I 




: 
: 






'5 

IS 
'I 

•i 




CENTRAL CIRCULATION BOOKSTACKS 

The person charging this material is re- 
sponsible for its renewal or its return to 
the library from which it was borrowed 
on or before the Latest Date stamped 
below. The Minimum Fee for each Lost 
Book is $50.00. 

Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons 
for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from 
the University. 
TO RENEW CAll TELEPHONE CENTER, 333-8400 

UNIVERSITY OF lUINOIS IIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 



2 i m 



APR 2 4 1995 



When renewing by phone, write new due date below 
previous due date. LI 62 




Publications 

OF 



FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL 

HISTORY 



REPORT SERIES 
Volume XII 




,;it LlbKARY OF THE 

JUL 3 01942 

ui'^lVtRSITY OF ILLINOIS 



CHICAGO, U.S.A. 
1939-1941 



?) 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 



TO THE 



BOARD OF TRUSTEES 



FOR THE YEAR 1941 




Itit LlUKAhY Of iHF, 

J 1942 
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 



REPORT SERIES 

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 

VOLUME 12, NUMBER 3 
JANUARY, 1942 



PUBLICATION 515 



OMHE 



r 1.1.1 Ntu^uit) ■•! .Naluritl Mulury 



lt<t>.iru. Vol. 12. n«ir 23 







k 






/ 




4)-'VHt*'*-«^i 



SOLOMON A. SMITH 

Mr. Smith bu served faithfully and wrll as Treanurer of Fiold Museum sinw- 1915. He was 

elected a Tnntce in 1920. Anistant Secretao" in 1928. and 

Chaiman of the Finance Committee in 1940 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 

TO THE 

BOARD OF TRUSTEES 

FOR THE YEAR 1941 



THE LIBRARY OF THE 

JUL 3 01942 

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 




REPORT SERIES 

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 

VOLUME 12, NUMBER 3 

JANUARY, 1942 

PUBLICATION 515 



PRtVTID IN THI tn«tTU> STATBS OF AMIItCA 

■T FiBLO Musnm mess 



CONTENTS 

PAGE 

List of Plates 335 

Officers, Trustees, and Committees, 1941 337 

Former Members of the Board of Trustees 338 

FJormer Officers 339 

List of Staff 340 

Report of the Director 343 

Department of Anthropology 362 

Department of Botanj^ 371 

Department of Geology 382 

Department of Zoology 389 

N. W. Harris Public School Extension 399 

James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for 

Public School and Children's Lectures 402 

Lectures for Adults 409 

Layman Lectures 410 

Library 412 

Pubhcations and Printing 416 

Photography and Illustration 420 

Maintenance and Construction 422 

Public Relations 427 

Membership 429 

Comparative Attendance Statistics and Door Receipts . . 432 

Comparative Financial Statements 433 

List of Accessions 434 

Articles of Incorporation 449 

Amended By-Laws 451 

Liist of Members 456 

Benefactors 456 

Honorary Members 456 

333 



^^\ Contents 

Last of Members— Coii/imirf/ r*. 

ralTx)n3. 4i>6 

Corresponding Members 4r>7 

Contributors 4;')" 

Cor]>orate Members . 4;'- 

Life Members 45.^ 

Xon-Resident Life Members 460 

Associate Members 461 

yon-Resident Associate Members 47 

Susiaininjj Members 47 

Annual Members 47 



LIST OF PLATES 



FACING 
PAGE 



23. Solomon A. Smith 331 

24. Cup Stand from Kish 342 

25. Pit House near Reserve, New Mexico 362 

26. A Cassava Mill in Northeastern Brazil 374 

27. Seaweeds on the North Atlantic Coast 380 

28. New Type of Exhibit in Paleontology 388 

29. Green Peafowl 396 

30. A Group of American Crocodiles Sunning on a Rocky Reef . 404 

31. Portable Natural History Exhibit for Chicago Schools . . 408 

32. A Glimpse of Part of the New Hall of Gems and Jewels 

(Hall 31) 424 



335 



OFFICERS, TRUSTEES, AND COMMITTEES, 1941 

President 
Stanley Field 

First Vice-President Second Vice-President 

Albert A. Sprague Silas H. Strawn 

Third Vice-President Secretary 

Albert W. Harris* Clifford C. Gregg 

Treasurer and Assistant Secretary 
Solomon A. Smith 

BOARD OF TRUSTEES 

Lester Armour Albert W. Harris* 

Sewell L. Avery Samuel Insull, Jr. 

W. McCoRMicK Blair Charles A. McCulloch 

Leopold E. Block William H. Mitchell 

Boardman Conover George A. Richardson 

Walter J. Cummings Theodore Roosevelt 

Albert B. Dick, Jr. Solomon A. Smith 

Howard W. Fentonj Albert A. Sprague 

Joseph N. Field Silas H. Strawn 

Marshall Field Albert H. Wetten 

Stanley Field John P. Wilson 

COMMITTEES 

Executive. — Stanley Field, Solomon A. Smith, Charles A. McCulloch, 
George A. Richardson, Albert A, Sprague, Marshall Field, 
Silas H. Strawn, John P. Wilson. 

Finance. — Solomon A. Smith, Albert W. Harris,* Leopold E. Block, 
John P. Wilson, Albert B. Dick, Jr., Walter J. Cummings. 

Building. — Charles A. McCulloch, Albert H. Wetten, William H. 
Mitchell, Joseph N. Field, Lester Armour. 

Auditing. — George A. Richardson, W. McCormick Blair, Albert H. 
Wetten. 

Pension. — Albert A. Sprague, Sewell L. Avery, Samuel Insull, Jr. 



♦Resigned October 20, 1941 
t Elected November 17, 1941 



337 



KORMKi: MKMiiKKS 
OF THK I'.OMM) OF TIU'STEES 

Georob E. Adams* 1893 1917 

Owen- F. Alois' 1893-1898 

Allison V. Ahmoi k* 1S93 1894 

Edward P'. AvKR* 1893 1927 

JoH.vC. Black* 1H93 1894 

M.C.Bullock* 1893-1894 

Daniel II. RtRNii^M* 1893-1894 

Georc.e K. Davis* 1893-1899 

JAMt;s W. Elusworth* 1H93-1894 

Charljxs H. Farwell* 1893-1894 
Frank W. Gi nsallis* 1893-1894, 1918-1921 

Emm. G. HiRs<M* 1893-1894 

Charle,s L. HiTCHiNSON* 1-93-1894 

John A. Rfx-HE* ... 1893-1894 

Martina. Ryersov* 1S93 19.32 

Edwin Walker* 1S93 1910 

Watson F. Blair* 1894-1928 

William J. Chalmers* 1894-1938 

Harlow N. Hicinbotham* 1894-1919 

HiNTiNfiToN W. Jackson* 1894 1900 

Arthur B. Jones* 1894-1927 

George Manierrk* 1894-1924 

Norman B. Kkam* 1894-1910 

NOrman Williams* 1894-1899 

Cyrus H. M( Cormick* 1894-1936 

Marshall Field. Jr.* 1899-1905 

FUEDERKK J. V. Skikk* 1902 1921 

Georc-.e F. Porter* 1907-1916 
Richard T. Crane. Jr.* 1908 1912. 1921-1931 

John Barton Payne* 1910 1911 

Chauncev Keep* 1915 1929 

Henry Field* 1916 1917 

William Wriwley. Jr.* 1919-1931 

John Rordkn 1920-1938 

JAMf:s Simpson* 1920-1939 

Albert W. Harris 1920 1941 

Harry E. Byram* 1921-1928 

F:rn*est R. Graham* 1921 1936 

D. C. Da vies* 1922 1928 

Charles H. Markham* 1924 1930 

Frederick H. Rawson* 1927 1935 

Stephen C. SIMMS* 1 92. S 1937 

William V. Kelley* 1929-1932 

Fred W. Sarcent* 1929-1939 

Leslie Wheeler* 1934-1937 

* Dbcb.v<ibd 

338 



FORMER OFFICERS 



Presidents 

Edward E. Ayer* 1894-1898 

Harlow N. Higinbotham* 1898-1908 

First Vice-Presidents 

Martin A. Ryerson* 1894-1932 

Second Vice-Presidents 

Norman B. Ream* 1894-1902 

Marshall Field, Jr.* 1902-1905 

Stanley Field 1906-1908 

Watson F. Blair* 1909-1928 

James Simpson* 1933-1939 

Albert A. Sprague 1929-1932 

Third Vice-Presidents 

Albert A. Sprague 1921-1928 

James Simpson* 1929-1932 

Albert W. Harris 1933-1941 

Secretaries 

Ralph Metcalf 1894 

George Manierre* 1894-1907 

Frederick J. V. Skiff* 1907-1921 

D. C. Da VIES* 1921-1928 

Stephen C. Simms* 1928-1937 

Treasurers 

Byron L. Smith* 1894-1914 

Directors 

Frederick J. V. Skiff* 1893-1921 

D. C. Davies* 1921-1928 

Stephen C. Simms* 1928-1937 

* Deceased 



339 



LIST OF STAFF 

DiRKirroR 

C1.IKK0RI) r. (Irk ;<;• 

ASSIST NVr TO III! ntRF.croR 
Orr Goodson 

DKrvRTMF.NT «)K \M IIK( )roH><;Y 

pAii, S. Martin. -r.ifor 

Mksry FiKl.D.t Curalor, J:.,. .... Anthropolo^jy 

Wii.KRH) I). Hambly, Curator, Afriran Ethnology 

Pa<"M\Ri) A. Martin", Curator, War Kaatrrn Archaeology 

C. Maktis Wii.nrR, Curator, Chinrxr Archaeology and Ethnology 

Al.KXANDBR SroKHR. Anitintanl ('nrator, S'orth American 

/•     • 

OoN'Ai.n roi.i.iKR. .-l^jtui/ari: . . Kthnology and Archaeology 

T. (Ii: >R(;e Allen, Research Associate, Egyptian Archaeology 

.\. L. Krokhkr.   • '   , 

.1 Kric Thomi*S(>n, /^ . .1 tology 

John Risaldo,* Associate, Southtcestern Archaeology 

Robert Yule, Assistant, Ar' " / 

Alfrf.i* \.y.y. R.>\vell, Dioramist .\ I vrdinc Sp.irhr. ArfLti 

DFPSRTMF.NT OK BOTANY 

B. E. Daml'JREN, Chief Curalor 

Paul C. Standley. Curator. Herbarium 

J. Francis NT :■ „ 

JlLIAN A. STK; : . .:■ . 7« 

P'ltANCLS Drouet, Cm rotor, Cryptogamic Botany 

I>I,K\VF.I.VN Wii ' " >nomic r 

Samiel J. RkcoRP. . L . Wood i  ogy 

E. E. Sherff, Research Associate, Systematic Botany 

Kmil Sella, Chief Pre parator MiLTON C0PULO8, Artist -Pre para lor 

l)KP\RTMK\T OF (;K0I,(K;Y 

Hksry W. Nichols, (hirf Curator 

Klmer S. RI(;<;s, Curator, Paleontology 

Bryan Patterson, Assistant Curator, Paleontology 

Paci. O. McGrew, t " r' • .i,^y 

James H. Qi INN. ' , yj/ 

Sharat K. Roy. Curator, Geology 

TIeN'RY HERPKR5,' * 'mt Curator, Crnlngy 

Bryant MaTMK.R.* ' CuT^tor. ^f\nfr.^\ogy 

OF.PARTMrVT OK /«»«>l 0<.^ 
Karl P. S<MMir>T, Chief Curator 

Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator Emeritus 
Colin Campbell Sanborn. Curator, Mammals 

RlDYERD BoCLTON, Curator, Birds 

C. E. flELLMAYR, Associate Curator, Birds 

Emmftt R. Blake. AssLitanl Curator, Birds 

BoARDMAN CoNovER, Research Ai>?ociate, Birds 

LoiTS B. Bishop. Research Associate, Birds 

Ellen T. Smith, Associate, Birds 



< In «b« Vation'a ScrrtoB 
tR«MCn«d. 1941 



340 



DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY (Continued) 

Melvin a. Traylor, Jr.,* Associate, Birds 

R. Magoon Barnes, Curator, Birds' Eggs 

Clifford H. Pope, Curator, Amphibians and Reptiles 

Alfred C. Weed, Curator, Fishes 

LoREN P. Woods, Assistant Curator, Fishes 

William J. Gerhard, Curator, Insects 

Rupert L. Wenzel, Assistant Curator, Insects 

Fritz Haas, Curator, Lower Invertebrates 

D. DwiGHT Davis, Curator, Anatomy and Osteology 

TAXIDERMISTS 

Julius Friesser C. J. Albrecht 

L. L. Pray Leon L. Walters 

W. E. EiGSTi John W. Mover 

Frank C. Wonder, Assistant Taxidermist 

Frank H. Letl, Preparator of Accessories 

Nellie Starkson, Artist-Preparator 

Joe B. Krstolich, Artist-Preparator 

associate editor of scientific publications 

Lillian A. Ross 

department of the N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 

John R. Millar, Curator A. B. Wolcott, Assistant Curator 

THE JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND FOUNDATION 
FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL AND CHILDREN'S LECTURES 

Miriam Wood, Chief 

Leota G. Thomas Elizabeth Hambleton 

Marie B. Pabst Elizabeth Best Bert E. Grove 

the LIBRARY 

Emily M. Wilcoxson, Librarian 
Mary W. Baker, Associate Librarian 
Eunice Gemmill, Assistant Librarian 

administration and RECORDS 

Benjamin Bridge, Auditor Henry F. Ditzel, Registrar 

Noble Stephens, Assistant Auditor 

Warren E. Raymond, Assistant Registrar 

A. L. Stebbins, Bookkeeper Elsie H. Thomas, Recorder 

Robert E. Bruce, Purchasing Agent 

public relations counsel division of memberships 

H, B. Harte Pearle Bilinske, in charge 

Paul G. Dallwig, the Layman Lecturer 

DIVISIONS of photography AND ILLUSTRATION 

C. H. Carpenter, Photographer John Janecek, Illustrator 

staff ARTIST DIVISION OF PRINTING 

Arthur G. Rueckert Farley H. Wade, in charge 

GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT CHIEF ENGINEER 

W. H. Corning William E. Lake 

James R. Shouba, Assistant Superintendent 

captain of the guard 

E. S. Abbey 

*In the Nation's Service 

341 



field Museum of Natural History 



Report s, Vol. 12, Plate 21 




CUP STAND FROM KISH 

Bronze, with drinking vessel of stone. The base of the stand is cast in the form of 

a frog, with inlays of shell for eyes. From a Sumerian tomb, 3000 B.C. 

Hall of Babylonian Archaeology (Hall K) 



THE UBAAHr 
OF THE 

amvER^TY Of auMQis 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 

1941 

To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History: 

H I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the 
Museum for the year ending December 31, 1941. 

i During the past year I have been on active duty with the United 
States Army, serving at Sixth Corps Area Headquarters in Chicago. 
I desire to express my sincere appreciation to the Board of Trustees 
for permitting me to continue as Director of the Museum during 
this period. I further desire to record my gratitude to President 
Stanley Field, who by assuming many of the duties which normally 
fall to the Director has made it possible for me to carry the remaining 
load in the evening hours and in the week-ends at my disposal. 

The activities of the past year have been colored somewhat by 
anticipation of the impending war, which finally came to our country 
on December 7. Every effort was made at the Museum to bring 
to a conclusion the many required tasks of maintenance and the 
many purchases of equipment which might be difficult to obtain 
due to the increasing restrictions brought about by so-called "defense 
priorities." 

On June 30 the federal Work Projects Administration program 
at Field Museum was discontinued by governmental order to make 
available the full force of WPA assistance for other projects closely 
connected with the national defense efforts. The administration of 
Field Museum had long anticipated the discontinuance of this 
program, and the Director had repeatedly warned the staff to bring 
as many special projects to a conclusion as possible. It was desired 
to avoid being caught with several unfinished projects on hand and 
no labor available. This course of action proved to be a wise one. 
Temporary provision was made for a very few unfinished items of 
business, as it was manifestly impossible to foresee accurately the 
3xact month when discontinuance of WPA work would occur. 

r' During the latter part of the year plans were made for operations 
3n a greatly reduced scale, because the current and future enormous 
ncreases in taxation are almost certain to be felt in the way of 
-educed income for this institution. The competition for contribu- 
:ions, due to the needs of many worth-while wartime projects such 
IS United Service Organizations, the Red Cross, and others, together 

343 



I 



'Ml FiKi.D M J OK Natiral History Rki^orts. Vol. 12 

with the projHT <lesirr of our citizens to purri : • ; mrav (iu:iniiiu- 
as |)ossible of govemment Ixinds for war purjH,,,.,. js l>ound to bt 
felt in the form of loss of income at the Museum. It seems proper, 
then, to plan to operate on a retluced income, maintaining as far 
35 is possible all of the many sen-ices available to the public in order 
that the influence of this institution may still be felt at a time when 
normal educational and cultural influences are most necessary. It 
is hoi)od. however, that Meml>ers of the Museum will appreciate 
the problems of this institution as well as its senices to the public, 
and will therefore continue their support to the best of their ability. 
It is encouraging to note that desi)ite the increasing demands made 
upon the public purse, the Museum achieve<i a modest gain in 
memberships fiuring 1!M1. There were 4.313 names of Members 
on the rolls at December 31 as comparer! with 4,225 on the corre- 
sponding date of the previous year. 

One of the major undertakings completed during the year 
the relocation and reconstruction of the Librar>' so as to make r 
more easily available to the public. The op|x)rtunity was seize*! 
to install the finest type of indirect lighting available, and further, 
to build into the new librar>- many of the features found to be 
helpful through an experience of twenty years in its former location. 
The space formerly occupie<l by the Library has been converted into 
a stackroom, where provision has been made in advance to take 
care of the expected increases in space demands due to the additional i 
books and pamphlets which are continually being acquired. It hat I 
al.so been possible to provide for the binding of many years' accumu- 
lation of perio<iicals. and for the rebinding of many fine volume- 
which had .suffered from years of almost constant use. 

Another outstanding improvement accomplished during 1941 
was the reinstallation of the splendid collection of gems and jew« - 
in H. N. Higinboiham Hall (Hall 31 ). These beautiful and v: 
precious and .semi-precious stones had been di.«<played since i.MJi in 
the original cases which container! them at the time of their acquisi- 
tion. It is historically interesting to recall further that these cases 
hou.se<l the basic collection at the 1S93 World's Columbian P>xpo«i- 
tion in Chicago. During the intervening years tremendous impro ♦- 
ments have been made in case-building, room con.struction. and \ 
lighting. The opening of the new hall late in June brought amaze- 
ment to many who were quite familiar with the collections, for th- r 
great beauty had been .so inadefjuately brought out in the former 
in.stallation that a sharply .striking and certainly most pleasing con- 



I 



Introduction 345 

trast was provided by the improvements now achieved. On the day 
of opening, a reception and tea were announced for the Members of 
the Museum, many of whom responded and were welcomed to the 
new Hall of Gems. 

One of the most unusual exhibits in any museum of anthropology 
or natural history is that of the mummy Harwa, which was installed 
in the Hall of Egyptian Archaeology (Hall J) in 1941 after being 
seen by millions at the New York World's Fair during 1939 and 1940. ^ 
This mummy came to America in 1904 and has been a part of Field 
Museum's collection since that time. It was lent to the General 
Electric X-ray Corporation for the purpose of their special exhibit, 
due to the fact that this institution and that company had previously 
co-operated in experiments to perfect the technique of X-raying 
material of this type. At the close of the second year of the fair 
in New York, the General Electric X-ray Corporation, in apprecia- 
tion, graciously presented the entire exhibit to Field Museum. I 
desire here to express publicly the sincere thanks of this institution 
for such a splendid gift. The exhibit has been placed in a special 
; chamber in Hall J. There visitors may see Harwa first in his external 
I mummy wTappings; then, automatically, a fluoroscopic screen moves 
I in front of the mummy and an electric current of 125,000 volts 
activates X-rays which penetrate to Harwa's interior and project 
the image of his ancient skeleton on the screen. Lead glass protects 
visitors from being harmed by the rays. The X-ray and mechanical 
equipment were especially designed and built for this particular 
purpose, at a cost of many thousands of dollars. General Electric 
engineers and technicians assisted in the work of installing it at 
the Museum. When visitors to the Egyptian Hall are few in number, 
they may themselves operate the exhibit by pushing a button. On 
days when there are many visitors, the cycle is repeated automatically 
at 40-second intervals throughout the day. 

The opening in 1941 of the Hall of Fishes (Hall 0) on the ground 
floor completes a series of three splendid halls which are devoted 
to marine life. The Hall of Marine Mammals (Hall N) occupies a 
central position and contains habitat groups of seals, sea lions, 
manatee, and narwhal. On the south side of this hall is the Hall of 
Lower Invertebrates (Hall M) which was announced in the Annual 
Report of the Director for the year 1939. The new Hall of Fishes, 
which was opened in July, is adjacent to and directly connected 
with the Hall of Marine Mammals. Habitat groups include one 
showing the fishes of the Bahama coral reefs, another showing the 



:UH FiKi D MisKiM OK N'atijral History Rkports. Vol. 12 

rcx-ky coast of Maine, and one of the siindy ocean floor of the Texa 
coast. In addition, there is an extensive .sy.stematic collection of 
fishes in kindri»d forms runninjj from the giant whale-.nhark down 
to the tiny frog-fish from the Sargas-so Sea. 

Throughout this report there are cited many in.stances of nev, 
exhibits which have been opened to the public. It is only natur. 
that any reader would attribute full creriit to the department 
spon.soring each exhibit. Little thought or appreciation is given 
to the Divi.sion of Maintenance or the Divi.sion of Kngineerinr 
through whose efforts the painstaking details of casc-plannin. 
lighting, construction, and even to a large extent the actual in.stall;. 
tion are carried out. I am pleased to call especial attention to tl 
effect iveness. thoroughness, and .spirit of co-operation with whicr 
these divi.sions carry- on their work. 

