Enguieei Thomas King exphiiiniig a road delay lo an i.fli, er Thai fireman of mine lould not 'keep waler hot enough for a one armed barber. Sefce.illt M.'.loou I'urw.u-.le.l j I:. !,. I, .-In*.! , lire, I, ons alia, hed B.-i Adapted loi' I lold - ing S.|iiare Objects. We have been informed through Ihe Chicago Tribune Ihat Commander Evangclme Booth, of Ihe Salvation Army, will visit all Camps lo mspeel doughnuts. To dale Miss Boolh lias n. il arrived, neilher have the doughnuts. Sergeant William (',. Bmg is Ihe Cy de Vry of Ihe Thirtecnlh Hegiment. Hecenlly and with some dil'licullies he raptured a wild eagle, now on exhibition in the Bird House at north end nf Park. An open meeting ol the Heather Hill Masonic Club will be held on August 8th at 8 PM, in the Headquarters mess hall, in commemoration of the first anniversary of this Club. Enter- tainment will be given and refreshments served. All members of Ihe fraternity are most cor- dially invited to attend. BASEBALL Last month was a busy one for Ihe baseball enthusiasts, fine could see Ihe Old Timers loosening up Iheir salary arms on ever\ night Ihe weather perrnilled. ' The Windy Ciiy dia- mond is now in fairly good shape. The eve- ning games aflord amusement lothe onlookers and go.od cxerciseand fun to the players. 'In Sunday. June 711) a double-header was staged Company B's team taking the measure of a puked I. -am from Coontow.i to the tune ol It. to S in the first came, anil Tom Willis'Tom- Toms annexed a viclory over a team from a Company I-' delai-hrnenl by Ihe score ol .') lo 2. On Sunday, June 15th' Ihe All Slars cap- tained by Master Engineer Oulo were beaten byCo..B.' Walbrand was in the box for Co li, and twirled a nice heady game. Hall lobbed then over for the All Stars and did well, allhooL-h h,= support was ebaky. Holy was Ihe slar with Ihr slick, getting three blows. FienHicriiiL'hl Ins usual steady name. Co. B. played a good game in the held and at the bat ami rame out Ihe winners by Ihe score of ,S lo -1. On Sunday. .Inn" i:rd The All Slars aveng- ed themselves fur Ihe defeat ol June 1 5lh and just nosed out Co. I! by Ihe score of II lo to. Baker Iwu-led the firsl two innings for Ihe All Stars and held them scoreless. In Ihe All Stars half ol Ihe second lirynnl walked, Casey f-irccil him on an altompled ' sa"t -ifice, Hobmso'n and Harrell walke.l afler which B.iker came Ihi-'uiL-h wilh a smde over shorl scoring two. Baker g.ivr way lo Hall in Ihe third. Co. B put ovi'i- two runs on him making il two all. The All Stars were slopped in this inning and C.o. B rame back in Ihe lil'lh with three more. Ihe All Slars made it 5 to ! in their half. Hall then settled down and held Co. B score- less until the ninth. In Ihe sixth the All Stars filled Ihe bases, then Casey came through wilh a double and Barrel!, llaker and Hall singled driving in live runs. In Ihe eighth Ihe All Stars got one more run on a double by Carmichael, and singles by Bryan! and Casey. Co. B rame near making il a draw in Ihe nmlh Manuel put the wood on one and pulled up al s.-.ood. Hal! smiled, C-unn rapped to Caniii'-hael who peL'-ed low lo hrsl Idling them up, French pol a toe hold on a fast one and doubled lo deep eenb-r scoring three, I -ergusnn scored two more with a single, through shorl, but German ended Ihe fracas | [/will, a pop II y to Sid Smith. Carmichael,? starred with the sticlf wifli'diree singles and a double. Bryant caught well. Baker pulled down a few nice calches in right. Hall pitched a nice game whiffing nine Co B. men. " Bath house John " is prelty handy wilh Ihal cold water hose. There's an old saying, thai murder will oul, j and that reminds me of a little, or should I say, big incident, that Sgt. S-. C. Moon kept undercover all [his time. Fellows, Moon, is a full Hedged Benedict " in other words, he's married; got married .last April, and been posing around us as a single man ; now what do you think of Ihat? Co. F Private E. A Creech - Editor IM Ashley graduated with honors, from the \\mdy Cil\ .Military Academy, hut said h preferred lo railroad. IM. Barrett opines '' that he is some ball player, in spite of the declarations of his critics, to the contrary. IM. Stolmeiersays that he regrets losing his position in the Provisional Company Claims that he has visions of Ihe banjo from now on. Pvt Waterberry.our friend from the " wild and wooly " lived up to western traditions out on the range; no telling what that " bird " might have done wild a six-shooter. At this writing, our heavy weight horse shoer, Dorsey Smith, familiarly known lo us as plain Jimmie fs about to " parlee "on his fur- lough; here's hoping nothing goes wrong with lliu pay lull ,\lnle he is pulling on Ihe grand Promenade Saw Pvt. Markley strolling slowly across the parade grounds liie olherday, and I inu,nii- ed why all Ihe joy, Mark " ' He said he was bound in Ihe general direction of his lillle swilch shanty, after completing his course at the Academy. Hnrrows and Laird also had a whirl at selling up exercises and are now sighing wilh joy and are firm believers, once more, in railroading. Corp. Harry Neff claims to be eii|oymg him- self immensely m Windy Cily; well, he hasn'l got any thing on us " natives ", has he? Sgt. Parker while sulfering from a painful boil on Ihe back of his neck, paid Pvt. Franke a friendly visit, and Parker says while there Ihat Kranke " whacklicated " him; I'm still hunting through diclionaries, lo enlighten my- self os to Ihe meaning of that awful word, as Parker refuses to supply the information. Seems Ihal there's a razor in Ihe plol. Pvl 0. 13. Creech got lost in the shuffle " while on his way lo Aix-le-Ltains. bul he re- ports an exciting lime, nevertheless. Corp. McCarly and ; Packey " McFarland had a great time of il, in Aix. -While on their furlough, Ihey w.nt in for violenl exercise in Ihe shape of a " Push-mobile " Cook Bohland says Ihat he has lo grin every time he Ihinks of the wood-chopping detail. Corp. Bailer was some busy little soldier, in Ihat fair city of Chambery; from all appea- rances, his popularity down in thai neck of the woods, was surpassed by none. Cook Marlmson and Pvl. Biven* report very exciting doings in Nice; Otis said Ihat he might have gone in for housekeeping, but couldn't find a stove lo suit him. We extend hearty greetings to our new lieu- tenants, Warren and Harrison, who, prior lo their being commissioned, were sergeants in Co. F. Heard that Jimmie Pyle had a new Sammy Backer; how do you do il Jimmie? Sgl. Phillips, recently christened " Jessie James ", is gelling to b.e a wonder with the nlle; he almost made a bulls eye last week, while on the range. Says Ihat he will Iry again. 36 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE YOU TELL 'EM Hy Ted Sullivan It isn't the mess " il's \\lial sou gel in it vTo-'tbe ' liail life is iust one durn run after another. Workin ainl so hard il's tryin' to rest up Kasier Bill . Gull is mil us ", well if He Is. Bill, lie's in for a hell of a lime of it The Kasier says " Pans or Bust ", we've got the same idea " Bill ", but il can't be done It's a good Hung ihey run the railroads on tracks or some of us Dover >;ou!d gel hx>rrie o' nights. Mathewson must have laid tins railroad out according to the<:urves in it The War will be finished in lliree weeks Pass Ihe Durham, Joe From some of the letters the fellers wnle their gals they are " More to be pilied lhan censored " WHO? The girl, Ihe feller or Ihe letters'' Here's hopio when they call " peace " that the " Rails" slogan, " Kirsl in, Kirsl out " will apply to Ihe 13lh V\'e nope by Ihe time Ihe " Over There Tliealncal League of America " gel agoin 1 we'll have a siage and they'll nol overlook us Oh where is Hie feller who look up semapho- ring aboard ship ' Do your bomb-proof building early Our Officers have laken to the lulls, hut-may they never be txken lo Till-; lull Whal happened to llial " Learn To Speak French " tank you bought tin: first v,eek you were over here. War bread makes me sick, Soda Cra< kers - Wow ! - Do you know lhat one of Ihe E: dinmmg physicians name was Mice"'.'. According lo Ihe Slove Pipe Correspondent in tie Windy City, one of the leading barters there has been making a big hil with certain village mesdames on account of Ins willingness to shear (heir childrens' Spring crop of hair. Barrack moving and rat killings are popular pastimes in Ihe Windy Cily Ihese days. THE WINDY CITY GARAGE CORNER HOGAN'S ALLEY AND THE BULL YARD ARMORED TAXI SERVICE fO LA THEATRE DE LA GUERRE Two phones and Wireless Connections. The only efficient service in town Our cars meet all trains and beat most of them. Exquisite limousines and war-n out touring cars for all occasions Bullet proof wind-shields and corrugated iron tops are special features on all cars MOTORCYCLE SIDE TRIPS Our Indian motor-cycles (with sidecars for passengers) are noted throughout the country for their speed, neat dodging and healthful vihrations In fact, severe cases of internal disorder have been cured in twenty minutes riding Account of low visibility, they are especially recommended for daylight riding on the Puget Sound Extension TEAMING AND TRANSFER SERVICE We have six Fierce-Arrow trucks available for all sorts of hauling from hljje bags^to barracks We refer you to satisfied patrons such as the Windy City Wholesale Meat and Grocery Co , The Walshington Gents Clothing Store. Stoupton Water Co. Windy City Rock Quarry and the Paris-Berlin Chemin-de-Eer. The latter will testify as to our efficiency in clearing a wreck in the local yard last fall All cars repaired under the personal supervision of Master Engineer Vincent and Sergeant Nelson, both experts on Fords or automobiles A lull line of auto accessories, always accessible. Shell shock absorbers for use near the trenches and side curtains to prevent the enemy from seeing you. Our machines are noted for their endurance- -they get less tired the more they run. Gasoline at prices that would delight the Standard Oi! Co. Pocket lighters Tilled free of charge (if no one is looking) PERSONNEL All drivers carefully selected from the well known Auto Ban- dits Leagi'e <>i Chicago iiprinierie speciale du W. T.. E diiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiim Kankakee, Illinois The City's Growth A Page of History ' I^HE name Kankakee has percolated through several strata of language and may be impregnated by them all. The river was discovered by the French at an early period and was one of the principal routes to the Illinois country. Since 1689, travelers, cartographers and others have designated it by various names, such as Thealike, Hankiki, Huakik, Huakika, Teakika, Theakiki, Kau- kaki, Quin-que-que and Kankakee. In 1720 Charlevoix spoke of it as the Theakika, which, he said, "by a corrupted pronuncia- tion our Indians call Kiakiki." He pro- ceeds: "Theak signifies a wolf in I do not remember what language; but this river bears the name because the Mahnigans, who are likewise called the Wolves, had formerly their refuge on its banks." Another author- ity says that "Theak does not signify wolf in the language of any tribe ever known to frequent this part of the country, but speaks of the river being called Kankakee, and says that Kankakee is an Algonquin word mean- ing "raven." Some hold that the present name is an Iroquois word, and conies from Kantake, signifying "Among the meadows." The "Gazetteer of Illinois," 1834, contains the following statement about the river: "Its aboriginal name was Theakiki, or as pronounced by the French Te-au-kee-kee, which, by the fatality attendant upon many of the aboriginal names carried through French into English has become fixed in the sound and orthography of Kankakee." But Gurdon S. Hubbard, who came to Chicago in 1818 with the American Fur Company's Illinois Brigade, and was later placed in superintendence of all the company's posts on the Iroquois and Kankakee Rivers, and understood the Potawatomie language well, said that the Potawatomie name of the river was Ty-yar-ac-ke, that this was modified to Ty-an-ke-ake, finally becoming Kankakee, and that the name meant "Wonderful Land." The story of Kankakee begins with a house by the side of a road. The house stood at the outer line of the timber that fringed the river, on ground that is now the northeast part of the court yard. For many years it was the only building where the City of Kankakee now is. It was built in 1834 by Caj>e Wadley for Francis Bour- bonnais, Sr., to whose Potawatomie wife, Catish, in 1832, there had been made a res- ervation of the land, one section in all, by the Treaty of Tippecanoe. This house was a double log cabin, or a cabin of two rooms with a space between, all sheltered by the same roof, covered with shakes. It faced the northeast, one of the rooms being in the southeast, the other in the northwest end. Neither room was subdivided, but some- times blankets were suspended to partition off parts of a room for the convenience of the occupants. In the southeast room was a fireplace with a stone chimney standing outside. It is likely that before much time had elapsed the Bourbonnais family ceased to use it, and that white settlers began to occupy it, for within a few years after its building the Government removed the In- dians to country west of the Mississippi. And it is written that in 1836 Elihu Springer preached in this log cabin. The road passed along the northeast side of the house. It followed the general course of the present road from Waldron through Bourbonnais to Wilmington. It was prob- ably the same as the mail route mentioned December 14, 1841, in a printed advertise- ment for bids for mail service on route No. 4819, from Danville, by North Fork, Mil- ford, Iroquois, Bull Bonus Grove, Rockville and Wilmington, to Joliet, 112 miles, once a week. The Masonic Temple is on the line of the old trail, as are also the barn on the residence lot of the late Thomas P. Bonfield and the barn on the lot of Dr. O. B. Spencer. It is the road that many a settler in the Kankakee country traveled to Wil- mington to have his grist ground at the first mill of the early day. The Bourbonnais' have left their impress upon the nomenclature. One of the streets bears that name. Our neighboring seat of learning honors it. And even to this day an early settler now and then speaks rem- iniscently of Squaw Grove and Squaw Creek, as refers to our primeval oaks and 37 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE \ 39 the fast vanishing water course that de- bouches into the river west of Chicago Avenue. The east half of the reservation was sold in 1833 to Samuel Russell, who was prob- ably the person, who, in 1836, 1838 and again in 1846, was postmaster of the office from which the present postoffice of Bour- bonnais derives its lineage. Later an in- teresting party of gentlemen seeking invest- ment came on horseback from Indiana. One of these gentlemen was Isaac E. Elston, a daughter of whom became the wife of General Lew Wallace, and another daughter of whom became the wife of United States Senator Henry S. Lane, of Indiana. Mr. Elston purchased the west half of the reservation from the Bourbon- nais in 1847. He conveyed it in 1852 to George Griswold, Morris Ketcham and Jonathan Sturgis, and after the County of Kankakee was organized in 1853, these men offered a court house site and $5,000 toward the cost of erecting a court house, if the people of the county would locate the coun- ty seat here. Momence, Aroma, Bourbon- nais and Kankakee were all aspirants for the location. Neither of them received a majority in the first election, but the second election, held June 21, 