MAI IN REMOTE STORAC^ THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY NAN ILLINOIS Alliai iladelphia Contii New York Fideli New York Fire iladelphia Fireman's Fund Insurance Company .. San Francisco German American Insurance Company " . . NeW York Insurance Co. of North America . . . Philadelphia London & Lancashire Fire Ins. Co. . . . Liverpool Philadelphia Underwriters . .... Philadelphia Aetna Life Insurance Company (Liability and Accident) Hartford Casualty Company of America (Boiler) . . New York Metropolitan (Plate Glass) ..... :'..' . New York National Surety Company (Burglary) . . . New York The Title Guaranty & Surety Co. (Bonds) . . Scranton SURPLUS LINE Lloyds London . London Special Contracts for Insuring Automobiles MARSH & MCLENNAN Chicago Office Duluth Office New York Office London Office 159 LaSalle-st 314 Superior-st. 54 Williams-st. 123 Bishopsgate-st. [TWENTY-FOURTH YEAR] THE CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1QOO THE LIBRARY CF THE >7 r;ov 201933 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS COMPILED BY JAMES LANGLAND, M. A. ISSUED BY THE CHICAGO DAILY NEWS COMPANY [Copyright, 1907, by The Chicago Daily News Co.] PREFACE. When The Daily News Almanac was first issued, in 1885, it was a little paper-covered book of sixty-four pages. It con- tained, in addition to the calendar, the political platforms of 1884, various election returns for the same year, local and na- tional population, statistics, lists of the principal government and state officials, a very brief record of sporting and other events and some miscellaneous matter. The table of contents -occupied half a page on the inside of the back cover. The present issue is a volume of 544 large pages, to index which requires some 2,700 lines, or ten full pages. In other words, the little almanac and political record of 1885 has developed into a year-book that is almost encyclopedic in scope and size. It may be added that this issue contains over forty per cent more matter than the volume for 1907, the size and number of pages having both been materially increased. The comparison is made merely to show that the purpose of The Daily News 'Almanac and Year-Book to keep pace with the ever-widening range of topics concerning which ready and reliable information is demanded by the reading public has been carried out to a de- gree which it is believed fully meets all reasonable requirements. J2#. 't&fc T Y OF THE 1933 INDEX 1908. vious issues of The Chicago Daily News Almanac and Year-Book be- gins on page 532. Appropriations by Congress Appropriations. Chicago Appropriations. County 63 460 440 92 Abraham Lincoln Center 509 Arbitration Board of 428 Abyssinia 184 Academy French 210 Arbitration in strikes 149 ^* 1 *. ic; i. " " i A * " Accident Reports, Illinois 404 Accidents. Football 387 Archbishops. Catholic 140 268 Accidents. Fourth of July.... 62 Architect. County 435 Accidents Mining 346 4 9 8 Accidents, Miscellaneous 347 Accountants. Examiners of 428 Accounts Law, Cook County.. 4C4 Administrator Public 435 Architects. Institute. Chicago Architects. -Naval. Society of. Architectural Club. Chicago.. 512 162 512 Admirals in U. S. Navy 219 Adulteration of Food 406 Area. Chicago. Growth of.. 494, Areas of Cities 495 388 Adults, Heights and Weights. 330 Areas of States . ' 48 Adventists 137 185 Afghanistan 184 276 Arizond iiiiection ivenirns.. ... 121 Age Disability Pensions 75 Age Population by 49 Arizona Officials 276 41 276 Ages, ' Average, Chicago 477 Arkansas Officials 277 Agricultural Bank. Phillippine 75 Arkansas. Property -in 40. 41 341 Agriculture,' State Board 425 509 Agricultural Statistics . 109 405 Airships Military 130 468 Alabama Election Returns 275 Army and Navy Union 155 Alabama Officials ... 276 2 1 1 Alabama Property in 40, 41 Army Pav Table 15 Alaska * 241 374 Alaska Boundary Commission. 216 Army Retired List 213 Alaska Forest Reserves 122 145 Alaska-Yukon Exposition . 390 217 Alberta Crops in 112 . % ~ ? J Ulv/j 463 155 Aldermen, Board of 445 Art Institute 473 Aldermen Since 1837 467 488 373 Algeria 184 Artists Societies of 485 Algiers Bank of C 9 244 Alleys Chicago 475 45 Altruist Society .. 137 16 Aluminum 244 Alumni Associations 443 Asphaltum Assav Offices United States 244 196 Amana Society 137 490 Amateur Athletic Records 251 Assemblyman, Vote for 320 506 Ambassadors, Foreign 205 American Bible Society 144 Assessments. Cook County. 440, 506 429 American Constitution 33 433 America's Cup 2^5 944 American Federation of Labor 159 American Flag-Day Ass'n 158 American Hall of Fame 66 American-Japanese Troubles.. 310 Association House Association of Commerce Associations. Learned Associations National 509 477 162 352 153 American-Spanish War 1"3 American Sunday School Union 144 Astronomical Ass'n. Chicago.. Astronomical Events 512 23 American Tract Society 144 162 C 09 Andrew and Philip Broth' d . 144 527 Athletic Records 251 Anglo-Russian Treaty. 3^9 Animal Products Trade ; n.... 119 Atlantic Voyages. Fastest Attorney City 43 446 Animals Farm . . 118 435 Annexations to Chicago.. .494, 495 Attorney, Prosecuting 446 Anniversaries. Wedding 231 Antarctic Exploration VA Attorney. State's Attorneys, City . 435 467 Antiotam Park 237 Attorneys-General 65 Antimony 244 Antitrust Law. Sherman 74 Aoki. Ambassador, Recalled.. 395 Appellate Court 4?6 Attorneys. U. S. District Augustana Synod Australasia, Banks of Australia 199 144 89 1*0 Applications for Patents 67 Apportionment. Congressional. 70 Austria. Bank of Austrians in American Cities. 89 54 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Austrians in United States... 61 Austria-Hungary 180 Automobile Club 472 Automobile Law. Illinois 408 Automobile Statistics 158 Automobiling Records 25S Autumn Begins 13 Bailey. J. W.. Sketch 353 Ballinger. R. A.. Sketch 353 Balloon Racing 264 Balloon Trip. Fast 67 Ballooning. Schools of 130 Balloons, Military 130 Bank. Agricultural, Philippine 75 Bank Clearing, Chicago 504 Bank Failures. Kansas City.. 396 Bank Law. Illinois 403 Bankers' Association. Am 352 Bankhead. J. H.. Sketch 353 Banking. Growth of 91 Banking Power of U. S 91 Banking Statistics 88 Banks. Chicago. Condition 488 Banks of Chicago 487 Banks. Foreign 89 Banks, Foreign Postal Savings 90 Banks. National 88 Banks. Postal. President on.. 372 Banks, Savings, of World 90 Banks. Savings. United States 89 Banks, School, Savings 90 Banks. State 91 Baptist Officials 143 Baptists. Number 137. 138 Bar Association. American 162 Bar Association, Chicago 512 Bar Silver. Price of 86 Barley Crop by Years 116 Barley Crop of World 113 Barometer Table 269 Barytes 244 Baseball 248 Baseball. College 251 Bathing Beach 483 Baths, Free. Chicago 495 Batsmen, Champion 249 Battle Ships. United States.. 225 Bauxite 241 Beaubien. Alex.. Death of 62 Beef Packing, Chicago 508 Beet Sugar 112, 116 Belgium 1^0 Belgium, National Bank of... 89 Belmont. J. W.. Portrait 434 Benevolent Institutions 60 Benevolent Societies 146 Ben-Hur. Tribe of 148 Bennett Cup Races 258 Bequests. Notable 322 Berlin. Wreck of the 169 Bessemer Park 468 Bible Society. American 144 Bibles Sold in a Year 359 Bibliographical Society. Chi.. 512 Bicycle Industry 153 Bicycle Road Racing 268 Billiards 263 Biological Survey 373 Birds. Cage 59 Birth Rate. Foreign 62 Pirth Stones 228 Bishops. Catholic 140 Bishops, Episcopal 141 Bishops. Methodist Ill Blair, F. G.. Portrait 424 Blind and Deaf, Number 59 Blind, Homes for 61 Blind. Illinois School for 427 Blind. Industrial Home -127 Board of Trade 512 Boer War Dates 135 Bohemians in United States.. 51 Boiler Inspection 448 CHICAGQ DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. Boise. Idaho. Population 55 Bokhara 184 Bolivia 155 Bonaparte. C. J.. Portrait 192 Books. Valuable Old 217 Borah. W. E.. Sketch 353 Borax 244 Botanical Society of America. 162 Boulevards and Parks 468 Bourne. J.. Sketch 353 Bowling 263 Boxer Indemnity 191 Boys, St. Charles School for.. 4*?8 Brazil 1"5 Breunan's Monorail 243 Brethren (Church) 137, 128 Bridewell 413 Bridge Disaster, Quebec 398 Bridges, Closed Hours on 400 Briggs. F. O.. Sketch 353 Brightest Stars 25 British Empire 179 Brown. Norris, Sketch 353 Brundage. E. J.. Portrait.... 444 Bryan's New York Speech 30 Buckwheat Crop by Years 116 Buddhists in United States.., 137 Builders' Club 472 Building Associations. Illinois 410 Building Department 447 Building, Highest 105 Building Material Prices 17 r > Building Statistics. Chicago... 461 Bulgaria 181 Bulgaria, National Bank of... 89 Burnham. H. E.. Sketch 353 Burton, C. G., Sketch 353 Bushel Weights 330 Busse, Fred A., Portrait 444 Busse. William, Portrait....'.. 434 Butter. International Trade... 114 Butter Production 115 Butterine Factories 408 Cabinets. United States.... 64, 65 Cab Fares, Chicago 464 Cables. World's 42 Cacao Crop of World 115 Calendar for 1908 28 Calendar by Months 1? Calendar. Ready Reference.... 21 Calendars. Various 14 California Election Returns... 277 California Forest Reserves 121 California Officials 278 California. Property in 40, 41 Calumet Club 472 Calumet Park 468 Cambridge-Oxford Races 258 Campbell Park 469 Canada. Banks of 89 Canada, Dominion of 179 Canadians in American Cities 54 Canadians in United States... 51 Canadian Northwest Crops 112 Canal Commissioners 428 Canal, Hennepin 231 Canal. Panama 232 Canals, Great Ship 43 Canvassing Board. State 429 Cape of Good Hope 185 Capital and Labor 367 Capital Punishment 32 Capitol. Washington 63 Capitals of States 236 Captains in V. S. Navy 219 Cardinals. College of.... 140 Carnegie Foundation 133 Carnegie Hero Fund 241 Carnegie Institute. Pittsbnre.. 133 Carnegie Institution. Wash'n 133 Carrier Stations. Chicago 457 Carroll. W.. Portrait 444 Carrying Trad". Vessels in 272 Casa Grande Park 237 Casino Club 472 Casualties. Fourth of July 62 Casualties. General 347 Casualty Insurance 130 Catholic Church Officials 139 Catholics in United States.... 140 Catholics, Number .......... 137. 140 Cattle-Inspection Law ......... 408 Causes for Divorce ............. 163 Cavalry Officers ................. 212 Caxton Club .................... 472 Cement ......................... 244 Cemeteries. Chicago ............ 506 Cemeteries, National ........... 32 Census. School. Chicago ....... 473 Centenarians in United States 2?4 Center of Population ........... 46 Centigrade Thermometer ....... 108 Central America. War in ...... 188 Centralization. Roosevelt on.. 3S4 Championships, Athletic ....... 253 Chance, Frank C.. Portrait... 249 Chancery. Masters in .......... 436 Charities. Bureau of ........... 492 Charities, Commissioners of.. 427 Charities. Illinois ............... 429 Charity. County ................ 438 Charity Organizations .......... 492 Charlevoix Club ................ 472 Charter, Vote on ............... 495 Chattanooga Park .............. 237 Cheese, International Trade... 114 Cheese Production .............. 115 Chemical Industry .............. 44 Chemical Society. American... 162 Chess ........................... 264 Chicago Appropriations ........ 466 Chicago Ass'n of Commerce.. 477 Chicago at a Glance .......... 443 Chicago Athletic Association.. 472 Chicago Automobile Club ...... 472 Chicago Avenue Park .......... 471 Chicago Banks .................. 487 Chicago Board of F,ducation.. 453 Chicago Charter, Vote. on ...... 495 Chicago Club .................... 472 Chicago Commons 509 Chicago Cycling Club .......... 472 Chicago Election Returns..... 316 Chicago Elections (1908) ........ 81 Chicago Free Public Baths... 495 Chicago. Growth of ........ 494, 495 Chicago Hist. Soc. Library... 460 Chicago Manufactures .......... 505 Chicago-New York Record ..... 259 Chicago Points of Interest.... 489 Chicago Postoffiee .............. 457 Chicago Presidential Vote ..... 321 Chicago Receipts ............... 484 Chicago Rivers ................. 501 Chicago Shipments ............. 484 Chicago Theaters ............... 471 Chicago Waterworks ........... 4G2 Chicago Weather ............... 448 Chicago Woman's Club ........ 472 Chicago Yacht Club ............ 472 Chickamauga Park.. ........... 237 Chiefs of Police ................ 465 Child Glass Workers ........... 1C9 Child Labor Statistics ......... 1G8 Child Mine Workers ............ 169 Children, Heights of .......... 330 Children. Homes for ........... 403 Children in Cotton Mills ...... 169 Children, Weights of ........... 330 Chile ............................ 185 China .............. ., ............ 184 Chinese Boxer Indemnity ..... 191 Chinese Indemnity, Pres't on. 379 Chinese Calendar ......... ...... 14 Chinese in United States ...... 50 Christian Catholic Church ..... 137 Christian Endeavor Union ..... 145 Christian Endeavor. World's.. 145 Christian Science Church ..... 114 Christian Scientists ............ 137 Christopher House .............. 509 Chronological Cycles ........... 13 Chronology, Chicago ............ 441 Chronology Recent Wars ....... 135 Church Days .................... 13 Churches. Chicago. Number of 4-13 Churches in United States.... 137 Church Officials ................. 140 Cigarettes, Illinois Law ....... 404 Cincinnati, Society of.......... 155 Circuit Court 436 Circuit Court, U. S. (Chicago) 436 Circuit Courts, United States. 197 Circulation of Money 88 Circulation Statement 94 Cities. Distances Between 57 Cities, Incorp., Population... 55 Cities, Manufactures in 145 Cities. Population (1906) f,3 Cities, Rank of 53 Cities. Statistics of 388 Citizens' Association 471 Citizens. Who Are 167 Citizenship in United States.. 167 City Attorney 446 City Attorneys Since 1837 467 City Clerk 446 City Clerk. Vote for... 221 City Clerks Since 1837 467 City Collector 4-16 City Comptroller "... 446 City Engineer 447 City Officials 445 City Officials. Portraits 445 City Officials' Salaries 449 City Treasurer 446 City Treasurers 467 Civic Federation, Chicago 471 Civic Federation. National.... 352 Civil List. Illinois 425 Civil-Service Comm'rs. State.. 42S Civil-Service Com.. U. S 196 Civil Service, County 435 Civil-Service Dept,. City 448 Civil-Service League. Chicago 471 Civil Service, United States.. 78 Civil-War Survivors 98 Claims. Court of. U. S 197 Clay Products 244 Clearings, Bank. Chicago 504 Clerk. City 446 Clerks, City 467 Clerk. County 433 Clermont. The 43 Climatological As'n. Am 162 Climatology, United States... 342 Clothing Prices 175 Clubs and Clubhouses 472 Clubs, Musical 486 Coal Production 124 Coal Trust 234 Coast-Defense Ships... 226 Coast Line of United States.. 38 Coeducational Colleges 383 Coffee Consumed in U. S 152 Coffee Used Per Capita 97 Coffee. World's Trade in 152 Coinage by Nations 85 Coinage of World by Years 87 Coinage Per Capita 96 Coins, Foreign, Value 165 Coins of the United States.... 164 Coins. Value of Rare 165 Coins, Weights of 164 Cold Spring of 1907 342 Cold Summers 343 Coleman. A. W.. Portrait 444 Collector. City 446 College Baseball 251 College Colors 129 Colleges. American 125 Collegiate Championships 253 Colombia 186 Colonial Club 472 Colonial Wars. Society of 156 Colonies, Number. Etc...'. 189 Colonies of World 187 Colorado Election Returns 278 Colorado Forest Reserves 121 Colorado Game Laws 271 Colorado Officials 278 Colorado, Property in 40.41 Colored Population 50 Colors. College 1*9 Columbia. Wreck of 234 Columbia Yacht Club 472 Columbus Memorial. Wash't'n 75 Commanders. G. A. R 153 Commanders in U. S. Navy.. 219 Commerce Dept. Officials 195 INDEX 1908. Commerce. Secretaries of 65 Commercial Club 472 Commercial Statistics, Per Cap 96 Commission. Waterways 82 Commissioners. County 423 Commissions, Illinois 425 Committees, Cook County 328 Committees, Illinois 326 Committees. Nat. Political... 323 Commodities. Prices of 173 Compensation. Bureau of 447 Comptroller. City 446 Comptroller. County 433 Confederate Veterans 154 Conference. Interchurclr. 144 Congregational Officials 143 Gongregationalists. Number... 137 Congress, Library of 69 Congress, Party Linos in 79 Congress, Sixtieth 207 Congress. Speakers of 68 Congress. Work of 75 Congressional Apportionment. 70 Congressional Appropriations. fi3 Congressional Campaign Corns. 397 Congressional Districts. Cook. 441 Congressional Districts. 111... 413 Congressmen, List of 208 Conjunctions, Planetary 23 Connecticut Election Returns 278 Connecticut Officials 278 Connecticut. Property in.... 40, 41 Constitution. United States.. 33 Consuls. American 203 Consuls in Chicago 471 Contents Previous Issues 532 Contributions. Political 75 Conventions. National 82 Conventions in 1908 397 Cook Arctic Expedition 135 Cook County Accounts Law.. 404 Cook County Appropriations.. 440 Cook County Charity 438 Cook County Committees 328 Cook County Departments... 438 Cook County Finances 439 Cook County Officials 433 Cook County Vote 321 Cooley. E. G.. Sketch 353 Copper Products 244 Copyright Regulations 67 Corn Consumption Per Capita 97 Corn Crop by States 112 Corn Crop by Years 116 Corn Crop of World 110 Corn. International Trade 111 Corn Prices, Chicago 485 Cornell Square 468 Coroner 435 Corporation Counsel 44*5 Corporations. Control of 362 Correction, House of 413, 447 Cortelyou. G. B., Portrait... 192 Corundum 244 Costa Rica 186 Cotton Crop by States 113 Cotton Crop by Years 117 Cotton. International Trade.. 114 Cotton Used Per Capita 97 Cotton. World's Production... 114 Council. City 445 Council Committees 445 Councils and Mayors 236 Counties. Illinois. Facts About 421 County Assessments 440 County Commissioners 433 County Court 436 County Democracy Club 471 County Officers. Illinois 430 County Officials. Portraits.... 434 County Schools 492 Court. Municipal 401 Court of Claims, U. S 197 Court. Supreme, U. S 197 Courthouse. County 4S3 Courts. Circuit 197 Courts in Cook County 436 Cows in United States 118 Crane. W. M.. Sketch 254 Crater Lake Park 237 Crerar Library 460 Cribs, Waterworks 462 Crime. Statistics of 385 Criminal Court 43G Criminal Statistics. Chicago.. 463 Crisis. Financial 357 Crops. Farm Value of 117 Cruisers, U. S. Navy 225 Crystalline 244 Cuba 187 Cuban War Dates 135 Cuban War. Losses in 216 Cullinan Diamond 122 Cullom. S. M.. Sketch 354 Currency Legislation 364 Curtis. Charles, Sketch 354 Custom House. Chicago 489 Customs Duties. U. S 106 Customs Revenue Per Capita. 96 Cycles. Chronological 13 Daily News Fresh Air Fund. 492 Dakota Game Laws 271 Danes in American Cities... 54 Danes in United States 51 Dates Historical Events 176 Daughters of Veterans 154 Davis. Abel. Portrait 434 Davis. Jefferson. Sketch 354 Davis -Square 468 Davis. W. J., Trial of 78 Deaf, Homes for 61 Deaf. Number 59 Deaf. School for 427 Dearborn Center 509 Death, Causes of, Chicago 4(6 Death, Chief Causes. U. S... 62 Death Penalty in U. S 32 Death Rate. Chicago 476 Death Rates. American 62 Death Rates. Foreign 62 Death Roll 347 Death Statistics. U. S 62 Deaths. Chicago 350 Deaths. Foreign 349 Deaths of Noted Persons 178 Deaths of Pioneers 482 Deaths. United States 347 Debt. County 438 Debt Per Capita 96 Debt, Public. Analysis 94 Debt, Public, by Years 94 Debt Statement. Public 93 Debts of Cities 3SO Debts. National 98 Deceased Wife's Sister Law. 73 Decisions. Legal 338 Declaration of Independence. 31 Delaware Election Returns... 27S Delaware Officials 279 Delaware, Property in 40, 41 Delinquents. Juvenile 386 Democratic County Committee 32S Democratic Nat. Committee.. 323 Democratic Platform 83 Democratic State Committee. 327 Denatured Alcohol 75 Deneen. Charles S.. Portrait. 424 Deneen. Gov.. on Waterways. 399 Denmark 181 Denmark. National Bank of.. 89 Denominations. Statistics of. . 138 Density of Population 49 Dental Examiners, State 427 Department of Justice 196 Department of Lakes 215 Dependencies 187 Derby. English 24"> Derby, Kentucky 245 Derby. New American 245 Dermatological Asso'n. Am.. 162 Destroyers. U. S. Navy 225 Dialect Society. American... 162 Diamonds. Most Famous 122 Diamonds. Weights of 161 Dickinson. J. McO.. Sketch.. 3'4 Dingley Tariff Bill 69 Diplomatic Service 20? Directory Cownty Depts 438 Disciples of Christ 137 Dispensaries 459 171 444 469 Dispensaries in U. S 61 Distances Between Am. Cities 57 Distances in Chicago 493 Distances Seen on Lakes 136 Distances to Seaports 57 Distribution World's Shipping 105 District Attorneys. U. S 199 Dist. of Col., Property in.. 40, 41 District Court Judges 198 District Court, U. S. (Chicago) 436 Divorce. Causes for 163 Divorced Persons. Number... 47 Dixon. J. M.. Sketch 354 Doctrine. Drago 22 Doctrine. Monroe 22 Dolliver. J. P., Sketch 351 Douma. Second Russian 190 Dowie. J. A.. Death of... Downey. JoseOh. Portrait. Douglas Boulevard Douglas Park 469 Drago Doctrine...; 22 Drainage Canal '. 465 Dresden Heights Dam 400 Drexel Boulevard 468 Dunkards 137 Dunning Institutions 438 Duquesne Club 472 Duties Collected on Imports.. 107- Duties, Customs, U. S 106 Dwellings in United States.. 58 Eagles, Order of 147 Earth. Facts About 26 Earthquake. Kingston 177 Earthquake. San Francisco... 145 Earthquakes in Mexico Earthquakes in 1907 Easter Sunday Dates Eastern Star. Order of Eclipses in 1908 Economic Association. Am... 162 Ecuador 186 Eddy. Suit Against Mrs 384 Edgewater Country Club 472 Education. Board of 453 Fducation. Religions. Asso'n. 145 Education. Rockefeller Gift to 132 Education, Statistics of 381 Educational Asso'n. National. 162 Educational Commission, 111.. 403 Educational Com's'n. Mems.of 428 Egan. M. F.. Sketch 354 .. 185 191 272 14 146 22 Egypt Eigh teen-Hour Train Wreck. Election Calendar Election Commissioners Election. Presidential Election Returns Begin Elections. Mayoralty Electoral College.... Electoral Districts. Illinois.. Electoral Vote by States Electric Train Wreck Electrical Units Electricity. Department of.. Electro-Therapeutic Asso'n... Elevated Railroad Stations.. Elevation of Chicago Eli Bates House Elizabeth E. Marcy Home Elkins. S. B.. Sketch Elks. Order of Ember Days Emerson. H. L.. Portrait.... Emperor's Cup Employers' Liability. . Employes, City. Number Employes, County. Salaries.. Employes, Federal Employes, Railway. Hours of Encampments. G. A. R Engineer, Fngineers, Engineers. Fngineers. Engineers, Engineers, Engineers, Engineers. City.. Civil. Am. Soc'y. Electrical. Inst.. Examining Marine. Soc'y of. Median. Am. Soc. Mining. Am. Inst. Street-Railway.... Engineers, Western. Library. 177 81 448 83 275 47 69 414 69 172 269 447 162 474 443 509 509 35 148 13 434 255 3G<5 443 437 20C 76 153 447 162 1C2 417 162 162 162 447 461 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. Engineers. Western Society.. England. Bank of Euglevvood Club Euglewood Women's Club Eugiisii in American Cities.. Englishmen in United States Entomologist. State 405. Episcopal Bishops Ep worth League Equalization. Board of Eras of Time Error. Writs of, Crim. Cases Eruptions in 1907 Esperanto Esperanto Associations Europe. Population Evangelical Associations Evans. Dr. W. A.. Portrait.. Evanston Public Library Events, Foreign Events of 1907 Events. Political, of 1907 Events. Recent Historical Exclusion Law Expenditures. Illinois Expenditures. National Expenditures of Government. Exploration. Arctic Explosion on Jena Explosion on the Georgia Exports by Continents Exports bv Countries Exports by Years Exports of Gold Exports of Merchandise Exports of Silver Exports Per Capita Exports, Summary of Exposition. Jamestown Exposition, Yukon Expositions. National ,. Eye and Ear Infirmary Factory-Inspection Law Factory Inspectors Fahrenheit Thermometer Failures Fairbanks. C. W.. Portrait.. Fallieres, Attempt to Kill... Fame. American Hall of Families in United States... Fares, Cab and Hack Farm Animals Farm Crops by Years Farm Machinery. Value Fa rm Property. Value Farmers' Institute. Illinois.. Farms in United States Fastest Atlantic Voyages Feasts. Fixed and Movable.. Federal Judiciary Federal Employes Federal Offices, Chicago Fee Decision. Illinois Feeble-Minded Children. Home Feeble-Minded in States Feldspar Fellowship House Ferguson Monument Fund.... Field Museum. Chicago Field Museum Library Finances, County Finances, President on Financial Disturbance Financial Statistics Financial Statistics. Per Cap. Finland. Bank of Fireboats. Chicago Fire Chiefs. Chicago Fire Department Fire Engines. Location Fire Insurance Fire. Kingston Fire Losses and Casualties.... Fire Losses. Chicago Fire Patrols Fish Commissioners Fishing Laws Flag and Advertising Flag-Day Association Flag Law, Illinois Flags, Weather 108 Flax Crop of World 112 Flax-seed Product by States.. 112 Flood. Pittsburg .- 152 Floods 345 Florida Election Returns 279 Florida Officials 279 Florida. Property in 40, 41 Flour. International Trade... 110 Flour Production Ill Flowers. State 269 Fluorspar 244 Fly Casting 268 Fog Signals, Chicago 491 Folk-Lore Society, American. 162 Food Commissioner 426 Food Industries 44 Food. Retail Prices of 169 Food, Wholesale Prices 174 Football 2C5 Football Accidents.^ 3?7 Foot Races. Marathon 255 Fort Dearborn Club 472 Fort Massac Trustees 429 Fortnightly Club 512 Forty Club 472 Forward Movement 509 Forecasts. Weather 108 Foreign Banking Statistics.. 89 Foreign Cojns. Value of 165 Foreign Governments 179 Foreigners in Chicago 474 Foreign Standards of Time... 28 Foreign Wars, Order of 156 Forest Areas by States 123 Forest Preservation 370 Forest Products 123 Forest Reserves 121 Foresters. Order of 148 Forestry Association, Am.... 162 Fountains in Chicago 464 Fourth of July Accidents 62 France 181 France, Bank of 89 France, Revolt in 322 Frances E. Willard Settlement 509 Franchises. Street-Railway. . . 496 Francis E. Clark Settlement.. 509 Franco-Japanese Agreement... 189 Franco-Moroccan Trouble 244 Franklin Boulevard 469 Fraternal Beneficiary Asso'ns 150 Fraternal Congress. National. 149 Fraternal Insurance. Illinois. 406 Fraternal Societies 146 Fraternal Union of America. 149 Fraternities in Schools 338 Frederick Douglass Settlem't 509 Free Public Baths, Chicago.. 49 r . French Academy 210 French in Am. Cities 54 Frenchmen in United States. 51 Friends (Quakers) 137 Frye. W. P.. Sketch 354 Fuel. Wholesale Price of 175 Fuller's Earth 244 Futurity Stakes 2-15 Gad's Hill Settlement 509 Gage Park 468 Gamble. R. J., Sketch 355 Game Commissioner, State... 426 Game Laws 270 Garfield. Jas. R.. Portrait... 192 Garfield Boulevard 468 Garfield Park 469 Garnet. Abrasive 244 Garnishment 432 Garrett Biblical Inst. Library 461 Gas. Natural 244 Gen. Grant Park 237 General Staff. Array 211 Geneva Training School 428 Geographical Society. Am.... 162 Geographic Society. Chicago. 512 Geographic Society. National. 162 Geological Commission. State. 429 Geological Society of America 162 Georgia Election Returns 279 Georgia. Explosion on 119 Georgia Officials 2SO Georgia, Property in 40, 41 German Evangelical Synod... 144 Germania Club 471 Germania Maennerchor 472 German Tariff Agreement 379 ermans in American Cities. 54 Germans in United States 51 Germany 181 Germany, Bank of 89 Germany. Elections in 189 Gettysburg National Park.... 237 Gifts. Notable 322 Girls' Training School 428 Glass Industry 44 Glidden Tour 259 Goethals, G. W.. Sketch 355 Gold Coinage by Nations 85 Gold Coinage by United States 87 Gold Coinage of World 87 Gold. Exports of 105 Gold, Fineness of 161 Gold Product. U. S 85. 86 Gold, Stock of 85 Gold. World's Production.. 85, 86 Golf Championships 260 Good Hope, Cape of 185 Gore. T. P.. Sketch '355 Government Expenditures 95 Government Offices. Chicago.. 489 Government Officials 193 Government Receipts 95 Government Roads 59 Governments. Foreign 179 Governors of Illinois 432 Governors of States 236 Governors to Meet 337 Governors, Vote for Illinois.. 419 Grace, Days of 359 Graft Cases. San Francisco.. 344 Grain Inspectors. Illinois 426 Grain Prices. Chicago 485 Grand Army of Republic 153 Grand Boulevard 468 Grand Prix de Paris 245 Grant Park 468 Graphite 244 Gravity. Specific. Table 92 Great Britain 179 Great Ship Canals 43 Greece 182 Greece, Bank of.. 89 Greek Church Calendar 14 Grindstones 244 Growth of Chicago 494, 495 Guam 241 Guard. National, of States... 217 Guatemala ^ 186 Guggenheim. S.. Sketch 355 Guide. Street 514 Gunboats. U. S. Navy 226 Gypsum 244 Haas, J. F., Portrait 434 .Hack Fares, Chicago 464 Hague Peace Conference 235 Haiti 187 Hall of Fame 66 Hamilton Club 472 Hamilton Park 468 Hammond Library 461 Hanberg. J. J.. Portrait 444 Handicap. Grand American.. 262 Happel, Charles, Portrait.... -134 Harbor Lights. Chicago 491 Hardin Square. Harmony Society, rd Yf 468 137 257 233 144 280 Harvard Yale Races Haskell. C. N.. Portrait Hauge Synod Hawaii Election Returns.... Hawaii. Territory of 241 Hay Crop by Years 117 Haywood Murder Trial 80 Health Board Act 405 Health Department 446 Health. State Board of 426 Healy. J. J.. Portrait 434 Hebel. Oscar. Portrait 434 Hebrew Calendar 14 Height of Famous Structures 360 Heights of Adults 330 INDEX 1908. Heights of Children 330 Hennepin Canal 23 Henry Booth House.. 509 Hero Fund Awards 241 Hibernians. Order of 148 Highest Mountains 57 High-School Athletics 253 High Schools. Chicago 453 Historical Association. Am.. 162 Historical Events, Recent.... 176 Historical Society. Chicago.. 512 Historical Society Library... 460 Hoffman. P. M.. Portrait 434 Holidays. Legal 156 Holland 383 Hollanders in Am. Cities 54 Hollanders in United States. 51 Holstein Park 4C9 Homes in United States 58 Homes. Ownership of .53 Homestead Law Homicides in United States. 385 Honduras 186 Honduras-Nicaragua War 188 Honolulu. Population 55 Honor. Knights and Ladies.. 149 Honor. Knights of 149 Hook and Ladder Companies. 493 Hop Production of World 112 Horan, James. Portrait 444 Horse Racing 245 Horses in United States 118 Horses, Record Sales of 245 Hospital Association, Am.... 352 Hospital. County 435 Hospital Ships. U. S. Navy.! 227 Hospitals, Illinois. . . .- 427 Hospitals in Chicago 459 Hospitals in United States.. 61 Hot Springs Reservation 237 House of Lords, Power of 188 Hull House 509 Humboldt Boulevard 469 Humboldt Park 469 Humorists, American Press.. 352 Hungarians in Am. Cities.... 54 Hungarians in United States. 51 Hungary ISO Hunting Accidents 387 Hunting Laws 270 Hydrographic Office 489 Ice-Cream Factories 408 Idaho Election Returns 281 Idaho Forest Reserves 121 Idaho Game Laws 271 Idaho Officials 281 Idaho, Property in 40, 41 Illinois Assessments 429 Illinois Central Suits, Illinois 404 Illinois Charities 429 Illinois Cities, Population.... 55 Illinois Club 472 Illinois Congressional Dists.. 418 Illinois Counties 421 Illinois County Officers 430 Illinois Election Returns 281 Illinois Electoral Districts... 414 Illinois Expenditures 429 Illinois Game Laws 270 Illinois. Government of 415 Illinois Governors 432 Illinois Legislation 403 Illinois Manufactures 423 Illinois National Guard 398 Illinois Naval Reserve 398 Illinois Officials. List 425 Illinois Officials. Portraits 424 Illinois Political Committees. 326 Illinois Popular Vote 419 Illinois Population. Counties.. 420 Ill'nois, Property in 40, 41 Illinois Receipts 429 Illinois. Seal of 415 Illinois Senatorial Districts.. 417 Illiterates 49 Immigration Law 77 Immigration Statistics 201 Imports by Continents 103 Imports by Countries 102 Imports by "Fears 104 Imports, Chicago 508 Imports. Duties Collected on 107 Imports of Merchandise 99 Imports Per Capita 96 Imports, Summary of 101 Improvements. Board of 447 Income Tax. President on.... 366 Incorporated Cities, Populat'n 54 Incorporation Dates.. Cities... 388 Independence. Declaration of 31 Independence League 329 Index. Combined 532 India 179 India. Plague in.' 3.37 India. Riots in 80 Indiana Election Returns 283 Indiana Game Laws 270 Indiana Officials 285 Indiana. Property in 40, 41 Indian Population (1906) 56 Indian Reservations 56 Indian Rights Association 352 Indian Ter. Cities, Populat'n 55 Indian Ter., Property in... 40, 41 Indians in United States.. 50. 51 Indoor Athletic Records 252 Industrial Peace Foundation.. 76 Industries, Leading 44 Infantry Officers 212 Information. Bureau of 447 Infusorial Earth 2$<) Maryland Officials 290 Maryland, Property in 40. 41 Masons 146 Massachusetts Elec. Returns. 290 Massachusetts Officials 291 Massachusetts, Property In. 40, 41 Mathematical Society. Am... 162 Manretania Breaks Record... 395 Maxwell Street Settlement.., 509 Mayoralty Elections. Chicago. Mayor, Vote for Mayors and Councils Maj-ors of Chicago Mayors of Large Cities Meacham. F. D.. Portrait... Mean Local Time Measures Measures. Illinois Mechanics. Junior Order Median Point of Population.. Medical Association. Am Medical Corps, Navy Medical Inspectors. Navy Medicine. Am. Academy of.. Medico-Psychological Asso'n.. Men of the Year Mennonites Menoken Club Merchandise. Exports of Merchandise. Imports of Merchant Marine Meridian Passage. Planets.... Mesa Verde Park Message. President's Mess Pork Prices, Chicago.. Metals. Precious. Used in Arts Metcalf, V. H.. Portrait Methodist Bishops Methodists. Number Metric System Mexican Boundary Commission Mexicans in United States... Mexico Mexico. Banks of Mexico. Earthquakes in Mexico, Root's Visit Meyer, G. von L.-. Portrait.. Mica Production Michigan Avenue Boulevard.. Michigan Game Laws Michigan Election Returns... Michigan Officials .> Michigan. Property in 40, Microscopical Society. Am... Mid-Day Club " Midshipmen Drowned Midway Plaisance Mikkelsen Expedition Mile Pacing Records Mile Trotting Records Military Academy, U. S Military Balloons Militia Age. Males of Militia, by States Militia, Naval, of States Militia. State. Law Mills Tariff Bill Miller. A. W.. Portrait Mineral Lands Mineral Paints Mineral Products. Illinois Mineral Waters Minerals of United States.... Mines. Inspectors of Mining Board, State Mining Disasters Ministers, American Minnesota Election Returns.. Minnesota GTame Laws Minnesota Officials Minnesota. Property in 40. Minors in Dance Halls Mints. United States Misbranding of Foods Missions. American Missions. Foreign Mississippi Election Returns. Mississippi Officials Mississippi. Property in... 40, Missouri Election Returns Missouri Officials Missouri. Property in 40. Missouri Synod Mohammedan Calendar Monazite Money and Finance Money. Circulation of Money (Coins) of U. S Money of the World Money Order Rates 29 Money Orders. International. 30 Money Per Capita 87, 96 Monetary Standards 87 Monongah Mine Disaster 396 Monorail Invention 243 Monroe Doctrine 22 Montana Election Returns 296 Montana Forest Reserves 121 Montana Game Laws 271 Montana Officials 296 Montana, Property in 40, 41 Montenegro ~. 182 Monument Fund. Ferguson... 504 Monuments in Chicago 464 Moon, Facts About 26 Moon's Phases 15 to 20 Morgan Park Annexation Vote 320 Mormons. Number 137 Morocco 1 85 Morocco, Troubles in 244 Morrison Tariff Bills 69 Mortality Rates. Cities 476 Mortality Statistics. Chicago. 476 Mortality Statistics, U. S.... 62 Mountains, Highest 57 Mount Rainier Park 237 Mueller Certificate Decision.. 411 Mules in United States 118 Mulkey. F. W.. Sketch 355 Municipal Art League 488 Municipal Court Act Amended 405 Municipal Court, Chicago 401 Municipal Lodging House 4!<* Municipal Playgrounds 483 Municipal Voters' League 471 Municipalities. League 352 Museum, Field 510 Musical Clubs, Chicago 486 Mystic Shrine. Nobles 148 Mystic Workers. Order 149 McCabe. J. R., Portrait 444 McCullough. J. S.. Portrait.. 424 McKinley Monument 398 McKinley Park 468 McKinley Tariff Bill 69 McLaren. William. Portrait.. 434 Naples. Bank of 89 National Banks 88 National Conventions 82 National Debts, Revenues. Etc. 98 National Government Officials 193 National Guard. Illinois 398 National Guard of States 217 National League Baseball 248 National Parks 237 National Railway Statistics.. 120 National Union 149 Nativity. Population by 50 Natural Gas 241 Naturalists. Am. Society of.. 162 Naval Architects. Soc. of 162 Naval Reserve. Illinois 398 Navies and Armies 341 Navies, Comparative Strength 218 Navy Active List 219 Navy and Naval Militia 218 Navy Department Officials... 194 Navy of United States 219 Navy Pay Table 224 Navy. President on 376 Navy Retired List 223 Navy Target Practice 37 Navy. U. S.. Ships of 225 Nebraska Election Returns... 296 Nebraska Forest Reserves 121 Nebraska Game Laws 270 Nebraska Officials 297 Nebraska. Property in 40, 41 Necrology 347 NegotiabI -Instrument Law... 405 Negroes in United States 50 Neighborhood House 509 Nelson. Knute. Sketch 355 Netherlands 183 Netherlands. Bank of 89 Nevada Election Returns 298 Nevada Forest Reserves 121 Nevada Officials 298 Nevada. Property in 40, 41 INDEX 1 Newberry Library 460 New Illinois Athletic Club... 472 New Hampshire Elee. Returns 298 New Hampshire Officials 298 New Hampshire, Prop'ty in. 40, 41 New Jersey Election Returns. 298 New Jersey Officials 298 New Jersey, Property in... 40. 41 New Mexico Elec. Returns.. 298 New Mexico Forest Reserves.. 121 New Mexico Officials 299 New Mexico, Property in.. 40, 41 Newspapers in U. S 359 Newspaper Publishers' Asso'n 352 New York City Election 315 New York Election Returns. 299 New York Officials 301 New York. Property in.... 40. 41 New York Public-Utilities Law 331 Nicaragua 136 Nicaragua-Honduras War 188 Nicknames, State 269 Nightingale. A. F., Portrait.. 434 Nike Club... t 472 Nobel Prize. President's 76 Nobel Prizes, Winners of.. 131, 396 Nobles Mystic Shrine 148 No-Hit Ball Games 250 Nome City. Population 55 Normal School Trustees, 111.. 425 North America, Population.. 45 North Carolina Elec. Returns. 301 North Carolina Officials 302 North Carolina, Prop'ty in. 40, 41 North Dakota Elec. Returns. 302 North Dakota Officials 302 North Dakota, Prop'ty in.. 40, 41 North. Farthest 135 North Shore Park District.... 471 Northwestern Game Laws 270 Northwestern Univ. Library.. 461 Northwestern Univ. Set'm't.. 509 Notable Gifts 322 Noted Dead 178 Norway 182 Norway. Bank of 89 Norway. Woman Suffrage 73 Norwegian Synod 144 Norwegians in Am. Cities 54 Norwegians in United States 51 Nulli Secundus Balloon 130 Number Four Square 468 Numerals. Roman and Arabic 92 Numismatic Society. Am 162 Numismatic Society. Chicago. 165 Nurseries 61 Oaks Club 472 Oat Crop by States Ill Oat Crop by Years 116 Oat Crop of World 11? Oats, Prices, Chicago 4So Obituary 347 Occupations in United States. 171 Ocean Yacht Race 256 Ocean Mail Service 374 Ocean Records 43 Oceania. Population 45 Oceans, Area of 170 Oceans, Depths of 120 Odd Fellows, Order of 147 Officers of the Army 211 Officers of the Navy 219 Officials, City, Portraits 445 Officials, County 423 Officials, Terms of 507 Ogden Park 468 Ohio Election Returns 302 Ohio Officials 304 Ohio, Property in 40, 41 Oil Cake, International Trade 114 Oil-Cake Meal 114 Oil Inspection 448 Oil Production 124 Oil. Standard, Trial 233 Oilstones 944 Oklahoma Census (1907) 2C9 Oklahoma Cities. Population.. 56 Oklahoma Constitution 238 Oklahoma Election (1907) 304 Oklahoma Forest Reserve... .. 121 Oklahoma Officials 305 Oklahoma, Property in 40. 41 Oklahoma. Seal of 238 Oklahoma. State of 238 Old Residents. Chicago 478 Olivet House 509 Olson, Harry, Portrait 444 Olympian Records 254 One Day's Trains, Chicago... 484 Ophthalmological Society, Am. 162 Orange River Colony 185 Orchestral Association 486 Oregon Election Returns 305 Oregon Forest Reserves 121 Oregon, Property in 40, 41 Order Eastern Star 146 Orders, For'gn. of Chicagoans 07 Oriental Society, American... 162 Orphanages 61 Orthopedic Association. Am.. 162 Oscar II., Death of 390 Ottoman Bank 89 Owen. R. L., Sketch 355 Owls. Order of 149 Ownership of Homes 58 Oxford-Cambridge Races 258 Pacing Records 247 Packing in Chicago ".03 Packing Statistics 121 Packing-House Prod'ts. Trade 119 Palmer. Frank W.. Death 456 Palmer Park 468 Panama 1S6 Panama Canal 232 Panama Canal, President on.. 371 Panic, Money 357 Paper Industry 44 Paraguay 186 Parcels Post 30 Parcels Post, President on 372 Pardons. Board of 428 Parental School, Chicago 453 Park Areas. Chicago 470 Park Areas of Cities 388 Park Commission. Special 471 Park Commissioners 468 Park Finances 452 Park Legislation 405 Parks and Boulevards 4G8 Parks, National. 2T7 I arty Lines in Congress 79 Party Platforms (1904) 83 Passports 73 Patent Office Statistics..;,.'... 67 Patents. Applications for...;.. 67 Patriotic Societies 153 Patriotic Sons of America 148 Paupers in States 61 Pavements. Chicago 475 Pay Directors, Navy 222 Payments. City. 38S Paymaster. City .. A 446 Pay Table. Army 215 Pay Table. Marine Corps 224 Pay Table, Navy 224 Peace Conference, American.. 235 Peace Conference, Hague 235 Peace, Industrial, Foundation 76 Peary Arctic Expedition 135 Pedestrianism 268 Pediatric Society, American.. 162 Penitentiary. Commission 403 Pennant Winners.. 251 Pension Office. Chicago 489 Pensions. Age Disability 75 Pension Statistics 229 Pennsylvania Elec. Returns.. 305 Pennsylvania Officials 307 Pennsylvania, Property in.. 40. 41 People's Party Nat'l Com 325 People's Party State Com 327 Persia 184 Persia. Death of Shah of 17S Persons. Heights and Weights 330 Peru 186 Petroleum Production 124 Petroleum Refining 124 Pharmacy. State Board of.... 427 Philatelic Society. Chicago 512 Philippine Agricultural Bank. 75 Philippine Delegates 315 Philippine Islands 40 Philippine War Dates 135 Philippine War Losses 216 Philippines. Population 210 Philippines, Society. Army of 1?5 Philological Association. Am.. 162 Phosphate Rock 244 Physician, County 435 Physicians, Ass'n of Am 162 Pioneers. Chicago 478 Pioneers, Death of 482 Pioneers. Societies of 4P6 Pistol Shooting 263 Pittsburg, Flood in 152 Plague in India 337 Planetary Conjunctions 23 Planets. Solar 26 Planets. The 24. 26 Platform Utterances (1907).... 83 Platforms. Party (1904) 83 Platinum 244 Playground Association, Am.. 352 Playgrounds. Municipal 4S3 Points of Interest. Chicago... 489 Polanders in American Cities 54 Polanders in United States.... 52 Polar Record 135 Police. Chiefs of 465 Police Department 448 Police Department, Work of.. 463 Police Stations 492 Policemen, Number in Chicago 443 Political Associations. Chi... 471 Political Committees. Nat'l.. 323 Political Complexion of States 71 Political Contributions 75 Political Equality League 471. Political Events of 1907 84 Political Science. Am. Acad.. 162 Poll Tax 76 Pontiac Reformatory 428 Poor Relief 438 Popular Vote (1824-1904) 66, 68 Population Am. Cities (1906).. 53 Population by Ages 49 Population by Color 50 Population by Nativity 50 Population by Sex 50 Population. Center of 46 Population, Density of 49 Population Estimates in 1906.. 48 Population Great Cities 45 Population Incorporated Cities 54 Population, Foreign-Born 51 Population. Eoreign. Chicago. 474 Population Illinois Counties.. 420 Population. Indian (1906) 56 Population. Median Point 46 Population. Negro 50 Population of Chicago 475 Population of Oklahoma 239 Population of Philippines 240 Population of U. S. in 1910... 48 Population Statistics 45 Populist Platform 83 Pork Packing, Chicago 508 Pork-Packing Statistics 124 Pork Prices. Chicago 486 Porter. F. W.. Portrait 424 Porto Rico 241 Porto Rico Election Returns.. 307 Porto Rico Forest Reserve 122 Porto Rico Officials 307 Ports. Great 239 Ports. Lake, Tonnage of 218 Portugal 182 Portugal, Bank of 89 Postage Rates 29 Postal Banks, President on... 372 Postal Cards 29 Postal Revenues Per Capita.. 97 Postal Savings Banks 90 Postal Statistics 387 Postal Statistics of Nations.. 120 Post. Parcels 30 Post. R. H.. Sketch 355 Postmasters-General 65 Postmasters in Cities 387 10 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1908. Postmasters of Chicago 41? Postaffice Chicago 457 Railways W r orld's.. . . 42 Rose J A Portrait 4 -:> 4 Rank of Cities .. 53 Postofflce Dept. Officials 195 Postoffices in Illinois 417 Rates License . 510 Roumania, Bank of 89 Rowing 257 Royal and Select Masters. ... 146 Raymer. W. J.. Portrait 444 Ready-Reference Calendar 21 Real-Estate Transfers 396 Potato Crop by Years 117 Powder Trust 234 Power-Boat Racing 256 Reaumur Thermometer 10S Practice Law Illinois 405 Receipts Chicago 481 Practice Schools. Chicago 453 Presbyterian Church Officials. 142 Presbyterians, Number 138 President, Vote for (1904) 275 Presidential Election (1908)... 83 Presidential Succession. .. .69 Receipts from Duties 107 Receipts, Gov't. Per Capita.. 96 Receipts Illinois 4 9 9 Rubber Trade in I 1 4 Ruef. Abraham. Case 344 Running Records 245 Receipts of Cities 388 Russell Square ... 468 Receipts of Government....... 95 Russia . 183 Receipts State 95 Rassia Bank of 89 Presidential, Vote (1824-1904) 66, 68 Presidents, Burial Places 68 Presidents List of 64 65 Reclamation. President on 369 Reclamation Projects 74 Recorder's Office 4*53 Russia. Events in 190 Russian Calendar 14 Russian-English Treaty 339 Russians in American Cities.. 54 Russians in United States.... 51 Russo-Japanese Treaty 189 President's Message 361 Record-Herald Expedition 134 Records Ocean 43 Press Club 472 Press Humorists . .. . 352 Records Olympian . 254 Prices of Food Retail 169 Records. World's Athletic.... 254 Red Cross Illinois 492 Prices. Relative. Commodities 173 Prices Wholesale 174 Rye Crop by Years 116 Red Cross National 352 Rye Crop of World...... 113 Ryerson Library 461 Primary-Law Decision .. .. 4 9 2 Red Men. Orderof 148 Referendum Voters' League... 471 Reformatory State . 428 Principal Seaports of World.. 239 Principals of Schools 453 Saddle and Cycle Club . ... 472 Printers Old Time 486 Reform Bureau. International 352 Reformed Church , 138 Sage Mrs Russell 136 Printing Office. United States 196 Prison Commission. Internat'l 216 Prison Industries. Board 428 Prisoners in Chicago 463 Prisoners Statistics of 3S5 Sailing Ships, U. S. Navv.... 228 St. Charles School for Boys.. 428 St. Ignatius Library 461 St Mary's Settlement .. 5^9 Regimental Officers 212 Registration of Voters . . . . 468 Registration Trade-Marks 71 Regular Army and Militia.... 217 Regular Army Union 155 Saints Latter-Day . 137 Prisons, Illinois 428 Salaries, City Officials 449 Prizes, Nobel 131 Reichstag Elections 189 Salaries Congressional 75 Probate Court.. 436 Relief and Aid Society 492 Salaries, County Officials 437 Salaries State Officers . . . 404 Professions in United States.. 171 Progress of United States 39 Progressive Health Club 472 Religions of the World .. 145 Religious Education Ass'n 145 Religious Festivals 13 Salaries of Teachers . 456 Salary Law. Cook Conntv 404 Salem (Mich.) Railroad Wreck 134 Sales Record 245 Prohibition bv States 206 Prohibition Central Com 329 Prohibition Districts. Chi.. 502, 503 Prohibition Movement 206 Religious Societies, Chicago... 473 Religious Statistics 137 Representatives. House of 208 Republic. Grand Army of 153 Republican County Committee 328 Republican Nat'l Committee. 323 Republican Platform 83 Saloons Near Military Posts.. 404 Saloons. Number in Chicago.. 443 Salt Production . 244 Prohibition Nat'l Committee.. 324 Prohibition Platform 83 Salvador 187 Prohibition State Committee.. 327 Prohibition Vote. Oklahoma.. 305 Property in States 38 40 Salvation Armv 145 Republican State Committee.. 326 Republics, Am., Building 186 Republics. American, Bureau. 216 Salvationists, Number 138 San Francisco Earthquake 145 San Francisco Graft . 344 Sanitary District 465 Protective Associations 47 Residents. Old. of Chicago 478 Resin Trade in 114 Sanitary District Act. 405 Sanitary Trustee, Vote for.. 320 Public Baths. Chicago's Free. 495 Public Debt Analysis 94 Resources, Natural, Saving. . . 337 Retired List Army 213 Public Debt bv Years 94 Public Debt Statement 93 Public Domain 271 Retired List Navy 223 Sault Ste. Marie Traffic 210 Savings Banks of World 90 Savings Banks. School 90 Savings Banks. United States 89 Scalping. Theater-Ticket 4C5 Schmidt, W. E., Portrait 434 Schmitz Case 344 Returns Elections 276 Public Health Ass'n, Am 162 Public Library 4fO Revenue Internal 273 Revenues National PS Public Service, Superintendent 433 Public-Utilities Law. N. Y... 331 Public-Utilities Law. Wis.... 336 Public Works Department.... 446 Pugilism . . 266 Review. Board of 435 Revolutionary Pensioners 231 Revolution, Daughters of 157 Revolution Russian.. .. . . 190 School Age. Persons of 49 Schools. Common 381 School Finances, County 495 School Fraternities 338 Revolution Sons of . 157 Pulliam. H. C., Portrait 249 Revolution. Sons of American 157 Revolver Shooting 263 Pullman Cars Value 38 Pullman Public Library 461 Pulse at Different Ages 243 Punishment. Capital 32 Rhode Island Elec. Returns.. 307 Rhode Island Officials 307 Rhode Island. Property in.. 40, 41 Rice Crop by States 115 Schools, Cook County 492 Schools of Chicago 453 Schools, Public. Illinois 410 School Statistics 381 Pupils in Chicago Schools 456 Pure-Food Law Illinois... 406 Rice Crop of World 112 Schools. Superintendent of 435 Science. American Association 162 Science, Nat'l Academy of... 162 Scientists Christian 137 Pyrite Production .. 244 Richardson. H. A.. Sketch 3E6 Rifle Shooting . . 261 Quadrangle Club . 472 Quakers (Friends) 137 Riots in India 80 Qualifications for Suffrage 72 Quebec Bridge Disaster 398 Quicksilver Production 244 Racing Records, Horse 245 Rising of Planets 26 Scotch in American Cities 54 Scotch in United States . . 51 River Chicago 501 Rivers Longest .. ""70 Scotland, Bank of 89 Road Rules for Automobiles.. 4 1 Scott. T. W., Portrait 421 Sealer City 148 Railroad Accidents 394 Railroad Commissioners 428 Roberts. W. H.. Sketch 35o Rock Creek Park 237 Rockefeller. J. D.. Gifts 132 Rockefeller, J. D., Wealth.... 132 Roller Skating 269 Seaports, Distances to 57 Seaports of World .... . 2P.9 Railroad Speed 393 Seasons The . . 13 Seas Depths of 120 Railroad Track Elevation 465 Railroad Wreck. Salem. Mich. 133 Railroad Wrecks '45 Seats in Street Cars 339 Roman Numerals 92 Roosevelt Declines to Run 397 Roosevelt Letter to Governors 337 Roosevelt on Mississippi 384 Roosevelt. Theodore, Portrait 192 Secretaries of Agriculture 65 Secretaries of Interior 65 Railroads. National License.. 362 Railroads. Value . 38 Secretaries of State 64. 65 Secretaries of Treasury 64. 65 Secretaries of War 64, 65 Secret Societies 146 Railway Time in Europe 217 Railways by Countries 120 Railway Stations. Chicago.... 504 Railways, Street. Value... . 38 Root Elihu. Portrait 192 Select Knights of America... 147 Senatorial Districts, Cook Co. 442 Roque 263 INDEX 1908. Senatorial Districts. 111... 416, 417 South Parks 4FS Strikes in United States 172 Senators, United States 207 South Shore Country Club 47 9 Strikes President on 367 Senators (U S ) Elected in 1907 84 Spain 183 Strikes- Railroad Prevented 4"0 Senators (U S ) Illinois ... 419 Spain Bank of 89 Sequoia Park 237 Servia 1S3 Subsidies Ship Pres't on 79 3 7 4 Servia, Bank of 89 Spanish-American War Vet's 155 Setting of Planets 2S Spanish War Veterans 158 Settlements Chicago. .. 509 Sewers Bureau of 447 Special Delivery Stamps 75 Sex, Population bv 50 Special Park Commission 471 Summer Begins..'. 13 Shackleton Expedition 13^ Specific Gravity Table 92 Summers Cold ' 343 Shah of Persia Dead 178 Spirits Consumed 175 Sugar Beet by States 116 Shakers 137 Spirits Ued Per Capita 97 Shea Conspiracy Trials 73 Spiritualists 13S Sugar Production World 112 Shedd's Park 4CO Sugar Used Per Capita Q 7 Sheep, by States 113 Spring Begins 13 Sun Annular Eclipse of 22 Sheep in United States lis Spring Cold 1907 242 Sun, Facts About .26 Sheriff's Office . 4^5 Staff General Armv 211 Sun Time ...".... 27 Sheriff, Vote for in Past 322 Sherman Antitrust Law 71 Stamps, Special Delivery 75 Standard Club. 472 Sunday School Union. Am.... 144 Superior Court 436 Sherman L Y Portrait 424 Standard Oil Cases . 233 Superior Judges Election Law 404 Sherman Park . . 468 Standard Oil PA)fits 234 Shiloh Park 237 Standard Oil Stockholders 2*54 Shipbuilding Industry 44 Standard Time Map ...r..... 28 Supreme Court. U. S 197 Standard Time Table 27 Shipments Chicago 484 Standards of Time 27 Surgeons, Oriftcial Am. Ass'n 162 Surgical Association Am.... 162 Shipping United States 42 Stars Brightest 9 5 Shipping World's 105 Stars Number of 26 Sweden 183 hippy George M Portrait. 444 State Bank Law . ... 403 Sweden, Death of King of... 390 hips. Effective Fighting 218 State Boards ex Officio 428 Sweden, Royal Bank of 89 Ships of U S Navy 2 9 5 State Canvassing Board 429 Swedenborgian Church 14.4 Ships World's 42 Swedes in American Cities . 54 Ships. World's Largest 43 State Department Officials . 133 Swedes in United States 51 Shipwrecks 346 State Flowers 269 Swine in United States 118 Shooting 9 61 State Militia Law 405 Swiss in American Cities 54 Shooting in Navy 37 State Nicknames 269 Swiss in United States 51 Skating 2fi9 Switzerland 183 Slam . 184 State Secretaries of 64 65 Sicily Bank of 89 State's Attorney 435 Syracuse-Wisconsin Race 258 Signals Weather 108 Silk Production 1 15 Taft W H Portrait . . 192 Silver Bullion Value 88 States Area 48 Taft's Trip Around World 401 Talc Production 244 Silver Coinage by US 87 Target Practice Navy 37 Silver Coinage of World S7 Target Shooting 262 Tariff Bills Since 1884 .. 69 Silver Exports of . .... 105 Tax Rate, Illinois 417 Silver Price of Bar 86 Tariff Rates 106 Silver Product, U. S 85, 86 Tariff Revision. President on. 365 Silver Stock of 85 Silver World's Production 85 86 Taxes in Cities 389, 390 Singer Building 105 Taylor R L Sketch 356 Single Persons. Number 47 States Copulation Estimates 48 Tea Consumed in U. S 152 Single Tax Club.. 471 Tea Used Per Capita 97 Simmons, F M Sketch 356 States Wealth of 3? Tea World's Trade in 152 Sister, Deceased Wife's. Law 73 Smith W A Sketch : 355 States. Wealth Per Capita... 39 Teachers' Federation 483 Teachers in Chicago Schools. 