There are many persons whose names are not found in the pn 
reports or on the labels of the Mu.seum exhibits, who contributt 
valuable ser\-ice without which the Museum could not continue. 
I acknowle<lge a debt of gratitude to the many men and worn 
who perform routine jobs with .skill and extreme care, and who thui 
contribute to the maintenance of the good name of this institution. 

A development which will contribute greatly to the comfort and 
convenience of the public was the replacement with new facilities, 
at a cost approximating $;30.(XK), of the former distantly .separated 
men's and women's lavatories. The new arrangement con.sists of 
a lobby, providing smoking-room and rest-room accommodations 
and a meeting place for both men and women, on either .side of which 
are new lavatories with capacity double that formerly available^ 
and fittei^i out with the most modern e<iuipment. Details of thi". 
and other construction and maintenance accomplishments, includir 
tuck pointing of the Mu.seum building and rebuilding of the par.:, 
walls on the north .side of the building, will be found in this Report 
under the heading Maintenance and Construction (page 422). 

After the entrance of the United States into the war, such 
steps were taken throughout the building as were con.sidered 
necessary to provide protection against possible new hazards from 
.saboteurs, fire, and other eventualities. 

In times .such as those through which we are now living. preser\a- 
tion of public morale is generally conceded to be one of the mo.st 
important factors toward winning the war and winning the peacf 
to which we look forward. F'ield Mu.seum and kindred institution- 
are performing and must continue to perform a leading function in 



i 



Introduction 347 

this respect both for men in the armed services of the nation and for 
civihans. The value of the Museum as a haven for mental and 
spiritual rehabilitation is recognized by Army and Navy authorities, 
and groups of soldiers, sailors, marines, and coast guardsmen, when 
on leave or furlough, are constantly coming to the Museum. Ad- 
mission to the Museum is free of charge on all days to men in 
military uniform. The attendance during 1941 — 1,258,147 persons — 
indicates that the Museum is serving its role as a morale sustainer 
and morale builder. Although this attendance was somewhat under 
that of the preceding year, it compares favorably with the average 
of other recent years. Slight fluctuations from the general level 
established over a period of years are naturally to be expected, 
and can hardly be considered as abnormal. Further illustration 
of the tendency toward unaccountable fluctuations is afforded by 
the number of paid admissions which went in the opposite direction, 
increasing to 86,535 as against 80,888 in 1940. 

In addition to those actually visiting the Museum itself, the 
institution's benefits were extended, as in past years, to many addi- 
tional hundreds of thousands outside the Museum, through traveling 
exhibits circulated by the N. W. Harris Public School Extension, 
and through the extension lectures provided in the schools by the 
James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for Public 
School and Children's Lectures. Further, as has been emphasized 
in past Reports, scientific information originating in Field Museum 
reaches probably millions of other people in this country and else- 
where through such channels as thousands of newspapers and 
periodicals, the institution's own publications, and the radio. 

Programs such as the Museum's spring and autumn courses of 
lectures for adults, the spring, summer and autumn series of moving 
picture programs for children presented by the Raymond Foundation, 
the daily guide-lecture tours, the Sunday afternoon Layman Lec- 
tures presented by Mr. Paul G. Dallwig, and other special events, 
were responsible for bringing more than 110,000 persons to the 
Museum. Special groups included the annual delegations of farm 
boys and girls sent to the Museum by the National Congress of 
Four-H Clubs, the adult graduating class of the Chicago Public 
Schools, whose commencement exercises were held in the James 
Simpson Theatre, the American Society of Mammalogists, which 
held its annual convention at the Museum, the American Oriental 
Society, the Hoosier Salon Patrons Association, and the Chicago 
Chapter of the American Gem Society. 



I 



848 FiKi.i) MusKiM OF Natirai. History KKfoRTs. Vol, 12 

Due to tho abnormal conditions exi.stinR in the world, and their 
etTwt ui)on the yield of such stvurilii's as are held in the endowment 
funds oi the Mus4nim, this institution is more than usually dei>endent 
uiM»n the n^nerous contnbutn»ns of its l>enefaclors. Acknow' ' 
ment is hereby made to thost* who have contributed to the Mustuui ^ 
funds, and also to those who have given material for use in th*» 
exhibits, study collections, and Librar>'. 

Mr. Marshall Field, member of the lioard of Trustees, again, 
as for many years past, was the Museum's outstanding individual 
supjxirter. his contributions during HMl amounting to the sum of 
$282,81.'). 2-1, or more than one-third of the Museum's entire expemi 
tures for the year. 

The special fund maintained by Mr. Stanley Field, President i 
of the Museum, for designate<l pur]>oses (and purposes to be desig- i 
nalo<ii w;ls augmented during 1011 by his gifts totaling $20,003. 

The operations of the James N'el.son and Anna Loui.se Raymond 
P'oundation for Public School and Children's Lectures were .sup- • 
I>orted, as they have been ever since 192'), by the Foundo*. Mn, i 
James Nelson Raymond, who during 1041 contributes! $6,000 for ; 
this purpose. 

Mrs. Richard T. Crane. Jr.. presente<i twenty-three gems, valued 
at $2'). (MM), for a«ldition to the collections in the new H. N. Higin- 
botham Hall of (iems and Jewels. This hall is namefl in honor '^' 
Mrs. Cranes father, who providcfi the original and major part i... 
the collection in \S^M. He ser\ofl as a Trustee in the period from 
1804 until his death in 1010. and was the second President of the 
Museum (1808 1008). 

.Another notable contribution for Higinbotham Hall is a beautiful 
stained glass window by Tiffany, valued at $1,000, and presented 
by Mr. F. C. James, of Cleveland. Ohio. The installation of th 
wind(^w in the hall adds greatly to the pleasing decor of the roon 
In re<'ognition of this gift, the Tru lecle^l Mr. James to mem- 

bership as a Contributor (Mrs. Cratiu - name already had been on 
the list of Contributors for .some years past as a result of oth<^ 
gifts she had made at various times). 

Gifts from Mr. I.,eon Mandel amounted to $1,747.76. Als^i at ' 
his own expense. Mr. Mandel sponsored an expedition to the < - 
pagos Islands. 

Prior to his much regretted death, on August 26, 1041, Mr. 
Charles H. Schweppe, for years a generous contributor to the 



Introduction 349 

Museum, made a further gift of $2,000 for an exhibition project 
toward which he had given $2,500 in the preceding year. 

Dr. Louis B. Bishop, of Pasadena, CaUfornia, was elected a 
Contributor following the receipt of his gift of 1,180 specimens of 
birds (valued at more than $2,210) for addition to the Bishop Collec- 
tion of Birds, which he founded. Since acquisition by the Museum 
in 1939 of the major portion of its more than 50,000 specimens, the 
Bishop Collection has constituted one of the principal resources of 
the Division of Ornithology. 

The continued purchase of specimens of birds of prey for addition 
to the collection begun by the late Leslie Wheeler, former Trustee 
of the Museum, was assured by Mrs. Clarence C. Prentice, who 
again made a contribution of $1,000 to the Leslie Wheeler Fund. 

From Dr. Henry J. Bruman, of State College, Pennsylvania, 
the Museum received a valuable collection of ethnological specimens 
representing the Huichol Indians of Mexico. 

Mr. Boardman Conover, a Trustee of the Museum, made gifts 
totaling $1,146, partly for use toward the expenses of an expedition 
to Peru, and the balance for other purposes. 

The death of Mrs. Elizabeth Ayer Johnson on March 13, 1941, 
released to the Museum the Edward E. Ayer Lecture Fund, now 
amounting to $104,077.75 (in which Mrs. Johnson had had a life 
interest). 

The sum of $13,163.78 was received from the Estate of Martin A. 
Ryerson as an additional accrual to the legacy he left the Museum, 
earlier proceeds of which have been reported in previous years. 

From the estate of the late William Benson Storey the Museum 
received payment in 1941 of the $8,000 legacy designated for this 
institution in Mr. Storey's will. The bequest of this sum was 
indicated in the 1940 Annual Report. In recognition of his 
generosity, the Trustees honored Mr. Storey by posthumous election 
to membership as a Contributor to the Museum. 

Among others whose gifts in money or materials were notable 
are Mrs. Sara Carroll Field (Mrs. Stanley Field), Mrs. John Stuart 
Coonley, Mr. Paul C. Standley, Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, and 
Dr. Paul S. Martin. 

Details of the many gifts of material received for the collections 
of the Museum will be found in the departmental sections of this 
Report, and a complete list classified as to departments, and with 
names of donors alphabetically arranged, begins on page 434. 



350 FiKi.i) MisKiM OK N'atikai, Hi.s-roKY Hki'orts. Vol. 12 

'I lu' tax it'vitxl by the Chirapo Park District to aid in uw .support 
of Fiold Museum and other museums, under an act of the Stat* 
lAijislature. yielded $l2*».r.)8.7() to this institution in lOil, a> 
compare*! with $'>S,l:i().:i:] in the prtveclinj? year. 

liejiinninR OctolnT 1. it became necessary for Field Mu.seum to 
cliarne a fe<len4l admi.ssion tax of three cents in addition to th« 
rejiular twenty-five cent,s for adults on Mondays. Tues<lays. Wednes- 
days, and Fridays. This was causetl by Congressional enactment of 
the Revenue Act of 1011. which remove<i the exemption from tax 
on admission charges which formerly applie<i to relisious, educational 
and charitable organizations. The free days. Thur.«ulays. Saturdrr 
an«l Sundays, are unafTectetl by the provi.sions of the new legi.slaii'-ii 
The Mu.seum will continue to admit .school children free; a'-'> 
students and faculty members of recojjnized e<lucational institut. 
will he admitte<l free on all days upon presentation of propir 
cre<lentials. althouj?h the Mu.seum itself will be required to pa> 
the three-cent lax (m .such admi.ssions, and on all children over 
twelve years of age on the days when charge is made to other persons. 
Tvikewi.se. all Meml>ers of the Mu.seum will retain the privilejje of 
free admission for them.selves. their families, and their guests, 
Admi.ssion will continue to be free on all days to members of the 
arme<l forces of the Tniteci States, in uniform, whom the law 
specifically exempts from the tax. 

On May 2. VM\, Field Mu.seum celebrated the twentieth anni- 
versary- of its occupancy of the present building. Since this monu- 
mental structure was opened on May 2. 1921. more than 25,000,000 
men. women, and children have entered the world of natural .science 
through its portals; during .some twenty-five years when the Mu.seum 
was located in its original home in Jack.son Park an additional 
5,800.000 vi.sitors had been counted, bringing to approximately 
31.000.000 the numl>er .ser\ed during the existence of the institution 
As recalled in a .special article appearing in the May. 1941, issue of 
fiVW Mujtrurti Sens, the task of moving the Mu.seum's exhibit- 
and other collections to the new building in 1921 was a gigantic on« 
- one of the greatest operations of its kind ever undertaken and 
it was accomplished with negligible lo.ss and damage. The .Wjrs 
article points out further that "within the twenty years of occupancy 
of this buiWling. advances and improvements have been so rapid, 
and so constant, that today the Mu.seum is .scarcely recognizable 
as the same institution. Many of the exhibits . . . have either beer, 
changed and improved, or replaced with better material, while the 



Introduction 351 

additions of new material have perhaps doubled both the exhibits 
and the research collections. ... In Jackson Park there were few 
habitat groups . . . today hall after hall presents extensive series of 
this type. . . . Great improvements have been made in labeling . . . 
in lighting. . . . Other Museum activities have kept pace during 
these twenty years with the development in exhibition techniques. 
The educational work of . . . the Harris Extension and the Raymond 
Foundation . . . has grown in scope, importance, and in numbers of 
school children and teachers reached. . . . Twenty years have seen 
an amazing growth in . . . the Library ... in the publications of the 
Museum . . . mechanical equipment. . . . What has happened in 
twenty years cannot be covered in the available space. The im- 
portant thing is that the Museum has kept vigorously alive and 
constantly growing. The move to a new location and building was 
only one of many forward steps that had to be taken to provide 
for its continuing growth and expansion." 

The Board of Trustees held its Annual Meeting on January 20, 
at which time Mr. Stanley Field was re-elected to serve his thirty- 
third consecutive year in the office of President. All other officers 
who had served the Museum in the preceding year were re-elected. 
In October, Mr. Albert W. Harris, Third Vice-President, found it 
necessary for personal reasons to resign from that office and from 
his Trusteeship. The vacancy thus created on the Board was 
filled in December with the election of Mr. Howard W. Fenton 
as a Trustee. The election of a new Third Vice-President was 
deferred for action at the next Annual Meeting, to be held in 
January, 1942. 

A few new appointments to the staff, and other changes in 
personnel, were made during the year: 

Mr. Orr Goodson, a capable business executive, was appointed 
Assistant to the Director. 

Mr. Donald Collier, who has done notable work in American 
archaeology, was appointed Assistant Curator of South Am.erican 
Ethnology and Archaeology, a new post created by new needs; 
and consequently the title of Dr. Alexander Spoehr was changed 
from Assistant Curator of American Ethnology and Archaeology 
to Assistant Curator of North American Ethnology and Archaeology, 
with corresponding limitation of his field to the northern continent. 
The growing importance of inter-American relations justifies an 
increase in the emphasis on this division of the Department of 
Anthropology. Prospects toward the end of the year were that 



3r>2 FiKl.n ^TI•^^t•M ok Vvttum HisTtiiiY Kkpiirts. Vol. 12 

Dr. SiKM^hr would no on leave for the duration of the war in order 
to enter the .Hcnice of the Tnitecl States Army, but fortunately 
Dr. F*aul S. Martin. Chief Curator of the Department, i.s also a 
siHX'ialist in American ethnology and arrhaoolojfj*. Mrs. Alexander 
(Anne HardinR) Sjxx'hr. an ;irtist, w:v< pi von an •.'.'..;-i?f'i«nf fof 
two years on the stafT of thr Drpartmonl of Anthro; „. .e 

a scri«*s of paintings for new exhibits to be installed in the Hall of 
North American Archaeology Hall H); and Mr. Alfred I.ee Rowell 
W.15 a|)pointe<l as Dioramist to prepare a series of miniature dio- 
ramas for the .same hall. 

Mr. J. Kric Thompson, of the stall of the Division of Historical 
Research at the Camogie Instituti(m of Washington. D.C., wm 
given an honorar>* appointment on the stafT of P'ield Museum, 
as Research Ass<x'iate in Middle American Archaeolojo'- Mr. 
Thompson, well known as an ex|>ert on Maya archaeology and 
ethnology, was for a number of years A.s.sistant Curator of Central 
and South American Archaeology at P'ield Mu.seum. 

Mi.ss Klizabeth Best, formerly a volunteer worker in the Depart- 
ment of Zoology, was appointed as a guide-lecturer on the .staff of 
the James Nelson and Anna Ix)uise Raymond Foundation for 
Public School and Children's I>ectures. 

Mr. Carl F. (Jronemann. the Mu.seum's Illustrator since 1917, 
was retired June 30 on pen.sion. due to ill health; .sub.soquently he 
died, on November 4. Mr. John J. Janecek. his as.sistant, was 
appointed Illustrator. 

Mr. Henr>- S. Dybas w.i.-; given a tt'niporar>- appointment as 
^ -nnt in Kntomology. Mr. Joe H. Krstolich was appointed 
... , Preparator in the Department of Zoolog>'. 

.V few appointments, .some temporan,* for .specific tasks and 
periods of time, some permanent for routine positions such as 
pnnters. clerical assistants, preparators. guards, etc., were made 
during the year. Some of these were .selected from the most capable 
of the workers assigried to the Mu.seum by the Work Project* 
Administration, following the termination of the WPA project on 
June 30. 

Dr. Henr>- Field. Curator of Physical Anthropology, resigned to 
accept a special assignment in the Libran.' of Congress, Washington, 
DC. Mr. Henr>- Hcrpers. Assistant Curator of Geology, abo 
resigned. 

As was to be expected under existing conditions, a number of the 
younger men employed by the Museum have been inducted into 



Introduction 353 

various branches of military service; also some others who had 
retained their connections with the reserve corps of the Army and 
Navy have gone into active service. Prospects are that more men 
will likewise be called from time to time during the coming year. 
At the end of 1941, Field Museum's honor roll of men in the service 
of their country, including two members of the Board of Trustees, 
was as follows: 

Theodore Roosevelt, Trustee — Brigadier-General, U. S. Army 
Joseph Nash Field, Trustee — Lieutenant (J. G.), U. S. Navy 
Clifford C. Gregg, Director — Major, U. S. Army 

Melvin A. Traylor, Jr., Associate, Birds — Private, U. S. Marine 

Corps 
Patrick T. McEnery, Guard — Master-at-arms, U. S. Navy 
John Syckowski, Guard — Chief Commissary Steward, U. S. Navy 
George Jahrand, Guard — Chief Water Tender, U. S. Navy 
M. C. Darnall, Jr., Guard — Candidates' Class, U. S. Marine 

Corps Reserve (Officers' Training Course) 
James C. Mclntj^e, Guard — Private, U. S. Army, Coast Artillery 

Others who had been notified that their calls to service would 
come in the first few weeks of 1942, and had arranged their affairs 
accordingly, were: Mr. Lester Armour, a Trustee, who was about 
to resume active service under his reserve commission as a Lieuten- 
ant-Commander in the United States Navy; Dr. John Rinaldo, 
Associate in Southwestern Archaeology, who served several months 
as a private in the Army during 1941 and had been honorably 
discharged, but was subject to recall following the United States' 
declaration of war; Dr. Alexander Spoehr, whose imminent call to 
service as an Army private has already been mentioned; Mr. Clyde 
James Nash, of the Museum guard force, a naval reserve man about 
to be recalled to service as a Chief Gunner's Mate, and Mr. Bert E. 
Grove, guide-lecturer on the Raymond Foundation staff, who had 
enrolled with the American Field Service for ambulance duty in north 
Africa, and at the end of the year was awaiting his sailing orders. 

Also serving the nation, although in a civilian capacity, is Mr. 
Bryant Mather, Assistant Curator of Mineralogy, who was granted 
a leave of absence to accept an emergency appointment in a labora- 
tory at West Point, to work for the Corps of Engineers of the United 
States Army. 

Mr. Herbert Weeks, a preparator in the laboratories of the 
Department of Anthropology since 1918, died on May 13. A skillful 



354 FiKi.i) MrsKiM of Xatihai. Histofiy Rkports. Vol. 12 

artisan, he was resfM)nsiblc for the installation of many cases. Mb 
final, and one of his finest accomplishments. w;is the preparation m 
of the Department of Anthropo|(i>;y's sivlion of H. N'. Hi^inhotham I 
Hall of (lems and Jewels, which was ()pene<i shortly after his death. 
Others who <li(»<l durinj; 1911 were Mr. (ironemann (mention««d 
elsewhere) ; Mr. A.xel Danielson. a oarpenler; Mr. P.ernhard Auch"- r 
assistant collotyper; Mr. Thom.-Ls Mas<in. and Mr. A. J. Thomp 
former maintenance workers who had been retired on i)ension.«i, and t 
Mr. Henry F. McN'eill. a janitor. I'nder the Mu.seum's jfroup i 
insurance policy $2. (MX) w.xs paid to the widow of Mr. Weeks. $1 
to the widow of Mr. (ironemann. $2. .')()() to the widow of Mr. 
Danielson. $1.0()0 to the nephew of Mr. Mason. $1,000 to the son 
and two daughters of Mr. 'i'hompson. and .$1..')(X) to the widow of 
Mr. McNeill. 

The services of faithful and hard-workinp volunteers assisted th0 
Mu.seum apain. as in past years, in the advancement of its r»^-'"'nrr'h 
program, and also in the carrying? on of various routine task ii 

would overtax the meml>ers of the rejrular paid stafT, all of whom 
have full burdens of duty. In the List of the Staff at the bejiinning 
of this Report will be found the names of some of these volunteer 
workers they bear the distinguishing? titles of "Research As.sociate** 
and "Associate" to .set them apart from listings of .salaried workers; 
and one. Mr. Paul (i. Dallwip. who al.so .serves without compen.sation, 
is desijfnate<^i ils "The Layman Lecturer." For their .ser\ices. grateful 
acknowledgment is made to all who are .so listed, and also to the 
following additional volunteers: Mrs. Ro.se Miller, Miss Marjorie 
Kelly. Mr. Millard Rogers, Mi.ss Jane Darrow, and Miss Florence 
Parks Rucker. who performe<l various tasks in the Department of 
Anthropology; Mr. Donald Richards. Mr. Lav^Tence J. King, Dr 
Verne O. (iraham, Mrs. Cloyd P. Stifler. Mr. Frank Dunkel. and 
Mi.ss Jeanne Paul, who as.sisted in the Department of Botany 
Mr. Harold Han.son. Mi.ss Peggy Collins. Dr. Walter Segal!, Mr 
David Owens. Mr. William J. Heecher. and Mr. Robert Haas, wh« 
worke<l in the Department of Zoology, and Mr. Clarence L. I^rown 
who .ser\ed as a volunteer lecturer on the staff of the James Xel.son 
ancl Anna I^oui.se Raymond P'oundation for Public School and 
Children's Lectures. 

The Museum acknowle<lges a great advancement in many 
branches of its work as a result of the efforts of the many worker.- 
assigned to it by the federal Work Projects Admini.stration, whos* 
project at this institution was discontinued on June 30. The worker- 



Introduction 355 

assigned to the Museum by WPA, and by earlier federal and state 
agencies created to cope with the unemployment problem and later 
absorbed into WPA, had been serving Field Museum since 1933, 
and at times the forces assigned to this institution numbered well 
over 200 persons. Most of these men and women proved to be 
willing and conscientious workers, and many had native talents and 
special skills which proved adaptable to various technical phases of 
museum work. A few were so satisfactory that, when their WPA 
assignments terminated, the Museum engaged them to continue 
as regular employees, some on a temporary, and a very few on a 
permanent basis. 