1853, resulted in the selection of Kankakee. In pursuance of their offer Messrs. Griswold, Morris and Ketcham dedicated the present court house block to the county for court house pur- poses. A court house was built, and by November, 1855, was ready for occupancy. In 1852 Abram True erected a house, which, though of late years divided, still stands on Maple Street. It became a public hostlery, and by reason of its distance from the court house site was known as the "Half Mile House." The first store erected was Clark & Roberts' store on the south side of Court Street, where now stands the Pallis- sard building. On July 14, 1853, the Illinois Central Railroad was opened from Calumet to Kankakee, and during that month the first freight was received here, being a con- signment of lumber to Solon Knight. This road had been opened from Chicago to Calumet, May 15, 1852, and was opened from Kankakee to Spring Creek, December 2, 1853. The first railroad bridge across the river was of wood, and was so constructed as to allow the passage of teams over the lower section, and for some time was used as a toll bridge. The original town was platted June 8, 1853, and was called the Town of Bourbon- nais. The place was also known as Kan- kakee Depot. It. was by the latter name that it was voted for and selected as a county seat. A historical sketch prepared by W. H. Bristol, as part of the City Di- rectory of 1876, states that the postoffice here was first called Clarksville. By an act of the legislature that went into force February 15, 1855, the name was changed to Kankakee City. In later years the city became incorporated under the provisions of the general law of 1872, and thereby ac- quired the present name, City of Kankakee. The City of Kankakee is a growth and not a creation. Its story is now a tale of sixty years. Better in a thousand nights than in a thousand words could the inspir- ing tale be told. But its growth is symbol- ized by the stride from the house at the side of the road to those splendid struc- tures, the postoffice and the Young Men's Christian Association buildings, the Masonic Temple and the court house, that now clus- ter around the spot where the old log cabin stood. For half a century, it may be said, Kan- kakee advanced slowly, though all the time gathering strength and vitality for the great future which is now certain to be hers. Like the seed planted in mother earth, she exhibited little outward change, but during this period was germinating within her that spirit of enterprise and liberality which was eventually to burst upward into the sunlight of prosperity and blossom into a new life. Here, on what has been declared one of the richest soil belts in the Central West and surrounded by the most productive farm lands ever given to man out of the bounty of nature, what was formerly a strictly ag- ricultural community has been transformed almost in the twinkling of an eye into a mighty work shop filled with the sound of Ihrobbing machinery and clanging hammers- Splendid business blocks and office build- ings line the principal thoroughfares, beauti- ful and costly edifices house the public busi- ness of the city, county and nation, artistic and luxurious residences flank the miles of broad, well paved and shady streets, while all around are grouped thousands of neat, comfortable homes of Kankakee's laboring population, well paid and happy in the gen- eral progress and uplift of the city. Throughout the northern part of Illinois Kankakee is noted for its beautiful resi- dences, well kept parks and delightful drives. In the building of their residences, our citizens have not aspired to the palatial establishment of the millionaire, but rather have shown a -preference for the artistic, comfortable and moderatejy priced home, which reflects the true spirit of the home lover. These universally well kept homes give to Kankakee as a whole the appearance of an enterprising and progressive commun- ity whose members work, not for personal gain alone, but for that spirit of co-opera- tion in their business life and good-fellow- ship in their social life, which all tends to- ward a bigger, better and more prosperous city. Kankakee justly bears the title fre- quently bestowed upon her "A City Beau- tiful." 40 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Parks and Play Grounds Only during the past five or six years has a need for public parks and play grounds been felt. When the city awoke to the fact that the steadily increasing population would soon utilize all available space for building purposes, a park system was estab- lished and the next few years will see each section of the city amply provided with pub- lic parks and play grounds. Great progress in this line has already been made. The most pretentious effort is the banks of the Kankakee River. Here nature has furnished magnificent trees and a beautiful river, and man has supplied' ad- ditional shrubbery, fine walks and drive- ways, flowers and rustic benches. The re- sult a park to which all Kankakeeans point with pride and delight. Nature has been more than generous to Kankakee in the matter of fine trees and lawns and a drive through any part of the city must create a most favorable impres- sion, but on a journey through Riverview, the principal residence district, and the Riverview Park, a true lover of the artistic in homes and in nature will surely revel in this beauty spot of the city. Almost adjoining Riverview Park is Elec- tric Park, the terminus of the street car line. Here there are amusements during the summer season, a fine dancing pavilion, summer theatre building, scenic railway, ex- cellent boating and a goo'd bathing beach. In this park are numerous summer cottages occupied throughout the season by families desiring to escape the heat of the city and enjoy the woods and the water. A few miles up the river are found many comfortable cottages for rent during the summer and also a number of personally owned summer homes. In fact the banks along the Kankakee River form a vast nat- ural park, visited annually by picnic parties from Chicago and the surrounding country. On the south side of Kankakee a small park fronting on the river will soon be ready for public use. A similar park on the west side is nearing completion. On the west side also is located the Sol Alpiner play ground, where toboggans, swings, horizontal bars and games are provided for the children. Few cities are the center of more beauti- ful drives than Kankakee. Good stone roads radiate in all directions, some of them lead- ing to delightfully cool woods and through shady groves, while others follow the river for many miles, winding in and out through" the trees, with the water always in view. The pleasure derived from visiting a city with artistic homes, beautiful parks and fine drives, and one which also boasts the best of hotel accommodations, has made Kan- kakee the mecca for automobile tourists from all parts of the state. Health Conditions The general conditions of health in the city of Kankakee and surrounding territory is equal to .that of the best locations in the State of Illinois. Its natural lay is high and dry, with a perfect natural surface drainage. It is underlaid with a layer of limestone deep enough under the surface of a loose alluvial soil to favor any underground sys- tem of sewerage that may be necessary, the natural drainage to the Kankakee River be- ing ideal the high ground upon which the city stands extending back and east a dis- tance of nearly three miles, giving a grad- ual slope to the river from the east, south and west. The city is drained by a large bend of the river, which runs through the city on the south and west, while the north side is drained by the Soldier Creek Valley coming from the n.ortheast and running to the west through the northern edge, emp- tying into the river below. The natural slope of that portion of the city on the south side and that portion lying on the west side of the river is equally as well drained. The larger portion of the business center has an excellent rich and fertile soil averaging twenty-eight feet above the layer of limestone. The supply of water for the city's con- sumption is obtained from the river above the city and is of excellent quality. The pumping system situated up the river on the southeast border of the corporation lim- its furnishes an abundance of water for all purposes, with an excellent system of filter- ing in the plant, insuring its purity and healthfulness. These natural conditions greatly lessen the ratio of disease such as typhoid, ma- laria and kindred diseases that obtain their origin from low, wet and undrained soil. The fact is that from a health standpoint obtained from a medical statistical source verifies the fa,ct that Kankakee and sur- rounding farming community has less ty- phoid and malaria than any community within a hundred miles. In fact malaria is almost a "remembrance of the past" with us, due to the excellent sanitary system of furnishing and supplying an abundance of pure fresh and well-filtered water for the city's consumption and its excellent system of underground sewerage. City Government Wise heads have decreed that municipal affairs in Kankakee shall not be complicated and retarded by the rancor of partisan poli- tics, and in the choice of city officers men are elected on their merits and not on close party lines. This gives to the city, govern- ment of a high character and a tinge of independence which results in a reasonably liberal-minded administration coupled with unusually clean morals. Kankakee is fam- 42 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE BROWN'S BUSINESS COLLEGE, KANKAKEE, ILL. ous for her moral standard, and yet in no sense is individual liberty restricted. The good judgment with which city and county affairs are administered is shown in the small tax rate under the expense of great public improvements. The police de- partment is fully adequate to every demand and five splendidly equipped fire depart- ments guard the property of the citizens against destruction, tending toward a ma- terial saving in insurance rates. Educational Advantages Fully in keeping with the spirit of the times in education, as in other ways, Kan- kakee has expended large sums on her schools, which are unexcelled in equipment, management and accomplishment. Gradu- ates of her high school courses of study are admitted to the best known colleges of the country, thus establishing the completeness of the courses of study prescribed. It is the purpose of Kankakee to afford in her Public Schools as good advantages as may be found in any city of similar or even greater size, in the state. Good courses have been arranged for in the elementary department and the High School. These courses have been made flexible so that they can be adapted to the needs of the various pupils, and they also admit considerable originality upon the part of the teacher. In the grades, while sufficient stress is placed upon the necessity of thoroughness in instruction in what are usually termed the fundamental studies, enough time is devoted to music, drawing, calisthenics, etc., to prevent the schools from becoming tedious and mo- notonous. Music and drawing tend much to make school life attractive for children. Great interest is taken in both in the Kan- kakee schools. Manual training for the boys and sewing for the girls are taught beginning with the sixth grade and continuing through the High School. In the modern school course there is so much that appeals to the chil- dren that few are found who do not like to attend school. The High School courses are so well arranged and the instructors are so competent that the High School is fully accredited by the North Central Associa- tion, which entitles the graduates to enter any of the colleges of seventeen of the Central and Western states. Among spe- cial features is the well equipped Manual Training department under the charge of a very competent supervisor and his as- sistant. The work of this department never fails to interest those who examine it. The business course is also very popular and successful. It includes instruction in mental and commercial arithmetic, com- mercial geography, bookkeeping, office practice, typewriting and stenography. All who pursue this line are required to take a four years' course in English. The result is that the business graduates are prepared to intelligently compose business corre- spondence. The Board of Education is constantly adding to and improving the equipment and making the buildings as sanitary as pos- sible. Drinking fountains are installed in all of the buildings, and paper towels are ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 43 in use. It is something of a tribute to the thoughtfulness that has been exercised to say that the schools have never yet been closed on account of an epidemic of a con- tagious disease. Kankakee is exceptionally well supplied with facilities for a thorough Catholic edu- cation. All but one of its six parishes (in- cluding Bradley and Bourbonnais) have their parochial school, St. Patrick's Church being r^ady to start building its own this year. Besides these parochial grammar schools, there are two flourishing acade- mies, with a high school course for young ladies. This is St. Joseph's Seminary, found- ed in 1860, under the direction of the Sisters of Notre Dame, from Montreal. These in- stitutions have a capacity of about one hun- dred boarders each, besides the large num- ber of day scholars whom they accommo- date and who may and do follow special business courses, in shorthand, bookkeep- ing, etc. St. Viator's College, founded in 1868, un- der the direction of Clerics of St. Viator, Priests and Brothers, has over three hun- dred young men who follow the commer- cial, the classical and the literary courses, besides the philosophical and theological de- partments, along with special courses in the language^ and in the sciences. The Board o.f Managers are empowered by the Legislature "to conifer such academic de- grees and honors as are conferred by col- leges and universities of the United States." Hundreds of priests and professional men of the Middle West look back with pride to St. Viator's College as their Alma Mater. The school Sisters of St. Francis have charge of the parochial school of St. Mary's Church (German) and the Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth are at St. Stanis- laus' Church (Polish). The public has not yet been informed of the name of the Sis- ters who are to Have charge of the new school at St. Patrick's Church. St. Rose's schools and those of the Maternity Church (Bourbonnais) are in charge of the Sisters of Notre Dame from Montreal, a teaching order founded by the Venerable Marguerite Bourgeoys in the seventeenth century and a leader in the new world ever since in Catholic educational work. The Brothers of St. Viator's College teach the boys' school. It is needless to add that special attention is given in these Catholic schools, colleges and academies to the cultivation of a high moral character, and that much time is also spent in the study of vocal and instrumental music and oratory. Care is also bestowed upon a sane development of physical cul- ture and sports, in so far as they help the general good health of the pupils and jus- tify the old adage "a sound mind in a sound body." One of the best Business Colleges in the State of Illinois is also located here, offer- ing every opportunity of business training to the youth of the city and surrounding territory. A handsome library building, erected