456 Teachers' Pension Law 4 C3 Smoot Reed Case 44 Smulski J F Portrait 4 9 4 Social Science Asso'n, Am... 1C2 Statues in Chicago *64 Technical Societv. Chicago.... 512 Social Settlements 509 Stead W H Portrait . . 424 Tehuantepec Railroad 163 Socialist County Committee ?29 Telegraph Operators' Strike.. 390 Socialist-Labor Partv 36 Telegraph Statistics 37 Socialist Nat. Committee 325 Stephenson, I.. Sketch 356 Telegraph Systems. Value..,. 38 Socialist State Committee 321 Stock Live Value 38 Societies Learned 162 Stocks Prices of 3 r '7 Telephone Rates 402 Societies Learned. Chicago... 512 Stones Birth . 229 Telephone Statistics 129 Societies, Patriotic 153 Stones Precious 244 Telephone Systems. Value 38 Societies Secret 146 Templars Knights 146 Soldiers' Home. Illinois 428 Strassheim. C.. Portrait 434 Tennessee Election Returns... 308 Soldiers' Orphans' Home 428 Tennessee, Property in 40, 41 Tennis 266 L iJirectoiy. ^nicago.... oi> South Carolina Elec. Returns. 307 Street Lighting. Chicago 491 Territories, Facts About.. 236, 237 South Carolina Official* 30? Street. Longest : 443 Territorial Growth. U. S 3 South Carolina. Prop'ty in. 40. 41 Street-Railway Engineers 447 Territory. U. S.. Extent 38 Texas Officials 311 Textile Industry 44 South. Farthest 135 South Fnd Settlement 509 Streets. Bureau of 447 Streets Chicago 475 Thaw. Harry K.. Trial J>0 South End Woman's Club 472 South Park Finances 452 Strike. Telegraph Operators'. 390 Strikes. Causes of... .. 172 Theater-Ticket Scalping 405 Thermometers 108 12 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. Thompson J R Portrait 434 Weights Department of 448 Utah Election Returns 31] Weights Illinois 92 Tillman B R, Sketch 356 Utah Forest Reserves 122 Weights of Adults 3?,0 Utah Officials , Wards and Aldermen Since 1837 467 Women's Christian Temp. Un. 352 Union League Club 472 Women's Clubs. Am. Fed'n..*352 Union Park 469 Woodlawn Park Club 472 Woodmen, Modern 147 Woodmen of the World . 147 Union Veterans' Union 155 Wood Pulp. Trade in 115 Wool by States 113 Unitarian Church Officials 144 Wars Troops in U S 32 Wool Consumption Per Capita 97 Unitarians Number 14d Washington Boulevard 469 Wool. Trade in 115 United Christian Party . 326 Work. Hours of. Railroad 76 Work of Congress 75 Workers, Structural 404 United Spanish War Veterans 155 Washington (State) Officials.. 313 World's Athletic Records 254 World's Fairs 3".2 World's Religions 145 United States Coast Line 38 Water Bureau of . 447 Wreck, Electric Train. N. Y. 172 United States. Growth 38 Water-Pipe Extension 447 Wreck of 18-Hour Train 177 "riited States. Manufactures. 44 "nited States Marshals 00 Waterway, Lakes to Gulf 399 Wreck of the Berlin 169 Wreck of the Columbia 234 Wrecks Railroad Q 15 'nited States Navv 219 Wrestling 267 "nited States Population 46 'nited States. Progress of... 39 "nited States Ter., Extent... 38 Tnited Workmen, Order of... 148 Waterways. President on 369 Waterworks Svstem, Chicago 46? Waterworks. Value 38 Waunanseh Club 472 Writs of Frror in Crim. Cases 75 Wyoming Eloction Returns... 315 Wyoming Forest Reserves 122 Wyoming Game Laws 271 "niversities 125 "nivrsitv Baseball 251 Wealth of States 38, 39 Wealth Per Capita 39 Wyoming. Property in 40, 41 Yacht Race, Ocean 256 "Diversity Club 472 Weather Chicago .. 448 Yachting 255 Jniversity Illinois Trustees... 425 "Diversity of Chicago Library 460 "niversitv (Chicago) Settlem't 5C9 Weather Forecasts 10S Weather. United States 342 Weber W H Portrait 434 Yachts. Converted 227 Yale-Harvard Races 257 Yukon Exposition 890 University. State Normal 425 Wodding Anniversaries ?31 Zinc Production . 244 Upham, F. W.. Portrait 434 Urban Population. U. S 45 Weights and Measures 92 Weights. Bushel... ... 330 Zionists (Dowie) 1-17 Zoological Park... . 237 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK 1008, Astronomical calculations prepared by Berlin H. Wright, De Land, Fla., and expressed in mean or clock time unless otherwise indicated. THE SEASONS AND STTN'S APPARENT PATH THROUGH THE ZODIAC. Central standard time. H.M. D.H.M. Sun enters ? constellation y December 22, 5 44 p. m., 1907. Winter begins and lasts 89 35 south of equator. Sun enters - constellation -5 January 21, 4 20 a. m., 1908. Sun enters X constellation - February 19, 6 44 p. m., 1908. Sun enters T constellation X March Sun enters tf constellation T April Sun enters K constellation V May Sun enters constellation H June Sun enters Si constellation July lun enters HP constellation Ci August 20, 6 19 p. m.. 1908. Spring begins and lasts 92 19 52 north of equator. 20, 6 03 a. m., 19()8. 21. 508a.m., 1908. 21, 2 11 p. m., 1908. Summer begins and 'lasts 93 14 39 north of equator. ~ 106 a.m. ,1908. 23, 23, 7 49 a.m., 1908. Autumn begins and lasts 89 18 35 south of equator. Sun enters ^ constellation Tpp September 23, 4 50 a. m., 1908. Sun enters m constellation ^ October 23, 2 49 p. m., 1908. Sun enters y constellation m November 22. 10 26 a. m. . 1908. Sun enters Q constellation ? December 21, 11 25 p. m., 1908. Win. begins and trop. yr.=365 5 41 ' D. H. M. D. H. M. 89 35 92 19 52 89 18 35 93 14 39 178 19 10 south of equator. 186 178 ffi 31 north of equator- 10 7 15 21 longer north of the equator than south of it. This is due to the slower motion of the earth (apparent motion of the sun) when the earth is near its aphelion, or farthest point of its orbit from the sun, during the summer months. ERAS OF TIME. The Gregorian year 1908 corresponds to the following eras: From July 4 the 133d year of the iadependence of the United States. The year 1326 (nearly) of the Mohammedan era, beginning Feb. 4. The year A. M. 8017 of the Greek- church, be- ginning Jan. 14 (O. S.). The year 4605 (nearly) of the Chinese era, be- ginning Feb. 2. The year 5668-9 (nearly) of the Jewish era, be- ginning Sept. 26 or at sunset Feb. 25. The year 2568 (nearly) of the Japanese era, be- ginning Feb. 2. Dominical Letters. .E. D. Epact (Moon's Age, Jan. 1)..27 Lunar Cycle (Golden Number). 9 CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES. Dionysian Period 237 Solar Cycle 13 Roman Indiction 6 Julian Period 6621 Jewish Lunar Cycle 6 CHURCH Epiphan* , 12th Day Jan. 6 Conversion of St. Paul. .Jan. 25 Purification B. V. M Feb. 2 St. Valentine Feb. 14 Septuagesima Sunday Feb. 16 Sexagesima Sunday Feb. 23 St. Matthias Fen. 24 Quiaquagesima Sunday.. Mch. 1 Shrove Tuesday Men. 3 Ash Wednesday (Lent be gins) Mar. 4 Quadragesima Sunday. . .Mar. 8 St. Patrick's Day Mar. 17 Annunciation (Lady Day)Mar. 25 Mid-Lent Sunday Mar. 20 alm Sunday Apr. 12 aundy Thursday Apr. 16 DAYS, FIXED AND MOVABLE Good Friday Apr. 17 Easter Even Apr. 18 Easter Sunday Apr. 19 St. George Apr. 23 St. Mark Apr. 25 Low Sunday Apr. 26 Saints Philip and James. May 1 Rogation Sunday May 24 Ascension (Holy) Thurs. .May 28 Whitsunday (Pentecost). .June 7 St. Barnabas June 11 Trinity Sunday June 14 Corpus Christi June IS St. John the Baptist. . .June 24 Saints Peter and Paul.. June 29 St. James July 25 Transfiguration Aug. 6 FEASTS. St. Bartholomew Aug. 24 St. Matthew /..Sept. 21 Michaelmas (St. John and All Angels) Sept. 29 St. Luke Oct. 18 Saints Simon and Jude..Oct. 28 All Saints' Day Nov. 1 All Souls' Day Nov. 2 Thanksgiving Day Nov. 26 Advent Sunday Nov. 29 St. Andrew Nov. 30 St. Thomas Dec. 21 Christmas Day (Friday). Dec. 25 St. Stephen Dec. 26 St. John the Evangelist. Dec. 27 Holy Innocents Dec. 28 EMBER DAYS. Wednesday, Friday and Saturday after | 14th of Sept Sept. 16, 18, 19 First Sunday in Lent Mar. 11, 13, 14 I 13th of Dec Dec. 16, 18, 19 Pentecost , June 10. 12. 13 14 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. JEWISH OR HEBREW CALENDAR YEAR Year. The year 5668 is the 6th of the 299th cycle of 19 years. MONTH , Name. Day. Festival. Number. ... 5 Shebat l"..... Rosh-Chodesh. Begins. Saturday, January 4, 1908 Adar 1 Rosh-Chodesh Sunday, Monday, February 2.3.1908 . ... ... 6 2d Adar L. Rosh-Chodesh Tuesday, Wednesday. March 3, 4, 1908 .... .... 6 2d Adar 13 Fast of Esther Monday, March 16, 1908 6 2d Adar. 14 and 15 Purim Tuesday, Wednesday, March 17. 18. 1908 7 Nissan 1 Rosh Chodesh Thursday. April 2, 1908 7 Nissan 15 1st day of Passover Thursday, April 16, 1908 8 Ijar 1 Rosh Chodesh Friday, Saturday, May 1.2, 1908 5668 8 Ijar 18 LagB'Omer Tuesday, May 19, 1908 33d day of Omer. 5668 9 Sivan 1 Rosh Chodesh Sunday, May 31 1908 5668 9 Sivan 6 1st day of Pentecost Friday, June 5,1908 5668 10 Tammuz 1 Rosh Chodesh Monday, Tuesday, June 29, 30, 1908 5668.... ...10 Tammuz 17 Fast of Tammuz Thursday, July 16, 1908 5658 11 Av 1 Rosh Chodesh Wednesday, July 29, 1908 5668 11 Av 9 Fast of Av Thursday, August 6, 1908 5668 12 Ellul 1 Rosh Chodesh Thursday, Friday, August 27, 28, 1908 Tishri 1 1st day of New Year Saturday, September 26. 1908 Tishri 3 Fast of Gedaliah Monday, September 28, 1908 ....Tishri 10 Yom Kippoor Monday, October 5, 1908 . . . .Tishri 15 1st day of Tabernacle Saturday, October 10, 1908 . . . .Tishri 21 Hoshannah-Rabbah Friday, October 16, 1908 5669 1. .... Tishri 22 Sh'mini-Atseres > Saturday, October 17, 1908 5669 1 Tishri 23 Simchas-Torah Sunday, October 18.1908 5669 2 Chesvan 1 Rosh Chodesh Sunday, Monday, October 25, 26, 1908 5669 3 Kislev : 1 Rosh Chodesh Tuesday, Wednesday, November 24, 25, 1908 5669 3 Kislev 25 1st day of Chanukah Saturday, December 19, 1908 5669 4 Tebet 1 Rosh Chodesh Thursday, Friday, December 24, 25, 1908 GREEK CHURCH AND RUSSIAN CALENDAR--A. D. 1908. A. M. 8017. New style. Old style. HOLY DAYS. New- style. 'Old style. HOLY DAYS. Jan. 14 Jan. 1 Circumcision. July 12 June 29 Peter and Paul, Chief Apostles. Jan. 19 Feb. 15 Feb. 23 Mch. 4 Men. 8 April 7 Jan. 6 Feb. 2 Feb. 10 Feb. 20 Feb. 24 Mch. 25 Epiphany (Theophany). Hypopante (Purification). Carnival Sunday. Ash Wednesday (Lent begins). First Sunday in Lent. Annunciation of Theotokos. Aug. 14 Aug. 19 Aug. 28 Sept. 12 Sept.21 Sept.27 Aug. 1 Aug. 6 Aug. 15 Aug. 30 Sept. 8 Sept. 14 First Day of Theotokos. Transfiguration. Repose of Theotokos. St. Alexander Nevsky.* Nativity of Theotokos. Exaltation of the Cross. Aprl.12 Mch. 30 Palm Sunday. Oct. 14 Oct. 1 Patronage of Theotokos. Aprl.17 Aprl.19 May 6 April 4 April 6 Apl. 23 Great (Good) Friday. Holy Pasch (Easter Sunday). St. George. Nov. 28 Dec. 4 Dec. 21 Nov. 15 Nov. 21 Dec. 8 First Day of Nativity. Entrance of Tneotokos. Conception of Theotokos. May 22 May 9 St. Nicholas. 1909 May 27 May 14 Coronation of the Emperor.* Jan. 7 Dec. 25 Nativity (Christmas). May 28 May 15 Ascension Thursday. "Peculiar to Russia. *lst month begins February 2 2d month begins March 3 3d month begins April 1 *4th month begins Apr! 1 30 CHINESE CALENDAR. *5th month begins May 30 *9th month begins September 25 6th month begins June 29 7th month begins July 28 8th month begins August 27 These months are of 30 days; all others have 31 days. The year 1908 corresponds nearly to the 4605th of the Chinese era or the 45th year of the 76th cycle of 60 years and contains 355 days. *10th month begins October! llth month begins November 25 *12th month begins December 24 MOHAMMEDAN CALENDAR--A.M. 8017. Year. 1325 No. 1 9 -MONTH , Name. Dulheggia Begins. ... .Jan. 5. Lasts days. ... .29 Year 1326. . No. .. 7... MONTH > Name. ...Raieb Begins. . ..'.July 30 Lasts days. . . . .30 1326 . . 1.. . ...Muharrem ....Feb. 4. 30 1326. . .. 8... ...Sheban ...Aug. 29. ....29 1326... 1826... 1326 . 2.. . a.. 4.. Saphar ....Raloial ....Rabiall ..March 5. ...April 3. ....May 3. :::$ ....29 1326.. 1326. . 1326.. .. 9... ..10... ..11. . ...Ramadan (fasting) ...Schawall .Dulkaeda Sept.27. Oct. 27 Nov. 25 30 29 ... .30 132B. . . 5 . . . Jomhadi I , . . .June 1 . ....30 1326 . ..12... ...Dulheggia ..Dec. 25. 29 1326... . 6.. . . . .Jomhadi II.... ....Julyl. ,...29 1327.. .. 1.:. ...Muharrem. . .Jan.2;i. 1909 The year 1326 is the 6th of the 44th cycle of 30 years and is a common year of 355 days. EASTER SUNDAY DATES. 1907 MarchSlI 1909 Aprlll I 1911 April Ifi I 1913 March 23 I 1915 April 4 1908 April 19 I 1910 March 27 | 1912 April 7 I 1914 April 12 | 1916 April 2? The time of the celebration of the principal cnurch days which depend upon Easter is as follows: Days. Before Easter. Septuagesima Sunday 9 weeks First Sunday in Lent 6 weeks Ash Wednesday (beginning of Lent) 46 days Palm Sunday 8 days Days. After Eas^or. Rogation Sunday 5 weeks Ascension Day (Holy Thursday) 40 dfiys Pentecost (Whitsunday) .7 weeks Trinity Sunday 8 weeks CALENDAR. 15 New Moon, 3d. 1st Quar., 10th. 1st MONTH. JANUARY, 1908. 31 DAYS. i Full Moon, 18th. Last Quar., 26th. 10 DAY OF WEEK. Wednesday Thursday .. Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday... SUNDAY ... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday... Friday Saturday SUNDAY ... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday.... Friday Saturday,.. SUNDAY.... Monday Tuesday Wednesday . Thursday Friday StTN AT NOON MARK. SIDE- REAL NOON (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN south) Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y., Pa., 8. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind.. O. Sun 728 728 720 Sun 439 440 i! Moon and sets. 10 1 11 3 morn 111 223 335 445 554 St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Sun 716 Sun 451 St. Paul, N. B. Wis. and Mich.. N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun rises. H. M, 739 739 738 737 737 737 737 736 736 735 734 734 733 730 729 729 728 727 726 725 724 723 722 Sun sets. 433 434 435 440 441 442 III 449 450 452 454 459 5 1 5 3 Moon rises and sets 454 6 9 722 sets I 5 ! 927 1040 1151 morn 1 6 11 415 515 612 7 3 rises 555 654 11 3 morn 10 119 230 344 456 6 5 ?New Moon, 2d. 1st Quar., 8th. 2d MONTH. FEBRUARY, 1908. 29 DAYS. Full Moon, 17th. Last Quar., 24th. DAY OF WEEK. Saturday SUNDAY.... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday Friday Saturday SUNDAY .. Monday Tuesday Wednesday , Thursday.... Friday Saturday ... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday.. Friday Saturday ... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday . Thursday... Friday Saturday SUN AT NOON MARK. H. M. s. 12 13 38 12 13 47 234 230 210 Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y.. Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind.. O. Sun 710 Sun 517 527 534 Moon rises and sets. ~H^ M. 653 sets 7 4 820 934 1043 1151 morn 56 158 259 357 t49 33 618 5 54 654 755 857 HI inorn 10 118 435 529 St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Kv., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal.. Ind.. Ohio. Sun rises. 641 Sun 522 523 532 533 547 Moon and sets. St. Paul, N. E. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Moon Sun Sun rises rises, sets, and 716 715 713 712 r? 7 5 7 4 7 1 659 657 65.5 654 652 650 648 647 646 644 643 5 7 5 8 510 526 527 529 534 535 536 540 542 543 545 ill H. M. 7 4 sets 659 817 933 1045 1155 morn 1 3 2 6 3 8 il 543 628 rises ill IK 10 2 11 8 morn 127 240 347 445 539 For far western points within any of the above zones of latitude add 2 min. for each hour of longitude to moon's rising and setting and southing. For far eastern points subtract 2 min. for each hour of longitude from moon's rising, setting and southing. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. ?NewM., 2d and 31 st. First Quarter, 9th. 3d MONTH MARCH, 1908. 31 DAYS. fFull Moon, 17th. Last Quar. , 25th. 91 DAY OP WEEK. SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday Wednesday, Thursday . . , Friday Saturday SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday .. Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday . . Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday SUN AT NOON MARK. 12 11 52 12 11 39 12 10 26 2 8 4( 2 4 14 SIDE- REAL, NOON (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN (south) 1120 Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y., Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind.. O. Sun rises. 548 546 Sun 624 625 Moon rises and sets. 752 St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., CaL, Ind., Ohio. Sun 632 6 8 Sun sets. H. M, fit 556 557 558 559 6 7 g lil III 613 615 6 16 6 17 6 18 623 Moon rises and sets. St. Paul, N. E. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun B. M 639 634 6 32 630 628 Hi 623 621 619 617 615 Girt 611 6 9 " 7 558 556 554 552 550 548 546 544 543 Sun 548 549 5 50 555 556 557 558 610 611 613 615 621 622 624 626 627 Moon rises and H. M. 623 sets 7 6 1044 1154 morn 59 159 255 5 6 540 6 5 rises 649 9 5 1 1011 1119 morn 418 456 526 555 T> First Quar. , 8th. Full Moon, 16th. 4th MONTH. APRIL, 1908. 30 DAYS. Last ^ uar 23d New Moon, 30th. 100 101 101" 103 104 105 106 107 108 10!) 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 !_'() 121 DAY OF WEEK. Wednesday. Thursday... Friday Saturday ... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday.... Friday Saturday ... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday ... Friday Saturday SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday ... SUNDAY.... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday . . . SUN AT NOON MARK. 11 SIDE- REAL NOON (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN (south) Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y.. Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind., O. Sun rises. 544 543 541 5 39 537 535 533 531 5 52' 52 524 523 521 520 5 19 5 17 516 514 512 510 5 5 5 4 6 3 459 457 Sun 626 634 640 645 646 647 653 654 Moon sets and rises. H. M. sets 818 927 1033 1137 morn 35 128 214 255 426 454 519 101: 11 19 morn 23 121 2 8 249 323 353 St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., CaL, Ind., Ohio. Sun rises. 516 511 Sun 37 641 642 645 650 Moon sets and rises. H. M. St. Paul A N. E. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun rises. H. M. 5 42 540 538 536 534 532 530 528 526 524 523 521 519 518 517 515 513 5 11 5 9 5 7 5 4 5 2 5 459 458 ill 454 452 450 Sun 634 640 641 6 45 646 647 648 649 651 653 7 4 Moon s,ets and rises^ H. M. sets Hfi morn 46 139 225 3 5 340 4 7 432 456 519 rises 759 io 9 J? 1130 morn 34 132 318 257 422 447 sets CALENDAR. 17 $ First Quar., 8th. Full Moon, 15th. 5th MONTH. MAY, 1908. 31 DAYS. (g; Last Quar., 22d. New Moon, 29th. H Chicago, Iowa, St. Louis, S. 111., St. Paul, N. E. H g SIDE- Moox Neb., N.Y., Pa., Va.. Ky., Mo., Wis. and Mich., S o S. Wis., S. Mich., Kas., Col., Cal., N E. New York, >< DAY OP SUN AT NOON NOON IN ME- N. 111., Ind.. O. Ind., Ohio. Minn., Ore. c WEEK. MA UK. (see Star Table) RID- IAN (south) Sun rises. Sun sets. Moon sets and Sun rises. Sun sets. Moon sets and Sun rises. Sun sets. Moon sets and ft rises. rises. rises. H. M. S. H. M. H.'M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. 22 1 2 Friday Saturday .. 11 57 1 11 56 54 923 9 19 456 455 ill Ill if Ill ill 449 448 7 5 7 6 124 SUNDAY 11 56 47 9 16 2 40 454 7 1023 5 653 10 12 446 7 7 10 35 125 4 Monday 11 56 41 912 331 453 7 2 1119 459 654 11 8 444 7 a 1130 126 5 Tuesday 11 56 35 9 8 422 452 7 3 morn 458 655 1159 443 710 morn a Wednesday ... 11 56 30 9 4 450 7 4 10 457 morn 442 711 ' 'S, 7 Thursday 11 56 26 9 5 59 449 7 5 49 456 6 57 38 440 712 29 Friday 11 56 22 8 56 6 45 4 48 7 6 129 455 658 120 439 713 30 131 10 Saturday SUNDAY 11 56 19 11 56 16 8 813 446 445 ll 2 2 230 454 453 659 7 155 225 438 437 ?!l 210 236 132 11 Monday 11 56 14 844 8 56 444 7 9 256 452 7 252 436 717 259 12 Tuesday 11 56 12 840 940 442 710, 320 451 7 1 319- 435 718 321 S4r 13 Wednesday 11 56 11 836 1025 441 345 450 7 2 346 434 719 344 '"55 14 Thursday 11 56 11 832 1112 44 7 12 4 11 449 7 3 414 432 720 4 8 SO 15 Friday 11 56 11 828 morn 439 7 13 rises 448 rises 431 721 rises Ills 16 17 Saturday SUNDAY 11 56 12 11 56 13 824 820 3 57 438 437 715 9 5 9 448 447 7 5 in 430 429 723 8 7 920 la Monday 11 56 15 817 155 436 716 1016 446 7 6 10 5 428 7 25 1027 140 141 20 Tuesday Wednesday, ,.. 11 56 17 11 56 20 8 13 8 9 2 55 356 4 35 434 7 17 morn 444 7 8 1159 426 727 morn 142 21 Thursday 11 56 23 8 5 456 434 7 19 9 444 7 9 morn 425 728 19 143 22 Friday 11 56 27 8 1 433 7 20 50 443 710 42 424 729 59 144 145 23 24 Saturday 1 1 56 32 11 56 37 757 753 ?37 432 431 721 722 127 157 443 442 711 712 121 153 423 422 730 731 134 2 1 SUNDAY I4ti 25 Monday 1 1 56 43 7'49 826 430 723 442 713 224 421 227 147 26 Tuesday .. 11 56 49 7 45 9 14 429 724 2 53 441 254 420 7 34 2 52 49 1 Wednesday Thursday 11 56 55 11 57 3 741 737 10 1 1080 11? 725 726 348 441 440 715 323 3 55 419 418 736 316 343 50 29 Friday 11 57 10 733 1140 426 727 420 439 7 16 428 417 737 412 30 Saturday 11 57 18 729 ev.30 426 728 sets 439 717 sets 416 738 sets 152 31 SUNDAY 11 57 27 725 122 729 9 8 438 717 857 416 739 920 $ First Quar., 6th. Full Moon, 14th. 6th MONTH. 'JUNE, 1908. 30 DAYS. J Last Quar., 20th. New Moon, 28th. ' a Chicago, Iowa, St. Louis, S. I1L, St. Paul. N. E. 1 DAY OP SUN AT NOON SIDE- REAL NOON MOON- IN ME- Neb., N.Y., Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind., 0. Va., Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. o o WKEK. MARK. (see RID- Moon Moon Moon Star Table) IAN (south) Sun rises. Sun bets. sets and Sun rises. Sun sets. sets and Sun rises. Sun sets sets and ft d rises. rises. rises. H. M. 8. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M. H. M H. M. 153 1 Monday . 11 57 35 721 2 13 425 7 29 10 1 438 7 18 4 15 7 40 10 13 154 2 Tuesday 11 57 45 718 3 4 425 730 1047 438 719 1038 415 741 11 155 3 Wednesday 11 57 54 714 425 730 1129 438 719 1120 414 11 39 15(i 157 | Thursday Friday hS it H 5*4 425 424 731 731 morn 3 437 437 1155 morn 414 414 742 morn 11 158 (i Saturday 11 58 25 7 2 6 8 424 732 437 7 21 26 413 743 38 159 7 SUNDAY 11 58 36 658 6 50 424 733 59 437 7 21 54 413 1 3 160 8 Monday .. 11 58 48 6 54 7 33 4 24 7 33 1 24 436 7 22 121 4 13 M A A 1 26 161 a Tuesday 11 58 59 6 50 8 16 423 7 34 1 46 436 722 1 46 413 JL j? * 1 46 10 Wednesday 11 59 11 646 9 2 423 734 210 436 723 212 412 7 45 2 8 163 11 Thursday 11 59 V3 642 423 735 237 436 242 412 746 233 1(54 la Friday 11 59 35 6 38 }0 43 423 7 i. J 4 36 3 14 4 12 7 47 3 1 13 Saturday 11 59 47 634 140 423 73V 342 436 7 25 451 412 747 333 166 It SUNDAY 11 59 59 630 morn 423 737 rises 436 725 rises 412 rises 167 15 Monday 12 12 626 41 423 738 9 6 436 725 855 412 7 49 li; It! Tuesday 12 25 6 23 144 423 738 10 3 436 726 953 412 750 10 14 170 17 IS Wednesday Thursday 12 037 12 50 6 19 615 46 46 423 423 7-39 1051 llk.J 436 436 1042 1122 412 412 750 751 11 1136 $ 19 20 Friday Saturday 12 1 3 12 1 16 611 6 7 442 534 423 423 739 12 morn 4:: 6 436 726 1156 morn 412 412 111 morn 5 173 21 SUNDAY 12 1 29 6 3 624 424 740 30 436 726 28 412 174 22 Monday 12 1 42 559 712 424 740 57 4S7 727 58 413 7 51 57 175 176 23 4 Tuesday Wednesday.... 11 i 6 ! 5 55 551 7 59 847 424 424 740 740 124 .1 53 437 437 727 126 1 57 413 413 751 751 122 148 177 178 Thursday Friday 12 2 21 12 2 34 547 543 935 1025 424 425 221 2 5.3 ill 727 228 3 6 4 13 413 751 214 247 179 27 Saturday 539 1115 4 25 740 334 438 7 27 344 414 7 51 325 180 28 SUNDAY 2 \2 59 535 ev. 6 425 740 sets 438 727 sets 414 751 sets 181 182 29 3 > Monday Tuesday 12 3 23 531 527 ,1? 425 426 740 740 843 928 439 440 727 727 832 918 414 415 751 751 iii 18 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. $ First Quar.. 6th. Full Moon, 13th. 7th MONTH. JULY, 1908. 31 DAYS. Last Quar., 20th. New Moon, 28th. 1 1 185 186 1 1 1 190 191 192 193 194 199 200 201 202 203 204 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 DAY OP WEEK. Wednesday Thursday.. Friday Saturday .. SUNDAY . Monday.... Tuesday.. . Wednesday Thursday.. Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday.... Tuesday Wednesday Thursday . . Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday.... Wednesday Thursday .. Friday taturdav... UNDAY . . Monday Tuesday.... Wednesday Thursday . . Friday ST T N AT NOON MAHK. 12 4 49 4 58 5 6 SIDE- REAL NOON (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN (south) Chicago, Iowa, Neb.. N.Y., Pa., S Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind., O. Sun rises. 429 429 430 431 432 432 433 433 434 435 435 436 4 36 437 438 4:;9 439 *40 441 442 443 444 445 446 441 448 449 450 451 Sun 740 737 737 736 734 734 733 733 728 727 722 721 Moon sets and rises. H. M. 10 2 St. Louis, S. 111., Va., K.V., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Sun rises. H. M. 440 440 441 441 442 443 443 444 448 449 450 451 451 Sun 727 726 725 724 721 721 720 712 711 Moon sets and rises. St. Paul, N. E. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Moon Sun Sun sets rises, sets, and H. M. 416 417 418 4 J8 419 420 421 421 422 II 424 424 425 4L>6 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 440 441 442 H. M. 751 751 751 751 750 749 749 748 745 744 743 742 740 739 738 737 736 732 731 730 H. M. 1011 1041 11 6 1129 1150 morn 13 34 ii 2 5 252 rises 852 934 11 1 1125 1151 morn 17 253 345 sets First Quar., 5th. (Full Moon, llth. 8th MONTH AUGUST, 1908. 31 DAYS. C Last Quar., 18th. _ New Moon, 26th. 214 215 216 217 218 IM'.J 521 222 2L>3 224 225 '_'_'; '227 231 232 236 231 240 241 111 244 11 DAY OP WEEK. Saturday ... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday... Friday Saturday.... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday.... Friday Saturday SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday .. Friday Saturday.. . SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday ... Friday Saturday SUNDAY... Monday SUN AT NOON MARK. SIDE- REAL Noox (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN south) Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y., Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind.. O. Sun rises. H. M. 45-2 453 454 454 455 456 557 459 5 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 5 8 5 9 510 511 5 12 513 514 515 516 ni 520 521 522 523 Sun Moon sets and St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Ky., Mo., Kas.,-Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Sun 510 511 512 Sun 657 i43 Moon and rises. St. Paul, N. E. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun a. M. 443 444 445 446 447 449 450 451 453 454 4i>5 456 458 5 2 5 3 5 4 ii 5 7 5 8 5 9 5 10 511 512 514 516 517 5 18 5 19 724 722 717 715 714 710 7 9 7 8 ?S 7 2 u 656 648 646 Moon sets and rises. . 955 017 038 1158 morn i! 9 9 235 rises 928 954 B! morn 6? 141 437 sets 8 1 821 842 9 4 CALENDAR. 19 D First Quar., 3d. Full Moon, 10th. o . MfmTW 9th MONTH. 1 OOft in HAVC < Last Quar., 17th. , IVUo. 30 DAYS. New Moon, 25th. 245 250 251 252 53 54 255 257 258 261 262 263 269 270 271 272 273! 274 DAY OF WEEK. Tuesday Wednesday Thursday . . Friday Saturday... SUNDAY . Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday:. Friday Saturday .. SUNDAY.. Monday.... Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday .. SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday .. SUNDAY.., Monday Tuesday Wednesday SUN AT NOON MAKK. H. M. S. 11 59 56 11 55 32 11 55 10 50 1 SIDE- REAL NOON (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN vsouth) Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y., Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111.. Ind.. O. Moon Sun Sun sets rises, sets, and 524 525 526 527 528 529 535 636 627 618 616 St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Sun 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 Sun 632 Moon Bets and rises. St. Paul, N. B. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun rises. H. M. 520 521 523 524 525 526 528 532 533 534 535 536 539 541 542 543 544 546 547 548 549 d50 552 553 554 Sun sets. . M. 639 638 636 634 617 615 613 611 6 9 548 546 544 Moon sets. and rises. H. M. 926 957 1034 1118 morn 14 123 239 359 rises 921 10 morn 29 127 2U8 329 432 sets 730 8 833 $ First Quar., 3d. Full Moon, 9th. in .. MnMTH 10th MONTH. 1 0flP 01 TIAVC , IVUO. 31 DAYS. < Last Quar. , 16th. ^ New Moon 25th 278 279 280 285 286 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 301 302 303 304 305 DAY OF WEEK. SUN AT NOON MARK. SIDE- REAL, NOON (see Star Table) MOON IN ME- RID- IAN south) Chicago, Iowa, Neb., N.Y., Pa., S. Wis., S. Mich., N. 111., Ind., O. Sun rises. Sun Moon sets and rises. St. Louis, S. 111., Va., Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Sun rises. Sun Moon sets and rises. St. Paul, N. E. Wis. and Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun rises. Moon Sun sets and Thursday . . Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday . . . Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday. . SUNDAY.. Monday .. . Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday... SUNDAY.. Monday .. . . Tuesday Wednesday Thursday.. Friday Saturday .. SUNDAY.. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday .. Friday Saturday... 11 44 3 11 43 57 11 43 53 11 43 49 11 43 45 11 43 43 10 59 610 618 533 532 525 523 521 511 619 ! 621 t; '2-2 624 625 t! '21 i 6 27 - 6 28 I 4 59 629 i 458 6 30 I 4 57 H. M. H. M. 534 533 1016 614 615 6 16 816 617 618 619 620 621 6 22 (J 23 624 510 5 8 . M. 557 558 559 6 6 1 610 612 613 614 616 617 618 619 621 6 '22 624 625 627 628 6 30 631 632 633 634 636 . M. 542 540 539 530 528 fit 522 520 519 !H 514 512 510 til 454 453 451 H. M. lit mora 253 413 rises 618 646 716 753 836 926 1019 1116 morn 17 117 222 530 sets 6 2 633 712 IK 1005 20 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. D 1st Qr., 1st, 30th. ., MfmTH NOVFMRFP 1QOK nAV<: C Last Quar., 15th Full Moon, 8th. Uth MONTH. JNU V JM.>.LK, IVUO. 30 DAYS. <3 Sun 432 433 435 436 437 Moon and rises. H. M. morn 57 2 9 320 431 542 rises 515 6 6 657 in 1159 morn H 411 520 631 sets 552 7 3 818 935 1049 morn 1 111 St. Louis, S. 111., Va.. Ky., Mo., Kas., Col., Cal., Ind., Ohio. Sun rises. Sun Moon sets and rises. St. Paul, N. E. Wis. ami Mich., N. E. New York, Minn., Ore. Sun rises. 716 717 718 723 724 725 71? 728 729 73) 733 Hi 73.1 735 73(3 73(3 737 737 737 788 7:-:s 7 KO 739 Sun a., m, III 420 419 419 Hi 419 419 419 420 420 420 42] 424 425 426 426 HI 429 429 Moon sets and rises. H. M. morn 322 436 550 rises It! 750 8 53 11 57 morn 418 528 641 sets 540 652 8 10 929 1046 12 morn 1 12 A READY-REFERENCE CALENDAR. 21 A READY-REFERENCE CALENDAR. For ascertaining any day of the week for any given time within two hundred years from the introduction of the New Style, *1752 to 1952 inclusive. YEARS 1753 TO 1952. a T i is. i 5- T < 3 < 3 <-> H -. tt M i | t* o fc 1761 1801 1767 18J7 1818 1789 1829 ill | 1846 1857 1 1863 1903 | 1914 1874 1925 1885 1931 1891 1942 i i 7 a B 1 J ! 6 2 4 7 1762 180J 1773 1813 1779 1819 1790 1830 1841 1847 S 1869 1915 1875 1926 1886 1937 1897 1943 5 i 1 4 6 2 4 I '7 3 5 1 H 1763 1814 1774 1825 1785 1831 1791 1842 1853 1859 1910 1870 1921 11881 1927 1||7 1898 1949 G 2 2 5 7 3 i > 1 4 6 2 m 1765 1811 i771 1822 1782 1833 1793 1839 1799 1850 1901 1861 1907 1867 1918 1878 1929 1889 1935 1895 1946 2 5 5 1 a 6 ] L 4 7 2 5 138 11766 1817 1777 1823 178 J 1834 1794 1845 1800 1851 1902 1862 1913 1873 1919 1|79 1890 1941 1947 3 G 6 2 4 7 i 1 \ 5 1 I G 1758 1809 i!769 1815 1775 1826 1786 1837 1797 1843 1854 1905 1865 1911 1871 1882 1933 1893 1939 1899 1950 7 3 3 3 1 4 ( ; 2 5 7 8 1753 1810 1759 1821 1770 1827 1781 1838 1787 1849 1798 1855 1866 1906 1877 1917 ill 1894 1934 1900 1945 1951 1 4 4 7 2 5 ' r 3 8 1 4 LEAP YEARS. - 29 . .. - 1764 ; 1792 1804 1832 186;) 1888 1 1928 7131417 2 5 7|3|6 1 14 1768 I 1796 1808 1830 1864 1892 I 1904 1932 5 1 215 |7|3|5 11 |4|6 2 1772 I 1812 1840 18G8 1896 ! 1908 1936 3|6i7|3|5|l|3|6|2|4|7 1776 1 1816 1844 1872 1, 1912 1940 1|4|5|1|3|6I1I4-|7|2|5 1756 1 1784 1824 18)2 1880 1 1920 1948 4|7|1 4 6|2|4|7|3|5|1 1760 1 1788 1828 1856 1884 ! 1924 1952 2I5|6|2|4|7|2|5|1 |3|6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Monday 1 Tuesday 2 Wednesday. 3 Thursday... 4 Friday 5 Saturday.... 6 SUNDAY... 7 Monday 8 Tuesday.... 9 Wednesday.10 Thursday,.. 11 Friday 12 Saturday 13 SUNDAY. ..14 Monday 15 Tuesday.... 16 Wednesday. 17 Thursday. .18 Friday 19 Saturday.... 20 SUNDAY. ..21 Monday 22 Tuesday 23 Wednesday .24 Thursday... 25 Friday 2ti Saturday ...27 SUNDAY, ..23 Monday ....29 Tuesday 30 Wednesday.31 Tue We Thu Fric Sati SU? Mor Tue We( Thu Frid Sati SU> MOE Tue Wee Thu Frid Sati SU> Mor Tue Wee Thu Frid Sati SU> Mor Tue Wee Thu sday....: 1 inesday. 2 rsday... 3 Lay 4 irday... 5 JDAY... 6 iday 7 sday .... 8 Inesday.' 9 rsday... 10 ay 11 irday...l2 fDAY....13 day 14 sday 15 lnesday.16 rsday... 17 ay 18 VI T V St SI M T \V T F] SP SI If Ti \\ 1 Ki S; SI M 'L'l w Tl Ft S: SI M T \\ Tl Fi ednesday. 1 mrsday ... 2 iday 3 iturday 4 JNDAY... 5 onday 6 lesday 7 ednesday. 8 lursday... 9 Iday 10 Thursday... 1 Friday 2 Saturday.... 3 SUNDAY... 4 Monday 5 Tuesday.... 6 Wednesday. 7 Thursday... 8 Friday 9 Saturday 10 SUNDAY. ..11 Monday 12 Tuesday ....13 Wednesday. 14 Thursday... 15 Friday 1(5 Saturday 17 SUNDAY... 18 Monday 19 Tuesday.... 20 Wednesday .21 Thursday... 22 Friday 23 Saturday ....24 SUN DAY.... 25 Monday 26 Tuesday.-.. 27 Wednesday .28 Thursday... 29 Friday oO Saturday.... 31 Fridf Satu SUN Mon( Tues Wed Thur Fridt Satu SUN Mom Tues Wed Thur FridJ atu UN Mom Tues Wed Thur Frid Satu SUN Monc Tues Wed Thur Fridj Satu SUN 1 2 8 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 14 15 it; 17 IS 1!) 20 21 :> 2:; 24 (5 21; 27 23 2'.) ;o il Saturday... 1 SUNDAY.. 2 Monday 3 Tuesday... 4 Wednesday 5 Thursday.. 6 Friday 7 Saturday.. . 8 UNDAY.. 9 Monday 10 Tuesday 11 Wednesday. 12 Thursday.... 13 Friday 14 Saturday. ...15 SUNDAY... 16 Monday 17 Tuesday 18 Wednesday. 19 Thursday... 20 Friday 21 Saturday.... 22 SUNDAY... '23 Monday 24 Tuesday.... 25 Wednesday.26 Thursday... 27 Friday 28 Saturday 29 SUNDAY.... 30 Monday 31 SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday... Friday Saturday.... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday .. . Friday Saturday.... SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday. Thursday... Friday Saturday SUNDAY... Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday... Friday Saturday . . . SUNDAY,.. Monday Tuesday ruay.. .. DAY... lay day.... uesday. sday... iy. rday DAY... lay day.... aesday. sday... iy -dav.... DAY... lay day.... tiesday. sday... iy rday DAY... lay day .... aesday. sday... iy rday.... DAY... tturdav 11 JNDAY. ..12 onday 13 lesday 14 ednesday .15 lursday ...IB iday 17 turdav....!8 JXDAY...19 onday 20 iesda"y 21 ednesday. 22 lursday ...23 iday 24 turday....25 JNDAr...26 onday 27 lesday.... 28 ednesday.29 iursdav...80 iday 31 irdav 19 rpAY...20 day 21 sday.... 22 lnesday.'23 rsday... 24 ay 25 rday....2rj rDAY...27 dav 23 sday ... .29 Inesday .30 rsday... 31 NOTE To ascertain any day of the week first \ook in the table for the yc;ir required and under the months are figures which refer to the corre- sponding figures at the head of the columns of days below. For example: To know on what day of the week July 4 was in the year 1895, in the (able of years look for 1895, and in a parallel line, under July, is figure 1, which directs to column 1, in which it will be seen that July 4 falls on Thursday. *1752 same as 1772 from Jan. 1 to Sept. 2. From Sept. 14 to Dec. 31 same as 1780 (Sept. 3-13 were omitted). This Calendar is from Whitaker's Lon- don Almanack, with some revisions. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. ECLIPSES. There will be three eclipses in 1908, and all of the sun, as follows: 1. Total, Jan. 3. Visible only as a small par tial eclipse near sunset in the southern and south- western part of the United States. Invisible north of Omaha and east of a line from Omaha through Chattanooga to St. Augustine. West of this line and to one from Omaha through Salina. Kas., to Eagle Pass, Tex., the sun will set more or less eclipsed on its southern limb, and west of this line to one from Omaha to Phoenix, Ariz., the eclipse will end just before sunset. The path of the total phase extends from San Jose. Costa Rica, across the Pacific through the Gilbert and Marshall groups of Islands. 2. Annular, June 28. Visible as a partial eclipse on the southern limb throughout the Unit- ed States except in Florida. The path of the annular or ring phase crosses the peninsula of Florida from Cape Canaveral to Tampa and crosses Mexico at Mexico City. See the following table for the different phases: Mean Time > Cor. for Chicago Begins H.M. 8:55 a. m. Ends Stand. T. Size, H.M. Min. Digits 11 :-?7 a. m. Suh. 10 7.0 11:08 a.m. Add 1 8.5 11:10 a.m. 10.5 7:52 a m. Add 10 45 0:58 p.m. Sub. 4 8.9 0:41 p. m. Add 8 9.0 1:15 p.m. Sub. 16 8.0 7:51 a.m. Add 9t 2.0 7:48 a.m. Add 11 3.0 9:43 a.m. 6.0 9:01 a.m.. Add 32 3.0 10:29 a.m. Add 30 9.0 11:48 a.m. Add 12 6.0 St. Louis New Orleans... San Francisco New York Washington.. Boston . 8:29 a.m. . 8:U5a. m. . 6:20 a.m. . 9:55 a.m. . 9:27 a.m. 10-10 a.m. Seattle . 6:45 a.m. . 6:37 a. m. , 7:28 a.m. . 7:02 a.m. . 7:45 a. m. ; 8:28 a.m. Portland, Ore Denver Salt Lake City Guthrie, Okla. St. Paul Minneapolis.. Figure A shows the size and appearance of this eclipse as it will appear at New Orleans, south- ern Mississippi, central Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina {Charleston). Figure B as at Chi- cago, Massachusetts, New York, northern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois. Iowa, Nebraska, southern Wis- consin. Minnesota, Colorado, Utah and southern TAMPA California. C as in a belt ninety miles wide from Titusville to Tampa, Fla. 3. Annular. Dec. 23. Invisible in North Amer- ica. THE MONROE DOCTRINE. The famous "Monroe doctrine" was enunciated by President Monroe in his message to congress Dec. 2, 1823. Referring to steps taken to arrange the respective rights of Russia, Great Britain and the United States on the northwest coast of this continent, the president went on to say: "In the discussions to which this inter a st has given rise, and in the arrangements by which they may terminate, the occasion has been deemed proper for asserting, as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are in- volved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which tiiey have as- sumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be con- sidered as subjects for future colonization by any European power. * * * , We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. With the existing colonies or dependen- cies of any European power we have not inter- fered and shall not interfere. But with the gov- ernments who have declared their independence and maintain it, and whose independence we have, on great consideration and on just principles, ac- knowledged, we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling in any other manner their destiny by any Euro- pean .power in any other light than as the mani- festation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States." THE DRAGO DOCTRINE. When in the winter of 1902-03 Germany, Britain and Italy blockaded the ports of Venezuela in at- tempt to make the latter country settle up its debts Dr. L. F. Drago, a noted jurist of Argen- tina, maintained that force cannot be used by one power to collect money owing to its citizens by another power. Prominence was given to the con- tention by the fact that it was' officially upheld by Argentina and favored by other South Amer- ican republics. The principle embodied has be- come generally known as the "Drago doctrine." EXPLOSION ON THE BATTLE SHIP JENA. The French battle ship Jena was practically de- stroyed while in dry dock at Toulon March 12, 1907. by a series of explosions in. the ammunition magazines. One hundred and three men. including the captain and a number of other officers, were killed and about 200 badly injured. The cause of the disaster was the spontaneous explosion of black powder. The city in the vicinity of the dock suffered considerably from bursting projectiles. One child was killed and several persons were wound- ed. The Jena was completed in 1901 and cost $5,500,000. PLANETARY CONJUNCTIONS. 23 PLANETARY CONJUNCTIONS AND OTHER EVENTS FOR 1908. Mo. D. ASPECT. Central time, h. m. Dist'nce apart, deg.min. Mo. D. ASPECT. Central Time, h. m. Dist'nce apart, deg.min. Jan. 2 3 4 4 5 8 8 14 17 19 27 29 31 Feb. 3 4 4 6 10 !! 14 i 27 M.,| 1J 20 20 26 27 29 29 30 31 Apr. 1 J i 4 6 9 14 21 22 24 2b 27 29 May 5 >, 12 19 21 25 29 31 June 1 10 12 13 15 17 IS 1! 21 22 28 29 29 Earth nearest sun Total eclipse sun Jranus conjunction moon. Jranus conjunction sun Neptune opposition sun T'enus conjunction moon.. . Saturn conjunction moon tfars conjunction moon Mercury conjunction sun... Neptune conjunction moon lupiter con junction moon.. 4 00 p.m. 400p.m. 449p.m. 700a.m. 1100p.m. 2 20 p.m. 720a.m. 4 07 p.m. 5 00a.m. 3 10 a.m. 856a.m. 70Ca.m. invis."" 8 030 S Invis. V 180E orW 9 045N b 257N rf 508 N Superi'r V 044 S 21 133 S July 1 2 4 4 5 7 15 18 25 25 27 28 29 Au B . iS 13 15 17 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 26 26 Sept. 3 5 11 14 19 21 22 22 23 24 27 30 Oct. 3 4 6 8 1C 13 16 20 21 23 i Nov. 4 C 12 15 1 2C 30 Dec. 2 4 5 7 1 9 14 Ib 19 20 22 23 23 23 24 25 29 30 Jupiter conjunction moon. Saturn quadrature sun.. . Earth farthest from sun. . Venus conj. Neptune Mercury conjunction sun . Venus conjunction sun. . . . Uranus opposition sun. .. . Mercury conjunction Venus Saturn conjunction moon.. Venus conjunction moon.. . Mercury gr. elong. from sun Venus stationary 058p.m. 900p.m. 100p.m. 100a.m. 400p.m. 900p.m. 500a.m. 800a.m. 1011p.m. 1 58 p.m. 400p.m. 1200a.m. 512p.m. 641a.m. 2 30 p.m. 600p.m. 800p.m. 552a.m. 200p.m. 1200a.m. 900a.m. 200p.m. 1200a.m. 353p.m. 515p.m. 500p.m. 1033a.m. 1105a.m. 1100p.m. 1054p.m. 145p.m. 300p.m. 042a.m. 114a.m. 800a.m. 619p.m. 600a.m. 521a.m. 743a.m. 100am. 557a.m. 4 00 p.m, 1000a.m. 907p.m. 1200a.m. 100p.m. 1000p.m. 836a.m. 1140a.m. 144a.m. 048a.m. 1000a.m. 022p.m. 300a.m. 3 10 a.m. 200a.m. 600a.m 458p.m. 100p.m. 3 42 a.m 942a.m. 9 48 p.m 5 16 a.m 806p.m. 500p.m. 8 11 a.m 1200am 8 00 p.m 3 00 p.m 9 00 p.m 201 a.m 4 47 p.m 3 00 a.m 7 56 p.m 6 37 p.m a 240 S b 9000W 9"25b"s Inferior. Inferior. 8l80EorW 8 112N b 303 N 9 610 S 8 1951W Jupiter opposition to sun. [Jranus conjunction moon. Mercury conjunction moon Venus conjunction moon.. . Satunrconjunction moon. . Mars conjunction moon.. . Venus conjunction Saturn. Neptune conjunction moon Mercury gr. elong. E. of sun Vlercury in perihelion Jupiter conjunction moon. Mercury stationary Uranus conjunction moon. Venus in ascending node. . Mercury conjunction sun . Baturn conjunction moon . Venus conjunction moon. . Mars conjunction moon. . . J upiter conjunction moon. . Sun enters T spring begins Saturn conjunction sun.. Uranus conjunction moon. M ercury gr. elong. W . of O Mercury in aphelion Mercury conjunction moon Jupiter stationary Saturn conjunction moon. 300p.m. 649a.m. 0^7 a.m. 1010a.m. 902p.m. 1121a.m. 200p.m. 758a.m. 8 00 a.m. 500a.m. 8 17 a.m. 600a.m. 647p.m. 700p.m. QllSOEorW 8 020 S 8 227N 9 348N b 302 N o" 549N 9 118N

e a close companion to the red star Antares. She will then have completed the circuit of the zo- diac lacking about one and one-half signs. See table of planets for time of rising and setting. MARS does not reach his greatest brilliancy in 1908. He will not again be near enough to be conspicuous until the latter part of 1909, when he will be a little nearer than in 1907. after which he becomes dimmer and dimmer at eacii succeeding opposition for fifteen years. He Is an evening star until Aug. 22 and after that a morn- ing star. See the following table for his place in the zodiac each month and the planetary ta- ble for his rising and setting. JUPITER will be brightest Jan. 29. This is the time when all superior planets are brigutest. Then they are directly opposite the sun ("opposi- tion"), rising at sunset, setting at sunrise and passing the meridian at midnight. Jupiter retro- grades or moves backard (westward) until March 29, then advances the remainder of the year, De- ing in Cancer until Sept. 10. and after that in Leo On Sept. 5 he will be very close to the brilliant Regulus. being only one-third of one degree north of that star. See table of planets for rising and setting. Jupiter will be an even- ing star until Aug. 17, then a morning star to Dec. 5, and then again an evening star the bal- ance of the year. SATURN will be brightest Sept. 30 as an even- ing star. He begins the year as an evening star and so continues until March 20; then a morning star until July 1, then an evening star the re- mainder of the year. He is in an uninteresting quarter of the heavens among the stars of Aqua- rius and Piscos. URANUS will be brightest July 7, being only barely visible to the naked eye when brightest. NEPTUNE will be brightest Jan. 5 and then invisible except with the aid of a good telescope. SITUATION OF THE PLANETS FOR THE SUNDAYS: ALSO THE MOON'S POSITION FOR THE YEAR. Is seen in the Morn As seen in the Eve. A Fifteen days after superior conjunction, or May 5, 1909. B At greatest elongation west. Sept. 14, 1908. C When brightest as a morning star, Aug. 11, 1908. D-^Just after inferior conjunction, or July 15, 1908. E Fifteen days before superior conjunction, April 20, 1909. F At greatest elongation east, April 26, 1908. G When brightest as an evening star, May 29, 1908. H Just before inferior conjunction, June 25. 190s. The great difference in the apparent size or diameter of the Venus in A and E as compared with D and H is because of the vastly greater distance she is from us at her superior conjunc- tion. When seen as a crescent as D or H she will be nearer to us by nearly the diameter of the earth's orbit than when appearing as A or E. When she appears like D or H she will be only about 25,000.000 miles from us and when like A or E she will be 160,000.000 miles distant or about six times as far. Her apparent PLANET. Jan. Feb. March April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Venus (9) Mars (d 1 ) -5 X x X T TV tf V v V. K K H K ft HP ft HP JJ Jupiter (3) Saturn(b) Uranus ( 8 ) X if X X jf X M X ? ft X ft K ft X if ft X MOON: Perigee 4 1 1-29 29 20 16 14 12 9 ' 4-30 26 Apogee 18 14 13 10 8 4 2-29 26 22 19 16 14 Lowest (y ) 2-30 26 25 21 18 15 12 9 5 2-30 26 24 Highest(o) Descend'g node (tfl Ascending node (ft.) 16 4-31 17 12 27 13 11 25 11 7 21 7 5 19 5 1-28 15 1-28 25 13 25 21 9 21 17 5 18 15 2-'^> 15 11 25 u 9 23 8 THE BRIGHTEST STARS. 25 THE BRIGHTEST STARS: HOW AND WHERE TO FIND THEM. NAME. Constellation or group. Compar- ative bright- ness. Right ascension. H. M. Declina- tion. Deg. Min For meridian passage. Mt. time, H. M. For rising and setting. Mt. time H. M. A 1 pheratz Caph (Var.) Algenib Andromeda Cassiopeia 2.1 2.4 2 8 04 04 (8 +28 35 4-58 39 +14 40 03 04 08 7 57 6 51 ' Cassiopeia . 2 3 +56 02 35 Diphda Cetus (whale) 22 39 ' 18 30 38 4 53 Cassiopeia 2.3 51 +60 13 50 Mirach 2 2 1 05 +S5 08 1 04 30 Caph (Pole * ) Ursa Major 2.2 1 27 +88 49 1 24 Aries (T) 2 8 1 50 +20 21 1 49 7 16 Andromeda 2i2 1 68 +41 53 1 57 9 23 Aries (ram) 2 1 2 02 +23 02 2 01 7 28 Mira(Var-) Menkar Cetus (whale) Cetus (wuale) 2-1 2.6 2 12 2 57 - 6 51 + 3 44 }g 5 35 6 13 Algol (Var ) Perseus 2 4 3 02 +40 36 3 00 9 12 Mafok 19 3 18 +49 32 3 18 Alcyone Pleiades in tt Hyades in V 3.1 1 3 42 4 31 +23 49 +16 19 3 41 4 29 7 32 6 59 Capella Auriga 0.1 5 10 -J-45 54 5 09 10 16 Rigel Orion 0.3 5 10 8 19 5 09 5 30 EINath Taurus (tf) ".., 1.8 5 20 +28 32 5 19 7 55 Mintaka Orion (belt) 2.3 5 27 -0 22 5 26 6 00 Al Nilam Orion (mid. of belt) 1 3 5 32 1 16 5 30 55 Stph Orion . . 2.3 5 43 9 42 5 42 5 25 Betelguese Menkalina Orion Auriga o!9 2.0 5 50 + 7 23 +44 56 5 49 5 51 6 27 9 55 Al Hena Gemini (K) 2.0 fi oo +16 29 6 31 7 01 Sirius*. -1 4 6 41 16 35 6 40 4 58 Adara Canis Major 1 5 6 55 28 51 6 5i 4 00 Gemini (K). 1 9 7 29 -4-32 05 7 27 8 13 Canis Minor 05 7 34 4- 5 28 7 33 6 20 Pollux Beta Gemini (H) Cancer () 1.2 3 8 7 40 8 12 +28 15 + 9 28 7 38 8 10 7 53 6 34 Alphani Hydra 2 1 9 23 8 15 9 21 5 31 Leo (Q) 1 3 10 OH +12 25 10 01 6 45 Dubhe Ursa Major . 2 10 58 +62 15 10 56 Denebola Leo (Q > . 2 2 11 44 +15 05 It 42 6 55 Spica .... Virgo (IIP) 1 l 13 20 10 41 13 18 5 24 Arcturus .... Bootes 0.2 14 11 +19 40 14 09 7 15 Alpha Libra (~) 29 14 46 15 39 14 43 5 04 Kochab 2 2 14 51 +74 32 14 48 2 3 15 31 +27 01 15 28 7 48 Unuk Serpent Bearer 2 7 15 40 + 6 43 15 37 6 25 Antares Rutilicus Etamin ; Scorpio (m) Hercules Dragon ;. ... 1 2 2.8 2 5 16 24 16 26 17 54 26 14 +21 41 4-51 30 16 20 16 23 17 51 4 18 7 24 Vega 2 18 34 +38 42 18 30 8 56 Altair 9 19 46 + 8 37 19 43 6 30 Alpha Capricorn (-5) 3 7 20 13 12 50 20 09 5 13 Deneb Alderamin. . Cygnus (swan) M 20 38 21 16 +44 57 +62 12 20 35 21 12 10 00 Beta . . . Aquarius () 29 21 27 ' -5 59 21 23 5 38 Enif,... Pegasus 2^ 21 40 + 9 27 21 36 6 34 Markab Iota Pegasus Pisces (X) 2.5 4.3 23 00 23 35 +14 43 + 5 08 22 56 23 31 t> 54 6 18 Explanation To ascertain when any star or constellation will be on the upper meridian add the numbers opposite in the column "For meridian passage" to the figures in the column "Sidereal noon" in the calendar pages. Note whether the figures be "morn" or "eve."* If "morn" and the sum be more than twelve hours the result will be evening of the same day. If "eve" and the sum be more than twelve hours the result will be morning of the next day. Having found the time of meridian passage, for the rising subtract and for the setting add the numbers opposite the name of the star in the column headed "For rising and setting," observing the directions as to "morn" and "eve" as given above. Those Sidereal noon. November 5. 9 00 p. m. Antares in "meridian" col. add 16 20 stars marked in the last column are cir- cumpolar and neither rise nor set in the latitude of Chicago. To tell how high up from the nearest point of the horizon a star will be at its meridian pas- sage subtract the declination of the star from 90. If the result is less than the latitude of the place of the observer that star will neither rise nor set, but is circumpolar, and the differ- ence between that result and the latitude shows the star's altitude above the north point of the horizon or below the southern horizon. Thus, (90 dec) lat. = alt. or elevation of the star above the nearest point of the horizon at meridian passage, for stars of a south declina- tion. Examples: Add 1 20 p. m. 4 18 Subtract *Light or dark. Declination of Antares = 26 1 20 p. m. of the 6th = meridian passage. north; therefore _ = _ = = the altitude of Antares in lat. of Chicago at the time of the meridian passage of that star. To measure celestial distances with the eye 5 38 p. m. = time of setting. 1 20 p. m. Subtract 4 18 in rising and setting col. 9 02 a. m. = time of rising. keep In mind that one-third of the distance from zenith to horizon = 30. For smaller measure- ments use the "pointers" in the "Big Dipper." which are nearly 5 apart a convenient celestial unit and always above the horizon. The "Yard 26 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. Stick" or "Ell and Yard" in the belt of Orion, also called the "Kings," is just 3 long or l% each way from the central star (see star table). In the case of a star whose dec. brines It nearer to the zenith than the horizon at merid- ian passage, it will be best to use its zenith distance as a means of locating it. The difference between the lat. and dec. = zenith distance. If dec. be greater than lat. then such difference is to be counted northward from the zenith; oth- erwise southward. MERIDIAN PASSAGE, RISING AND SETTING OF PLANETS. MONTH DAY. SATUKX Invis. Rises. 4 58 4 22 3 46 3 10 2 33 1 54 1 16 039 000 11 24 10 45 10 02 22 43 7 58 7 17 6 37 Setsd 3 5 08 4 27 3 39 2 58 2 17 1 37 57 20 11 37 FACTS ABOUT THE SUN AND SOLAR PLANETS. Diam. eter. Name. Miles. Sun 866,400 Mercury 3,030 Venus 7,700 Earth 7,918 Mars 4,230 Jupiter 86,500 Saturn 73,000 Distance Period from of rev sun. Miles. Days. 36,000,000 67,200,000 92,900,000 141,500.000 483,300,000 886,000,000 88 225 365 687 4,333 10,759 Uranus 31.900 1,781,900,000 30,687 Neptune 34,800 2,791,600,000 60,181 The sun's surface is 12,000 and its volume 1.300,000 times that of the earth, but the mass is only 332,000 times as great and its density about one-quarter that of the earth. The force of gravity at the surface ef the sun is twenty- seven times greater than that at the surface of the earth. The sun rotates on its axis once in 25.3 days at the equator, but the time is longer at the higher latitudes, from which fact it is presumed that the sun is not solid, at least as to its surface. THE EARTH AND THE MOON. Earth The equatorial diameter of the earth is 7,926.5 miles and the polar diameter 7,899.5 miles; equatorial circumference, 25,000. The linear ve- locity o the rotation of the earth on its axis at the equator is 24,840 miles a day, or 1,440 feet a second; its velocity in its orbit around the sun is approximately nineteen miles per second, the length of the orbit being about 560,000.000 miles. The superficial area of the earth accord- ing to Encke, the astronomer, is 197,108,580 square miles, of which two-thirds is water and one- third land. The planetary mass is about 256,- 000,000 cubic miles. Moon The moon has a diameter of 2,162 miles, a circumference of about 6,800 miles and a sur face area of 14.685,000 square miles. Her rnear> distance from the earth is 238. 