^ As has been the case for several years past, but for even more 
emphatic reasons this year due to the ever-widening expanse of the 
second World War, it was necessary to confine Museum expeditions 
to the western hemisphere. Although satisfactory progress in the 
Museum's research program cannot be made without expeditions, 
it became apparent by the end of the year, especially after the 
entry of our own country into the war, that explorational activities 
of this type probably must be still more severely curtailed for the 
duration of the war, and eventually may cease entirely, even in the 
Latin-American countries. 

' Outstanding among the expeditions of 1941 were the Tenth 
Field Museum Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest, and the 
Leon Mandel Galapagos Expedition. The Southwest expedition, 
directed, as were its nine predecessors, by Dr. Paul S. Martin, 
Chief Curator of Anthropology, this year worked on a site of 
ancient Mogollon culture in western central New Mexico. Its 
findings and collections, in the assemblage of which Dr. Martin 
was assisted by a large staff, are especially important in the broaden- 
ing of knowledge of American archaeology, and are the subject of 
further publications which Dr. Martin has in preparation. The 
Galapagos Expedition, led by Mr. Leon Mandel (his fifth contribu- 
tion of this type to the Museum) made a large collection of fishes, 
reptiles, birds and mammals. The scientific staff was headed by 
Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator Emeritus of Zoology, and included 
Mr. Rudyerd Boulton, Curator of Birds; Mr. Loren P. Woods, 
Assistant Curator of Fishes; Mr. Melvin A. Traylor, Jr., Associate 
in Ornithology; Staff Taxidermist Leon L. Walters, and Mr. Ronald 
Lambert as assistant taxidermist. In the departmental sections of 
this Report (beginning on page 362) will be found detailed accounts 
of these and a number of other expeditions conducted during the year. 



3r)() FlKI.I) MrSKlM OF N'ATt'RAL HiSTUKY KKPORTS. VoL. 12 

'llu' li(H)k Shop of Field Museum had its most successful year 
since its establishment in 19!i8, despite increases afTecting variou 
costs entering into it.s ojHTation. There was a far greater volun • 
of s;iles both over the counter to visitors in the Museum, and ii 
the fultillment of mail orders resulting larjjely from advertising ii 
Fifhi Musium S'eu's, and the distribution several times during thi 
year of lists of books notable for their seiLsonal interest. The stock 
of books and other merchandise (such as book -ends, accural • 
mtxlels of animals, etc.) was maintaine<i on a larger and more varied 
scale than hitherto. Public confidence was sustained by the cor. 
tinued policy of ofTerinjj only .such books, whether for adults or 
children, as bore the endorsement of cjualifie<l members of th 
Mu.seum's scientific stafT to whom they were .submitted for approval. 

The School of the Art Institute of Chicago continued to .sen- 
certain clas.ses to Field Mu.seum to u.se natural histor>' exhibits a 
inspirational material for painting and drawing, under the co-opo^ 
tive arrangement's which have existe<} between the two in.stitut;-'^ 
for many years. Field Mu.seum was of particular value to cl; 
concerned with problems arising in the study of composition 
research, pattern design, and .sketching. P^or students in .such cou: 
as the hi.stor>' of art. the rich collections of art material by primitiv. 
and ancient peoples in the Department of Anthropology were v 
notable value. Instructors in the art .school's Saturday Junio: 
Department brought clas.ses of children to Field Mu.seum as a part 
of their regular curriculum. 

In July. Field Mu.seum presented part of it.s collection of fac- 
.similes of Irish antiquities, formerly exhibited in the Department of 
Anthroixilogy, to the I'niversity of Chicago, and part to Father 
Flanagan's Hoys' Town in Xebraska. A formal presentation of the 
University's pxirtion was made by President Stanley Field to Dr 
ririch A. Middeldorf, Chairman of the University's Department of 
Art. The collection did not fit properly within the .scope of P'ield 
Mu.seum. but at the I'niversity the gold-embo.ssed reproduction.** 
created by Irish craftsmen and representing the major antiqui' • 
of Ireland, will be made available to .scholars in the fields of in.sti 
history, art, and literature. The gift was arranged through the 
Director and Dr. Tom Peete Cro.s.^. Profes.sor of Kngli.sh and Com- 
parative Literature at the University, who is an authority on ancient 
Iri.sh culture. 

Field Mu.seum presented to Chicago's Museum of Science and 
Industry the models of an Illinois brick yard and of a cement plant 



Introduction 357 

which formerly were exhibited in the Department of Geology. 
These exhibits, because of their industrial aspects, seem to fit more 
closely within the scope of the Jackson Park museum than that of 
this institution. 

For the second time, Field Museum participated in the annual 
Rotary Club Exposition, held in April at the Hotel Sherman. In 
recognition of the great public interest in techniques and "behind-the- 
scenes" activities, demonstrations of museum procedures constituted 
the essential part of the display. The booth was manned by Mr. 
W. E. Eigsti, Staff Taxidermist, who mounted specimens for a small- 
mammal exhibit, and Mr. James H. Quinn, Chief Preparator in 
Paleontology, who prepared specimens of fossil ungulates. Planning 
and supervision of the exhibit was by Mr. John R. Millar, Curator 
of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension. 

In accordance with the Museum's policy of co-operating with 
other worthy civic enterprises, special lecture tours were given in 
certain of the exhibition halls on Pan American Day, April 14, 
sponsored by the Pan American Council. Miss Elizabeth Hambleton 
of the Raymond Foundation staff lectured on "Story of the People 
of Latin America," and Mr. Clarence L. Brown, Raymond Founda- 
tion volunteer, on "Commercial Products of Latin America." 

Much favorable comment resulted from Field Museum's repre- 
sentation in the Exhibit of Indian Art of the United States held 
from January to April at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. 
Displayed, together with material from other institutions in all parts 
of the country, were especially selected examples of the finest types 
of Indian arts and crafts. The loan of this material from the collec- 
tions of the Department of Anthropology was made at the urgent 
request of the United States Department of the Interior, which 
particularly desired to make the New York exhibit all-inclusive. 
It should be noted that in consenting to make the loan the Trustees 
were deviating from an established Field Museum policy of many 
years' standing. 

A notable addition to the service of the N. W. Harris Public 
School Extension was made by the placing of ten hospital schools 
on the list of educational institutions receiving the benefits of 
traveling exhibition cases. These hospital schools are branches of 
regular or special public schools, and it is their function to provide 
instruction for children who, through misfortune, must undergo long 
hospitalization for the treatment of various non-infectious maladies 
such as rheumatic heart, chorea, or crippling deformities of various 



H'ks I'lKi.i) MrsKUM OF N*ati:ral History Ukih)Kts. Vol. 12 

kinds. To adapt the Harri.s Kxten.sion cases to hos|)iLal conditiont, 
sjHX'ial tubular metal .stand.s with lar^e frwvrollinK casters were 
ma<ie. These sup|x)rt the usual loan of two .vhool ca.ses at bedside 
or wheel-chair height, and the cases can be moved easily. 

A notable accession for the Division of Kntomolog>' was made 
in the purchase of the Hallou collection of hister beetles, containing 
some 15,(X)0 specimens accumulate<l over a j)eri(Ki of twenty yean 
by Mr. Charles A. Hallou, Jr., former New York publisher. ThU 
is the most exten.sive collection of hister beetles in the America!, 
and includes approximately one-half of all the known species of 
the world, as well as many undescribod ones. Acquisition of this 
collection, made po«vsible by the Kmily Crane Chadboume Fund, 
provides excellent opportunity for extensive systematic research. 

The book. Birds of El Salrodor, publi.shed by Field Museum m 
its Zoological Series, won for its authors. Mr. Aflrian van Rosaem, 
of the University of California at Los Angeles, and the late Donald S. 
Dickey, the William Hrewster Metlal of the American Ornithologists* 
Union. 

The di.scover>' in Guatemala of a showy and .stately .spider-lily 
of a species new to science- a flower that j^ives jrreat promise for 
cultivation in con.servatories and gardens of the United States was 
rejwrted during 1941 by Dr. Julian A. Steyermark. Assistant Curator 
of the Herbarium. He found the plant during his expedition in 
19.39 -10, but neede<i until 1941 to confirm his theor>- that it was a 
new .species. This was accomplished in November when bulbs which 
Dr. Steyermark had brought back grew to the flowering stage at 
the (iarfield Park Con.ser^•ator^•. Dr. Steyermark has prepared a 
technical description for publication. 

Various honors were bestowed upon some of the members of 

the Mu.seum staff during the year: 

The University of Chicago conferre<l the degree of Doctor of 
Philo.sophy upon Curator Sharat K. Roy fGeolog>'>. The degree 
is based partly upon Dr. Roy's research and publication in connec- 
tion with geological and paleontological problems in Baffin Land, 
where he conducted inv- ions .some years ago as a member 

of the Raw.son MacMillan ouuarctic Expedition of Field Museum. 

Columbia Univer.-^ity. N'ew York, conferred the degree of Doctor 
of Philosophy on Curator C. Martin Wilbur (Chinese Archaeology 
and Kthnolog>* I. This degree represents a recognition of Dr. Wilbur's 
exhaustive research and di.ssertation on the subject of slav«y in 
China during part of the Han period. 



Introduction 359 

Field Museum itself honored its Curator Emeritus of Zoology, 
Dr. Wilfred Hudson Osgood, one of America's most eminent bio- 
logical scientists, by the publication of a testimonial volume of some 
400 pages under the title Papers on Mammalogy. An especially 
bound copy of the book was presented to Dr. Osgood by President 
Stanley Field on December 8, which was Dr. Osgood's sixty-sixth 
birthday. Official publication, and the beginning of international 
distribution of the volume to scientific institutions and scientists, 
occurred on the same date. The book opens with two dedicatory 
articles, one by President Field and one by the Director, in which 
fitting tribute is paid to Dr. Osgood as a scientist and as a man. 
In the pages that follow are eleven scientific articles by mammalo- 
gists on the staff of Field Museum and by colleagues of Dr. Osgood's 
on the staffs of other institutions both in this country and abroad, 

Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, who succeeded Dr. Osgood as Chief Curator 
of the Department of Zoology at the beginning of 1941, was honored 
by the American Association for the Advancement of Science which 
asked him to present a paper in an important symposium of leading 
scientists on The Training of a Biologist. Mr. Schmidt acted as 
representative of the group which includes America's field naturalists 
and systematic zoologists. 

The Director of the Museum was honored by election as a Fellow 
of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. 

Mr. Bryant Mather, Assistant Curator of Mineralogy, was elected 
Vice-Chairman of the Marquette Geologists' Association, and was 
appointed Technical Counselor to the Chicago Chapter of the 
American Gem Society. 

Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Assistant Curator of the Herbarium, 
was appointed to the Board of Directors of the Midwest Horti- 
cultural Society. 

Mrs. Leota G. Thomas, of the Raymond Foundation lecture 
staff, fulfilled a request to teach an Indiana University Extension 
course. She also took a leading part in organizational and other 
activities of the Museum-School Relations Committee of the 
Progressive Education Association. 

At the invitation of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Vene- 
zuelan government, Mr. Llewelyn Williams for the second time 
accepted an appointment to conduct official botanical surveys in 
that country, and for this purpose was granted leave of absence 
from his post as Curator of Economic Botany at Field Museum. 
He will remain in Venezuela until well into 1942, and will collect 



360 FiKLD MrsKrM of Xati'ral History Kki»orts. Vol. 12 

malerial for the Musouin in addition to his duties for the Kovemmen 
of that country. 

Mr. .Mfrt-tl (*. Wt^^l. Curator of Fi.shes. con.senle<l to accept an 
assinninent from an e<litorial board of co-operatinj? American 
ichthyolojiists to review the mullets of the North Atlantic rejfion 
Thi.s material is to Ik» incori><»rate<l into a general account of Atlanti 
cosuit marine fishes of which publication is planned. 

Mr. Rudyerd Houlton, Curator of Itirds. wrts re-electe<i Treiisurer 
and lUisint'ss Manager of the American Ornithologi.sts' I'nion, a 
position which he luts held .since 1938. 

Mr. Hert K. Grove, .staff lecturer of the Raymond P'oundation. 
organiztHl and conducted a group of natural science clubs for both 
children and adults, at the re<iuest of the Trail.side Mu.seum of 
River Forest, Illinoi.s. Miss Klizabeth Best, also a Raymond • 
Foundation lecturer, demonstrate<i methods of di.s.section and taxi 
dermy during the laborator>' course given to the members of thes* 
clubs. 

Mr. Henry \V. Xichols. Chief Curator of the Department of 
Geology, was appointed to the Committee on I^-egal Ownership of 
MettH)rites. and the Committee on Terminology, of the Society 
for Research on Meteorites. 

In accordance with the cusiom of past years, many members 
of the Museum statT were active, both in Chicago and outside the 
city, in special studies at other institutions, on Kx'al field trips, in 
attending meetings of various learne<l .societies, and in filling engage- 
ments as (truest sjwakers for organizations of many types or on 
programs presented over the radio. A number of the lecture engage 
ments were received from universities and colleges. Prominent 
among tho.se who figure*! as lecturers and radio speakers were 
Dr. .Julian A. Steyermark. .•\s,-^istant Curator of the Herbarium; 
Mr. Rudyerd Houlton. Curator of Birds; Mr. Br>-ant Mather, 
Assistant Curator of Mineralogy; Mr. John W. Moyer. Staff Taxi- 
dermist; Mr. Emmet R. Blake. A.ssistant Curator of Birds; Major 
Clifford C. Gregg, Director; Dr. Wilfrid D. Hambly. Curator of 
African Kthnologj-; Dr. Fritz Haas. Curator of I>ower Invertebrates; 
Mr. Karl P. Schmidt. Chief Curator of Zoolog>-; Dr. Paul S. Martin, 
Chief Curator of Anthropolog>-; Dr. Wilfred H. O.sgood, Curator 
Emeritus of Zoolog>*; Mr. C. J. Albrecht. Staff Taxidermist; Mr. 
Llewelyn Williams, Curator of P.conomic Botany; Dr. Alexander 
Spoehr, .A.ssistant Curator of Xorth American F^thnology and 
Archaeologj" ; Mr. Loren P. Woods. A.ssistant Curator of Fishes, and 



Introduction 361 

Dr. C. Martin Wilbur, Curator of Chinese Archaeology and 
Ethnology. 

Mr. Rupert L. Wenzel, Assistant Curator of Insects, made an 
eastern trip in the course of which he conducted research based upon 
type specimens of parasitic bat flies and histerid beetles in the 
collections of principal museums in New York, Philadelphia, Wash- 
ington, Pittsburgh, and Boston. Mr. Elmer S. Riggs, Curator of 
Paleontology, visited the Carnegie Museum in Pittsburgh to arrange 
exchanges of fossils. Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator of Zoology, 
read a scientific paper before the Texas Herpetological Society. 
Mrs. Leota G. Thomas, of the Raymond Foundation staff, attended 
the annual meeting of the American Association of Museums, held 
at Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Clifford H. Pope, Curator of Reptiles, 
conducted zoological field research in northwestern Illinois, and in 
the same general region similar botanical work was conducted by 
Mr. Paul C. Standley and Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Curator and 
Assistant Curator respectively of the Herbarium. Dr. Fritz Haas, 
Curator of Lower Invertebrates, presented a paper before the 
American Malacological Union, meeting at Thomaston, Maine. 
Mr. Rudyerd Boulton, Curator of Birds, presented a paper at the 
Denver meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union. Mr. 
J. Francis Macbride, Associate Curator of the Herbarium, made a 
study of the Andean collections in the herbarium of the University of 
California. Mr. James H. Quinn, Chief Preparator in Paleontology, 
made a survey of the laboratories in principal museums of the east, 
studying their preparation and installation methods. Dr. C. Martin 
Wilbur, Curator of Chinese Archaeology and Ethnology, read a 
paper before the American Historical Association which held its 
annual meeting in Chicago. 

Members of Field Museum's staff took a leading part at an 
all-day conference of officials of schools and museums held April 19 
at the Museum of Science and Industry. General problems relating 
to the educational use of all Chicago's museums were discussed. 
The meeting was sponsored by the Chicago Museum-School Rela- 
tions Committee, a voluntary organization composed of representa- 
tives of the several museums and principal school systems of the city 
and adjacent areas, whose aim is to effect greater co-operation. 
Field Museum's staff members who participated include the 
Director; Mr. John R. Millar, Curator of the Harris Extension; 
Miss Miriam Wood, Chief of the Raymond Foundation; and Mrs. 
Leota G. Thomas and Miss Elizabeth Hambleton of the Raymond 
Foundation staff. 



362 KiKi.i) MrsKiM or Natural Histdrv liKPouTS. Vol. 12 

As is the case every year. fn»m all over the I'nited States .. 
from foreign countries as well, many ; > distinguished in 

sciences, and also in other walks of life, look occasion to visit Fi- 
Museum when in Chicajjo for various i)urposes. Among the nv 
notable scientists were Professor Krik Asplund, of the I'-t 
Department of the N'atunil History Museum of Stockholm, Sv. 
the members of the American Society of MammalogisU, and th« 
members of the American Oriental Society. On March 31. th« 
Hon. Henry .\. Wallace, Vice-President of the United States, visit€<i 
the Museum. Many other notable personalities, too numerous U 
list here, were al.so guests of the Mu.seum at various times. 

An increase in the business of the Museum Cafeteria is noted 
meals having boon .ser\*e<l to 100.740 persons in 1941 as compared 
to 97,22.") in 1940. There w;is also .some increase in the use of th4 
rooms provide<l for children and others who bring lunches to th' 
Mu.seum, 76,243 persons having taken advantage of these facili 
in 1941 as again.st 75,738 in the preceding year. The Cafeteris 
management operates a .special lunch counter to supply those usinj 
the children's rooms with .supplementan." provi.sions .such as hoi 
beverages, .soft drinks, .sandwiches, ice cream, etc., but the tabiei 
and benches in these rooms are available to all vi.sitors whethei 
they make such purchases or not. 

The activities of the various Departments and Divisions of th< 
Mu.seum are flescribed in detail in the pages that follow: 

DKPARTMKNT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 

KXPKDITIONS AND RESEARCH 

The Field Museum Archaeological Kxpedition to the Southwest, 
under the leadership of Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator ol 
Anthroi>ology, .spent three and one-half months in New Mexico, 
continuing excavations at the ST site. Permits for work on thii 
.site in the Apache National Forest were obtained from the Division 
of Forestrv*, I'nited States Department of Agriculture. 

The SI' site was first briefly explored in 1939 by a Field Mu.se 
expe<lition, and a report was issued in 1940 under the title The 
Sue— E rear ' at a .\f(XjoUnn Villagf, Wrsirrn Sew Mej 

Details of i...- .>ork were given also in the Annual Report of i.. 
Director for 1939. 

Dr. Martin's as.si.stant for the 1941 expedition was Mr. Robert J. 
Braidwood. who directed excavation.s. Mr. Braidwood, an instructor 
in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Chici. 



Field Museum of Natural History 



Reports, \^)1. 12, Plate 25 




PIT HOUSE NEAR RESERVE, NEW MEXICO 

Excavated by Field Museum Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest, 1941 

This house was occupied at or before a.d. 500 



. . • r 



Department of Anthropology 363 

was a member of the Syrian Expedition of the Oriental Institute. 
Also assisting in various capacities were Mr. Robert Yule, photog- 
rapher and cartographer; Miss Jane Darrow, in charge of washing 
and cataloguing stone and bone implements and pottery; Miss 
Margaret Ross, in charge of cleaning and preserving skeletal 
materials, and Mr. Brigham Arnold, of the University of Arizona, 
who conducted the archaeological survey. Other members of the 
expedition were Messrs. Clifton Kroeber, Charles De Peso, and 
Jules Williams, and Mrs. Stanley Dickson. 

For their helpful, friendly, and courteous co-operation, the 
Museum is indebted to Mr. R. B. Ewing, Supervisor of the Apache 
National Forest, and his associates, Mr. Robert I. Stewart, Assistant 
Forest Supervisor, and Mr. Benton S. Rogers, District Forest Ranger. 

Recapitulating briefly the findings of the 1939 expedition: The 
SU site was occupied by Indians of the Mogollon culture — a culture 
discovered only a few years ago. Previously, archaeologists had 
believed that one civilization produced all the various types of 
pottery, houses, and tools that were dug up in the Southwest. We now 
know that this was incorrect. Within the last few years, archaeolo- 
gists have produced evidence that there were two other Southwest 
civilizations — Pueblo and Hohokam. The most recently discovered 
civilization is the Mogollon, toward the knowledge of which Field 
Museum's Expeditions of 1939 and 1941 have greatly contributed. 

During the course of the 1941 excavations, eight more houses 
were discovered and cleared of debris, and approximately 600 stone 
and bone tools and 19,000 potsherds were recovered. The Mogollon 
tools are of a crude early type, unlike those ordinarily associated 
with Indians. In fact, the stone tools such as choppers, hammer- 
stones, polishing stones, and scrapers, are so primitive that one 
would ordinarily pass them by without recognizing that they had 
ever been used by man for any purpose whatsoever; but inasmuch 
as many such stones were found in all the houses, the investigators 
were led to note that they fell into distinct patterns and types, and 
therefore could not be natural, unused stones. 

It is of great interest to note that no grooved axes of any kind 
were found. The absence of these important tools makes a mystery 
of the means employed by the ancient Mogollon Indians to fell 
their trees. We know that they used trees at least six inches in 
diameter for roofing their houses. 

The potsherds represent three kinds of undecorated pottery: 
Alma Plain, a polished brown ware; Alma Rough, an unpolished, 



36-1 FitiLD MrsKrM ok N'ati rai. Hisn)RY Kki'okts, Vol. 12 

rouKh. brown puiury, ami ^an Francisco Red, a polished, slipped 
undet'oniltMl ware. 