in 1898 at a cost of $20,000, gives, evidence of ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 45 the literary taste of the people and is a valu- able adjunct to the general educational fa- cilities. The shelves of the library contain over eleven thousand volumes and in addi- tion to the volumes of fiction, travel, en- cyclopedias, etc., all of the best current magazines, periodicals and Chicago and lo- cal newspapers are to be found in its read- ing rooms. It is constantly being enlarged by the monthly purchase of the latest edi- tions of books, carefully selected, the pur- pose being that the library shall be of ben- efit to the minds of the readers and that no book that may have a tendency to injure in any way will be accepted. Hospitals The people of Kankakee can boast of having one of the finest and best equipped hospitals of its size in the state. The Emergency Hospital is now in its sixteenth year. It has enjoyed prosperity and a con- tinued growth, under the careful manage- ment of the Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Mary. Prior to 1895 Kankakee had no adequate hospital facilities. One of the fondest hopes of Father Paradis of the St. Rose Church was to build a hospital for Kankakee. With this idea in view _ he, with a few public spirited citizens, raised the necessary funds to buy the present lot and erect a small building. On March 30, 1897, the building was com- pleted and opened to the public, but it soon proved inadequate and an addition was erected a few years later. Three years ago sufficient funds were secured to add another story to the building. This including prin- cipally a new operating room. Visiting doctors have said that it is the equal of any operating room in the state, not ex- cluding Chicago. An electric elevator was another valuable improvement at this time. In addition to the hospital is a pretty garden and park where convalescent pa- tients may enjoy the fresh air. The Sis- ters of the Sacred Heart of Mary take care on an average of twenty-two patients daily. In the past year over three hundred patients were treated. Kankakee State Hospital The Kankakee State Hospital was estab- lished in 1878 on the recommendation of a commission appointed by Governor Shelby M. Cullom in 1877. The point was selected because of its ready accessibility by the main line of the Illinois Central railroad, because of the unlimited water supply from the Kankakee River, and lastly, through its proximity to the City of Kankakee. The first buildings, including the Administration Building and the main buildings, were erec- ted immediately under contract with the Prison Department. This construction is of native stone with floors of brick arches and T-beams. The construction is of such character that it remains practically unim- paired to the present day. It will be seen that this main building is of fire-proof con- struction. During the next succeeding five years an innovation was inaugurated through the influence of Dr. Frederick H. Wines, then the Secretary of the State Board of Charities, with whose plan the Superintendent, Dr. Richard H. Dewey, heartily co-operated. This innovation con- sisted in the erection of detached cottages of home-like character, laid out on tree- lined streets, and according to a compre- hensive pre-arranged plan. Friends of this modern institution, with Sits spacious Jawns and beautiful roads, paths, trees and shrubbery, are proud of the fact that this plan of having separate cottages has spread all over the world and is being extensively followed in many for- eign countries as well as in many of the States of the Union. At the time the in- stitution was planned the legislature lim- ited its appropriations to accommodate not more than 800 patients. With the intro- duction and extension of the cottage system the population was increased gradually and by 1895 approached 2,000. After this time for a number of years there was little done in the way of increasing the size of the hospital, but in 1908 a beautiful hospital ward building was erected, and in 1910 an- other cottage was added to the number al- ready completed. These additions, together with the increase due to the growth of population of the hospital district has brought the present day population of the institution to above the 3,000 mark. With the increase in population there has been an increase in the number of employes, so that no fewer than 500 people are employed on the grounds. Much is done in a medical way to give the patients the best of treatment. In 1908 a complete hydrotherapy outfit was in- stalled for each sex and it has been in constant use since that time. Probably nothing conduces more to the health and comfort of patients than this hydrothera- peutic equipment. The best of medical care is accorded the patients on the modern hospital wards and in the tuberculosis pa- vilions. All the patients able to walk are taken out-of-doors at least once each day for out-of-door exercise. Two-thirds of the patients are actively employed, and large numbers of tjiem follow such healthful oc- cupations as driving teams and working on the lawns, gardens and farm, in all 1,000 acres in area. The institution, containing in all a popu- lation of more than 3,600 people, has all the departments and mechanics necessary to any srtiall city. The payroll is great ac- cordingly and is not far from $20,000 per month. For the payment of the employes 46 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE Officials of the 'ankakee Inter-State Fait and the purchase of food, the institution pays out every year not less than a half million of dollars. The Kankakee State Hospital is one of the largest and greatest institutions of its kind in the United States. Its fame has spread abroad and the hospital is frequently in correspondence with officials at foreign countries. The population is secured through commitments from the following counties: Kankakee, Cook, Champaign, Coles, Cumberland, Douglas, Edgar, Ford, Grundy, Iroquois, La Salle, Livingston, Vermilion and Will. Transportation Facilities Steam and Electric The growing industrial importance of Kankakee is due in a large measure to itt excellent facilities for the distribution of manufactured products afforded by the numerous railroad lines entering the city. Five great railroads cut through the very heart of the manufacturing section the Illinois Central, the Big Four, the Chicago, Indiana & Southern, the Kankakee & Se- neca and the Chicago & Interurban Trac- tion Co. The Chicago, Indiana & Southern Rail- road probably offers the best advantages to concerns with extensive shipments. It starts from St. Joseph, Mich., on Lake Michigan, where it has connections with all the lake routes, corning southwest to Kankakee and then circles north and west. It is only two hundred miles long, but it crosses thirty-two different roads, includ- ing all the roads going east, south and west of Chicago. It is the most important short line transfer road of the Nejw York Central lines, taking through trains from east to west and vice versa, saving the pass- age through Chicago's congested freight yards. The Illinois Central taps all the south, through to New Orleans. The Big Four goes direct to Indianapolis, where it makes connections with the roads of the east and southeast. The Kankakef and Seneca road runs to the western part of the state and the Bloomington branch of the Illinois Cen- tral takes in Central Illinois. Kankakee is on two of the greatest coal roads in this section of the countrv. The Illinois Central has branches to the coal fields of southern Illinois and Indiana. The Chicago. Indiana & Southern runs into the center of the Danville coal fields. Coal c^n also be obtained from Essex, a short dis- tance of twenty-five miles. Concerns which tise coal in making their own power know that it is absolutely necessary that coal be delivered constantjv. Kankakee, by its free- dom from switching delays, is assured of ouick delivery. Kankakee can boast of ample passenger and express service, there being fourteen daily trains each way to and from Chicago, as well as ffie hourly train service of the Chicago Southern Traction Company, which converges in the heart of Chicago. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 47 PASSENGER TRAFFIC Notes of Interest to the Service Everything in a Name "Oh, why wasn't Howard born rich in- stead of talented and handsome", ex- claimed Mrs.Tyro with a laugh as she met the Rambler in a department store, through which the latter was making his way from the "Men's Store" out on to the street. "I see", was the good-natured response, "even the plethoric pocketbook of one of the leading editorial writers of the country is insufficient in depth, I suppose, to meet the absolutely necessary requirements of his wife on a shopping tour. But really, Mrs, Tyro", he added as he looked at his watch, "the strenuous hours of bargain-hunting that you have evidently just gone through have made you look exhausted, and I'll warrant you came from home with practically no breakfast; just a snatch or a bite was all you had time for in order to make your suburban train into the city. In fact, my dear Madam, you look hungry to me, and as it is about my own lunch time, suppose we go to the tea-room where you not only can sit down and rest, but gain strength for further efforts while you incidentally tell me your troubles." With a laugh at his face- tiousness, she allowed him to lead her to a quiet table in one of the pretty and cozy restaurants of the store. After they had become settled and their order given she entered into his mood and said, "Now Sir, pray advise how it happens that you, a crusty old bachelor, should have presumed to think for a moment that you could be of any assistance in the matter of what you assume -to have been a woman's shopping troubles? What do you know about shopping, especially in a dry goods store? I do not believe you even know how to buy your own shirts to good advantage. Howard gave up trying to buy his a long while ago; said he always got 'stung' on quality." "Ah," he interrupted, "that was your fault, I'll warrant. You did not like the stripes he picked out, and after feeling the goods all over insisted that he paid too much for the quality of the material that was in them. Yes, I may be a crusty old bachelor, but I am not half as green as I look. I once had a home in which the ladies, God bless them, knew all about 48 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE qualities, and there was a time in my career in which I had my socks, and even neckties, (more's the pity) bought for me. However, I will confess not being very wise in such matters, and had no thought of trying to pry too deeply into your shopping troubles. I just throught possibly it might relieve your mind and give you a fresh start to have you talk them over to a willing ear. I knew you would not tell me any more than you wanted to, and I could at least look sympathetic until you reached a state of mind in which you would forget all about me or my implied offer of as- sistance. Of course" he added keeping up the jocose mood, "if it was a matter of Howard's pocketbook being too small von might be glad to know that I owe him some money, which I would take a chance of turning over to you if it would helo." She knew he was joking and had been quietly laughing at his tirade until he mentioned monev. Then with a look which implied doubt as to how to take his last remark, she said with a positive shake of her head, "T don't believe it. I don't believe you owe Howard money. I doubt if he ever had any to lend : and if he had T would have known of it." she added in a burst of confidence, "for you know we always go over our accounts together. Not." she added hastily, "that I am one of those women who insist on calling their husbands to account in such matters. It is he that insists on it. He was good enough to say soon after we were mar- ried, that I knew how to take care of money better than he did. and ever since he has practically turned over his sa.larv to me. He is not as bad, however." she pdded with a little lurking smile of pride, "as he thinks he is, for between us we have paid for our own home." Wise and lucky Howard." said the Rambler miietly as a thoughtful look came over his features. "All jokinsr asiHe. do you mind telling me the cause of vmr ex- clamation to' the effect that Howard 'should have been born rich instead of talented and handsome.' " "Oh, no, I do not mind a bit" was the quick response. "On the contrary, the .exclamation was prompted by seeing you, and you were nearer the truth than you suspected when you seemed to assume that it would be a relief for me to tell you my troubles. The fact is it was not the kind of shopping that you thought it was that made me think of the capacity of my man's pocketbook. It was the matter of the cost of a railroad ticket. It is just awful to think of, is traveling these days, and I am told the trains are going crowded." "Ah," remarked the Rambler. "It's that Eastern trip that has come up, has it? That long deferred but almost necessary trip that Howard was telling me about the other day. Well, what about it ? Is it going to cost more money that you thought?" "That is just if. Howard, you know, is too busy and I did not want to trouble you, so I have been making inquiries this morning as to railroad and sleeping car fares to New York, and I do not see where the money is coming from. Why. just think." she went on with some animation, "the last time I went the first-class railroad fare was only $21.10 and I understood then that on certain lines it was only $19.10. Now, including Pullman accommoda- tions, it is $39.82. But what was all that the ticket agent told me as to why it was so much? I got lost in the maze of :omplications before he was half through. I suppose it's all right but I'd feel better if I understood it. Of course in a wav the one word 'War' explains it all. but such brevity does not seem to satisfy me. Now do not smile in that superior sort of wav that you railroad men sometimes assume, but tell me what that Ticket Agent tried to tell me. I am feeling better already with this lunch, and think I can concentrate mv mind on your elucidation," and as she said this, her countenance showed that she was return- ing to her normal cheery mood. She always interested the Rambler, did Mrs. Tyro, and her change from nerv- ousness to calm poise particularly ap- pealed to him on this occasion, as he began to explain to her about the cost of ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 49 her ticket. "Yes," he said, "the one word 'War' expresses it; in which con- nection you of course know that the -Gov- ernment is administering the railroads. One of the early things that it did was to raise fares and rates, the former, for passengers, being made a flat rate of three cents per mile as a minimum basis. It went further, however, and said in ef- fect, 'three cents per mile shall be the rate if one wants to travel at all, but if to travel is to include the luxury of a sleep- ing or parlor car, such luxury shall also be paid for and the rate shall be three and one-half cents per mile for the rail- road part of it.' Hence the three cents per mile is for coach travel, and the three and a half cents per mile is for travel when made in a Parlor or Sleeping car; the tariff of the latter having nothing to do with it. Now your ticket to New York is a case in hand," and taking a letter and pencil from his pockets he scribbled on the back of the envelope as he talked, showing the