840 miles. The vol- ume of the moon is about l-49th that of the eartb and the density about 3 2-5 that of water. The time from -new moon to new moon is 29 days 12 hours 44.05 minutes. The moon has no atmos- phere and no water. VELOCITY OF LIGHT. Light travels at the rate of 186.300 miles per second. It requires 8 minutes and 8 seconds for light to come from the sun to the earth. NUMBER OF THE STARS. According to the best astronomers the number of stars that can be seen by a person of average eyesight is only slvmt 7.000. The number vis- ible through the telescope has been estimated by J. E. Gore at 70,000,' 00 and by Profs. Newcomh and Young at 100,000,000. STANDARDS OF TIME. 27 TIME AND STANDARDS OF TIME. Various kinds of time are in use in this coun- 1.' Astronomical Time or Mean Solar Time This is reckoned from noon through the twenty- four hours of the day and is used mainly by astronomical observatories and in official astronom- ical publications. It is the legal time of the Dominion of Canada, though "standard" and "mean" time are in general use there as in this country. 2. Mean Local Time This is the kind that was in almost universal use prior to the introduction of standard time. This time is based upon the time when the mean sun* crosses the meridian and the day begins at midnight. When divided into civil divisions years, months, weeks, days, etc. it is sometimes called civil time. 3. Standard Time For the convenience of the railroads and business in general a standard of time was established by mutual agreement in 1883 and bj this calculation trains are now run and local time is regulated. By this system the United States, extending from 65 to 125 west longitude, is divided into four time sections, each of 15 of longitude, exactly equivalent to one hcur (7y 2 or 30m. on each side of a meridian), commencing with the 75th meridian. The tirst or eastern section includes all territory between the Atlantic coast and an irregular line drawn from Buffalo to Charleston, S. C., the latter city STANDARDS -The following is the table of times, based upon Canada: being its southernmost point. The second or cen- tral section includes all the territory between this eastern line and another irregular line ex- tending from Bismarck, X. D., to the mouth of the Rio Grande. The third or mountain section includes all the territory between the last-named line and nearly the western borders of Idaho, Nevada and Arizona. The fourth or Pacific sec- tion includes all 'the territory of the United States between the boundary of the mountain section and the Pacific coast. Inside of each of these sections standard time is uniform and the time of each section differs from that next to it by exactly one hour, as shown on the map. "Owing to the eccentricity of the earth's orbit and the inclination of the equator to the ecliptic, the apparent motion of the sun is retarded or accelerated according to the earth's place in its orbit. Hence, to take the actual sun as a guide would necessitate years, days and their subdi- visions of unequal length. Therefore an imag- inary or "mean sun" was invented. The differ- ence between apparent and mean time is called the "equation of time" and may amount to a quarter of an hour in twenty-four hours. It is the difference between the figures in "Sun at noon mark" column in calendar and twelve hours. The figures on a correct sun dial give the ap- parent time. OF TIME. the meridians used by the United States and NAME OF TIME. Degrees. Central meridian from Greenwich. Nearest place.] 60 4 hours west About S^jdegrees east of Halifax, N.S. 75 5 hours west Between New York an^ Philadelphia. Central 90 6 hours west St. Louis and New Orleans. 105 Pacific 120 8 hours west .. Sitka 135 9 hours west... M degree east or Sitka Alaska Tahiti 150 10 hours west... ^i degree west of the island of Tahiti Hawaiian 157^ 10 hrs. 31 min. west. Near center of Molokai. It is obvious that to express the time of rising and setting of the sun and moon in standard time would limit the usefulness of such data to tne single point or place for which it was computed, while in mean time it is practically correct for places as widely separated as the width of tiie continent (see note at bottom of February cal- endar), and persons having obtained the mean time by the rising or setting of the sun or moon may easily ascertain the correct standard time of any event by making"" use of the following ta- ble and map: STANDARD TIME TABLE. To obtain standard time, add or subtract the figures given to local time. Standard Correc- or tion, City. division. Min. Albany, N. Y. Eastern. .Sub. o Austin. Texas Central.. .Add 31 Baltimore. Md. Eastern. Add 6 Baton Rouge, La. Cent. .Add 4 Bismarck. N. D. Cent. .Add 43 Boston, Mass. Eastern. .Sub. 16 Buffalo, N. Y. Eastern.. Add 16 Burlinfe+on, Iowa Cent.. Add 5 Cairo. 111. Central Sub. 3 Charleston, S. C. East.. Add 20 Chicago, 111. Central Sub. 10 Cincinnati, 0. Central. .Sub. 22 Cleveland, O. Central. ..Sub. 33 Columbia. S. C. Eastern.Add 24 Columbus, O. Central... Sub. 28 Dayton, O. Central Sub. 23 Denver. Col. Mountain.. Add Des Moines. la. Central. Add 14 Detroit. Mich. Central. .Sub. 28 Dubuque, Iowa Central. .Add 3 Duluth. Minn. Central.. Add 9 Erie, Pa. Central Sub. 39 Evansville. Ind. Central. Sub. 10 Ft. Gibson, Ch. N. Cent.Add 21 Fort Smith. Ark. Cent. .Add 19 Fort Wayne, Ind. Cent. Sub. 20 Galena. 111. Central Add 2 Galveston. Tex. Central. Add 19 Gr. Haven, Mich. Cent. Sub. 13 Standard Correc- or tion, City. division. Min Harrisburg, Pa. Eastern.Add 7 Houston. Tex. Central. .Add 21 Huntsville. Ala. Cent.. .Sub. 12 Indianapolis, Ind. Cent.. Sub. 16 Jackson, Miss. Central. .Add 1 Jacksonville. Fla. Cent. Sub. 33 Janesville, Wis. Cent. . .Sub. 4 Jefferson City, Mo. Cent.Add 9 Kansas City, Mo. Cent. .Add 19 Keokuk. Iowa Central. ..Add 6 Knoxville, Tenn. Cent. .Sub. 2t LaCrosse, Wis. Central. .Add 5 Lawrence, Kas. Central. Add 21 Lexington. Ky. Central.. Sub. 23 Little Rock. Ark. Cent.. Add 9 Louisville, Ky. Central.. Sub. 18 Lynchburg, Va. Eastern.Add 17 Memphis, Tenn. Cent.. .Sub. Milwaukee. Wis. Cent. ..Sub. 8 Mobile. Ala. Central Sub. S Montgomery. Ala. Cent. .Sub. 15 Nashville. Tenn. Cent. ..Sub. 13 N. Haven, Conn. East.. Sub. 8 New Orleans. La. Cent.. Add New York, N. Y. East. Sub. 4 Norfolk. Va. Eastern. . ..Add o Ogdensburg, N. Y. East. Add 2 Omaha, Neb. Central Add 24 Standard Correc- or tion, City. division. Min Pensacola. Fla. Central.Sub. 11 Philadelphia. Pa. East.. Add 1 Pittsburg, Pa. Eastern.. Add 20 Portland, Me. Eastern. .Sub. 19 Providence. R. I. East. .Sub. It Suincy, 111. Central Add 6 aleigh, N. C. Eastern.. Add 15 Richmond, Va. Eastern.Add 10 Rochester, X. Y. East. .Add 11 Rock Island. 111. Cent... Add 3 S. Francisco. Cal. Pac. Add 10 Santa Fe.N.M. Mountain. Add 4 Savannah, Ga. Central. .Sub. 36 Shreveport, La. Central. Add 15 Springfield, 111. Central.. Sub. 2 St. Joseph, Mo. Cent.... Add 19 St. Louis, Mo. Central.. Add 1 St. Paul, Minn. Cent... Add 12 Superior City, Wis. Cent.Add 8 Syracuse. N. Y. East. . .Add 5 Toledo, O. Central Sub. 2fi Trenton. N. J. Eastern. Sub. 1 Ftica. N. Y. Eastern Add 1 Washington, D. C. East. Add 8 Wheeling, W. Va. East.. Add 23 Wilmington, Del. East.. Add 2 Wilmington, N. C. East.Add 13 Yankton. S. D. Central . Add 29 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. All the calculations in The Daily News Alma- nac and Year-Book are based upon mean or clock time unless otherwise stated. The sun's rising and setting are for the upper limb, corrected for parallax and refraction. In the case of the moon no correction is needed, as in the sun, for "par- allax and refraction" ; with her they are of an opposite nature and just balance each other. The figures given, therefore, are for the moon's cen- ter on a true horizon such as the ocean affords. The calculations in each of the geographical divisions of each calendar page will apply witu sufficient accuracy to all places in the contiguous North American zones indicated by the headings of the divisions. The heavy dotted lines show the arbitrary (stand- ard) divisions of time In the United States. The plus and minus marks on either side of the me- ridian lines show whether it is necessary to -add to or subtract from the mean time of points east or west of these lines to arrive at actual standard time. Example: Chicago is 2% east of the 90th meridian, therefore Chicago local time 2^ x 4 s= 10 = standard time, and for Boston standard (eastern) time, 16m. must be subtracted from mean time. FOREIGN STANDARDS 07 TIME. Central meridian. Fast or slow on Greenwich. ! Central meridian. Fast or slow on Greenwich. Japan Degrees. 135 east H.M.S. 9 00 00 fast 1 West Australia Degrees. 120 east H. M. 8 00 fast Spain* 00000 South Australia 142^ east 9 30 fast g4_i_ west 35138 8 slow ! Xew Zealand 172J<(j east 11 30 fast Ecuador 8I_[- west 5 24 15 slow j Victoria Natal.. . 30 east 2 00 00 fast New South Wales . Cape Colony 22^ east 13000 fast Queensland 150 east Mid-Europe 15 east 1 00 00 fast Tasmania Egypt 30 east 20000 fast Eastern Europe 30 east 2 00 fast Mn Spain the hours are counted from to 24, avoiding the use of a. m. and p. m. CALENDAR FOR 1909. JAN.. FEB.. MAR.. 21 22 2s 24 25 2.; 27 2829,30.31... APRIL MAY... JUNE.. 16 17 18 1 2:121252 3031.... ....12 6! 7 8 9101112 13 14 15 16 17 IS 19 2(1212223242526 27282930;.. .... JULY AUG. . . SEPT.. OCT... NOV. DEC.. 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1819 20 21 22 .'3 ,272829 ;0 1213H 15161718 192021 22232425 262728293031,. RATES OF POSTAGE AND MONEY ORDERS. RATES OF POSTAGE AND MONEY ORDERS. The doirestic letter rate is 2 cents an ounce or fraction thereof, and it applies to the island pos- sessions of the United States. Cuba, Canada, Mex- ico, Shanghai, the Canal Zone and Republic of Pan- ama. The foreign letter rate is 5 cents an ounce or fraction thereof, and it applies to all other for- eign countries in the universal postal union. DOMESTIC. FIRST CLASS. Letters and all written or partly written matter, whether sealed or unsealed, and all other matter sealed or otherwise closed against Inspection, 2 cents per ounce or fraction thereof. Postal cards issued by the government sold at 1 cent each; double, or reply cards, 2 cents each. Cards must not be changed or mutilated in any way and no printing or writing other than the ad- dress is allowable on the address side. "Private mailing cards" (post cards) require 1 cent postage. These cards must conform in shape and quality and weight of paper used to the cards issued by the government. Each card must be an unfolded piece of cardboard not exceeding 3 9-16 by 5 9-16 inches, not less than 2 15-16 by 4% inches, and must bear at the top of the address side the words "Post card." Advertisements and illustrations may be printed on either side provided they do not inter- fere with the distinctness of the address or post- mark. Among the articles requiring first-class postage are blank forms filled out in writing; certificates, checks and receipts filled out in writing; copy (manuscript or typewritten) unaccompanied by proof sheets; plans and drawings containing written words, letters or figures; price lists con- taining written figures changing individual items; old letters sent singlv or in bulk; typewritten mat- ter and manifold copies thereof, and stenographic notes. SECOND CLASS. All regular newspapers, maga- zines and other periodicals issued at stated inter- vals not less frequently than four times a year, when mailed by publishers or news agents, 1 cent a pound or fraction thereof; when mailed by others. 1 cent for each four ounces or fractional part thereof. THIRD CLASS. Books, circulars, pamphlets and other matter wholly in print (not included in sec- ond-class matter), 1 cent for each two ounces or fractional part thereof. The following named ar- ticles are among those subject to third-class rate of postage: Almanacs, architectural designs, blue prints, bulbs, seeds, roots, scions and plants, cal- endars, cards, press clippings with name and date of papers stamped or written in, engravings, sam- ples of grain in its natural condition, imitation of hand or type written matter when mailed at post- office window in a minimum number of twenty identical copies separately addressed; insurance ap- plications and other blank forms mainly in print; printed labels, lithographs, maps, music books, photographs, tags, proof sheets, periodicals having the character of books, anj publications which de- pend for their circulation upon offers of premiums. FOURTH CLASS. All matter not in the first, sec- ond or third class, which is not in its form or nature liable to destroy, deface or otherwise dam- age the contents of the mailbag or harm the per- son of any one engaged in the postal service, 1 cent an ounce or fraction thereof. Included in fourth-class mail matter are the following articles: Blank books, blank cards or paper, blotters, playing 'cards, celluloid, coin, crayon pictures, cut flowers, metal or wood cuts, drawings, dried fruit, dried plants, electrotype plates, framed engravings, en- velopes, geological specimens, letterheads, cloth maps, samples of merchandise, metals, minerals, napkins, oil paintings, paper bags or wrapping paper, photograph albums, printed matter on other material than paper, queen bees properly packed, stationery, tintypes, wall paper and wooden rulers bearing printed advertisements. UNMAILABLE MATTER. Includes that which is pro- hibited by law, regulation or treaty stipulation and that which by reason of illegible or insufficient ad- dress cannot be forwarded to destination. Among the articles prohibited are poisons, explosives or inflammable articles, articles exhaling bad odors, vinous, spirituous and malt liquors, specimens of disease germs, lottery letters and circulars, in- decent and scurrilous matter. SPECIAL DELIVERY. Any article of mailable mat- ter bearing a lu-cent special delivery stamp in addition to the regular postage is entitled to im- mediate delivery on its arrival at the office of ad- dress between the hours of 7 a. m. and 11 p. m., if the office be of the free-aelivery class, and be- tween the hours of 7 a. m. and 7 p. m., if the of- fice he other than a free-delivery office. REGISTRATION. All mailable matter may be reg- istered at the rate of 8 cents for each package in addition to the regular postage, which must be prepaid. An indemnity not to exceed $10 for any one piece, or the actual value if less than $10, will" be paid for the loss of first -class registered matter. LIMITS OP WEIGHT. No package of third or fourth class matter weighing more than four pounds, except single books, will be received for conveyance by mail. The limit of weight does not apply to second-class matter mailed at the second- class rate of postage, or at the rate of 1 cent for each four ounces, nor is it enforced against matter fully prepaid with postage stamps affixed at the first-class or letter rate of postage. POST CARDS. A post cai-d must be an unfolded piece of cardboard not exceeding 3 9-16 by 5 9-16 inches, nor less than 2% by 4 inches in size; it must be in form and quality and weight of paper substantially like -the fovernment postal cards; it may be of any color not interfering with the leg- ibility of the address; the face of the card may be divided by a vertical line, the right half to be used for the address only and the left for the message, etc.; very thin sheets of paper may be attached to the card, and such sheets may bear both writing and printing; advertisements may appear on the back of the card and on the left half of the face. Cards bearing particles of glass, metal, mica, sand, tinsel or similar substances are unmailable except in envelopes. MONEY-ORDER FEES. For domestic money orders in denominations of $100 or less the following fees are charged: For orders for sums not exceeding $2.50 3c For over $2.50 and not exceeding $5 5c For over $5 and not exceeding $10 8c For over $10 and not exceeding $20 lOc For over $20 and not exceeding $30 12c For over $30 and not exceeding $40 15c For over $40 and not exceeding $50 18c For over $50 and not exceeding $60 20c For over $60 and not exceeding $75 25c For over $75 and not exceeding $100 30c SUGGESTIONS. Direct your mail matter to a post- office, writing the name of the state plainly, and if to a city, add the street and number or postoffice box of the person addressed. Write or print your name and address, and the contents, if a package, upon the upper left-hand corner of all mail matter. This will insure the immediate return of all first- class matter to you for correction, if improperly addressed or insufficiently paid; and if it is not called for at destination it can be returned to you without going to the dead-letter office. If a letter, it will be returned free. Undelivered second, third and fourth class matter will not be forwarded or returned without a new prepayment of postage. When a return card i-wean on this matter either the sender or addressee is requested to send the postage. Register all valuable letters and packages. FOREIGN. Mail matter may be sent to any foreign country subject to the following rates and conditions: REGISTRATION. Eteht cents additional to ordinary postage on all articles to foreign countries. Ox LETTERS. Five cents for each ounce or frac- tion thereof and 3 cents for each additional ounce. Double rates are collected on delivery of unpaid or short-paid letters. POST CARDS. Single, 2 cents each; with paid re- ply. 4 cents each. "PRIVATE MAILING CARDS" (Post Cards). Two cents each, subject to conditions governing domes- tic post cards. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. On newspapers, books, pamphlets, photographs, sheet music, maps, engravings and similar printed matter, 1 cent for each two ounces or fraction thereof. Prepayment required at least in part. To CANADA (including Nova Scotia. New Bruns- wick. Manitoba and Prince Edward Island). Let- ters, 2 cents for each ounce or fraction thereof; postal cards, 1 cent each; books, circulars and sim- ilar printed matter, 1 cent for each two ounces or fraction thereof; second-class matter, same as in the United States; samples of merchandise, 1 cent for each two ounces. Minimum postage, 2 cents. Merchandise, ] cent for each ounce or frac- tion. Packages must not exceed four pounds in weight prepayment compulsory. CUBA. Rates of postage same as to the United States. To MEXICO. Letters, postal cards and printed matter, same rates as in the United States; sam- ples, 1 cent for each two ounces; 2 cents the least postage on a single package; merchandise other than samples can be sent only by parcels post. To SHANGHAI, CHINA. Letters. 2 cents an ounce or fraction thereof. LIMITS OP SIZE AND WEIGHT. Packages of sam- ples of merchandise to foreign countries must not exceed twelve ounces, nor measure more than twelve inches in length, eight in breadth and four In depth; and pack&ges of printed matter must not exceed four pounds six ounces. PARCELS POST. Unsealed packages of mailable merchandise may Honduras, Republic of. Jamaica. Japan. Korea. Leeward Islands. Mexico. Montserratt. W. I. Nevis. W. I. Newfoundland. New Zealand. Nicaragua. Norway. Peru. Redonda, W. I. St. Kitts, W. I. St. Lucia, W. I. St. Vincent, W. I. Salvador. Sweden. Tobago. Trinidad. Turk's Island, W, I. \ enezuela. Virgin Islands. Windward Islands. be sent by parcels post to Anguilla, W. I. Antigua. W. I. Australia. Bahamas. Barbados. Barbuda, W. I. Belgium. Bolivia. British Guiana. Caicos Islands. Chile. China. Colombia. Costa Rica. Danish West Indies. Denmark. Dominica. W. I. Fanning Island. Foochow, China. Formosa. Germany. ereat Britain, renada, W. I. Grenadines. W. I. Guatemala. Honduras, British. The parcels are sent subject to the following general rates and conditions: Limit of weight 11 pounds Greatest length 3 feet 6 inches Postage. .. .12 cents a round or fraction thereof Greatest length and rrirth combined 6 feet Except that parcels for Colombia. Costa Rica and Mexico must not measure more than two feet in length or more than four feet in girth. A parcel must not be posted in a letter box, but must be taken to the postoffice window and pre- sented to the person in charge, between the hours of 9 a. m. and 5 p. m., where a record will be made and a receipt given therefor. INTERNATIONAL MONEY ORDERS. International money o'-d^rs are isued payable in Africa, Algeria, Apia (Samoa), Arabia. Australia, Austria. Azores, Bahamas. Belgium. BeloocMstan, Bermuda, Beirut, Bolivia. Borneo, Bosnia. British Bechuanaland, British Honduras. Bulgaria. Cape Colony, Caroline Islands. Cayman Islands, Ceylon, Chile. China, Cook Islands. Costa Rica, Crete, Cyprus. Danish West Indies, Denmark. Dutch East Indies, Egypt, Falkland Islands, Faroe Is- lands. Fiji Islands, Finland. Formosa. France, Germany, Gibraltar, Great Britain and Ireland, H^lsoland. Hervey Archipelago. Herzegovina, Holland. Honduras, Hongkong. Hungary, Iceland, India, Italy, Jaffa, Japan, Jask (Persia), Java, Jerusalem, Korea, Liberia, Luxemburg, Ma- deira, Malacca, Malta. Mauritius, Mexico, Monte- negro, Morocco. Mukho (Korea). Netherlands, New Guiuea, New South Wales. New Zealand, North Borneo, Northern Nigeria, Norway. Orange River Colony, Palestine, Panama, Fenrhyn Island, Persia, Peru, Pescadores Islands, Portugal. Queensland, Rhodes, Rhodesia, Roumauia, Russia, St. Helena, Salvador, Sanios Island, Savage Island, Servia, Seychelle Islands, Siam, Smyrna, South Australia, Spice Islands, Straits Settlements, Sumatra, Swe- den, Switzerland, Syria, Tasmania, Tobago, Trans- vaal, Trinidad, Tripoli, Tunis, Turkey, Turks Island, Victoria, Wales, Western Australia, West Indies, Zambesia. Zanzibar and Zululand (South Africa). Rates of fees for money orders payable in Austria, Bahamas, belgium, Bermuda, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Hungary, Japan. Liberia, Luxemburg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway. Orange River Colony, Peru, Sweden, Switzerland, Transvaal, Trinidad: Orders for $10 or less $0.03 Over $10 and not exceeding $20 10 Over $20 and not exceeding $30 15 Over $30 and not exceeding $40 .20 Over $40 and not exceeding $50 25 Over $50 and not exceeding $60 30 Over $60 and not exceeding $70 35 Over $70 and not exceeding $80 40 Over $80 and not exceeding $90 45 Over $90 and not exceeding $100 50 Fees collected on all other international money orders (see exceptions under head of domestic mon- ey order rates): Not exceeding $60.. $0.60 Not exceeding $70.. .70 Not exceeding ' $10. .$0.10 Not exceeding Not exceeding Not exceeding Not exceeding .20 Not exceeding $80.. Not exceeding $90.. .90 Not exceeding $100. 1.00 The maximum amount for which a single inter- national money order may be drawn is, for orders payable in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 20 10s 8d=$100 Cape Colony 20 10s 8d= 50 New Zealand 20 10s 8(1= 100 Queensland 20 10s 8d= 100 France, Algeria and Tunis Francs 515= 100 Belgium Francs-515= 100 Switzerland Francs 515= 100 Italy Lire 515= 100 Portugal Miln-is 92 reis 590= 100 The Netherlands Florins 243.90 cts.= 100 Germany ' Marks 418.41= 100 Sweden Kroner 371.75= 100 Norway Kroner 371.75= 100 Denmark Kroner 371.75= 100 Japan 100 Honduras 100 New South Wales 20 10s 8d= 100 Victoria 20 10s 8d= 100 Tasmania 20 10s 8d= 100 Bahamas 20 10s 8d= 100 The colony of Trinidad and Tobago.. 20 10s 8d= 100 Austria Francs 515= 100 Hungary Francs 515= 100 Bermuda 20 10s 8d= 100 South Australia 20 10s 8d= 100 Luxemburg, Grand Duchy of Francs 515= 100 Salvador 100 Hongkong 100 Evpt 100 Chile 103 British Honduras 20 10s 8d= 100 Mexico 100 Russia 194 rubles 33 kopecks= 100 Apia 418.41 marks= 100 Greece Francs 515= 100 Bolivia lO'i Costa Rica 10) Liberia 10) Transvaal 100 Peru 100 The value of t'.ie British pound sterling in United States money is fixed by convention at $4.87: the German mark at 23.9 cents; French and Swiss franc and Italian lire at 19.42 cents: Swedish and Norwegian kroner at 27 cents; Nefherland florin at 40\i> cents; Portugal milreis at $1.09; Russian ruble at 51.46 cents. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 31 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. The unanimous declaration of the thirteen United States of America, in congress, July 4, 1776. When, in the course of human events, it be- comes necessary lor one people to dissolve the political bauds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them a decent respect to the opinions of man- kind 'requires that .they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. \Ve hold th'jse truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator wilh certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That, to secure these rights, gov- ernments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation 9n such principles, and organizing its po\yers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sullerable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpation's, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a da- sign to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty. to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for theic future security. Such has been the patient suffer- ing of these colonies, and such is now the neces- sity which constrains th?m to alter their former systems of government. The history of the pres- ent king of Great Britain is a history of re- peated injuries and usurpations, all having in di- rect object the establishment of an absolute tyr- anny over these states. To prove this, let facts' be submitted to a candid world. He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome anil necessary for the public good. He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless sus- pended in their operation till his assent should be obtained. -i-nd, when so suspended, he has ut- terly neglected to attend to them. He has refused to pass other laws for the ac- commodation of large districts of people, unless those people v. ould relinquish the right of repre- sentation in the legislature a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only. He has called together legislative bodies, at places unusual, uncomfortable and distant from the repository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. He has dissolved representative houses repeat- edly for opposing with manly firmness his inva- sions on the rights of the people. He has refused for a lonr time after such dis- solutions to cause others to ba elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large fer their ex- ercise: the state remaining, in the m 'antimp. ex- posed to all the dangers of invasion from without and convulsions wPhin. He has endeavored to prevent the population of these states: for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new appropriations of lands. He has obstructed the administration of justice by refusing his assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers. He has made judges dependent on his will alon for the tenure of their offices and the amount and pavment of their salaries. He has erected a multitude of new offices and sent hither swarms of officers to harass our peo- ple and cat out their substance. He has kept among us, in times of peace, stand- ing armies without the consent of our legisla- tures.. He has affected to render the military inde- pendent of and superior to the civil power. He .has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitutions and un- acknowledged by our laws, giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation: For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us ; For protecting them by a mock trial from pun- ishment for any murders which they should com- mit on the inhabitants of these states; For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world ; For imposing taxes on us without our consent; For depriving us in many cases of the benefits of trial by jury; For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offenses; For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its bound- aries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies; For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws and altering fundamentally the forms of our governments; For suspending our own legislatures and de- claring themselves invested with power to legis- late for us in all cases whatsoever. He has abdicated government here by declaring us out of his protection and waging war against us. He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns and destroyed the lives of our people. He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the work of death, desolation and tyranny already begun, with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages and to- tally unworthy the head of a civilized nation. He has constrained cur fellow citizens taken captive upon the high seas to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren or to fall themselves by their hands. He has excited domestic insurrection amongst us and has endeavored to bring on the inhabi- tants of our frontiers the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an undistin- guished destruction of all ages, sexes and con- ditions. In every stage of these oppressions we have pe- titioned for redress, in the most h,umble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have con.iured them by the ties of our common kindred. to_ disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. Thoj. too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which de- nounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war; in peace, friends. We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in general congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do. in the name and by the authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare that these united colonies are. and of right ought to be. free and independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown,, aud that CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. all political connection between them and the New Jersey: Charles Carroll of Car- state of Great Britain is, and ought to be. totally Ricnard Stockton, rollton. dissolved; and that as free and independent John Witherspoon, Virginia : states they nave full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce and to do all other acts and things which independent states may oi" right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the pro- tection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes and our sa- . Francis Hopkinson. John Hart, Abraham Clark. Delaware: Caesar Rodney, George Read. Thomas McKean. George' Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson. Benjamin Harrison, Thomas Nelson. Jr.. Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton. cred honor. The foregoing declaration was, by order of con- gress, engrossed and signed by the following mem- bers: JOHN HANCOCK. Pennsylvania: Robert Morris. Benjamin Rush, North Carolina: William Hooper. Joseph Hewes, New Hampshire: William Ellery. Benjamin Franklin. John Penn. Josiah Bartlett. William Whipple. Mafthew Thornton. Massachusetts Bay: Samuel Adams. John Adams, Connecticut: Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams. Oliver Wolcott. New York: John Morton, George Clymer. James Smith. George Taylor, James Wilson. George Ross. South Carolina: Edward Rutledge, Thomas Heyward. Jr., Thomas Lvnch. Jr., Arthur Middleton. Robert Treat Paine. William Floyd, Maryland: Georgia: Elbridge Gerry. Philip Livingston. Samuel Chase. Button Gwinnett. Rhode Island. Etc.: Francis Lewis. William Paca, Lyman Hall, Stephen Hopkins, Lewis Morris. Thomas Stone, George Walton. TROOPS ENGAGED IN UNITED STATES WARS. Military and naval forces employed by the government since 1775. War. Date. Regulars. Militia. Navy. Total. Revolution 1775-83 130,711 164,080 15,000 309,791 Northwestern Indian 1790-95 3,163 3,520 8,983 France 1798-1800 4,593 4,593 Tripoli 1801-05 3,330 3.330 Indian (Harrison) -. 1811-13 250 660 910 War of 1812 1812-15 85,000 471,622 20,000 576,622 Creek Indian 1813-14 600 13,181 13,781 Seminole 1817-18 1,000 5,911 6,911 Winnebago (Wis.) 1827 900 516 1,416 Sac and Fox (111 ) 1831 Black Hawk 1832 1,339. 5,126 6,465 Cherokee removal 1833-39 9,494 9,494 Seminole (Fla.) 1835-42 11,169 29,953 41,122 Sabine Indian 1836-37 1,323 3,106 4,429 Creek (Ala.) 1836-37 935 12,483 13,418 "Patriot" (frontier) 1838-39 1,500 1,500 Seminole (Fla ) 1842-58 Mexico 1846-48 30,954 73,776 7,500 112,230 Cavuse Indian (Ore.) 1848 1,116 1,116 Texas Indian 1849-56 5,050 1,415 4,243 Apache (Utah) 1849-55 1,500 1,061 2,561 California Indian 184955 265 265 Utah Indian 1851-53 10 530 540 Oregon. Washington Indian 1851-56 850 6,379 5,145 Comanche .-. 1854 503 503 Seminole 1855-58 2,687 2,687 Tivil war 1861-66 126,587 2,545,754 105,963 2,778.304 Spanish-American 1898-99 57.329 223,235 31,959 312,523 Philippine , 1899-1902 76,416 50,052 13,570 140,038 Pekin (China) expedition... 1900-01 5,000 1,913 6.913 Total 540,351 3.627,660 203,828 4,371,839 The total in this table includes re-enlistments. The total number of individuals is estimated at 3.304,993, of whom 2,213,363 served in the civil war. NATIONAL CEMETERIES. There are seventy-eight national cemeteries in the United States, in which 317,836 S9ldiers and sailors who fell in the icivil war are buried. Amoqg the more important are the following: Known Unknown (Vmetery. dead. dead. Andersonville, Ga 12,793 921 Antietam. Md 2,853 Arlington, Va 11,915 Beaufort, S. C 4,748 f'nlmette. La 6,837 Chattanooga. Tenn 7.999 City Point. Va 3.778 Corinth, Miss 1,789 1,818 4,349 4.493 5.674 4.963 1,374 3.927 Known Cemetery. dead. Fredericksburg. Va 2,487 Gettysburg, Pa Hampton. Va Jefferson Barracks. Mo ............. T. Marietta, Ga ....... Memphis, Tenn Mound City. Ill Nashville. Tenn .......... .............. 11.825 Poplar Grove, Va ..................... 2,197 Stone River, Tenn .................... 3,821 Vicksburg. Miss ....................... 3.896 Winchester, Va ........................ 2,094 1,967 4.930 8.584 7.188 5.160 2.505 Unknown dead. 12.770 1,60? 494 2,906 2.963 8,817 2.721 4.701 3.993 2.324 12.704 DEATH PENALTY IN THE TTNITED STATES. Capital punishment prevails in all of the states and territories of the union except Michigan, Wis- consin, Rhode Island and Maine. It was abolished in Iowa in 1872 and restored in 1878. It was also abolished in Colorado, but was restored in 1901. In New York and- Ohio execution is by electricity. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 33 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. September PREAMBLE. We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, pro- vide for the common defense, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty to our- selves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America: ARTICLE I. Section I. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a congress of the United States, which shall consist of a senate and house of rep- resentatives. Section II. 1. The house of representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature. 2. No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of 25 years and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen. 3. Representatives and direct taxes shall be ap- portioned among the several states which may be included within this union according to their re- spective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, in- cluding those bound to service for a term ,of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three yea is after the first meet- ing of the congress of the United States, and with in every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every 30.000. but each state shall have at least one rep- resentative, and until such enumeration shall be made the state of New Hampshire shall be en- titled to choose three; Massachusetts, eight; Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, one; Connecti- cut, five; New York, six; New Jersey, four; Penn- sylvania, eight; Delaware, one; Maryland, six; Virginia, ten; North Carolina, five; South Carolina, five, and Georgia, three. 4. When vacancies happen in the representation from any state the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. 5. The house of representatives shall choose their sneaker and other officers and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Section III. 1. The senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years, and each senator shall have one vote. 2. Immediately after thev shall be assembled in consequence of the first election they shall be di- vided, as equally as may be. into three classes. The seats of the senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year; of the second class, at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class, at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year, and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any stnte. the executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meet- ing of the legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies. 3. No person shall be a senator who shall not have attained the age of 30 years and been nine years a citi/en of the United States, and who shall not. when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen. 4. The vice-president of the United States shall V president of the senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. 5. The senate shall choose their other officers and alo a president pro terrpore in the absence of the vice-president or when he shall exercise the of- fice of president of the United States. 6. The senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall he on oath or affirmation. When the president of the United States is tried the chief 17, 1787. justice shall preside, and no person shall be con- victed without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. 7. Judgment, in cases of Impeachment, shall not extend further than to removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States, but the party convicted shall, nevertheless, be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law Section IV. 1. The times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the legislature thereof, but the congress may at any time, by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing senators. 2. The congress shall assemble af least once in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday ir. December, unless they shall, by law, appoint a different day. Section V. 1. Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority Oi each shall constitute a quorum to do business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be author- ized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. 2. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly be- havior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. 3. Each house shall keep a journal of its pro- ceedings, and from time to time publish the sanw, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, require secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house, on any question, shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be en- tered on the journal. 4. Neither house, during the session of congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Section VI. 1. The senators and representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treas- ury of the United States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses and in going to or returning from the same, and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. 2. No senator or representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States which shall have 'been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased, during such time, and no person holding any of- fice und.n- the United States shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office. Section VII. 1. All bills for raising a revenue shall originate in the house of representatives, but the senate may propose or concur with amend- ments, as on other bills. 2. Every ' bill which shall have passed the house of representatives anc? the senate shall, be- fore it becomes a law, be presented to the presi- dent of the United States; if he approve, he shall sign it. but if not. he shall return it, with his ob- jections, to that house in which it shall have origi nated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal and proceed to reconsider it. If. after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the name's of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the president within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him. the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. signed it, unless the congress, by their adjourn- ment, prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law.^ 3. Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of the senate and house of representa- tives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the president of the United States, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him. shall be repassed by two- thirds of the senate and house of representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in case of a bill. Section VIII. The congress shall have power 1. To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the com- mon defense and general welfare of the United States, but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States. 2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States. 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the several states and with the Indian tribes. 4. -To establish an uniform rule of naturalization and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States. 5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures. 6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeit- ing the securities and current coin of the United States. 7. To establish postoffices and postroads. 8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts by securing, for limited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive ' right to their re- spective writings and discoveries. 9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Su- preme court. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas and offenses against the law of nations. 10. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal and make rules concerning captures on land and water. 11. To raise and support armies, but no appro- priation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years. 12. To provide and maintain a navy. 13. To make rules for the government and reg- ulation of the land and naval forces. 14. To provide for calling forth tho militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrec- tions and repel invasions. 15. To provide for organizing, arming and dis- ciplining the militia and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively the appoir.tment of the officers and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by congress. 16. To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states and the acceptance of congress, become the seat of government of the United States, and- to exercise like authority over all places purchased, by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be. for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards and all other need- ful buildings; and, 17. To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the fore- going powers and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the United States or in any department or officer thereof. Section IX. 1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper -to admit shall not be prohibited by the congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty mav be imposed on such importation, not ex- ceeding $10 for each person. 2. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless whon in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may re- quire it. 3. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. 4. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enu- meration hereinbefore directed to be taken. 5. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles ex- ported from any state. No preference shall be given, by any .regulation of commerce or revenue, to the ports of one state over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear or pay duties in another. 6. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of appropriations made by law. and a regular statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be pub- lished from time to time. 7. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States, and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them shall, without the consent of congress, accept of any present, emolu- ment, office or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign state. Section X. 1. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of at- tainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing tht any title nobility. obligation of contracts, or grant any le of 2. No state shall, without the consent of the congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts laid by any state on imports or exports shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States, and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the congress. No state shall, without the con- sent of congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state or with a foreign power or engage in war, unless actually invaded or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. ARTICLE II. Section I. 1. The executive power shall be vest- ed in a president of the United States of Amer- ica. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the vice-president, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: 2. Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of senators -and representatives to which the state may be en titled in the congress, but no senator or repre- sentative or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States shall be appointed an elector. 3. The electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify and transmit sealed to the seat of government of the United States, directed to the president of the senate. The president of the senate shall, in the presence of the senate and house of representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the president, if such number be a ma- jority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if there be more than one who have such majority and have an equal number of votes, then the hou.sa of representatives shall immediately choose, by ballot, one of them for president; and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said house shall, in like manner, choose the president. But in choosing the president the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a mem- ber or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. In every case after the choice of the president, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the vice-president. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes the senate shall choose from them, by CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 33 ballot, the vice-president. [The foregoing pro- visions were changed by the 12th amendment.] 4. The congress may determine the time of choosing the elector* and the day on which they shall give their voces, which day shall be the same, throughout the United States. 5. No jerson except a natural-born citizen or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this constitution shall be eligible to the office of president; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have at- tained to the age of 35 years and been fourteen years a resident within the Unfted States. 6. In case of the removal of the president from office or of his death, resignation or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said of- fice, the same shall devolve on the vice-president; and the congress may, by law, provide for the case of removal, death, resignation or inability both of the president and vice-president, declaring what officer shall then act as president, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed or a president shall be elected. 7. The president shall, at stated times, re- ceive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any othei emolument from the United States or any of them. 8. Before he enters on the execution of his of- fice he shall take the following oath or affirma- tion: I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faith- fully execute the office of president of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, pre- serve, protect and defend the constitution of the United States. Section II. 1. The president shall be command- er in chief of the army and navy of the United States and of the militia of the several states when called into the actual service of the United States. He may require the opinion, in waiting, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons for of- fenses against the United States except in cases of impeachment. 2. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the senators present concur, and he shall nominate, and, by and with the ad vice and consent of ihe senate, shall appoint am- bassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme court and all other officers of the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided" for and which shall be established by law. But the congress may, by law. vest the appointment of such inferior of- ficers as they shall think proper in the president alone, in the courts of law or in the heads of de- partments. 3. The president shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the senate by granting commissions, which shall expire at the end of their next session. Section III. He shall, from time to time, give to the congress information of the state of the union and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and ex- pedient. He may, on extraordinary occasions, con- vene both houses or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper. He shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all officers of the United States. Section IV. The president, vice-president and all civil officers of the United States shall be removed from office on Impeachment for and conviction of treason, bribery or other high crimes and mis- demeanors. ARTICLE III. Section I. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme court and in such inferior courts as the congress may. from time to time, ordain and .establish. The 'judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a com pensation. which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Section II. 1. The judicial power shall extend to all cages, in law and equity, arising under this constitution, the laws of the United States and treaties made or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to all cases of ad- miralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or more states; between a state and citizens of another state; between cit- izens of different states; between citizens of the same state, claiming lands under grants of differ- ent states, and between a state or the citizens thereof and foreign states, citizens or subjects. 2. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other pub- lic ministers and consuls and those in which a state shall be a party the Supreme court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned the Supreme court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with su^h exceptions and under such regulations as the congress shall make. 3. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury, and such trials shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed, but when not com- mitted within any state the trial shall be at such place or places as the congress may by law have directed. Section III. 1. Troason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them or. in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the- testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or on confession in open court. 2. The congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood or for- feiture except during the life of the person at- tainted. ARTICLE IV. Section I. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other state. And the congress may. by general laws, prescribe the manner in which su^h acts, records and proceed- ings shall be proved and the effect thereof. Section II. 1. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of cit- izens in the several states. 2. A person charged in any state with treason, felony or other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime. 3. No person held to service or labor in one state under the laws thereof, escaping into an- other, shall, in consequence of any law T or regula- tion therein, he discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Section III. 1. TSew states may be admitted by the congress of this union, but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state, nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the congress. 2. The congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations re- specting the territory or other property belonging to the United States, and nothing in this constitu- tion shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States or of any particular state. Section 'IV. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion, and on application of the legislature or of the executive (when the legislature cannot bo convened) against domestic violence. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1908. ARTICLE V. The congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all. in- tents and purposes as part of this constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several states or by conventions in three- fourths theneof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the congress; pro- vided, that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article, and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the senate. ARTICLE VI. Section I. 1. All debts contracted and engage- ments entered into before the adoption of this constitution shall be as valid against the United States under this constitution as under the con- federation. 2. This constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made or which shall be made un- der authority of the United States, shall be the su- preme law of the land, and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the con- stitution or laws of any state to the contrary not- withstanding. 3. The senators and representatives before men- tioned and the members of the several state leg- islatures and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound, by oath or affirmation, to support this constitution, but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or pub- lic trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. The ratification of the conventions of nine states shall be sufficient for the establishment of this constitution between the states so ratifying the Done in convention, by the unanimous consent of the states present, the seventeenth day of Sep- tember, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the inde- pendence of the United States of America the twelfth. AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION. Proposed by congress and ratified by the legis- latures of the several states, pursuant to article V. of the original constitution For the first twelve, 1 stat. at large, 21. Thirteenth proposed, 13 Id., 567; proclaimed. Id., 774. Fourteenth pro- posed. 14 Id., 358; proclaimed, 15 Id., 706, 708. Fifteenth proposed, 15 Id., 346. I. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exiercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the gov- ernment for a redress of grievances. II. A well-regulat3d militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the peo- ple to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. III. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quar- tered in any house without the consent of the owner: nor in wartime but in a manner to be pre- scribed by law. IV. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. V. No person shall be held to answer for a cap- ital or otherwise infamous crime unless on a pre- sentment or indictment of a grand jury except in cases arising in the land or naval forces or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty or property without due prooess of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation. VI. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascer- tained by law. and to be informed of the nature and cause of the^accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in bis favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. VII. in suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed $20, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States than according to the rules of the common law. VIII. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual pun ishments inflicted. IX. The enumeration in the constitution of cer- tain rights shall not be construed to deny or dis- parage others retained by the people. X. The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution nor prohibited by it to the states are preserved to the states respectively or to the people. XI. The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state. XII. Section 1. The electors shall meet in then respective states and vote by ballot for president and vice-president, one of whom at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with them- selves; they shall name in their ballots the per- son voted for as president, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as vice-president, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as president and of all persons voted for as vice-president, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the president of the senate; the president of 1he senate shall, in the presence of the senate and house of representa- tives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for president shall be the presi- dent, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest nv.mbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for as president, the house of rep- resentatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, for president. But in choosing the president the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the house of representatives shall not choose a president whenever the rigrht of choice shall de- volve upon them before the fourth day of March next following, then the vice-president shall act as president, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the president. Section 2. The person having the greatest num- ber of votes as vice-president shall be the vice- president, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list tlr? senate shall choose a vice-president. A quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of sen- ators and a majority of the whole number -shall be necessary to a choice. Section 3. But no person constitutionally in- eligible to the office of president shall be eligible to that of vice-president of the United States. XIII. Section 1. Neither slavery nor involun- tary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, UNITED STATES TELEGRAPH STATISTICS. 37 whereof the party shall have been duly con- victed, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Section 2. Congress shall have the power to enforce this article *>y appropriate legislation. XIV. Section 1. All persons born or naturalized In the United States and subject to the jurisdic- tion thereof are citizens of the I nited States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities ol citizens of the United States, nor shall any state "deprive any person oi life, liberty or property without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdic- tion the equal protection of the laws. 'Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their re- spective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for president and vice-presi- dent of the United^ States, representatives in con- gress, the executive and judicial officers of a state or the members of the legislature thereof is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being 21 years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of repre- sentation therein shall be reduced in the propor- tion. which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens 21 years of age in such state. Section 3. No person shall be a senator or representative in congress or elector of president and vicie-president, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who. having previously taken the oath as a member of congress or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each nouse. remove such disability. Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun- ties for services in suppressing insurrection or Te- bellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrec- tion or rebellion against the United States or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave, but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Section 5. The congress shall have the power to enforce by appropriate legislation the provisions of this article. XV. Section I. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude. Section 2. The congress shall have power to en- force this article by appropriate legislation. UNITED STATES NAVY TARGET PRACTICE IN 1907. In the annual record ta sels of the United States fleet had a standing of highest final merit and t cent. In the squadrons 1 fleet was first with a rec divisions the fourth of tl Following is the record < trophy winners being m ships, or those having a of the mark given the t spective classes, being n Vessels competing for 1 1 Illinoist 75 782 rget practice of the ves- navy in 1907 the Atlantic 59.346 per cent of the he Pacific fleet 59.241 per he second of the Pacific ord of 74.866, and in the e Pacific fleet had 76.696. )f the vessels singly, the arked J and the "star" final merit of 85 per cent rophy winners in the re- larked f: he battle-ship trophy: 8. Missouri 59.934 9. Pennsylvania ..54.605 10. West Virginia.. 54.119 11. Iowa 51.585 12. Maine 48.797 13. Ohio 37.120 Missouri, 63.975; Maine. the cruiser trophy : 7. Tacoma 56.827 8. Des Moines ....54.20? 9. Concord 46.557 10. Galveston 38.056 11. Cincinnati 30.311 Vessels competing for 1. PrincetonJ 73.395 2. Wilmington 62.130 3. Paducah 57.968 the gunboat trophy 6. Paragua 7. Pampanga 8. Arayat .36.181 .32.524 .30.514 29 304 4 Dubuque 52 78 9 Elcano 5 Yankton 51.217 10 Rainbow 19 954 Vessels competing for and torpedoes both count 1. PrebleJ 78.822 2. Stocktont 78.511 3. Wilkesf 74.061 :he torpedo trophy Bd): 8. Macdonough .. 9. Worden (guns .60.418 58 659 10 Truxtun 56 128 4. De Longf 72.213 5 Hullf 70 727 11 Barry 54 408 12 Whipple .39.G3 .11.568 .50.215 .39.746 6. Paul Jones 65.212 7 Blakely 63 743 13. Stringham 8. Macdonough .. 9. Wilkes 2. Kearsargef 75.428 3. Kentuckvf 70.832 4. Alabama 64.357 5. Maryland 62.178 6. Indiana 62.153 7. Colorado 61.623 (Guns only counted.) 1. Hull 76.544 2. Worden 71.303 3. Blakely 70.701 4. Preble 68.218 10. De Long 11. Whipple 12- Truxtun . ... .32.739 .19.053 .17 775 5. Paul Jones 67615 6. Stockton 64.900 7 Barry 64 259 Counting guns only: 52.406: Ohio, 38.045. Vessels competing for 1. Boston} ., ..79 997 13. Stringham .) Hull .13.442 .62.003 (Torpedoes only countec 1. Freble 92.962 2 Truxtun 85 243 Paul Jones ... Whipple 11. Barry .62.003 .62.003 .41.273 .39.685 .10.318 2. Raleight 79.382 3. Chicagot 75.46S 3 Wilkes 8 G40 4. De Long 82.082 5 Stockton 81 896 4. Charleston! 75.041 5. Yorktownt 72.837 6. Chattaaooga ....66.935 6. Macdonough 72.321 7. Blakely 62.003 13. Stringham TJNITED STATES TELEGRAPH STATISTICS. YEAU. WESTERN* Uxiox. POSTAL TELEGRAPH. Miles of wires. Offices. Messages. Miles of wires. Offices. Messages. 1896 826.929 841.002 874.420 904,633 988.168 972.7W5 1.029.984 1,089.212 1.155,405 1,184,557 1.256.147 21,725 21.769 22.210 22.285 22,900 23.238 23.567 23.120 23.458 23.814 24,323 58.760.414 5S.151.68 4 62.173,749 61.398.157 63.167.783 65.657,019 69.374,8*3 69.790.866 67,903.973 67,477.320 71.487.082 1K5.013 178.438 191.834 209.373 226.465 243.422 288,133 27I..245 802260 306,187 326,815 9.074 9.875 11,098 mas 13,1(10 14.877 16,248 19.977 21.071 23.066 25.314 13.461,452 13,628.064 15.407.018 15.958.351 16.528.444 17.898,073 20,086.930 21.600.577 22.525.528 23.925.962 25.500,064 181)7 1898. . . . 1899. . . . 1900 1901 .. 1902.... 1903.... 1904. . . 1905 190B CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. NEW YORK ' PENNSYLVANIA ILLINOIS OHIO MASSACHUSETTS IOWA MISSOURI MINNESOTA MICHIGAN NEW JERSEV INDIANA WISCONSIN TEXAS KANSAS NEBRASKA KENTUCKY MARYLAND OONNECTIOUT VIROINIA COLORADO GEORGIA TENNESSEE WASHINGTON OIST. LOUISIANA ALABAMA OREOON NORTH CAROLINA WEST VIRGINIA ARKANSAS RHODE ISLAND NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA OKLAHOMA SOUTH CAROLINA NEW HAMPSHIRE UTAH INDIAN TERRITORY FLORIDA NEW MEXICO WYOMINO ARIZONA DELAWARE NEVADA 105 120 135 150 K3 I Estimated true value of all property. till Assessed valuation of portion subject to taxatioc WEALTH OF EACH STATE AND TERRITORY. In hundreds of millions of dollars. ESTIMATES OF WEALTH FOR 1904 AND 1900. FORM OP WEALTH. Real property and improvements taxed. . . Real property and improvements exempt. Live stock .- Farm implements and machinery Manufacturing machinery and tools Gold and silver coin and bullion Railroads and their equipment.... Street railways, etc. Street railways Telegraph systems.. Telephone systems _ . Pullman and private cars.. Shipping and canals. . . Privately owned waterworks Privately owned electric-light plants., All other- Agricultural products Manufactured products Imported merchandise Mining products Clothing and personal adornments Furniture, carriages, etc Total , 1904. $55.510.228,057 6.831.244.570 4,073,791,736 844.989.8K3 3.297,754,1" ~ 107,104,192.410 1900. W6.324.839.234 6.212,788.930 8.306.473,278 749.775.970 2,541.046.fi39 1.677..S7!>.s-.'f, 1,576.197,160 211,650.000 400,324.000 537,849,478 267.752.463 402,618,653 1.455',06P,323 6,087.151,108 424.970.592 326.851.517 2.000.000.000 4.880.000.000 88,517,306,775 TERRITORIAL GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES. ACQUISITION:. Year ac- II quired. Area in sq. miles. Price paid. ACQUISITION: Year ac- | quired. | Area in sq. miles. Price paid. Original territory. 8*27844 Hawaii 1S09 6 449 Louisiana 1803 1 182 752 $27 267 621 Porto Rico ; 3 600 / Florida ISl'.l 59268 6489768 Philippine islands . . > 1S9 1 ) 114 000 - $20000000 Texas 1845 371 063 200 \ Bought of Texas '-- 9(5.707 Iti 000 000 Panama canal zone 1'W4 400 Mexican purchase 1848 522,568 15,000.000 Wake island IS'* 1 ) Annexed Gadsden purchase (from Mexico) 1853 45,535 10.000,000 Tutuila group. Samoa Cagayan de Jolo ? 1900 W) 70 Annexed 100000 590,884 7,000,000 Sibutu $ EXTENT OF UNITED STATES TERRITORY. The easternmost point of the United States mainland is West Quoddy headlight, Maine, the longitude of which is 66 degrees 57 minutes and 4 seconds west, and t!ie westernmost point is Cape Flattery, Washington, which is 124 degrees 44 minutes and 5 seconds west. The easternmost point of any of the United States possessions is Reef point, Culebra, off the east coast of Porto Rico, in 65 degrees 13 minutes and 15 seconds west longitude and the westernmost point is West Balabac island in the Philippines, in longitude 116 degrees and 55 minutes east. When it is sun- rise on the coast of Maine it is sunset of the previous day in the Philippines, so the old saying that the sun never sets on British soil is also true of the domain of the United States. COAST LINE OF THE UNITED STATES. Atlantic coast 1.773 Gulf coast 1,607 Porto Rico 269 Pacific coast 1.571 Alaska 4,123 In -nautical miles. Hawaiian islands Guam Midway Samoan islands. 80 20 83 Northern lakes and rivers... 3,041 Western rivers 4.344 Total 17,539 Philippines 11.444 Grand total 28,983 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. PER CAPITA WEALTH OF EACH STATE AND TERRITORY. I 1 Less than $500 per capita 1|1$500 to 1000 " " ^^1000 " 1500 "' EJSg-M 1500 " 2000 " ggg 2000 , " 5000 " Bin 5000 and over PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES SINCE 1800. [From table prepared by O. P. Austin of bureau of statistics, department of commerce -and labor Washington. B.C.] 1800. 1850. 1880. 1900. 1904. 1905. 1906. Area* sq. miies 827,84! 5,308,483 "82.976.294 16.000,000 2.980,959 23,191.876 7,135,780.000 63.452,774 79,336,916 3.025,600 50.155,783 42.642.000.000 1.919.326.748 973,382.228 2,134,234,861 819,106,973 12.180.501,538 5.369.579,191 333.526,501 186.522.065 124,009.374 169,090.062 38,116,91* 13.536,985 56,777,174 667,954.746 835.638.658 36,000.000 39,200.000 63.822.830 1,104,017.16* 3.835.191 1,247,335 27.000 369,319.000 232.500,(X<0 498.549.868 1,717.434.543 5,761,252 92,802 93.267 42,989 33,315.47S 9.723 291.213 31.703 '& 13.947 457.257 3.025.600 76,303,387 94.300.000,000 1. 107.7 11.25S 2.0.V). 150.998 7.238.986.450 2,389.719.954 20.514.001.838 13,03S.-,V.<,;r, 567.240,852 233.16t.871 295.3:.': .'.I'.'T 447,:>.v;.-i.")S 134,774.768 55,953.078 140,877,316 849,941.184 1,394.483.082 79,171,000 74,533,495 240.7s'.'.:;nn 2,661,2: ;:;.;,;> 13,789.242 ! 10,188.329 270.588 1,063,678,053 288.tfW.6-ii 522.2:.".i.5i >:, 2,105.1()-,'..V 1 .; 9,436,416 149.191 194,262 76,688 102,354.579 20,806 1,159.618 79,696,227 1.016,777 1,580,101 26,499 448.572 3,025600 81.752,000 107,104,211,917 967,231,774 2.521.151,527 10,000,546,999 2,918,775,329 3,025,600 83,143,000 3.026.789 84,154,009 Population Wealtht dols. Debt dols 989,866.772 2,587,882.653 11,350.739,316 3,093,077,357 961,435,687 2,736,646.628 12,215,767.666 3,299,544,601 Money in circulation . .dols. Deposits, bankj dols. Deposits, savings dols. Farms, valuet dols. Manufactures, value, .dols. Keceipts Net ord dols. Customs dols io.8'l8.749 9.080.933 809.397 7.411.370 2,560.879 3,448,716 64,131 91,252,768 70,971,780 43,431,130 3,967.343,580 1,019,106.616 43.592,889 39,668,686 ""540,63U749 261.274,565 232.904.119 557.755.832 115,035,411 102,956.102 142,559,266 991,087,371 1,460,8:.':.:.'; 1 84,551.300 69.305.000 814^62,881 4,916 .6tM.fi-:.' 16.497,033 13,859,887 362.740 l,289.047.14ti 291.783,032 552,3!t.'.01T 2,467.4SO.'.r,4 10,011,374 217,606 212,349 71,131 143,582.624 22.168 1,457,665 90.429,501 2.983,189 3,779.517 30,934 812,870 14.802,147,687 544,274,685 261.798,857 234.095,741 542.687.969 122,175,074 117,550,308 141,773.965 1,117,513,071 1,518,561,666 86,337.700 76.2a3.1( 10 350.820,810 5,658.138,360 22,992 380 20,023.947 402.637 1,623,877,120 295,488,438 692.979.489 2,707.9!'3,540 13,565.885 304,257 217,341 68.131 152.826,585 23.146 1,490.744 91.4013,282 3,549,810 4,480,564 30,399 1.026,499 ""594.45V.i22 300.251,878 249,150,213 514,476.223 117,946 6l 110,474,264 141.034,562 1,226.562.446 1,743,864,500 96,101,400 37,642,900 Internal revenue dols. Expendit's netord dols. War dols. Navy dols. 37,165.990 9.687.025 7.904,725 1.866.886 173.509.526 144,375.726 50,000.000 50.000 3,358,899 '"563,755 Pensions dols. Imports, mdse dols. Exports, mdse dols. Production of gold dols. Silver dols. Coal tons Petroleum gallons Pig iron tons " "25.3bV',i9i Copper tons Minerals, value. ... dols. " "298.915. i:) 735.260.970 2,927,416.091 11.345.988 268,192 Wool Ibs 52,516,959 100.485,944 592.071.104 2,333,718 110.526 9,051 18.417 5,499.985 2,526 Wheat bushels Corn bushels Cotton bales "'155,556 ""903 280.804 Cane sugar tons Railroads miles Postofflces No. 65.600 167,932.782 22.326 1.582.962 96,987.146 4.778,282 5,698.258 31,965 1.100.7:35 Postoffice receipts dols. Newspapers No. Telegraph lines miles Telephone lines miles Patents issued No. Immigrants : No. "'369.886 'Exclusive of Alaska and insular possessions. fNo official figures for other than census years. JAH kinds. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. ESTIMATED State or territory. Maine TRUE VALUE OF PROPERTY IN THE UNITED STATES (1904). . Total. $775,622,722 516,809,204 360.330,089 4,956,578,913 799,349,601 1,414,635.063 [Report of census bureau.] Real property Farm imple- and improve- ments and tnents.* Live stock, machinery. $421,690,961 $26,203,025 $9,242,856 272,629,666 16,046,227 5,421,244 194,931,444 22,585,624 7.915,414 3,243,498,159 35,986,572 9,270,398 523,417,256 5,604,873 1,333,784 850,340,718 17,451,207 5,195.715 Mfg. machin- Gold and ery, tools and silver coin implements, and bullion. $40,223,927 $14,053,983 26,518,039 8,203.172 14,304,651 6,726,289 239,267,199 71,662,525 58,140,761 10,218,578 98,683,323 20,391,447 New Hampshire Connecticut New; -England \ew York 8,823,325,592 14,769,042,207 3,235,619.973 11,473,620.306 5,506,508,204 9,151,979,081 1,900,273,091 6,591.055,583 123,877,528 189,662.043 32,319,327 160,190,227 38,379,411 58,806,300 9.796,532 54,175,943 477,137,900 486,774,713 180,212,427 515.945,638 131,255,994 412,832,428 40,863,293 165,383,753 New Jersev Pennsylvania Southern N. Atlantic North Atlantic division 29,478,282,486 38,301,608,078 17,643.307,755 23,149,815.959 382,171,597 506,049,125 122,778,775 161,158,186 1,182,932,778 1,660,070,678 622,079,474 753,335.468 Delaware 230,260,976 1,511,488.172 1,040,383,173 1,287,970,180 134,431,240 904,469,735 830,244.062 674,544,741 364,305.954 6,553.949 31,397,196 1,050,000 53,776,806 36.387J09 2,287,336 9,176,116 142,863 10,985,397 5,786,402 12,471,865 54,750,990 7.668,599 36,040,103 25,466,119 3.735,338 27,193,340 7,216.326 35,570,489 19.260,508 District of Columbia... Virginia West Virginia 840,000.149 Northern S. Atlantic. North Carolina .. .. 4,910,102,650 842,072,218 585,853,222 1,167,445,671 431,409,200 2,907,995,732 399,567,905 252,766.767 563.155,476 223.396.227 129.165,060 48,658.045 31,457,603 57,293,670 15,528,803 28,378,114 10,331,877 7,412,083 11,153,042 2.338,576 136,397,676 42,238,322 48.144,618 46,756,710 10,428,895 92,976,001 35,669.724 24,891.557 42,509,939 11.374.000 South Carolina Florida Southern S. Atlantic. South Atlantic division 3,026,780,311 7,936.882,961 1,438,886,375 4,346.882.107 152,938,121 282.103.181 31,235,578 59,613,692 147,568,545 283,966.221 114,445.220 207^421.221 Ohio 5,946,969,466 3,105,781,739 8,816,556,191 3,282,419,117 2,838,678.239 3.383,834,608 1,760,058.9^8 5,468,492,926 2.019.296.490 1,682,068.672 173.847,240 151,798,200 268.731,540 123,265,031 131.790,769 38,549,941 29,374,682 48,593,486 31,363,928 32,347,828 216,947,620 84,079,065 227,543,320 87,255,370 87.122,618 90,599.335 52,137,773 150,074.503 52.261,341 44,588,626 Illinois Wisconsin Eastern North Central 23,990,404,752 3,343,722.076 4,048,516.076 3,759.597,451 735,802,909 679,840,939 2,009,563,633 2,253.224.243 14,313,751,651 1,982,552,889 2,491,273,897 2,233,765,544 371,303,432* 381,435 856 1,086.579,628 1,135,004,695 849,432,780 126,353,319 335,681,475 204,030,528 65,582,944 89,192,677 188.527,537 228.644,982 180,229,865 35,673,607 64,498,622 32,137,971 18.260,984 13,841,321 27,125.233 31,967.789 702,947,993 45,121,997 30,413,593 92,524,919 1,910,251 2.723,430 24,803,815 21,425,718 389,661.578 35,947.501 44,450,260 82,726,049 7,930.310 8,290,763 21,728,589 30,775,625 North Dakota Kansas Western N. Central.. North Central division. 16,830,267,327 40,820,672.079 9,681,915,441 23,995,667,095 1,238.013,462 2,087.446,242 223,505,527 403.735,392 218,923,723 921,871,716 235,849,097 625,510,675 1,527,486,230 1,104.223.979 965.014,261 688,249,022 859,247,997 557.504.977 446,747,512 279.513.715 91,489,357 76,205,984 50,746.958 66,718,297 17,682,829 17,413,988 10,251.443 11.326,725 30,907,185 24,108.906 42,387,488 19,093,957 41,372,698 39,275,807 35,095,727 28,898.636 Tennessee Mississippi Eastern S. Central... 4,284,973,492 1.032,229,006 803,907,972 459,021,355 636.013,700 2,836,322,003 2,143,014,201 489,295.161 397,239,116 216,761,600 358.088,178 1,554.714.941 285,160,596 45,000,956 54,956.832 49.026,248 72.617.501 286,691.300 56,674,985 32,623,258 10,237,570 7,878.960 13.146^030 37,379.975 116,497,536 48,584,306 15,869,560 2,276,402 3,649,170 43,462,409 144,642,868 31,828,795 24,550,073 8,827.829 9,867.165 63,820.910 Indian Territory Texas Western S. Central.. South Central division. 5,767,494.036 10.052,467,528 3,016,098,996 5.159,113.197 508,292,837 793.453.433 101,265,793 157,940.778 113,841,847 230.339,383 138,894,802 283,537.670 746.311,213 342.871.863 329,572,241 1.207,542,107 332,262,650 328,554.427 147.771,554 131,628,903 637.662.744 154,644.570 53,168,425 25,944.298 35.965.009 57.362,874 30.294.584 5,321,317 4,781,769 1,785,089 5,352.441 1,272.299 7,842,513 3,313,940 986.456 44,520,856 1.638,826 6,967,216 3,800.525 2,160,996 15.828.519 3.920,371 Idaho Wyoming New Mexico Rocky Mountain 2,958,560,074 306,302.305 487,768.615 220,734,507 1,400,262,198 156,425,691 258.595.674 122,296,975 202,735,190 16,582,642 20,435.227 14.917,223 18,512,915 1,134,026 3,598.244 971,729 58,302,591 3.598,484 8,470.645 717.016 32,677,627 2.970.628 6,331.183 930.105 Utah Nevada Basin and plateau... 1,014,805,427 1.051.671.432 852,053,232 537,318,340 546,503,248 541.457.965 2.664.472.025 51,935,092 30,620,408 36,011,028 83.438.037 5,703,999 7.530,973 7,461,912 23.332,016 12.786,145 32,069,434 13,655.213 84.692.799 10,232,006 13,793.355 11,625,311 60.469.970 California 4.115.491.106 Pacific 6,019,215,770 3,752,433,238 150,069,473 Western division 9,992,581,271 5,690,013,776 404,739,755 Continental U. S 107,104,211,917 62,341,492,134 4,073.791,736 Exclusive of railroads and telegraph and telephone systems. 38,324,901 130,417,446 62.541,815 201,506,182 844,989.863 3.297.754.180 which in certain states are 85,888.630 128,798,269 1,998.603.303 classed as real property. ESTIMATED TRUE VALUE OF PROPERTY. Eg State or territory. Maine .... STIMATED TRUE VALUE ( Railroads Str't railways, and their ship'g. water- equipment, works, etc.* $80,146,000 $46,063.744 79,786,000 19,242.930 37,311,000 8,999,352 250,052,000 270,487,699 25,719,000 37,854.869 105,369,000 67,243.212 )F PROPERTY All other, f $137,998,226 88,961,926 67,556,315 836.354,361 137,060,480 249,960,411 .CONTINUED Total all property, 1900. $682.133,741 472,145,849 329,916,808 4,358,903,855 710,564,856 1,198,753,757 Total Estimated land area, population. 1904. June 1, 1904. 19,132,800 707.818 5,779,840 425,612 5,839,360 348,129 5,144,960 2,964,013 682.880 469,776 3,084,800 973,284 Connectiuct New England ... New York 578,383.000 898,222.000 333,568,000 1,420,608,000 449,891,836 1,151,475,505 204,130,498 570.452.043 1,517,891,719 2,419,290,137 534,456,805 7,752,418,866 12,505.330,137 2,733,593,134 39,664,640 30,498,560 4,808,960 28,692.480 5,888,632 7,907,625 2,092,048 6,719,715 New Jersey Pennsylvania 1,992,809,119 9,315,140,116 Southern N. Atlantic.. North Atlantic division.. 2,652,398,000 3,230,781,000 1,926,058,046 2,375,949.882 4,946,556,061 6,464,447,780 24,554,063,387 32,306,482,253 64,000,000 103,664,640 16,719,388 22,608,020 17,285,000 132,342,000 5,578,000 211,315,000 201,799,000 13,565,926 96,234.840 45.656,083 40,996,199 24,523.954 39,930,322 255,923.955 142,827,240 224,741,445 162,471,103 211,711,483 1,317,372,958 928,739,773 1,102,309,696 659.652,551 1,257,600 6,362,240 38,400 25,767,680 15,374,080 191.231 1,246,304 298,050 1,933,464 1,037,204 District of Columbia Virginia West Virginia Northern S. Atlantic.. North Carolina . . . 568,319,000 113,146,000 75,500,000 156,603,000 80,467,000 220,977,002 18,584,305 18.697,576 49,070,361 16,543,541 825,894,065 173,876,040 126,983,018 240,903,273 71,332,158 4,219,786,461 681,982,120 485,678,048 936,000,450 355,742,969 48,800,000 31,193,600 19,516,800 37,584,000 35,111,040 4,706,253 2,004.154 1,415,984 2,367,923 591,667 South Carolina Georgia Florida Southern S. Atlantic... South Atlantic division.. 425,716,000 994,035,000 102,895,983 323,872.985 613,094,489 1,438,988,554 2,459,403,587 6,679,190,048 123,405,440 172,205,440 6,379.728 11,085,981 Ohio 689,797.000 375.541,000 805,057,000 277,597,000 284,510,000 329,196,716 110,075,967 327,591,493 131,580,197 84,979,252 1,024,197,006 542,716,094 1,520,471,923 559,799,760 491,270,474 5,019,004,453 2,606,493,004 6,976.476,400 2,654,281,523 2,405,354,427 26,073,600 22,966,400 35,841,280 36,787,200 35.363,840 4,351,63S 2,646,086 5,219,630 2,530,016 2,196,967 Indiana Illinois Wisconsin Eastern N. Central 2,432,502,000 466,734,000 344,847,000 309,768,000 123,390,000 49.646,000 263,170,000 356,356.000 983,423,625 126,062,303 69,812,758 160,379,067 7,553,034 7,299,617 32,291,637 40,497.526 4,138,455,257 521,276,958 667,538,471 644,265,373 139,871,954 127,411,275 365,337,194 408.551,608 19,661,609,807 2,513,620,826 3,367,869,054 3,244,532,987 542,380,565 552,732,580 1,626,203,203 1,938,000.363 157,032,320 51,249,120 35,575,040 43,985.280 44,917,120 49,195,520 49,157,120 52,335.360 16,944,332 1,934,208 2,214,411 3,277,657 415,571 444.462 1,067.756 1,535.160 Missouri North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas Western N. Central.... North Central division... 1,913,911,000 4,346,413,000 443,896,244 1,427.319,869 2,874,252,833 7,012,708,090 13,785,339,578 33,446,949,385 326,914,560 483,946,880 10,889,225 27.833.557 Kentucky 155.772,000 131,166,000 150,211,000 107,884,000 59,718,312 47.307.134 32,599,511 17,445,166 271,295,852 211,241,183 196,974,622 157,368,526 1,365.130,718 956,672,000 774,682.478 557,581,543 25,715,840 26,679,680 32,818,560 29.671,680 2,262,590 2,121.856 1,954,817 1,655,938 Mississippi Eastern S. Central.... 545,033,000 123,401,000 124,626.000 79,405,000 78,668,000 237,718.000 157,070.123 59,555,883 18,761.175 5,879,116 7,566,394 69,035,770 836,880,183 201,939.647 157,667,646 88,966,200 92,411,262 543.498.668 3,654,066,739 815,158,003 -604,218,211 348,272,643 463,307.150 2,322,151,631 114,885,760 29,061,760 33,616,000 19,705,600 24.719.360 167,934,720 7,995,201 1.486.841 1,384,904 476.812 526,275 1.373,982 Arkansas Texas Western S. Central... South Central division... 643,818,000 1,188,851,000 160,798,338 317,868.461 1,084,483,423 1.921.363.606 4,553,107,638 8,207,174,377 275,037,440 389,923,200 7,248,814 15,244.015 Montana 196,209,000 91,877,000 100.307,000 198,261.000 86.400,000 18,545.064 5,837.391 4,619.307 43,889,900 5,895,816 129.703,251 59,545,386 52,119,481 204.663.773 48.196,184 613.897.157 276,374.806 281,432,079 938.170,624 268,285,425 93.296,640 53,618,560 62,460,160 66.341,120 78,401,920 283,493 191,060 99,959 590,280 209,322 Idaho Colorado New Mexico Rocky Mountain Arizona 673,054,000 68,356,000 90,325.000 43.745.000 78,787,478 5.321,067 17.732,895 2.880.852 494,228,075 51,913.767 82.279,747 34.275.517 2,378,160.091 263,015,492 412,656,095 190,626.987 354,118,400 72,857.600 52.597,760 70,285,440 1,374,114 136,807 303,137 42.335 Utah Nevada Basin and plateau Washington ... 202,426,000 182,837,000 75,661,000 350,694.000 25,934.814 55.004.366 29,314,747 206.494.307 168,469,031 183.312.648 136,866,056 641. 897.952 866,298,574 781,599,063 632,879,729 3,218.573.255 195,740,800 42,775,040 61.188.480 99.898.880 482,279 582,451 451,868 1.593.717 Oregon California Pacific Western division Continental U. S 609,192,000 1,484.672,000 11,244,752,000 290,813,420 395,535,712 4.840,546.909 962,076,656 1,624,773,762 18,462,281,792 4,633,052,047 7,877,510,712 88,517,306,775 203,862,400 753.721,600 1,903,461,760 2,628,036 4,484,429 81.256,002 *Including telegraph and telephone systems, elec- tric light and power stations, Pullman and private cars, and canals, flucluding products of agricul- ture, manufactures and mining; imported mer- chandise; clothing and personal adornments, and furniture, carriages and kindred property. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR MERCHANT MARINE OF THE UNITED STATES. [From the reports of the bureau of navigation.] YEAR. ix FOREIGN TKADE. IN COASTWISE TKADE. WHALE FISHERIES. COD AND MACK- EilEL, FISH- ERIES. Total. Annul mc.(-B or dec.(-) Steam. Total. Steam. Total. Steam. Total. I860 Tons. 97.296 192,544 146.604 192,705 337.356 42*5.259 455.017 523.602 549.938 596,594 586,749 Tons. 2,379.396 1.448.846 1,314,402 928.062 816,795 879,595 873.235 . 879,264 888,628 913,750 928.466 Tons. 770,641 882,551 1.064,954 1.661,458 2.289,825 8.491,231 2.718.049 2.880.678 3.041.262 3.140.314 3.384.002 Tons. 2.644.867 2.638.247 2.637.686 3.409.435 4.286.516 4.582.645 4.858.714 5,141,037 5,335.164 5,441.688 5.674,044 Tons. '"4.925 3.986 3,463 3.808 3.808 4.218 4.52b 4.536 Tons. 16(5.841 67.954 38.408 18.633 9.899 9.534 9.320 9.512 10.140 10.763 11,020 Tons. 162.764 91.4'X) 77,538 68.367 51.629 52,444 56,633 57.532 57.603 60.342 ! 111.431 Tons. 5,35.1.868 4.246,50; 4.068.034 4.424,497 5.164.839 5,524.218 5.797.902 6.087.345 6,291.535 6.456.543 6.674.969 P ^ ret. -4.06 -2.41 - 2.43 r2.U -6.18 -6.96 - 4.95 -4.99 - 3.2i - 2.H2 1- 3.38 1870 1880 1890 : 1900 1901 iq(p 1933 1904 1<)05 1906 VESSELS BUILT IN THE UNITED STATES. [From the reports of the bureau of navigation.] YEAR. NewEngland coast. On entire seaboard. Mi ssi and ta No. 104 74 215 311 161 150 !?! 167 sss ries. Tons. 16,r,06 8,122 14,173 22.888 9,ase 11,112 lu.821 6.477 6.591 On great lakes. ' Total. 1890 No. 208 145 199 201 225 203 170 19i 146 Tons. 78.577 26,783 72,179 82.971 75.851 66.973 51.417 119.377 32.311 No. 756 527 1.107 1.094 1,197 1,038 878 823 850 Tons. 169,091 67.127 249.006 291.516 290,122 2-vS.ur 208.288 230:716 146.883 No. 191 93 125 175 133 123 119 101 204 Tons. 103,52 36.353 130,611 169.085 168.873 136.844 159.433 93,123 265.271 No. 1,051 694 1.447 1.580 1.491 1,311 1,184 1.1(12 1.221 Tons. 294.123 111,602 39o.790 483.489 468.831 Sit? 3H0.316 418.745 1895 icjoo 1901 1902 . mfu. icyvi" " " 1206 j DISASTERS TO SHIPPING. On and near the coasts and on the rivers of the United States and American vessels at sea and on the coasts of foreign countries. TEAR. Wrecks* Lives lost. Loss on vessels. Loss on cargoes. YEAR. Wrecks* Lives lost. Loss on vessels. Loss on cargoes. 1 407 335 $7 378 595 >J 143 41(1 1896 1 :>','2 369 $o4855% $2 018 140 1886 1650 576 7 093085 3267,135 1897 1206 299 6 442 175 1 731 765 1887 1,569 553 6265055 2.140,990 1898 1191 743 107232oO 1 740 515 1888 1.534 553 6.841,440 3.571.290 1899 1574 742 8 932 835 2 451 905 1889 1.526 656 9.578.195 2.446.605 1900. . . . 1.234 252 7 186 990 3 350 500 1890 1.470 556 7,653.480 2.172,595 1901 . . . 1.265 437 6.965.160 2 119335 1891 1 4'5 448 6 034 695 2 593 010 1902 1 359 531 824 820 2 309 335 1892 1556 646 7 386675 2 57?' 870 1903 1 172 351 6 >20 790 1 oOl 520 1893 1481 401 7 763 995 2 003 S55 1904 1 182 1 454 7011 775 1,722,210 1894 1.653 803 8.576.885 2.158.655 1905 12iJ9 2C>7 8,187 500 2 263V5 1895 1,496 704 7.530,540 1,944,810 1906 1.250 499 9.974.055 2.229,135 *Total or partial. WORLD'S SHIPS, RAILWAYS, TELEGRAPHS AND CABLES. [Report of the bureau of statistics, Washington, D. C ] Development by decades of carrying power, commerce and means of communication from 1800 to 1905. YEAR. Popu- lation. COMMERCE. CARRYING POWER. Rail- ways. Tele- graphs Thou- s..nd miles. Cables Total. Per capita. Sail. Steam. Total. 1800.... Mil- lions. 640 780 847 950 1.075 1.205 1.310 1.439 1,488 1,500 1.600 Mil- lionsof dollars 1.479 l.fW) 1.981 2,789 4.049 7,246 10.663 14,761 17,519 20.105 22.500 Dol- lars. 2.31 2.13 2.34 2.93 s.;e 6.01 8.14 10.26 11.80 13.33 14.06 Thou- sand tons. 4,026 5.814 7.10U 9.012 11.470 14.890 12.900 14.4(0 12.640 8.119 6.037 Thou- sand tons. '"0.02 .11 .37 .88 1.7 3.0 5.9 9.0 14.7 18.6 Thou- sand tons. 4.02' : 5^84 7,528 10,482 14.1 02 21,730 25.100 37.900 4VOO 66800 80.100 Thou- sand miles. Thou- sand milts. 1S20. . . . 1830 0.2 5.4 24.0 67.4 139.9 2249 390.0 500.0 550.0 1840 1850 .. 5 100 281 440 768 1.180 1.300 1-40 ii* 49 132 200 200 I860.... 1870.... 1880 1890 1900.... 1905 GREAT SHIP CANALS OF THE WORLD. 43 FASTEST VOYAGES ACROSS THE ATLANTIC. The new turbine steamer Lusitania crossed the Atlantic from Queenstowu to New York Nov. 4-8, 1907. in 4 days 18 hours 40 minutes, establishing a new record. The best day's run was 618 nautical miles and the average speed per hour was 24.25. The Kaiser Wilhelm II. has made an average of 23.58 knots per hour from New York to Plymouth and the Deutschlaud an average of 23.51 knots over New York to Cherbourg, 5 days 16 hours; by the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, Jan. 4-10, 1900. Southampton to New York, 5 days 20 hours by the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, March 30-April 5, 1898. Havre to New York, 6 days 1 hour 12 minutes by La Provence, Sept. 6-13, 1907. New York to Southampton, 5 days 17 hours 8 minutes, by the Kaiser Wiliielm der Grosse, Nov 23-29, 1897. New York to Havre, 6 days 2 hours 48 minutes, by La Provence, May 31-June 6, 1906. New York to Plymouth, 5 days 7 hours 28 min- utes, by the Dentschland, Sept. 5-10, 1900 Plymouth to New York, 5 days 15 hours 46 min- utes, by the Deutschland, July 7-12, 1900. Moville, Ireland, to Cape Race. N. F., 4 days 10 hours, by the Virginian (turbine), June 9-13, 1905. Distances: New York to Southampton, 3,100 miles; to Plymouth, 2,962 miles; to Queenstown, 2,800 miles; to Cherbourg, 3.047 miles; to Havre, 3,170 miles; to Hamburg. 3,820 miles. THE WORLD'S LARGEST SHIPS. Horse Knots Name. Tons, power. per hr. Lusitania* 32.500 70,000 25 Mauretania 32,000 70,000 26 Adriatic 25,000 14,000 17 Kronprinzessin Cecilie 20,000 43,000 23% Kaiser Wilhelm II 20,000 40,000 23% Carouia 19,593 21,000 18 ROBERT FULTON'S "CLERMONT" (1807) AND THE "LUSITANIA" (1907). same route. The Deutschland's best day's run was 601 miles. Following are records made over the various leading routes across the Atlantic: Queenstown to New York, 4 days 18 hours and 40 minutes, by the Lusitania, Nov. 4-8. 1907. New York to Queenstown, 4 days 22 hours 46 min- utes, by the Lusitania. Oct. 19-24, 1907. Hamburg to New York. 5 days 11 hours 54 min- utes, by the Deutschland, Sept. 2-8, 1903. Cherbourg to New York. 5 days 11 hours 57 min- utes, by the Kronprinz Wilhelm, Sept. 10-16, 1902. Carmania 19.524 21,000 Deutschland 16,500 37.800 Kronprinz Wilhelm 15,000 35,000 La Provence 14,744 Empress of Britain, Empress of Ireland 14,500 18,000 Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse.... 14,349 28,000 Lucania. Campania 12,950 30,000 St. Louis, St. Paul 11,629 22,000 *The Lusitania made 25 knots an hour on trial trip. GREAT SHIP CANALS OF TB.E WORLD. CAXAL. Open'd L'ngth Depth. Wdth* Cost. Corinth 'Greece) Year. 1893 1890 1900 1895 1894 1855 1895 1869 1&S7 Miles. 4 16 41 61 35.5 1.6 1.11 90 26.75 Feet. 26 25 20.50 10 29.50 26 22 20.25 31 14 Feet. 72 220 72 72 120 100 142 108 100 $5.000.000 10.000.000 5.S31.000 37.128.000 75.000.( 00 f2.250.786 2.791.873 loo.ooo.i 100 25.1)00.000 Kronstadt-^t Petersburg (Russia) Elbe and Trave (Germany) . Kaiser Wilhelm (Germany) Manchester ship (England) Sanitate. Marie (U. S.) !?ault Ste Alarie (Canada) Suez (E^vpt) Wellanrt (Canada) *At the bottom. tE.vclusive of locks. 44 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. MANUFACTURES IN THE UNITED STATES. [.Bureau of census report, 1906.] COMPARATIVE SUMMARY, 1860-1905. 1905. 1900. 1890. 1880. 1870. 1860. Establishments 216,262 -?12,6S6.2. ;>.'; 3 519,751 1574.7151.231 5,470,321 $2.61 1,540.532 $1.455.019.473 $8.5i.9 ;'..:.v; $14,802.147,087 207.562 $8,978.s2.VJm 364 202 355.415 $6,525.150.48*; 4-.:.-> $6,577.614.074 $11.411,121.122 I391.y88.208 4.251.6i:> $1.891.228.321 $631.225.035 f5.162.044.07f> ?9.372.437.233 2,732.595 $947,953,795 2.053.996 $775,584,343 1.311.246 $378,878,966 Cost of materials $3,396,823,549 $2.488.427,242 $->.369.579.191 $4.232,325,442 ?1.031. 605.092 $1,885,861,676 * Average number. tGross value. MANUFACTURES BY STATES AND TERRITORIES (1905). STATE OR TERRITOKV. Capital invested. 10.V>84,'799 14.395.654 4.SOi.lli 282.647,201 50!925!630 20.199.7ffi 32.971 .982 135.211,551 9.689.445 975.844.799 5,016,654 312,071.234 111.427,429 NS.tWU.117 147.282.478 150.810,608 143.707,750 201,877,966 9*^,948.887 337.894.102 ls4.9Uo.2Tl 5u.2.v..:;u9 379.368.827 52,589.810 80.235.310 Gross value of product. STATE OR TERRITORY. Capital invested. Gross value of product. 12?n5'9M 774'.369'.025 5,705,880 2,488,345.:,: 9 142.52D.:;.; 10.217.914 9.50,811.857 16.549.656 55.525,123 1,955,551.332 202.109.583 79.376,262 13.085,333 137,960.476 150.523.380 38,926464 63.033.611 148,856.525 128,821,667 99.040.676 411,139.681 . 3,523,260 14,802,147^7 11,411,121,122 20.7 Alabama Alaska $109.169.922 8,244.524 28.083,19.' 53.864,394 367.218,494 100.143. 1 .*. 1 .' 369,082,091 41.160.276 18,359.159 50,298.290 151,040.455 8.763743 1,410,342.129 7.909.451 393,954.405 160.572.313 198.244.992 159.753.968 186,379.592 144.020.197 243.HT.V.".*; 1,124.092.051 439.120.0W 307.858.073 57.451,445 439,548.957 66,415.452 154.918.220 Nevada New Hampshire $2.891.997 109.495.072 715.060.174 4,638.218 2,031,459.915 141.000.639 5.703.837 856,988.830 11.107.763 44.023.548 1,995,836,988 215.901.375 113.422.224 7.585,142 102.439,481 115.064.871 2ti.004.dll 62.658.741 147.989,182 96.952.621 86320,823 412.647,051 2,695,889 12,686,265,673 8,978,825,200 41.3 New Jersey ... New Mexico.... California New York North Carolina Colorado Connecticut North Dakota 'Ohio District of Columbia Florida iOklahoma j Oregon < Pennsylvania Idaho I Rhode Island Illinois South Carolina Indian Territory South Dakota Tennessee Utah Virginia Maine Washington West Virginia Massachusetts ..... Wisconsin "Michigan Wyoming Total Missouri Total 1900 Montana Nebraska Per cent increase LEADING INDUSTRIES BY GROUPS. GROUP. Cen- sus. Estab- lish- ments. Capital. Wage earners. Wages. Cost of ma- terials used Value of products. Food and kindred products \190o 1900 45,790 41.159 $1,173,151.276 900,927,187 354,054 301,305 W64.lfll.803 125,:-;:;-. 4.;:; $2,304.416.564 1.778.f,44.'JU $2.845.234,900 2.193.791.594 17,042 1,744.169.234 1.156,305 419.841.630 1.246.562.061 2.147.441.418 / 1900 17,647 ) ,340.633,629 1,022.123 341.651.466 894.846.961 1,628.606.214 Iron and steel and their products. . . U905 /1900 14,239 13,874 2,331.498,157 1,538.459.831 857.298 737.986 482.a57.503 384.233.365 1,179.9>1.45S 993.965.831 2.176,7:-;9.72t; 1,S06.27VJ41 Lumber and its remanufactures 5 1905 1900 32,726 35,181 1,013.827.138 730.067.675 735.945 672.655 336.058.173 253.626.194 518.908.150 481.761.505 1.223,730,336 1,009.778,057 Leather and its finished products. . 1905 1900 4,945 5,313 440.777.194 327,804.674 255,368 241,662 116.694,140 98,726,363 471.112.921 390.678.471 705.747,470 569.619,254 Paper and printing 1905 80.787 798.758.312 350.205 185.547.791 808,269,655 857.112.256 1905 1900 6.381 5,740 659.547.620 515.160.244 29i .320 68.340 55.120 139.950.1 15 45.146.285 33.217.ti04 139.854.147 93.815.032 501.266.605 382.898,381 Chemicals and allied products 1905 1900 9,680 8,812 1.504,728.510 1,139.093.102 210,165 182,227 93.965,248 71.594.508 609.351.160 437.637.550 1,031.965.263 735,432,542 Clay, glass and stone products 1900 10,775 11,527 553.846.682 335,400,558 285.365 231,753 148.471.903 102,867,056 12o.124.392 85,168,409 391,230.422 270.?26,065 Metals and metal products other l>1905 6,310 598.3tO.758 211,706 117.599.837 644.367,583 922.262.457 (1900 5505 389735215 171 963 87 198,156 481 190,510 710,525,156 U905 16,828 323,983.501 159,408 62.640.303 126.088.608 331,117,681 Vehicles for land transportation ' 1900 1905 1900 14,959 7,285 8.789 111.517.318 447.697.020 394.235.:.; .; 132,526 384.577 314,340 47,975.331 22l.Mi.5l7 Ki3.698.574 334.244.377 267,129.730 613.924.442 505,094.454 Shipbuilding 1905 TOO 1.097 1,107 121,623.700 77,341.001 50.754 46.747 29.241,087 24.824.738 37.463.179 33,474.896 82.769.239 74,532,277 Miscellaneous industries 1905 U900 12.377 11.394 974.316.571 621,318.135 390.831 307.296 187,514.312 134.833.266 460.205.501 332.732.413 941.604,873 655.010.Mi United States <1900 216.262 207.562 12,6.86.265.673 8,978.825.200 5.470.321 4.715.023 2.611.540.532 2,009.735.799 8.503.949.756 6.577.614,074 14.802.147.087 11.411.121.122 STATISTICS OF POPULATION. [Based upon the Statesman's BT GRAND DIVISIONS. Africa 148,388,682 Asia .- 874,409,856 Europe 403,723.48t North America 115.025.415 Oceania 50,996.238 South America 43,628,168 STATISTICS OF POPULATION. POPULATION OF THE WORLD. Year-Book for 1907 and publications of the bureau of the census. Total 1.636,171,846 AFRICA. Abyssinia (est. 1902).. Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1901) British colonies, etc. (1901) Egypt (est. 1907) French Africa (1901)... German Africa (est. 1907) Italian Africa (est. 1902) Kongo Independent State (est. 1907) Liberia (est. 1907) Morocco (1907) Portuguese Africa (est. 1907) Spanish Africa (est. 1904) Turkish Africa (est. 1902) 9,000.000 2,000,000 34.057.C21 9.734.405 34,092,340 12,210,000 450,000 30,000,000 2,120,000 4,580,000 9.144,316 291,946 1,000,000 Total 148,388,682 ASIA. Afghanistan (est. 1907) 5,000.000 Bhutan (1907) 40.000 Ceylon (1906) 3,950,123 China (1906) 407,253,030 French Indo China* (1906) 21,518,000 Hongkong (1901) 489.803 India, British (1901).. 294,317,082 Japan (1905) 50,871,373 Kiauchau (1903) 33.000 Korea (1900) 10.000,000 Labuan (1901) 9.000 Malay states (1906)... 871,974 Manchuria (1904) 16.000,000 Mongolia (1904) 2.600,000 Nepal (1900) 5,000.000 Oman (1900) 800000 Persia (1902) 9,500,000 Portuguese Asia (1901) 895,789 Russia in Asia (1901).. 19,125,325 Samos (1902) 54,834 Siam (1900) 6,686,846 Straits Set'm'ts (1906) 871,974 Chinese Tibet (1906). Turkestan. (1906) Turkey in Asia (1900). Weihaivvei (1903) 874,419,858 5,231 46,973,359 6,693,548 4,028,239 310,400 248,114 2,605,268 15,180 Total including French India. EUROPE. Andorra (1901) Austria-Hungary (1900) Belgium (1900) Bulgaria (1905) Crete (1904) Cyprus (1901) Denmark (1906) s France (1901) 38,961,945 Germany (1905) 60,641.278 Great Britain (1905)... 43,659,121 Greece (est. 1903) 2,645,175 Iceland (1901) 78,470 Italy (1906) 33.733,198 Luxemburg (1900) Monaco (1900) Montenegro (1905) Netherlands (1905) Norway (1900) Portugal (1900).. Roumania (1899).. Russia (1897) San Marino (1899) Servia (1905) Spain (1900) 18,618,086 Sweden (1905) 5,294,885 Switzerland (1905) 3,463.609 Turkey (1900) 6,130.200 Total 403,723,487 NORTH AMERICA. Bahamas (1901) 58,175 Bermuda (1901) 20.209 Canada (1901) 5,683,396 Costa Rica (1905) 334,297 Cuba (1899) 1,572,845 Curacao (1904) 53,486 Danish West Indies (1901) 30,527 French islands (1901).. 425.050 Greenland (1901) 11,893 Guatemala (1903) 1,842,134 Haiti (1905) 1,425,000 Honduras (1901) 744,901 Honduras, British(1901) 38,981 Jamaica (1902) 817,560 Leeward islands (1901) 132.360 Mexico (1900) 13,605,919 Newfoundland* (1901). 229,527 5,591,701 2,240,032 5,^23,132 5,956,690 107,446,199 11,002 2,492,8S2 4,406,761 660.000 36,000,000 121,872 9,000 154,001 4,280 13.000 82,350 410,000 395.000 Nicaragua (1900) Panama (1905) Porto Rico (1899). Salvador (1901) Santo Domingo (1888). United States (1906)t-. Windward isl'ds (1903) Total 115,025,415 including Labrador, flncluding Alaska. OCEANIA. Australian Federation (1901) Borneo and Sarawak (1906) Dutch East Indies(1900) Fiji islands (1901) Guam (1900); Hawaii (1900) Marquesas isl'ds (1897) Marshall islands (1901) New Caledonia* (1901) New Guinea. British (1901) New Guinea, German (1905) New . Zealand (1901) . . . Philippine islands (19031 Samoan islands (1901). Society islands (1897). Solomon islands (1905) Tonga islands (1901)... Total 50.996.J *Including other French depend- encies. SOUTH AMERICA. Argentine Republic (est. 1905) 5,678,197 Bolivia (1906)... 2,267,935 Brazil (1900) 17,371,069 Chile (1903) 3,206042 Colombia (1905) 4,279,674 Ecuador (1902)... 1,205,600 Falkland islands (1901) 2.076 Guiana, British (1891). Guiana, French (1901) Guiana, Dutch (1904).. Paraguay (1905) Peru (1896) Trinidad (1901) Uruguay (1904)., Venezuela (1905). Total 43,628,163 CITIES OF 1,000,000 OR MORE Census City. year.Population. Berlin ............ 1905 2.040.148 Tokyo ............. 1903 1,818,655 Census City. year.Population. London* 1906 7,113,561 New York 1906 4,113,043 Paris 1901 2,714,068 Vienna Chicago 1907 2,107,620 Philadelphia Chinese cities are not included in the list be- cause of the lack of reliable statistics as to their actual population. The Statesman's Year-Book for 1907 gives the population of Siangtan and Singan 1900 1906 INHABITANTS. Census City. year.Population. St. Petersburg.... 1905 1,429,000 Constantinople ...1905 1.106.000 1.674.957 Moscow 1902 1,092.360 1,441.735 Calcutta 1901 1.026.987 as 1,000,000 each; Canton. 900,000; Tientsin, 900,000, and Pekin, 700,000. Other estimates are much higher. *Greater London. URBAN POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. [Twelfth census, 1900.] TEAR. Total. 1 Urban. ^;[ YEAR. Total. Urban. | JJ'j YEAR. Total. Urban. ; 1900 1890 1880.. . 75.4tiS.OH9, 24.H92.199 62.622.250 18.272.503 50.155.7S3 11.318.547 38.558.371' 8,071.875 33.1 1860 29.2 1850.... 31.443.321 23.191.W8 17. 069.453 iz.mim 5.072.256 l(i. 1 1820 2.897..TS6I12 5 1810.... 9/>3S,453 7.239.881 5.308.483 3.9-29.214 475.135 4.9 356.920 4.9 210.8731 4.0 131.472 3.4 2 ('. 1840 1 453.9941 8 5 1800 1870 '... 20.9 1&30 8ri4.509l 6.7 1790 In the above table the total population for 1900 is exclusive of residents on Indian lands and of Hawaii. The urban population in all cases in- cludes persons living in cities and towns of 8,000 or more inhabitants. On the basis of places of 4.000 or more inhabitants the urban population of the United States in 1900 was 28,411,698. or 37.3 per cent. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YFAR-BOOK FOR 1008. POPULATION O? THE UNITED STATES AT BACH CENSUS (1790-1840). [From the reports of the superintendents of the census.] STATE OR TERRITORY. 1840. 1830. 1820. 1810. 1800. 1790. Alabama 1 590,756 97,574 15 27 309,*527 30,388 19 35 127,901 Arkansas California 14,273 Colorado . 20 26 27 8 309,978 78,085 54,477 691,392 Itj 24 25 10 297,675 76,748 34,730 516,823 y 275.248 72,749 a 19 261,942 72,674 8 17 251,002 64,273 8 16 237,964 59,096 Florida a 340,989 11 252,433 12 162,680 18 82,548 Idaho Illinois 14 10 28 476.183 685,866 43,112 98 1:3 157,445 343,031 24 18 55,211 147,178 23 21 12,282 24,520 ' 5,G41 8 19 13 15 8 2:5 779,828 352,411 501.793 470,019 737,<>99 212,267 t; 19 12 It 8 2t; 687,917 215,739 399,455 447,040 610,408 31,039 6 17 12 10 & 564,317 153,407 298,335 407,350 523,287 8,765 18 14 8 5 24 228,705 380,546 472,040 4,762 9 220,955 11 73,677 Maine 14 7 5 151,719 341.548 422,845 11 G 4 96,540 319,728 378,787 Mississippi IV It) 375.651 383,702 22 21 136,621 140,455 21 28 75,448 66,58b 20 22 40,352 20,845 19 8,850 .... Nebraska Nevada 22 18 1 7 284,574 373,306 2,428,921 753,419 l.S 14 1 5 269,328 320,823 1,918,608 737,987 is 13 1 4 244,161 277,575 1,372,812 638,829 16 12 2 4 214,460 245,562 959,049 555,500 11 1 183,858 211,149 589,051 478,103 10 9 5 3 141.885 184,139 340,120 393,751 ew York North Carolina Ohio 3 1,519,467 4 937,903 5 581,434 13 230,760 18 45,365 2 24 11 1,724.033 108,830 594,398 K 1,348,233 & 8 120 8 1,049,458 83,059 502,741 3 17 ti 810,091 76,931 415,115 3 10 6 602,365 69,122 345,591 2 15 7 if 434,373 68,825 249,073 '"35,69'i Rhode Island South 'Carolina 5 829.210 -i 681,904 6 422,823 10 261,727 15 105,602 21 4 291,948 1,239,797 17 3 280,652 1,211,405 1 235,966 1,065,366 15 235,981 974,600 13 1 154,465 880,200 12 1 85,425 747,610 Virginia Washington West Virginia 29 30,945 Wyoming . The states 17,019,641 . .. . 12,820,868 9,600,783 7,215,858 Ui: 5,294,390 Alaska Dakota District of Columbia 1 43,712 1 39,834 % 1 33,039 1 24,023 i 14,093 Idaho. . .. Indian Territory , Montana New Mexico Utah Washington Wyoming - The territories 43,712 ... 39,834 33,039 24,023 14,093 On public ships in service of United States 6,100 5,318 United States Per cent of gain 17,069,453 12,866,020 9,638,453 7,239,88: 5,308,483 3,929,214 32.67 33.55 33.06 36.38 35.10 NOTE The narrow column under each census year shows the order of the states and territories when arranged according to magnitude of population. CENTER OF POPULATION The center of population is the center of gravity of the population of the country, each individual being assumed to have the same weight. What ds known as the median point is the point of inter- section of the line dividing the population equally north and south with the line dividing it eauallv east and west. The center of population in 1900 was at a point six miles southeast of Columbus, Ind., or north latitude 39 degrees and 9.5 minutes and west longitude 85 degrees 48.9 minutes. The AND ITS MEDIAN POINT. median point in 1900 was at Spartanburg, Ind.. or latitude 40 degrees 4 minutes and 22 seconds and longitude 84 degrees 51 minutes and 29 seconds. The center of area of the United States, ex- cluding Alaska and Hawaii and other recent acces- sions, is in northern Kansas, in approximate lat- itude 39 degrees 55 minutes and approximate Ion gltude 98 degrees 50 minutes. The center of pop- ulation is therefore about three-fourths of a de- gree south and more than thirteen degrees east of the center of area. STATISTICS OF POPULATION. 47 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT EACH CENSUS (1850-1900). [From the reports of the superintendents of the census.] STATE OR TERRITORY. 1900. 1890. 1880. 1870. 1860. : 12 26 29 2l' 80 81 8 L850. 771,623- 209,897 92,597 "370,792 91,532 87,445 906,185 18 25 21 81 29 42 32 11 43 8 8 10 ~l 80 26 7 9 19 29 5 41 27 45 36 18 1 15 39 4 35 2 U 24 37 13 6 4U 38 17 33 28 14 U 8 1,828,697 1,311.564 1,485.053 539,700 908,420 184.735 528,542 2,216,331 lfil.772 4,821,550 2,516,462 2.231.853 1,470,4% 2,147,174 1,381.625 694,4G<; 1,188,044 2.805.346 2.420,982 1,751.394 1,551,2,0 8.106.605 243,329 1,066,300 42,335 411,588 1,883,66!* 7,268.85*4 1,893.810 319,146 4,157.545 413,536 6,31)2.115 428.556 1,340.316 401. 571 2.0.061. 3,048,71W 276.74'. 343.641 1,854.184 518.103 958.800 2,069.042 92,531 17 24 22 g 41 32 12 4:S 8 & 19 11 26 80 27 6 J! 21 4'.' 28 45 :>:; 18 1 18 '4 88 2 35 % 13 7 40 36 15 34 28 14 44 8 5 1,513,017 112S.K9 1,208,130 412,198 746,2.58 168,493 391,422 1,837,353 84,385 3,826,351 2,192,404 1,911,896 1,427,096 1,858,635 l,US,5s; 661,086 1.042,390 2,238,943 2,093,889 1,301 ,82. 1.289,600 2,679,184 132,159 1,058,910 45,761 376,530 1,444,933 5,9.)7,853 1,617,947 182,719 3,672,316 313.767 5,258,014 345,50*1 1,151,149 328,808 1,767,518 2,235, 23 20r,9()5 332,422 1,6 5,9oO 349.39U 762,794 1,686,880 60,705 17 25 21 86 28 87 34 13 I 8 22 27 23 7 9 28 18 5 80 88 31 19 1 15 y 86 2 33 21 1,262,505 802,525 864,694 194,327 622,700 146,608 269,493 1,542,180 3.677',87i 1,978,301 1,624,615 996,096 1,648,690 938,9115 648,936 934,943 1,783.085 1,636,937 780,773 1,131,597 2,168,380 ""45iM62 62,-AS 346,991 1,131,116 5,082,871 1,399,750 ' 3,i98;662 174,768 4,282,891 276,531 995,577 16 26 24 ' 34 88 12 "4" 6 11 29 8 21 23 20 7 13 2S 18 5 85 :>7 31 17 1 14 "3" 36 2 82 22 996,992 484,471 560,247 39,864 537,454 125,015 187,748 1,184,109 13 25 26 24 82 31 11 964,201 435,450 379,994 34,277 460,147 112,216 140,424 1,057,286 California. Colorado Florida Idaho Illinois 2,539,891 1,680,637 1,194,020 364.399 1,321,011 726,915 626,915 780,894 1,457,351 1,184,059 439,706 827,922 1,721,295 4 6 20 :;:$ 8 17 za 19 7 16 80 14 8 1,711,951 1,350,428 674,913 107,206 1,155.684 708.002 628.279 687,049 1,231,066 749.113 172,023 791,305 1,182,012 11 7 27 *' IS 16 17 ti 21) 83 15 13 851,470 988,416 192,214 Indiana 982,405 517,762 583,169 583,034 994,514 397,654 6,077 606,526 682,044 Maine Massachusetts Michigan Nebraska 122,993 42,491 318,300 906,096 4,382,759 1,071,361 35 3:', 2, 21 12 28,841 6,857 326,073 672,035 3,880,735 992,622 Nevada 22" 19 ,J "317,976 489,555 3,097.394 869,039 New Hampshire New York North Dakota Ohio 2,665,260 90,92? 