The ix><)ple who inhabited the SI' village lived mostly in pii 
hou.ses larjje pits .sunk into the cirth. and then rcK)fed over with 
log.s, twi^.s, and .sod; but .some of these Indians built and occupied 
surface houses with floors flush with jrround level. The walla of 
the latter con.si.ste<l of upright poles set eight to fourteen inch*- 
apart, lietween these poles mud and .small .sticks were packed, thu 
fonning a jjoo<l. tipht wall. This kind of con.struction is called 
"wattle-and-daub." and contrasts with subterranean houses. 

F^ire pits were not found in any of the hou.ses. It is believed, then 
fore, that those Indian.s rarely u.^^ed fire inside the house for cooking* 
warmth, or lijzht. Kxtensive di^jging likewi.se failed to reveal an;, 
fire pits outside the houses. 

Most of the pit houses were eciuipped with entrance-tunnel- 
sometimes large, .sometimes small. These always face east- why i 
not known, but probably the orientation was for religious reason- 

The dead were always buried in pits either outside the house 
or dug into the hou.se floors. The corpses were wTappe<l in a doubled- 
up position. Generally burials were not placed in house pits until 
after the hou.se had been abandoned. Ofl"erings to the dead wer- 
rare. The only objects found with .skeletons were tobacco-pipt 
and .sometimes shell bracelets and necklaces, I'nbroken pottery* wa 
never found. 

\'er>' few arrowheads or spearheads were found. P'ood-grindini' 
tools were brought to light in great abundance from all hou.ses. 1 
is assumetl. therefore, that the Mogollon Indians of the SU vi!....' 
lived mastly on berries, roots, herbs, and grasses, and depen<ir<j 
little on hunting or agriculture. The people apparently were m< 
seed-gatherers rather than farmers. This may be regardeti > 
e\-idence pointing to the great antiquity of their culture. 

The entire complex found at the SI* .site represents an early perio-" 
m the Mogf)llon culture, and the Field Mu.seum Expedition has 
named it "the Fine Lawn Phase.'" The characteristic or predominant 
traits which as a whole distingui.sh the Pine Lawn Phase from an;. 
other phase or period, either earlier or later, will be described ir 
detail in Dr. Martin's report on the 1941 expe<iition. This repor 
is being prepared and will be fini.shed in 1912. 

The age of the Pine Lav^-n Phase at the SU village is difficult to 
determine: but by inference, and by cros.s-dating or comparin. 
the tools now at Field Mu.seum with tho.se from other ruins, the .sit' 



Department of Anthropology 365 

can be dated within limits. Thus far, dating by means of tree-rings 
has been impossible because the rings on the SU logs (fragments 
of roof beams) do not fit into any known sequence. It is fairly 
certain, however, that the SU ruin is earlier than a.d. 700 because 
no decorated pottery was found in it. That is important, because 
decorated pottery was made in that area only after a.d. 700. Thus 
an upper limit of a.d. 700 is estabhshed. (It would be just as in- 
congruous for the expedition to find decorated pottery in a site which 
was abandoned before A.D. 700 as it would be for an automobile 
to appear in a motion picture portraying a Civil War scene.) 

Conversely, although the SU village stone tools are similar to 
those of the San Pedro period (found in southern Arizona by the 
archaeologists of Gila Pueblo) dating from about 3,000 B.C. to about 
500 B.C., the SU village must date ajter that period because the SU 
villagers made pottery and the San Pedro people did not. A site 
yielding pottery is generally later than one lacking it. 

Therefore, it seems that the SU village must have been founded, 
occupied, and abandoned some time between 500 B.C. and a.d. 700. 
Thus it seems safe to conjecture that the Mogollon culture is a new, 
pure, cultural entity in the Southwest, and that it should be accorded 
the same relative position of importance as has been given to the 
Basket Maker-Pueblo and Hohokam cultures. 

Mr. Richard A. Martin, Curator of Near Eastern Archaeology, 
continued cataloguing the many specimens from Kish, an ancient 
Babylonian city. He also planned and supervised the installation 
of Harwa, the X-rayed mummy, in Hall J (Egyptian Archaeology), 
as well as supervising the planning of cases of Etruscan, Egyptian, 
Roman, Syrian, and Arabian jewelry in H. N. Higinbotham Hall 
(Hall 31). 

Dr. Wilfrid D. Hambly, Curator of African Ethnology, has 
continued research on craniometry of the Pacific region, and has 
measured 150 skulls found on Pacific islands. He has begun prepa- 
ration of a publication on a collection of thirty skulls from Ambrym, 
New Hebrides. The data should be especially welcome because 
research has failed to reveal the existence of any prior information 
on the skulls found on this island. 

Dr. Hambly has also taken a large number of measurements on 
a collection of forty male and female skulls from the island of 
Malekula, close to the island of Ambrym. These skulls of Malekula, 
both male and female, are interesting because of deformation result- 
ing from pressure applied to infant skulls. The only data so far 



I 



366 FiKi.i) MrsKiM of Natikal History— Reports. Vol. 12 

puhlishtHl by other urilers consist of brief notes printed :ibout th« 
year KSSl. Measurements have Ukewise been made on skulls from 
New Cale<lonia and the Solomon Islands. Dr. Hambly's ultim • 
aim is to make a<ietaile<l r»)mparati\ o stu<ly of measurements of era! in 
from <lifTerent parts of Melanesia. Field Museums collection con- 
tains about .'tr>() skulls from this region. 

Dr. ('. Martin Wilbur. Curator <»f Chinese Archaeolojfy anti 
Kthnolojfv, completecl the manuscript of his book Slarrry in CI. 
Dttritig the Former Han I>ynaiit\i. He also devotee! considerable time 
to acquiring and studying archaeolojiical .specimens from China 
for the exhibition and study collections. Basic .studies were under- 
taken aiming toward a fresh presentation of Chinese ethnolojf)- 
and reinstallation of the collection of paintings. 

Dr. Alexander Si)oehr. Assistant Curator of North Amonoan 
Ethnology and Archaef)logy, prepared a report publisher! by 
Field Mu.seum Press. entitle<i Camp, Clan, and K\n Among '^' 
Cou- Creek Seminole of Florida. A report on the Oklahoma Semii.  
was also complete<l and is in press. Three other articles on South- 
eastern social organization were published in various journals. In 
addition. Dr. Spoehr .super\i.sed cleaning and .sorting of archaeo- 
logical .specimens from the eastern rnite<i States and California. 

Cnder the direction of Chief Curator Martin. Dr. Spoehr has I 
continued the neces.sar>' research on plans for the reinstallation of 
Hall li (American Archaeology), as well as working on details of 
layouts for the exhibits themselves. Several cases have been in- 
stalle<l. Further details about this hall will be found in this Report 
under Installations and Rearrangements (page 368). 

Dr. Henry VwU\, Curator of Physical Anthropology until his 
resignation, which became effective October 1, continued his work 
on Part II of the publication entitled. The Anthropology oj 
Iraq. 

Mr. Donald Collier joine<l the staff on August 1 as Curator of 
Central and S<iuth American Fthnolog>- and Archaeology. Shortly 
thereafter he was dispatched to Fcuador on a joint expedition for 
Field Mu.seum and the Institute for Andean Research, of New York. 
His work involves promotion of cultural relations with Latin Amenca 
as well as investigation of archaeological sites in little-known regions. 
Mr. Collier expects to return to P'ield Museum in Februar>% 1942. 

Mrs. Rose Miller continued valuable work as a volunteCT, .study- 
ing and arrantrine the collection of .3.orK1 ruV>bings of Chinese historical 
monument-v. 



« 



Department of Anthropology 367 

Mr. John Rinaldo, Associate in Southwestern Archaeology, 
received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the University of 
Chicago upon the completion of his thesis, An Analysis of Prehistoric 
Anasazi Culture Changes, based on the collections of Field Museum 
and the work of Museum expeditions. In addition. Dr. Rinaldo 
wrote articles on southwestern prehistory which were published 
in various journals, and classified the prehistoric Hopi bahos collected 
by Charles Owen in 1901. Dr. Rinaldo is now working on Part II 
of the 1941 report on the SU site. A call to military service caused 
his absence for several months, and he is subject to recall by the 
Army early in 1942. 

Miss Marjorie Kelly, Associate in Southwestern Archaeology, 
performed much general clerical work, as well as checking and 
sorting various archaeological specimens. 

Mr. Millard Rogers, volunteer assistant, has been studying 
Chinese paintings with a view to preparing them for more adequate 
exhibition. 

Miss Jane Darrow, volunteer assistant, has been of great help 
in many ways. In addition to the many tasks she accomplished for 
the Expedition to the Southwest, she sorted potsherds, typed 
manuscripts, catalogued specimens and at the year's end was pre- 
paring data for a report on pottery excavated in 1941 in New Mexico. 

Miss Florence Parks Rucker, volunteer assistant, has catalogued 
and stored many southwestern pottery specimens, as well as typing 
the revised edition of an anthropological leaflet, Civilization of the 
Mayas, by J. Eric Thompson. 

ACCESSIONS — ANTHROPOLOGY 

The Department of Anthropology listed 33 accessions, com- 
prising nearly 25,000 specimens. Of these, 751 were gifts, 78 were 
acquired by exchange, 48 were purchased, and approximately 
24,000 were acquired by the Field Museum Archaeological Expedi- 
tion to the Southwest. 

Mr. Henry J. Bruman, of State College, Pennsylvania, contributed , 
Huichol Indian ethnological specimens from the State of Jalisco, 
Mexico. Mr. Donald Collier, of Field Museum's staff, presented 
a Nazca comb from the south coast of Peru. 

Mrs. Frank D. Gamewell, of Philadelphia, presented costumes of 
women from three primitive tribes living in southwestern China — 
the "Flowery" Miao, the Lisu, and the Kopu. The Museum pre- 
viously had possessed no specimens from these interesting but little- 



36S FiKLD MusKiM OF Natiral History Kkihjkts. Vol. 12 

known people. F^our Chinese ceramics of the T'anj? and Sun; 
perio<l.s were pres<'nte<i by (Irow and Cuttle. Incorporated, oC 
Chicago. 

Colonel Wallis HuidekojH-r of i W(k]oI, Montana, prt ' r/.-d 
twenty-two suihtI). well-preserve<i ethnolojfical .specimen.s from the 
Plain.s Indian."? (Sioux. Crow. Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes). 
Although the Mu.seum'.s IMain.s Indian collection i.s among the finest 
in the world, this gift form.s a valuable addition. A shirt which 
belonged to Chief Plenty Coups, and the dress of the wife of Chief 
Ke<l Cloud, both received from Colonel Huidekoper. will be placed 
on exhibition during 1942 in Mar>' D. Sturges Hall (Hall S- Indian 
Tribes of the Cireat Plain.si. 

Major Oliver S. Picher, of Hubbard Woods. Illinois, presented 
several Arapaho ethnological .specimens as well as material from the 
Southwest. Hawaii, and China. Mr. Charles Schmid. of Oak Park, 
Illinois, contribule<l an .Maskan trap known as a deadfall. 

CATAIXXIUING, INVENTORYING. AND LABELING- ANTHROPOUKiY 

During the year. 19 of the 33 new accessions were entered, as 
well as part of another new accession, and all or part of 20 pre\*iou.~ 
accessions. 

The number of catalogue cards prepared during the year totaled 
l.()81. A total of 1.238 were entered, some of which were held over 
from 1940. Since the first of>ening of the inventory books, the total 
number of catalogue cards entered is 227,733. 

For the current year, the distribution of catalogue cards was as 
follows: North and South .American archaeology and ethnology, 
218: Chinese, Japanese. Tibetan, and Korean archaeology and 
ethnology, 452: African ethnology, 4; Xear Eastern archaeology, 399; 
Melanesian and Pol>*nesian ethnology, 5; physical anthropology, 3. 

From copy prepared by members of the Department, the Division 
of Printing issued 344 labels for u.se in exhibition cases. Distribution 
was as follows: North and South American archaeology and ethnol- 
ogy. 190: Chinese, J e. Tibetan, and Korean archaeolojo* and 
ethnology-. 56; Near i.a.-.«.Tn archaeology, 5; Gem Room, 93. 

The Divi.sion of Printing also .supplied 5 maps. 85 storeroom 
labels. 2,350 catalogue cards, and 3,760 subject index cards. 

INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS — ANTHROPOLOGY 

H. N. Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31) was opened to the public 
in June after being closed se\-eral months for reconstruction and 



Department of Anthropology 369 

reinstallation. On display in this hall are magnificent collections 
of gems and jewelry installed under the direction of Mr. Henry W. 
Nichols and Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curators of the Departments 
of Geology and Anthropology, respectively. 

The jewelry installation by the Department of Anthropology 
illustrates man's use of precious metals and stones as personal 
adornment. The oldest pieces of gold in this hall, dating back some 
5,000 years, are from Kish, an ancient Babylonian city. Egyptian 
gold on exhibition, made during the Graeco-Roman period, is studded 
with amethysts, bloodstones, garnets, and other brightly colored 
stones. Later pieces made by Etrurian craftsmen of the seventh to 
the fifth centuries B.C. excel in delicate gold workmanship. 

The Peruvians were able, about one thousand years later, to 
work more intricate patterns than earlier goldsmiths, due to the 
discovery of welding, alloying, casting, and annealing. The Quim- 
baya of Colombia used gold and an alloy of gold and copper. The 
exhibited examples of the craftsmanship of both peoples show fine 
execution of detail with complex patterns. 

The more modern jewelers of India and Algeria are noted for a 
gayer, more brilliant, effect. The former used enamel and gold, and 
were masters in delicate filigree. Gems, too, were used and according 
to popular belief certain stones were endowed with "magical proper- 
ties." The Algerians also made large massive pieces, gayly studded 
with brightly colored cut glass not unlike costume jeweh-y of today. 

Another new and interesting installation was that of Harwa, 
the X-rayed mummy. Installed in a small separate room in Hall J 
(Egyptian Archaeology) are Harwa and the X-ray machine given 
to the Museum by the General Electric X-ray Corporation of 
Chicago. Harwa, in his own enclosure in this dimly lighted room, 
stands in his ancient wrappings with only his head exposed, showing 
his leathery and withered skin. The X-ray machine may be 
controlled by visitors. When the button is pushed a plate of lead 
glass slides before the mummy and after a moment of darkness his 
X-rayed image appears on the fluoroscopic screen. On busy days 
automatic operation at 40-second intervals, requiring no use of the 
button, is provided. 

The Department also prepared for Stanley Field Hall a case 
of Pueblo pottery representative of Anasazi painted ware. 

Work continued during the year on the reinstallation 
of Hall B, which will contain the projected new exhibits 
pertaining to American archaeology. The purpose of this hall is 



370 FiKiJ) MisKiM OK Natirai. History Kkports, Vol. 12 

to present a jn^phic outline of the known histor>' of the IndianK in 
the New World up to the time of its discovery by white men. At 
prt^sont there is no hall in the Museum which jfives a general picture 
of the course of .Vmcncan Indian civilization. Anthropolojiicxilly 
speaking. N'orth and South .Xmerira form a single unit, although there 
are regional dilTerences within them. Formerly Hall B dealt only 
with N'orth America exclu.^ive of the Southwest, and did not include 
Middle America. This region will be incorporate<i into a larger 
picture, showing North American archaeology in its proper relation 
to that of other regions of the New World. 

Mrs. .Anno Harding Spoehr, .Artist, was addeil to the depart- 
mental stalT m March to work on exhibits for Hall U. Since then 
she has sketches! d»'iaile<l layouts of exhibits planned by Chief 
Curator M.u-tin and Curator Alexander Spoehr. She has carried 
out these plans on hu-ge pictorial maps, u.sing well-chosen media to 
present the basic ideas accurately and adecjuately. Fight exhibit! 
in the first of the three .sections have been completed by Mrs. Spoehr. 

Mr. .Alfred I>ee Rowell, Dioramist. has nearly completed the 
con.stniction of a diorama depicting Cliff-Dwellers' life, the first of 
four dioramas planned for Hall H. 

Mr. Robert Yule, .A.ssistant. has made all the drawing and 
tracmgs to Ik? u.sed in Dr. Martin's rei>ort on the Southwest F^xpedi- 
tion. Further, he has made a ph<»tographic record of jewelry in 
the Hall of (iems. For the Keconler of the Mu.'^um. he lettered 
the pages of a large Ixnik in which will be permanently recoriic-d 
attendance and other statistics for the period from 1941 to 1954. 

The total numl>er of .specimens restored and repaired during the 
year is 270. Mr. John IMetinckx and Mr. TokumaLsu Ito, .skilled 
technicians, restored potter>* from different rejjions of the United 
States, and Kish, and Pan pipes from South America. They also 
prepareii and cast the mold for diorama shells, and constructed and 
installeti the plaster molding for the doorway to the Hall of Gems. 

Mr. Herbert Weeks. Preparator. until the time of his death 
in May. supers i.se<^l the installation of the gold and .silver specimens 
now on exhibition in the Gem K(X)m (Hall 31). 

Mrs. M>Ttle Bright, typist-clerk, has done clerical work for the 
curators, .as well as checking, relabeling, and rearranging .specimens 
in storerooms and in cases of many halls. 

Work on the geojrraphical-subject index has been continued by 
Miss Jane Temple. About 5,000 .subject index cards have been 
completed and checked for tj-pographical errors. 



Department of Botany 371 

Cases have been readjusted and relabeled where necessary. The 
labels in Hall K have been mounted. The sculptures by 
Malvina Hoffman in Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall (Hall 3) were 
completely relabeled. The Hemis katcinas in Hall 7 were repaired 
and reinstalled. 

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 

EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH 

Field Museum's Third Botanical Expedition to Guatemala, begun 
in 1940, was concluded in 1941 by Mr. Paul C. Standley, Curator 
of the Herbarium. Mr. Standley conducted the first expedition 
during six months of 1938-39, and the second was conducted by 
Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Assistant Curator of the Herbarium in 
1939-40. 

Mr. Standley, who left Chicago at the end of September, 1940, 
returned about the middle of May, 1941. During the seven months 
of collecting he obtained much additional material for use in prepara- 
tion of a Flora of Guatemala, work upon which is under way. 

Mr. Standley collected in almost all of the twenty-two depart- 
ments of Guatemala except Izabal on the north coast, and the 
great Department of Pet^n, accessible with difficulty except by 
airplane. In most of Guatemala the rains, which are favorable to 
the development of vegetation, end in October, after which the 
plants rapidly deteriorate, especially at low elevations. In order, 
therefore, to take advantage of the continued effects of the rains, 
work was carried on first in the Oriente, or eastern Guatemala, a 
region of relatively scant rainfall. Collections were made there at 
various stations through October, November, and early December, 
after which time few plants are in good condition for study. The 
collections from this area were among the best obtained during the 
whole trip, and rich in new species or in plants unrecorded from 
Guatemala. 

Leaving central Guatemala the day after Christmas, Mr. 
Standley spent several weeks at Huehuetenango, in northwestern 
Guatemala. This region which, unlike central and Pacific Guate- 
mala, has no volcanoes, is traversed by the great cordillera that forms 
the backbone of Mexico and Central America. Previously it was 
almost unknown botanically. It has recently become accessible by 
a new automobile road that climbs within a few miles from about 
7,000 feet to more than 11,000. At these high elevations there is 
a truly alpine vegetation, most untropical in appearance and com- 



372 KiKLi) MfSEiM OF Nattiial History Kki"orts. Vol. 12 

jHJsiUon. Drnse and somber forest.s of pine and Mexican red cetlar 
surr<nind meadows that rtvall stnin^ely those in the vicinity of 
rri|)j)le Creek, Colorado, and many of the same groups of plants 
are rrpri>iente<l in these two distantly separate*! areas. It wil<^ 
slranRe to find a giant agave or centun.' plant in association wiih 
alpine buttercups, dwarf thistles, gentians, and a low goosebern 
The agave seeminl <|uite out of place amid such surroundings. 

Much of January, Februar>*. and March was devoted to work 
in the highlands and lower mountains of western and .southern 
Guatemala, where there are infinitely varied forests of pine, fir, and | 
cypress, and even richer ones of mixed broad -leafed trees. Much 
time was devote<l also to collecting along the Pacific plains that li' 
between the long chain of volcanoes and the .sea. 

The last month of field work was centered at Cohan in the coffee 
region of Alta Verapaz, one of the outstanding centers of botanical I 
wealth in all Central America. The flora here is quite different from 
that of other parts of Guatemala, and is particularly rich in palma, 
orchids, and many other essentially tropical groups. Some of the 
most interesting plants collected during the whole season were found 
near Cobiin in sphagnum bogs apparently unvisitetl pre\'iously b;. 
botanists, in spite of the proximity of these bogs to one of the | 
oldest roads of Guatemala. 

The work of the expedition resulted in as.sembling some 19. (kh 
distinct collections of plants, represented by twice as many .specimen 
The small part of the collections thus far studied has revealed ;' 
stantial additions to the rich flora of this Central American repui 

Like previous expeditions to Guatemala, this one was fortunate in 
receiving the m^^ '^ordial and often ver>' .^substantial support from 
Guatemalan < , above all from Don Mariano Pacheco Herrartr 

Director C»eneral of Agriculture, and from Professor Cli.ses Roja'<. 
Director of the Botanic Garden of (Juatemala. SF>ecial appreciation 
is due also to Dr. John K. Johnston, of the National School of | 
Agriculture at Chimaltenango, who.se thorough and sj'mpatheti'' 
acquaintance with the countr>' greatly facilitated the expedition's 
work. Dr. Johnston was a most congenial companion upon .several 
visits to remote places. 

A fourth botanical expedition to Guatemala left the Mu.seum at , 
the beginning of December, under the leadership of A.ssi.stant I 
Curator Steyermark, who was accompanied by Mr. Albert Vatter, 
of Chicago, a volunteer assistant. It is expected that this part> 
will remain in the field until the end of the rainv season of 1942. 



Department of Botany 373 

and thus complete the Museum's botanical exploration of the 
country, preparatory to publication of a Flora of Guatemala. 