figures as he made them. "It is 908 miles to New York and at three cents per mile that would make $27.24 railroad fare if the trip were taken all the way in a coach. But you, of course, must have a through sleeping car, so to that amount $4.54 is to be added for the privilege of indulging in such luxury, it being the difference in rail- road fare alone between three and three and one-half cents per mile. Now the war comes in again, for even before the raise of fares a war tax of 8% of the cost of the railroad ticket was in effect. That Tax on your $31.78 amounts to $2.54, making your total railroad ticket $34.32. Fortunately for you the sleeping car accommodations have not been raised in price except that the Government has also placed a Tax of 10% on the cost of parlor and sleeping car tickets. When you last made that trip", he continued, "you said you paid but $21.10 for your railroad ticket. At the same time you paid $5.00 for your sleeping car, and you pay the same now except that to it the Government has added 10% war tax. In this case that makes $5.50 for your sleep- ' ing car, which added to your $34.32 for your railroad ticket brings your total cost to $39.82 ; which is the amount the Agent told you you would have to pay, I be- lieve." She nodded her head in acquiesence and remarked, "Then there are the child- ren's fares to be added. Do you wonder that I thought of Howard's pocketbook?" "No I don't, but there is a way out of it you know :" and in answer to her look of inquiry he quietly remarked "you can stay at home. You do not have to travel, do you ?" "Yes, I do" she said emphatically. "Of course there is an element of plea- sure in it, but there are reasons why I must go east this summer and take the children with me. Oh," she added, "for the days of the good old newspaper pass on the railroad." "Yes" was the smil- ing rejoinder, "that old free transporta- tion would come in handy now, wouldn't it? But like a great many others, those days have gone forever and to the mutual satisfaction, in the main, of both the newspapers and the- railroads." "But it was not 'free' transportation you know" she said with rather a positive shake of her head. "I know some of you railroad men used that term in such connec- tion but Howard always declared that it was not free ; that it was paid for both in advertising and in other ways." "We will not quarrel on that score", he replied* "as in a measure I agree with you." "But there is everything in a name some- times" she insisted with a mischievious perversity, "and I do not think the word 'free' should have been used." "Well," he responded as he motioned the waitress that they were ready for her to bring on the desert "there is everything in a name sometimes ; and that reminds me of a case that once came under my observa- tion that will illustrate the truth of that thought." "Oh, goody, goody", she' laughed, reverting to the semi-humorous vein in which they had accosted each other on meeting, "now you are going to tell me one of your stories and I am glad of it. These unpleasent facts .and figures get on my nerves ; tell me your story," "No," was the reponse as the Rambler with an air or gravity shook his head. 'I do not think I will tell you the one I 50 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE had in mind, but I will tell you another one apropos to your observation instead." "Many years ago I was in the northern part of Canada seeking for wood-chop- pers who were going to Mississippi to fell pine trees in the northern woodman fashion. The Superintendent of the woodmen in the district, which was in the vicinity of Parry Sound on Georgian Bay, was an old gentleman of some 75 years or more of age. I had had some previous knowledge in the matter before the visit of which I am speaking, and on meeting the old gentleman, after having told me that matters had been arranged he took me to see the foreman of the men selected to go to Mississippi. The name of that foreman was Knight, and in the course of conversation with him I said that his name reminded me of a station we had on our line, called Knightsville. On his expressing, prob- ably through courtesy only, a mild in- terest in my statement, I went further and described the town, and particularly our station there. His wife, I noticed, seemed to be paying closer attention to what I was saying than he was. She asked me several questions about the place, some of them clearly leading up to a matter of identification, for she finally said that the founder of that village was an uncle of hers who had quarreled with her father many years before, resulting in a separation of the brothers. On my advising her that it was my understand- ing that the founder of the village, which was quite a small one, was sail living, she was greatly pleased, and the whole affair resulted in my securing the long haul for our line of thirty-five wood-choppers who had been preparing to go part way via another route which would give us but a comparatively short haul." Mrs. Tyro was one of those ladies who was interested in a general way in every- thing; except small gossip, for which she had no predilection whatever. While it was not particularly in the line of ladies talk she evinced an appreciation of the story and asked if the Rambler did not have some further illustrations to cite on that line of thought. He laughingly said that he did not know that he could give her off-hand anything further of in- terest in that line, except that he might add incidentally that it was tradition in days past that the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad, at that time, secured nearly all the Milwaukee and St. Paul business on account of its name. He then added that as a curious fact, she might be interested in what he had been told some years before was the reason for a large immigration to Florida from a certain district in Wisconsin. ' 'You see,' said one of the immi- grants, of whom I made the inquiry, 'the way we got started was this : Old man Jackson, from Jacksonville Camp Ground, Maine, came here to settle in Wisconsin, and one winter, having the money and nothing else to do he went down to see Jackson, Florida. He went more to see what it looked like compared to his old Jacksonville Camp Ground in Maine than for anything else. When he got there he bought cocoanut groves in and around the Florida Jacksonville, and, being thrifty, when he got home he began to sell them to us people up here until he had quite a colony settled down there. Now every winter some thirty or forty families go down through Jack- sonville looking after their interests in the vicinity, and for a change of climate. The name did it, I reckon.' " "That remindes me of something I have heard Howard tell about names", said Mrs. Tyro, ever ready to do her share when it came to conversation. "According to him, on the nomination of Rutherford B. Hays for the Presi- dency in 1876, the politicians began look- ing around for a Vice-President nominee, and it so happened that they hit upon an ideal man, in their estimation, for a running mate for Mr. Hays. The proposed man was more or less of a politician but not sufficiently so to be well enough known to have any political handicap. He had been governor of his own state and was a good strong busi- ness man and would have been just the man for the financial end of the busi- ness of president making. He was finally discarded, however, on account of his ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 51 name, which was Straw ; 'for' said the wise politicians, 'that combination of names, Hays and Straw, will give our opponents too many opportunities to possibly defeat us by ridicule.' " "That's a good story" exclaimed the Rambler nodding with approbation, <( and what's more", he added gallantly, "it was well told. No wonder those chil- dren of yours confided to me that the reason they are willing to go to bed early is because you tell them such beauti- ful tales after they are tucked up for the night. But I must be going, if you will excuse me," he added on glancing at the clock on the wall and noting the time. So they parted, not however, without Mrs. Tyro thanking the Rambler for his entertainment and declaring that the diversion had put her in good spirits again about the price of the ticket to the East. She also declared that when her husband came home she was going to make him divulge whether or not, after all, he had not held some of his earnings out and had it tucked away in some old stocking for this Eastern trip. The sum and substance of this the Rambler told me himself later in the afternoon ; and as we sat at his desk chatting the office boy brought in the last mail of the day. I quickly detected an unopened letter from which he hastily separated the 1 envelope, throwing the latter to one side as he did so. From where I sat I was able to see that it was from "Over There" by its label reading "Controle Postale Militaire". "Ah" I said to myself, "from the Trunk Lady. It is time for me to go." But as I started, he said, "Wait a minute, until I finish this letter. This is from our mutual friend The Red Cross Nurse, and there is something in here that will interest you. Listen," and he read aloud as follows : "You know I have so many interest- ing and beautiful things I could write about, but you also must know my time is very limited. I have written home and told them about the wonderful trip we had crossing, so if you just ask them they will read my letters to you, saving me from writing it again. "We are now stationed at an Evacua- tion Hospital, not very far from the lines. We have been told that we are the first American nurses to be sent as close to the front as this. I do not know if it is true but as a rule no female nurses are stationed at the Evacuation Hospitals ; at Base Hospitals only. We do not expect to stay here long because as the line is moved back we close up to the line. When we first came here we were a very short distance from the front; (you have no doubt read about the wonderful drive the U. S. Marines were in) now we are much farther away. As they prepare for their drive we will be moved closer up. We came here just in the middle of the Marine's drive and never shall I forget what I experienced those first five nights, (I was on night- duty in one of the operating rooms). I worked up a most terrible hatred against the enemy I hope no one ever says anything in sympathy with them after I get back home. Any one that does may as well keep away from me the rest of his life. We have had some enemy prisoners as patients, and I am here to tell you that it's the hardest thing in the world for me to be civil to them. I have to make myself do what has to be done for them. That is very different from what I used to be; no matter how I disliked a person I could be good to them if they were sick, but not so with the 'Hun'. "We were very busy the first two weeks we were here (that was while the drive lasted) but now for about two weeks it has been very quiet. One of the boys told me that the State of Illi- nois ranked highest in the Marine Corps. I really believe him for we have had so many boys who were Illinois boys and a large number of them were Chicago men. No wonder they are good fight- ers. You know it's just like meeting an old friend to meet someone from Chi- cago, and usually if they are not too awfully sick they ask 'whoever receives them if there are any nurses from their home city and of course I visit all the 52 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE boys who ask for a Chicago Nurse, and usually have a good time doing it. Every body here makes a fuss over the Ma- rines. They are given the credit for having saved Paris. They are wonder- ful boys. "We have to contend with some diffi- culties but I would not miss this oppor- tunity for anything. I just love the work. I have to be busy doing something for my patients all the time. "I think I forgot to tell you that I reached here about 5 :00 o'clock in the afternoon; was on duty at 7-00 and had but just got started when I was taken to the bedside of a young man who had asked for a Chicago nurse." The Rambler ceased reading and we were both silent for awhile. Finally he bestirred himself and remarked as I started to leave the room, "What if I am beyond the draft age; that does not prevent one from enlisting." Notes of Interest to the Service The Grand Rapids & Indiana advises that the following of its Northern Division trains have been discontinued until further notice: No. 41, leaving Cadillac at 8:20 a. m., arriving Traverse City at 10:10 a. m.; No. 46, leaving Walton Jet. at 3 :45 p. m., arriv- ing at Cadillac at 4:40 p. m.; No. 48, leaving Traverse City at 6:45 p. m., arriving Walton Jet. at 7:30 p. m. Attention is called to the fact that with the discontinuance of No. 48 there is no connection at Walton Jet. for passengers from Traverse City and inter- mediate points with Train No. 18. Train No. 46 now leaves Traverse City at 3:00 p. m., and on Sundays only "Passenger Ex- tra" leaves Walton Jet. at 4:20 p. m., No. 46 arriving at Walton Jet. 4:05 p. m.; "Pas- senger Extra" arriving at Traverse City at 5:25. The Baltimore and Ohio has made ar- rangements to hold at Louisville, Ky., their train No. 44, for Cincinnati, 10 minutes for connection with Illinois Central Train No. 104, when passengers for the B. & O. are reported from off No. 104. Illinois Cen- tral Train No. 101 will be held at Louisville, Ky., 10 minutes to protect connection with Baltimore and Ohio Train No. 45 from Cin- cinnati, when passengers are reported from off No. 45. We are advised by the Great Northern that Trails and Passes of Glacier National Park are now open and in good shape. Cha- let Camp at Granite Park is open for busi- ness, but Sperry Glacier Camp will not be opened this season. The saddle horse com- pany will handle tourists direct between Go- ing-to-the-Sun Camp and Lake McDonald. Among other recent changes on the Wa- bash is the .discontinuance of the standard sleeping car operated formerly in Trains 2 and 3 between St. Louis and San Fran- cisco. The Canadian Pacific advises that "Gla- cier House," Glacier, B. C, was closed on July 31st. Some of our national transportation prob- lems and difficulties can be better under- stood when it is remembered that in the northeastern section of the United States, including New York, Pennsylvania, adjoin- ing states and New England, the population is C93 persons to every mile of railroad; in the South the figures are 407 persons per mile, and in the West, 252. There are fifteen square miles of land to every mile of railroad in the West, while in the East there is one mile of railroad to every five square miles of land. There are innumerable factories in this eastern theater, and the bringing in of coal and raw material and the carrying out of manufactured products make up a tremen- dous freight tonnage. The railroad administration is solving gradually many problems. By the elimina- tion of many unnecessary passenger trains several thousand engines are diverted from passenger to freight traffic, which relieves the situation materially. Also by loading the freight cars to full capacity a great saving is being accom- plished. Routing freight by the most di- rect route and other methods adopted by the administration are doing much to ease the strain on our transportation facilities. Chicago Herald and Examiner. There are two sounds familiar to the country that one rather misses in the city. I refer to the shrilling of frogs in distant marshes and to . the echoing locomotive whistle as some