3,521,951 217,353 705,606 3 34 2 20 18 2,339,511 52,465 2,90r,215 174,620 703,708 3 32 2 28 14 1,980,329 13,294 2,311,786 147,545 668,507 Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota 12 11 '32' 14 1,542,359 1,591,749 "332,286 1,512,565 ii 80* 10 1,258,520 818,579 '"330,55i 1,225,163 10 23 1,109,801 604,215 I 1,002,717 212,592 Utah 28 5 315,098 1,596,318 28 4 314,120 1,421,661 Virginia Washington 29 16 618,457 1,315,497 27 15 442,014 1,054,670 'is 775,881 24 305,391 Wyon in" The states in: 111! HL 74,610,523 62,116,811 49,371,340 38,155,505 31,218,021 23,067,262 Alaska Arizona 59,620 6 3 1 40,440 135,177 177,624 9 8 1 9,658 14,181 131,700 Dakota 6 2 4837 District of Columbia 3 5 w\ 1 230,392 75,'080 2 51,687 32,610 "G 2 Indian Territory > 392,060 2 8 14,999 Mrntara 39.159 119,5i !5 4 1 195.310 398,o31 91219 8 4 153,593 61,834 7 4 20,595 91,874 93,516 1 61,547 Oklahoma Persons in service of the United States stationed abroad . Utah 143,963 75,116 20,789 "5" 10 86,786 23,955 9,118 "5" 40,273 11,594 11,380 Washington 5 9 Wyoming The territories 1.604.943 505,439 784,443 402,866 225,300 124,614 United States 76,303,387 62,622,250 50,155,783 .... 38,558,371 31,443,321 23,191,876 Per cent of gain 21 24.9 30.08 22.65 35.58 35.86 NOTE The narrow column under each census year shows the order of the states and territories when arranged according to magnitude of population. POPULATION BY CONJUGAL CONDITION. [.United States census, 1900.] CONDITION. Both sexes. Per cent. Males. Per cent. Females. Per cent. bingic 44 187 Io5 57.9 23.66 '.,836 60.6 20,520,319 55.1 Married . . . 27 849 761 3(!.5 14.003.798 35.9 13.845,963 37.2 Widowed 3 903 857 5.1 1,182.293 3.0 2,721,664 7.3 Divorced 199,888 84,903 .2 114.965 .3 Unknown ' 162.746 .2 121.412 .3 41.334 .1 Total 76.303,387 100.0 39.059.242 100.0 37,244,145 100.0 43 CHICAGO DAILY NEsYS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. POPULATION AND AREA OF THE UNITED STATES. I From bulletin No. 71 of the bureau of the census.] STATE OB TERRITORY. ESTIMATED POPULATION". No. of persons persq. mile. AREA IN SQUARE MILES. 1906. 1905. 1904. 1906. 1900. Total. Land. Water. Alabama 2.017,877 143,745 1,421.574 1,618.049 615,570 1,006.716 191,479 307 ,516 629.341 2.443.719 205,704 1,986,347 140.276 1,403.239 1,620.883 60-2.925 989.500 192,855 302.883 *612.54l 2,405.821 198,382 5,319,150 498,000 2.678.492 *2,210.050 *1.545,9T9 - 2,291.444 1,513,145 711.156 1,260.869 *3.003,680 2.557.275 1. 979.912 1,682.105 3,320,405 293,534 1,068.120 42,335 429,118 *2,144.143 212.8^5 *8.0K7.308 2,031,740 *439,678 4,400.155 558.261 464,538 6,824,115 480.082 1,434.901 *455.185 2,147.166 3,455.300 309,734 349.251 1,953,284 598,538 1.05H.805 *2.228,949 101,816 79.362 186,006 1,954,S17 136.807 1,384.904 1,593,717 590.280 973,284 191,231 298,050 595,741 2,367.923 191,060 5,219,630 476,812 2.646,086 2,214,411 *1,534,471 2.262,590 1,486.841 707.818 1.246.304 2.96*,013 *2.530.016 1,934,208 1.855,988 3,277,657 283,493 1,067,756 42,335 425.612 2.092.048 209.323 7,90r.625 2,004,154 415,571 4,351,633 526.275 454.337 6,719.715 469.776 1,415.984 414,462 2.121,856 3,373.982 303.137 348,129 1,933.464 582,451 1.037,204 2,196.9c7 99.959 76,208 179.605 39 1 27 11 al 99 5,129 11 42 i 17 76 40 20 58 8 128 379 45 25 1 14 ' 292 I 173 42 7 109 15 5 155 460 48 6 52 13 4 38 ! 41 1 36 1 25 1 188 94 4,645 10 1 86 13 8 8 30 23 121 349 42 22 34 45 2 U 153 39 5 102 10 4 140 407 44 5 48 12 3 38 1 1 1 51,998 113,956 53.335 158.297 103.948 4.965 2,370 70 58.666 59,265 84.313 56,665 31,209 36,354 56,147 82,158 40,598 48.506 33.040 12.327 8,266 57,980 84,682 46,865 69.420 116.572 77.520 110,690 9,341 8.224 122.634 49,204 52.426 70.837 41.040 ' 38,848 9o.699 45,126 1.248 30.989 77,615 42.022 265.896 81,990 9,564 42,627 69,127 24.170 56,066 97,914 590,884 5l,2r9 113.840 52,525 156,092 103,658 4,820 . 1,965 60 54.861 58,725 83.779 56.002 30,790 35.885 55.586 81,774 40,181 45.409 29.895 ffi 57.480 80.858 46.362 68.727 145.776 76,803 109, 21 9,031 7,514 122,503 47,654 48.740 70,183 40,740 38.624 95.607 44,832 1.067 30.495 76.868 41.687 262.398 82.184 9,124 40,262 66.836 24,022 55,256 97,594 71S 116 810 2,205 290 145 405 10 3,805 540 534 $663 419 t469 561 384 417 3.097 3.145 2,386 227 J5UO $3,821 503 693 796 712 869 310 710 131 $1,550 3,686 654 tsoo 224 1,092 J244 181 494 747 335 3.498 2,806 440 2,365 2.291 148 $810 320 California Florida Georgia Illinois 5,418,670 519,188 2.710.898 2.205,690 1.612,471 ' 2.33C.298 1,539,449 714,494 1.275,434 3.043,346 2;02o!615 1.7118.272 3,3o3,153 W.W5 1,068.484 42,335 432,624 2,196,237 216.328 8.226.990 2,059,326 463,784 4.448.677 590,247 474,738 6,928.515 490.o87 1,453.818 466,908 2.172,476 3,536.618 316,331 350,373 1.973.104 614,625 1,076.406 2,260.930 103.673 82,516 192,407 Iowa Aiaine Mississippi Missouri Nevada New York North Carolina Ohio Utah . Virginia West Virginia Hawaii 6.449 United States 84,216,433 83.941510 82.839.563 82.574.195 81.517,669 81vJ61,8a6 28' 26' 3,624,122 3.026,789 "2.974.159' "' 521630 Continental United States.. 'State census. than 1 person per sauare . mile. ^Exclusive of areas in great lakes. These are as follows: Illinois, 1,674 square miles in Lake Michigan; Indiana, 230 in Lake Michigan; Michi- gan, 16,653 in Lake Superior, 12,922 in Lake Mich- igan, 9,925 in Lake Huron and 460 in Lakes St. Clair and Erie: Minnesota, 2.514 in Lake Superior; New York. 3,140 in Lakes Ontario and Erie; Ohio, 3,443 in Lake Erie; Pennsylvania, 891 in Lake Erie; Wisconsin. 2,378 in Lake Superior and 7.500 In Lake Michigan. Does not include the water surface of the oceans nor the Gulf of Mexico lying within the jurisdiction of the United States. NOTE The areas of the United States and in- sular possessions have been computed generally by planimeter measurements from the latest maps. Slight differences in the figures published hither to by the geological survey, general land office and the bureau of the census, due principally to variations in the maps used, were adjusted at a recent conference of representatives of these bu- reaus and an agreement was reached in regard to the areas. The figures agreed upon are those given in the foregoing table. AREA BT FEDERAL, CENSUS YEARS. Excluding Alaska and islands, the gross area at each census from 1790 to 1900 compares as follews: Census year. Sq. miles. 1900 3,025.600 1890 3,0-25.600 1880 3,025,600 Census year. Sq. miles. 1870 3.025,600 1860 3.025.60G 1850 2.980,959 Census year. Sq. miles. 1840 2.059.013 1830 2.059.043 1820 2.059.043 Census year. Sq. miles. 1810 1.999.775 1800 827.844 1790 827,844 POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES IN [From census bulletin 71.] If to the total estimated population of conti- nental United States for 1906 and 1910 a conserva- tive estimate of the population of Alaska and the outlying territory, Guam, Hawaii, Philippine islands, Porto Rico and Samoa, be added, we have the following: Continental United 1900. 1906. 1910. States 75,994,575 83,941.510 89,153.792 Alaska 63,592 82,516 95,132 1910. 1900. Guam 9,000 Hawaii 154.001 Philippines *7, 635,426 Porto Rico f953.243 Samoa 6,100 Total 84,815,937 93.182,240 98,854,583 Census of 1903. fCensus of 1899. STATISTICS OF POPULATION. POPULATION BY CERTAIN AGES AND BY LITERACY. [Census of 1900. 1 STATE OK TERRITORY. MALES OF VOTING AGE. MALES OP MILITIA AGE. Total illiterate Persons of school age. Aggre- gate. 4l8fi2 37,956 44,081 313.836 544,087 185,708 280,340 54.018 83,823 139.601 600,752 79,607 53,932 1,401,456 720,20(5 97,361 635,298 413,786 543.996 325.943 217.663 321.903 843,465 719,478 506. Y94 349.177 856.684 101,931 301.091 17,710 130,987 555.608 55.067 2,184,965 417.578 95.217 1,212,223 109.191 144,446 1,817,239 127.144 283,325 112,681 487.380 737,708 67,172 108,356 447,815 195.572 247,970 o'.O.Tlo 37,898 Native born. Foreign born. Aggre- gate. Native born. Foreign born. Alabama v Alaska 405,598 26489 30,306 305.464 318.817 133.935 173,248 47.202 73.722 127.865 493.740 13,064 38,185 932.574 646,889 94,361 477,273 346.761 518,772 299,772 178,931 279,216 495,734 457,353 245,768 344,151 743.659 58,237 209,961 10.523 q^- non 357447 47,482 1,346,829 415,048 39,344 985,969 100.528 lul,923 1,330.099 72,820 280,221 67,079 477,739 650,599 41.939 87,465 436,389 126,190 235.036 313,188 26,563 8.264 11,467 13.775 8,372 225.270 51,773 107.092 ' 6.816 10.101 11,736 7,012 66,543 15.747 468.882 73.317 3.000 158.025 67,025 25.224 26,171 38,732 42.687 347,731 262.125 261,026 5.026 113,025 43,694 91130 198J61 7,585 838.136 2.530 55,873 226,254 8.663 42.523 487.140 54.324 3,104 45,602 9,641 87.169 25,233 20,891 11,426 69,382 12.934 257.527 11,335 328.949 19.703 34.231 250.380 378,877 142,136 207.696 40.029 62.981 114.500 409,186 72.596 41,783 1,091.472 530.615 82,252 475,760 304,439 428,622 268,739 142.175 243,776 632.369 516,802 399.734 289,599 662,928 83.574 235,572 11,596 88.149 422,758 41,464 1,639.395 326.202 80,191 893.327 85.884 105.628 1,405.916 95.737 236.767 87,565 384.249 599,221 53,755 70,850 346.030 149,586 200.503 425,825 32,988 324.516 12.371 24,207 246.332 251.028 106.(>09 131,605 35,681 58,087 106,566 405,359 10.064 31,674 795,822 498.893 80,475 396,201 272,706 418.709 255.082 115.499 220,933 379.147 359,128 234,386 287.245 609,646 49,533 181,752 7,854 Ji:S 36.749 1,078,237 324,855 37,465 774,274 80.934 80,020 1,066.136 56,459 235.261 59,049 379.751 547,750 40,683 58,259 340.247 100,731 192.516 290.891 24,158 4,433 7.332 10,024 4.048 127,849 35.527 76,091 4.348 4,894 7,934 3,827 62,532 10.109 295,650 31,722 1,777 79,559 31.733 9.913 13.657 26,676 22.843 25^.222 157.674 165.348 2.354 53,282 34.041 53,820 3,742 26.749 134,331 4.115 561,158 1.347 42,726 119,053 4,950 25,608 339,780 39,278 1,506 28,456 4.498 51.471 13,072 12,591 5.783 48,855 7,987 134.934 8,830 139,649 10.735 10.533 62,615 33.508 7,689 18,984 7538 7,052 30,849 158,247 11 15.482 17.061 14,214 102,528 122,638 13,952 40.352 53.694 39,230 20.785 118,054 60,327 5,900 7.388 2.271 10,295 38,305 15,585 130.004 122.658 5,158 58,698 6,479 :S 11,675 99,516 5,442 105,851 113,783 2,470 8,544 113,353 6.635 32.066 31,136 1,636 733,222 11.408 38.868 529.375 420,081 f.531 ,101 197.600 885,725 33.774 54,964 1,589.915 843,885 159,125 767,870 527,560 798.027 538,267 199.153 403.026 778,110 790,275 612,990 633,027 1,105.258 65.871 386,384 11,399 110.895 572,923 69,712 2,146,764 753.826 112,789 1,338,345 147,656 132,887 2,031,171 124.646 560,773 147,165 780,421 1,215,634 106.513 98,614 704,771 158,245 356,471 730,685 27,500 California ...'. Colorado y. . Florida Hawaii Idaho Illinois (ndian Territory Maine Massachusetts Michigan Nebraska,.., New Mexico New York Ohio Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Utah Virginia Washington ... West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Total 21,251,862 1,007,670 511,048 386,953 171,798 176,068 141.271 111.522 16,163,366 460,445 237,688 257,575 116,218 93,488 111.181 54,378 5,087,306 547,225 273,360 129,378 55.580 82,580 30,090 57,144 16,275,001 822,172 420,136 302,440 138,008 138,548 110,530 90.621 13,061.362 425,381 223,423 217.663 108.629 77,736 93,553 51,342 3,213,639 396,791 196,713 84,777 29,379 60,812 16,977 39,279 2,325,320 65,556 20,572 17,588 7,026 8,111 10,152 5.786 26,098,123 1,028,069 526,013 369,657 179,529 143,858 160,379 122,005 IN LARGE CITIES. New York Philadelphia Baltimore ' Cleveland State or territory. Alabama .. 35.5 Alaska .1 Arizona . 1.1 Arkansas . 24.7 California . 9.5 Colorado . 52 Connecticut . 187.5 Delaware . 94.3 Dist. of Columbia. . .4,645.3 Florida . 9.7 Georgia . 37.6 Hawaii . 23.9 Idaho . 1.9 Illinois. . 86.1 DENSITY OF POPULATION. Inhabitants per square mile of land area in the states and territories in 1900. State or territory. Indiana 70.1 Indian Territory 12.6 Iowa '. 40.2 Kansas 18.0 Kentucky 53.7 Louisiana 30.4 Maine 23.2 Maryland 120.5 Massachusetts 348.9 Michigan 42.2 Minnesota 22.1 Mississippi 33.5 Missouri . 45.2 Montana. 1.7 State or territory. Nebraska 13.9 Nevada , 4 New Hampshire 45.7 New Jersey 250.3 New Mexico 1.6 NewYork 152.6 North Carolina 39.0 4.5 North Dakota Ohio 102.0 Oklahoma 10.3 Oregon 4.4 Pennsylvania 140.1 Rhode Island 407.0 State or territory South Carolina South Dakota . 44.4 5.2 Tennessee . 48.4 . 116 Utah 3:4 Vermont . 37.6 Virginia . 46.2 7 7 West Virginia...... . 38.9 . 38.0 . .9 United States.... . 26.6 50 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. NEGROES IN THE UNITED STATES. [Federal census of 1900.] STATE OK TERRITORY. 1900. PERCENTAGE 1900. PERCENTAGE, 1890. PER CENT GAIN 1890-1900. White. Negro. White. Negro. White. Negro. White. Negro. 1,001.152 30.493 92,903 941,580 1,402.727 529,046 153i977 191,532 297,333 1,181.294 66,890 154,495 4,734,873 2.458,502 302,680 2,218,667 1,416.319 1,862.309 729,612 692.226 952,424 2.7<>9.764 2,398.563 1,737,036 641.200 2,944.843 226,283 1,056,526 35.405 410,791 1.812,317 180.207 7.156,881 1,263,603 311,712 4,0(50,204 367.524 394,582 6,141.664 419.050 557.807 380,714 1,540,186 2,426,ti69 2i2,465 312,771 1,192,855 4116.304 915,233 2,057.911 89,051 827.307 168 1.848 366,856 11,045 8,570 15,226 30.697 86.702 2:iO,7HO 1,034,813- 233 293 85,078 57.505 36,a53 12,693 52.006 284,706 650,804 1.319 235,064 31.974 15.816 4,959 907,630 161,234 1.523 6.209 134 662 69,844 1,610 99,232 624,469 286 96.901 18,831 1,105 156,845 9,092 782,321 465 480,243 620,722 672 826 660,722 2,514 43999 2,542 940 54.7 48.0 756 72.0 94.5 98.0 98.2 83.4 68.7 56.3 53.3 43.4 95.5 98.2 97.7 77.2 99-4 9o.3 86.7 52.8 99.7 80.2 98.7 99.1 99.2 41.3 94.8 93.0 99.1 83.6 99.8 9(5.2 92.3 98.5 66.7 97.7 97.7 92.3 95.4 97.5 97.8 41.6 94.8 76.2 79.6 98.5 99.7 64.3 95.8 95.5 1)9.5 96.2 45.2 ,:! 28.0 .7 1.6 1.7 16.6 31.1 43.7 46.7 .2 .2 1.8 2.3 9.4 .6 3.5 13.3 47.1 .2 19.8 1.1 .1 .3 58.5 5.2 .6 .6 .3 .2 3.7 .8 1.4 33.0 .1 2.3 4.7 ii 58.4 23.8 20.4 .2 .2 35.6 .5 4.5 .1 1.0 55.1 13.4 63.2 72.6 91.6 97.9 98.3 83.1 67.1 57.5 53.2 86.6 92.7 98.5 97.9 61.2 99.4 96.4 85.6 49.9 99.7 79.3 98.9 99.0 98.9 42.2 94.4 89.3 98.5 82.6 99.8 96.7 89.2 98.7 65.2 95.5 97.6 79.4 95.1 97.9 97.8 40.1 94.1 75.6 78.1 97.7 9'.).7 61.6 95.4 95.7 99.3 94.8 44.8 .3 1.5 27.4 .9 1.5 1.6 16.8 32.8 42.5 46.7 1.5 2.1 10.3 .6 3.5 14.4 50.0 20i? 1.0 .7 57i8 5.6 1.0 .8 .5 , -2 3.3 1.2 1.2 34.7 .2 2.4 3.8 1! 59.8 .2 24.4 21.8 .3 asi .4 4.3 .1 1.5 20.1 609.5 66.7 15.4 26.2 30.8 21.7 9.9 23.8 32.2 20.7 10.3 45.6 25.6 14.5 174.5 16.7 2.9 1Y.1 30.7 5.0 15.2 25.0 25.6 34.0 17.7 16.5 77.2 .9 9.5 9.3 29.8 26.1 20.8 19.7 70.9 13.3 489.9 30.7 19.3 24.0 20.7 16.1 15.2 39.0 32.3 3.4 16.9 45.6 25.4 22.4 50.1 21.6 50.0 36.2 18.7 2.4 37.9 23.8 8.1 14.7 38.8 20.5 "'5(f.9 49.2 27.2 97.8 18.8 4.6 6.2 16.4 10.8 9.0 44.4 49.2 34.6 22.2 Ii 29.7 44.6 7.8 46.6 li.7 41.6 11.3 23.3 11.2 W3.4 6.8 45.8 23.0 13.6 14.0 11.5 27.2 14.3 11.8 4.0 515.9 33.1 .4 2.0 Alaska Arizona Connecticut Florida Hawaii ... . .... Idaho -. Illinois Indiana Maine Maryland Michigan Mississippi. Montana Nebraska gevada ew Hampshire New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia "Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming United States 66,990.788 8,840,789 87.8 11.6 87.5 11.9 21.4 18.1 NEGRO POPULATION BY CENSUS YEARS. YEAR. Total population. White. Negro. PER CENT OP TOTAL. White. Negro. 1900.... 76,303,387 63,069.756 50,155,783 38,558,371 31,443,321 23.191,876 17,069,453 12,866,020 9,638.453 7,239,881 5.31)8.48:5 3,929,214 66.990,788 55,166,184 43,403.400 33,589.377 26,922.5H7 19.553.068 14.195,805 10.537,378 7,866.797 5,862.073 4,30(5,446 3,172,006 8.840,789 7,488.788 6,580,793 4,880,009 4,441,830 3,638,808 2.873,648 2.328.642 1,771,656 1,377.808 1,002.037 757,208 87.8 87.5 86.5 87.1 85.6 84.3 83.2 81.9 81.6 81.0 81.1 80.7 11.6 11.9 13.1 12.7 14.1 15.7 1(5.8 18.1 18.4 19.0 18.9 19.3 1890.... 1880 I860 1850.. . 1840... 1830 1820 1810 :::::: 1800.... 1790 POPULATION BY SEX, NATIVITY AND COLOR. [Twelfth census, 1900.] Classification. Number. M ales .-. 39,059.242 Females 37.244,145 Native born 65.843.302 foreign born.. .. 10.4110.485 Classification. Number. Native parents.. 41,053,017 Foreign parents. 15.687.322 White 6fi,<)90,802 Colored H.312.585 Classification. Number. Native white 56.74<).7;; ( .) Foreign white . . . 10.2.Mi.Uf,:i Negro 8.84U.78'.t Classification. Number. Chinese 119,050 Japanese 85,986 Indian STATISTICS OF POPULATION. 51 INDIANS IN THE UNITED STATES. [Twelfth census, 1900.] STATE OB TEURITOUY. Taxed Not taxed. STATE OR TERRITORY. Taxed Not taxed. STATE OR TERRITORY. Taxed Not taxed. Alabama Alaska 177 29536 Louisiana Maine 593 798 Oklahoma 6.018 6 : 9L>7 Arizona 1,836 24044 Maryland 3 IM Arkansas 66 Massachusetts... . 587 California 13,828 1.549 Michigan 6354 Colorado 840 597 7 414 1 768 -*JLA~ Connecticut 153 Mississippi 2,203 108 Delaware 9 / 130 Dist Columbia. . . 22 Montana 597 10 74(i Utah Florida 358 Nebraska 3,322 Vermont 5 Georgia 19 Nevada 3,55' 1,'J65 Virginia 354 Idaho ..r 1,929 2,297 New Hampshire.. 22 7 508 Illinois 16 New Jersey 63 I 9 Indiana 213 New Mexico 10,207 2.937 Wisconsin 6715 1 657 Indian Territory 1,107 382 51.393 New York North Carolina 546 5687 4,711 Wyoming 1,686 2 130 North Dakota 2276 4092 . Kentucky 102 Ohio 42 Total 137.242 139.518 PERSONS OF FOREIGN PARENTAGE IN THE UNITED STATES. [Twelfth census, 1900.] By persons of foreign parentage are meant all Hungary Ireland Italy persons, whether of native or foreign birth, wiio have one or both parents foreign born. Austria 434. 72S Bohemia 356,8fi5 Canada(English) 1,319.141 Canada (French) 812,621 Denmark England 2,146.271 France , 267.257 Germany 7,832,681 Norway Poland . Russia . Scotland 216,402 4,981,047 732.421 787.836 687,711 685,360 623,350 Sweden 1,084,842 Switzerland 255,278 Wales 246,596 Other countries. 1,079.366 Mixed foreign.. 1,340,678 Total 26.198,939 FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. [Twelfth census, 1900.] CorxTRY OF BlHTH. 1900. 1890. 1880. COUNTRY OP BIRTH. 1900. 1890. 1880. Austria Bohemia Canada (Eng.). Canada (Fr.) .. Denmark Num- ber. 276.249 156.991 785.958 395.297 154,284 842,078 104.341 2.666.990 105.049 1 5.802 1,618.567 484,207 Per cent 2.7 ?! 3.8 1.5 8.1 1.0 25.8 1.0 1.4 lb.6 4.7 Num- ber. 123,271 118,i06 678.442 302.496 132.543 902.092 113,174 2,784,894 81,828 62435 1,871,509 182,580 Per cent 1.3 1.3 7.3 3.3 [ 1.4 ?:! 30.1 0.9 0.7 20.2 2.0 Num- ber. 38.6r>3 85,31 717,157 64.196 664.160 106.971 1,966.742 58.090 11.526 1,854.571 44.->;jU Per cent 0.6 1.3 10.7 1.0 ?:! 29.4 09 0.2; 27. 8 0.7 Mexico Num- ber. 1(K,410 336.985 383.510 424.096 233.977 573.040 115,851 93.682 356,-'80 Per cent 1:1 4.1 2.3 5.5 1.1 0.9 3.4 Num- ber. 77.853 322,665 147,440 182.644 242,231 478.041 104.069 100.0,9 234.155 Per cent 0.9 3.5 1.6 2.0 2 6 5.2 1.1 1.1 2.5 Num- ber. 68,399 181,729 48.557 35.722 170.136 194337 88,f,21 83, 02 197.473 Per cent 1.0 2.7 0.7 0.5 2.5 2.9 1.3 1.3 2.5 Norway Poland Russia Scotland France Switzerland.... Wales Other countries Total Germany Holland.. ..".... Hungary Ireland Italy 10,356.644 100.0 9,249.547 100.0 6,679,943 100.0 FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION BY STATES. [Twelfth census, 1900.] Distributed according to countries of birth. STATE OR TERRITORY. Total* Aus- tria. Bo- hemia. Can- ada. Den- mark. Ens- land. Fr'nce Gr- many. Hol- land.' Hun- gary. 14 592 341 31 706 90 2347 539 3634 42 332 Alaska ... 12 651 8 1619 260 674 93 1 020 g Arizona 24.233 OGJ2 16 1.269 199 1,561 253 1.245 OO 22 fkansas 14.289 451 281 1.093 135 1.394 387 5.971 69 97 367 240 5356 504 24 818 9040 35 746 12 256 72449 1015 799 91 155 6024 330 9797 2050 13 575 1 162 14606 '260 574 2: IS '!(. 5330 493 27 045 2 249 21 569 2427 31892 153 5692 13 810 117 4 298 43 1,506 148 2,332 69 ' 86 District of Columbia 20 119 187 12 906 88 2.299 389 5:857 42 48 Florida 23,832 91 20 1.202 204 2.231 262 1,8)2 52 37 Georgia 12,403 203 23 759 88 1,514 249 3,407 38 166 Hawaii 9078C 225 351 72 739 100 1,154 19 5 Idaho 24 604 294 81 2923 1 62(5 3943 194 2974 50 37 Illinois -... 966 747 18. 212 38,570 50 595 15,680 64,390 7,787 332 169 21 916 6.734 142.121 2.089 526 5,934 783 10.874 2,984 73,546 1,678 1,379 Indian Territory 4.858 203 24 380 33 779 216 842 12 20 305.920 2,309 10,809 15,637 17,102 21,027 1,905 123,162 9,388 453 Kansas 126 685 3.517 3,039 8.538 2,914 13,283 2,012 39.509 875 650 5U249 475 52 1 208 3256 983 27 555 136 146 52903 765 30 1034 216 2068 6,500 11,839 78 148 Maine 93 330 165 16 67. Of 7 4,793 180 1,356 22 29 93,934 1,756 2,813 1,230 177 5,299 534 44,990 220 32:i 840.324 3.955 810 293, 169 2.470 82.346 3,905 31,395 993 92*; Michigan 541,653 6.049 2,160 184,398 6,390 43,839 2,590 125.074 30,406 835 52 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION BY STATES.-COXTINUED. STATE OR TERRITORY. Total* Aus- tria. Bo- hemia. Can- ada. Den- mark Eng- land. Fr'nce Ger- many. Hol- land. Hun- gary. 505 318 8875 11 147 47.57S 16 29S 12 025 1444 117 007 2717 2 182 Mississippi .... 7,981 246 13 420 798 1 926 41 40 216, 379 4 458 3,453 8,616 1.510 15,666 o OQQ 109.282 812 902 Montana 67.067 3575 177 13,826 1,041 8.077 539 7,162 31b 274 Nebraska 177 347 3893 16 138 9 049 12 531 9 757 876 65 506 885 461 10093 96 1 032 339 1 167 303 1 179 3 New Hampshire 88 107 201 11 58 967 5 100 211 2 006 21 84 New Jersey 431,884 14,728 1063 7 132 3899 45 428 5543 119.598 10 261 14 913 New Mexico 13.625 352 15 764 968 298 1.360 41 New York 1 1 00 4 9 5 78 491 16 347 117 535 8746 135 685 20 008 480 02K 9414 37 1US ' 4*492 28 480 36 904 95 1 191 North Dakota 113 091 1 131 1 445 28 166 3953 2909 251 11 546 317 13 9 7 Ohio 458 734 11 575 15 131 22 767 1468 44 745 5604 204,160 1 7W 16 463 Oklahoma 15*680 1 168 1427 226 1.121 m 5,112 153 65,748 843 231 6508 1,663 5.663 776 13,292 324 156 985250 67 49 9 3368 14 760 2531 114 831 9 158 212 453 637 47 34'5 134*519 578 39 277 268 22 832 679 4 300 64 69 5528 77 14 204 55 474 84 2075 6 19 South Dakota 88508 926 2320 7044 5038 3 8f<2 262 17 873 1 566 421 17 746 284 16 1 045 117 2207 332 4 569 52 296 179357 6,870 1920S 2,949 1,089 8,213 2,025 48295 262 593 Utah 53.777 240 13 1,331 9,132 18,879 220 2,360 523 33 44 747 237 27 25 540 225 2447 171 882 20 128 Virginia 19461 259 271 1 030 128 3425 316 4 504 72 607 111 364 2343 396 20 284 3626 10 481 1 065 16,686 632 222 West Virginia 22*451 1025 27 711 60 2 622 298 6,537 2 810 Wisconsin 515 971 7319 14 145 33 951 16 171 17 995 1,637 242,777 6496 1 123 Wyoming 17.415 1.046 58 1.148 884 2.596 183 2.146 18 2-!7 STATE OR TERRITORY. Ireland. 3 I Poland (Austri- an and Germ'n) III I M 1 Sweden. ji Wales. Alabama 1,792 862 159 26 107 468 1223 488 200 306 Alaska 677 438 L243 13 218 295 1,445 80 41 Arizona ..-, 1.15S 699 123 g 16 107 399 342 199 136 1 345 576 54 129 93 276 342 355 679 113 California 44476 22777 5060 259 1 061 3421 9 467 14549 10 974 1 949 Colorado 10 132 6818 1*144 87 533 2938 4069 10765 1 479 1*955 Connecticut 70994 19105 '709 2441 8257 11401 6 175 16 164 1 499 *650 Delaware 5.044 1 122 49 445 *982 380 341 ' 59 43 District of Columbia Florida 6,220 797 '930 1 707 101 235 13 119 13 807 220 574 4H4 234 244 113 82 169 Georgia 2293 218 155 137 1 232 417 204 18C Hawaii.. . *225 58 198 72 58 427 140 28 21 Idaho 1633 779 1 173 15 31 124 746 2 822 1 017 732 Illinois 114563 23.523 29970 47782 20 167 28707 20021 99 147 9*033 4 364 Indiana 16,306 1327 384 4672 1 395 1 215 2305 4673 3472 2083 Indian Territory 397 573 31 4 195 200 404 ' 88 ' 63 175 Iowa 28.321 1 198 25634 153 598 1 998 6425 29.8i'5 4342 3091 11516 987 1 477 268 483 11 019 4 219 15 144 3 337 2005 Kentucky 9874 679 34 46 622 1076 *793 *222 1929 *337 Louisiana. ... 6436 17 431 189 30 138 642 399 353 *523 12o Maine . . 10.159 1*334 509 31 412 1 021 2 127 1935 45 199 Maryland 13,874 2*449 246 1 115 2566 11 301 2 128 347 320 674 Massachusetts 249.916 28785 3335 9698 11 805 26963 24 332 32.192 1277 1680 Michigan 29,182 6 178 7 582 22281 6005 4 138 10,343 26,956 2,617 83S 22428 2 222 104 845 9 061 y.obi 2 300 5 907 4 810 115476 3258 1288 Mississippi 1264 *845 74 ' 87 *414 196 '303 ' 83 ' 30 Missouri . . . 31 832 4 345 530 1840 1840 6672 3878 5692 6819 1 613 Montana 9436 2*199 3354 64 *149 *394 2422 5346 '("96 935 Nebraska 11*127 752 2883 2462 632 8083 2773 24 693 2340 922 1 425 1 24K 50 ' 1 21 27 247 278 344 128 New Hampshire 13,547 947 295 508 356 722 2,019 2,032 96 68 New Jersey 94844 41 865 2 296 3 670 10687 19745 14211 7 337 6570 1 195 New Mexico 692 *661 33 * 14 4] ' 99 *427 244 105 New York 425553 182248 12G01 29490 40265 165610 33862 42 70S jo f?7o 7,304 North Carolina 371 *201 ' 21 ' 38 253 '320 68 77 20 North Dakota 2,670 700 30206 878 176 14 979 1 800 8,419 374 147 Ohio 55018 11 3^1 639 9 945 6 877 8203 9327 3 951 12007 11 481 Oklahoma 987 *28 118 58 98 2,649 333 *494 *36l 91 Oregon 4210 1014 2789 50 263 1 753 2283 4555 2677 401 Pennsylvania 205404 6(5*655 1 343 29895 46463 50959 30386 24,130 6,707 35,453 Rhode Island 35*501 8972 342 '898 964 2 129 5455 6,072 166 256 South Carolina 1 131 *180 49 8 - 95 316 239 65 36 8 South Dakota 3.298 19,788 316 156 12 365 1,153 8,647 585 519 Tennessee. 3379 1 222 141 41 281 927 544 337 1 004 3UO Texas . . . 6 173 3*942 1 356 2 186 1162 2259 1 952 4388 1709 313 Utah 1 516 1*062 2*128 24 41 119 3 143 7.025 1,469 2.141 Vermont 7453 2 154 54 107 262 377 2 049 1,020 1,056 Virginia 3 534 781 123 11 136 1 9 42 1 102 218 229 267 Washington 7 9 62 2124 9 891 194 312 2462 3 623 12737 1825 1,509 West Virginia 3312 2*921 ' 19 224 409 '721 *855 132 696 482 Wisconsin 23544 2 172 26975 4814 4243 4 569 26,196 7,666 3,356 Wyoming 1,591 '781 378 40 90 1,253 1,727 199 393 Includes also those born in other foreign countries. STATISTICS OP POPULATION. 53 POPULATION OF CHIEF AMERICAN CITIES. [From report of census bureau.] CITY. Rank in 1906. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1! 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 i? 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30. S $ 35 36 - 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 57 58 59 60 % 63 64 65 66 67 68 % 71 72 73 74 75 76 8 79 s 8 ? 82 ESTIMATED BY CENSUS BUREAU. FEDERAL CENSUS. Decennial increase. 929.788 598.725 246.733 123,468 112.415 74,618 120,415 96,723 ' 82,999 79,828 28,994 80,847 45.065 48,326 64.240 37.980 43,430 43,602 63,728 29,909 43,451 28,712 31,036 50,388 27,146 37.410 24,609 33,766 37,825 36,019 26,729 20,231 26,811 44*041 30.'465 24.339 37,834 24,113 27,287 21,858 t772 26,620 17,273 20,300 3.662 15,849 15,077 12,917 4,697 22,130 12,786 12,046 13.102 21,709 1,697 U.880 18.278 17.905 21,491 11,055 19,854 11.753 15,716 15,076 12,376 12.861 15,898 151648 171937 8,688 14,003 12,009 17,076 852 10,782 1,708 13,720 1906. 1905. 1904. 1900. 1890. New York. N. Y 4,113.043 2,049,185 1,441,735 649,320 602,2,8 553,069 460,327 381,819 375.082 353.563 345.230 317,903 314,146 307,716 289,684 273.825 237,952 226,129 2031815 203,243 185,703 182,376 159.980 151.920 145.4U 145,240 130.078 125,018 124,167 121,227 118,880 118,692 118,004 112,801 109.884 105,942 104,984 104.169 100,799 99.794 9; 173 91,141 87,246 86,355 85,140 84,849 84,703 84,274 78.748 78,323 *77,912 76,746 76.513 75.836 73,813 71.548 70,798 68,596 67,337 66,931 66,689 66.365 65.099 64.703 *64,HO 63,957 62.711 62,185 61,919 61.903 61,202 60.121 59,993 58,132 56,317 55.735 55,392 55,167 *4,000.403 1,990.750 1,417,062 636.973 '595,380 546 217 437.114 *376.914 364.161 325,563 34S.337 *312.948 309,639 303,883 *283,289 "261,974 232.099 222.669 212.198 *197,023 "198.635 "182,022 179,272 155,287 150,317 142,105 142.848 *128,135 121,235 120.565 119,027 "117,129 116,111 115.479 *1 11,529 104,141 M05,762 102,702 99.586 98,133 97,756 "97,434 *97,806 93.160 "94,889 89.111 86.880 "84.180 83,860 "83.363 84.227 82,061 "77,042 "75,626 *67,614 "74.362 "76,271 *69l272 67,311 "64,942 58.006 "65.468 65.026 "63.647 63,417 "61.414 63.132 61.146 60,509 "58,213 60.109 58,914 58.721 58.783 56.300 56,232 54,807 51,962 54.330 3.887,762 1,932,315 1.392.389 624,626 588.482 538,7(i5 425,632 372,008 352.852 "317,591 341,444 308,343 305ll32 298,050 272.950 250.122 227,445 219,191 204,772 190,231 194.027 177,223 176.168 150,594 148,714 138.796 140,453 126,192 117,452 116,963 116,827 115,378 112,334 112.979 110,257 101,398 105.582 "95J18 96.324 97,075 90,498 94,905 87,081 & 82,580 81,877 83,751 79.848 75,336 72.928 "57,710 71,978 76,028 71,243 71.528 68,551 67746 66,026 62,547 56.662 64,247 63,687 62,194 62 131 58,717 62,307 59,581 58,833 54,506 . 58.315 58,026 57321 57,573 54.468 56.147 53,879 48,532 53,494 3.437,202 1,698,575 1,293,697 575.238 560,892 508957 381,768 352,387 321.616 285,704 325,902 285,315 287,104 278,718 246,070 2061433 204,731 169,164 163.065 . 175,597 162.608 163,752 131,822 133.859 125.560 129,896 118.421 102.320 102.555 108.027 108.374 102,026 102.979 105,171 90,426 104,863 89,872 9L886 94,151 79.850 94.969 78,961 85.050 73.307 76,508 75,935 80,865 70,996 68,513 62,139 51.418 62.442 75,057 62.059 66.960 62,559 61,643 54,244 52,969 46,624 59,364 56,100 56,383 5(5,987 47,931 t,007 ,321 311682 51,139 53,531 51.721 52,733 44,633 55,807 50,167 37,714 50,145 2,507,414 1.099,850 1,046,694 451,770 448,477 434.439 261.353 255.91 14 238,617 205,876 296.908 204,468 242,039 230,392 181, a30 164,738 163.003 161,129 105,4S6 133,156 132,146 133.896 132,716. 81,434 106.713 88,150 105.287 84,655 64,495 66,536 81,298 88,143 75,215 52,324 78.347 46,385 74.398 65.533 42,837 61.220 60,278 70.028 94.923 53,230 77,696 58,661 81,388 571458 61,431 63,018 76,168 48,866 55,727 50.093 38,316 40,733 73.360 44,179 48,682 44,654 40,152 43,189 33.115 34,871 43,648 41,024 44,007 44,126 32,033 50,756 37,673 37,764 19,902 33,202 44.843 37,717 40,634 ilg 39.385 36,006 36,425 Chicago. Ill .. Philadelphia Pa Boston, Mass .. Baltimore, Md....". Cleveland, O Buffalo, N. Y Pittsburg, Pa Detroit. Mich Cincinnati, O Milwaukee. Wis ?t New Orleans, La Washington, D. C Newark N J Louisville Ky . St Paul Minn Rochester, N. Y Kansas City Mo Toledo O Syracuse NY "... Paterson N J Portland Ore Fall River Mass Seattle Wash Albany NY Reading Pa Wilmington Del ... . Nashville Tenn . Des Moines Iowa Kansas City, Kas New Bedford Mass Troy N Y Oakland Cal Somerville Mass Duluth Minn Norfolk, Va Hoboken. N. J... Peoria, 111 Utica, N . Y Yonkers NY .... Evansville Ind San Antonio Tex Elizabeth. N. J Salt Lake City Utah Wilkesbarre Pa Erie Pa Houston, Tex Charleston. S. C Harrisburg, Pa Tacoma Wash Portland. Me *State census. tDecrease. Note Census bureau at request of municipal authorities made no estimates of population of San Fran- cisco. Cal., and Los Angeles, Cal. In 1905 San Francisco had an estimated population of 364,677 andLoa Angeles in 1900 had 102,479 inhabitants. 54 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION OF AMERICAN CITIES Having 100,000 or more inhabitants, distributed according to country of birth. [Twelfth census, 1900.] CITY. Aus- tria. Bohe- mia. Can- ada. Den- mark. Eng- land. Fr'nce Ger- many. Hol- land. Hun- gary. Ire- land. New York N Y 71.427 11,815 5.154 2,563 1.115 1.3515 4,630 776 1,841 654 3,553 391 471 1.616 187 4.074 1.445 163 1,133 423 255 375 1,488 171 379 275 3 ! i 139 293 504 316 90 829 15.055 36,31)2 270 2,590 93 2,321 13,599 39 197 94 75 .& 1,719 12 213 32 16 385 i 62 1,343 6 89 15 757 12 1 9 8 28 6 25 2,170 1 63 21.926 34.779 3.283 2,490 m s 8,611 17.242 5.199 1.031 MB 28,944 1,904 906 964 L gJ 7.343 7,732 673 1,549 4,572 8,299 2,868 3,295 465 494 8,367 2,955 1,170 559 22,501 526 1.270 2,897 189 281 5.621 10,166 934 390 675 107 373 148 2,171 49 38 92 231 514 88 216 319 34 1,473 109 200 241 1,206 51 573 97 15 29 153 48 234 47 47 92 2,430 239 30 9 68.&S6 29.308 36.752 5.800 13.174 2.841 10.621 6.908 8.956 2.201 8.902 1.262 6.347 2,134 2,299 5,874 4,642 830 2.289 9,639 L154 1.863 2.005 3.909 3.344 1,636 2,177 1.057 2.615 2.383 1.912 6.285 12,268 632 1.526 3.017 367 3.692 14,755 2.989 2,521 1,462 1,003 369 485 791 4,870 748 573 4,428 589 263 389 646 648 370 207 244 230 264 289 307 324 248 359 132 88 !!I 813 79 109 147 993 104 99 322.343 170.738 71.319 58.781 10,523 33.208 40.648 36.720 35,194 38.219 21,222 8.733 32.027 53.854 5.857 25.139 17.375 12.383 7.335 2.257 8,632 4.816 12,935 15,685 5.114 12.373 12.022 6,296 626 7,865 4.743 6.584 245 3,566- 5.522 4.023 1,508 4.704 2.608 18.555 258 368 391 98 804 311 244 369 62 47 397 - 60(5 42 108 'Jf 96 42 53 I 927 73 51 8 15 8 19 19 4,893 '"iV 68 86 13 4 31.516 4,946 2,785 561 330 155 9,558 215 315 208 2,124 68 91 381 48 1,325 136 50 581 35 138 118 1 179 647 560 34 3 65 317 4 19 253 60 47 561 275.102 73.W12 98.427 19,421 70.147 9.690 13.1-30 11.292 15,963 9,114 18.620 6,393 6.412 2,653 6.2 JO 12,792 19,314 4. IDS 3.213 13,686 3.765 3.507 4.892 5,5'.)9 3,435 2,634 5.070 2.0,'9 11.620 5.717 10.491 6J14 7.317 1.241 2.1(54 1.720 1.133 7.193 Chicago 111 Baltimore Md Buffalo N. Y Detroit, Mich Milwaukee, Wis Washington, D. C Newark N J Louisville Ky ... Providence, R.I Indianapolis, Ind Kansas City, Mo St Paul Minn Rochester N Y Toledo O Allegheny, Pa Columbus, O. Worcester, Mass Paterson N J Fall River Mass St Joseph Mo Omaha Neb Los Angeles. Cal Memphis, Tenn Scranton, Pa CITY. x 1 Norway. Poland (Aus- trian and German.) Poland (Russian and unknown). Russia. 1 1 do 1 28.320 48.836 2.143 1,116 5,541 236 1,000 743 5,248 111 2,143 170 267 659 234 469 899 94 20.035 2,775 125 1,889 9,852 109 3,376 112 186 72 7,542 90 1,376 235 104 358 3,968 808 110 114 Switzerland. Wales. 1 New York, N. Y 145.433 16,008 s 13,738 2,042 3.065 5,669 7,508 917 5,709 5,866 905 726 930 8,537 3,832 330 222 6.256 '282 1,034 529 1,278 999 79 786 349 595 1,232 5,262 4,266 280 146 449 763 726 1,312 11.387 22,011 692 172 1,145 188 249 185 *5 63 33 75 1,702 101 62 647 10 u il 18 100 2,900 32 344 45 9 14 269 13 119 18 26 42 312 163 6 6 5.876 42,494 2,698 1,514 277 872 4,329 *8f 93 4, 11.777 wg 620 566 35 499 59 59 19 803 617 19 3,876 153 10 73 256 48 23 263 60 441 1 1.182 26,997 15.219 4.856 1,343 3.555 1.939 4,263 3,095 648 378 6,646 44 1.854 1,291 119 1,293 2.558 550 298 710 263 315 438 489 267 599 550 34 1,212 1,144 308 460 274 51 154 92 86 2,568 155.201 24.178 28,951 4,785 14,995 10,493 3,607 1,199 1.511 1,976 28,951 439 1.332 1,135 807 5,511 1,694 649 1.929 1,996 338 941 987 1,777 1,338 516 531 310 1,348 732 3,193 1,672 1,095 627 997 233 321 671 19,836 10.347 8,479 1,264 4.473 594 2.179 1.868 3.000 461 8,479 218 2,496 667 574 1,760 1,690 225 815 1,914 429 512 673 663 1,033 2o6 1,183 172 714 307 761 2,782 1,045 152 574 573 90 576 8.371 3.251 1,707 2,752 400 186 1,288 590 2,085 657 1,707 314 491 653 244 736 443 717 f 272 233 492 478 3(54 698 488 343 21 291 139 1,659 6 348 190 370 95 206 1.686 1.818 1,033 238 308 92 1,490 153 386 240 1,033 35 101 b07 82 91 159 26 230 82 70 59 380 73 798 595 40 65 65 73 102 32 68 s 4,621 1,270.080 587,112 2U5,340 111.356 lrf7,12J 63.600 124.6(1 104.252 116,835 67,9Jl 84.878 30,3 25 96.503 88.991 20.119 71..*3 53.4, >4 21,427 61,021 5J.3J.5 17.122 13.410 45,819 4U.T48 2j,3Ul 2I.MZ 3J21J 12., id 3r.6j2 2iJj7 3J.802 33. AH 5J.042 8.424 23.:2 19,961 5.110 28,9<~3 Chicago, 111 Philadelphia, Pa % . . St. Louis, Mo Baltimore, Md. Cleveland. O.... Buffalo, N. Y San Francisco Cal Cincinnati, O Pittsburg, Pa New Orleans, La Detroit, Mich Milwaukee, Wis Washington, D. C Newark, N. J Jersey City N. J Louisville, Ky Minneapolis, Minn., Providence, R. I Indianapolis, Ind . Kansas City, Mo St. Paul. Minn Rochester, N. Y. ... Denver, Col. . Toledo, O Allegheny, Pa.. Columbus, O Worcester, Mass . Syracuse, N. Y New Haven, Conn Paterson, N.J.... Fall River, Mass St. Joseph, Mo. Omaha, Neb Los Angeles, Cal Memphis, Tenn Scranton, Pa Includes also those born in other foreign countries. STATISTICS OF POPULATION. POPULATION OF INCORPORATED CITIES IN 1906. Places with less than 8,000 inhabitants in mates made by United States census bureau. 1900 not included except in a few instances. Esti Anniston 10,919 Decatur 24,727 Henderson 15,201 Adrian .' li,l94 Birmingham 45,869 Huntsville 8.110 Elgin 25,199 Evanston 22,949 Louisville 226.129 Newport 30,329 Alpena 12,715 Ann Arbor 14,645 Battle Creek 24,039 Montgomery 40,808 Freeport 15,100 Galesburg 20,611 Owensboro 14.461 Paducah 22,454 Bay City 40,587 Detroit ,...353,535 ALASKA.* Nome City .... 12,486 Jacksonville 16,362 Joliet 32.185 LOUISIANA. Baton Rouge 11,743 Escanaba 11,872 Flint City 15 574 Kankakee 16,337 Kewanee 10,668 LaSalle 10 800 Grand Rapids 99,794 Iron Mountain 8,257 ARIZONA.* New Orleans....!... 314.146 Shreveport .... 17.831 Tucson .... 7,531 Lincoln 10,891 MAINE. Auburn 13,971 Ishpeming 10*,807 ARKANSAS. Fort Smith 23,505 Hot Springs 11,157 Little Rock 39,959 Pine Bluff 13,038 Mattoon 11,301 Jackson 25 360 Moline 20,478 Augusta 12,379 Kalainazoo . .. 32 472 Ottawa 11,188 Baugor .. 23,500 Lansing . 22 17' Pekin 9,662 Bath 11 57 Manistee ll 932 Peoria 66,365 Biddeford 17,165 Marquette 10^969 Menominee 10,234 Muskegon 20,937 CALIFORNIA. Quincy 39,108 Rock Island 23.009 Lewiston 24.997 Portland 55,167 Berkeley 19,700 Springfield 38.933 Streator 15,711 WmilfPgfl.n 12,132_ Rockland 8,150 Waterville 10,899 Pontiac 11,942 Fresno 13,460 Los Angeles (1900). 102,479 MARYLAND. Port Huron 20,464 Saginaw 48,742 Oakland 73,812 Pasadena 14,378 Sacramento 31,022 San Diego 19,140 San Francisco(1905)364,677 San Jose 23,564 INDIANA. Anderson 25,842 Columbus 8,976 Elkhart 17,501 Elwood 19,282 Evansville . ..63 957 Baltimore 553,669 Cumberland 19,768 Frederick 9,956 Hagerstown 15,673 MASSACHUSETTS. Sault Ste. Marie.. 11,894 Traverse City 12,151 MINNESOTA. Duluth 67,337 Mankato 11,075 Stockton 19,354 COLORADO. Colorado Springs.. 29,338 Cripple Creek(1900) 10,147 Denver 151.920 Leadville 13.697 Pueblo 30,824 Fort Wayne 50,947 Hammond 15.956 Huntington 11,047 Indianapolis 219,154 Jeffersonville 10.840 Kokomo 12,019 Lafayette 19,238 Adams 12,756 Amesbury 8.713 Arlington 9,881 Attleboro 12,975 Beverly 15.491 Boston 602,278 Brockton 49,340 St. Cloud 9!574 St. Paul 203,815 Stillwater 12,458 Winona 20,458 MISSISSIPPI. Meridian 20,503 CONNECTICUT. Ansonia 14,085 Logansport 17,932 Marion 24,030 Michigan City 17.292 Brookline 24.136 Cambridge 98.544 Chelsea 37,932 Vicksburg 15,710 MISSOURI. Carthage .: 10,280 Bridgeport 84,274 Danbury (1900) 16,537 Hartford 95,822 Manchester 12,029 Meriden 25.880 Middletown 9,937 Chicopee 20,396 Clinton 13,217 Danvers 9,167 Everett 30,066 Fall River 105,942 New Albany (1900) 20,628 Peru 11,648 Richmond 19,602 South Bend 44.605 Hannibal (1900).... 12,780 Jefferson City 11,416 Joplin 35,671 Kansas City 182,376 Naugatuck 13,133 New Britain 33,722 New Haven 121.227 New London 19822 Norwich 19,759 Terre Haute 52,805 Viucennes 11,393 Wabash 9.944 Washington 10,045 INDIAN TERRITORY.* Ardmore -5,681 Framingham 11,597 Gardner 12,252 Gloucester 25,989 Haverhill 37,961 Holyoke 50,778 Moberly (1900) 8,012 St. Joseph 118.004 St. Louis 649,320 Sedalia 15,927 Springfield 24,119 Webb 7. 11,897 Torrington 10,808 Waterbury 61, 903 IOWA. Boone 9,596 Hyde Park MJC3 Lawrence 7l;548 Leominster 14,678 MONTANA. Anaconda 12,267 "v\ illimantic 9,111 DELAWARE. Wilmington 85,140 DIST. OF COLUMBIA. Washington 307 716 Burlington 25,741 Cedar Rapids 29,380 Clinton 22.768 Lowell 95,173 Great Falls 21,500 Helena 16,770 Council Bluff J 25.117 Davenport 40,706 Des Moines 78,323 Dubuque 43,070 Fort Dodge 14.810 Marlboro . 14 166 NEVADA.* Carson City 2 100 Medford 19.974 FLORIDA. .Jacksonville 36,675 Melrose 14,562 Reno 4 500 Milford 12.251 Virginia City 2 695 Natick 9,631 NEBRASKA. Lincoln 48.23? Pensacola 22.256 Fort Madison 8.665 Keokuk 14,597 New Bedford 76,746 Newburyport 14,714 GEORGIA. Athens . . .. 11 211 Marshalltown 12.100 Muscatine 15 290 Newton 37,475 North Adams 21,740 South Omaha .... 36,765 NEW HAMPSHIRE. Oscaloosa 10,288 Atlanta 104.984 Ottumwa 20,548 Peabodv 13 413 Augusta 43,125 Sioux City 42,520 Pittsfield 25.648 Concord 21.210 Columbus 17,800 Atchison 18,871 Plymouth 11,424 Dover 13,459 Keene 10,197 Laconia (1900) 8,042 Manchester 64 703 Macon .. .. 32 692 Savannah 68,596 HAWAII.* Honolulu 39,306 IDAHO.* Boise 5 927 Salem 37,961 Somerville 70.798 Nashua 26 652 Galena 6.962 Southbridge 11,195 Portsmouth 11,123 Hutchinson 13.021 Kansas City 77.912 Lawrence 12,123 Leaven worth 22,167 Rochester 9,108 NEW JERSEY. Atlantic City 39,544 Bayonne 44.170 ILLINOIS. Alton 16 C62 Wakefield 10.464 Waltham 26,842 Ware 8 660 Aurora 26,823 Watertown 11,568 Webster 10,261 Westfield 13,871 Bloomfield 12,068 Belleville 18.7'6 "-Piloonaiugton . ..m 25.-506 Wichita 35,541 KENTUCKY Bridgeton - 13,682 Camden 84,849 "^fi-iro . r.ri.. ..i-.. 11. 110 Chicago 2,049.185 -Bowling Green 8,43S Covineton .. .. 46.436 Weymouth 11,637 Woburn 14,432 Worcester .. ,...130.078 East Orange 25,909 Elizabeth 62,185 Hackensack .. ,.. 11.429 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC ATs T D YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. Harrison 13,268 Watervliet 14.481 Yonkers 64 110 Chester 38 002 TEXAS. Austin ' 25 290 Hoboken 66,689 Jersey City 237.952 NORTH CAROLINA. Asheville 18,414 Charlotte 2 009 Danville 8 066 Beaumont 13105 Kearny 14,142 Dubois 11,313 Corsicana 12,275 Dallas 52.793 Long Branch 12.52=5 Millville 12,144 Denison 12,317 Montclair 16,851 Eastou 28,317 Erie 59,993 El Paso 19,?48 Fort Worth 27,096 Morristown 12,322 New Brunswick... 23.758 Newark 289,634 Newbern 9,840 Raleigh 14 "5 Hazleton 15 771 Houston 58132 Orange 26,493 Winston 11,202 NORTH DAKOTA. Fargo 13,097 Homestead 15,486 Johnstown ...7.... 43,250 Lancaster 47,129 Lebanon 19,404 Laredo .- "... 14695 Passaic . 39,799 Palestine 9.773 Paris , 10.018 San Antonio 62,711 Paterson 112,801 Perth Amboy 27,534 Phillipsburg 13,712 Plainfleld ..; 19088 OHIO. Akron 50,738 Mahanoy City 14,836 Meadville 11 769 Tvler 8 765 Trenton 86,355 Waco 24 430 Union 17,369 \lliance 9 796 Mount Carmel 16,137 Nanticoke 13,358 UTAH. West Hoboken 30.280 NEW MEXICO.* Albuquerque 6,238 Ashtabula 15,415 Bellaire 9,912 Cambridge 10,569 Newcastle 36,847 Norristown 23.747 Oil City 14,GC2 Salt Lake City.... 1,202 VERMONT. Canton 38,440 NEW YORK. Albany 98,537 Amsterdam 24.172 Auburn 32,963 Batavia 10,400 Binghamton 43,785 Buffalo 381.819 Cohoes 24,093 Corning 13.913 Cortland 11,530 Chillicothe 13,990 Cincinnati 345, 230 Cleveland 460,327 Columbus 145,414 Dayton 100.799 East Liverpool 20,078 EJyria 10,699 Findlay (1900) 17,613 Fremont 9,219 Hamilton 27,670 Ironton 12,186 Lancaster 9,855 Philadelphia ....1,441,735 Phoenixville 9,604 Pittsburg 375.0S2 Pittston 13,906 Plvmouth 16,235 Pottsville 16.664 Reading 91,141 Scranton 118, 692 Shamokin 20.483 Sharon }1,909 Shenandoah . 22,949 Burlington 2l|o70 Rutland 11,961 VIRGINIA. Alexandria 14,612 Danville 17,972 Lynchburg 22.S50 Manchester , 9,997 Newport News 28,749 Norfolk 66,9?,1 Petersburg (1900).. 21,810 Portsmouth 18,627 Elmira 35,734 Geneva 12,506 Glens Falls 15.057 Gloversville 18,624 Hornellsville 13,390 Hudson 10,531 Ithaca 14,768 Jamestown 26,628 Johnstown 9,692 Kingston 25,585 Little Falls 11.169 Lockport 17,597 Lima 27,702 Lorain 22,730 Mansfield 20,142 Marietta 16,396 Marion 14,001 Massillon 13,05-1 Middletown 9,305 Newark 20,491 Piqua 13,564 Portsmouth 20,714 Sanduskv 20,378 Springfield 42,069 South Bethlehem.. 15,005 Steelton 13,911 Sunbury 10,968 Titusville 8,346 Warren 10,647 West Chester 10,424 Wilkesbarre 60,121 Wilkinsburg 16.949 Williamsport 29,735 York 39,168 RHODE ISLAND. Roanoke 24,699 WASHINGTON. Seattle 104,169 Spokane 47,006 Tacoma 55.392 Walla Walla 13,253 WEST VIRGINIA. Charleston 13,715 Huntington 13,015 Parkersburg 16,477 Wheeling 41,494 Middletown 15,914 Mount Vernon 25.670 New Rochelle . 21,520 Steubenville 14,925 Tiffin 11,078 Central Falls 19,702 Cranston 18,415 . WISCONSIN. Appleton ...-. 17.382 Toledo 159.980 Cumberland 9.469 New York 4,113,043 Manhattan bor.2,153,495 Bronx borough. 285,809 Brooklyn bor... 1,392,811 Queen's bor 206.806 Richmond bor.. 74,122 Warren 10,071 Wellston 10 247 East Providence... 14,072 Lincoln 9 279 Beloit 13.339 Xenia 9,356 Newport .... 25,559 Chippewa Falls... 9.192 Eau Claire 18,981 Youngstown 52.710 Zanesville 24 850 Fond du Lac 17,719 OKLAHOMA. Warwick 25.464 Green Bay 23.688 Janesville 13.887 Niagara Falls 27,827 North Tonawanda. 10,348 Guthrie 13.808 Oklahoma City.... 20,990 OREGON. Astoria 9,701 SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston .... 56,317 Kenosha 17,061 LaCrosse 29115 Madison 25,128 Mauitowoc 12.92? Marinette 15,186 Clean 10,202 Columbia 24,564 Greenville 13,8)0 Peekskill 13.768 Plattsburg 10,445 PENNSYLVANIA. Spartanburg 14,905 SOUTH DAKOTA. Sioux Falls ,. 12,681 TENNESSEE. Chattanooga 34,297 Clarksville 10,337 Jackson 17,193 Merrill 9,329 Milwaukee 317,903 Oshkosh 31,033 Poughkeepsie 25,369 Rochester 185 703 Racine 32.928 Sheboygan 24.239 Stevens Point 8,922 \ltoona . 47 910 Rome 17,726 Beaver Falls 10,246 Saratoga Springs.. 13,117 Schenectady 61,919 Syracuse 118. 8*0 Braddock 19,218 Bradford 16,577 Butler 12,125 Watertown 8,659 Wausau 14,879 Troy 76,513 Utica 65,099 Watertown 25 992 Carbondale 14.976 Carlisle 10.832 Chambersburg 9,658 wns in these states and ) estimates for 1906 hav- roiAN RESERVATIONS Popu- State or Res lation. territory, area 39,218 Minnesota Knoxville 36.05J Memphis 125,235 Nashville 84,703 ing been made by the c the places had 8,000 inha AND POPTTLATION (1906) ervation Popu- State < in acres, lation. terri 948.752 9,949 Oregon 7,390,184 10,421 South D 14 872 3 672 Utah WYOMING. Chevenne 13.570 Laramie City 7.480 *The figures for the to territories are for 1900, n( E State or Reservation territory, area in acres Arizona 16 955 960 ?nsus bureau, as none of bitants in 1900. >r Reservation Popu- tory. area in acres, lation. 1,277.754 4,015 California 410,319 Colorado . 483 750 19, ^14 Montana akota ... 7,512,994 19.715 179 194 1 845 S4^ Nebraska .. Florida . a ^ s Npvarla 686.129 5.379 Washini 1,699,485 18,327 Wiscons 87.677 5.324 Wvomin 98,211 1,489 Miscella 3,695,644 7,926 3,513,375 13,758 Total ton 2,577.208 8.403 in 337 624 10 436 Idaho 948 440 4,113 New Mexico 96 02 New York Indian Territory. 6,723,499 Iowa 2 965 ? 282 115 1 666 354 North Carolina... 1.241 North Dakota ... 6,708 Oklahoma neous 1,183 Michigan ., 3,402 ...55,831,436 291,581 HIGHEST MOUNTAINS IN THE WORLD. 57 DISTANCES BETWEEN AMERICAN CITIES. By the shortest usually traveled railroad routes. Compiled from the war department's official table of distances. FROM %W New York. .2 2 A s III ai 1 00 Boston. Baltimore. o i 5 Buffalo. 1 02 Cincinnati. Milwaukee. To Albany Mis. 145 Mis. 832 Mis. 236 Mis. 1 08 Mis. 202 Mis. 333 Mis. 480 Mis. 297 Mis. 3 106 M ftr Mis. 724 Mis. 917 Atlanta 876 733 785 'eli 1 106 688 736 919 2 805 805 492 818 188 802 07 934 418 474 398 3 076 334 593 217 1034 321 1 230 418 682 499 3 308 674 96 1 119 Buffalo ' 442 525 416 Til 499 398 183 2 799 270 4 9 7 610 Chicago 912 821 284 1 034 802 357 525 2 274 468 298 85 Cincinnati 757 298 666 341 926 593 244 427 2 572 313 383 Cleveland 584 357 493 548 682 474 183 2 631 135 244 442 637 314 546 428 511 138 321 ' ">s^ 193 116 399 1 '134 1 (f>2 1 843 916 n nxi; 1850 1 379 1 537 l'.371 1 490 1 9 57 1 107 oetroit . ... 1)93 272 '669 488 750 649 *173 '251 2 546 '321 263 '357' Duluth . 1 391 479 1 300 728 1513 1281 701 1 004 2 238 947 777 422 El Paso 2 810 1.465 2 219 i 945 2414 2 179 1 703 1 915 1 287 1 866 LN8 1 550 1 7% 1 144 1 691 '860 2 Ol l> 1 594 1 408 1 591 2 157 1 481 1 157 1 229 Grand Rapids. Mich... 821 178 '815 462 *878 '796 '332 *379 2452 462 308 '263 Helena 2 4o2 1 540 2 361 ] 54y 2 574 2342 1897 2065 1 250 2008 1 838 1 455 395 183 '734 240 '965 '704 '283 466 2 457 381 111 268 Jacksonville Fla . . 983 1097 892 975 1 213 795 1085 1 193 3 098 1057 841 1 182 Kansas City 1 342 458 1 251 277 1 466 1,211 '755 967 1 981 898 618 '543 Los Angeles 3 149 2,265 3 058 2084 3273 3,018 2 "62 2 774 475 2705 2425 2 350 Louisville i 871 304 780 274 1 040 703 358 541 2,468 427 114 '389 1 157 527 1 066 311 1 387 969 738 921 2 439 807 494 612 Milwaukee '997 85 906 369 1 119 887 442 610 2 359 553 383 1 332 420 1 241 586 1 454 1 222 111 945 2 096 888 718 335 Mobile 1 231 929 1 140 647 1 4(51 1043 1 029 1212 2 623 1098 785 1 014 Montreal N ewark, N. J 386 9 841 903 477 82 1.051 1 056 330 226 574 179 623 575 434 405 3,115 3 177 704 435 826 '926 988 New Haven 76 980 167 1 141 110 264 Vm 445 3,254 520 QO.J 1 065 1 372 912 1281 699 1602 1 184 lt)73 1256 2 482 1 142 QOO 997 New York 912 ' 91 1065 '217 188 584 442 3 186 444 757 997 Ogden 2 4% 1494 2 315 1 414 252-1 2296 1 851 20'9 780 1 962 1 7 l )2 1 579 Omaha 1 405 493 1 314 413 1 f)27 1,295 1 750 1018 1781 961 791 578 Philadelphia 91 821 974 321 97 493 416 3,095 353 666 Pittsburg Portland, Me $ 468 1.149 353 436 621 1.345 674 115 334 533 135 797 270 614 2., 42 3,423 '"789 313 1,041 1^4 Portland, Ore 3,204 2,292 3,113 2,212 3,326 3,094 2,649 2,817 772 2,760 2,590 2.378 1'tO 1 034 9S1 1 230 45 378 682 499 3 308 634 926 1 119 Quebec 530 1 013 621 1 343 402 718 795 612 3,287 876 1 039 1 098 Richmond, Va 343 879 252 918 573 155 553 553 3 1 TM 417 581 964 Rochester, N. Y St. Joseph, Mo 373 1.392 603 470 361 1,301 799 327 430 1,474 354 1,261 251 875 68 1,058 2.877 1.867 338 948 495 668 688 555 St Loui's 1 065 284 974 1 230 934 548 731 621 341 369 St Paul 1 322 410| 1 231 576 1 444 1 212 767 935 ,j | ^. 878 708 325 1 943 1 2W 1 852 920 2 150 1 755 1,468 1.651 1,911 1.541 1 217 1 289 San Francisco 3 186 2274 3095 2 194 3308 3076 2,631 2,799 2,742 2572 2 359 146 790 164 996 '363 V>0 448 265 3,064 384 697 Seattle 3 151 2.239 3.060 2,332 3.273 2.941 2.596 2,764 957 2,707 2,537 2.154 Spokane 2,812 1,900 2,721 1.932 2,934 2.702 2,257 2.425 1,205 2,368 2,198 1,815 Springfield, Mass 139 886 ?30 1,131 99 327 583 400 3.209 583 8*7 1,020 293 683 310 879 350 392 331 148 2.957 418 575 768 Tampa Fla 1 1'to 1 309 1 104 1 187 1,425 1.007 1,297 1,405 3.310 1,269 1,053 1,394 Toledo. 244 615 437 W fW 113 296 2.518 261 . . P "609 25 664 591 176 526 79 212 169 846 51 2,564 1.338 1,200 94 925 1.257 527 456 613 1.283 1,337 862 512 l,77b 70 K Is -~T2i 653 1.158 296 988 176 295 213 971 95 3,489 1,969 1,752 134 1.171 1.362 684 801 966 2.732 2,065 876 478 1,990 56 1 "0 11 E- Partially blind. 3 Totally deaf. Partially deaf. . Alabama 1,791 69 1 587 1.055 44 76'' 7*i 25 825 499 105 295 66 73 171 896 43 1,777 1,476 997 696 1.427 382 338 423 957 897 B "15 1,333 51 1.317 1,749 472 1,514 255 607 382 1,817 146 tl.053 3,6U7 2,9o2 828 2,096 2.619 1.211 1.257 1,579 4,015 3,402 !.::>> 990 3.760 126 Nebraska Nevada V 417 1,004 450 5.4>; 1.788 168 4,46t, 250 249 4,441 285 1.102 280 2.4K1 2.0U5 207 456 1,589 210 925 1,500 20 361 2,1 612 310 3,287 992 94 9 4j-> 279 155 ae 140 2,199 796 74 2,014 133 99 1.872 103 485 119 1,230 919 89 209 703 93 472 6K 1.220 61 762 2.285 303 9,941, 1,642 256 ;.iHi 282 410 7,547 583 952 4oO 2.626 2316 343 723 1,913 374 1,146 2.47-; 29 522 19 211 720 85 3,751 920 186 2.431 lr',4 193 3,103 172 500 191 984 1,152 156 158 880 168 559 1,181 I 398 1,565 218 6, 195 722 121 3,649 118 217 4.414 411 452 2H'. 1,042 1.164 187 565 1.033 206 587 1,295 20 New Hampshire California i. ia; 295 747 142 20-' 394 2,034 111 3.767 V-9S7 2 ! 1.400 2.TSU 1.071 724 983 2.217 i.w; 887 1,250 3,32* 99 697 190 452 76 129 223 1,138 68 1,990 1.511 1,017 134 704 1,353 689 s 1.260 1.049 526 678 1,678 69 New Jersey. Colorado New Mexico. . Connecticut New York North Carolina District of Columbia.. . F Lorida North Dakota Ohio. G eorgia Oklahoma . 117 150 2.569 182 617 161 1.170 1.176 118 247 886 117 453 817 13 Idaho Oregon. Illinois Pennsy Ivania Rhode Island Indiana Iowa Indian Territory South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Maine Vermont Maryland Virginia... .. . Massachusetts . Washington Michigan West Virginia Minnesota Mississippi Wisconsin Wyoming. . Missouri Montana Total 64763 35645129118 89287 37426 ! 5186l Of the blind in 1900 57.2 per cent were males and 42.8 per cent females; 55 per cent were totally and 45 per cent partially blind. The number of white blind was 56,535 and of the colored blind 8.288. GOVERNMENT OBJECT LESSON ROADS. According to the director of the office of public roads, department of agriculture, there are ap- proximately 2,300,000 miles of rural highways in the United States upon which there is an annual expenditure of about $70,000,000. It is part of the duty of the office named to give expert advice in the methods of road construction and maintenance and for this purpose it employs a corps of high- way engineers, expert road foremen and machinery operators for field duty. When a county or com- munity desires to improve its roads application is made to the office on a form which is furnished upon request. This application provides that the local authorities shall provide all materials, com- mon labor, teams and fuel, and guarantee the right of way. the office furnishing engineering ad- vice, surveys, estimates, expert supervision and road machinery. This method of instruction is known as the object-lesson road method. In all 113 roads have been constructed in thirty-two states, the larger number being of limestone, gran- ite, gravel, trap and basalt and sand clay. The roads average less than a mile in length and cost from 5 cents to $1 per square yard, according to material used and other conditions. AMERICAN TRADE IN FOREIGN CAGE BIRDS. In the course of the year ended June 30. 1906. 