From about the middle of the summer until nearly the end of 
the year, Mr. J. Francis Macbride, Associate Curator of the Her- 
barium, continued work on the Flora of Peru at the herbaria of the 
University of California. Available there are the complete series 
of the Goodspeed collections made during recent years in Peru and 
adjacent countries. Totaling many thousands of specimens, they 
make this university one of the most important centers for studying 
the plants of the Andean regions. On this visit Mr. Macbride was 
able to stud}'- only the large family Leguminosae (bean family), this 
being the group which will next be treated in the Flora. He found 
the Goodspeed collections supplemented by others, some unique, 
notably those of Balls and Belshawm. All these materials were 
placed freely at his disposal by the botanical staff, those directly 
concerned being Dean C. B. Lipman, Chairman A. R. Davis, Curator, 
Professor H. L. Mason, and Professor L. Constance. Professor I. H. 
Goodspeed, Director of the Garden, thoughtfully made available 
specimens that had not yet been transferred from his jurisdiction 
to the herbaria. With the fine library facilities which were made 
available to him without any formal restrictions, Mr. Macbride was 
able to pursue his research most effectively, and he records this 
co-operation with gratitude to all concerned. 

An expedition to California was made in September and October 
by Dr. Francis Drouet, Curator of Crytogamic Botany, and Mr. 
Donald Richards, of the University of Chicago. The primary purpose 
was to survey the blue-green algal flora of the inland regions of that 
state to supplement the large collections of the late Dr. N. L. Gardner 
and of Dr. M. J. Groesbeck represented in the Museum's crypto- 
gamic herbarium. A general collection of other plants, especially 
bryophytes, was made at the same time. The expedition made short 
stops in eastern Colorado, Utah, and Nevada and then pursued a 
course in California from Alturas through Redding, Dunsmuir, 
Weaverville, Berkeley, Palo Alto, Yosemite, Porterville, Barstow, 
Needles, Blythe, Palm Springs, Calexico, and San Diego to Los 
Angeles. Algae were found in great abundance everywhere. In 
the volcanic soil of northeastern California, as well as in the sandy 
cultivated regions of the San Joaquin Valley, soil algae were never 
well developed; the streams, swales, and irrigation-ditches supported 
most of this flora. The deserts of the southeast, however, were 
found to be covered almost continuously in many places, at least 
wherever soil was present, with mats of algae, apparently the result 



374 Field Miseim of Natiral Histx^y RKPt)RTs, Vol. 12 

of many years of jfrowth. The alpae of this desert region are in ::■. • 
the most abundant of all plants and often the only ones in evidei. • . 
It is surprising that they have been neglected in botanical exploraliun 
for all these years, especially since they play so important a part in 
the control of soil-erosion. About 8,000 specimens were collected 
during this expedition. 

By arrangement with the government authorities of Venezuela, 
preparations were made for a joint Field Museum Venezuelan 
Govo-nment Botanical Expedition to be conducted by Mr. Llewel}!! 
Williams, Curator of Economic Botany, to the upper reaches of 
the Orinoco. Mr. Williams, whose previous explorations of the 
Venezuelan Guiana render him particularly fitted for this task, 
left N*ew York by steamer in September for Caracas in order to com- 
plete there the organization of his party and e^juipment. At the 
present writing he is doubtless on his way southward into the 
interior. Much of the route Mr. Williams will follow has been 
made famous by Humboldt and Bonpland, and herbarium speci- 
mens, woods, and other economic plant materials will be gathered by 
him largely in localities made historic by the collections those early 
explorers sent to Europe. He will cover, likewise, a part of the route 
of the F^nglish botanist Spruce, who approached the southern end 
of the Venezuelan Guiana from a tributar>' of the Rio Negro to 
Rio Cassiquiari. which connects the river systems of the Orinoco 
and the Amazon. 

In eastern Brazil, Dr. Gregorio Bondar made various excursions 
into the interior of the State of Bahia on behalf of the Museum, 
resulting in the discovery of new species of palms as well as large 
numbers of insects mentioned elsewhere. 

Publications of the Department of Botany during 1941 were as 
follows: Botanical Series, \olume 9, Xo. 6, Studies of the Vegetation 
of Missouri — //.• Phanerogamic Flora of the Fresh-Waier Springs in 
the Ozarks of Missouri, by Julian A. Steyermark; Botanical Series, 
Volume 13, Part 4, No. 1. Flora of Peru, by J. F^rancis Macbride; 
Botanical Series. Volume 20. No. 4. Tropical Marine Algae of the 
Arthur Schott Herbarium, by William Ra"' '^'b Taylor; Botanical 
Series. \oIume 22, No. 7, Additions to our A -Ige of the American 
and Hawaiian Floras, by Earl Edward SherfT. 

Curator Standley published in Tropical Woods a brief account 
of the forests of Guatemala. Assistant Curator Steyermark published 
several short pap^s treating of plants of the United States. Some 
reviews of foreign publications and abstracts of articles upon tropical 




s: _ ^ 



~ — ^ 
z = - - 



z 
z 



> - — 



;.-iC 



Department of Botany 375 

American botany were contributed to Tropical Woods. Manuscript 
for an addition to the Leaflet Series was prepared by Associate 
Curator Macbride. 

Considerable attention was given in the Department to the 
execution of the drawings for and the preparation of a manuscript 
on the Fungi of the Chicago Region by Verne 0. Graham. Dr. B. E. 
Dahlgren, Chief Curator, and the Curator of Cryptogamic Botany 
spent much time in correcting and editing the manuscript. The 
illustrations and the manuscript occupied the full time of two 
artists and a typist of the Work Projects Administration until July. 
One WPA artist was occupied during the tenure of the project with 
making illustrations of undescribed Myxophyceae. 

Through the year the phanerogamic collections of the Depart- 
ment were consulted by visiting botanists from near and remote 
regions of the United States and from South America; among such 
students were Dr. E. P. Killip, of the United States National 
Museum, and Dr. C. Vargas of the University of Cuzco, Peru, who 
came especially to examine the Museum's Peruvian collections. 

Various workers from other institutions took advantage of the 
opportunity to study in the collections of cryptogams in 1941. 
Mr. Donald Richards and Mr. Lawrence J. King, of the University 
of Chicago, spent considerable time in study of bryophytes and algae 
respectively. Mr. William A. Daily, of the University of Cincinnati, 
visited the herbarium in August to complete his work on the Chro- 
ococcaceae of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. Mr. Richard D. 
Wood, of Northwestern University, worked at intervals through the 
year on the collection of Characeae. Dr. Shigeo Yamanouchi, of 
the Carnegie Foundation, spent several continuous months in his 
studies on algae of the Orient. Mrs. Netta E. Gray, of the University 
of Illinois, worked here for a short time on the algae of Arkansas. 
Dr. Verne 0. Graham and Mrs. Cloyd B. Stifler, of Chicago, devoted 
considerable time to work on the mycological collections. 

Many plants were submitted to the Department during the year 
for study and determination. Numerous local plants were brought 
to the Museum for naming by residents of the Chicago region, and 
hundreds of inquiries regarding diverse aspects of botanical science 
were answered by letter, telephone, and interview. 

ACCESSIONS— BOTANY 

During 1941 the Department of Botany received 380 accessions, 
comprising about 80,000 items. The accessions included material 



87G FiKi.i) MrsKiM OF N'atiral History Kki*orts, Vol. 12 

for the wmxl and 'nic collections and for the exhibiLs and 

horbiiria. Of these. ^",. :•> were receiveil as jrift.s. 4,880 a.4 '- ' ' 
5,r)ll ;ls purchases, and 41.»,4 13 were coUectetl by Museum exj^^w....,;. 

The total of numbered specimens in the botanical collections ut . 
the end of HMl wxs alnmt 1.1(H».0(K). Al>out .TJ.OOO sheets of speci- 
mens and phntncn-nphs were added to the herbaria during the yen'^ 
as well as a .» lial number of tyjx'written descriptions of j 

species prepared in the Department or received in exchange. 

Of the total receipt-s. items for the herbaria amounted to 78.16" 
consisting of plant specimens and photographs. The largest acce 
of the year was composed of approximately 38,000 specimei^ 
collected in (iuatemala by Mr. Standley, as described upon a pn 
ing page. Other material obtained by members of the Depart' 

^ include*! 8.000 .specimens collected by Dr. Drouet and ..i. 
lut.nards in California: 2.03.') \'enezuelan plants collected! by Mr. 
Williams: l.OoO Missouri plants gathere<l by Dr. Steyermark: and 
2.0<_>0 plants chiefly from Illinois, collecte<l by Mr. Standley and 
Dr. Steyermark. 

I^argest and most imp<irtant gift of material for the phanerogam: 
herb:u-ium consisted of 1,732 .specimens from Mexico, many from [ 
historical localities, presented by Dr. Harry Hoogstraal, of the ' 
University of Illinois. These were collected by Dr. Hoogstraal 
and Mr. William C. Leavenworth, in continuation of a similar series 
b<»gun in previous years and obtained by parties of students from i 
the University of Illinois. 

Other important gifts of flowering planl.s during 1941 were 
received from Mr. Paul H. Allen. Ball>oa. Canal Zone: the Arkansas i 
Agricultural and Mechanical College. Monticello: Dr. Hugh Cutler, 
St. Louis, Mis.souri: Dr. Delzie Demaree, Monticello, Arkansas 
Mrs. D. M. Donald.son. Aligarh, India: Rev. Hrother Elias, Caraca- 
Venezuela: Illinois State Mu.seum, Springfield: Dr. John R. John- 
ston, Chimaltenango, Guatemala: Mu.seo Nacional de Costa Rica, 
San Jos<'*. through I*rofes.sor Juvenal Valerio Rodriguez: Profess* ' 
Henr>' Pittier, Caracas: FVofes.sor J. Soukup, Lima. Peru; Rev. , 
Padre Cornelius Vogl. Caracas, and Dr. R. H. Woodworth. Penning- I 
ton. Vermont. Besides these, there were 10.') specimens of palms | 
and economic material together with numerous photographs, ob- I 
tained by Dr. Dahlgren in the north of Brazil in 1939. Among these 
are numerous palm specimens and photographs from the collection 
of Eh-. Gregorio Bondar. of Bahia. including t\-pe material of that I 
author's recently described .species of Cocos and Attalea palms. 



Department of Botany 377 

The largest of the exchanges of flowering plants consisted of 2,256 
Argentinean specimens received from Instituto Miguel Lillo of Tucu- 
man. Other important exchanges were received from the Arnold 
Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts; Dr. William Bridge Cooke, 
San Francisco, California; Milwaukee Public Museum; Missouri 
Botanical Garden, St. Louis; Mr. Robert Runyon, Brownsville, 
Texas; Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Temple; Dr. Robert 
M. Tryon, Jr., Freelandville, Indiana; United States National 
Museum, Washington; the Herbarium of the University of Michigan, 
Ann Arbor, and Utah State Agricultural College, at Logan. 

To the crjrptogamic herbarium 25,019 specimens were added 
during 1941. About 11,500 of these were gifts from other institutions 
and individuals. The largest gift consisted of 7,285 fungi from the 
Department of Botany, University of Chicago. Others came from 
Mr. Donald Richards, Chicago, Illinois; Dr. Walter Kiener, Lincoln, 
Nebraska; United States Fisheries Laboratory at Logan, Utah; Dr. 
M. J. Groesbeck, Porterville, California; Mr. P. W. Wolle, Princess 
Anne, Maryland; Mr. Lawrence J. King, Chicago, Ilhnois; Mr. 
William A. Daily, Cincinnati, Ohio; Dr. V. 0. Graham, Chicago, 
Illinois; Miss Netta E. Gray, Urbana, Illinois; Dr. W. G. Solheim, 
Laramie, Wyoming; Mr. H. S. Dybas, Chicago, Illinois; the Uni- 
versity of California, Berkeley; Academy of Natural Sciences of 
Philadelphia; Dr. Lee Walp, Marietta, Ohio; Mr. Clyde T. Reed, 
Gregory, Texas; Dr. Herman Kleerekoper, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Dr. 
FI. C. Bold, New York; Dr. V. W. Lindauer, Awanui, Far North, 
New Zealand; Dr. E. S. Deevey, Jr., Houston, Texas; Dr. Angel 
Maldonado, Lima, Peru; and Dr. G. W. Prescott, Albion, Michigan. 
The accession of some of the gifts listed above and of many smaller 
ones not mentioned is owing to the interest and efforts of Mr. Donald 
Richards and Mr. William A. Daily; through them a number of 
unique and historic collections of bryophytes and algae has been 
made available to students in this herbarium. 

Specimens of cryptogams received in exchanges numbered 2,927. 
Because of the present international conditions, these came mainly 
from the western hemisphere. The one considerable set received 
from the eastern hemisphere consisted of 212 Myxophyceae collected 
by Dr. G. T. Velasquez, of the University of the Philippines. 

Purchases of cryptogamic specimens included 2,180 algae and 
mosses, largely of old published European exsiccatae, from the 
Farlow Herbarium; 190 algae of Montana, from Mr. F. H. Rose; 
and 50 algae of Iceland, from Mr. William F. Palssen. 



378 FiKi.n MrsuM of N'ati:rai. Histdkv Rkimrts. Vol. 1l' 

DeUiiKs of all iho ^ifts. exciv and purrha.ses mentionwl here, 

and others, will ho found in thr i.i.-; of Ar(es.sion.H (pa^e -Vitt}. 

During the past year -IB.OT.'J pnnl.s from negatives of plant ty; 
s|xvinions ohtainetl in KuniiH*an * ' ia hy Mr. J. Fr 
Ma<'hnilf. AsMH'iate Curator t)f th«- • i. i i..irium, were ;•  ' 
hotanist.s of North and South Ani« ri, n r,r rc,<i or in ex . 
similar typo photographs or for sjx .■*! hy Fiolfl V 

CATAIXWIINC. INVKNTOKYING, AND LABELING- BOTANY 

There wore distrihuto<l in oxchange during 1041, to institutio 
and individuals in North and South America, 84 lots of duplic;. 
material, totalinji 10..'>76 items. Includod were herharium spo- 
mens. wo<xl specimens, and photojjraphs. Received on loan, :' 
study and determination, were twenty-three lots of material, co: 
prisinji more than l.Gr)0 .separate items. Kijjhty-four lots, compr 
9,127 siKx-imons. were lent for determination or for use in niun<j- 
praphir studies. 

Much of tho work involves! m the preparation of .specimens of 
cr>pti>gams for exchanges was performed by Mr. Donald Richard*, 
of the I 'niversity of Chicajjo. Records of all accessions, loan transac- 
tion.s, and photojrraphs of t>'pe specimens supplied to other in- 
stitutions, as well as the various card cataloj^es in the Deparlment 
Library, were accurately kept up to date by Mi.ss Edith M. Vincei 
Librarian of the Department. The catalogues of the economic c 
lections and woods were kept by Mr. Joseph Daston, who r^ 
valuable sonice also in the care and organization of the 
ment's files of photoprap'^- "^ the urowinp palm collection. .. 
prepanition of exchanno i il. In some of this work Mr. D 

was as.sisted by Miss Jeanne Paul, a student at Northwr 
I'niversity who, because of special interest in botany, ofTercd h 
volunteer services durinp vacation period.s. 

INSTALLATIONS AND RF.ARRANGKMKNTS IM)TANY 

Some notable additions were made during the year in the exhil 
tion halls of this Department. The most important of these is 
habitat {rroup in the form of a ' liorama showing the i' ' » 

vecotation of the rocky North A i ,.i -'re. This has been < 

in Martin A. and Carrie Ryerson H -.ll 20 Plant Life^ .-.. 

ately to the right of the alpine ni- . group which occupie. 
center of the north end of the hall. The new seaweed group th.. 
adjoins the synoptic exhibit of algae. 



i 
I 



Department of Botany 379 

Work upon this exhibit has been in active progress for more than 
a year. The material and studies on which it is based were obtained 
by two expeditions to the North Atlantic coast, one in 1939 by Mr. 
John R. Millar, and one in 1940 by Mr. Emil Sella, Chief Preparator 
in the Department of Botany. The first was sponsored by Mr. 
Sewell L. Avery, a Trustee of the Museum. Both expeditions 
visited the shores of the Bay of Fundy. The first one resulted in a 
large quantity of material with photographic records and observa- 
tions which served as a basis for the planning of the general lines 
of the group. A sketch model was prepared by Mr, Millar (then a 
member of the Department of Botany staff, now Curator of the N. W. 
Harris Public School Extension) on his return to the Museum. 
When other duties later prevented Mr. Millar's further attention 
to the project, it was taken over by Mr. Sella, who carried the work 
to its present successful conclusion. From the point of view of 
museum technique the new diorama is a notable achievement. The 
usual plastic materials, from plaster of Paris to Incite, have served 
to produce a realistic replica of the seaweed covering a rocky sea- 
shore exposed at ebbtide. 

Much of the essentially repetitious mechanical work required 
for this, as for various other recent exhibits, was performed under 
Mr. Sella's supervision by handicraft workers furnished by the 
Work Projects Administration. The background was painted by 
Staff Artist Arthur G. Rueckert. 

Minor exhibits added in their respective places in the sam.e hall 
were reproductions made in the Museum of a ginger plant grown at 
the Experimental Station of the Department of Agriculture of 
Trinidad and Tobago, and of a ripe fruit cluster of Nagal dates 
grown near Tucson, Arizona. Recent collecting by members of the 
staff in Brazil, Venezuela, and Guatemala furnished fruits, seeds, 
and plant products for installation or replacements in the exhibits 
of plant material in this hall. A large amount of work was also done 
during the year in preparation for further habitat groups to be in- 
stalled in the south end of the hall. 

A small-scale diorama of a cassava mill was added to the food 
plant exhibits in Hall 25. Based on observations and photographs 
made in northeastern Brazil, this was begun several years ago. The 
many small-scale figures, buildings, trees and other plants of which 
it is composed, were made by WPA craftsmen and artists under 
staff supervision. This material, properly adapted, reassembled, and 
supplied with a painted background, forms a small diorama which 



880 FlKLD MrSKLM OK NaTI'I^M, HiSToKY RKI*()JtTS. Vol.. 12 

serves to jfive an excellent idea of the preparation of farina, or farinha, 
from the tubers of the cassava plant. Known to us chiefly as the 
source of tapioca, this is one of the most important food plants of 
tropical America. It \v;ts ;rrown by the Indians in pre-Columbi.m 
days, was adopteti by the white settlors, and is still the chief .soun' 
of starchy foixi in large parts of South America, particularly west <• 
the Andes. It is in many places even more imixirtant than com, JLi 
only rival among the starchy fo<xl plants of the western hemi.spherc 

In response to the growing popular interest in .soybeans, a .special 
exhibit has been installed in the .same hall, showing many varietiei 
of the .soy, an ancient crop plant of the F'ar K:\si, which is assuming 
importance in the United States, especially for fodder and indu.strial 
purposes. 

The palm exhibits on the north .side of the .same hall have l)*-* n 
enriched by .some additions, the most notable l^eing sj)ecimens of 
the leaves and wax of the licur>* or "ouricury"' palm of Hahia, a gif" 
in part of Dr. Gregorio Hondar. Some additions and improvem-'-- 
have also been made in the babassu material presented .some vi.ir 
ago by Mr. H. F. John.son. Jr. This large palm with its heav 
clusters of fruit- each containing five to .six oleaginous kernels i- 
found over thou.sands of .square miles in the northern Atlantic states 
of lirazil. and is of interest and of growing importance as an available 
source of oil at a time when the copra trade is at a standstill and the 
African .supply of palm oil is becoming inacces.sible. The cohune 
palm oxliibit also received .some attention, and .some additions were 
made to the ivor>' nut palm and other installations. 

In Charles F. Mill.spaugh Hall (North American \\(^h Hall 26) 
six new colored transparencies were added to tho.se installed during 
the past few years. These complete the .series of Xorth American 
woodland .scenes which occupy the lower part of the window openingi. 
They .serve to add interest to the woods di.splaye<i, and to modify 
advantageou.sly the lighting in this hall. A few improvements were 
made in the exhibits by replacement of various photographs with 
new. more .satisf acton,* ones obtained mainly from the United State- 
Forest Service, and by the addition of a .section of a c>*pres3 knee 
in the .southern cypress exhibit. Three western woods v - -n 
alder, noble fir. and Sitka .spruce which were lacking fn.M, . • 
di.splay of principal North American forest trees in this hall, have 
finally been .secure<^l and await dr>ing and installation. 

The Hall of Foreign Woods (Hall 27) has received numerou- 
additions: seven Venezuelan woods received from Senor Joaquin 



J 




•a 
c 
ca 



.i: > 



H 


M 


— 


C/2 


'm 


0) 


< 


o 


y 


O 


o 


^ 


O 


c 


a 


o 


_o 


0) 


H 




tu 


Z 




0) 


< 


01 


J 


> 


o 


< 




J3 
M 

01 


K 


C 


0) 


H 


c 




ci 


■*^ 


o 


X 


Q 


2; 


m 


m 




•a 


^ 


TtT 


c 


o 


W 


d 


o 



0) 

(-. 

C 
& 

Oh 



2 J ;„ 






o 



W 

Q 
H 



5 M 









> 

o : oj 



03 a> 






B 

O 



Department of Botany 381 

Avellan, Caracas; and three Peruvian woods, three Central American, 
two Mexican, three Hawaiian, two AustraHan, two African, and two 
European woods, from various donors, including Russel Fortune 
Inc., Indianapolis; Penrod, Jurden and Clark, Cincinnati; T. H. 
Smith Veneers, Inc., Chicago; Ichabod J. Williams and Sons, and 
C. H. Pearson and Sons, New York. To the African woods there 
was added a large cross section of a trunk of one of the hardest 
and heaviest woods known — leadwood (also called ironwood or 
"hardekool") of South Africa — collected by the Vernay-Lang South 
African Expedition. 