midnight train sweeps like a golden serpent past the sleeping hamlet. Almost like a living creature it seems as with two long and two short blasts the train catches its breath and goes rushing on over the silvery, threadlike rails into the dark- ness. It is a bit of throbbing life and ener- gy from the great city momentarily inter- rupting the slumbers of the country folk. ILLINOIS CENTPAL MAGAZINE 53 From a far-off farmhouse a watch-dog barks a challenge. Carrying people one has never seen to destinations as mysterious, the modern cara- van glides in and out among the starlit hills. The echoing whistle sounds fainter and faint- er, dying away as soft as flute notes in a dream. "The Passing Show." A coast line state highway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, begun five years ago as the connecting link between California's two world expositions in 1915, will be completed this fall, it is announced, and will constitute 500 miles of the finest military highway in the world. This great trunk highway system of California when first projected was generally accepted as a lure for automobile tourists. Its comple- tion, however, has brought a realization that the state was building better than its peo- ple knew, as the smooth asphalt ro,ad for automobiles may now be used as a military highway. It may interest those who wonder whether the workingman has a chance in these days to know that this Eric Geddes, first lord of the British admiralty, was not so long ago a day laborer on the Pennsyl- vania Railroad in this country. From a current editorial. James B. Montague warbles in the fol- lowing jocose vein under the title "It Can't Be Done," in the Chicago Herald and Ex- aminer. The Government is going to make an effort to simplify railroad timetables. News Item. How often I've hunted the time-table through And picked out a train to Cohoes And planted myself on a sleeping-car shelf In quest of elusive repose, To find in the morning when forth from my berth I tumbled, still fully awake, That the train that I chose didn't stop at Cohoes, But dumped me at Saranac Lake. How often I've studied the time-table o'er And picked out a train that was due At nine-forty-nine with an uncle of mine With a loose hundred thousand or two, And found that the train that I ought to have met Was named on a preceding page, And had come in and gone in the cold, drizzly dawn. While my uncle had left in a rage. T'vp toiled over time-tables early and late; For years I have tangled my brain In the hope that I might find some one that was right, And always my hope was in vain. And if Mr. McAdoo straightens them out He is surely a wonderful man. But I'll cheerfully own that I'll have to be shown Before I'll believe that he can. There was a man named Joseph Cable, Who bought a goat just for his stable. One day the goat, prone to dine Ate a red shirt right off the line. Then Cable to the goat did say: "Your time has come; you'll die this day." And took him to the railroad track, And bound him there upon his back. The train then came; the whistle blew, And the goat well knew his time was due; But with a mighty shriek of pain Coughed up the shirt and flagged the train. The Maize. An all too fast disappearing generation of older railroad executives are accustomed when recalling Gen. James C. Clarke, for many years before his death president of the Illir.ois Central, to speak of his stately courtliness, the warm southern tinge of his hospitality, and the depth and breadth of his personal charity, which ever kept him in lean purse. But the general, says the Wall Street Journal, was also a live rail- roader, no respecter of mere custom, and well to the fore in the era which transferred Chicago from a Michigan port to the largest interior continental city in the world. Gen. Clarke was fond of telling how in the postbellum days an order was issued from the head office of one southern sys- tem that no more personal valets should be carried on the payrolls, and that the name of the bureau of which it was a part should be painted on the door of each room. Shortly after the president, on a personal inspection tour, opened the door of a very small room and confronted an ancient ne- gro of eminently respectable and respectful mien. Said the president: "You black rebel, are you still here?" "I shoa is," he bowed. "And what payroll are you on?" "I doan't know what pay roll. Gineral, but I bresh de colonel's coat, black his shoes, comb his hair, and sech. He says to me, jes' like dis: 'Major, he say, ef dat damned fool old gineral come 'roun' hyar axin' whut yoah air doin' hyar, jes' tell 'm axing yoah honoh's pardon, I'm in de de- partmen of accidental superfluousness." The Main Street crossing of an important town was recently blocked for twenty min- 54 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE utes and the conductor was called to court to tell why. "You see, it was like this we were pull- ing into the station when the train stopped suddenly. I went to find what was wrong. Well, the engine was around one curve, the caboose around another, and I could not get a signal to either man. The towerman was handing me the back-up and somebody else was giving me the go-ahead. Just then I found an angle cock had dropped from the air tube on one of the cars and they were trying to line up the switches for me. Then I got a stop word and I found out a pin lifter had dropped. I slacked 'em ahead as soon as I could, but I couldn't help mat- ters." "I guess so," said the judge. "Ten dol- lars." N. C. & St. L. Employees Magazine. A little southern woman on Buena Park- way had occasion recently to call up a North Side storage and moving company in regard to a waybill of some merchandise she was shipping to her family in New Or- leans. "Where is the shipment going?" she was asked. "Ah tol' you it was goin' to N'Oluns." "Nawluns! There ain't no such town on the map, lady." "Why, didn't you-all eveh heah of N'Oluns N'Oluns, Louisiana?" "Never heard of no such city. Sure you've got the right place?" "Why, of co'se. Wasn't I bo'n there? Just mark the goods 'N'Oluns.' " "Spell it." "N-E-W O-R-L-E-A-N-S N'Oluns." "Oh, you mean New Or-LEANS! Why didn't you say so in the first place?" Paul T. Gilbert in Chicago Herald and Examiner. A banker was in the habit of wearing his hat a good deal during business hours, as in summer the flies used his bald pate for a parade ground, and in winter the cold breez- es swept over its polished surface. A negro workman on the railroad each week presented a check and drew his wages; and one day, as he put his monev in a creasy wallet, the banker said: "Look .here, Mose, why don't you let some of that money stay in the bank and keep an account with us?" The negro leaned toward him, and, with a quizzical look at the derby the banker wore, answered confidentially: "Boss, I's afeared. You look like yon was always ready to start somewheres." Clipped. There are places in the world where the weather has been better the last few_ weeks than in the American sector northwest of Toul, but the prevailing dampness never even tarnished the American sense of hu- mor. The colonel of a regiment, making a night tour of the trenches, was challenged by a sentry who had been standing at his post for two hours in a driving rain. "Who's there?" "Friend," replied his colonel. "Welcome to our mist," said the sentry. And the most serious thing the colonel did was to laugh. Clipped. If an S and an I, and an O and a U, With an X at the end spell SU, And an E and a Y and an E spell I, Pray, what is a speller to do? Then if also an S and I and a G And a H E D spell side, There's nothing much for a speller to do But go commit siouxeyesighed. Exchange. The following, from an exchange, might also explain why some people like to ride on railroad trains: "Then you don't care to ride in your friends' automobiles." "No; I get oil on my clothes, dust in my mouth, and long waits for repairs, all with no chance whatever of registering a kick. The public conveyances for mine." Private S. Do you know why the kaiser is like a man from the north of Ireland? Corporal H. Search me! Private S. Well, one comes from Bel- fast and the other's going to Hellfast. Wadsworth Gas Attack. "T railed a doctor last night." "Who was sick?" "He was when he saw what I held." Clipped. Minutes of Safety Meeting Held in the Office of Mr. G. E. Patterson, Superin- tendent, at 9.00 a. m., Wednesday, May 22, 1918, McComb, Miss. Present : Mr. G. E. Patterson, Superintendent. Mr. J. M. Hoskins, Traveling Engineer. Mr. J. D. Harrell, Traveling Engineer. Mr. L. L. King, Division Storekeeper. Mr. H. G. Mackey, Division Claim Agent. Mr. J. L. Small, Division Claim Agent. Mr. H. S. Scott, Supervisor. Mr. W. McCubbin, Chief Clerk. Visitors : Mr. H. P. Campbell, Train Master. Mr. T. J. Quigley, Train Master. Mr. J. E. Schneider, Chief Dispatcher. A S YOU know, this is our quarterly division staff meeting. There was a time when the quarterly division staff meeting was looked forward to as a time when the staff would be able to personally make suggestions for bringing about safer operation and reducing personal injury accidents, but at that time the regu- lar division staff meeting was our only time for getting together and making sug- gestions, exchanging views, etc. During the last two years the members of this committee meet each Monday morning and discuss every personal injury sustained during the previous week, together with settlements made during the same time. We also discuss the killing of stock, as well as damage to equipment, and division quarterly staff meeting cannot but be a repetition of suggestions made previously at our weekly meetings. I feel that it is a hard matter to bring up new subjects at these quarterly meetings ; however, there is no objection to bringing up for further handling, views and suggestions that have already been discussed. WIRES ON FLAT CARS. This matter was taken up at our previous safety meeting. Mr. H. G. Mackey, Claim Agent, and other members of the committee, say there has been a marked improvement in this respect, and they have noticed but few flat cars passing over the road with wires attached to the side pockets, stakes, etc. PERSONAL INJURIES. Attention is called to flat cars passing over the line of road empty with long side stakes leaning in side pockets, which often are not securely fastened and as a result strike an obstruction which is liable to cause serious accident. Instructions have not been issued that such stakes must be removed before cars are permitted to go forward. 56 .; ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 57 BOND WIRES (SIGNAL PLANT). Attention is called to bond wires being raised up at switches and allowed to remain in that position which creates a hazard to employes, working along track. A special campaign will be conducted toward having maintainers and section fore- men when they find wires raised up to place them back in proper position. This practice will be followed up closely with maintainers and section foremen in order to eliminate the trouble entirely. BOTTOM DUMPS. The matter of keeping dumps properly wound up and securely fastened was impressed upon all those present. Recently the General Manager called attention to the large number of dump cars reaching mines with dumps not carefully replaced and all present were instructed to see that this was done not only to prevent damage to equipment but also to pre- clude possibility of personal injury. HAZARD OF ACCIDENT. Hazard of accident due to logs, timbers, etc., falling from cars. This subject is being given a great deal of attention on the Louisiana division, and, while we had no accident due to logs or timbers falling from cars enroute, we have experienced hazards especially with logs loaded soujth of Hammond, des- tined to New Orleans, and instructions have been issued requiring logs to be wired in addition to stakes. We have not previously required wires, in addition to stakes, or logs moving from Galva and Ruddock to New Orleans, but we feel that we cannot afford to continue the present practice. INSPECTION OF TOOLS. It is thought that division tools are not bein properly maintained. We have had few personal injuries on the Louisiana Divison that have been chargeable to the use of defective or worn out tools, and, while we have general inspection by committee in shops and by roadmaster and supervisors in road department we feel that a great deal of good can be accomplished by a special committee on each operating district, to consist of claim, agent, traveling engineer and general fore- man in reference to shop tools, and committee consisting of claim agent, traveling engineer and supervisor in reference to road department tools. The committee to make inspection of tools quarterly and make report to the Superintendent, Road- master and Master Mechanic of all defective tools found in use immediately after quarterly inspection is made. This committee will be organized on the Louisiana Division within the next ten days and the first inspection will be made within the next thirty days. We feel that a great deal of good will be accomplished by having special com- mittee to inspect tools quarterly and that this will bring about good results. COMPLIMENT TO BAGGAGE PORTER Clinton, 111., April 24, 1918. Mr. L. A. Downs: I am quoting below letter from Mrs. W. S. Evans. 