322.297 foreign cage birds were imported into the United States under permit of the department of agriculture. Of these 274,914 were canaries and the remainder parrots, bullfinches, goldfinches, lin- nets. Java sparrows, Japanese robins, African weavers. South American gray cardinals and other miscellaneous birds. Nearly all of the canaries came from Germany. About 100 English nightin- gales are imported annually, but few survive and fewer sing after coming here. 00 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 190S. BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES (1904). IFrom a report of the bureau of the census, department of commerce and labor, Washington, D. C., Issued in 1906. J STATE OR TERRITORY. INSTITUTIONS. In- mates Dec. 31, 19U4.* Annual subsidies from pub- lic funds. 1903. Income from pay inmates, 1903. Cost of mainte- nance, 1903. i 1 Public. Private. Ecclesi- astical. 1 153 59 86 16 I 59 7 257 n? 83 50 82 56 43 SM *& 17 140 23 86 50 162 13 659 48 14 1 22 409 41 F 3 49 76 12 23 77 47 33 83 6 6 j 8 10 7 6 13 84 34 53 11 32 17 1 117 3 47 38 29 43 23 32 76 229 1 66 6 15 12 3 8 49 17 23 5 19 6 15 4 120' 3 34 34 16 30 25 7 36 58 36 45 6 59 ii 1.169 169 1,086 14,199 2,843 4,291 590 3,952 445 2 'U 20.090 285 8.199 4,061 6,417 4,461 4.309 4,015 5,571 '603 9.110 1,005 ug 1.653 8.043 791 60.704 2 H 25,160 130 1.086 30.088 1,873 1,206 508 3.234 4,285 518 679 6.192 2,133 922 7,203 114 $15.400 11.171 3.348 309.675 13.812 166,797 500 214,512 3.274 45,277 S33.853 32,380 31.330 1,002,284 310.980 305,606 14,185 ' 130.706 21,370 61,465 21,979 1,571,813 13,860 190247 2S4.573 104.922 107.332 7,916 549,159 359.203 1,258.668 531,494 .02.996 8,153 52 9 232 151.'S46 164,811 709 112,925 372,097 71.367 2,731,879 40.159 49.008 711.707 3,919 92.886 1,313.014 74,647 21,428 43,567 83.825 217.058 97,128 46,367 126.080 237,507 71,149 344.2-10 21.419 $181,655 91,536 183,239 2,807.474 787,306 1,042.825 80.577 847.792 96,458 331.362 51,218 3,755,311 47,1590 1.075.015 764,145 746,079 603.952 638.218 700.524 1.171.174 4,158.575 1.165,243 1.012.908 96.492 1,538.354 382421 394,225 16.200 249.415 1.558.042 -276,598 13.531,292 281.444 88.924 3,729,675 26,974 145.553 6,474,888 435.014 152,169 125.755 336.948 714,774 121.761 143,716 764.772 407,581 214.241 1,095,495 34]549 California Colorado Connecticut District of Columbia i 1 20 1 9 8 4 5 18 10 12 4* 15 2 12 2 41 62 j 4 4 13 14 3 1 5 7 6 12 4 Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois 83.378 8.250 81,054 15,596 14.450 39,180 35.380 45.650 261.662 149.979 18,366 7,472 4,030 21.043 7.287 1,774 Kansas . .... Kentucky Louisiana. . Maine Maryland Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri." Montana Nebraska Nevada. . New Hampshire . 34 103 6 402 1 133 2 6 274 8 3 25 36 6 8 18 20 28 2 14 47 5 216 17 5 72 3 13 108 9 12 6 11 26 3 4 23 22 7 43 16.604 113,064 15.157 3,071.452 38.633 950 54,161 '" 6,09i" 1,077.883 44.682 7,900 500 7,168 9.644 300 8.319 11,725 14.473 7,500 4,363 340 NewJersev New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Virginia Washington West Virginia '.. . Wisconsin Wyoming Total 4,207 485 2.539 1,363 ' 284.362 6,089,226 14,848.508 55,577,633 'Exclusive of dispensaries and nurseries. The cost of maintenance by classes of all in- stitutions included in the above table was in 1903: Orphanages, $10,050,587; hospitals, $28.- 200,869; permanent homes, $9,916,180; temporary homes, $3,039.035; institutions for deaf and blind, $3.523.683; nurseries. $327,659; dispensaries, $519,- 620; total, $55,577,633. THE HARRY K. THAW MURDER TRIAL. Harry Kendall Thaw, son of a deceased Pitts- burg millionaire, shot and killed Stanford White, a prominent architect, in New York. N. Y., on the night of June 25, 1906. The crime was committed at the Madison Square roof garden,, where a new musical play was being performed. Thaw was in- dicted for murder and pleaded not guilty. The trial began Jan. 23, 1907, Judge James Fitzgerald presiding. The defendant was represented by Del- phin M. Delmas and other lawyers and the state by District Attorney William T. Jerome. The jury was completed Feb. 1 and Feb. 4 all the evidence for the prosecution was in. The time from Feb. 5 to March 20 was occupied with taking the testi- mony of witnesses for the defense and of those called by the state in rebuttal. It was claimed for the defendant that when he shot White he was temporarily insane and the feature of the trial was the testimony of his wife, Evelyn Nesbit Thaw, that it was the story of her ruin by White that caused his insanity. March 20 Mr. Jerome moved for a commission in lunacy and March 27 a commission consisting of Peter B. Olney, David McClure and Dr. Leopold Putzel was appointed. These men found Thaw sane and the trial proceeded. The case was given to the jury April 10. After deliberating forty-seven hours and eight minutes the jury reported that agreement was impossible, seven standing for con- viction for murder in the first degree and five for acquittal on the ground of insanity. The cost to the state of the mistrial was $76,000 That to the defense was estimated at S225.000. INSANE, FEEBLE-MINDED AND PAUPERS. 61 BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS BY CLASSES. STATE OR TERRITORY. h Hospitals. saraoq 1,U1MIUO,| Telnpor'y homos. For deaf and blind] co i Dispensa- ries. STATE OR TERRITORY. Orphan- ages. Hospitals. | || II Tempor'y homes. For deaf and blind Nurseries Dispensa- ries. | w q 4 1 I Nebraska 7 17 ^ 4 9 1 10 1 Nevada. 1 I H 5 ? 2 New Hampshire 16 1 , .1 3 17 TO 27 Ifi i in New Jersey is >> 17 .) la 4 111 S 9 s 1 2 > n 23 t) 4 5 3 New York 117 1'U 1 1 S 82 Iti r * 40 .. ^ g 1 North Carolina.. 16 '1 4 4 9 i Dist of Columbia r* is 12 li 2 3 Q North Dakota. .... 9 8 ? 1 Florida- 17 6 i 1 1 Ohio iir, 71 11 I? 5 8 7 Georgia. 9 17 10 t; Oklahoma 8 1 1 1 Idaho 1 Oregon ft fi 4 4 1 Illinois (V-J TIT) 42 gj ij 14 in 45 8 18 15 | 1 Rhode Island -..> <) s 1 3 '* SI 19 8 A 9 E South Carolina q s 5 ? 1 ? V> 41 14 10 n 9 2 South Dakota s 1 Kansas .... 1 1 23 7 4 2 Tennessee is is S 6 1 1 Kentucky X 11 11 i Texas. 17 H 13 1? Louisiana 10 13 4 8 1 Utah I 1 i 10 1 14 6 I <) Is 1 H H 19 11 4 3 Virginia 9 7 1< 9J 6 1 1 2 6Q Kj 73 17 7 ?0 13 s Michigan 21 59 20 t; 8 West Virginia ? I 2 1 1 Minnesota Ifi '11 10 8 2 3 3 Wisconsin 1 s . 4: If q Mississippi jj 1 .j Wyoming | 1 Missouri... , Montana 31 8 66 16 22 2 14 a f 5 8 Total 1U75 ~449 Bl ItY 156 INSANE, FEEBLE-MINDED AND PAUPERS (1903-1904). [Bureau of the census report, 1906.] STATE OR TERRITORY. INSANE. Feeble-minded in institutions. 1904. Paupers in almshouses, 1904. STATE OR TERRITORY. INSANE. Feeble-minded in institutions, 1904. Paupers in nlmshouses, 1904. So i 1 53853 Increase-f- Decrease 1890 to 1903. 53 1. l 5i 68 ;z; s ~ Increase4- De crease 1890 to 1903. Alabama 1,603 224 667 5,717 754 2,831 353 2,453 713 2,80-9 255 9,607 4.358 4,385 2,460 IS & 8,679 5,430 4,070 1.493 5.103 543 1,536 82.6 165.5 4.4 361.3 128.9 292.9 185.2 828.6 1^3.4 120.7 ia=5.6 185.5 165.5 186.9 165.6 135.9 107.4 125.3 202.0 288.5 215.6 213.1 90.8 156.5 194.4 143.9 - : - + -14.5 h58.2 -21.6 (-52.1 -49.8 -17.4 -50.2 143.7 1-33.7 -21.9 -37.2 -11.9 -15.4 -19.7 -39.9 -10.9 tlfi 44.1 -15.9 -37.7 43.7 -5.2 -28.9 49.1 -55.9 1,509 582 1.557 2,470 1,092 4,403 461 378 504 1,758 238 10,081 4.9-^0 2.915 1.335 2,691 224 1,980 3250 14,332 5 744 . 1^073 638 Nevada New Hampshire.. New Jersey New Mexico New York 200 496 4,865 113 26.176 1,883 446 8,621 413 1,285 11,521 1,077 1,156 595 1,713 3,345 344 887 3,137 UJ8 1,475 5,023 96 472.4 116.9 238.4 54.2 339.0 94.5 122.2 199.0 80.5 286.9 172.6 235.0 82.1 141.5 81.1 100.1 114.5 255.1 162.9 204.6 143.3 227.9 93.0 - - ; K2.5 138.3 -19.5 -11.4 -41.5 -12.1 h 1-2 -8.0 -69.2 -82.9 -11.3 -4.9 -2.9 -47.2 -23.3 -25.4 -34.7 - 7.5 -17.5 r24.9 -1.8 -19.6 -27.1 ""72 527 518 1,786 3,525 Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut 638 33 262 2,594 22.866 2.382 347 *S U.S 1,339 1,118 309 3.272 1,814 308 645 4,074 726 1,600 2,698 North Carolina... North Dakota Ohio 86 1,307 '"2,261 ""77 ""46 12, 175 710 Dist. of Columbia Florida "'1,507 1.118 1,152 434 244 '"176 995 657 1,071 ""354 Oklahoma Oregon - .... Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina... South Dakota Tennessee Texas Georgia , Idaho Illinois Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts .. Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Total 150,151 186.2 +16.2 16,94 163,176 Nebraska 386 Of the insane enumerated Dec. 31, 1903. 51.1- per cent were male and 48.9 per cent female; 93.4 per cent were white and 6.6 per cent colored. Of the white insane 72.7 per cent were of native parentage, 21.6 of foreign parentage and 5.7 of mixed parentage. The average age at admission of insane in hospitals is 38.5 years. Of the white paupers enumerated Dec. 31, 1903, 56.8 per cent were native born and 43.2 per cent foreign born; 91.5 per cent were white and 8.5 per cent colored. INSANE IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. COUNTRY. Year Number No. per 100,000 populati'n COUNTRY. Year Number No. per 100.UOO populati'n England and Wales 1903 ll.VJt^ 340 1 Austria 1901 14.895 57 Scotland 1903 16,658 363 7 Hungary 1902 2716 14 1 1903 22 138 4*^0 9 1903 8 958 167 5 Canada 1901 12 819 238 6 1901 7 434 224 2 France 1904 69,190 177.5 Norway 1902 1 833 80 5 Germany 1903 108,004 191.6 Sweden 1903 5,083 97 3 Italy 1899 34,802 109.2 Denmark .. . 1901 3,438 140.3 62 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. MORTALITY STATISTICS. Deaths per 1.000 of population in the registra- tion area of the United States and of various for- eign countries in 1901 1905: Country. iJra'tSisSlWOl. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. United States 16 6 16 6 15 9 16 1 16 6 16 2 City. loootoimlttOl. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. Boston .19.2 299 191 183 183 185 Buffalo 15.4 15.4 14.7 16.0 16.0 15.6 Chicago 14 6 13 9 14 6 15 3 13 8 13 3 Cincinnati 19 1 19 5 18 1 18 8 20 8 19 9 England and Wales... 16.6 16.9 16.2 15.4 16.3 16.2 Scotland 17 4 17 9 17 2 16 6 16 9 15 9 Cleveland 16.1 15.2 15.8 16.6 15.4 14.7 Denver 19 2 20 19 1 18 4 19 6 19 2 Ireland 18 1 17 8 17 5 17 5 18 1 17 1 Detroit 15 6 15 3 15 6 15 8 14 9 14 4 Germany . . 20 3 20 7 19 4 20 19 6 19 8 Fall River 20.7 188 21.0 222 196 199 Prussia 9 1 20 5 19 2 19 8 19 3 19 t Grand Rapids 134 129 123 134 148 143 Norway 14 7 14 9 13 9 14 8 14 4 Indianapolis 15 8 15 4 14 3 15 8 16 3 14 1 Sweden 15 7 16 1 15 4 15 1 15 3 Jersey Citv.. .. 19 6 19 2 18 7 18 7 20 8 19 Hungarv 26 25 4 27 26 1 24 8 Kansas Citv 17.1 16.1 158 174 197 169 Netherlands 16 5 17 2 16 3 15 6 15 9 15 Louisville 18.8 184 180 186 198 181 Belgium 17 6 17 2 17 3 17 * Memphis 19 2 18 4 18 17 8 19 5 17 9 Swit/erland 18 18 17 2 17 6 17 8 Milwaukee 13 6 13 2 12 6 13 5 13~6 13 Spain 26 7 27 7 26 1 25 25 8 Minneapolis 10.6 11.7 10.0 lo!4 9.6 9^4 New Haven 174 179 ie 7 170 172 187 Italy " 2 2 2 1 22 2 20 9 21 7 *Ni> figures available. CHIEF CAUSES OF DEATH IX THE UNITED STATES. Death rate per 100,000 of population. From cen- sus bureau report. Cause Of death. Annual av. Increasing rates: I9w to 1904. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. Nephritis and Bright's disease . 94.4 89.5 91.3 97.8 103.8 104 3 New Orleans 23 1 22 3 22 3 22 3 22 3 23*7 New York 194 199 is 6 180 201 184 Omaha 11.3 11.6 11.9 9.7 1LJ lois Philadelphia 18.8 18.1 17.6 18.8 18.8 17.7 Pittsburg 20 7 20 22 21 7 19 8 9 Portland, Ore 121 124 117 127 135 137 Providence 19.5 19.1 18.4 20.6 18^5 n'.a St. Louis 18 1* 18 17 3 18 9 18 8 16 9 St. Paul 10 10 4 10 9 7 10 10 Salt Lake City 178 159 192 194 183 183 \poplexv 69 68 4 68 5 68.6 71.9 72.2 Cancer * 66.5 64.5 65.3 68.6 70.6 72.1 Scranton 16 7 16 3 14 14 9 17 9 18 9 Diabetes 10.9 10.3 ' 10.4 11.3 12.9 13.0 Appendicitis 10.6 10.0 10.1 11.0 11.9 12.0 Seattle 11 8 10 8 12 3 12 1 12 6 11 5 Svracuse 14 4 14 i 13 3 14 3 15 9 15*5 Decreasing rates: Old age 44.0 47.2 44.6 39.3 39.0 36.4 Washington ... 20 9 21 4 20 1 20 3 2o's 20 5 Bronchitis 39 4 39 8 39 4 36 4 36 33 5 Convulsions 25.2 27.2 25.0 21.0 20.5 19.8 Paralysis 21.9 23.1 20.9 20.3 194 17.7 BIRTH AND DEATH RATES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. Average annual number of births and deaths per 1,000 of population. , Ten-year periods. , Births. Deaths. Country. 1881-1890. 1S91-1900, 1881-1890, 1891-1900 England and Wales... 32.5 29.9 19.1 18.2 Scotland 32.5 30.2 19.2 18.7 Peritonitis 12 13 1 12 10 2 10.1 9 2 Scarlet fever 11.8 13.1 12.7 12.3 10.9 6.8 Fluctuating rates: Tuberculosis (lungs).. 172.3 174.9 163.2 165.7 177.3 168.2 Pneumonia 134.6 133.3 124.5 122.2 135.7 115.7 Heart disease 120.6 113.7 117.8 125.1 134.2 132.5 Diarrhea, enteritis... 112. 8 113.8 105.4 101.5 111.3 116.7 Tvphoid fever 33 7 32 4 34 4 34 3 31 9 28 1 Ireland 23.4 23.0 18.0 18.2 Diphtheria, croup.... 33.6 34.1 30.9 31.8 28.5 23.8 Denmark 32.0 30.2 18.6 17.5 Norway 30.8 30.3 17.0 16.3 Premature birth 30.9 27.5 28.5 31.2 34.3 32 9 Bronchopneumonia .. 30.7 28.4 31.8 33.7 36.9 34.4 Congenital debilitv... 21.8 21.0 21.7 21.3 20.7 31.5 Influenza '.... 20.8 32.3 10.1 18.6 20.3 19.0 Sweden 29.0 27.2 16.9 16.1 Finland 34.9 32.2 21.0 19.7 Austria . . 37 9 37 1 29 5 26.6 Hungary 44.0 40.6 32.5 29.9 Lack of care 15.1 15.2 15.8 13.8 14.5 3.0 Cirrhosis of liver 14.1 13.6 14.0 14.5 15.1 14.8 Gastritis 12.1 12.0 11.6 11.7 11.2 10.6 Whooping cough.. 11 3 9 8 12 1 15.9 66 10 7 Germany 36.8 36.1 25.1 22.2 Prussia 37.4 36.7 24.7 21.9 Bavaria 36.8 36.5 28.3 25.4 Endocarditis 11.1 10.5 11.5 9.8 11.7 12.6 Measles .. 10 1 73 95 99110 76 Saxony 41.8 39.5 28.0 24.0 Netherlands 34.2 32.5 21.0 18.4 Belgium 30.2 29.0 20.5 19.2 France 23.9 22.2 22.1 21.5 Portugal .. 330 30.6 22.6 21.3 DEATH RATE IN AMERICAN CITIES. Per 1.000 of population. Citv. 45no\9< T 4l901. 1902. 1903. 1904. 1905. Alleghenv 183 172 190 190 178 188 Spain 36 4 35 3 31 4 30 Italy 37 8 34 9 27 1 24 2 Servia 45.0 41.7 25.2 27.0 Roumania 41.4 40.7 27.0 29.3 Baltimore 20 1 20 3 19 6 19 1 20 1 n 9 T FOURTH OF JTJI [From the Journal of the A'I 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. Deaths Tetanus 406 91 87 75 ?-2 ,Y CASUALTIES. nerican Medical association.] 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. Loss of legs, arms and hands 54 61 80 56 57 Loss of fingers 174 208 221 227 237 Other injuries 3,670 3,637 4,562 4,931 3,868 Total injured 3.983 3,986 4,994 5,308 4.249 Other causes 60 92 95 83 103 Total 466 183 '182 158 164 Injuries Sight lost.... 10 19 25 22 12 One eve lost... , 75 61 106 72 75 Total casualties.... 4, 449 4,169 5,176 5.466 4.413 DEATH OF ALEXANDER BEATJBIEN. Alexander Beaubien. the first white male child lorn in Chicago, died March 23. 1907. raving spent the whole of his life in the city of nis birth. He was the son of John B. Beaubien, a French-Cana- dian who came from Detroit in 1804. His mother was descended from the Pottawatomie Indians. Alexander was born within Fort Dearborn and his baptism at the age of 8 is said to have been the first performed in Chicago. Mr. Beaubien for many years was a member of the fire department. APPROPRIATIONS Bi' 59TII CONGRESS. CAPITOL IN WASHINGTON. The corner stone of the original capitol building was laid by President Washington Sept. 18, 1793. The north wing was finished in 1810 and the south wing m 1811, a \vooden passageway connecting was completed at a cost of $2,433,844.13. Extensions of the wings were begun in 1851 and completed in 1859. The dome, which is 287 feet 5 inches in height, was completed in 1865. The capitol stands them. The original designs of the structure were in latitude 38 degrees 53 minutes 20.4 seconds made by Dr. William Thornton. The two wings north and longitude 77 degrees 00 minutes 35. i were burned by the British in 1814, but were im- seconds west from Greenwich, mediately restored. In 1827 the original building I APPROPRIATIONS BY 59TH CONGRESS-SECOND SESSION. TITLE OP ACT. / Reported to house. Passed house. Reported to senate. Passed senate. Law 1907-8. Law 1906-7. Agriculture... $8,125,790.00 73,344.289.65 3.085.477.72 10.112.234.63 5.411.883.00 8.161 ,668.23 30.589.863.80 1.913.983.42 95,401,717.00 138.188,500.01 209.416,802.00 35. 181. 612.00 103,872.540.23 $8,108,010.00 72.291.876.89 3.085.477.72 10.037.234.^ 5.411,883.00 ! 8.233.476.33 30,630.383.80 1.913.983.42 95.027.481.50 137,734.000.00 209.716,802.00 35.396.612.00 104,531.314.13 $8.808,210.00 81,698,610.54 3.035.477. i-2 10.724,532.63 7.353.589.00 14.590.909.7t 30.855.833.80 1,947.383.42 100.727,807.50 145,987,000.00 212.174.3H3.00 40.081.908.00 114,578.861.30 19,457.810.00 81,787.610.54 3.071.277.72 10.766.562.63 7.453.589.00 12.876.110.76 30,847,533.80 1.947.383.42 101.108.007 50 145.937,000.00 212.234,393.00 40.123,908.00 115.416.161.30 $9,447,290.00 7S.535.282.75 3.092.333.72 10,454,118.63 6.898 011.00 9.227,876.15 32,094.013.80 1.929,703.42 98,958.007.50 145.937.000.00 212.129.393.00 37.183,093.00 110.736.551.30 $9,930,440.00 71.817.165.08 3.091,094.17 10.138.672.16 5.053.993.00 9 260,599.98 29.681.919 30 1.6 4,707.67 102.091.670.27 140.245.500.00 191.695.998.75 Army Diplomatic and consular District of Columbia Fortification Indian... . Legislative Military academy..- Navy Pension Postoffice River and harbor Sundry civil 98.538.7rb.32 Total Urgent deficiency 1907 722,699,361.68 581,500.00 32i.mO.(X) 9,847,;596.04 722.118.535.42 581.500.00 264.650.00 9.918.698.74 772.614.516.67 581.500.00 1,329.650.00 10.T39.754.36 773,027.347.67 581.500.IO 1.3KM550.00 11.262.375.36 756.622.674.27 581.500.00) 1.329.650.00 " 10528535.36 V 673,210.530.70 39,129,035.45 Additional deficiency Deficiency, 1907 Total Miscellaneous 733.457,907.72 732.883,384.16 "85,265.421.03 "86.200.873.03 769.662.359.63 1,000.000.00 712.339.566.15 27.173,299.01 739.512~.865/16 140.076,320.00 Total, regular Permanent annual 770.062.359.63 149.886.320.00 Grand total 919.948.679.63 879,589,185.16 "No river and harbor act passed for 1907. TOTALS FOR SIX LAST CONGRESSES. Congress. Years. Amount. I Congress. Years. Amount. I Congress. Years. Amount. 54th 18OT-1898 11,044,580.273.87 56th 1901-1902 J1.44().4S9,i:w.S7 58th 1905-1906 $1.600.053.544.8 55th 1899-1900 1,566,890,016.28 1 57th 1903-1904 1,553,683.002.57 I 59th 1906-1907 $1,799,537,864.7 t!4 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BQOK FOR 1908. PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS. PRESIDENTS AND VICE-PRESIDEXTS. Inau- gur't'd Secretaries of state. Secretaries of the treasury. Secretaries of war. *George W ashington 1789 1789 T.Jefferson 1789 E.Randolph 1794 T. Pickering 1795 Alex. Hamilton.. 1789 Oliver Wolcott.. 1795 Henry Knox...l789 T. Pickering... 1795 Jas. McHenry.,1796 John Adams John Adams .. . .... IV 97 1797 1801 H M l^i 1800 1818 TSK 1817 T. Pickering 1797 John Marshall... 1800 Oliver Wolcott... 1797 Samuel Dexter . .1801 Jas. McHenry..l79r John Marshal 1.1800 Sam'l Dexter.. 1800 R. Griswold....l801 Thomas Jefferson *Thomas Jefferson James Madison. .1801 Samuel Dexter.. 1801 Albert Gallatin.. 1801 H. Dearborn... 1801 *George Clinton Mames Madison tGeorge Clinton Robert Smith.... 1809 J ames Monroe. . . 1811 Albert Gallatin. .1809 G.W. Campbell.. 1814 A.J.Dallas 1814 W.H.Crawford. 1816 Wm. Eustis....l809 J. Armstrong.. 1813 Tames Monroe. 1814 W.H.Crawford 1815 *.Tames Monroe J. Q. Adams 1817 W. H.-Crawford.l8l7 Isaac Shelby... 1817 Geo. Graham.. 1817 J. C. Calhoun.. 1817 *Daniel D Tompkins John Q Adams 1826 1826 Henry Clay 1825 Richard Rush.... 1825 Jas. Barbour. ..1825 Peter B.Porter.1828 Mohn C. Calhoun *Andrew Jackson JJohn C Calhoun 1829 ]v,- 1888 M. Van Buren.... 1829 E. Livingston 1831 Louis McLane.... 1833 John Forsyth.... 1834 Sam. D. Ingham.1829 Louis McLane.... 1831 W. J.lmace.... 1.1833 Roger B. Taney.,1833 Levi Wood bury.. 1834 John H.Eaton. 1829 Lewis Cass 1831 B. F. Butler.... 1837 Martin Van Buren. Martin Van Buren 1889 IS, 7 Joun Forsyth... 1837 Lev! Wood bury.. 1837 Joel R.Poinsettl837 Kichard M.Johnson fWilliam H. Harrison John Tyler 1841 1841 1841 Daniel Webster.. 1841 Thos. Ewing 1841 John Bell 1841 John Tyler Daniel Webster.. 1841 Hugh S. Legare..l843 Abel P.Upshur..l843 John C. Calhoun.1844 Thos. Ewing 1841 Walter Forward. 1841 lohn C. Spencer..l84H Geo.M. Bibb 1844 John Bell 1841 John McLean.. 1841 J. C. Spencer... 1841 Jas.M. Porter.. 1843 Wm. Wilkins.,1844 James K. Polk 184.-) 184.', James Buchananl845 Robt. J. Walker. 1845 Wm. L. Marcy.1845 George M. Dallas tZaehary Taylor 1S49 184$ I860 John M. Clayton.1849 Wm . M.Meredith 1849 G.W. Crawford.1849 Millard Fillmore Millard Fillmore Daniel Webster.,1850 Edward Everett.,1852 Thomas Corwin.. 1850 C. M.Conrad. ..1850 Franklin Pierce tWilliam R. King 1S_M W. L.Marcy 1853 James Guthrie. ..185o Jefferson Davis 1853 James Buchanan John C. Breckinridge IN,; 1857 Lewis Cass 1857 J.S. Black 1860 Howell Cobb 1857 Philip F.Thomas.1860 John A. Dix ISbl lohn B. Floyd.. 1857 Joseph Holt.... 1861 *t Abraham Lincoln '. ' 1861 1861 W. H. Seward....l861 Salmon P. Chase.1861 W.P. Fessenden.1864 HughMcCulloch.lSte S. Cameron 1861 E.M. Stanton.,1862 Hannibal Hamlin. Andrew Johnson p 1800 1>',9 1878 W.H.Seward....l8b5 HughMcCulloch.1865 E. M. Stanton.,1865 U. S. Grant 1867 L. Thomas 1868 J.M. Schotield.1868 *Ulysses S Grant E.B.Washburne.1869 Hamilton Fish... 1869 Geo.S.Boutwell 1869 W.A.Richardson.1873 Benj. H. Bristow.ls74 Lot M. Morrill...l876 J. A. Rawlins.,1869 \V. T.Sherman. 1869 W.W. Belknap.lStVJ Alphonso Taft. 1876 I. D. Cameron. 1876 Schuyler Colfax tHenry Wilson Rutherford B. Hayes . 1877 1877 W. M.Evarts....l877 John Sherman. .1877 G.W. McCrary. 1877 Alex. Ramsey.. 1879 William A. Wheeler tjames A. Gartield 1SS1 1SS1 James G. Blaine,1881 Wm. Windom....l881 R. T. Lincoln. .1881 Chester A. Arthur Chester A. Arthur. 1881 F. T. Frelinghuy- sen 1881 Cha-s.J.Folger...l881 W. Q. Gresham . .1884 Hugh McCulloch.1884- R.T.Lincoln... 1881 Grover Cleveland tThos. A. Hendricks 1SS.) Thos. F. Bayard. 18S5 Daniel Manning. 1885 Cha>.S.Fairchild 1887 W.C. Endicott.1885 Benjamin Harrison. . 1>89 1,889 James G.Blaine. 1889 Wm. Windom....l889 John W. Foster. .1S92 Charles Foster. . .1891 R. Proctor 18S9 S. B. Elkins....lS91 Lev! P. Morton Grover Cleveland Adlai E.Stevenson 1893i W. Q. Gresham. .1893 John G. Carlisle.,1893 1898 s Richard Olney. . .1895 D. S. Lamont...l893 *tWllliam McKinley tGarret A Hobart 1897! John Sherman. . .1897 Lyman J. Gage . .1897 1897 Wm. R. Day 1897 1901iJohnUay 1898 R. A. Alger 1897 Elihu Root 1890 Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt 1901 UK JohnHay 1901 Lyman J. Gage. .1901 Elihu Hoot 1901 (Leslie M. Shaw.. 1902 Wm. H. Taft. .1904 Theodore Roosevelt John Hayt 1905 Leslie M. Shaw. .1905 Wm. H. Taft... 1905 Elihu Root 1905 G. B. Cortelyou. .194J7 Charles W. Fairbanks < *Elected two consecutive terms. tDied while in office. JReslgned. PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS. or, PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS.-CONTIXUED. Secretaries of the navy. Secretaries of the interior.* Postmasters- general.! Attorneys- general. Secretaries of agriculture.^ Samuel Osgood....l789 Timothy Pickeringl79i Jos. Habersham....l795 E. Randolph 1789 Wm. Bradford.. .1794 Charles Lee 1795 Benjamin Stoddert. ...1798 Jos. Habersham 1797 Charles Lee 1797 Theo. Parsons... 1801 Benjamin Stoddert.... 1801 Robert Smith 1801 Jacob Crowninshield.,1805 Jos. Habersham... 1801 Gideon Granger... 1801 Levi Lincoln 1801 Robt. Smith 1805 John Breck- inridge 1805 C.A.Rodney 1807 Paul Hamilton s 1809 William Jones 1813 Gideon Granger. . .1809 R. J. Meigs, Jr 1814 C.A.Rodney 1809 Wm. Pinckney...l811 William Rush.. ..1814 B. W. Crowninshield. .1814 B. W. Crowninshield.. 1817 Smith Thompson 1818 R. J.Meigs, Jr 1817 John McLean 1823 William Rush.... 1817 William Wirt.... 1817 S.L. Southard 1823 S.L. Southard 1825 John McLean 1825 William Wirt.... 1825 John Branch 1829 LevlWoodbury 1831 Mablon Dickerson 1834 Wm. T. Barry 1829 Amos Kendall 1835 John M. Berrien.1829 Roger B.Taney. .1831 B.F.Butler 1833 Mablon Dickerson. . . .1837 Amos Kendall 1837 JohnM.Niles 1840 B. F. Butler 1837 Felix Grundy.... 1838 H.D.GIlpin 1840 George E. Badger 1841 Francis Granger. ..1841 J. J. Crittenden.1841 George E. Badger 1841 Abel P. Upshur 1841 David Henshaw 1843 Francis Granger.. .1841 C.A. Wickllffe 1841 J. J. Crittenden.1841 Hugh S.Legare.. 1841 John Nelson 1843 Thomas W. Gilmer.. . .1844 John Y. Mason 1844 George Bancroft 1845 John Y. Mason 1846 Cave Johnson 1845 John Y. Mason. 1845 Nathan Clifford.. 184t> Isaac Toucey 1848 William B. Preston . . .1849 Thomas E wing 1849 Jacob Collamer 1849 Reverdy Johnson 1849 William A. Graham. . .1850 John P. Kennedy 1852 Thomas A.Pearce..l850 T. M. T. McKernonl850 A. H. H. Stuart. .. .1850 Nathan K. Hall.. ..1850 Sam D.Hubbard... 1852 J. J. Crittenden.,1850 James C. Dobbin 1853 Robt. McClelland. .1853 James Campbell. . .1853 Caleb Gushing... 1853 Jacob Thompson.. 1857 Aaron V. Brown. .1857 Joseph Holt 1859 J. S. Black 1857 Edw. M. Stanton.1860 Gideon Welles 1861 CalebB. Smith 1861 John P. Usher.. . .1863 Montgomery Blair.1861 William Dennison.1864 Edward Bates... 1861 Titian J. Coffey.. 1863 James Speed 1864 Gideon Welles 1865 John P. Usher 1865 James Harlan 1865 O. H. Browning. . . .1866 William Dennison.1865 A. W. Randall 1866 James Speed 1865 Henry Stan bery . 1866 Wm. M. Evarts.. .1868 Adolph E Borie 1869 Jacob D. Cox 18t>U J. A. J. Cresswell. .1869 Jas. W. Marsh all... 1874 Marshall Jewell... 1874 James N. Tyner...l876 E. R. Hoar 186i George M. Robeson . . .1869 Columbus Delano.,1870 Zach Chandler.. . . .1875 A. T. Ackerman. .1870 Geo. H.Williams. 1871 Edw. Pierrepont.1875 Alphonso Taft...l87b R. W. Thompson 1877 Nathan Goff. Jr 1881 Carl Schurz 1877 David M. Key 1877 Horace Maynard..l880 Chas. De vens 1877 W.H. Hunt 1881 S. J.Kirkwood 188 1 T.L. James 1881 W. Mac Veagh.... 1881 W. E. Chandler 1881 Henry M.Teller. ... 1881 T.O.Howe 1881 W. Q. Gresham 1883 Frank Hatton 1884 B.H.Brewster...l881 W. C. Whitney 1885 L. Q. C. Lamar 1885 Wm. F. Vilas 1888 Wm. F. Vilas 1885 D.M.Dickinson 1888 A.H. Garland.... 1885 N. J. Colman.l8o9 Benj. F.Tracy 1S-9 John W. Noble 1889 J. Wanamaker 1889 W.H.H. Miller.. 188y J. M. Rusk ..1889 Hilary A. Herbert. . . .1893 Hoke Smith 1893 W. S. Bissell 1893 W. L. Wilson 1895 R.Olney 1893 J. Harmon 1895 J.S. Morton. 1893 D.R.Francis 1896 John D.Long 1S9V C. N. Bliss 1897 E.A.Hitchcock 1899 James A.Gary 1897 Chas. E. Smith ISWs J.McKenna 1897 J. W.Griggs 1897 P.C. Knox 1901 J. Wilson 1897 John D. Long 1901 Wm. H. Moody 1902 E.A.Hitchcock 1901 Chas.E. Smith 1901 Henry C.Payne. . . .1902 Robt. J.Wynne 1904 P. C. Knox 1901 W.H. Moody 1904 J.Wilson 15)01 Paul Morton 1 >04 C.J.Bonaparte ...I'.HJo Victor H. Metcalf.. . .I9u7 E.A.Hitchcock 1905 G.B.Cortelyou 1905 W. H. Moody 1905 J. Wilson 1905 J. R. Garfleld 19U7.G. v. L. Meyer 11*07 C. J. Bonaparte.. 1907) *This department was established by an act of congress March 3, 1849. tNot a cabinet officer until 1829. Secretaries of Commerce and Labor (department established Feb. 14, 1903) George B. Cortelyou. 1903. Victor H. Metcalf, 1904-luOti; Oscar S. Straus, 1907. ^Established Feb. 11. 1889. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS* ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. POPULAR VOTE TOR PRESIDENT (1824M904). 1824 J. Q Adams had 105,321 to 155,872 for Jackson, 44,282 for Crawford and 40,587 for Clay. Jackson over Adams, 50,551. Adams less than combined vote of others, 141,420. Of the whole vote Adams had 29.92 per cent, Jackson 44.27, Clay 13.23, Crawford 12.58. Adams elected by house of representatives. 1828 Jackson had 647,231 to 509,097 for J. Q. Adams. Jackson's majority, 138,134. Of the whole vote Jackson had 55.97 per cent, Adams 44.03. 1832 Jackson had 687,502 to 530,189 for Clay and 33,108 for Floyd and Wirt combined. Jack- sou's majority, 124,205. Of the whole vote Jackson had 54.96 per cent, Clay 42.39 and the others combined 2.65. 1836 Van Buren had 761,549 to 736,656, the combined vote for Harrison, White, Webster and Mangum. Van Buren's majority, 24,893. Of the whole vote Van Buren had 50.83 per cent and the others combined 49.17. 1840 Harrison had 1.275,017 to 1,128,702 for Van Buren and 7,059 for Birney. Harrison's majority, 139,256. Of the whole vote Harrison had 52.89 per cent, Van Buren 46.82 and Bir- IsT/ Polk had 1,337,243 to 1.299,068 for Clay and 62,300 for Birney. Polk over Clay, 38,175. Polk less than others combined, 24,125. Of the vrhole vote Polk had 49.55 per cent, Clay 48.14 and Birney 2.31. 1848 Taylor had 1.360.101 to 1.220.544 for Cass and 291,263 for Van Buren. Taylor over Cass, 139,557. Taylor less than others combined, 152,- 706. Of the whole vote Taylor had 47.36 per cent, Cass 42.50 and Van Buren 10.14. 1S52 Pierce had 1,601,474 to 1.380,676 for Scott, 156,149 for Hale and 1,670 for Daniel Webster. Pierce over all, 63,079. Of the whole vote Pierce had 50.90 per cent, Scott 44.10 and Hale 4.97.. 1856 Buchanan had 1,838.169 to 1.341.264 for Fremont and 874.534 for Fillmore. Buchanan over Fremont, 496,905. Buchanan less than combined vote of others. 377,629. Of the whole vote Buchanan had 45.34 per cent, Fremont 33.19 and Fillmore 21.57. I860 Lincoln had 1,866.352 to 1,375,157 for Douglas, 845.763 for Breckinridge and 589.581 for Bell. Lincoln over Douglas, 491,195. Lin- coln less than Douglas and Breckinridge com- bined, 354.568. Lincoln less than combined vote of all others. 944,149. Of the whole vote Lin- coln had 39.91' per cent, Douglas 29.40, Breck- inridge 18.08 and Bell 12.61. 1864 Lincoln had 2,216,067 to 1,808,725 for Mc- Clellan (eleven states not voting, viz. : Alaba- ma, Arkansas. Florida. Georgia, Louisiana, Mis- sissippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Ten- nessee, Texas and Virginia). Lincoln's majority, 407,342. Of the whole vote Lincoln had 55.06 per cent and McClellan 44.94. 1868 Grant had 3.015.071 to 2,709,613 for Sey- mour (three states not voting, viz. : Mississippi, Texas and Virginia). Grant's majority, 305.458. Of the whole vote Grant had 52.67 per cent and Seymour 47.33. 1872 Grant had 3,597,070 to 2,834.079 for Gree- ley, 29,408 for O'Conor and 5,608 for Black. Grant's majority, 729,975. Of the whole vote Grant had 55.63 per cent, Greeley 43.83, O'Con- or .15 and Black .09. 1876 Hayes had 4,033,950 to 4,284,885 for Til- den, 81,740 for Copper, 9,522 for Smith and 2,636 scattering. Tilden's majority over Hayes, 250,935. Tilden's majority of the entire vote cast, 157,037. Hayes less than the combined vote of others 344,833. Of the whole vote cast Hayes had 47.95 per cent, Tilden 50.94, Cooper .97, Smith .11, scattering .03. 1880 Garfleld had 4,449,053 to 4,442,035 for Hancock, 307,306 for Weaver and 12,576 scat- tering. Garfleld over Hancock, 7,018. Garfleld less than the combined vote for others, 313,864. Of the popular vote Garfield had 48.26 per cent, Hancock 48.25, Weaver 3.33, scattering .13. 1884 Cleveland had 4,911,017 to 4,848,334 for Blaine, 151,809 for St. John, 133.825 for Butler. Cleveland had over Blaine 62,683. Cleveland had 48.48 per cent, Blaine 48.22, St. John 1.56, Butler 1.33. 1888 Harrison had 5,440,216 to 5,538,233 for Cleve- land, 249,937 for Fisk, 141,105 for Streeter, 2,808 for Cowdrey, 1,591 for Curtis and 9,845 scatter- ing. Harrison had 98,017 less than Cleveland. Of the whole vote Harrison had 47.83 per cent, Cleveland 48.63. Fisk 2.21 and Streeter 1.28. 1892 Cleveland had 5,556,918 to 5,176,108 for Harrison, 264,133 for Bidwell, 1,041,028 for Weaver and 21,164 for Wing. Cleveland had over Harrison 380,810. Of the whole vote Cleveland had 45.73 per cent, Harrison 42.49, Bid- well 2.17 and W 7 eaver 8.67. 1896 McKinley had 7,104,779, Bryan, 6,502,925; Levering. 132.007; Bentley 13,969; Matchett, 36,- 274; Palmer, 133,148. McKinley had over Bryan 601,854 votes. Of the whole vote McKinley had 50.49 per cent and Bryan 46.26. 1900 McKinley had 7,217,810 to 6,357,826 for Bryan. 208,791 for Woolley. 50,218 for Barker, 87,769 for Debs. 39,944 for Malloney, 518 foi Leonard and 5,098 for Ellis. McKinley over Bryan, 859,984. McKinley 's majority over all, 367,646. Of the whole vote McKinley received 51.66 per cent and Bryan 45.51 per cent. 1904 Roosevelt had 7,620.670 to 5.080,207 for Parker, 258,205 for Swallow. 401,380 for Debs, 111,373 for Watson, 41.330 for Corregan and 830 for Holcomb. Roosevelt over Parker, 2,540,463. Roosevelt's majority over all. 1.727,345. Of the whole vote Roosevelt received 57.13 per cent and Parker 38 per cent. Of the presidents, Adams, federalist; Polk, Bu- chanan and Cleveland, democrats: Taylor, whig; Lincoln (first term), Hayes, Garfield and Harrison, republicans, did not, when elected, receive a ma- jority of the popular vote. The highest percentage of popular vote received by any president was 57.13 for Roosevelt, republican, in 1904; the low- est, 39.91 for Lincoln, republican, in 1860; Bu- chanan, democrat, next lowest, with 45.34. * Prior to 1824 electors were chosen by the legis- latures of the different states. AMERICAN HALL OF FAME. "The Hall of Fame for Great Americans" is the name of a building on University Heights in New York city, in which are inscribed on bronze tablets the names of famous American men and women. Nominations for the honor are made by the public and are submitted to a committee of 100 eminent citizens. In the case of men fifty-one votes are required and in the case of women forty-seven. The first balloting took mlace in October, 1900, when the following were chosen: George Washington. Abraham Lincoln. Daniel Webster. Benjamin Franklin. Ulysses S. Grant. John Marshall. Thomas Jefferson. Ralph W. Emerson. H. W. Longfellow. Robert Fulton. Horace Mann. Henry W. Beecher. James Kent. Joseph Story. John Adams. Washington Irving. Jonathan Edwards. Samuel F. B. Morse. David G. Farragut. Henry Clay. Nathaniel Hawthorne. George Peabody. Robert E. Lee. Peter Cooper. Eli Whitney. John J. Audubon. William E. Chanuing. Gilbert Stuart. Asa Gray. Chosen in 1905: John Quincy Adams. James Russell Lowell. William T. Sherman. James Madison. John G. Whittier. Alexander Hamilton. Louis Agassiz. John Paul Jones. Mary Lyon. Emma Willard. Maria Mitchell. APPLICATIONS FOR PATENTS. APPLICATIONS FOR PATENTS. application, unless the same is proved to have been abandoned. A patent may also be obtained for any new design for a manufacture, bust, statue, alto-relievo or bas-relief; for the printing of woolen, silk or other fabrics; for any new im- pression, ornament, nattern, print or picture to be placed on or woven into any article of manu- facture; and for any new, useful and orginal shape or configuration of any article of manufacture, upon payment of fees and taking the other neces sary steps. Applications for patents must be in writing, in the English language and signed by the inventor if alive. The application must include the first fee of $15. a petition, specification and oath, and drawings, model or specimen when required. The petition must be addressed to the commissioner of patents and must give the name and full ad- dress of the applicant, must designate by title the invention sought to be patented, must contain a reference to the specification for a full disclosure of such invention and must be signed by the appli- cant. The specification must contain the following in the order named: Name and residence of the ap- plicant with title of invention; a general statement of the object and nature of the invention; a brief description of the several views of the drawings (if the invention admits of such illustration); a detailed description; claim or claims: signature of inventor and signatures of two witnesses. Claims for a machine and its product and claims for a machine and the process in the performance of which the machine is used must be presented in separate applications, but claims for a process and its product may be presented in the same appli- cation. The applicant, if the inventor, must make oath or affirmation that he believes himself to be the first inventor or discoverer of that which he seeks to have patented. The oath or affirmation must also state of what country he is a citizen and where he resides. In every original application the applicant must swear or affirm that the inven- tion has not been patented to himself or to others with his knowledge or consent jn this or any for- eign country for more than two years prior to his application, or on an application for a patent filed in any foreign countrv by himself or his legal rep- lesentatives or assigns more than seven months prior to his application. If application has been made in any foreign countrv full and explicit de- tails must be given. The oath or affirmation may bo made before any one who is authorized by the laws of his country to administer oaths. Drawings must be on white paper with india ctly " [Condensed from Rules of Practice in the United States patent office.] A patent may be obtained by any person who has invented or discovered any new and useful art, ma- chine, manufacture or composition of matter, or any ne\v and useful improvement thereof not previously patented or described in this or any other country, for more than two years prior to his ink and the sheets must be exactly 10x15 inches in size, with a margin of one inch. They must show all details clearly and without the use of superfluous lines. Applications for reissues must state why the original patent is believed to be defective and tell precisely how the errors were made. These applica- tions must be accompanied by the original patent and an offer to surrender the same; or, if the orig- inal be lost, by an affidavit to that effect and certified copy of the patent. Every applicant whose claims have been twice rejected for the same rea- sons may appeal from the primary examiners to the examiners in chief upon the payment of a fee of $10. The duration of patents is for seventeen years except in the case of design patents, which may be for three and a half, seven or fourteen years as the inventor may elect. Caveats or notices given to the patent office of claims to inventions to prevent the issue of patent" to other persons upon the same invention, without notice to caveators, may be filed upon the payment of a fee of $10. Caveats must contain the same information as applications for patents. Schedule of fees and prices: Original application $15.00 On issue of patent 20.00 Design patent (3% years) 10.00 Design patent (7 years) 15.00 Design patent (14 years) 30.00 Caveat 10.00 Reissue 30.00 First appeal 10.00 Second appeal 20.00 For certified copies of printed patents: Specifications and drawing, per copy $0.05 Certificate 25 Grant 50 For manuscript copies of records, per 100 words 10 If certified, for certificate 25 Blue prints of drawings, 10x15. per copy 25 Blue prints of drawings, 7x11, per copy 15 Blue prints of drawings. 5x8. per copy 05 For searching records or titles, per hour 50 For the Official Gazette, per year, in United States 5.00 PATENT OFFICE STATISTICS. Yr. Applications. Issues. 1895. 1896 1898 35.842 1899 41,443 1900 41,890 22.057 23,373 23,794 22,267 25.527 2fi,493 Yr. Applications. Issues. 27,373 27,886 31,699 30,934 30.39S 31965 1901 46,449 1902 46.641 1903 50,213 1904 52,143 1905 54,971 1906 56,482 COPYRIGHT REGULATIONS. The articles specified by law as proper subjects of copyright are : Books, maps, charts, dramatic compositions, musical compositions, engravings, cuts, prints, photographs, photographic negatives, chromos. lithographs, periodicals, paintings, draw- ings, statuary and models or designs intended to be perfected as works of fine art. Any one desiring to secure a copyright should send to the librarian of congress for a blank ap- plication. This must be filled up according to the printed directions, which will be found plainly and specifically given on the blank itself. A printed or typewritten copy of the title of the article to be copyrighted must accompany the application ; in the case of paintings, drawings, statuary or de- signs, descriptions must be inclosed. On or before the day of publication two complete copies of the book or other artcle must be sent to the library of congress to perfect the copyright. The fee for the entry of title of production of a citizen of the United States is 50 cents : for a for- eigner. $1; certificates, 50 cents additional In either case. Remittances must be made by money order, express order or bank draft: postage stamps and checks will not be accepted. The copyright is for twenty-eight years, but it may be renewed for fourteen more. BY BALLOON FROM GERMANY TO ENGLAND. Drs. Yurt Wegener and Adolph Koch, German England, after a voyage of 812 miles, lasting only aeronauts, left Bitterfield, near Berlin, Germany, nineteen hours. It was one of the longest, as well Wednesday evening. April 10, 1007. in an ordinary as fastest, trips of the kind on record, balloon and the next day arrived at Leicester, | CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. PRESIDENTIAL VOTE (1828-19041. TE. Candidate. Party. Popular vote. Elec- toral vote. YR. 1876 I VM I 1880 1880 1880 1880 1884 1884 1884 1.SS4 1888 itvss L888 HNS 1888 L892 1 >'.).' IMC,' 1 >'.-.' 1 x'-J 181)6 !><.; 1896 1896 ISHi 1896 1900 I'.'O I 1900 1900 I'.'IIU 1900 1900 1900 1904 1904 1904 1H04 1904 1904 1904 Candidate. Party. Popular vote. Elec toral vote. 1828 1828 1832 Kia ls: ls: Kit; 1836 1836 1840 1840 1840 1844 1844 1844 KV> 1S.YJ 1852 186*5 ISA; 1866 1-^i ISM I860 I860 1864 lsij4 1872 1872 1S72 is:*; 1876 1* I; 1876 Jackson Adams Democrat. . Federal Democrat.. Whig Whig Anti-M Democrat.. Whig Whig Whig Whig Democrat. . Whig Liberty Democrat. . Whig Liberty Whig Democrat. . Free Soil... Democrat. . Whig Free Soil... Democrat. . Republican American.. Democrat. . Democrat. . Republican Union Democrat. . Republican Democrat. . Republican Democrat. . Ind. Dem... Republican T'mpera'ce Democrat. . Republican Greenback. Prohibition 647,231 509.097 687,502 530,189 \ 33,108 761,549 } I 736,656 Uftbl? 7,059 1,337,243 1,299,068 62,300 1,360,101 1,220.544 291,263 1,601,474 1,380,678 156,149 1,838,169 1,341,264 874,534 1,375,157 845.763 1,866,352 589,581 1,608,725 2,216,067 2.709,613 3.015,071 2,834,079 29,408 3,597,070, 5.608 4,284,885 4,033,950 81, 740 , 9,522 178 83 2 I 11 7 170 73l 26 14 11 60 234 Walker Hancock Garneld Weaver American. . Democrat.. Republican Greenback. Prohibition American.. Democrat.. Republican Greenback. Prohibition Democrat. . Republican Union Lab. Prohibition United Lab Democrat. . Republican Prohibition People's.... Socialist.... Republican Democrat. . Prohibition National... Soc. Labor.. Nat. Dem... Republican Democrat . . Prohibition People's Soc. Dem.... Soc. Lab.... United Chr. Union R. . . . Republican Democrat . . Prohibition Socialist People's Soc. Lab.... Continental 2,636 4,442,035 4,449,053 307,306 10,487 707 4,911.017 44a884 133,825 151,809 5,538,233 5,440,216 141,105 249,937 2,808 5.556,918 5,176,108 264,133 1,-041.028 21,1<>4 7.104,779 6,502.925 132.107 13,969 36,274 133,148 7,217,810 0,357.826 208,791 50.218 87,769 39,944 518 5,098 7.620,670 5.080,207 258.205 401.380 111,373 41,330 830 "'155 214 '"2i9 182 Clay Floyd Dow. Win Van Buren Phelps Cleveland Elaine.... Harrison White Webster Mangum Van Buren. . Butler.... St John Cleveland ""277 145 ""22 Harrison .... Harrison Birney Streeter.. . Fisk Polk 170 105 '"i63 107 ""254 42 '"l74 114 8 12 72 180 39 21 216 80 214 *66 '"292 '"isi 185 Clay Birney Cleveland Taylor Cass . Bidwell Weaver Van Buren Wing Pierce McKinley 271 176 Scott Bryan Hale Bentley Fremont. Matchett. Palmer Fillmore '"293 155 '"3\36 140 Douglas McKinley Breckinridge Lincoln Bell McClellan Bryan.. . . Woolley Barker Debs Seymour. Grant Leonard Ellis Roosevelt Greeley O'Conor, Parker Grant Black... Debs . . Tilden Hayes Watson Corregan Cooper.. . Smith *Owingtothe death of Mr. Greeley. the 66 electoral votes were variously cast. Thomas A. Hendricks received 42, B. Gratz Brown 18, Horace Greeley 3, Charles J. Jenkins 2, David Davis 1. SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE. CON- GRESS. Years. Name. State. I m I CON- GKESS. Years. Name. State. I * Q 1... 2 3 4-5... . i6-ii: : 12-13. . 13 14--16. . 16 !!:::: : 19 20-23. . 23 ;; 28 1789-91 1791-93 1793-95 1795-99 1799-01 1801-07 1807-11 1811-14 1814-15 1815-20 1820-21 1821-23 1823-25 1825-27 1827-34 1834-35 1835-39 1839-41 1841-43 1843-45 F. A. Muhlenberg J.TrumbulI F> A. Muhlenberg J onathan Da vton Theodore Sedgwick. .. Nathaniel Macon J. B. Varnum Pa Conn.. Pa N. J... Mass. . N.C.... Mass. . Ky.. .. S.C. .. Ky.. .. N. Y... Va.. .. ft*- 1750 1740 17.-,U ITflO 1740 1757 1750 1777 177B 1777 1784 17,vi 1777 1784 1784 1797 1795 HIH ISdJ 1805 1S01 180U 1801 1824 1813 1837 1821 1852 1,857 1862 1854 1,841 LS52 1854 1857 i.sr.9 IS -lit 1887 1845 1848 29. .. . 30. .. . t": 35. .. . 36. .. . 37. .. . 38-40. . 41-43. . 44.... . 44-46. . 47 48-50. 51 52-53... 54-55. . . 56-57. . . 58-59... 1845-47 1847-49 1849-51 1851-55 1856-57 1857-59 1860-61 1861-63 1863-69 1869-75 1875-76 1876-81 1881-83 1888-86 1889-91 1891-95 1895-99 1899-03 1903-06 J W Davis Ind 1799 1809 1815 1800 1816 1S22 1790 18:.':; ls-,>:; is: ;n K.>; ls~>8 1836 1850 1894 1S68 1859 1894 1873 is., 2 1907 1885 1893 1876 1890 R C Winthrop Mass. . Ga Ky.. .. Mass. . S. C. . . N.J. .. Pa HowellCobb Linn Boyd N. P. Banks W. Pennington G A Grow .... Langdon Cheves HenryClay J. W.Taylor P. P. Barbour HenryClay J. W. Taylor A. Stevenson S. Colfax Ind j G.Blaine Me . .. Ind.. fC. Kerr J Randall Pa.. W. Keifer.. O. . J. G.Carlisle Thomas B. Reed C. F. Crisp Thomas B. Reed D. B. Henderson J. G. Cannon Ky.. .. Me.... Ga Me.. .. Iowa . . Ill is:;;, 1839 1846 is.su 1840 1836 1902 IV.- i 1902 1906 John Bell Tenn.. Tenn.. Va. ... Ky.. .. Va. ... James K. Polk R. M. T. Hunter John White J. W.Jones BURIAL PLACES OF PRESIDENTS. George Washington Mount Vernon, Va. John Adams Quincy, Mass. Thomas Jefferson Monticello, Va. James Madison Montpelier. Va. James Monroe Richmond, Va. John Quincy Adams Quincy, Mass. Andrew Jackson Hermitage, Nashville, Tenn. Martin Van Buren Kinderhook, N. Y. William Henry Harrison North Bend, O. John Tyler Richmond, Va. James Knox Polk Nashville, Tenn. Zachary Taylor Springfield, Ky. Millard Fillmore Buffalo, N. Y. Franklin Pierce Concord, N. H. James Buchanan Lancaster, Pa. Abraham Lincoln Springfield, 111. Ulysses S. Grant New York, N. Y. Rutherford B. Hayes Fremont, O. James A. Garfield Cleveland. O. Chester A. Arthur Albany, N. Y. Benjamin Harrison Indianapolis, Ind. William MeKmler Canton, O. ORDER OF PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION. ELECTORAL VOTE BY STATES. STATE. 1904. 1900. irtiii!. STATE. 1904. 1900. 189G. Roose- velt, R. p & id ^ 1= i * P o" &x - , l^ 5| ^ " P il McKin- ley, R. s Q id P a |f Alabama 11 11 11 8 4 "4" 13 3 Nebraska a 8 8 3 "11 Arkansas 11) 9 i) 8 8 "(]' 8 Nevada 8 4 13 39 4 'la' 4 10 36 ' '3' i 'ii' 4 in H s ;'. 7 'fi 4 New Jersey New York g I North Carolina North Dakota Florida f> 1 Georgia, Idaho "'A 13 13 | Ohio Oregon K 4 28 I 2;; Illinois >T ?4 '4 Pennsylvania 9i 82 4 Indiana 1.3 13 10 'is 9 is 10 'is' s IS i:i 'iaf '16' i 8 Rhode Island \ 1 4 Iowa South Carolina. ........ q g 9 4 12 15 3 South Dakota 4 4 Tennessee.. ia IS 12 15 Texas Maine 6 r, 6 Utah ^ g i! 7 8 IS 8 15 .... Vermont.. 4 j 4 Massachusetts Virginia.. V 12 12 4 Michigan it n '16' 1 "iV IT 8 11 1) "9" 17 3 Washington.. 5 /] West Virginia 7 iS (i 12 Mississippi Wisconsin 18 IS Wyoming ^ !f 3 17fi Montana i Total 86. no 12~ 155 >7T THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE. Following is the electoral vote of the states, based upon the apportionment of representatives made by congress under the census of 1900: State. Electoral vote. 11 State. Kentucky .... Electoral vote. 13 State. New Hampshire New Jersey Electoral vote. 4 State. Electoral vote. 9 f . . 9 12 Texas 18 California . . . 10 5 Maine Maryland ... Massachusetts Michigan .......'.'. 3 New York ... . 39 Utah 3 North Carolina North Dakota . Ohio 12 4 93 4 Connecticut . 7 16 14 Virginia Washington . . . West Virginia 12 3 Florida . .. 5 Minnesota ... 11 Oklahoma 7 7 13 Mississippi 10 4 13 Idaho 3 13 34 3 Illinois Montana 3 Rhode Island . . 4 Total 4-> 15 Nebraska Nevada 8 3 South Carolina South Dakota . 9 4 13 Necessary to choice... 242 Kansas . .. 10 TARIFF BILLS SINCE 1884. Morrison Bills First bill presented to 48th con- gress during Chester A. Arthur's administration; proposed a horizontal reduction of 20 per cent with free iron ore, coal and lumber; defeated in house April 15, 1884, by vote of 159 to 155; house heavily democratic and senate republican. Second bill presented to 49th congress during Grover Cleveland's first administration; similar to first bill, proposing free wool, salt and lumber; de- feated in house June 17, 1886, by a vote of 157 to 140; house democratic, senate republican. . Mills Bill Presented to 50th congress during Cleveland's first administration; provided for free lumber and wool, reduction on pig iron and abo- lition of specific duties on cotton; passed by house July 21, 1888, by vote of 162 to 149, but failed in senate; house democratic, senate republican. McKinley Bill Passed by 51st congress during Benjamin Harrison's administration; became law Oct. 6, 1890; high protective measure, though re- mitting duties on sugar and providing for reci- procity treaties; both houses of congress repub- lican. Wilson Bill Passed by 53d congress during Cleveland's second administration; became law Aug. 17, 1&94, without the president's signature; both houses democratic; measure reduced duties in some cases and made additions to free list, notably wool. Dingley Bill Passed by 54th congress during Mc- Kinley' s administration; approved July 24, 1897; passed by house 205 yeas to 122 nays, 27 members not voting; passed by senate 38 yeas to 28 nays, 23 not voting; house contained 206 republicans and 134 democrats and senate 46 republicans and 34 demof-rats; measure raised rates to produce more revenue, but was similar in many respects to the McKinley act. ORDER OF PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION. In case of the removal, death, resignation or in- ability of both the president and vice-president, then the secretary of state shall act as president until the disability of the president or vice-presi- dent is removed or a president is elected. The rest of the order of succession is: Secretary of the treasury, secretary of war, attorney-general, post- master-general, secretary of the navy, secretary of the interior, secretary of agriculture and secretary of commerce and labor. The acting president, in case congress is not in session, must call a special session, giving twenty days' notice. 70 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. APPORTIONMENT OF REPRESENTATIVES. Under each census since the formation of the government. STATE. 1 a o 1 Constitu- | tion, Ratioi 30,000. 1st census. Ratio 33.000. 3d census. Ratio 33,000. 3d census. Ratio 35,000. 4th census. Ratio 40,000. 5th census. 1 Ratio 47.700. 6th census, Ratio 70,680. 7th census.! Ratio 93,423. 8th census- Ratio 127,381. 9th census- j Ratio 131.425. . 10th census Ratio 151.911. llth census] Ratio 178,901. a .2z>" * =Q 1819 3 5 7 ($ 8 8 y 9 !$;;<; 9 3 5 1850 2 3 t; 8 Colorado 1876 1 2 3 Connecticut 1 1 2 6 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 5 1 Florida Wi 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 2 4 6 7 9 8 8 7 9 10 11 11 1890 1 1 1 Illinois 1818 1 3 7 9 14 19 20 22 ^ 1816 3 7 10 11 11 13 IS 13 13 Iowa .... 1846 2 6 9 11 11 11 1861 1 3 7 8 8 Kentucky 1792 181? 2 6 10 1 13 3 10 4 10 4 I 10 6 11 6 11 g 11 7 Maine irat 1 g 7 6 B 6 4 4 4 6 8 9 9 9 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 g 14 17 20 13 12 10 11 10 11 12 13 14 Michigan 1837 3 4 6 9 11 12 12 18*18 2 2 3 5 7 9 Mississippi 1817 1 m 4 5 5 (5 7 7 8 1891 1 2 5 7 9 13 14 15 16 1889 1 1 Nebraska 1867 1 1 3 6 (j 1864 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 5 6 g 5 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 5 6 6 6 (; 5 5 5 7 7 8 10 New York 6 10 17 27 34 40 34 33 31 33 34 34 37 5 10 12 13 13, 13 9 8 7 8 9 9 10 North Dakota 1889 1 2 Ohio 180? 6 14 19 21 21 19 20 21 21 21 1W 5 1859 1 1 1 i 2 2 Pennsylvania.. . 8 13 18 23 26 28 24 25 24 27 28 30 32 Rhode Island. 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 South Carolina 5 6 8 9 9 9 7 6 4 5 7 7 7 South Dakota 1889 2 2 2 1796 3 6 9 13 11 10 8 10 in 10 10 Texas 18.15 2 4 6 11 13 16 Utah 1 1 1791 2 4 6 5 5 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 Virginia 1889 10 19 22 23 22 21 15 13 11 9 10 1 10 2 10 3 1863 3 4 4 5 1848 3 6 8 9 10 11 Wyoming 1890 1 1 1 Total 65 105 141 181 213 240 223 237 243 293 332 357 391 THE HOMESTEAD LAW. Any person who is the head of a family, or who is 21 years old and is a citizen of the United States or has filed his declaration of intention to become such, and who is not the proprietor of more than 160 acres of land in any state or territory, is entitled to enter one-quarter section (160 acres) or less quantity of unappropriated public land under the homestead laws. The applicant must make af- fidavit that he is entitled to the privileges of the homestead act ad that the entry is made for his exclusive use and for actual settlement and culti- vation, and must pay the legal fee and that part of the commission required, as follows: Fee for 160 acres, $10: commission, $4 to $12. Fee for eighty acres, $5: commission, $2 to $6. Within six months from the date of entry the settler must take up his residence upon the land and cultivate the same for five years continuously. At the ex- piration of this period, or within two years there- after, proof of residence and cultivation must be established by four witnesses. The proof of settle- ment, with the certificate of the register of the land office, is forwarded to the general land office at Washington, from which a patent is issued. Final proof cannot be made until the expiration of five years from date of entry, and must be made within seven years. The government recognizes no sale of a homestead claim. After the expira- tion of fourteen months from date of entry the law allows the homesteader to secure title to the tract, if so desired, by paying for it in cash and making proof of settlement, residence and cultiva- tion for that period. The law allows only one homestead privilege to any one person. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. The library of congress was established in 1800 in the city of Washington. D. C. It was burned in 1814 and in 1851 lost 35.000 volumes by fire. The present library building, which cost $6,347,- 000, was opened to the public in November, 1807. It is located a short distance east of the capitol and is the largest and finest building of its kind in the world. June 30, 1906. the library contained 1,379,244 books and pamphlets, 89,869 maps, 437,510 pieces of music and 214,276 photographs, prints, engrav- ings and lithographs. The copyright office is a distinct division of the library with its own force of employes. The total number of employes in the library is 437 and the annual cost of maintenance is now about $800,000. REGISTRATION OF TRADE-MARKS. 71 PAST POLITICAL COMPLEXION OF THE STATES. R., republican; W., whig; D., democratic; U., union; A., American; A. M.. anti-Masonic; N. B., nationa republican; P.. populist. STATE. 00 00 i | 'S. GO 00 s s. | 1 i i c; | i I \ | i | i Alabama. Arkansas D. D. D. 1). i). D. D. D. J). D. I). B: i). 11 7). 1). B 'if \\. i;. R. K. If 1). J). If J). D D. D. R D. J). B i). 1). D. J). B: B 1>. D. P Colorado If p T . p R ]f N R j i W W \v D If B P i > \> i ' pj , If N R w \Y W V It j . v i , pi ' . . , " v ' 7, ' Florida D ' D W D w. A*' IX |1 D. U D. p H. n K. K. 1 1 D. n D. D. D 1). I). P ii ; J). p Idaho R P |f Illinois H D. H 71 1^ n 11 i x H K if H R , R R D If v |f Indiana D D. w W TJ n 71 n If B if If I> i. Tl R H R n p If p i R |f - it p H If R R p .V -. . ' 71 i , N R w \y W \Y W i * JT p It I , H j . R T , D Louisiana Maine !' D. D 1>. W. V D. D W. J). D! if f ; D. if K. If K. R D. R D. R 1). If D. R 1). R [). R 1). p 7f N R w W W ^ 7f n n 71 |i R p 11 Massachusetts. B N R w W W. w w H If if 1 , if If R -t > R R If R 71 T> 71 7) I,- |f T . B -i R R T , R R R p Minnesota If I > R B R R J > R R R p Mississippi .. i j D. |) w D n D n 11 B n 7) r> 11 11 |t 71 Missouri. D D 11 I) D H P H If n n 11 D n 71 |1 i y B 7f 71 p If if R 7f R R 7f x R p Nevada If If K R R If p j j p H D. i j 11 D T v I! if If If 7! R If R R R -, R R New Jersey ',> D. W w W "\V fl D 1) 11 7i n D 11 11 R R R New York D. 11 T) W D R R R 11 7>' 7) 7f R R R North Carol! ua D. D. 1). w. W. w. J). 1). K. K. D. D. IX 1). p . R 1). p 1). Ohio 1 , 1 * V \v W p i '. If If I 1 , H -t , B R R R B R R If If It R R If R R R R If B i ^ D -. j w D. \v 11 b B If |; R If R R v p Rhode Island , N R 71 w W W 71 if if If H R i * D R R B South Carolina T j W. W 7) D 5 7 |) li If R R D IJ It D . . South Dakota R 71 R p Tennessee 7 D. W W W w v 1) b B \\ It b D P D 71 H Texas Utah IX 1). D. D. D. IX D. D. 8; 1). 1). IX R j A M W w W w w H if H If If H T> R p B R Virginia. v 71 7) B D TT If T-V 71 T * 11 71 -J, p West Virginia if B K R p" D. 7> H R p 7f Wisconsin 71 7) R if p B B R 7? R If 71 R B Wyoming K. 1). K. U. In five states in 1892 the electoral vote was di- vided: California gave 8 electoral votes for Cleveland and 1 for Harrison and Ohio gave 1 for Cleveland and 22 for Harrison; in Michigan, by act of the legislature, each congressional dis- trict voted separately for an elector; in Oregon 1 of the 4 candidates for electors on the people's party ticket was also on the democratic ticker; in North Dakota 1 of the 2 people's party elect- ors cast his vote for Cleveland, this causing the electoral vote of the state to be equally divided among Cleveland, Harrison and Weaver. In 1898 California gave 8 electoral votes to McKinley and 1 to Bryan; Kentucky gave 12 to McKinley and 1 to Bryan. In Maryland in 1904 1 of the presi- dential electors chosen were democrats and 1 republican. REGISTRATION OF TRADE-MARKS. Under the law passed by congress Feb. 20, 1905, and effective April 1, 1905, citizens of the United States, or foreigners living in countries affording similar privileges to citizens of the United States, may obtain registration of trade-marks used in commerce with foreign nations, or among the sev- eral states, or with Indian tribes, by complying with the following requirements: First, by filing in the patent office an application therefor in writing, addressed to the commissioner of patents, signed by the applicant, specifying his mum-, domi- cile, location and citizenship; the class of mer- chandise and the particular description of goods comprised in such class to which the trade-mark is appropriated; a statement of the mode in which the same is applied and affixed to goods, and the length of time during which the trade-mark has been used. With this statement shall be filed a drawing of the trade-mark, signed by the appli- cant or his attorney, and such number of speci- mens of tl\p trade-mark as mav bp required l*y the commissioner of patents. Second, by paying into the treasury of the United States the sum of $10 and otherwise complying with the requirements of the law and such regulations as may be pre- scribed by the commissioner of patents. The application must be accompanied by a written declaration to the effect that the applicant believes Himself to be the owner of the trade-mark sought to be registered and that no other person or cor- poration has the right to use it; that such trade- mark is in use and that the description and draw- ing presented are correct. Trade-marks consisting of or comprising immoral or scandalous matter, the coat of arms, flag or other insignia of the United States or of any state or foreign nation cannot be registered. Fees for renewal of trade- marks and for filing opposition to registration are $10 each; for appeals from examiners to the com- missioner of patents. $15 each. Farther information regarding the trade-mark law may be had by applying to the commissioner of patents, Washington. D. C. 72 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1908. QUALIFICATIONS FOR SUFFRAGE. REQUIREMENTS FOR VOTERS IN THE VARIOUS STATES. ALABAMA Citizens of good 2 y character and understanding, or aliens who have declared inten- tion; must exhibit poll-tax re- AR^ANSAS-Like Alabama, ex- 1 y cept as to "good character." CALIFORNlA-Citizens by nativ- ly ity; naturalized for 90 days, or treaty of Queretaro. COLORADO-Citizens, male orfe- 1 male, or aliens who declared in- tention 4 months before offer- ing to vote. CONNECTICUT Citizens who ly can read English. DELAWARE Citizens paying $1 ly. registration fee. FLORIDA Citizens of Unitedly. States. GEORGIA Citizens who can read ly. and have paid ail taxes since 1877. IDAHO Citizens, male or fe- 6m male. ILLINOIS Citizens of Unitedly. States. INDIANA Citizens, or aliens who 6 m have declared intention and re- sided 1 year in United States. IOWA Citizens of United States. KANSAS Citizens; aliens who 6m have declared intention: women vote at municipal and school elections. KENTUCKY Citizens of United States. LOUISIANA Citizens who are 2y able to read and write, who own $300 worth of property or whose father or grandfather was en- titled to vote Jan. 1, 1867. MAINE Citizens of the United 3 m States. MARYLAND Citizens of United ly States who can read. MASSACHUSETTS-Citizenswho ly can read and write English. MICHIGAN Citizens, or aliens 6m who declared intention prior to May 8, 1892. MINNESOTA - Citizens of the 6m United States. MISSISSIPPI Citizens who can 2y. read or understand the constitu tion. MISSOURI Citizens,or aliens who 1 y have declared intention not less than 1 nor more than 5 years before offering to vote. MONTANA Citizens of U.S ly. NEBRASKA Citizens, or aliens 6 who have declared intention 30 days before election. NEVADA - Citizens of United 6m States. NEW HAMPSHIRE-Citizens of 6 m United States. NEW JERSEY-Citizens of Unit- ly. ed States. NEW YORK-Citizens who have been such for 90 days. NORTH CAROLINA-Citizens of 2 y United States who can read. PREVIOUS RESIDENCE REQUIRED. 3 m Yes 30d30dNo. 90d30dlOdYes 5m iOd 30 d 30 d 30 d Yes. 30d60d30dNo Od 30dJOdlOd iOcl 30d30d WdSOdSOd 8m... 30 d Yes Od Yes. No.. 50 d Yes OdYes. es. 1 d. Yes. Yes. JO d 20 d 20 d Yes. Od IOd iO d 30 d Yes UdlOd Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Yes. Vo- m Yes (d) Yes. (ft) e.s. Yes Yes. Idiots, insane, convicts until pardoned, nonpay- ment of poll tax. Chinese, insane, embezzlers of public moneys, convicts. Yes. Yes. es. Yes. Excluded from voting. tf convicted of treason, embezzlement of public funds, malfeasance in office or other peniten- tiary offenses, idiots or insane. Persons under guardianship, insane, idiots, pris- oners convicted of bribery Convicted of felony or other infamous crime unless pardoned. Insane, idiots, felons, paupers. Arsons not registered, insane or under guard- an, felons, convicts. Persons convicted of crimes punishable by im- Tisomnent, insane, delinquent taxpayers. Chinese, Indians, insane, felons, polygamists. bigamists, traitors, bribers. Convicts of penitentiary until pardoned. Yes. Convicts and persons disqualified by judgment of a court, United States soldiers, marines and ailors. Yes. Idiots, insane, convicts. Tes. Insane, persons under guardianship, convicts, bribers, defrauders of the government and per- sons dishonorably discharged from service of Jnited States. No.. Treason, felony, bribery, idiots, insane. No.. Idiots, insane, all crimes punishable by impris- onment, embezzling public funds unless pardoned. 5Tes. Paupers, persons under guardianship, Indians not taxed. Persons convicted of larceny or other infamous rime, persons under guardianship, insane, idiots. Paupers (except United States soldiers), persons under guardianship. Indians holding tribal relations, duelists and heir abettors. Yes. Treason, felony unless pardoned, insane, persons under guardianship, uncivilized Indians, nsane, idiots, felons, delinquent taxpayers. 3 aupers, persons convicted of felony or other nfamous crime or misdemeanor or violating ight of suffrage, unless pardoned; second con- viction disfranchises, ndians. felons, idiots, insane. Jjunatics, persons convicted of treason or felony unless pardoned, United States soldiers and sailors. nsane, idiots, convicted of treason or felony, un- mnestied confederates against the United States, ndians and Chinese. m Yes. Yes. Paupers (except honorably discharged soldiers), persons excused from paying taxes at their own . . . Yes. Yes. pliupers. insane, idiots and persons convicted o crimes which exclude them from being wituesse unless pardoned. 4 m 30 d 30 d Yes. Yes. Convicted of bribery or any infamous crime unless pardoned, betters on result of election, bribers for votes and the bribed. L Yes. No.. Idiots, lunatics, convicted of felony or other infa- mous crimes, atheists. (a) Registration required in some counties, (b) In all cities, (c) In the cities of first, second and third class. (tZ) Required in cities of 1.200 inhabitants or over, (e) In cities of 100.000 population or over. DECEASED WIPE'S SISTER LAW. QUALIFICATIONS FOR SUFFRAGE. CONTINUED. : PREVIOUS RESIDENCE " Q REQUIREMENTS REQUIRED. 4^ 1 POK VOTERS IN THE +J I o Excluded from VARIOUS STATES. | "c i H to s voting. 1 8 i I I "3 8 NORTH DAKOTA Citizens, or aliens who have declared inten- iy. ; 111 )0 d (a) Yes Felons, idiots, convicts unless pardoned, United States soldiers and sailors. tion 1 year and not more than prior to election, and civilized Indians. OHIO - Citizens of the United iy. Wd 20 d -.'0 cl (ft) Yes Idiots, insane, United States soldiers and sailors, States. felons unless restored to citizenship. OKLAHOMA - Citizens of the iy. m :d >0d Yes. Felons, paupers, idiots and lunatics. United States and native Indians OREGON White male citizens. t; in . . . . No.. Yes tdiots, insane, convicted felons, Chinese, United or aliens who have declared in- States soldiers and sailors. tention 1 year before election. PENNSYLVANIA Citizens at least 1 month, and if 22 years old iy. 2m Yes. Yes Persons convicted of some offense forfeiting right of suffrage, nontaxpayers. must have paid tax within 2 yrs. RHODE ISLAND - Citizens Of 2y. Om (O Yes Paupers, lunatics, idiots. convicted of bribery orin- United States. famous crime until restored. SOUTH CAROLINA-Citizens of 2y. iy. 4m 4m Yes. No.. Paupers, insane, idiots, convicted of treason, duel- United States who can read. ing or other infamous crime. SOUTH DAKOTA Citizens, or aliens who have declared inten- I! in 50 cl IOd IOd (d) Yes Persons under guardian, idiots, insane, convicted of treason or felony unless pardoned. tion. TEXNESSEE-Citizens who have paid poll tax preceding year. TEXAS Citizens, or aliens who iy. iy. im im tjru (e) (/) Yes. Yes. Convicted of bribery or other infamous crime, fail- ure to pay poll tax. Idiots, lunatics, paupers, convicts, United States have declared intention (3 months soldiers and sailors. before election. UTAH Citizens of United States. 1 V 4m iOd Idiots, insane, convicted of treason or violation of male or female. * election laws. VERMONT -Citizens of United States. VIRGINIA Citizens of United iy. 2y. im i y. im i y. > m iOd Yes. Yes. Yes. No. Unpardoned convicts, deserters from United Status service during the war, ex-confederates, idiots, lunatics, convicts unless pardoned by the States of good understanding legislature. who have paid poll tax for three years and all ex-soldiers. WASHINGTON Citizens of Unit- ed States. ly- <0d Md 30d Yes Indians not taxed. WEST VIRGINIA - Citizens of 1 V Vi d IOd No.. Yes. :*aupers. idiots, lunatics, convicts, bribers, United the state. states soldiers and sailors. WISCONSIN Citizens, or aliens ly. IOd Od Od (a) Yes. Insane, under guardian, convicts unless pardoned. who have declared intention. t WYOMING Citizens, male or fe- iy. d 10 cl Od Yes. Yes. Idiots, insane, felons, unable to read the state con- male. stitution. (a) In cities of 3,000 pppulation or over, (ft) In cities of not less than 9,000 inhabitants, (c) Nontaxpayers must register yearly before Dec. 31. (d) In towns hav- ing 1,000 voters and counties where registration has been adopted by popular vote, (e) All counties hav- ing 50,000 inhabitants or over. (/) In cities of 10,000 or over. In a more or less limited form, relating to taxation and school matters, woman suffrage exists in Arizona, California-, Delaware, Idaho Illinois, Indiana. Kan- sas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon. South Dakota- Texas, Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin. PASSPORTS. Passports are issued to citizens of the United States upon application to the state department in Washington. The application must be accom- panied by an affidavit, attested by a notary pub- lic or other officer empowered to administer oaths, stating that the applicant is a citizen and, giving the place of birth and age. and it must be ac- companied by the certificate of one other citizen to whom he is personally known that the declara- tion made by the applicant is true. The application must also be accompanied by a description of the person, particularly as to age, height, complexion, forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, chin, hair and face. Blank forms are furnished by the state depart- ment upon application. The fee for each passport is $1. Citizens traveling abroad may also obtain passports by applying to United- States ambassa- dors and ministers. Where any person has made a declaration of intention to become a citizen of the United States and has resided in the United States for three years a passport valid for six months may be issued to him. This passport is not renewable and does not entitle the holder to the protection of this government in the country of which he was originally a citizen. WOMAN STJFFRAGE IN NORWAY. In June, 1907, the storthing of Norway passed an amendment to the constitution giving women over 25 years of age the right to vote in national elec- tions, beginning in 1909. The only qualification re- quired for a woman to vote is that she. or her hus- band, if she is married, pays taxes on an annual income of $133 in the cities or $84 in the country. DECEASED WIFE'S SISTER LAW. The The bill legalizing marriage with a deceased i house of lords Aug. 26 and became a law wife's sister passed its final stages in the English I measure had been bitterly fought for many years 74 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. THE SHERMAN ANTITRUST LAW. Passed by the 51st congress Section 1. Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy in re- straint of trade or commerce among the several states or with foreign nations, is hereby declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any such contract or engage in any such combination or conspiracy shall be deemed guilty of a misde- meanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be pun ished by fine not exceeding $5,000 or by imprison- ment not exceeding one year, or by both said pun- ishments, in the discretion of the court. Sec. 2. Every person who shall monopolize or attempt to monopolize or combine or conspire with any person or persons to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several states or with foreign nations shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by fine not exceeding $5,000 or by im- prisonment not exceeding one year, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court. Sec. 3. Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy in restraint of trade or commerce in any territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or in re- straint of trade or commerce between any such territory and another, 01 between any such territory or territories and any state or states or the District of Columbia or with foreign nations, 01 between the District of Columbia and any state or states or foreign nations, is hereby declared illegal. Every person who shall make any such contract or engage in any such combination or conspiracy shall be deemed guilty of a misdemean- or, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by fine not exceeding $5,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court. Sec. 4. The several Circuit courts of the United States are hereby invested with jurisdiction to prevent or restrain violations of this act; and it shall be the duty of the several district attorneys of the United States, in their respective districts, under the direction of the attorney-general, to in- stitute proceedings in equity to prevent and re- strain such violations. Such proceedings may be by way of petition setting forth the case and pray- and approved July 2, 1890. ing that such violation shall be enjoined or other- wise prohibited. When the parties complained of shall have been duly notified of such petition the court shall proceed, as soon as may be, to the hearing and determination of the case; and pend- ing such petition and before final decree the court may at any time make such temporary restraining order or prohibition as shall be deemed just in the premises. Sec. 5. Whenever it shall appear to the court before which any proceeding under section 4 of this act may be pending that the ends of justice require that other parties should be brought be- fore the court, the court may cause them to be summoned, whether they reside in the district in which the court is held or not; and subpoenas to that end may be served in any district by the marshal thereof. Sec. 6. Any property owned under any contract or by any combination or pursuant to any con- spiracy (and being the subject thereof) mentioned in section 1 of this act and being in the course of transportation from one state to another or to a foreign country shall be forfeited to the United States and may be seized and condemned by like proceedings as those provided by law for the forfeiture, seizure and condemnation of prop- erty imported into the United States contrary to law. Sec. 7. Any person who shall be injured in his business or property by any other person or cor- poration by reason of anything forbidden or de- clared unlawful by this act may sue therefor in any Circuit court of the United States in the dis- trict in which the defendant resides or is found, without respect to the amount in controversy, and shall recover threefold the damages by him sustained and the cost of suit, including a reason- able attorney's fee. Sec. 8. That the word "person" or "persons" wherever used in this act be deemed to include corporations and associations existing under or authorized by the laws of either the United States, the laws of any of the territories, the laws of any state or the laws of any foreign country. UNITED STATES RECLAMATION PROJECTS. 3,500,000 20,000,000 6,000,000 5,200,000 1,800,000 Estimated Project. cost. Arizona Salt river $5,300,000 Little Colorado* 4,000,000 Arizona and California Yuma. California Sacramento valley*. San Joaquin valley* Colorado Uncompahgre Idaho Minidoka Payette, Boise 1,605,000 Dubois* 4,000,000 Kansas Garden City 260,000 Montana Milk river 1,500,000 Huntley 900,000 Sun river 500,000 Lake basin* 12,000,000 Nebraska and Wyoming North Platte 4,000,000 Nevada Truckee, Carson 4,000,000 New Mexico Hondo 336.000 Carlsbad 600,000 Rio Grande 200,000 Las Vegas* 1,500,000 Urton lake* 2,000,000 North Dakota and Montana Lower Yellowstone 2,700,000 North Dakota Buford, Nelliston, Williston, Nesson 1,270,000 Acres re- claimed. 200,000 100,000 500,000 200,000 150,000 120,000 100,000 8,000 40,000 33,000 16,000 300,000 110,000 200,000 10,000 20.000 15,000 35,000 35,000 40,000 Estimated Project. cost. Oklahoma Red river* $4,000.000 Oregon and California Klamath 2,400,000 Oregon Umatilla John Day river South Dakota Belle Fourche.. Utah Strawberry valley Weber* Washington Okanogan Tieton Sunnyside 2,000.000 Wapato 600.000 Shoshone 3,500,000 Priest rapids* 2,000,000 Wyoming Goshen Hole* 4,000,000 1,100,000 10,000,000 3,000,000 1,850,000 5,000,000 500,000 1,400,000 Acres re- claimed. 100,000 50,000 18,000 200.000 100,000 35,000 100,000 9,000 24,000 40.000 20,000 100,000 50,000 120,000 Total $124,521,000 3,418,000 *Under consideration. In addition to the above projects are under con- sideration for reclamations by means of the Col- orado river in Colorado, Utah, California and Arizona to cost $40,000,000, and by means of the Walker and Humboldt rivers in Nevada to cost $15,000,000. The total estimated cost of the work completed or under way in 1907 was $50,121,000, and the acreage to be irrigated was 1.598,000. MIDSHIPMEN DROWNED IN HAMPTON ROADS. Six midshipmen, a boatswain and four sailors were drowned shortly after midnight June 11, 1907, in Hampton roads while returning from a visit to the Jamestown exposition. The men were in a steam launch and were on their way to the battle ship Minnesota. The launch was upset by run- ning into a steel towing hawser. The midshipmen were recent graduates of the naval academy. WORK OF THE 59TH CONGRESS. 73 WORK OF THE 59T^ CONGRESS-SECOND SESSION. Session began Dec. ,3, 1906; ended March 4, 1907. Total appropriations, $919,948,679.63. Age disability pension bill passed by senate Jan. 11, 1907; bv house ^eb. 5, 1907; approved Feb. 6, 1907. Christopher Columbus memorial bill passed by sen- ate March 3. 1!)07; by house same date; ap- proved March 4, 1907. Denatured alcohol bill passed by house Feb 7, 1907; by sente March 1, 11'07; approved March 2, 1907. Expatriation bill passed by house Jan. 21, 1907; by senate March 1. 1907; approved March 2, 1907. (See "Citizenship in the United States.") Foundation for promotion of industrial peace bill passed by senate Feb. 27, 1907; by house March 1, 1907; approved March 2, 1907. Immigration bill passed (at first session) by sen- ate May 23, 1906; by house June 25, 1906; agreed to in conference at second session and approved Feb. 20, 1907. Philippine agricultural bank bill passed by senate Feb. 25, 1907; by house March 3, 1907; approved March 4, 1907. Political contributions by corporations bill passed by senate June 9, 1908 (first session); by house Jan. 21, 1907; approved Jan. 26, 1907. Railway employes' sixteen-hours bill passed by senate Jan. 10, 1907; by house Feb. 23, 1907; approved March 4. 1907. Special delivery stamp bill passed by house Feb. 18, 1907; by senate March 1, 1907; approved March 2, 1907. Writs of error in criminal cases bill passed by senate Feb. 13. 1907; by house on same date. (For work of first session of 59th congress, seo The Daily News Almanac and Year-Book for 1907, page 167.) SALARIES OF CONGRESSMEN. On and after Mtrch 4, 1907, the compensation of the speaker of the nous 3 of representatives, the vice-president of the United States and the heads of executive departments who are members of the president's cabinet shall be at the rate of $12,000 per annum each, and the compensation of senators, representatives in congress, delegates from terri- tories -md resident commissioner from Porto Rico shall ho at the rate of $7,500 per annum each. (Sec. 4 of the legislative, executive and judicial appropriation bill, approved Feb. 26, 1907.) SPECIAL, DELIVEFvY STAMPS. After July 1, 1907, when in addition to the stamps required to transmit any letter or package of mail matter through the mails there shall be attached to the envelope or covering 10 cents' worth of ordinary stamps of any denomination, with the ttords "special delivery" or their equivalent writ- ten or printed on the envelope or covering, the said letter or package shall be delivered in all re- spects a? though it bore a regulation "special de- livery" stamp. CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS MEMORIAL. There shall be erected in the city of Washing- ton, D. C., a suitable memorial to Christophe'r Co- lumbus, for which $100,000 is appropriated. For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of the act a commission, consisting of the chairman of the senate committee on library of the 59th con- gress, the chairman of the committee on library of the house of representatives of the 59th congress, the secretary of state, the secretary of war and the supreme knight of the Order of the Knights of Columbus, shall be created with full authority to select a site and design and superintend the con- struction of the memorial. AGE DISABILITY PENSIONS. Any person who served ninety days or more in the army or navy of the United States in the civil w.ir or sixty days in the war with Mexico, who has reached the age of 62 years or over, shall be entitled to receive a pension as follows: In case such person has reached the age of 62 years, $12 per month; 70 years, $15; 75 years or over, $20. Rank in service will not be considered in applica- tions filed under this act. Persons now receiving pensions and who are eligible may apply under the new law, but no person receiving a greater pen- sion under any other law than he would be enti- tled to under this act shall be pensionable under its provisions. Double pensions are prohibited. PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL BANK. For the purpose of aiding in the establishment and operation of an agricultural bank in the Phil- ippines, the Philippine commission is empowered to guarantee an income of not exceeding 4 per cent per annum upon cash capital invested in it. The guaranty shall be made to a company organized under the laws of the Philippine islands, with its principal ollices in Manila. The bank shall not grant loans except to those engaged in agriculture and for the sole purpose of assisting agriculture in the islands. No loan exceeding $5,000 shall be made except upon the written authoritv of the secretary of finance and justice of the islands. Interest on loans shall not exceed 10 per cent per annum. POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS BY CORPORA- TIONS. It shall be unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation organized by authority of any laws of congress, to make <\ money contribution in con- nection with any election to any political office. It shall also be unlawful for any corporation what- ever to make a ni ;ney contribution in connection with any election at which presidential and vice- presidential electors or a representative in con- gress is to be voted for or any election by any state legislature of a United States senator. Every corporation violating this law shall be subject to a fine not exceeding $5,000, and any director or of- ficer of any corporation who shall consent to such contribution shall upon conviction be fined not more than $1,000 nor less than $250, or by impris- onment for not more than one year, or by both fine and imprisonment. DENATURED ALCOHOL. Notwithstanding anything contained in the act entitled "An act for the withdrawal from bond tax free of domestic alcohol when rendered unfit for beverage or liquid medicinal uses by mixture with suitable denaturing materials," approved June 7, 1906, domestic alcohol when suitably denatured may he withdrawn from bond without the payment of internal-revenue tax and used in the manufac- ture of ether and chloroform and other definite chemical substances where the alcohol is changed into some other chemical substance and does not appear in the finished product as alcohol. Rum of not less than 150 degrees proof may be withdrawn f or decaturation only in accordance with the provi- sions of the act of June 7, 1906. and of this" act. The act provides for the establishment under the supervision of the commissioner of internal rev- enue of central denaturing bonded warehouses. WRITS OF ERROR IN CRIMINAL CASES. A writ of error may be taken by the United States from the District or Circuit courts direct to the Supreme court of the United States in all crim- inal cases in the following instances: . From a decision or judgment quashing, setting aside or sustaining a demurrer to any indictment or to any count thereof, where such decision or judgment* is based upon the invalidity or construc- tion of the statute upon which the indictment is founded. From a decis:on arresting a Judgment of convic- tion for insiifflnoncy of the indictment, whor" snoli decision is based upon the invalidity or construe- 76 CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. tion of the statute upon which the indictment is founded. From the decision or judgment sustaining a spe- cial plea in bar, when the defendant has not been put in jeopardy. The writ of err6r in all such cases shall be taken within thirty days and shall have precedence over all other cases. No such writ of error shall be al- lowed the United States where there has been a verdict in favor of the defendant. HOURS OF WORK FOR RAILWAY EMPLOYES. It shall be unlawful for any common carrier in any territory or the District of Columbia, or en- gaged in interstate commerce, to require or permit any employe to remain on duty longer than sixteen consecutive hours, and whenever he shall have been on duty for that length of time he shall be relieved and not be permitted to resume work until he has had at least ten consecutive hours off duty; and no such employe who has been on duty sixteen hours in the aggregate in any twenty-four-hour period shall be allowed again to go on duty with- out having had at least eight consecutive hours off duty. No operator, train dispatcher or other em- ploye who by the use of the telegraph dispatches, reports, transmits, receives or delivers orders per- taining to the movements of trains shall be per- mitted to remain on duty more than nine hours in any twenty-four-hour period in towers, offices and stations .operated night and day, nor more than thirteen hours in places operated only in the day- time, except that in cases of emergency employes may remain on duty for four additional hours in the twenty-foui on not exceeding three days in any week. The provisions in the act shall not apply in any case of unavoidable accident nor to the crews of wrecking or relief trains. The penalty for each violation of the law is a fine of not ex- ceeding $500. FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION OF IN- DUSTRIAL PEACE. Trustees Chief Justice Melville W. Fuller, presi- dent; Seth Low of New York, representing the general public, treasurer; John Mitchell of the United Mine Workers of America, representing labor, secret-iry; Thomas G. Bush of Birming- ham, Ala., representing general public; Marvin A. Hughirt, representing capital, and Secretaries Jimes Wilson and Oscar Solomon Straus. Industrial Peace Committee Archbishop John Ire- land, Marcus M. Marks of New York, Ralph M. Easley of New York, Elbert H. Gary, chairman . finance committee United States Steel .Corpora- tion; Lucius Tnttle, president of Boston & Maine railroad; J. Gunby Jordan of Columbus, Ga.; Samuel Gompers, president of the American Fed- eration of Labor: Daniel Keefe, president of the Longshoremen's association, and Warren S. Stone, president International Brotherhood of Locomo- tive Engineers. . The origin and purpose of the "Foundation for the Promotion of Industrial Peace" are fully shown in f he following bill passed by congres's March 2, 1JH)7: Whereas, Alfred Bernard Nobel of the city of Stockholm, in the kingdom of Sweden, having by his last will and testament provided that the residue of his estate shall constitute a fund the income from which shall be annually awarded in prizes to those persons who have during the year contributed most materially to benefit mankind, and having further provided that one share of said income shall be awarded to the person who shall have most or best promoted the fraternity of na- tions and the abolishment or diminution of stand- ing armies and the formation and increase of peace congresses; and, Whereas, the Norwegian parliament having, un- der the terms of said foundation, elected a com- mittee for the distribution of the peace prize, and this committee having in the year 1906 awarded the aforesaid prize to Thecdore Roosevelt, presi- dent of the United States, for his services in be- half of the peace of the world; and, Whereas, the president desiring that this award shall form the nucleus of a fund the income of whi'.-h shall be expended for bringing together in conference at the city of Washington, especially during the sessions of congress, representatives of labor aud capital for die purpose of discussing in- dustrial problems, with the \iew of arriving at a better understanding between employers and em ployes, and thus promoting industrial peace; therefore, Be it enacted, etc.. That the chief justice of the United States, the secretary of agriculture, and the secretary of commerce and labor, and their successors in office, together with a representative of labor and a representative of capital and two persons to represent the general public, to be ap- pointed by the president of the United States, are hereby created trustees of an establishment by the name of the Foundation for the Promotion of In- dustrial Peace, with authority to receive the Nobel peace nrize awarded to the president and by him devoted to this foundation, and to administer it in accordance with the purposes herein defined. Any vacancies occurring in the number of trustees shall be filled in like manner by appointment by the president of the United States. Sec. 2. That it shall be the duty of the trustees herein mentioned to invest and reinvest the prin- cipal of this foundation, to receive any additions which may come to it by gift, bequest, or devise, and to invest and reinvest the same; and to pay over the income from the foundation and its addi- tions, or such part thereof as they may from time to time apportion, to a committee of nine persons, to be known as "the industrial peace committee," to be selected by the trustees, three members of which committee shall serve for the period of one year, three members for the period of two years, and three members for the period of three years; three members of this committee to be representa tives of labor, three to be representatives of capi tal, each chosen for distinguished services in the industrial world in promoting righteous industrial peace, and three members to represent the general public. Any vacancies which may occur in this committee shall be filled by selection and appoint- ment in the manner prescribed for the original appointment of the committee, and when the com- mittee has first been fully selected and appointed each member thereafter appointed shall serve for a period of three years or the unexpired portion of such term. Sec. 3. That the industrial peace committee herein constituted shall arrange for an annual con- ference in the city of Washington, D. C., of rep- resentatives of labor and capital for the purpose of discussing industrial problems, with the -view of arriving at a better understanding between em- ployers and employes; it shall call special con- ferences in case of great industrial crises and at such other times as may be deemed advisable, and take such other steps as in its discretion will pro- mote the general purposes of the foundation; sub- ject, however, to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the trustees. The committee jshall receive suggestions for the subjects to be discussed at the annual or other conferences and be charged with the conduct of the proceedings at such con- ferences. The committee shall also arrange for the publication of the results of the annual and spe- cial conferences. Sec. 4. That all expenditures authorized by the trustees shall be paid exclusively from the accrued income ^nd not from the principal of the founda- tion. Sec. 5. Tim the trustees herein named are au- thorized to hold roal and personal estate in the District of Columbia to an amount not exceeding $3,000,000, and to use and dispose of the same for the purposes of this foundation. Sec. (5. That the principal office of the founda- tion shall be located in the District of Columbia, but offices may be maintained and meetings of the trustees and committees may be held in other places, to be provided for in by-laws to be adopted from time to time by the trustees, for the proper executirn of the purposes of the foundation. Sec. 7. That the Forndation for the Promotion of Industrial Pence is hereby authorized and em- powered, at its discretion, to co-operate with anv WORK OF THE! 59TII CONGRESS. institutions or societies having similar or like pur- poses. Sec. 8. That this act shall take effect imme- diately on its passage. IMMIGRATION LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. The immigration law as revised by the 59th con- gress provides for a poll tax of $4 for every alien entering the United States. This tax is not levied upon aliens who shall outer the United States after an uninterrupted residence of at least one year, immediately preceding such entrance, in Canada, Newfoundland, Cuba or Mexico, nor upon aliens in transit through the United States, nor upon aliens arriving in Guam, Porto Rico Or Hawaii. The money collected from poll taxes is to go into the treasury and constitute a permanent appropriation for defraying the expenses of regulating immi- gration. Whenever the president shall be satisfied that passports issued by any foreign government to its citizens to go to any country other than the United States or to <*ny insular possession of the United States, or to the canal zone, are being used for the purpose of enabling the holders to come to the continental territory of the United States to the detriment of labor conditions therein, the president may refuse to permit such citizens of the country issuing such passports to enter the continental ter- ritory of the United States from such other coun- try or t'rom sv.ch insular possessions or from the canal zone. [This paragraph was designed to pre- vent the landing of Japanese laborers on the Pa- cific coast from the Hawaiian islands.] CLASSES EXCLUDED. The following classes are excluded from ad- mission into the United States: All idiots, im- beciles, feeble-minded persons, epileptics, insane persons and persons who have been insane within five years; persons who have had two or more at- tacks of insanity at any time previously; pau- pers; persons likely to become a public charge; professional beggars; persons afflicted with tuber- culosis or with a loathsome or dangeroris con- tagious disease; persons who have committed a felony or other crime involving moral turpitude; polygamists or persons who believe in the prac- tice "of polygamy; anarchists or persons who be- lieve in or advocate the overthrow by force or violence of the government of the United States, or of all governments, or of all forms of law, or the assassination of public officials; prostitutes, or women and girls coming into the United States for any immoral purpose; contract laborers who have been induced to migrate to this country by offers of -employment or in consequence of agree- ments of any kind, verbal or written, express or implied, to perform labor in this country of any kind, skilled or unskilled; any person whose tick- et or passage is paid for with the money of an- other, or who is assisted by others to come, unless it is satisfactorily shown that such person does not belong to one of the foregoing excluded classes and that said ticket or passage was not paid for by any corporation, society, municipality or for- eign government, directly or indirectly; all chil- dren under 16 years of age unaccompanied by one or both of their parents, at the discretion of the secretary of commerce and labor. Nothing in the act shall exclude, if otherwise admissible, persons convicted of an offense purely political, not in- volving moral turpitude. Skilled labor may be imported if labor of like kind unemployed cannot be found in this country. The provisions of the law applicable to contract labor shall not be held to exclude professional actors, artists, lecturers, singers, clergymen,, professors for colleges or sem- inaries, persons belonging to any recognized learned profession or persons employed strictly as per- sonal or domestic servants. It is unlawful to assist or encourage the im- portation or migration of any alien by promise of employment through advertisements printed in any foreign country. This, however, does not ap- ply to states or territories advertising the in- ducements they offer to immigration thereto. All aliens brought to this country in violation of law shall be immediately sent back to the owners of the vessels bringing them. Any alien entering the United States in violation of law and such as become public charges from causes existing prior to their landing, shall be deported at any time within three years after their arrival. ANARCHISTS NOT ADMITTED. No person who disbelieves in or who is opposed to all organized government, or who is a mem- ber of or affiliated with any organization enter- taining and teaching such belief in or opposition to all organized government, or who advocates or teaches the duty, necessity or propriety of tne unlawful assaulting or killing of any officer or officers, either of specific individuals or of of- ficers generally, of the government of the United States, or of any other organized government, be- cause of his or their official character, shall be permitted to enter the United States or any ter- ritory or place subject to the jurisdiction thereof. COMMISSION OF INVESTIGATION. Section 39 of the act creates a commission con- sisting of three senators, three members of the house of representatives and three persons to be appointed by the president of the United States. This commission is to make full inquiry by sub- committee or otherwise into the subject of im- migration. It is authorized to send for persons or papers, travel in the United States or in foreign countries, examine witnesses and to employ the necessary clerical help. It shall report to con- gress the conclusions reached by it and make such recommendations as it may deem proper. The president is also authorized in the name of the United States to call, in his discretion, an international conference, to assemble at such point as may be agreed upon, or to send special commissioners to any foreign country, for the pur- pose of regulating by international agreement, subject to the advice and consent of the senate of the United States, the immigration of aliens to the United States; of providing for the men- tal, moral and physical examination of such aliens by American consuls or other officers of the gov- ernment at the ports of embarkation or else- where; of 'securing the assistance of foreign goy ernments in their own territories to prevent the evasion of the laws of the United States govern- ing immigration to the United States; of entering into such international agreements as may be prop- er to prevent the immigration of aliens who, under the laws of the United States, are or may be excluded, and of regulating any matters pertain- ing to such immigration. [Under this section the following commissioners were appointed in March, 1907: Senators William P. Dillingham of Vermont, Henry Cabot Lodge of Massachusetts and Asbury C. Latimer of South Carolina, to represent the senate; Representatives B. F. Howell of New Jersey, A. P, Gardner of Massachusetts and J. L. Burnett of Alabama, to represent the house of representatives, and La- bor Commissioner Charles P. Niell of Texas, Prof. Jeremiah W. Jenks of Cornell university, New York, and' Ira E. Bennett of California, to rep- resent the country at large.] DIVISION OF INFORMATION. Authority is given the commissioner-general of immigration to establish under the control of the secretary of commerce and labor a division of information in the bureau of immigration and naturalization, the duty of which shall oe to promote a beneficial distribution of aliens admit- ted into the United States among the several states and territories desiring immigration. Cor- respondence shall be had with the proper officials of the states and territories and the division shall gather from all available sources useful informa- tion regarding the resources, products and phys- ical characteristics of each state and territory and shall publish such information in different languages and distribute the publications among all admitted aliens who shall ask for such infor- mation at the immigrant stations. State or territorial agents may, under regulations pre- scribed by the commissioner of immigration, be admitted to such stations for the purpose of pre- senting the inducements of the respective states and territories to aliens to settle therein. CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1008. UNITED STATES CIVIL SERVICE. Civil-service act approved Jan. 16, 1883. Officers Three commissioners are appointed by the president to assist him in classifying the gov- ernment offices and positions, formulating rules and enforcing the law. Their office is in Washing- ton, D. C. The chief examiner is appointed by the commissioners to secure accuracy, uniformity and justice in the proceedings of the examining boards. The secretary to the commission is ap- pointed by the president. General Rules The fundamental rules governing appointments to government positions are found in the civil-service act itself. Based upon these are many other regulations formulated by the commis- sion and promulgated by the president from time to time as new contingencies arise. The present rules were approved March 20, 1903, and went into effect April 15, 1903. In a general way they require that there must be free, open exam- inations of applicants for positions in the public service; that appointments shall be made from those graded highest in the examinations; that ap- pointments to the service in Washington shall be apportioned among the states and territories ac- cording to population; that there shall be a pe- riod (six months) of probation before any absolute appointment is made; that no person in the public service is for that reason obliged to contribute to any political fund or is subject to dismissal for refusing to so contribute; that no person in the public service has any right to use his official authority or influence to coerce the political action of any person. Applicants for positions shall not be questioned as to their political or religious be- liefs and no discrimination shall be exercised against or in favor of any applicant or employe on account of his religion or politics. The classified civil service shall include all officers and employes in the executive civil service of the United States except laborers and persons whose appointments are subject to confirmation by the senate. Examinations These are conducted by boards of examiners chosen from among persons in govern- ment employ and are held twice a year in all the states and territories at convenient places. In Illi- nois, for example, they are usually held at Cairo, Chicago and Peoria. The dates are announced through the newspapers or by other means. They can always be learned by applying to the commis- sion or to the nearest postoffice or custom house. Those who desire to take examination are advised to write to the commission in Washington for the "Manual of Examinations," which is sent free to all applicants. It is revised semiannually to Jan. 1 and July 1. The January edition contains a sched- ule of the spring examinations and the July edi- tion contains a schedule of the fall examinations. Full information is given as to the methods and rules governing examinations, manner of making application, qualifications required, regulations for rating examination papers, certification for and chances of appointment, and as far as possible it outlines the scope of the different subjects of gen- eral and technical examinations. These are prac- tical. in character and are designed to test the rel- ative capacity and fitness to discharge the duties to be performed. It is necessary to obtain an aver- age percentage of 70 to be eligible for appoint ment, except that applicants entitled to preference because of honorable discharge from the military or naval service for disability resulting from wounds or sickness incurred in the line of duty need obtain but 65 per cent. The period of eligi- bility is one year. Qualifications of Applicants No person will be examined who is not a citizen of the United States; who is not within the age limitations pre- scribed; who is physically disqualified for the serv- ice which he seeks; who has been guilty of crimi- nal, infamous, dishonest or disgraceful conduct; who has been dismissed from the public service for delinquency and misconduct or has failed to receive absolute appointment after probation; who is addicted to the habitual use of intoxicating liquors to excess, or who has made a false state- ment in his application. The age limitations in the more important branches of the public service are: Postoffice, 18 to 45 years; rural letter car- riers, 17 to 55; internal revenue, 21 years and over; railway mail, 18 to 35; lighthouse, 18 to 50; life saving, 18 to 45; general departmental, 20 and over. These age limitations are subject to change by the commission. They do not apply to applicants of the preferred class. Applicants for the position of railway mail clerk must be at least 5 feet 6 inches in height, exclusive of boots or shoes, and weigh not less than 135 pounds in ordi- nary clothing and have no physical defects. Ap- plicants for certain other positions have to come up to similar physical requirements. Method of Appointment Whenever a vacancy ex- ists the appointing officer makes requisition upon the civil-service commission for a certification of names to fill the vacancy, specifying the kind of position vacant, the sex desired and the salary. The commission thereupon takes from the proper register of eligibles the names of three persons standing highest of the sex called for and certifies them to the appointing officer, who is required to make the selection. He may choose any one of the three names, returning the other two to the register to await further certification. The time of examination is not considered, as the highest in average percentage on the register must be cer- tified first. If after a probationary period of six months the name of the appointee is continued on the roll of the department in which he serves the appointment is considered absolute. Removals No person can be removed from a competitive position except for such cause as will promote the efficiency of the public service and for reasons given in writing. No examination of wit- nesses nor any trial shall be required except In the discretion of the officer making the removal. Salaries Entrance to the departmental service is . usually in the lowest grades, the higher grades be- ing generally filled by promotion. The usual en- trance grade is about $900, but the applicant may be appointed at $840, $760 or even $600. TRIAL OF WILL J. DAVIS FOR IROQTJOIS FIRE. Will J. Davis, theater manager, was indicted with others Feb. 20. 