By alterations in the arrangement of the offices and laboratories, 
space was provided for the Department's large wood collection, for 
the palm herbarium, and for the expansion of the herbarium of 
cryptogams. Better laboratory and other working space was also 
thus acquired for the preparation of botanical exhibits. 

The work of determining the thousands of collections of Myxo- 
phyceae received was continued by Dr. Drouet during 1941. One 
of the major projects, begun in 1940, was work on the N. L. Gardner 
herbarium of blue-green algae. A portion of this was prepared 
during 1941 for filing here and at the University of California, and 
for distribution in exchanges with other herbaria. With Mr. William 
A. Daily of the University of Cincinnati, work was continued on a 
revision of the Chroococcaceae, even though its scope was seriously 
hampered by the international situation, which prevented the borrow- 
ing of historic material from European herbaria. The collection of 
fungi was carefully surveyed and put in order in new herbarium 
cases installed in Room 9. 

More ample storage space for the wood collection made possible 
its more orderly rearrangement and the filing of the Museum's 
large and growing number of authentic wood specimens. Several 
thousand recently added South American woods were cut into 
standard sizes for the study collections, several duplicates of each 
number being provided at the same time for purposes of exchange. 

A large amount of bulky palm material in storage was cut and 
made into box and herbarium specimens, cases for which were 
provided by the addition last year of a large number of new steel 
herbarium cases in the general herbarium of flowering plants. About 
two thousand copies of original descriptions of palms and as many 
photographs were filed in the palm herbarium. 

Three employees of the Work Projects Administration spent 
all of their time until July 1, when the WPA project was discon- 



:i.vj I IKI.I) MrsKiM OF N'atiiiai. Histury Kki»<)RTs. Vol. 12 

linuc<l. in mounting siHvimens of rryplogani.H on sheets for filinc in 
the hfrburium. ;in<l in ronovatinR parkeU of the older col i 

accumulated in past years. Thus, at the end of 1941. the entire 
collections of alftac and hryophytes, and most of the lichens, re« 
in the herbarium in such a condition that jwrtions of the .specimeas 
cannot easily be lost or broken. 

Work of mounting new ct)llections of vascuhir plants did not 
proceed so nipidly :is in previ< irs because of withdrawal of 

\Vr.\ employees, with whose ;i-vi.>uince the work had been kept 
fully up to date in recent years. At the end of 1941 a larye quar'-*^- 
of material was still .iwnitinji preparation for distribution into 
study coUection.N 

DKPARTMKXT OF GEOLOGY 

K.XPKPITIONS AND RF:SEARCH 

Mr. Bryan Patterson. A.^vsistant Curator of Paleontolojjy, and ' 
Mr. James H. Quinn. Chief Preparator in Paleontoloj^y, spent three 
months collectinji vertebrate fossils in Colorado, Nebraska, and South 
Dakota. This expedition enriched the collections of vertebrate 
fossils by more than .VM^ specimens from the De Beque forma' ' 
It obtained skulls and many bones of the larjje hoofed mamma: 
Cnryphodnn. a partial skull of an early member of the rhinor*^--' 
group, and a number of small primates. The careful stratirr^ 
observ ations made will j)ermit recognition of several faunal I 
within the early Kocene jxirtion of the De P»eque formation. Th« 1 
party also obta.ined the skeleton of a large Mosa.saur in South DakoUi 
early Pliocene and IMeistocene mammals in N*ebra.ska, and foosil ' 
plant.s from the (ireen River formation in Colorado. 

Mr. I'aul O. McGrew. .\>.sistant Curator of Paleontology*, left 
early m November on an expe^iition to Honduras to collect fossil 
mammals. An important objective of this expetiition is determ --. 

tion of the dispute*! date of the emergence of the Isthmus of Pan.* 

from the sea. Thi. date, upon which paleontologists do not vr' 
agree, is of ge<' importance. Its determination will s- 

.several mysteries concerning migrations of mammals in the geological 
past, and help in the .solution of other paleontological problems. 

Dr. Sharat K. Roy, Curator of Geolog>\ .spent two and a 
months on an expedition to western and northern New York wh- r- 
he collected exhibition .specimens of invertebrate fos-sils from the 
Upper and Middle Devonian. The object of the expedition, w' 
was fully accomplished, was to .secure material to fill gaps in ui- 



Department of Geology 383 

exhibited collection before its contemplated reinstallation was 
undertaken. In addition to exhibition material, many specimens for 
use in researches leading to future publications were collected. 

To facilitate research, Assistant Curator McGrew spent three 
weeks studying collections in eastern museums. Chief Preparator 
Quinn also spent two weeks in the east studying improved methods 
of preparation and installation. A continuous program of research 
based on vertebrate fossil specimens collected by Museum expedi- 
tions was carried on by Assistant Curators Patterson and McGrew. 
Papers written by Mr. Patterson were: A New Phororhacoid Bird 
from the Deseado Formation of Patagonia, published in the Geological 
Series of Field Museum, and Two Tertiary Mammals from Northern 
South America, now in press, which will appear in the American 
Museum Novitates. Papers by Mr. McGrew, all of which have 
appeared in the Geological Series of Field Museum, were Heteromyids 
from the Miocene and Lower Oligocene; A New Miocene Lagomorph; 
A New Procyonid from the Miocene of Nebraska; and The Aplodon- 
toidea. A paper by Mr. Grayson E. Meade, A New Erinaceid from 
the Lower Miocene, describing a type specimen in the Museum 
collections, and one entitled A New Fossil Alligator from Nebraska, 
by Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, Chief Curator of the Museum's Depart- 
ment of Zoology, were also published in the Geological Series. In 
the Museum's Memoirs Series there was published The Upper Ordo- 
vician Fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffi,7i Land, by Dr. Sharat K. Roy, 
Curator of Geology. 

A paper by Dr. D. C. Dapples of Northwestern University, 
on sands collected by Field Museum Asiatic expeditions, was pub- 
lished in the Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 

ACCESSIONS— GEOLOGY 

Sixty-three accessions, including 530 specimens, were recorded 
in the Department of Geology during the year. Of these, 377 
classified as gifts, 24 were from exchanges, 115 were from expeditions, 
7 were purchased, 5 were transfers from other Departments, and 2 
were made in the Department workrooms. These figures omit 
many of the specimens collected by expeditions, because the un- 
packing and classification of these, although now under way, have 
not yet been completed. 

The most important gift of the year is a collection of twenty- 
three gems of fine quality presented by Mrs. Richard T. Crane, Jr., 
of Chicago. This collection includes a ruby, sapphires, topaz, tour- 
malines and other choice gems for H. N. Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31). 



3S4 FiKi.i) MusKUM OF N'atiral Hisiukv IlKPt)RTS, Vol. 12 

The gem collection wa.s increases! also by the addition of twenty- 
four miscellaneous jjems presente<i by Dr. Paul Boomer, of Chicago. 
Four step-cut white benls of fine (juality. weighing more than .sixteen 
carats, were presente<l by Dr. lienwiict (iresky, of Chicago, and 
make another desirable addition to the Hall of dem.s. 

The .semi-precious and ornamental .section of the gem collectjon 
w;us cnlarge<i by the addition of thirty-one .specimens of Mexican 
onyx cabochons and other ornamental shapes i presenter! by Mr. 
William K. Menzel and Mr. Steven (lulon. of Chicago, and Mr. 
O. C. H.-ynes, of Los Angeles, California, and a thom.sonite of ex- 
ceptional size and quality presented by Mr. O. \. Gentz, of Chicago. 
Mr. A. H. Becker, of Madi.son, Wi.sconsin. presented a large maat 
of moonstone in the rough from which it is expected fine sp)ecimena 
can be cut. 

The mineral collection was increased by gifts of seventy-tW' 
.specimens from sixteen donors, and twenty obtained by exchange. I 
Most of these are of superior or even .semi-precious quality 
K.specially noteworthy is the gift of thirty-five minerals, mo.stly of 
.semi-precious quality, from Mrs. John Stuart Coonley, of Chicago. •■ 
The .specimens include amber, lapis lazuli, agate, and other minerals | 
equally esteemed for ornament. 

Sixteen minerals obtaine<l by exchange with Mr. Cilen H. Hod.son, 
i)f Klmhurst, Illinois, include the largest .slice of iris agate known, 
and what are believed to be the finest examples of wulfenite. dioptase, 
caledonite. and aurichalcite in the I'niteil States. A gift from Mr. 
Claron Hogle. of Duluth. Minnesota, added to the mineral exhibit 
a thomsonite sujxTior in quality to any before exhibited. Mr. 0. J. 
Salo, of Red L(Klge. Montana, addefi to his gifts of former years 
eight .specimens of dahlite. Mr. Willard Bascom, of Golden, Colorado, 
presented .specimens of the rare minerals cerite. allanite, and euxenite, 
and Mr. .John Butrim, also of Golden, Colorado, gave a specimen 
of rare talcLriphyllite. A mass of algae transformed into chalce- 
dony, locally called algal agate, the gift of Mr. Henry E. Lee, of 
Rapid City, South Dakota, promi.ses to make an unu.sually attrac- u 
live specimen when prepared for exhibition. 

The meteorite collection was increased by one specimen received 
as a gift, one obtained by exchange, and .seven .specimens resulting 
from purchases. An important addition to the tektite collection 
was the gift of twelve tektites presented by Dr. R. F. Barton, of 
Manila. Philippine Islands. 



Department of Geology 385 

cataloguing, inventorying, and labeling — geology 

During 1941, there were 1,825 entries made in the Department's 
twenty-nine record books. All specimens received during the year 
were catalogued except such specimens from expeditions as have 
not yet been sufficiently prepared and classified to permit cataloguing. 
All specimens of the gem collection were recorded in a new record 
book, and its classified card catalogue has been checked and the 
cards reassembled in final order. All classified card catalogues have 
been kept up to date. In all, 1,565 cards were added to these 
catalogues. 

INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS — GEOLOGY 

Reinstallation along the improved lines detailed in the 1940 
Report continued through the year. The two most important changes 
were the complete reinstallation of the gem collection in H. N. 
Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31), and continuation of the conversion 
of Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38) into a Hall of Vertebrate 
Paleontology. With the exception of Higinbotham Hall, which was 
closed for several months, it has been possible to conduct the work 
so that only a few exhibits have been withdrawn from display at 
any one time. After months of study and preparation, the collec- 
tions of gems and jewels in Higinbotham Hall have been completely 
reinstalled and are now displayed in surroundings worthy of them, 
and in a manner that brings out their full beauty of color, luster, and 
brilliance as never before. 

Higinbotham Hall has been completely rebuilt both architec- 
turally and as to style of installation and lighting of exhibits. New 
cases were designed by the best available talent. The principal 
collection is placed in eight island cases. These have an exterior 
of English harewood matching the trim of the hall. The glass is 
framed in polished bronze, and the interiors are of bird's-eye maple. 
The gems are illuminated by concealed fluorescent lights which 
enhance their brilliancy. Seventeen smaller cases in the walls 
contain the jewelry collection and three special collections. High 
in the wall opposite the entrance is a stained glass window by 
Tiffany representing a mermaid rising from the sea. The collection 
now contains more than 3,000 specimens. The hall was reopened 
to the public on June 19. 

The conversion of Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38) from a hall 
of general paleontology to a hall of vertebrate paleontology has 
continued steadily. The extension of vertebrate paleontology to 



386 FiKi.D MrsK.r.M of Natikai. History IiKiH)KT>i. Vol. 12 

oocui)) tlu* entire hall m;ule it jx)ssible to adopi a in«»re roomy, as 
well as a more attractive. .'irranRement of exhibits. The ;irr'""'">""' 
in alcoves of uniform extent was abandonetl in favor of an a 
of larger and smaller alcoves. A pleasing arranKement was adopt.^i. 
making the alcoves conform in extent with the Charles R. Kniv';.t 
murals ab<ne them. This again wns m(Klirie<l by the need for oi>en 
spaces about the l.jrger exhibits on the floor. 

The type of casing adopte<l for the new arrangement con.sists of 
upright cases ten and twelve feet in length and two to four feet in 
width, with bases only twelve inches in height. These cases pro: 
an exhibition space of six feet vertically, and are lighteti by fluor 
tubes. Shelving has been almost entirely di.spensed with, and t \. ..;... .^ 
either stand u|><in simple bases which cover the entire floor of the 
cases, or are attachwi by means of studs or brackets to the back of 
the cases, or to a screen where cases face two ways. By this arrange- 
ment, shadows within each ca^? are almost entirely eliminated, and 
a freer arrangement of exhibits is made pojwible. 

Two new exhibits were addetl. and six cases were rearning»-<i. 
regrouped, improves! by the addition of restoration drawings in 
color, and installed in the new type of upright cases. A .skeleton of 
Prncnmrlus, prepared last year, wa-^ adde<i to the camel .series, and 
a skeleton of Orytinctylus. which had formerly occupied a floor ca^*-. 
was remounted. These two cases, together with an evolution.iry 
soHes, form the basis of an alcove devoted to camels. \ slab 
from the Agate Springs P'ossil Quarn- was installed in a floor ca^^. 
The various elephant and mastodon .specimens were worked over, 
.ind a series of teeth and jaws was .selected and grouped in a careful 
study by A.ssistant Curator Br>'an Patterson and Chief Preparator 
James H. Quinn. Thus was formed a systematic exhibit illustrative 
the relation.ships of these two families. The ca-^ wa^ made more 
attractive by four splendid restoration paintings, prepared by Mr. 
John Conrad Hansen. The carefully studied arrangement of thi.s 
case, together with the introtluction of restorations in color, .set a 
new standard in the exhibition of fo.ssil vertebrates in this Museum. 

A La Urea < California) Tar lieds exhibit, con.si.sting of a .skeleton 
of the great .sloth Paramylndojt and a .saber-tooth tiger Smilodon, 
was constructed and installed by Chief Preparator Quinn; it includes 
another restoration painting by Mr. Hansen. A case of pig-like 
mammals and oreodonts. including members of four families, was 
prepared by Mr. Elmer S. Riggs, Curator of Paleontolog>% and 
other members of the staff. An exhibit. Rodents of the Western 



DEPARTilENT OF GeOLOGY 387 

Hemisphere, arranged on the background of a chart to illustrate 
the branching out of various lines of development, was prepared 
by Assistant Curators Paul 0. ]McGrew and Bryan Patterson. A 
striking exhibit of skeletons of great flightless birds, including a Moa 
from Xew Zealand, and the Mesemhriornis of Argentina, was pre- 
pared by IMr. Quinn under the supervision of IMr. Patterson. An 
exhibit of skulls of homed titanotheres was prepai'ed bj^ Curator 
Riggs and Prepai'ator Harold Gilpin. All of these exhibits are accom- 
panied by rather brief descriptive labels and illustrated with restora- 
tion paintings. 

i Duplicate specimens which have been exhibited in the past were 
brought to the third floor and stored, as were also a number of 
specimens too large for the cases pro^ided, or undesirable for further 
exhibition. To receive such exhibits twelve A-t^'pe cases and one 
square case, recently discarded, were brought to Rooms 101 and 
103. A large case was built in the storage space of Room 107 to 
receive and protect the tj'pe specimen of the large dinosaur 
Brachiosaurus. 

Prepai'ation of vertebrate fossils for exhibition and study con- 
tinued throughout the year. At the begiiming of the year the regular 
staff was assisted by a well-trained force of four men from the 
Work Projects Administi^ation, and one volunteer. Because of the 
closing of the WPA project, the working force of the laboratories 
was gradually reduced until by June 1 only the regular staff 
remained. 

Important specimens prepai*ed include two skeletons of the small 
Pliocene camel, Stenomylus, two of the primitive deer Aletomeryx, 
and one of a small oreodont. In addition, forty-one skulls of fossil 
mammals, a similar number of jaws, several hundred odd bones, and 
three carapaces of fossil turtles were prepared. IMuch time and 
labor were expended in remounting old exhibits to adapt them to the 
new cases in which they ai'e now exhibited. Six of the larger old 
exhibits were remounted, and the mounts of a number of the smaller 
exhibits were improved. 

The thirty-six cases which contain the invertebrate fossil collec- 
tions were moved from Ernest R. Graham Hall vHall 38) to Fi-ederick 
J. A'. Skiff Hall (^Hall 37), which is to be the new invertebrate hall. 
The contents of these cases remain for the present installed in the 
old style — on shelves or the floors of table cases. Preparation for 
a thorough reNision of this collection and the incorporation of material 
from Dr. Roy's 1941 expedition is in progress. 



as8 FiKiJ) MrsKiM OF N'atiral History Kki*okts. Vol. 12 

The collection of metallic ores which fills the cast end of the hall 
has been left unfiisturl)e<l until it can l>e movwi to its new position 
in Mall 'M\. The entire colUvtion of economic tjeolojry which forrr'-^" 
fillcii Halls 36 and 37 is in process of condensation to occupy M,t 
only. Thus far, five double cases, with contents correspon* i . ; 
ton of the old cases, have been installed and placed in the u- 
end of the hall. 

Many of the .specimens from the old installation re^juired, beside 
ordinary renovation, additional j>reparation involving much tim« 
and labor Ix'fore they were ready for reinstallation. Nearly 150 of 
them were cut to bettor shape on the stone saw. Hundreds of h " 
for support.s were drillH in n^ks. some of them so hard as to refjur' 
u.se of the diamonfl drill. The hundreds of new trays, label hoM. r- 
supjiorts. and other accessories needed were made in the Dcpari- 
ment workrooms. 

Reinstallation of Clarence Buckingham Hall (Hall 35), which 
contains the structural and dynamical collections, has been tempo- 
rarily susi)ended, partly on account of reinstallation work el.sewhere 
and partly l)ecau.se recent expeditions have provided superior 
material which requires much preparation before it can be exhibited. 
The case containing rare gases, invisible until excited by electrir 
current, which had been out of order for .some time, was repaired 
through the courtesy of the Air Reduction Company, and is nou- 
again in operation. 

The fluorescent lamp which illuminates the exhibit of fluorescent 
minerals faile<i after five years* u.se and has been replaced. No 
changes were made in the mineral collection which occupies the 
east end of Hall 34. The meteorite collection which fills the west 
half of the hall was enlarged by the addition of .specimens of nine 
meteorites not before represented, and twelve tektites. 

A beginning was made on the transfer of the mineral study 
collection from storage .space beneath exhibition cases in Hall 34 
to a permanent place in Room 1 16. This work, which was begun by 
Mr. Hr>ant Mather. A.ssistant Curator of Mineralog>-, was inter- 
rupted by his ab.sence in the .ser\-ice of the nation during the 
last half of the year. 

The transfer of the invertebrate study collections to their perma- 
nent place in Room 111 continued. During tran.sfer, all specimens 
and their labels were checked, data for the classified catalogue 
entries for the results of this year's expedition were prepared, and 
gaps in the collection were noted for filling by future expeditions. 



\ 




\ 



/^ 



o 

c 
C 



.'<f -N^ 









/"^ 



« 



/^ 




^ ^- 



^ ,J ^ m 





be 

c 



o 



o 

O 
hJ 
O 
H 
Z 
O 

w 
<; 



HH S 



K 

fa 
o 



H 2 
Oh ■g 






c 

a 


















> 



e 

o 
pi 



a 



Of IHE 



Department of Zoology 389 

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 

EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH 

The most important of the Museum's zoological expeditions in 
1941 was the Leon Mandel Galapagos Expedition which sailed on the 
yacht Carola from Havana on January 4. This was the fifth Field 
Museum expedition to be sponsored by Mr. Leon Mandel, of Chicago. 
Included in the scientific and technical personnel were Dr. Wilfred H. 
Osgood, Curator Emeritus of Zoology, leader of the scientific party; 
Mr. Rudyerd Boulton, Curator of Birds; Mr. Melvin A. Traylor, Jr., 
Associate in Ornithology; Mr. Loren P. Woods, Assistant Curator 
of Fishes; Mr. Leon L. Walters, Staff Taxidermist; Captain William 
Gray, and Mr. Ronald Lambert. 

I The expedition returned to New Orleans on March 12, after 
visiting and collecting in and about all of the principal islands of 
the Galapagos archipelago and Cocos Island, visiting the coast of 
Peru, and collecting on the high seas. Excellent representative 
collections made by this expedition comprise 440 birds and 1,955 marine 
fishes. These supplement previous collections made by the Crane 
Pacific Expedition some years ago. Included in the results of the 
expedition were materials for a biological exhibit demonstrating 
speciation in birds, accessories and specimens for a habitat group 
of Galapagos fishes, and studies and molds of a 13-foot manta or 
"devil fish" for the new Hall of Fishes (Hall 0). 

Early in July, Mr. Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals, 
returned to Peru to complete his project for studies of tropical bats 
undertaken under the joint auspices of the John Simon Guggenheim 
Memorial Foundation and Field Museum in 1939. With the addition 
of funds from the Museum, Mr. Sanborn will remain in the field 
well into 1942, completing the survey of type localities of mammals 
in southern Peru begun on the Magellanic Expedition of 1939-40. 
He is also collecting for several other divisions of the Museum. At 
the end of the year he reported sending a shipment of six cases of 
specimens, including 50 bird skins, 255 specimens of mammals, large 
numbers of fishes, reptiles, amphibians, and bats in alcohol, and 
various invertebrates. The most notable segment of his itinerary 
in 1941 was the trip to the Santo Domingo Mine, where he was 
entertained by Mr. L. C. Woods. This locality is famous in the 
history of the zoological exploration of Peru as the "Inca Mines." 

Other Museum field work was more strictly limited to the scope 
of the divisions concerned. During the spring and summer, Mr. 