55th Blvd and Michigan Ave., Chicago, which is self explanatory and which, of course, has been -acknowledged. I would suggest that this communication be printed in the employee's magazine.. The porter concerned will be complimented on his action. "We owe a compliment to your negro baggage employee, Homer Breedlove. We wish to state to you of his courtesy to mother and my two children, assisting them to the parlor car on the Chicago train after arriving in Clinton about 1 o'clock p. m. March 25, 1918, without the thoughts of a tip. This practice is certainly appreciated by us,, as mother failed to give him a tip." J. W. Hevron, Superintendent. A Brief Glance at the Coal Situation By F. H. Law, Assistant General Freight Agent CO much has recently been said about and so many have, by actual experi- ence, been impressed with the impor- tance of coal to us^ individually and as a nation, that little space need be devot- ed to the vital necessity of dealing with this commodity in the most in- telligent and unselfish way possible in these stressful times. As in many other things, our land of plenty is richly endowed with coal, it being estimated that the United States has fifty-one per cent of all the coal in the world. The deposits have a wide range in character and location. The grades may be broadly grouped into five classes anthracite, semi-bi- tuminous, bituminous, sub-bituminous and lignite. Practically all anthracite is produced within an area of about 480 square miles in the State of Pennsylvania. Nor- mally, its greatest use 'is for domestic heating purposes. Semi-bituminous, or so-called "Smokeless" coal is found principally in West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Arkansas and Oklaho- ma. It is an excellent steam coal, some grade? of it can be utilized in making coke, it is used for blacksmithing pur- poses and quite extensively as domestic fuel. Bituminous coal is found in twenty states with a great diversity of quality and uses. Sub-bituminous resembles bituminous coal, being of lower grade. It is found principally in Colorado, New Mexico, Wyoming, Montana and in many of the districts of Washington and Oregon. Lignite is the name for what might be termed an unfinished coal, it being a formation between peat and sub-bituminous. It is produced in eastern Montana, the Dakotas and Texas. Normally the coal production in some sections of the country exceeds the consumption while the reverse is true in other sections. We thus have two factors which have a marked effect on the distribution of coal, viz : (1) The geographical location of the various grades and the greater adaptability of some than others for given purposes. (2) The inequality of production and consumption in various sections. When times are normal these condi- tions result in a very wide distribu- tion throughout the country requiring many thousands of miles of transporta- tion. Under ordinary conditions this is as it should be, but we are now engaged in the greatest war the world has ever known and the nation's coal supply, just as everything else we possess, must be utilized in the best possible way to insure an American victory. As is well known the Government, 58 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 59 early in the war, undertook the regula- tion of the coal supply. The United States Fuel Administration realizing that one of the great problems is that of distribution and having in mind the unsatisfactory conditions last winter, devised and put into effect April 1st this year, the present Zone System for the distribution of bituminous coal. To use the words of the U. S. Fuel Administration "The general effect of the Zone System is to restrict eastern coal to eastern markets and fill the va- cancy in the Central and Western states with near-by coal produced in those states." It is expected that by thus restrict- ing the zones of distribution a great saving in transportation will be made and the volume which the railroads will be able to transport will be corre- spondingly increased. An important feature which some have overlooked is that there is op- portunity for wasting transportation within the zones and that the prin- ciples which were applied in fixing the zones can be used with good effect in making the distribution within them, Points on the Illinois Central, can, in the majority of cases be most efficient- ly supplied from mines on that line and the same is true of other coal producing railroads. Of course, this is not invariably the case, but in any event long and circuitous routes and cross-hauling should, and by the exer- cise of judgment and co-operation, can be avoided. The whole plan means that a great many must use coal not so well adapt- ed to their purpose as is normally available but in this as in all other sim- ilar situations all should be, and a large majority are, prepared to make such sacrifices as are necessary to "help win the war." Last, but by no means least, none should overlook the importance of get- ting their supply now when the rail- roads can transport it promptly. Every ton stored now will relieve the trans- portation lines to that extent when adverse weather conditions come and will help insure" a supply when it might otherwise be uncertain. General Supt. Egan Thanks Mr. Bryant Jackson for Saving Bridge at Watson's Bayou July 26, 1918. Bryant Jackson, Box 71, Philipp, Miss. Your letter of July 6th addressed to our Superintendent, Mr. V. V. Boatner, in regard to your discovering and extinguishing fire at our bridge at Watson's Bayou April 12th, 1918, has been sent to me. I was advised of your action some time ago, but on account of not having your address, I could not write you. I am now availing myself of the opportunity to thank you in behalf of the Railroad Administration of the United States Government for the valuable service you rendered by your forethought and prompt action when discovering the fire. Such actions aid our Government and its Allies in more promptly winning the war; and you have proven yourself in this instance a real patriot. Again thanking you, I am, Yours truly, (Signed) A. H. EGAN. General Superintendent. TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT Minutes of Meeting Held at McComb, Miss v 2 :00 P. M. May 12th, 1918 PRESENT: Mr. J. G. Hayes, Chairman. Mr. H. A. Comfort, Vice-Chairman. Mr. G. E. Patterson, Superintendent. Mr. T. J. Quigley, Train Master. Mr. W. McCubbin, Chief Clerk to Supt. Mr. J. J. Carruth, Divsn. Claim Clerk. Mr. E. P. Russell, Agent Brookhaven. Mr. H. P. Hungate, Agent Summit. Mr. B. L. Baker, Agent Tickfaw. Mr. W. H. Allen, Agent Independence. Mr. C. S. Rand, Agent Hammond. Mr. M. W. Webb, Agent Fernwood Mr. A. P. Guntharp, Agent McComb. Mr. W. A. Cram, Agent Amite. Mr F. E. Carruth, Agent Johnston Mr. E. P. Jerome, Agent Gluckstadt. Mr. E. C. Ellerton, Agent Osyka. VISITOR : Mr. E. K. McGinty, Traveling Auditor. \/f EETING was called to order by the Chairman promptly at the appointed hour and after roll call the reading of minutes of previous meeting was dispensed with, after rising vote. Under the order of business, "Communications", a letter from Mr. J. L. East, Superintendent of Freight Service, Chicago, dated Feb. 7th, 1918, was read, the communication having been received just after the previous meet- ing: While this letter was written in connection with subject, "The careful handling of freight thereby keeping down loss and damage and conserving food supply," which was discussed at meeting of Feb. 10th, it covered the subject in such a thorough and concise manner, that it would not be out of place at any meeting at which the interests of the company were being ser- iously considered. After the reading of the communication, the Chairman made special mention of several of the good points brought out, which would be of practical benefit to each and every agent present and profitable to the company. Passing to "Report of Committees:" The report of Stationery Forms Committee with reference to tags to be used in tagging freight was incom- plete and more time was granted in which full report could be prepared and presented at next meeting. This committee reported that it had received assurance that forms for reporting freight received at stations in containers insufficient to safely carry the shipment, as recommended at our meeting of Feb. 10th, would be furnished at early date substantially the same as rec- ommended to the management by the Committee. Incomplete reports of 61 62 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE other Committees were discussed and referred back to the Committee for final reports. Cases were cited by agents present indicating that only recently cases had come under observation of several where had proper containers been used trouble and delay would have been avoided one where second-hand scrap brass had been placed in sugar barrel ; weight of the material in barrel being 650 pounds, of course, would not carry to destination and necessary for the shipper to repack the shipment before it could be accepted by the railroad ; another the "old regular" household goods which had to be wrapped and properly crated ;. discussion of the last case brought out the importance of properly describing such shipments and making the notations of shortage or damage at destination more specific so far as possible minute- ly describing the short or damaged article in order that it may be fully identified the description, of course, beginning with the B/L is made out cases of apparent substitution of articles under the meagre description having been cited. Superintendent Patterson was called upon to make a talk and stated that he believed if we could fix two things in the railroad, the containers and keeping billing with the freight, carload and less than carload, we would have overcome a great deal of our loss and damage expense. We have prac- tically no effective system of keeping the freight and billing together ; all of you who have worked at a transfer shed know what it is to have a car with- out complete billing, which causes over reports and it is reasonable to assume that when you make over some other station has to make shorts, the freight without the billing making the overs necessary and the billing without the freight making the shorts. I am willing to overlook error causing freight to go without the billing, but I am not willing to overlook the employee who then sends the billing out without saying something about it; we have way- bills in every mail which we do not know from where received, and to those who belong to this Association I wish you would delegate yourself as a com- mittee of one to get the thing stopped we are not going to give anyone trouble except the man who persists in sending way bills without advice as to where they are from and in cases where you receive waybills without an explanation or note enclosed indicating where from I want you to call the matter to my personal attention, enclosing to me the envelope in which received ; I am going to follow every case up. I want to see all waybills traveling with the freight, but we can't have it this way on our division without having it so on the entire railroad. It is appalling to think of the number of shipments moving on the railroad without billing. We frequently make an awful fuss about a little box of freight being over in the warehouse, but say nothing about the carloads moving without billing of which we had nine yesterday on this division moving as empties nine cars of freight ar- riving at one point without billing. Think of it! We are just drifting and when you think of the fuss sometimes caused by one little box of freight Jn warehouse and say nothing of the carloads, it is astonishing. We had a car of furniture which belonged in Illinois arrive at Jackson, Miss. I would like to receive your assistance and suggestions as to how we can keep the way- bills with the freight, carload and less than carload and if we can do this we will avoid a lot of over and short reports and stop a lot of claims. The prac- tice has grown to such an extent that it is going to be hard to get away from and will require the earnest efforts of all interested and a campaign of long duration to bring about the desired results and simply ask your hearty co- operation with view to overcoming this, to say the least of it, bad condition. ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 63 I think that the efforts of the organization in a campaign against insuf- ficient containers will be of great benefit and I will extend to the agencies the assistance of my office in whatever way possible in correcting a condi- tion which I realize contributes largely to claim payments. Another feature of the work I would like to mention at this time is the weighing of less than carload shipments and at the larger points weighing of carload freight. I believe that some of the agents have the wrong im- pression about making reports of gains from this source ; I think you have a right to request weight of the shipment from consignee on shipping ticket and if then you weigh the shipment and find a gain, believe it only fair that you show such gain on your report. While in the General Manager's office 7th of last month I saw a statement showing how many agents had made the report and was surprised at the number of blank reports. I would like to see the agencies take hold of this matter in such way as will reduce the number of blank reports. Another matter I would like to mention is yard checks : I have recently issued a circular on this subject instructing that the yard clerk who makes the check sign his name and show date on same ; this is necessary that in event of a claim we would not be in the position of having found the record but not able to use it on account of being unable to determine who made the check; a record is of no consequence in defending a suit if it cannot be deter- mined who made the record. It would be better to show track on which the car' checked is located, the car number, initial, whether loaded >or empty; in other words, make a check to which you can testify ; if the yard clerk signs his name and makes a check in such way that he can testify that he checked the car and found the conditions indicated by the check, that is all that is necessary. While it is not instructions from the General Manager that yard checks be signed, in my circular I added that they be signed by man who makes the check, in order that we may be able to produce the men who made the check to testify to same if necessary. The freight Claim Agent is making bitter complaint about agents failing to answer correspondence: "I asked the chief clerk if we had been getting any personal letters from freight claim agent with reference to Louisiana Division agencies not answering correspondence promptly ; I felt that it would be useless for me to put out a letter on it, but stated that if would advise me what agents were not making prompt replies, I would be glad to take up with them. The laws in some states require that a claim be paid within a certain time, therefore, it is obligatory on part of agents to reply to claim letters promptly that the freight claim department may complete investiga- tion and either arrange to pay or decline the claim within time required by the statutes. Agent Guntharp, McComb, reported that some mills had been loading furniture cars with lumber, which when necessary to transfer was hard to get another car of sufficient capacity to carry the load and that it was ex- pensive and created -delay to split the loads. To this Superintendent Pat- terson replied that he would undertake to bring about correction and re- quested all agents to notify him of such violations of instructions covered by recent circular issued by his office. Chairman Hayes brought up the subject of duplicate or copy of reports necessary to furnish, especially to office of Auditor of Freight Receipts, ac- count of originals lost in transit or in destination office : From the discus- sion of the subject by those present the trouble seemed to be more or less general and it was suggested that some of the trouble doubtless due to mis- 64 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE carriage in the mail. Superintendent Patterson stated that he felt this could be corrected by agents reporting cases where copies of reports requested to his office that matter might be handled in whatever direction necessary to bring about the desired results. After discussing the few topics of general interest, we passed to the first subject for discussion at the meeting, i. e., The Manibill System, and brief synopsis of the discussion follows : Agent Rand I do not know so much about this billing, handling it only from Chicago. We frequently get the billing long before the freight, which has tendency to create short reports and not infrequently it is illegible on account of having so many stamps and marks on face of the billing. I cannot see wherein it helps at my station ; it does not reduce the work and if you depend on making water copy you are going to have bad records. Agent Hayes : I take one of the yellow second sheets and make an im- pression copy, which is filled for permanent record. Agent Cram : I think the manibill would work all right if fixed up to suit our requirements; local coming in late and clerk gone I have not time in which to expense the freight and if already expensed I can frequently make deliveries of shipments that I could not otherwise deliver date received. Several of the agents at larger stations stated that they did not receive sufficient copies of expense bill under the manibill system and after consid- erable discussion of this feature, Agent Russell made motion that matter of having one additional copy of the manibill expense bill, furnishing the receiving