1904, for involuntary man- slaughter in connection with the burning of the Iroquois theater in Chicago, Dec. 30, 1903. in which 596 persons lost their lives. Feb. 9, 1905, the In- dictment was quashed by Judge Kersten of Cook county and Judge Green of Peoria county, but a new indictment was returned by the grand jury March 4 of the same year. Jan. 23, 1906, Judge Kavanagh denied a motion to quash the indict- ment, and June 14 Judge Ben M. Smith granted a change of venue. Oct. 8 Judge Smith decided that the case should be tried at Danville. 111. After some postponements the trial began before Judge E. R. E. Kimbrough in that city March 3. 1907. A jury was .secured March 5, but the claim was set up by the defense that the Chicago build- ing ordinance under which the indictment was brought was defective, and, the judge taking the same view, no testimony was taken, and on March 9 the jury, by direction of the court, gave a ver- dict of not guilty. SHEA CONSPIRACY TRIALS. Cornelius P. Shea and others were charged with conspiracy in connection with the teamsters' strike in Chicago in May, 1905. They were indicted June 28 the same year and reindicted July 25. 1906. The first trial began Sept. 13, 1906, and ended Jan. 19, 1907, in a disagreement. The second trial began Feb. 3 and ended Feb. 21, 1907, in acquittal. It took ninety days to get the first jury and four- teen to get the second, more than 5,000 talesmen being examined. The estimated cost of the two trials to the county was $45.000. PARTY LINES IN CONGRESS SINCE 1879. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE ON SHIP SUBSIDIES. Sent to congress To the Senate and House of Representatives: I call your attention to the great desirability of enacting legislation to help American shipping and American trade by encouraging the building and running of lines of large and swift steamers to South America and the orient. The urgent need of our country's making an effort to do something like its share of its own carrying trade on the ocean has been called to our attention in striking fashion by the experiences of Secretary Root on his recent South American tour. The re- sult of these experiences he has set forth in his address before the trans-Mississippi commercial congress at Kansas City, Mo., on Nov. 20 last an address so important that it deserves the careful study of all public men. The facts set forth by Mr. Root are striking, and they cannot but arrest the attention of our people. The great continent to the south of us, which should be knit to us by the closest commercial ties, is hard- ly in direct commercial communication with us at all. its commercial relations being almost ex- clusively with Europe. Between all the principal South American ports and Europe lines of swift and commodious steamers, subsidized by their home governments, ply regularly. There is no such line of steamers between these ports and the United States. In consequence our shipping in South American ports is almost a negligible quan- tity; for instance, in the year ended June 30, 1905, there entered the port of Rio de Janeiro over 3,000 steamers and sailing vessels f.om Europe, but from the United States no steamers and only seven sailing vessels, two of which were in distress. One prime reason for this state of things is the fact that those who do business on the sea do business in a world not of natural competition but of subsidized competition. State aid to steamship lines is as much a part of the commercial system of to-day as state em- ployment of consuls to promote business. Our commercial competitors in Europe pay in the ag- gregate some $25,000,000 a year to their steam- ship lines Great Britain paying nearly $7,000.000. Japan pays between $3,000,000 and $4,000,000. By ill the proposed legislation the United States wi pay relatively less than any one of our com- petitors pays. Three years ago the trans-Missis- sippi congress formally set forth as axiomatic the statement that every ship is a missionary of trade; that steamship lines work for their own countries just as railroad lines work for their terminal points, and that it is as absurd for the United States to depend upon foreign ships to distribute its product as it would be for a de- partment store to depend upon wagons of a com- peting house to deliver its goods. This state- ment is the literal truth. Moreover, it must be remembered that American ships do not have to contend merely against the subsidization of th >ir foreign competitors. The higher wages and the greater cost of maintenance of American officers and crews make it almost impossible for our people who do business on the ocean to compete on equal terms with foreign ships unless they are protected as their fellow countrymen who do business on land are protected. We cannot, as a country, afford to have the wages and the man- ner of life of our seamen cut down, and the only alternative, if we are to have seamen at all, i-i Jan. 23, 1907. to offset the expense by giving some advantage to the ship itself. The proposed law which has been introduced in congress is in no sense experimental. It is based on the best and most successful precedents, as, for instance, on the recent Cunard contract with the British government. As far as South America is concerned its aim is to provide from the Atlantic and Pacific coasts better American lines in the great ports of South America than the present European lines. The South Amer- ican republics now see only our warships. Under this bill our trade friendship will be mad^ evident to them. The bill proposes to build large-sized steamships of sixteen knots speed. There are nearly two hundred such steamships already in the world's foreign trade, and over three-fourths of them now draw subsidies- postal or admiralty, or both. The bill will en- courage our shipyards, which are almost as nec- essary to the national defense as battle ships, and the efficiency of which depends in large measure upon their steady employment in large construc- tion. The proposed bill is of importance to our navy because it gives a considerable fleet of aux- iliary steamships, such as is now almost wholly lacking, and also provides for an effective navaJ reserve. The" bill provides for fourteen steam- ships, subsidized to the extent of over $1,500,- 000, from the Atlantic coast, all to run to South American ports. It provides, on the Pacific coast, for twenty-two steamers, subsidized to the extent of $2,250,000, some of those to run to South America, most of them to Manila. Australia and Asia. Be it rememberei that while the ships will be owned on the coas s the cargoes will largely be supplied by the in- terior, and that the bill will benefit the Missis- sippi valley as much as it benefits the seaboard. I have laid stress upon the benefit to be ex- pected from our trade with South America. The lines to the orient are also of vital importance. The commercial possibilities of the Pacific are unlimited, and for national reasons it is impera- tive that we should have direct and adequate communication by American lines with Hawaii and the Philippines. The existence of our present steamship lines on the Pacific is seriously threat- ened by the foreign subsidized lines. Our com- munications with the markets of Asia and with our own possessions in the Philippines, no less than our communications with Australia, should depend not upon foreign but upon our own steamships. The southwest and the northwest should alike be served by these lines, and if this is done they will also give to the Mississippi valley throughout its entire length the advantage of all transconti- nental railways running to the Pacific coast. To fail to establish adequate lines on the Pacific is equivalent to proclaiming to the world that we have neither the ability nor the disposition to contend for our rightful share of the commerce of the orient, nor yet to protect our interests in the Philippines. It would surely be . discred- itable for us to surrender to our commercial rivals the great commerce of the orient, the great com- merce we should have with South America and even of our own communications with Hawaii and the Philippines. I earnestly hope for the en- actment of some l PARTY LINES IN CONGRESS SINCE 1879. CONGRESS. Years. SENATE. HOUSE. -CONGRESS. Years. SENATE. HOUSE. P. I 1 -g a 3 I 73 a I -fi 40 53 56 58 58 61 ^9 34 20 29 32 32 29 d d 3 1 d c 7 9 6 40th 1879-1881 1881-1883 1883-1885 1885-1887 1837-1889 1889-1891 1891-1893 1893-1895 32 37 10 42 m 39 47 88 44 88 36 M 37 37 89 44 ..... '"2 3 139 146 124 120 153 106 8S 196 148 138 198 204 168 159 236 220 16 10 1 1 4 "*8 8 54th 1895-1897 1897-1899 1899-1901 1901-1903 1903-1905 1905-1907 1907-1909 5 10 11 3 246 206 1S5 ins 2tr> 2.50 22'? 104 134 163 153 174 136 164 47th. 55th 48th 56th 49th 50th 51st 57th 58th 59th 160th 52(1 vM CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. WILLIAM J. BRYAN'S NEW YORK SPEECH. William J. Bryan returned from his journey around the world Aug. 29, 1906, and on the even- ing of Aug. 30 delivered a speech in Madison Square Garden, New York, giving his pjlitical views in detail. Among other things he advocated the ownership of railroad trunk lines by the fed- eral government and of the local lines by the sev- eral state governments; the placing on the free list of articles controlled by trusts, the surrender of the Philippines, the passing of an income-tax law and the election of United States senators by the people. His remarks on the railroad question were as follows: "I have already reached the conclusion that railroads partake so much of the nature of a monopoly that they must ultimately become pub- lic property and be managed by public officials in the interest of the whole community, in accord- ance with the well-defined theory that public ownership is necessary where competition is im- possible. I do not know that the country is ready for this change. I do not know that a majority of my own party favor it, but I believe that an increasing number of the members of all p irties see in public ownership the sure remedy for dis- crimination between persons and politics and for the extortionate rates for the carrying of freight and passengers. Believing, however, that the opera- tion of all the railroads by the federal govern- ment would result in a centralization which would all but obliterate state lines, I prefer to see only the trunk lines operated by the federal govern- ment and the local lines by the several state governments. "Some have opposed this dual ownership as im- practicable, but investigation in Europe has con- vinced me that it is entirely practicable. Nearly all the railroads of Germany are owned by the several states, the empire not even owning the trunk lines, and yet the interstate traffic is in nowise obstructed. In traveling from Constantinople to Vienna one passes through Turkey, Bulgaria, Servia, Hungary and a part of Austria without a change of cars, and yet each country owns and operates its own roads and different languages are spoken on the different divisions of the line. Sweden and Norway each owns its railroads, but they have no trouble about interstate traffiV, al- though their political relations are somewhat, strained. "The ownership and operation of the local liue.3 by the several state governments is not only feasible, but it suits itself to the conditions ex- isting in the various states. "As to the right of the governments, federal and state, to own and operate railroads there can be no doubt. If we can detpeu the water in the lakes and build connecting canals in order to cheapen railroad transportation during half of the year, we can build a raiiroad and cheapen rates the whole year; if we can spend several hundred millions on the Panama canal to lower transcon- tinental rates, we can build a railroad f n m New York to San Francisco to lower both transconti- nental and local rates. The United States ma : l is increasing so rapidly that we shall soon be able to pay the interest on the cost of trunk lines out of the money which we now pay to railroads for carrying through mails. "If any of you question the propriety of my mentioning this subject, I beg to remind you that the president could not have secured the passage of the rate bill had he not app?aled to the fear of the more radical remedy of govern- ment ownership, and nothing will so restrain the railroad magnates from attempting to capture the interstate-commerce commission as the same fear. The high-handed manner in which they have violated law and ignored authority, togethe'r with the corruption discovered in hierh places, has done more to create sentiment in favor of public ownership than all the speeches and arguments of the opponents of private ownership." THE HAYWOOD MURDER TRIAL IN IDAHO. Frank Steunenberg, former governor of Idaho, was killed by a bomb as he was entering the gate- way of his home in Caldwell. Idaho, on the night of Dec. 30 1905. He had been prominent in sup- pressing disorders caused by a strike of miners In the Coeur d'Alene district, and had made many enemies, particularly through calling in troops and proclaiming martial law. This brought him into conflict with the Western Federation of Miners, and many threats against his life were made. It was not, however, until about six years after the strfke troubles were ended and after he had returned to private life that he was killed. The first man arrested for the crime was Harry Orchard, a former member of the federation and a miner, and then Stephen Adams, a companion, was caught. James lucPartland, a Pinkerton de- tective, who had been instrumental many years before in breaking up the Molly Maguire gang in Pennsylvania, secured a confession from Orchard, and on the strength of this the ofBcials of Idaho and Colorado caused the arrest in Denver, Col., on the night of Feb. 19, 1906. of Charles H. Moyer. William D. Haywood and Charles H. Pettibone, president. secretaiT and executive committeeman. respectively, of the Western Federation of Miners. Requisition papers had already been granted and the men were placed on a special train and taken to Boise, Idaho, to await trial. A great outcry was raised against the method of their arrest and removal from Colorado and various labor organi- zations throughout the country raised funds for their defense. President Roosevelt early in 1907 added to the excitement by describing the de- fendants as "undesirable citizens," it being claimed that he was thereoy prejudicing the case. The cases against the accused men were separated and that against William D. Haywood was first tried. The selection of a jury was begun before Judge Fremont Wood May 9, 1907. Senator Wil- liam E. Borah and State's Attorney James H. Hawley appeared for the prosecution and E. F. Richardson of Denver and Clarence Darrow of Chicago represented the defense. The jury was completed June 3; the state's case was closed June 27; the defense closed Julv 12, and the state's rebuttal ended July 19. The case was given to the jury July 27 and July 28 the jury returned a veridct of not guilty. The chief witness for the prosecu- tion was Harry Orchard, who claimed that the officers of the Western Federation of Miners paid him to kill Steunenberg and to commit many other crimes in Colorado and Idaho in connection with the labor troubles in those states. Haywood was liberated as soon as the verdict was returned and Moyer was admitted to bail. ANTI-EUROPEAN RIOTS IN INDIA. As the result of inflammatory speeches made by native orators and of articles in the native press serious anti-European riots took place at Lahore, Rawalpindi and other places in the Punjab and in Beng.U early in May. 1307. Considerable prop- erty was destroyed, but no lives were lost. The authorities took energetic measures to quell the revolt, transporting the leaders to other province's and increasing the military forces in the disturbed districts. The fact that just fifty years had elapsed since the great mutiny of 1857 led to some apprehension that a general uprising of the natives had been planned. The agitators aimed at self-government for the native states and eventual independence, but the riots were anti-Christian as well as anti-European. The most prominent leader in the movement was Lala Lajpat Rai, a promi- nent lawyer of the Punjab, ELECTION CALENDAR. 81 ELECTION GENERAL STATE ELECTIONS. Alabama Every fourth year. Next election Nov. Arkansas Biennially; first Monday in September. Next election Sept. 7, 1908. California Every fourth year. Next election Nov. Colorado Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 190S. Connecticut State officers, except attorney-general, biennially: attorney-general quadrennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Delaware Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Florida Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Georgia Biennially; first Monday in October. Nex t election Oct. 5, 1908. Idaho Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Illinois Governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state, auditor and attorney-general every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. State treasurer biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Indiana Governor, every fourth year. Next elec- tion Nov. 3, 1908. Other state officers bienn.al- ly. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Iowa Governor, lieutenant-governor, superintend- ent of inbtruction, one justice of the Supreme court and one railroad commissioner biyn ial.y. Next election Nov. 3, 19:,8. Other state officers biennially in the alternate years. Next election Nov. 2, 1909. Kansas Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Louisiana Every fourth year; third Tuesday in April. Next election April 21, 1908. Maine Biennially; second Monday in September. Next election Sept. 14, 1908. Maryland Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 7, '1911. Massachusetts Annually. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Michigan Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Mississippi Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 7, 1911. Missouri Principal state officers every fourth year. Next election of governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of state, auditor, treasurer aad attor- ney-general Nov. 3, 1908. Montana Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Nebraska Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Nevada Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 8, 1910. New Hampshire Biennially. Next election Nov. New Jersey Governor every third year, other of- ficers appointed. Next election Nov. 8, 1910. New York Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. North Carolina Every fourth year. Next elec- tion Nov. 3, 1908. North Dakota Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Ohio Governor, lieutenant-governor, state treas- urer and attorney-general biennially. Next elec- tion Nov. 2. 1909. Secretary of state and dairy and food commissioner biennially. Next elec- tion Nov. 3, 1908. Auditor every fourth year. Next election Nov. 1, 1911. Oklahoma Every four years; next election in 1910. Oregon Every fourth year; first Monday in June. Next election June 6 4 1910. Pennsylvania Governor, lieutenant-governor and secretary of internal affairs every fourth year. Next election Nov. 8, 1910. State treasurer biennially. Next election Nov. 2, 1909. Other officials appointed. Rhode Island Annually. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. South Carolina Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908 South Dakota Biennially. Next election N>v. ::. 1908- Tennessee Biennially. Next election Nov. 3. 1908. Texas Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Utah Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Vermont Biennially; first Tuesday in September. Next election Sept. 1, 1908. CALENDAR. Virginia Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 2, 1909. Washington Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3. 1UOS. West Virginia Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3. 1Q08. Wisconsin Biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Wyoming Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 8, 1910. CHICAGO, COOK COUNTY AND ILLINOIS. FIRST TUESDAY IN APRIL. Aldermen in Chicago (one from each ward) an- nually. Next election April 7, 1908. Mayor quadrennially, treasurer and city clerk bi- ennially. Next election of mayor in 1911; of treasurer and city clerk in 1909. Town officers, officers in cities containing one or more towns and officers in villages whose bound- aries coincide with the boundaries of a town an- nually. Next election April 7, 1908. THIRD TUESDAY IN APRIL. Officers of cities organized under the general law (except such as contain within their limits one . or more townships) annually. Next election April 21, 1903. Officers of villages organized under the general law (except where territorial limits coincide with the territorial limits of a township) annually. Next election April 21, 1908. FIRST MONDAY 111 JUNK. Judges of the Circuit court (fourteen in Cook county) every sixth year, counting from 1873. Next election in 1909. Judges of the Supreme court of the state, 5th district, every ninth year, counting from ISTo (next election in 1909); from the 4th district every ninth year, counting from 1876 (next election in 1909); from the 1st, 2d, 3"d, 6th and 7th districts every ninth year, counting from 1879. Next election in 1915. One judge of the Superior court of Cook county every sixth year, counting from 1803. Next elec- tion 1909. FIRST, TUESDAY AFTER FIRST MONDAY IN NOVEMBER. Presidential electors, governor, lieutenant-gov- ernor, secretary of state, auditor, attorney-general, state senators in even-numbered districts, mem- bers of the state board of equalization, clerk of the Superior court and recorder of deeds in Cook county, clerks of the Circuit courts, state's attorneys, county surveyors and county coroners every fourth year, counting from 1872. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. State treasurer, representatives In congress, representatives in the general assembly and three trustees of the University of Illinois every sec- ond year, counting from 1872. Next election Nov. 3. 1908. Clerk of the state Supreme court every sixth year, counting from 1902. Next election Nov. 3, Clerks of the Appellate courts every sixth year, counting from 1878. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Superintendent of public instruction, state sena- tors in odd-numbered districts, clerk of the Criminal court in Cook county, county clerks, county judges, county treasurers, county super- intendents of schools and sheriffs every fourth year, counting from 1874. Next election Nov. 8, 1910. President and fifteen members of the Cook county board biennially. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Five members of the board of assessors in Cook county every second year as terms (six years t expire. Two will be elected Nov. 3, 1908, one in 1910 and two in 1912. Three members of the board of review in Co 'k county every second year as terms (six years) expire. One will be elected Nov. 3, 1908, one in 1910 nd one in 1912. Eleven judges of the Superior court of Cook coun- ty as terms (six years) expire. One will be elected in 1907. one in 1909. six in 1910 and four in 1911. Nine sanitary district trustees in Cook county as CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 190S. terms expire. Three are elected every other year. Next election Nov. 3, 1908. Next presi- dent to be elected in 1910. Twenty-seven judges, one chief justice, one clerk and one bailiff of the Municipal court as terms expire. Nine judges will be elected Nov. ;>, 1908. nine in 1910 and nine in 1912. The next chief justice will be elected in 1912. NATIONAL NOMINATING CONVENTIONS SINCE 1880. Place and date of each and names of nominees for president and vice-president in the order named: 1880 Democratic: Cincinnati, O., June 22-24; Winfielc 1 . S. Hancock and William H. English. Republican: Chicago, 111., June 2-8; James A. Garfteld and Chester A. Arthur. Greenback: Chicago, 111., June 9-11; James B. Weaver and B. J. Chambers. Prohibition: Cleveland, O., June 17; Neal Dow and A. M. Thompson. 1884 Democratic: Chicago. 111., July 8-11; Grover Cleveland and Thomas A. Hendricks. Republican: Chicago, 111., June 3-6; James G. Elaine and John A. Logan. Greenback: Indianapolis, Ind., May 28-29; Ben- iamin F. Butler and Alanson M. West. American Prohibition: Chicago, 111., June 19; Samuel C. Pomeroy and John A. Couant. National Prohibition: Pittsburg, Pa., July 23; John P. St. John and William Daniel. Anti-Monopoly: Chicago. 111., May 14; Benja- min F. Butler and Alanson M. West. Equal Rights: San Francisco. Cal., Sept. 20; Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood and Mrs. Marietta L. Stow. 1888 Democratic: St. Louis. Mo., June 5; Grover Cleveland and Allen G. Thurman. Republican: Chicago, 111.. June 19; Benjamin Harrison and Levi P. Morton. Prohibition: Indianapolis, Ind., May 20; Clinton B. Fisk and John A. Brocks. Union Labor: Cincinnati, O.. May 15; Alson J. Streeter and Samuel Evans. United Labor: Cincinnati. O.. May 15; Robert H. Cowdrey and W. H. T. Wak; fi?ld. American: Washington. D. C., Aug. 14; James L. Curtis and J-am:>s R. Greer. Equal Rights: "Oes Moines. Iowa, May 15; Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood and Alfred H. Love. 1892 Democratic: Chicago, 111., June 21; Grover Cleveland and Adiai E. Stevenson. Republican: Minneapolis. Minn., June 7-10; Ben- jamin Harrison and Whitelaw Reid. Prohibition: Cincinnati, O., June 29; John Bid- well and J. B. Cranfill. National People's: Omaha, Neb., July 2-5; James B. Weaver and James G. Field. Socialist-Labor: New York. N. Y., Aug. 28; Simon Wing and Charles H. Matchett. 1896 Democratic. Cnicago, 111., July 7; William J. Bryan and Arthur Sewall. Republican: St. Louis. Mo.. June 16; William McKinley and Garret A. Hobart. People's Party: St. Louis. Mo., July 22; Wil- liam J Bryan and Thomas E. Watson. Silver Party: St. Louis. Mo., July 22; William J. Bryan and Arthur Sewall. National Democratic: Indianapolis, Ind., Sept. 2; John M. Palmer and Simon B. Buckuer. Prohibition: Pittsburg, Pa., May 27; Joshua Lev- ering and Hale Johnson. National Party: Pittsburg, Pa., May 28; Charles E. Bentley and James H. Southgate. Socialist-Labor: New York. N. Y.. July 6; Charles H. Matchett and Matthew Maguire. 1900 Democratic: Kansas City, Mo., July 4-6; William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson. Republican: Philadelphia, Pa., June 19-21; Wil- liam McKinley and Theodore Rooosevelt. People's Party: Sioux Fails, S. D., May 9-10; William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson. People's Party (Middle-of-the-Road): Cincinnati, O., May 9-10; Wharton Barker and Ignatius Donnelly. Silver Republican: Kansas City, Mo., July 4-6; William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson. . Prohibition: Chicago, 111., June 27-28; John G. Woolley and Hemy B. Metcalf. Socialist-Labor: New York. N. Y., June 2-8; Joseph P. Mallouey and Valentine Rommel. Social Democratic Party of the United States: Rochester, N. Y., Jan 27; Job Harriman and Max S. Hayes Social Democratic Party of America: Indianap- olis. Tnd.. March 6; Eugene V, Debs and Job Harriman. Union Reform: Baltimore, Md.. Sept. 3; Seth W. Ellis and Samuel T. Nicholson. 1904 Democratic : St. Louis, Mo., July 6-9; Alton B. Parker and Henry G. Davis. Republican: Chicago. 'ill., June 21-23; Theodore Roosevelt and Charles W. Fairbanks. People's party: Springfield, 111.. July 4-6; Thomas E. W'atson and Thomas H. Tibbies. Prohibition: Indianapolis. Ind., June 29-July 1; Silas C. Swallow and George W. Carroll. Socialist-Labor: New York. N. . Y.. July 3-9; Charles H. Corregan and William W. Cox. Socialist-Democratic Party of America: Chicago. 111., May 1-6; Eugene V. Debs and Benjamin Hanford. Continental: Chicago. 111., Aug. 31; Charles H. Howard and George H. Shibley. (Nominees declined and Austin Holcomb and A. King were substituted by the national committee.) INLAND WATERWAYS COMMISSION. Appointed by President Roosevelt March 16, 1907. Theodore E. Burton, chairman; Francis G. New- lands, William Warner. John H. Bankhead. Alex- ander Mackenzie, J. W. McGee, F. H. Newell, Gifford Pinchot, Herbert Knox Smith. In a letter addressed to the members of the commission President Roosevelt declares that the time has come for merging local projects and uses of the inland waters in a comprehensive plan de- signed for the benefit of the entire country. The railroads, he asserts, are no longer able to move the crops and manufactures rapidly enough to se- cure the prompt. transaction of the business of the nation, and there appears to be but one complete remedy the development of a complementary sys- tem of transportation by water. The president's letter continues: "The present congestion affects chiefly the peo- ple of the Mississippi valley, and they demand re- lief. When the congestion of which they complain is relieved the whole nation will share the good results. "Any plan for utilizing our inland waterways should consider floods and their control by forests and other means; the protection of bottomlands from injury by overflows and uplands from loss by soil wash; the physics of sediment-charged waters and the physical or other ways of purify- ing them; the construction of dams and locks, not only tp facilitate navigation but to control the character and movement of the waters, and should look to the full use and control of our running wa- ters and the complete artificialization of our wa- terways for the benefit of our people as a whole. "It is not possible properly to frame so large a plan as this for the control of our rivers without taking account of the orderly development of other natural resources. Therefore, I ask that the inland- waterways commission shall consider the relations of the streams to the use of all the great perma- nent natural resources and their conservation for the making and maintenance of prosperous homes. " WRECK OP THE STEAMER COLUMBIA. NATIONAL PLATFORMS OF 1904. Following are summaries of the principal fea tures of tue national party platforms adopted in 1904. The full texts will be found in The Daily News Almanac and Year-Book for 1905, beginning on paire 126. UKITBLICAN. The platform advocates the princi- ple of protection and reciprocity, the maintenance of the gold standard, the encouragement of the merchant marine, the upbuilding of the navy, the exclusion of Chinese labor, honest enforcement of the civil-service law, liberal administration of the pension laws, arbitration, the protection of Amer- ican citizens abroad, the reduction of representa- tion in congress and the electoral college of states in which the elective franchise is unconstitution- ally limited, and the control of combinations of capital and labor. The declaration in regard to protection is: "We insist upon the maintenance of the principles of protection and therefore rates of duty should be readjusted only when conditions have so changed that the public interest demands their alteration. But this work cannot be safely committed to any other hands than those of the republican party." DEMOCRATIC. The enactment of laws giving la- bor and capital impartially their just rights, trial by jury for indirect contempt, liberal appropri- ations for the improvement of waterways, reduc- tions in the expenditures of the government, hon- esty in the public service and the preservation oC the "open door" for commerce in the orient are favored. The platform declares against imperial- ism and the retention of the Philippines, denounces protection as a robbery of the many for the en- richment of the few, and favors the revision and general reduction of the tariff by the friends of the masses and for the common weal and not by the friends of its abuses. Trusts and combinations are denounced as a menace to beneficial competi- tion and rebates and discriminations by transpor- tation companies are declared to be the most po- tent agency in promoting and strengthening unlaw- ful conspiracies against trade. Demands of the platform include: Election of United States sen- ators by a direct vote of the people; the admis- sion to statehood of Oklahoma, Indian Territory. Arizona and New Mexico; the extermination of polygamy: the defeat of the ship-subsidy bill; the maintenance of the Monroe doctrine; the reduction of the army and army expenditures; the enforce ment of the civil-service laws, and the defeat of the attempt to revive race prejudices. SOCIALIST. The platform pledges the party to work and vote for shortened days of labor and increased wages; for the insurance of workers against sickness, accident and lack of employment; for pensions for aged and exhausted workers.; for public ownership of the means of transportation, communication and exchange; for the graduated taxation of incomes, inheritances and of fran- chise and land values; for equal suffrage of men and women; for the prevention of the use of mil- itary against labor in the settlement of strikes; for the free administration of justice; for the initiative, referendum and proportional represen- tation, and for the recall of officers by their con- stituents. These things, it is declared, are but a preparation of the workers to seize the whole powers of government in order that they may thereby lay hold of the whole system of industry and thus come into their rightful inheritance. PROHIBITIONIST. The platform pledges the party, whenever given the power by the suffrage of the people, to the enactment and enforcement of laws prohibiting and abolishing the manufacture, im- portation, transportation and sale of alcoholic bev- erages and favors a rigid application of the prin- ciples of justice to all combinations of capital and labor, international arbitration, reform of divorce laws, the final extirpation of polygamy and the overthrow of the system of illegal sanction of the social evil. POPULIST. It is demanded that all money shall be issued by the government in such quantities as shall maintain a- stability in prices, every dollar to be a full legal tender; that postal banks be established; that the- right of labor to organize shall not be interfered with; that laws be passed to abolish child labor and suppress convict labor and sweatshops, and that the government shall own the railroads and telegraph and telephone systems. The eight-hour day is favored and legal provision under which the people may exercise the initiative, referendum and proportional rep- resentation and direct vote for all public officers with right to recall are urged. SOCIALIST-LAUOR. The platform urges that a summary end be put to the existing class conflict by placing the land and all the means of produc- tion, transportation and distribution into the hands of the people as a collective body and substituting the co-operative commonwealth for the present planless production, industrial war and social dis- order. PLATFORM UTTERANCES IN 1907. But few state conventions were held in 1907, and some of the platforms adopted at these con- fined themselves chiefly to local issues. Massa- chusetts republicans reaffirmed -their belief in the principles of protection to American industries and American labor, but they also commended for adoption by the next national republican conven- tion a resolution calling the congress to meet in special session to- determine upon amendments to the present tariff law T or the enactment of a new measure to meet changed conditions, to remove du- ties needless cither for revenues or protection and make such modifications as experience may have shown to be necessary. The iv-establishment of the American trerchant marine was also urged. The Whitney faction democratic convention in Massachusetts advocated reciprocity and con- demned the Dingley tariff. Nebraska democrats adopted a platform approv- ing the laws prohibiting passes and rebates; op- posing the Centralization idea, and urging the re- vision of the tariff immediately and the imposi- tion of an income tax. On the trust question it said: "A private monopoly is indefensible and intolerable. We -therefore favor the vigorous en- forcement of the criminal laws against trusts and trust magnates, and demand the enactment of such additional legislation as may be necessary to make it impossible for a private monopoly to ex- ist in the United States." The Nebraska republican platform favored the enactment of a federal law and if necessary an amendment to the federal constitution which will forbid the federal courts from issuing writs of in- junction against state officers charged by law with the enforcement of state statutes. THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1908. Presidential electors will bp voted for in each state of the union Nov. 3, 1908. The electors so chosen will subsequently meet in their respective states, cast their ballots for president and also for vice-president of the United States, make lists of the persons voted for. with the number of votes cast for each, sign and certify the lists and then, transmit them, sealed, to the president of the senate in Washington. The president of the st-nate, in the presence of the senate and house of representatives, opens all the certificates, the votes are then counted and the result de- clared. If no candidate for president has a ma- jority, then the house of representatives elect? one of the three having the largest number of electoral votes, each state casting one vote. The CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. same is done in the case of the vice-president ex- cept that one of the two candidates having the lar- gest number of electoral votes is chosen. The total number of electoral votes in 1908 being 48:1, ihe winning candidate must have 242. In~the republican state conventions held in 1907 the policies of President Roosevelt were indorsed and similar action was taken by a number of leg- islatures controlled oy republicans. Democratic conventions generally indorsed the policies of Wil- liam J. Bryan, and it was generally assumed tlutt he would be the candidate of the democratic- party in 1908 for president. Republican leaders urged for the presidency either by state conven- tions or political organizations included William H. Taft. Charles W. Fairbanks. Charles E. Hughes, Elihu Root. Joseph G. Cannon. Albert B. Cummins, Philander C. Knox, George P. Wet- more and Robert M. LaFollette. CHIEF POLITICAL EVENTS OF 1907. Jan. 7 George B. Cortelyou announced his retire-' nient as chairman of the republican national committee; Harry S. New acting chairman. Jan. 15 United States senators elected as fol- lows: Harry A. Richardson, rep., Delaware; W. M. Cruue. rep.. Massachusetts; W. P. Frye, rep., Maine; Joseph M. Dixon, rep., Montana; Norris Bronn, rep.. Nebraska; Simon Guggen- heim, rep.. Colorado; William E. Borah, rep., Idaho. Jan. 16 United States senators elected: Henry E. Eurnham, rep., New Hampshire; William A. Smith, rep., Michigan. Jan. 22 United States senators elected: Robert L. Taylor, dern., Tennessee; Frederick W. Mulk- le.r. rep., and Jonathan Bourne, Jr., rep., Ore- gen; Benjamin R. Tillman, dem.. South Caro- lina; Jonathan P. Dolliver, rep., Iowa; Edmund W. Pettns, dem.. and John T. Morgan, dem., Alabama. Jan. 23 United States senators elected: Stephen B. Elkins, rep., West Virginia; Joseph W. Bai- ley, dem., Texas; Shelby M. Cullom. rep., Illi- nois; Robert J. Gamble, rep., South Dakota; Knute Nelson, rep., Minnesota; F. M. Simmons, dem.. North Carolina; Francis E. Warren, rep., Wyoming; Charles Curtis, rep.. Kansas. Jan. 30 Jeff Davis, dem., elected United States senator in Arkansas. Ueb. 5 Frank O. Briggs. rep., elected United States senator in New Jersey. Feb. 3 United States Senator John C. Spooner resigned. March 5 Regis H. Post appointed governor of Porto Rico. April 1 Minor state officials elected in Michigan; republicans successful. April 2 Fred A. Busse elected mayor of Chicago. April ' 2 D. E. Cornell, rep., elected mayor of Kansas City. Mo. April 9 Minnesota house of representatives passed resolution recommending nomination of President Roosevelt to succeed himself. April 10 President Roosevelt's administration in- dorsed by Connecticut house of representatives. April 13 Call for national convention of the United Christian party issued. April 18 George Curry, dem., appointed governor of New Mexico. April 23 Rhode Telaud legislature adjourned with- out electing a successor to United States Senator Wetmore. May 7 Barry Mahool, dem., elected mayor of Baltimore. May 8 Chairman Brown of Ohio republican state central committee declared for William H. Taft for president and W. B. Foraker for senator. May 17 Isaac Stephenson, rep., elected United States senator in Wisconsin. May 27 Michigan state senate passed resolution asking that President Roosevelt be elected for a second elective term. June 5 Persons i;i classified civil service prohib- ited by President Roosevelt from taking an active part in politics. June 6 Penusvlvania republican state convention heM: J< hn O. Sheatz nominated for treasurer and Philander C. Knox indorsed for president. June 17 John H. Bankhead. dem.. appointed Unitr-d States senator by governor of Alabama to succeed John T. Morsan. deceased. (Formally /elected by legislature July 16.) June 19 Democratic conTention held in Oklahoma; Charles N. Haskell nominated for governor. June 1U Republican state convention held in Ken- tucky; A. E. Wilson nominated for governor. June 26 Walter F. Frear, rep., appointed gov- ernor for Hawaii. June 27 Pennsylvania state democratic conven- tion held; John G. Harmon nominated for treas- urer. July 9 A. O. Bacon elected United States senator by Georgia legislature. July 12 Announcement made of Robert M La- Follette's candidacy for president of the United States. July 16 Dr. Edward R. Taylor elected mayor of San Francisco by board of supervisors. July 30 Prohibition bill passed by Georgia legis- lature. July 30 Members of first Philippine assembly elected; nationalists win. Aug. 1 Oklahoma republican convention held; Frank Frautz nominated for governor. Aug. 2 Mississippi primary elections held; John Sharp Williams nominated for United States sen- ator and Edmonti F. Noel for governor. Aug. 8 Maryland state democratic convention held; Austin O. Crothers nominated for governor. Aug. 8 California primary election law sustained by stata Supreme court. Aug. 14 Maryland republican state convention held; George R. Gaither nominated for governor. Aug. 19 Speech made by William H. Taft at Columbus, O., on relations of the government to railroads and industrial corporations. Aug. 20 Policy .of the government toward law- breakers defined by President Roosevelt in speech at Provincetown. Mass. Aug. 22 Race question dealt with in speech by Secretary Taft at Lexington, Ky. Aug. 24 Secretary Taft in speech in Oklahoma at- tacked the proposed state constitution. Sept. 17 Election held in Oklahoma: democratic state ticket elected, constitution indorsed and state-wide prohibition adopted. Sept. 17 Special charter election held in Chicago; charter defeated. Sept. 17 New Jersey democratic state convention held; Frank S. Katzeubach nominated for gov- ernor. Sept. 19 New Jersey republican state convention held; J. Franklin Fort nominated for governor. Sept. 24 State platform conventions held by re- imhlicans, democrats and populists in Nebraska. Sept. 27 William R. Hearst and friends decided to form national party out of Independence league. Oct. 5 Republican and democratic state conven- tions held in Massachusetts. Curtis Guild. Jr.. renominated for governor by republicans; demo oratic convention split, one faction nominating Henry M. Whitney and the other Charles W. Bartlett for governor. Oct. 8 Rhode Islnnd democratic state convention held: James H, Hiirffins nominated for governor. Oct. 10 Rhode Island republican convention held; Frederick H. Jnckson nominated for governor. Nov. 5 State elections held in Rhode Island. Maryland. Massachusetts. NPW Jersey. Pennsyl- vania. Kentucky and Mississippi. (For results see election returns.) MONEY AND FINANCE. 85 MONEY AND fINANCE. Country. United States .... Mexico Canada Africa Australasia. Russia Austria-Hun gary Germany ... Norway WORLD'S P Gold. Silver. RODUCTION OF GOLD Calendar year. Country. Gold. AND SI Silver. 1,071,900 49,000 385,500 216,500 194,100 3,664,500 514.400 878,200 LVER IN 1905 Country. Peru Gold. 472,400 50,000 1,513,400 3,330,300 1,776,100 2,250,000 Silver. 6,684,000 1,760,300 3,115,800 .$88,180,700 . 15,261,200 14,486,800 113,329,100 85,926,500 22,921,600 2,457,400 66,700 $72.535,400 70.662,893 7,725,100 801,100 16,241.300 265,000 2,405,100 7,526,100 313,900 32,000 979,700 5,171.700 Turkey France Great Britain Argentina .. Bolivia Chile Colombia .... Ecuador Brazil 6,000 "mj 766 5,500 21,900 948,500 2,584,000 188,500 2 044.600 Uruguay Central America . . China Korea Siam India. Brit'h British East Indies Dutch East Indies Total ...$3 48,600 11,655,100 1,'485,400 1,414.500 Venezuela . . Guiana.Brit'h Guiana, Dutch Guiana, Fr'ch 171.400 1,690,700 632,500 1,806,400 Sweden Italy 36,700 44,000 76,289,200 $203.429*400 COINAGE OF GOLD AND SILVER BY NATIONS IN 1905, [Reported by the director of the mint.] Country. Gold. United States $49,638,441 Philippines .byssinia Silver. $6,332,181 Countrv. Italy "... Gold, 53 172 Silver. 769,326 3,283 428 10 446 464 4 932 418 20.072 249 200 379,592 Mexico 717,654 7.365,925 235,842 Morocco 1,010,723 200 924 603,000 450,000 Dutch East Indies 1 206 000 1 540 744 1 928 986 352,772 37,985,729 Persia Peru . . . . < 147,480 885 866 1,116,3491 68 13J 52,000 10.804- 250 878 Russia ,1,111 4 538 737 60,334 Servia ... ..... 488,709? 24.333 Siam 1 948,358 1 016 618 Spain 1 605 874 2 160 434 49 044 3,560,882 Switzerland 386,000 308 800 349 Turkev 7 730,&<$ 687 314 16,280.551 Venezuela '386.000 579.000 421,763 Total .. ...S245. 954.248 tl03.880.205 Abyssini Austria-Hungary 10,187,354 Bolivia :.... Australasia 54,933,203 Canada Great Britain 35,525,450 Chile China Costa Rica Denmark Danish West Indies 192,050 Ecuador Egypt 27,187 France 38,294,861 Indo-China : Tunis 249 Germany 36,201,237 German East Africa PRODUCT OF GOLD AND SILVER IN THE UNITED STATES (1792-1906). [For 1792-1873 is by R. \V. Raymond, commissioner, and since by the director of the mint.] PERIOD. Gold. Silver. Total. PERIOD . Gold. Silver. Total. April 2, 1792-July 31. 1834. . . . $14,000,000 7.500.000 103.036.76!! 551.000.000 4V4.250.000 395.300.000 32ti.620.000 33,175,000 33.000.000 35.955.000 39,500.000 Insignifi- cant. 1250,000 300.000 1.100,000 100.750.000 a;o,mooo 535.056.000 75,417.000 82.101.000 77.576.000 64.000.000 $14,000,000 7,750,000 103.336,769 552.100.000 575.000.00C 7o5.600,000 861.676.000 108.592.000 115,101.000 113,531.000 103.500.000 1895 J46.610.000 53,088.000 57.363,000 ?!:1:H 79.171,000 78.667.000 80.000.000 73.591,700 80.464.700 88.180,700 96,101,400 $72.051,000 76,069,000 69.637.000 70.384.000 70,806.000 74.533.000 71.388.000 71.758.000 70.206.000 57.tiS2.8i HI 34.222.000 37,642,900 $118.1,000 129.157.000 127.000.000 134.847.000 141,859,000 153.704.01 K) 150.0o5.000 151,758.000 143,797.700 138.147.500 12-2.402.700 133,744,300 1896 July 31, 1834-Dec. 31. 1844..., 1897 1 1898 1845-1850.... 1899 1851-1860 1900 1861-1870 1901 1871-1880 1902 1881-1890. . 1891... 11904 1892 1893.... 1906 1894 STOCK OF GOLD AND SILVER IN THE UNITED STATES. FISCAL YEAR ENDED JrNEoU. POPULA- TION. TOTAL COIN AND BULLION PER CAPITA. Gold. Silver. Gold. Silver. Total metallic 1873 41.677.000 50.155,783 62.622.250 63.975.000 65.520,000 66.946.000 68.397.000 69,878.000 71,390.000 72,937.000 74.522.000 76.148.000 76,891.000 77,754.000 79,117.000 80,847.000 81.867.000 83.259.000 84,662.000 $mooo,ooo 351.841,206 695,563.029 646.582.852 664.275.335 597.697.685 627.293.201 636.229.825 599,597 .964 696,270.542 861,514.780 962,865,505 1,034.439.264 1.124.652,818 1. 192, 395,607 1.249.552.756 1.327,672.672 I,a57.88l,186 1.472,995,209 $6,149,305 148.522.678 463,211.919 522,277.740 570,313.544 615.861.484 624,347.757 625,854,949 628,728,071 634.509.781 637,67^,743 639,286.743 647,371.030 661,205,403 670,540.105 677.448.933 682,383.277 686,401,168 687.958,920 $3.23 7.01 11.10 10.10 10.15 8.93 9.18 9.10 8.40 9.55 11.56 12.63 13.45 14.47 15.07 15.45 16.21 16.31 17.40 10.15 2.96 7.39 8.16 8.70 9.20 9.13 8.97 8.81 8.70 8.56 8.38 8.42 8.50 8.48 8.38 8.33 8.24 8.12 $3.38 9.97 18.49 18.26 18.85 18.13 18.31 18.07 17.21 18.25 20.12 21.01 21.87 22.97 23.55 23.83 24.55 24.55 25.52 1880.... 1890.... 1891.... 1892 1893 1894 1895. 1896.... 1897.... 1898.... 1899 1900.' 1901.. 1902 1904 1905 1906 so CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1908. PRODUCT OF GOLD AND SILVER BY STATES AND TERRITORIES. Approximate distribution, by producing states and territories, for the calendar year 1905 as estimated by the director of the mint. STATE OR TERRITORY. GOLD. SILVER. Total value (silver at commer- cial value) Fine ounces. Value. Fine ounces. Commer- cial value. Alabama Alaska 2.008 722.026 130.192 928.660 1,243.2=11 4.586 52,032 817 $41,500 14.925.600 2,691.300 19.197,100 25,701,100 94.800 1,075.600 16,900 300 169.200 2,605.700 1.082.000 12,942.800 900 8,125.600 13.454'.700 5.S63.500 354.900 13.200 88.900 200 179,000 95.400 417.21)0 10,319,800 200 119.400 2,700 $13 103,212 1.589.477 6HO,020 7.895.108 549 4,956,61(5 61 154,330 7 8fi9 8,207',367 3,576,735 216,489 8.052 54,229 122 109.190 58.194 254,492 6.295.078 122 72.834 1.647 $41.683 15.028.812 4.280.777 19.857.120 33.596.208 95,349 6,032,216 16.961 154,330 7,869 13,096,667 8,935.835 482,289 131,952 1,299.129 95,222 7,023,090 61,494 256.392 11,435,978 5,122 442,834 25,347 Arizona California Colorado Georgia . Idaho Maryland Michigan Missouri Montana 236,520 259,246 12,858 5,994 60.222 4.600 334,460 160 92 248.691 242 17.899 1446 4,889,300 5.359.100 265,800 123.900 1,244.900 95.100 6,913,900 iiaoo 5,140.9(10 5.000 370.000 23,700 South Carolina , South Dakota * Utah Virginia Wyoming Total 4.265.742 88.180,700 56,101.600 34.221.976 122.402.676 WORLD'S PRODUCTION OF GOLD AND SILVER SINCE 1492. [FrOm report of the director of the mint, 1906.] CALENDAR YEARS. Goia Silver (coining value). Per cent gold. +3 . C I* gg r s CALENDAR YEARS. Gold. Silver (coining value). Per cent gold. Is o > Jr 74.7 67.0 64.8 47.1 21.7 21.9 27.1 30.0 41.5 47.0 54.5 55.5 55.6 45.4 39.8 1492 1520 $107,931.000 114.205.000 90,492.000 90.917.000 98.085.000 113,248.000 110.324.000 116.571,000 123.048.000 143.088,000 253.'611.'000 327.161.000 275,211.000 236,464,000 118.152.000 $54.703.000 'As.n8;.uoo 207.240.000 248.990.000 348.354.000 351.579,000 327,221.000 304.525.000 5M). 166.000 284,240.000 296,629,000 44&232IOOO 642,658,000 730,810.000 371.677.000 66.4 55.9 30.4 26.7 22.0 24.4 25.2 27.7 30.5 33.5 36.6 41.4 42.5 33.7 24.4 24.1 33.6 44.1 69.6 73.31 78.0 75.el T4.8I 72.3 69.5 66.5 63.4 58.6 57.5 66.3 75.6 75.9, 1811-1820 18211830.. . $76,063.000 94,479.000 134.841,000 3(53.928.000 662.566,000 670.415.000 614,944.000 648,071,000 577,883.000 572,931.000 495.582.000 564,474,000 814,736.000 1.286,505,400 1,610.309.700 $224.786.000 191.444,000 247,930.000 324.400.000 184.169.000 188,092.000 228.861.000 278.313,000 409.332.000 509,256:000 594.773.000 704.074.000 1.018.708.000 1,071,148.400 1,066,848,300 25.3 33.0 35.2 52.9 78.3 78.1 72.9 70.0 58.5 53.0 45.5 44.5 44.4 54.6 60.2 1521-1544 1545-1560 15611580 1831-1840 1841 1850.... 15811600 18511855 1601 1620 18561860 1621 1640 1861 1865 18661870 1641 1660 1661 1680 18711875 1681-1700 1701 1720 18761880 18811885 18861890 18911895 1896-1900 1901-1905 1721-1740 17411760 .. . 1761-1780.... 17811800 18011810 PRICE OF BAR SILVER IN LONDON. Highest, lowest and average price of bar silver per ounce British standard (.925) since 1869 and the equiv alent in United States gold coin of an ounce 1,000 fine, taken at the average price. CALEN- DAR YEAR. Lowest quota- tion. Highest Average Value of a fine ounce at average quotat'n $1.325 CALEN- DAR YEAH. 1896. . . , 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 Lowest quota- tion. Highest Average quota- quota- tion, tion. Va lueof a fine ounce at ave rate quotat'n .93512 L. 04633 .9S7S2 .87106 .78031 .03479 .65406 .67 437 .(50162 .59010 .60154 .62007 .59595 .52795 .54257 .57876 .H1027 167689 MONEY AND FINANCE. 87 MONEY OF THE WORLD (JAN. 1, 1906) Monetary systems and approximate stocks of money in the principal countries of the world as reported by the director of the mint. COUNTRY. Monetary standard. Monetary unit. Population in millions. JN .5 M cS ill o ,si |5g5 PEU CAPITA. SIS is OQ *-* o a "0 SIsS 3 Gold. Sil- ver. Pa- per. To- tal. United States Austria-Hungary Belgium Gold . . Gold . . Gold . . Gold . . Gold . . Dollar Crown Franc. Pound sterling Dollar 84.0 49.1 7.1 4.8 5.8 43.7 295.2 7.7 5.4 3.7 1.6 2.6 9.8 2.9 39.1 W.G 2.4 1.4 33.6 50.9 13.6 5.5 2.3 5.4 6.4 143.4 2.7 6.1 ?! SJ 4.5 1.3 .3 .1 .1 .7 4.6 1.0 2.6 18.8 5.3 3.3 24.0 4.7 330.1 1,420.8 307.3 30.5 144. 4 53.1 559.1 277.0 51.5 f'i 8* 87.0 4.4 1,032.6 917.4 5.6 1.0 189.5 69.9 8.6 41.0 7.6 5.3 15.0 854.9 3.7 100.0