390 FlKLD MUSKUM OF NATURAL UlSTOl'.Y RkPORTS. \ i>L. 12 

Kmmel K. Hlake. Aasistanl Curator of liirds. and Mr. Mclvin A. 
Traylor. Jr.. A.>wociale in Ornithology, conducted a field trip in the 
southwestern and Rocky Mountain .states to collect mi.soellaneouf 
' material an<l a for a projected addition to the senei 

ni tii'MiRical exhibits \n tmn ^i. The present unit, for which a con- 
siderable nucleus has Uoi'u collected, is designed to illustnite the 
amazing diversity of nest construction, the wide range of habitat* 
uliliz(Hi for concealment of nests and protection of eggs and young, 
and other elements of the bree<iing biology of birds. A total of 422 
specimens was collected, including 156 bird skins, 42 skeletons ai 
preserved specimens, 87 nests with habitat accessories and photo- 
graphic studies, 37 sets of eggs. HI reptiles, and 19 mammals. 

Field work for the Divi.sion of Reptiles include*! .several collecting 
trips by Curator Clifford H. Pope within Illinois, by means of which 
he was able to familiarize him.self with the animal geography of 
the state. Chief Curator K;u-| V. Schmidt, accompanied by his .son, 
Mr. John M. Schmidt, and by Mr. C. M. liarber. of Hot Springs, 
.Vrkan.sas. a former member of Field Mu.-^um's staff, visited Arkan'^ai 
and Texas where they collected 245 amphibians and reptiles 

Mr. I'ope represented the Mu.seum at the meetings of the 
American Society of Ichthyologists and Hen^ctologists at Gaines- 
ville. P'lorida. in April. 

Mr. .Mfrefj C. Weed. Curator of P'i.shes. s|>ent several weeks in 
August and September at the Marine Station of the Cnited States 
Commi.ssion of Fisheries at Beaufort. Xorth Carolina. He paid 
especial attention to the collecting of mullets, for his part in the 
preparation of a general account of Xorth Atlantic c >astal marine 
fishes to be prepare^l by a cfvoperating group of ichthy< ' ~ *>. 
.\fler his return from the Mandel (lalapagos Kxi>e<lition. A- .-;.»iit 
Curator Woods took part in four local collecting trip-; -i^ n.irt of a 
general study of the fish fauna of the Chicago region 

A limite<^i amount of local insect collecting was done in the 
Chicago region by Curator William J. (irrhard and A.s.sistant Curator 
Rupert Wenzel. In connection with his research on beetles of the 
family Historidae and on the insect parasites of bats. Mr. Wenzel 
spent several weeks in the study of collections in eastern mu.seumA. 
Aided by Mr. Henr>- Dybas. Mr. Wenzel has made a thorough 
examination of the alcoholic collections of bats in the Mu.seum, and 
•some of the bird skins, and has obtained some 1,355 .specimens of 
insect parasites. This important collection thus results from the 
accumulated expeditions of past years. 



Department of Zoology 391 

Dr. Fritz Haas, Curator of Lower Invertebrates, spent two 
months, April 3 to June 3, on the Cahfornia coast at the Scripps 
Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, and the Hopkins Marine 
Station, Pacific Grove. At both of these stations he was most 
cordially received and supplied with facilities for collecting and 
study. His collections amount to more than 3,000 specimens of 
mollusks, with much material of other invertebrate groups. Dr. 
Haas attended the meetings of the American Malacologists' Union 
in Rockland, Maine, in August, and presented a paper on Habits 
of Life of Some West Coast Bivalves. 

Mr. Frank C. Wonder, Assistant Taxidermist, joined an expedi- 
tion to Mexico in the summer of 1941, led by Mr. Harry Hoogstraal, 
of the University of Illinois. Mr. Wonder collected a total of 358 
specimens of mammals in the interesting region about Mount Tancitaro, 
in the state of Michoacan. The birds collected by other members of 
the party were purchased for the Museum collection, and other 
collections from this region, made by Mr. Hoogstraal's expedition 
during the previous year, form a satisfactory nucleus of material for 
various scientific reports in preparation. 

During July and August, Mr. C. J. Albrecht, Staff Taxidermist, 
visited the whaling station at Eureka, California, to make photo- 
graphic studies and casts of whales for his series of models for a 
projected Hall of Whales. A visit to Monterey Bay enabled him to 
photograph sea otters, rare marine mammals which enjoy complete 
governmental protection. 

The publications in the Museum's Zoological Series reflect a 
considerable share of the current research in the Department. 
Volume 27 in this series, devoted to papers on mammalogy, was 
published as a testimonial of the Museum's appreciation of Curator 
Emeritus Osgood, various papers being invited from his colleagues 
in other institutions. Two papers from the Museum staff (listed 
below), are included, together with appreciations by President 
Stanley Field and Director Clifford C. Gregg, and a portrait 
of Dr. Osgood. 

Publications by the staff are: Descriptions and Records of Neo- 
tropical Bats, by Curator Colin C. Sanborn; Birds from the Yucatan 
Peninsula, by Associate Melvin A. Traylor, Jr. ; Two New Birds from 
British Guiana, by Assistant Curator Emmet R. Blake; Reptiles and 
Amphibians from Central Arabia, A New Fossil Alligator from 
Nebraska, and The Amphibians and Reptiles of British Honduras, by 
Chief Curator Karl P. Schmidt; The Herpetological Fauna of the 



392 FiKU) MrsKUM ok Nati rai- Histouy Rkports. Vol. 12 

Salama Hajtin, llijn X'rrajxjz, (Itiaicmaln. by Chief Curator Karl ! 
5^chmit^t and L. C. Stuart; CupuUUory Adjustment in Snakes. l> 
Curator ClifTonl H. Poih*; The Arteries of the Fnrearm in CarnivoriM, 
by Curator D. DwJKhl Davis; .\>«r and Little Knotrn S'eotTopitai 
Histrriiiae {Coleoptera\ by A -! -»->." f Curator Ku|>ert L. Wenzel 
and Henry S. Dybas; and > :ical \otes II and Records of 

Ixirge Fresh-Water Mussels, by Curator Fritz Haas. Galley proof 
has lM?en corrected for a volume of the Catalogue of the Birds of t) 
Americas, dealing with jjame birds, in which Research Asso 
Boardman Conover is co-author with Dr. Charles E. Hellmay: 
A.'wcx'iate Curator of Birds. It is hoped that this may appear • 
in 1942. A part of the remaining manuscript, covering va 
families of water birds, is with Dr. Hellmayr in (Jeneva, Switzer 
and much concern is felt as to the possibility of ob»-ti"irii' it in 1. ._. 
Dr. Hellmayr's manu.script on the hawks and , has l-oen 
received. Due to the large additions necessitated by the Mu.seum 
acqui.sition of the Leslie Wheeler Collection, this part will amour, 
to a separate volume. 

Other publications in the Zoological Series include \'etc Term 
tophilous Diptera from the S'eotropics, by Dr. Charles H. Seevers of 
the YMCA College. Chicago, and A Xeic Subspecies of Sceloporu.^ 
jarrorii from Mexico, by Hobart M. Smith and Hr>'ce C. Browr 
Considerable progress was made on the third and last part of th' 
Bibliography of Birds, by Dr. R. M. Strong. 

Numerous minor papers and reviews were published by varioi; 
members of the staff in technical journals. Chief Curator Schmic 
continued as Herjx'tological Editor of the journal Copeia. 

The research activities of the Department are only partly 
reflected in the list of publications. In the Division of Mammals. ^ 
Curator Kmeritus Osgood has a comprehen.sive account of th' 
mammals of Chile in an advanced state of preparation; and Curator 
Sanborn had continued his taxonomic researches on bats, with 
revision of the genus Rhinolnphus nearly finished at the time of < 
his departure for Peru. 

In the Division of Birds, Curator Boulton continues his major 
interest in African birds, especially of Angola, and A.ssistant Cur 
Blake has devoted .some time to research on the birds of Br 
Guiana. The major part of Mr. Blakes time available for rese..; .. 
has been spent on considerable collections of Mexican birds, in which 
he is joined by Mr. Harold Hanson, of the Cniver.sity of Wisconsin 
collector of a part of the material. 



Department of Zoology 393 

In the Division of Reptiles, Curator Pope has begun to set in 
order the Asiatic collections, while Chief Curator Schmidt continues 
his interest in the herpetological faunas of upper Central America 
and of Peru. 

In the Division of Fishes, Curator Weed is engaged in studies 
on mullets for a general account of the Atlantic species. Mr. Woods 
is engaged in the preparation of an annotated list of the Galapagos 
and Cocos Island fishes obtained by the Leon Mandel Galapagos 
Expedition. 

The research program of the Division of Anatomy continued to 
center around the morphology of the bearlike carnivores. Interpre- 
tation of the considerable mass of data that has accumulated on the 
giant panda demands much collateral research, and some of this is 
so extensive that it must be handled separately in the form of 
preliminary reports. Two such reports were completed during the 
year — one, by Dr. Walter Segall, of Rush Medical College, on the 
structure of the auditory region in Carnivores; the other, by Curator 
D. Dwight Davis, assisted by Miss Elizabeth Story, on the arteries 
of the forearm in carnivores. Working under a special research 
stipend. Dr. Segall is continuing his studies of the auditory region 
of mammals as time permits. Miss Peggy Collins, of Glen Ellyn, 
Illinois, volunteered her services as artist for several months, during 
which she prepared an excellent series of drawings to illustrate Dr. 
Segall's report. Other similar projects were under way at the end 
of the year. 

The Museum continued its policy of extracting the maximum 
of scientific value from the animals that die in the zoo of the Chicago 
Zoological Society. In addition to preparations of material for use 
in the Museum itself, the brain of a cassowary was prepared and 
supplied to the University of Toronto, where special studies on 
brain structure are being conducted, and twenty-five mammal hearts 
were forwarded to the University of Oklahoma Medical School for 
use in studies on the aortic arch pattern in mammals. Because of 
the active interest in the anatomy of the Primates, particularly of the 
great apes, a fine adult female orang-utan was embalmed, and its 
circulatory system injected with latex. It is being stored for use as 
occasion demands. 

In the Division of Insects, Curator Gerhard's time has been 
occupied with planning, labeling, and installing cases of North 
American and exotic butterflies and moths for exhibition. Assistant 



394 FiKi.i) Ml sF.iM OF Natural History Kkih)RTs. Vol. 12 

Curator Wenzel continuwl hi.H active studies on ihe beetles of the 
family Histeridae and on the variou.s in.'*ect parasites of bats. 

In the Divi.sion of Lower Invertebrates. Curator Haaa continued 
to obtain a by-pnxiuct in the fonn of malacological notes from hb* 
curatorial work on the collection. The prospect, toward the clo«r 
of the year, of the .i' ion of the larpo and important Walter F. 

Webb collection of n. i.u r.s mean.s a further |>eriod of time in which 
the iH'rmanent aminncment of the colleclion, in the absence of 
assi.stance. will absorb the major part of his time. 

ACCF^SSIONS ZOOLOGY 

The total numl)er of acces.sion5 for the year is 413, con.sisting of 
73.5r>9 .specimen.s. These comprise 926 mammals. 8.655 birds and 
5:J ejjjjs. 2,086 amphibians and reptiles. 11.780 fi.shes. 44.004 ins* 
and 6.0-16 lower invertebrates. Include*! in the above figures ar« 
298 specimens of mammals, birds, and reptiles preser\ed for :'.•■■■ 
tomical study or as skeletons. Accessions by {jift total IP 
specimens, by exchange 562. by Mu.seum expeditions (or oi;;i:f 
collecting by the staff) 11.536. and by purchase 42,207. 

Notable Rifts of mammals include numerous .specimens received 
from the Chicago Zoological Society: a mounted grizzly bear from 
Mr. F. N*. Hard, of Chicago; a mounted head of the Marco Polo 
wild .sheep from Mr. James Simpson. Jr.. of Chicago, and a small 
collection of excellently prepared study .skins from Colorado, pre- 
sented by Mr. John M. Schmidt, of Homewood, Illinois. Fromm 
Brothers, who ojx'rate the well-known fur farm at Hamburg. Wu*- 
consin. presentetl the Mu.seum with five specimens of foxes reprc 
senting the typical .silver, black, cross, and red foxes familiar as furs 
It is intende<l to prepare an exhibit of these as a separate case, ^-ith 
the addition of the Arctic white and blue foxes. 

The principal gifts of birds were 522 specimens from the Mexican 
State of Oaxaca. presented by Mr. Boardman Conover, and about 
1.000 .specimens from Dr. Louis B. Bishop, of Pasadena, California. 
Collections of fishes from the Chicago region, amounting to 8,984 
specimens, were presented by Messrs. Robert Haas and Loren P. 
Wood^. of Chicago. Notable gift.s of in.sects were 2.400 ^po^'^^'-n* 
from Mr. Kmil Liljeblad. of Villa Park. Illinois, former A t 

Curator in the Divi.sion of In.sects: 070 beetles from Eur« . 1 

Peru from lYofessor J. Soukup. of Lima. Peru, and 169 .specimenf 
from Dr. Charles H. See\er5, of Chicago. 



Department of Zoology 395 

Noteworthy additions to the collection of skeletons and to the 
series of specimens preserved especially for anatomical studies came 
mainly from the Chicago Zoological Society. Valued specimens 
were received also from the Lincoln Park Zoo. 

Exchanges were made during 1940 with the principal American 
museums of natural history, and with various individuals. 

Purchases include noteworthy additions to the reference collec- 
tions of birds from Bolivia, West Africa, and Australia; a collection 
of amphibians and reptiles from Mexico, purchased from Dr. Harry 
Hoogstraal, of Urbana, Illinois; and two large sharks for exhibition 
models. 

Two notable purchases greatly increased the insect collection. 
One of these is a special collection of beetles of the family Histeridae 
(on which family Assistant Curator Wenzel is a recognized authority), 
amounting to about 15,000 specimens. Such collections, built up 
in the course of their studies by specialists who assemble specimens 
from all quarters of the world, are of great scientific value and it 
is important that they should find their way into the permanent 
collections of the larger museums. The second large purchase of 
insects represents fresh material, collected by Mr. Henry Dybas in 
Mexico in the summer of 1941, It is rich in the interesting beetles 
of the family Ptiliniidae, which includes some of the smallest insects. 

CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING — ZOOLOGY 

The entries in the Departmental catalogues number 12,957; of 
these 895 were for mammals, 5,796 for birds, 2,967 for reptiles, 2,519 
for fishes, 26 for anatomy, and 1,654 for lower invertebrates. 

During the first six months of the year, with the aid of the WPA, 
1,061 sets of eggs were packed and labeled. Much work was involved 
in the unpacking of the large collections received during the year. 
The collections of reptiles on the fourth floor (East Gallery) were 
completely inventoried and labeled by Mr. Pope. Mr. Pope has 
made much progress in identifying, labeling, and shelving accumulated 
Asiatic and South American collections. Mr. Woods continued a 
program of re-labeling the reference collections of fishes. The 
collection was found to be in need of a change of alcohol, due to 
deterioration by evaporation and solvent action on oils in specimens. 
This change is accomplished in an economical way by redistillation 
of the old alcohol; more than 650 gallons were so reclaimed during 
the year, from an original 950 gallons changed. Good progress was 
made in the cataloguing of the more important segments of various 



a% FiKi.D MrsKi'M OF Natirai. History Kkports. Vol. 12 

collections accumulate*! by the Division of F'ishes. In the Diviiuon 
of Anatomy (which catal«)^:ues its specimens mainly in the catalogues 
of other Divisions), the card index f)f such material was kept up to 
date by a total of .'U7 entries. 

So far as possible all new acquisitions in the Division of InaecU 
were given the attention neinicHl to render the .specimens accessible 
for study and to insure their permanent preservation. Some 6,630 
specimens were pinntnl. .'i.iMM) were pin-labelefl, and 3,200 were 
8orte<i. lal)ole<l. and presen'ed in alcohol. A limited amount of time 
was devote*! to assembling and determining .scarabaeid beetles in 
order to advance the rearrangrnient of the collection of North 
American Ixx^tles. At least 2,(MM) histerid beetles were also pinnwl, 
classifie*]. and :uTange<^i in new unit-trays that are now being u^ 
for certain orders of insects. 

in the Division of U)wer Invertebrates, about 1.2rM) numbers of 
the old .shell collection, comprising .some 12,000 .specimens, have 
been revise*!. New material, corresponding to the 1,654 catalogue 
entries for the Divi.sion, has been labeled! and placed in the permanent 
collection. 

INSTALLATIONS AND RKARRANT.KMKNTS ZOOLOGY 

Important additions and changes were made in the hall con- 
taining the .systematic collection of mammals (Hall 15). The ex- 
hibit of wild pigs was enlarged to occupy two cases by the addition 
of a Kuropean wild Ijoar. African re*! river hog, Abyssinian bu.sh pig, 
Philippine pig, and the remarkable babiru.sa of Celebes. The speci- 
men last named is a cellulose-acetate reproduction by Staff Taxi- 
dermist I/eon L. Walters; the others are mounted .»ikins, the work 
of Staff Taxidermist Julius Friesser. An unsatisfactor>* mount of a 
grizzly l)ear and cub were replaced by the fine specimen collected 
and presente*! by Mr. V. N. Bard, of Highland Park, Illinois, which 
had been mounted by Mr. Friesser. The case containing a llama, 
alpaca, .ind vicuna was removed from exhibition. 

Exhibition work in progress for the Divi.sion of Mammals in- 
cludes an exhibit of enlarged models of bats by Mr. Walters, aided 
by Mr. John P>ker; two new screens representing the mammals of 
the Chicago region by Staff Taxidennist W. E. Eig.sti, and a .s«nes 
of models for a hall of whales by Staff Taxidermist C. J. Albrecht. 
The panoramic background for a habitat group of gibbons, painted 
by Mr. Arthur G. Rueckert. Staff Artist, was finished in December. 

Two .screens were added to the .series of exotic birds in Hall 21, 
exhibiting many .sp>ecimens of diverse families that fill gaps in the 



Field Museum of Natural History 



Reports, Vol. 12, Plate 29 




HABITAT GROUP OF GREEN PEAFOWL IN INDO-CHINA 

The specimens are a gift from Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator Emeritus of Zoology, 

who collected them on an expedition he personally sponsored and conducted 

Prepared by John W. Moyer, Prank H. Letl, and Arthur G. Hueckert 

Hall of Birds (Hall 20) 



IHE LlBRAHf 
OF THE 



Department of Zoology 397 

series on exhibition. These mounts are the work of Staff Taxidermist 
John W. Moyer. 

A habitat group of green peafowl was completed and installed 
in Hall 20 in the series of groups that show the environments and 
range of ecological conditions under which birds live throughout the 
world. The specimens, together with accessories, were collected by 
Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood in Indo-China and presented by him to 
Field Museum. The group shows a pair of the birds aroused at dawn 
from their roosting perches in a dead tree overtopping the tropical 
forest. In the background the early morning mist is lifting from 
low areas in the terrain and a rosy glow pervades the sky. This 
species of peafowl, less widely distributed and not so well known as 
the common Indian species, is in a subtle way the more gorgeously 
colored. The train of the male, shown to advantage in the habitat 
group, is fully as large and extensive as that of the common species. 
The plumage of the body and neck is rich, lustrous, bronzy green, 
each feather delicately laced with an edging of velvety black. The 
birds in this group were prepared by Staff Taxidermist Moyer; the 
accessories and installation are by Mr. Frank H. Letl, Preparator 
of Accessories, and the background is by Staff Artist Rueckert. 

The principal additions to Albert W. Harris Hall (Hall 18) 
consist of an alcove case of enlarged models of tadpoles designed to 
demonstrate what a tadpole is, and make clear the extraordinary 
fact that evolution of the tadpole stage proceeds independently of 
evolution of the adult frogs. Frogs that are apparently very much 
alike in general appearance may have tadpoles of extremely different 
types. The models display tadpoles that are adjusted to life in 
mountain streams, with suction devices for holding to the rocks; 
surface film feeders with extraordinary flower-like mouths, and 
bottom feeders of various types. These models are the work of 
Mr. Letl and Mr. Joe Krstolich, Artist-Preparator, and represent 
a most important adaptation of modern plastics to the preparation 
of museum models. The group representing the American crocodile 
at Lake Ticamaya, Honduras, was moved to its permanent place 
in Hall 18, with a new background by Mr. Rueckert. Reinstallation, 
which required remaking of the foreground and a rearrangement 
of the specimens, occupied Mr. Walters and Mr. Rueckert for some 
time in the early part of the year. 

The entire exhibition series of fishes, removed from Hall 18, 
was reinstalled in a room now designated as the Hall of Fishes 
(Hall 0) on the ground floor. The old alcove arrangement for the 



398 FiKU) Mi-sKiM OF N'ATtUAi. HiSToin i:Kit)RTs. Vol. 12 

exhibition of specimens in the "systematic series" has been replaced 
by built-in wall cases. It is now |)ossible for the visitor to Ret a 
connectofl picture of the variation of fishes from the most primitiv«- 
species, such as the lampreys and their relatives, to the more ad- 
vance<i forms, such as thr • a biisses, scorpion fishes, frlc'ir fi Ji... 
swell fishes, and angler ; Old, fade<l, and othcrwi 

specimens have Invn rcp!aco<i by newly |)ropare<l material, with 
conse<|uent jrreat improvement in the appearance of the series as 
a whole. The esi>ecially interesting case of .sharks, rays, antl 
chimaeras is supplemente<l by a mounted whale-shark stjme twenty- 
five feet lonp. represontin^' a young specimen of this 
at Acapulco. Moxiro. by Messrs. S|H'ncer \V, Stewan anu k-jimjii j. 
Sykes, of New York, and presrntofj by them to the Mu.seum. The 
specimen was mountt^l by Staff Taxidermist Frips.Ner. aided by 
A.s-sistant Taxidermist F^rank C. Wonder. 

Part of the .space in Hall O is occupied by habitat groups in which 
an attempt is made to reprmluce .some of the natural conditio:., 
under which fi.shes live, and show .some of the plants and animal.** 
with which they are associated in their daily occupations. 