agent with four copies instead of three copies as at present, the fourth copy to have two holes in end for filing purposes, to eliminate ne- cessity taking water copy. Further ask that the four copies be in one sheet to avoid loss of one or more copies of the billing while enroute. Motion was seconded, carried and referred to Stationery Forms Committee with instruc- tions to investigate thoroughly and report at next meeting, if possible. Chairman Hayes introduced the next subject "Filing Tariffs" : Stated that while most of 'the smaller stations had no system of filing tariffs, it served the purpose of the agents in a manner, but should a relief agent take charge of the station, he would not be able to find the tariffs, which is the result of having no standard system for filing them and that the necessity for the Association to adopt some system whereby all agencies would file tariffs in the same manner was apparent. A good many of us are express agents and are familiar with the express tariffs, which are prepared in such a manner that it is almost impossible for an agent to make an error in rate, regardless of destination of shipment. Others gave their method of filing tariffs and while the different methods met requirements of the individual agent, they were not uniform, as would be necessary in order that any agent could readily find tariffs filed by another agent. At this juncture Agent Webb made quite an interesting talk, having had experience in compiling and filing tariffs in general offices : Stated that the tariffs are based by different classifications Southern, Western and Official and that different tariffs covering the various territories were so numerous that it would require considerable time and effort to work out a system of filing that could be uniformly adopted by all stations, as it is nec- essary for the agent to know the different tariffs applying to various terri- tories; suggested that a diagram be obtained from some tariff committee, showing territory covered by the different classifications, indicating territory covered by the different tariffs, Hall's, Leland's, Hinton's, Washburn's, Ful- ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 65 ton's, etc., and of course you would not file tariffs coming under Western Classifications along with tariffs governed by Southern or Official classifi- cation or vice versa. My suggestion that you get one of these diagrams was in order that you would have a guide from which tariffs applying to certain territories could be filed together or in one section of tariffs case. Tariffs should be kept in a convenient place so that we can get them when needed and filed in such way that we can locate rate to any point. I believe that the law requires that your list of tariffs show the case number and number of shelf filed in and when you want a certain tariff you refer to your index of tariffs and opposite that tariff would be its location in the file. After the discussion of the subject of filing tariffs, it was suggested that matter be submitted to our general freight Agent before any action taken by the committee. Mr. McCubbin called attention of agents to the necessity of having the new four part export declaration accompany export shipments attached to the way bill ; serious complaint having been received in conjunction with ship- ment of a car of cabbage which was forwarded to junction point in Illinois where it was held five days for export declaration. A very interesting and instructive meeting was enjoyed by all present. J. L. MORGAN, Secretarv. Liberty Bonds D ONDS of the First and Second Liberty *-* Loans may now and until November 9, 1918, be converted into 4 T 4 per cent bonds. Bonds delivered upon conversion will ha^ e the same maturity as the bonds surren- dered. In all other respects they will be identical with the bonds of the Third Lib- erty Loan. This conversion may be effect- ed through the subscriber's bank. Holders of 4 per cent bonds of the Fir t Liberty Loan converted, presenting- them for conversion on or before November 9, 1918, will receive in exchange, without an adjustment of interest, 4^4 per cent gold bonds of 1932-47, bearing interest at the increased rate from June 15, 1918. Holders of 4 per cent bonds of the Sec- ond Liberty Loan, presenting them for con- version on or before November 9, 1918, will receive in exchange, without an ad- justment of interest.. 4J4 per cent gold bo-ds of 1927-42, bearing interest at the increased rate from May 15, 1918. Holders of coupon bonds may receive at their option either coupon bonds or regis- tered bonds; but registered bonds only will be delivered upon conversion of registered bonds, and such bonds will be registered only in the same name as the bonds sur- rendered for conversion. When registered bonds are presented for conversion, they should be assigned to "The Secretary of the Treasury for Conversion," on the form ap- pearing on the backs of registered bonds. Such assignments, however, need not be witnessed. All unmatured coupons must be attached ,to the bonds presented for conversion, ard all matured coupons must be detached. Holders of 3 T /^ per cent bonds of 1>e First Liberty Loan, presenting them for conversion on or before November 9, 1918, will receive in exchange 4% per cent gold bonds of 1933-47, bearing interest at the in- creased rate from June 15, 1918, but such holders must pay the United States Gov- ernment accrued interest at the rate of Y$ of 1 per cent per annum from June 15, 1918 to the date, of conversion. The conversion privilege on 4 per cent bonds of both the First and Second Lib- erty Loans expires on November 9, 1918, and they cannot be converted" into subse- quent issues of United States bonds which might come out at a higher rate. There- fore, holders of 4 per cent Liberty Loan bonds should in every case present them for conversion. By converting these bonds they will not only receive^ ^ of 1 per cent additional interest, but after the conversion period has expired (November 9, 1918) there will undoubtedly be several points difference in the market price of the 4 per cent and 4J4 per cent bonds. FROM THE LAW DEPARTMENT Commerce Decisions CLASS] FICATION RIGTH OF CARRIER TO RELY UPON DESCRIP- TION OF SHIPMENT AS GIVEN BY SHIPPER. Monarch Paint Company v. C. B. & Q. R, R. Co. et al, 49 ICC 367. In this case it appeared that on two carload shipments billed as tar, the carriers had assssed charges at the rate applicable to paint. The Commission said : "The carriers insist that the commodity is in every sense a paint and that the rate of 95 cents was legally applicable. They urge that as com- plainant has represented, branded, and sold the commodity to the public as paint, the carriers have a right to rely upon such facts as to the nature of the commodity tendered for transportation. In support of this contention they cite Andrews Soap Co. v. P. C. & St. L. Ry. Co., ICC 41, in which we said: "When a manufacturer describes his article to the public for the pur- pose of making a market for it, he also so describes it for purposes of carriage, and it seems as reasonable that the carrier should have a right to accept 'he manufcturer's representation concerning his product as that the public should be influenced by it in the purchase of the article. "Upon all the facts of record we find that refined tar or hydrocar- bonite, as herein described, is a form of paint falling within the tariff description of articles taking the rates applicable to paint." COMMODITY RATES RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS RATES. In the case of Macaroni Manufacturers' Association v. A. G. S. R. R. Co. et al., 50 ICC 289, the Commission said: "We can not subscribe to complainant's contention that the state of relativity between commodities which features the classification as the real foundation of its structure must necessarily extend to com- modity rates. As a matter of fact the reason why a commodity rate is established is that conditions require a departure as to the particular article from this very plan of grouping together certain articles. Those exceptional conditions do not necessarily apply to all commodities ; otherwise the class rate would give way entirely to the commodity rate. Nor is this idea of classification relationship necessary to be followed as between carload and less-than-carload commodity rates on the same article. Conditions may demand a departure from the classification basis as to carload and not as to less-than-carload traffic, as apparently has been the case even with respect to cereal products, which move on the class rates in less than carloads." POINT OF ORIGIN WEIGHTS SHRINKAGE. In the case of William Adams et al. v. A. B. & A. R. Ry. Co. et al., 49 ICC 415, the complainant charges collected on watermelons from certain points in the South of Chicago 67 68 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE based on the point of origin weights were unreasonable to the extent that they exceeded the charges that would have accrued based on destination weights, and that the tariff rule providing that charges would be based on weights at point of shipment was unreasonable The complainant in his brief requested a special finding that the tariff rule under attack should be eliminated and a rule prescribed providing for correction of the billed weight when the difference between it and the destination weight exceeded a reasonable tolerance. The Commission pointed out that such a rule would disregard shrinkage, as to which considerable evidence was introduced. The Commission said : "Results of various tests were submitted both by complainants, who attempted to show that watermelons do not shrink, and by defendants, whose evidence, corroborated somewhat by complainants' witnesses, indicates clearly that a shrinkage occurs in the weight of watermelons during the first six or eight days after picking, this being the usual period of transportation from the fields to Chicago. It is shown also that the shrinkage varies greatly and that it is influenced by many things, including the distance hauled, the season, the locality where grown, the kind of soil and fertilizer, and the species of melon. "In Topeka Banana Dealers' Asso. v: St. L. & S. F. R. R. Co,, 13 ICC 620, we refused to establish a shrinkage allowance on bananas, for the reason, among others, that shrinkage varied with distance, and was, therefore, one of the elements to be considered in fixing the rate. The record herein justifies a like conclusion. "Following In re Weighing of Freight by Carrier, 28 I. C. C. 7, and Northern Mercantile Co. v. A. E. R. R. Co., 42 I. C. C. 290, and other cases, we are of the opinion and find that the rule attached is not unrea- sonable or unduly prejudicial, as it does not prohibit the correction of the billed weights when shown to be erroneous." SALE OF UNCLAIMED OR REFUSED FREIGHT. ORDER OF DI- RECTOR GENERAL. General Order No. 34 of the Director General, dated July 10, 1918, relating to the above matter reads as follows : "Carriers subject to Federal Control shall sell at public auction to the highest bidder without advertisement, carload and less than carload nonperishable freight that has been refused or is unclaimed by consignee and has been on hand for a period of sixty days. The consignee, as described in the waybilling, shall be given due notice by mail of the proposed sale. "Perishable freight shall be sold whenever in the judgment of the agent or other representative of the carrier it is necessary to do so, such reasonable effort being made to notify the consignee as described in the waybilling as the circumstances will permit. "The place of sale of both nonperishable and perishable freight shall be determined by the carrier. The net proceeds, if any, after deducting freight and other legitimate expenses, will be paid over to the owner on proof of ownership." CLEANINGS from me OAMS DEPARTMENT Jnterostmg - jVews - of- ^Doings of XD7 * f^~ 1 */"*\ /" x'i^ Uannants- Jn a/za C/# * <* Coatf THE GOVERNMENT ENTERING THE FIELD OF PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS The Twenty-Ninth Annual Conven- tion of the National Association of Rail- way Claim Agents was held at the La- Salle Hotel in Chicago on the 30th ult. It was the first regular convention held by the 'Association since our country entered the world war. The holding of the convention at this time was spe- cially authorized by Hon. John Barton Payne, General Counsel of the Railroad Administration, who was represented at the meeting by Hon. J. H. Howard. Manager, Claim Section, Division of Law, of the Railroad Administration. In his address before the convention, Mr- Howard stated that the policy of the Government in dealing with claim- ants, through the Claim Agents of the Federal railroads, would be to deal with them direct, without the intervention of intermediaries, and to deal with them promptly and fairly. He quoted from General Counsel Payne's various letters on the question of discouraging litiga- tion against the Federal railroads, which means litigation against the Government. Mr. Howard made a most favorable im- pression upon the convention and those present felt that Judge Payne had made no mistake in the selection of his assist- ant to be charged with the responsibility of handling claims. Mr. Howard said the real purpose of holding the conven- tion at this time was that the Govern- ment needed the advice and recom- mendations of the practical claim men representing the Federal railroads. He said the Railroad Administration was getting thousands of suggestions of what should be done from those who had no practical knowledge of the claim busi- ness. The Government wanted sugges- tions from practical claim men, and he therefore requested that the convention create an Executive Committee, com- posed of the President of the Associa- tion and four members, to be selected by the President, to confer frequently with the representatives of the Govern- 69 70 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE ment and to make recommendations re- garding the handling of all claims against the Federal railroads, except freight claims. The Executive Commit- tee named by the President of the As- sociation is as follows : Ralph C. Rich- ards, General Claim Agent, C. & N. W., Chicago, Chairman; Frank V. Whiting, General Claims Attorney, New York Central, New York; A. H. Mansfield, Claims Attorney, Missouri Pacific, St. Louis; D. H. Kimball, General Claim Agent, Great Northern, St. Paul; H. B. Hull, General Claim Agent, Illinois Cen- tral, Chicago. The members of the Association were asked to make their suggestions to the Executive Committee. Mr. Howard let it be understood in his remarks be- fore the convention that the Executive Committee would be a most important Committee and that it would have ardu- ous duties to perform. THE LULL AND LURE OF THE AUTOMOBILE Assistant General Claim Agent E. W. Sprague addressed the Rotary Club at Vicksburg, Miss., recently on the sub- ject of the lull and lure of the automo- bile, as follows : "The fore part of last month I spent a day with your president in the city of Jackson and while at lunch he enter- tained me with stories of the practical jokes he had seen played upon the mem- bers and also at times upon the presid- ing officers of different Rotary Clubs he had attended. He then invited me to address this club and would not accept a declination. So I am here, but with fear and trembling, for I still mistrust there is a joke about it somewhere. If your president was serious then he has been misled. At any rate you are the victims- "That I am no orator it is unnecessary for me to state as you will shortly dis- cover that fact, but in justice to myself I mention it, as I should dislike to have you feel that I am under any delusion in that regard. "As you have a claim agent for your president I assume you are not greatly prejudiced against them as a class, or possibly you have undertaken to reform one. This, at any rate, has emboldened me to attempt to say something to you about a subject with which claim agents have much to do. I may thereby escape the criticism commonly justly made of many speakers that they are talking about something of which they know nothing. "My subject, 'the Lull and the Lure of the Automobile,' is the camouflage un- der which I am going to try to say some- thing about grade crossing automobile accidents, which daily demonstrate the scientific fact that two objects cannot occupy the same space at one time with- out disaster to one or both. You have probably all heard the story of the fel- low who ran his Ford into the side of a street car. The conductor got off and after coolly looking over the situation nonchalantly said to the driver, "Don't you know you can't drive one of those things with top up under a street car?" I am equally certain that an automobile cannot run over or under a railroad train on a highway grade crossing, be- cause all sorts of people with all sorts of cars have tried it, in all seasons of the year and at all hours of the day and night and an entirely successful attempt have never come to my notice. The old saying that 'The Lord takes particular care of drunkards and small children' (both of whom by the way sometimes drive automobiles) should be extended to some other automobilists, as it is not so much a subject of amazement that so many are killed and injured by these catastrophies they invite, as that so many miraculously escape with their lives and even without any injury whatever. "However, this is not a subject which can with propriety be treated facetiously or lightly. The loss of life and the grief and mental anguish following such acci- dents disincline one to criticise those at fault. "I have been unable to find ac- curate statistics regarding such casualties throughout the country. The depart- ment I represent, however, recently ob- ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 71 tained statements from the B. & O., the C. & N. W. and the U. P. systems and compiled a statement for the Illinois Central. "During the year 1917, 34 persons were killed and 148 injured on the Illi- nois Central alone, or an average of three deaths and twelve injuries per month. Combining tftese figures with those of the other three roads shows that during the year 1917, 117 persons were killed and 590 injured on the four systems, or a total of 707 casualties. In these four systems we have a repre- sentative eastern, northern, western, southern and central system. Their com- bined mileage is 29,475. The total rail- road mileage in the United States is ap- proximately 260,000. If the casualties on other systems were about the same as on the four to which I have referred, then the total number of victims from grade crossing automobile accidents for the year 1917 on all the railroads of this country were 1,026 killed, or three per day, and 5,175 injured, or nearly 15 per day, with a total of 6,200 human be- ings killed or injured during the year. This would approximate 25% of the population of your city. "There are thousands of graves in this country which hold the victims of such accidents. Among them were people of wealth and great social and business po- sition ; people of exceptional educa- tion and refinement all grades and all classes. They in the main were killed as the result of that greatly to be la- mented American habit of taking chances. "It is a proverb that 'Self-preservation is the first law of nature.' It does not, however, apparently correctly apply to many who drive and ride in the modern method of travel along the highways, for their conduct in racing with trains and failure to look and listen for their approach at crossings which are obscure, shows little regard for self-preservation. That a man's wife and children are his most precious possessions needs no argu- ment. Any man worthy the name will willingly and eagerly give up all he has, or hopes to have, in their care and protection, even to his own life; yet he will load these incomparably precious pieces of humanity into an automobile, place himself behind the steering wheel and permit the exhilaration of the ride to lull his sense of responsibility and of danger and to lure him to dare-devil feats of speed for which he would shoot on sight a paid servant of a common carrier, thereby showing that he de- mands a much higher degree of care on the part of strangers who happen to be temporarily placed in charge of his fam- ily than he takes himself. "Oh ! but someone says, you have a prejudiced view of the matter; the rail- roads are the ones at fault ; they should separate grades, they should sound whistles, ring bells, slow down trains, place warnings on crossings or erect gates or crossing bells, or do something else. Why should they do these things? There can be but two reasons; first, a moral obligation to avoid injuring others, and second, a legal duty because the law may require some one or all of these things. But in either event the moral or legal duty spring from the necessity of taking more care for the safety of the driver and occupants of a machine than they take for themselves. After all, is not this the root of all the trouble, that we expect and demand and censure others for not taking greater precautions for our safety than we take for our- selves? How many of these legal re- quirements would be necessary if trav- elers in machines exercised all the care and caution circumstances permitted? Was there ever a railroad crossing so obscure that the driver did not know he was approaching it? What further admonition of danger is necessary than the railroad track itself, which all can see? Why do highway commissioners erect bumpers at many places a short distance back from the crossing? Not to apprise an automobile driver that he is approaching a crossing, because it is much easier to discern the track than it is the bumpers, but it is to compel the reck- less to slow down or else be hurled from 72 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE the machine. How olten we have seen or heard of a crossing flagman at Viis post, frantically waving his flag and try- ing to stop the machine, being himself struck and run over by it and either maimed or killed ; crossing gates down and run through and broken ; electric bells and illuminated signs disregarded by the driver, who not only will not take any precautions for his own safety and those in his care, but will not observe those taken in his behalf by others. Yet when an accident occurs the survivors seek to shift the responsibility by at- tempting to prove that others did- not perform their legal duties, though forced to admit that they themselves not only disregarded their legal duties, but the much higher and imperative moral duties of self-preservation and the pro- tection of their own loved ones. "No one has ever been able to make a fool-proof gun. You know the old woman said a gun was dangerous with- out lock, stock or barrel because her old man licked her with the ram rod. The only way to make a gun entire!)' fool- proof is to eliminate it. Neither railroad or legal authorities can make a grade crossing fool-proof. The exercise of proper care and caution on the part of those driving along the highway will make it fairly safe; without this we are confronted with the necessity of making it fool-proof and to do so we must do as with the gun, eliminate it, which is neither practicable or feasible at this time in most cases. It is a serious reflection upon intelligent human beings that they must have things made fool- proof for them. "Of course, I do not want to be un- derstood for a moment that railroad authorities and those running trains should not be required to take all rea- sonable precautions for guarding and protecting crossings. Where conditions make the approach of trains obscure and where the amount of travel justifies gates or watchmen may be provided and warning signals should always be given. But an examination of the accidents which have occurred shows that a much larger per cent occurred at crossings which are unobscured. The latest seri- ous grade crossing automobile accident on the Y. & M. V. R. R. occurred at Mattson, Miss., April 9th. An automo- bile driven by a young lady twenty years of age was struck on a crossing, killing four of the occupants, among them the mother and sister of the driver. The machine had been driven along the west side of the track from the depot to the crossing, a distance of 1,670 feet, and then the driver turned immediately in front of the train which was following them, although there was an wholly un- obstructed view for this entire distance and a most casual glance by her or any occupant of the machine back in the direction from which they came would have apprised them of the approaching train. "It may be of interest to note what the courts in several of the states have said in reference to the care and caution which auto drivers should take. Several of the courts have commented upon the question of whether the auto or the rail- way train has precedence when both approach the crossing at the same time. The Texas court says : " 'Of course, it is not true in either law or reason that when a person is traveling a public highway which crosses a railroad track, that such person and the railroad each have the right to pass the intersection at the same time. Com- mon sense and public welfare dictate that precedence should be accorded to railroad trains, and it is a matter of common knowledge that as a general rule the traveling public recognize and accord such right of precedence to ap- proaching trains.' "As to what drivers should do when the view at crossings is obstructed, there are a multiplicity of decisions. "The California court says that in certain instances due care may require the machine to be stopped and the driver to alight and go to the point from which he can have an unobstructed view, and in another case the court said that the driver, a woman, should have stilled the engine, where it ap- peared that its noise interfered with ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE 73 her hearing the approach of the train. "The Nebraska court says that a car should be driven at such a speed that it can be stopped after discovering the approach of the train in time to avoid a collision. "The Texas court said it was such negligence as to preclude a recovery where the driver crossed behind a train which had just cleared the crossing by 40 or 50 feet and was struck by a train going in the opposite direction on the other track. "The Oregon court has rendered a very sensible opinion in which they say: " 'An automobile properly managed is susceptible of control within very nar- row limits. It will stay where it is put. It is not to be frightened, yet, unless controlled, it is an engine of great dan- ger, and the larger question of safety to the public and travelers upon trains, re- quires that one operating such a ma- chine should carefully look upon the track itself where a railroad train may be expected, if there be opportunity to so inspect the situation.' "The Iowa court has also stated that the exercise of due care may require the driver to alight and go ahead for the purpose of looking. "Kansas has a national reputation as a Populist state and is pre-eminently a farmers' state and presumably not overly partial to the railroad's side of such questions, but the court of that state has said where a man accompanied by his wife stalled his machine on the track on account of a mudhole on the crossing: " 'If the plaintiff's car had not lost power going through the mudhole and up the steep slippery grade and stopped on the track, his wife might have escaped death through his heedlessness bv about two or three seconds. The plaintiff sought to negotiate the crossing ahead of the train bv too narrow a mar- gin, however negligent the railroad company may have been in permitting the depression of three inches between the rails and plank at the railroad cross- ilng, or however steep the grade, or however muddy the approach to the crossing might be,' and denied a recov- ery. "It is a very common thing after one of these accidents for the driver and occupants of the machine to say that they looked and listened and did not see nor hear the train, although the physical facts show that the view was entirely unobstructed. The Virginia court has this to say about such a case : " 'We have repeatedly declared that courts are not required to believe that which is contrary to human experience and the laws of nature, or which they judicially know to be incredible. The court will not stultify itself by allowing a verdict to stand, athough there may be evidence tending to support it, when the physical facts demonstrate the evi- dence to be untrue, and the verdict to be unjust and unsupported in law or facts.' "The courts say that there is as great an obligation upon those riding as pas- sengers in an automobile to look and listen for approaching trains as there is upon the driver and they should caution the driver if he approaches the track recklessly. The Virginia court says : " Tt was the duty of the passenger to look out for himself. No one can be allowed to shut his eyes to danger in blind reliance upon the unaided care of another without assuming the con- sequences of the omission of such care.' "The Nebraska court says: 'The plaintiff was not charged with the responsibility of driving the auto- mobile. His opportunity to be on the lookout for impending danger was there- fore better than that of the driver It was plainlv his duty to use every rea- sonable effort to induce the driver of the automobile to slow down or stop the machine if the view of the track was obstructed.' "The Maine court says: " 'The fact that the plaintiff was not driving the car does not relieve him of all care.' "The Connecticut court has said that though the driver was signalled across bv a crossing flagman did not excuse him from looking and that he was negli- 74 ILLINOIS CENTRAL MAGAZINE gent in so increasing the speed of his car after being signalled across that he could not stop it when he reached the track and discovered the train approach- ing. ''Where the husband and wife were seated on the front seat the Iowa court says it was as much her duty to look out and discover the danger as it was his. The Federal court has said the same thing. "\\ here two traveling men were using an auto jointly in their trips around the country the Utah court denied recovery to the one who was not driving but who was injured in an accident, on the ground that it was as much his duty to take precautions as that of the driver. "These cases are from the opinions of courts in the eastern, northern, cen- tral, western and southern states ; that is, from all sections of the country. "While I hope that none of yon have been so unfortunate as to be directly interested in a personal damage case, I am sure that there has been sufficient such litigation in Mississippi, and par- ticularly in Warren County, that you must have heard something about it and perhaps you have a suspicion, which with us railroad men amounts to a cer- tainty, that the courts of this s