At the west end of the hall is a large colorful group .showing 
conditions at the edge of a Hahaman coral reef when a school of 
tiger sharks comes dashing along in .search of food. The commotion 
pnxiucefl by the passage of the sharks drives nearly every .small 
fish to a .safe hiding place in the coral. This group results from 
studies and collections made by th«^ Wijliam.son Field Mu.seum 
Undersea Kxpetiition of 1929. 

Other groups .show conditions ofT the .sandy .shores of .southern 
Texas and along the rocky coast of Maine. The Texas group .shows 
how oysters build up l.u-ge rock-like "lumps" on .sandy coasts where 
there is vcr>' little opportunity for young .shells to attach them.selves 
to rock or other .solid substratum. 

The Maine group shows rocks below the surface covered by a 
luxuriant growth of brilliantly colored plants and animals, ver>* 
different from the barren conditions above the protecting influence 
of the water. The Maine and Texas coast groups result from Mu- 
seum expeditions by Mr. Alfred C. Weed. Curator of Fi.shes. and 
Mr. L. L. Pray. Staff Taxidermist, in 1924 and 1937. 

Specimens are in preparation for a .similar group to .show con- 
ditions as they exist along the lava cliffs of the Galapagos I.sland,s. 
Brilliantly colored fishes, crabs, and other animals will be .shown 
in their natural environment. 



N. W. Harris Public School Extension 399 

The habitat groups of fishes and the models in the systematic 
series are largely the work of Staff Taxidermist Pray ; the accessories 
are by the Division of Group Accessories under the direction of 
Mr. Letl. 

Some rearrangement of exhibition cases of skeletons in Hall 19 
was necessitated by plans for the development of an alcove installa- 
tion consisting of four cases to form a general exhibit illustrating 
animal reproduction. Two of these cases had been installed at the 
end of the year, and it is planned to complete and open this exhibit 
early in 1942. The exhibit results from a gift to the Museum made 
by the late Charles H. Schweppe, of Chicago. 

Plans for exhibition cases of insects, to fill the space in Hall 18 
vacated by the removal of the fishes to their special hall on the 
ground floor, are well advanced. Two cases, illustrating North 
American and exotic butterflies and moths, will be finished early 
in 1942. 

An important improvement in several halls of the Department 
of Zoology consists in adapting the cases of Hall 18 (Reptiles), 
Hall 19 (Anatomy), and Hall 13 (Hoofed Mammals) to individual 
case lighting, with fluorescent lights. The reduced reflections, better 
lighting of individual specimens, and improved general appearance 
of the halls are highly gratifying. 

N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 

Continued growth in all of its established functions was shown 
by the Harris Extension in 1941. The number of schools receiving 
portable Museum cases increased by ten to reach a new high total 
of 495. Although approximately half a million children are enrolled 
in the schools served, it is not possible to make a valid estimate 
as to the proportion of them actually reached through this phase 
of the school extension services of Field Museum. The methods 
of using the exhibits vary from school to school, and the collect- 
ing of statistical information is thus made impracticable. In some 
schools the cases are taken to every classroom; in others, a more 
restricted circulation is the rule. In social settlements, boys' clubs, 
and similar organizations receiving Harris Extension cases, it would 
be even more difficult to determine the percentage of children in 
attendance who pause to examine the exhibits. However, many 
complimentary letters of appreciation, received from teachers and 
principals, are testimony to the value of the portable exhibits as 
aids in the teaching of science in the schools. 



400 FiKiJ) MisKUM OF Natirai, Histdry Kki»()Rts. Vol. 12 

Resources in material for the preparation of exhibits, or for lend- 
injj separately, were increased by ffifLs, tr:i from the sr • 

departments of the Museum, and some cimix iin^ by meml • 
the stall of the Hiuris Kxtrnsi()n. Mrs. Charles H. (*or>', of Chu a^:'*. 
gave 142 insects in individual Drnton mounts, and 157 mounit-^l 
pressetl plants. Articles i>ertaininK to northern South America, 
and some Kskimo artifacts, were received from the Department 
of Anthropolojjy; soy beans and soy bean pr<Kiucts were received 
from the Department of Botany; numerous rock and mineral 
specimens were received from the Department of Geology, and 
twenty-eiRht models of fishes were received from the Department of 
Zoolojf)-. Twonty-nine bird skins, fifteen small mammal skins, and 
numerous insecLs were prepared and added to reserve collections 
by the staff. 

Thirty-three new exhibits were prepared, and eight old exhibits 
were completely reinstalled. Two cases on the subject of coloration 
in birds were made. One illustrates the seasonal changes in appear- 
ance of some common birds, and the other directs attention to thf 
differences in plumage associated with .sex. Cases .showing the 
nesting habits of the robin and al.so the bluebird were made. 
Fifteen exhibits in the field of geology were completed. These in- 
clude five cases with mf>dels showing the .suppased structure of the 
earth's interior, five with diagrammatic models showing .some major 
features of volcani.sm. and five with simplified arrangemonts of 
igneous rocks and the principal rock-forming minerals. 

P^xhibits intended to aid in the teaching of those .subjects which 
are now broadly grouped by teachers under the general term "social 
studies" were augmented by the installation of ten cases of Kskimo 
material in duplicate .series of five cases. Each case of the .series 
deals with a different aspect of P'skimo life. Guatemalan children's 
clothing, carefully .selecte<^l and purchased in Guatemala through 
the courtesy of Mi.ss P^li/^-ibeth McM. Hambleton of the Raymond 
Foundation staff, was installed in four cases. Twenty-two cases 
are available in what may be calle^i an anthropological .series, now 
added to the botanical, geological, and zoological .series which have 
been long-establi.shed .subdivisions of subject matter in Ham.s 
Extension cases. 

Seventeen pairs of cases were delivered to each of the .schools 
and other Chicago in.stitutions receiving the Museum service for 
the entire year. In addition, sixty-four requests for .specific cases 
or materials were filled. This number is largo* than reported in 



N. W. Harris Public School Extension 401 

previous years, and analysis of the kinds of material requested has 
some significance. Of the sixty-four special loans, ten were for 
standard cases only. But of the ten loans, six, involving forty-four 
cases, were made to organizations which used the cases for display 
or to provide a general atmosphere of interest to children. Only 
four special loans, comprising nine cases, should be considered as 
having been used directly for teaching purposes. 

By contrast, fifty-four loans of study collections of objects which 
could be handled by children, were made to schools through teachers 
or pupils who called in person at the Museum to secure the material. 
In these instances, the borrowers were given individual attention 
and help in the selection of illustrative material for particular units 
of study. Bird study-skins were most in demand, pressed plant 
specimens next, while insects, and rocks and minerals ranked third, 
equal numbers of loans being made in each of the last two classifi- 
cations. The actual figures are in the ratio of 2 to 1.4 to 1. 

Since units of study in science tend to be seasonal, it is not ex- 
pected that lending study collections will more than partially solve 
the problem of providing teachers with visual aids in the form of 
Museum materials at times when they will be most useful. If all 
of the schools simultaneously were to require from the Harris 
Extension such visual aids (which are now available only to a limited 
extent), the demand could not be met with present resources or with 
any reasonably planned increase possible in the future. 

The two Museum trucks traveled a total of 11,996 miles without 
mishap or delay in the circulation of exhibits. An interesting 
observation which may be made with respect to truck mileage is 
that the growth in the number of schools reached over a period of 
fifteen years has not appreciably increased the amount of driving 
necessary to serve them. In 1926, when 371 schools were receiving 
cases — 124 less than now — the reported annual mileage was 11,734 
for a period of service seven school days less than in 1941. The 
explanation for this apparent anomaly is fairly obvious. Once 
truck routes embracing the whole city have been established, 
punctuating those routes with additional stops does not add to the 
distance traveled. 

All necessary work to keep the trucks in good mechanical con- 
dition and preserve their appearance was done as the need arose, 
particularly during the non-operating period of the summer vacation 
of the schools. 



402 KiKi.1) Ml si:i:m of Natural Histhky Kkpokts. Vol. 12 

The amount of damajfc to caaen dinvily clue to accident, or care- 
less handling in any particular school, was not fjreat and manifests 
no discernihle trend. Less jjhu'xs and fe\v<T shding \:i\h?\ frames were 
broken, but there was more injury lo case wcMnlwork. The total 
numlxT of cases damaj;e<l in schfH)ls was fifly-eiRht. or nearly six 
l>er cent of the numl>er of cases in circulation. During the year, 
however, mechanical repairs were made on 399 cases, or nearly one- 
third of the entire inventory of Hiuris Kxtension cases. 

Xew bottoms were fitted to sixty-six cases, hanger strips were 
adde<l to seventy-three cases, and auxiliar>- label guides to 108 
cases. Kntire new back a.ssemblies were made for eleven cases. 
.•\mong other kinds of repairs made, the biggest item was .sliding 
label frames, of which 268 neofle^l attention. Much of the repair 
work rwjuired was not the result of one season of circulation, but 
must bo altribute<l to accumulate*! wear over a period of years. 
Twenty-one exhibits, which had not been in active u.se for .se\-eral 
years, were retired, and reconditioning of the cases was begun. 

.\ circular .saw and a drill press were added to the ecjuipment of 
the Department to facilitate the i>erformance of many mechanical 
operations which were formerly done by hand. 

During the first six months of the year. Work Projects Adminis- 
tration employees provided clerical assistance in the organization 
and indexing of reser\e collections, as well as manual assi.stance in 
reconditioning old portable ca^^es for further u.se. and in the produc- 
tion of numerous parts for various mmlels .sche^luled for completion 
in the future. A \VI\\ artist painted backgrounds for the reinstalla- 
tion of six cases of the habitat type. 

THE JAMKS XKUSON AND ANNA LOITSK RAYMOND 

FOUNDATION FOR ri'HLIC SCHOOL 

AND CHILDREN'S LECTURES 

The Ra>-mond Foundation in 19.11 conducted its customary 
activities, which evoked a notable respon.se from .M'hool authorities 
teachers, and children. The various t>-pes of programs which hav» 
provefl successful in past years as entertainment and as supple- 
mentary e<iucation were continued both in the .schools and at the 
Mu.seum. These included the regular .spring, .summer, and autumn 
series of free motion picture programs for children, presented in 
the James Simpson Theatre, and also two .special patriotic program.'^ 
guide-lecture tours in the exhibition halls; seven series of special 



Raymond Foundation 403 

science programs; six radio follow-up programs, and extension lec- 
tures given in the classrooms and auditoriums of schools. 

The Foundation staff has again made a special effort to take 
care of the greatest possible number of the requests received for 
lectures and tours in the Museum. These reach their peak during 
the months of April, May, June, October, and November because 
the weather in those months encourages many groups to travel even 
hundreds of miles to visit Field Museum and other cultural institu- 
tions. During the period from early December to the end of March, 
when the Museum is less accessible to many groups, the staff lays 
greater stress upon the extension service in which lecturers go out 
to the schools. Beginning in September, 1941, each Chicago school, 
public and private, was offered one lecture. After all requests 
covering the school year 1941-42 are filled, second lecture requests 
will be granted if time permits. 

ENTERTAINMENTS FOR CHILDREN — RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

Three series of motion picture entertainments and two special 
patriotic programs were arranged for the young people of the com- 
munity. The programs were as follows: 

Spring Course 

March 1 — "Cloudy and Colder — Probably Snow" (The story of weather). 
Cartoon — "Fun on Ice." 

March 8 — "Four Feet and Fur" (Animals tamed and untamed). 
Cartoon — "Busy Beavers." 

March 15 — "Nature on the Wing" (Birds and bugs). 

Cartoon— "A Little Bird Told Me." 
March 22 — "The Song of China" (A picture produced in China with Chinese cast). 
March 29 — "Animal Life of the Swamps" (Insects, birds, and mammals). 

Cartoon— "Night." 
April 5— "The Forest" (A picture in celebration of Arbor Day). 

Cartoon — "Springtime Serenade." 

April 12 — "Balancing Nature's Budget" (A story of conservation). 

April 19— "Sudan" (Life in the heart of Africa). 

April 26— "A Day at Brookfield Zoo." 

Cartoon — "Along Came a Duck." 

Summer Course 
July 10 — "The Adventures of Chico" (Story of a Mexican Boy). 
July 17— "Exploring and Collecting in Forest, Field and Stream" (Narration by 

William Hassler, with colored motion pictures). 
July 24— "Summer Time in the North Woods" (Animals and birds). 

Also a cartoon. 
July 31— "To the South Seas with Zane Grey." 

Also a cartoon. 
August 7— "A Western Vacation in the Ranch Country" (Yosemite National 

Park and the Grand Canyon— Courtesy of Santa Fe Railroad). 

Also a cartoon. 
August 14 — "Tundra" (An Arctic adventure). 



.T 



V 



404 FiKi.n MtsKLM OF Natlral History Kkports. Vol. 12 

AtTtMS rolTUtE 

Octo»..T 4 "Indian I^ir ' ' - ' ' • rf" (Narration by Chari« Eaglt 

rium#: . fing and co^dumwi). 

October 11 "Th< ,i the I'iairu lA Hory of ihr reffion wwt oC U»» 

N:.. ;.pi'. 

A1h41 a rart'H't.. 

Octobrr IN in thr Y n i Minl.<<, animal)i, and people i. 

Or»'>hor25 ..:..: rira" i. « anai daily in nur rnuntry ruhher, 

coffee, rh«K-i»latr, etc.i. 
N..v.mlK<r 1 •"' N'riKhbor." 

November 8- "Life in Our Southwestern I)««wrt." 

A' ". ---  
Nn\-emhcr 15 "Wil irration by Sam Campbell courtesy o( tht 

Chiragd ami North Western Railway Company). 

.N • • • r 2'2 "Canada. Our Northern Neighbor." 

Alio a cartoon. 
November 29 "Thr Kivor Nile. J , Life Line" (From the time o( Ite 

miimmie5 to thi , : ;.t). 

The followiri); two .special patriotic projrrams were offered in 
addition to the aforementioned .series of entertainmenU: 

Krbniary 12 Abraham ' Program. 

Februarj- 22 C.e<>rgf W,: ^ n Prf)gram. 

In all. twonty-.six motion picture projjram.s were jfiven in the 
James Simp.son Theatre. Of these, twenty were repeated at a second 
showinR. which brin^.s the total of projfram.s piven to forty-«UL 
Combined attendance at these numbered 28,708 children. Of this 
number. 9.425 attended the .spring course. 5.239 the .summer course, 
11.151 the autumn .series, and 2.98.3 the .special patriotic programA. 

The programs were given publicity in the Chicago Daily Newt, 
Chicago Tribune, Chicago Herald- American, Chicago Daily Timet, 
and Ihnrntoirn Shopping \eus. as well as in many neighborhood and 
.suburban papers. 

FIKLD MISKIM STORIF^S RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

Two new .series of FirU Museum Stories for Children, written by 
members of the Raymond Foundation .staff, were publi.shed. Line 
drawings and photographs were u.sed to illustrate the .stories. Sub- 
jects of the .stories and the pictures correlated with films .shown on 
the programs, or were chosen ff>r their .seasonal interest. Following 
are the titles of the stories in each .series: 

S«ri« XXXV' -• i.^.. ../..... L-.-.. -T-.-,.<i V- p.-'i I- H.V'-'-: Wood- 
pecker* . ! ;r<lwood 
Trees; A I u> *■:<. ;;.»^ 1 ^. r.-imitiv. .*^!.ak»•!.: li..a.'. ar.d l'>thoo». 

Series XXXVII- Wigwam.^ . .'. ..^nd T-,! -.• ,; The ArT..-,:4- Tliir.n or 

Buffalo; Arctic Giants — Polar Bearn; I. from 

N' ""' '' - 'kI Lixard: The White-ta;,ta ueer; C<id-nanir.£ od ' 





H 
W 



O 



c 



o 


a 


T 




2; 


3 


< 


00 


— ' 


■c 


>, 


^^ 


z 


c 


ja 


^- 


z 




c 

3 
o 


"5 


M 




SsO 


"5 




£ 






o 






Q 
O 




2 




O 


CIS 

ij 




^ 


o 




t 


z 


a) 
C 


hi 

c 


9J 

< 




C/2 


a; 




^ 




hJ 
















>> 
>> 




< 




E 




t< 








c 




•O 








IHE LlBHArtt 

OF THt 



Raymond Foundation 405 

A total of 25,000 copies of Museum Stories was distributed to 
the children who attended the Saturday morning programs. 

LECTURE TOURS FOR CHILDREN — RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

The use of exhibition halls for classroom work was extended to 
the following groups by means of conducted tours: 

Number of 

groups Attendance 

Tours for children of Chicago schools: 

Chicago public schools 325 13,658 

Chicago parochial schools 27 1,108 

Chicago private schools 11 245 

Tours for children of suburban schools: 

Suburban public schools 397 13,310 

Suburban parochial schools 20 323 

Suburban private schools 8 131 

Tours for special groups of children: 

Children's clubs 16 352 

Special science programs 132 5,815 

Miscellaneous 64 4,864 

Guide lecture service was thus given to 1,000 children's groups, 
and the aggregate attendance was 39,806. 

Several of the schools and groups receiving this service were 
also given illustrated talks and discussions in the lecture hall in 

! advance of the tours in the exhibition halls. The background for 
a better understanding of the exhibits was provided by these talks 

' and the accompanying pictures. There were 56 such lectures given, 

1 with an attendance of 6,157. 

As in past years, many groups came from outside Chicago and 
Illinois. Especially during the months of April, May, June, Sep- 
tember, October, and November these groups from out of the Chicago 
metropolitan area make use of the Museum. Tours were given for 
377 such groups, comprising 11,164 persons. One group of eighth 
grade pupils from Detroit was of unusual interest, A greater part 
of their year's course of study had been based upon materials and 
facilities provided in this and certain other institutions. They 
spent several days in Chicago. During the months prior to coming 
here, preparation had been made by adjusting the course of study 
to co-ordinate with this plan. Leaflets on certain Field Museum 
exhibits and post cards had been obtained in advance and used in 
classroom work. Participation in the trip was voluntary, and each 
pupil in the party had been required to earn at least one-half of 
his total expenses. The purpose of the trip was to present an 



L 



406 FiKi.n MrsKi M or N'atuiial History KKitntTs. Vol. 12 

intrtxluoUon to vannu.H nc^* phases of life, and to ofTiT the children 
opportunity to Ix^in tnin^ the solution of problems away from home. 

On December 2 and 1 the Museum wa-s host to parties of some 
900 boys and 7(H) jjirls from among the ' es to the National 

Conffress of l-H Clubs. An intnKiuotor>* !••< luit- was ffiven for theo) 
in the Theatre, after which they explore*! the Museum in accordance 
with their own interests, aided in finding the exhibits they sought 
by Museum stall guides and si)ecial mimeographe<i floor planA. 

SCIENCE PR(X;RAMS RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

Again Field Museum offered special science lectures, tours, and 
supplementary materials to the sch(X)ls because of the emphasis 
placed on science in the school curriculum. The programs offered 
are as follows: 

April and May: 

Coaacn'ation Thp cnnjiervation of natural wild life, with emphans on that 
of the Chicago region (for 6th grade). 

Hird Migration The <itor>- of migration of birdu told with pictures and 
MuMum exhibit!* (for 5th grade). 

Bird Study A general iiur\*py of the habitx of bird.<< with emphasis on Xhom 

of the Chiragi' - - .: jfrade). 

Wild Howen of th- ... ..^ ;.- ^lon- A surx-ey of the wild f1ow*r» of tb» 
forest prp-HervT^. diino-*, swamp!<, prairies and roadsides (for 4th and 6(h 
grades). 

October and * ' 

Living 1 : ...h and 6th grades^. 

America the Beautiful (for Tlh and .'^ih grades). 
Stories of Rocks (for 5th and 6th grades). 

Illustrated lectures in the Museum I>ecture Hall and Theatre. 
followed by directed study in the exhibition halls, were the chief 
features of these programs. The students were provided with sheets 
of questions and suggestions, and were a.<wigned to the task of finding 
the answers fn)m the exhibit.^. The Raymond Foundation staff 
assisted them in the work. 

Gratifying ^ was achieveii by these programs, and. in 

to demands for more than the twenty-two programs ongiiuuiy 
offered, it became necessar>- to give ten additional ones. Groups 
from 102 .schools came to the Mu.-^eum to participate in the programs. 
Includefl were eighty-five Chicago public, eleven Chicago parochial, 
and six suburban public schools. The total attendance at the thirty- 
two lectures was 5,327: of this number. 5.293 were divided into 120 
groups for supcr\ised study and work with the exhibits and question 
sheets. 



Raymond Foundation 407 

An additional unannounced lecture on museum organization was 
given by request to seven audiences aggregating 522 persons. These 
students were then divided into twelve groups for work in the 
exhibition halls. Thus there were, in all, thirty-nine science lectures, 
attended by 5,849 persons, and 132 follow-up tours participated in 
by 5,815 persons. 

RADIO FOLLOW-UP PROGRAMS^RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

Co-operation was again extended by the staff of the Raymond 
Foundation to the Chicago Public School Broadcasting Council. 
Two series of programs were presented as follow-ups to radio broad- 
casts given by the Council. Museum exhibits which correlated 
with the subjects of the broadcasts were featured in these programs. 
Stereopticon slides were shown, and objects were made available for 
the students to handle, at meetings held in the Lecture Hall. Mimeo- 
graphed information sheets were distributed, and questions were 
answered in the course of informal discussion. The meetings were 
followed by tours in the exhibition halls. The subjects were as 

follows: 

Chicago Birds; Hunters and Fishers of the Northlands; Swallow-tail butterflies; 
Forest Products; Farmers, Shepherds and Acorn Eaters; How Forests Are 
Formed. 

Total attendance was 529. 

EXTENSION LECTURES — RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

Extension lectures, illustrated with slides, were given in class- 
rooms, laboratories and assemblies of Chicago public and private 
schools. When time permitted, open discussions followed in which 
teachers and students were invited to participate with questions 
and ideas. The following subjects were offered to high school groups : 

Botany: Plant Life of the Chicago Region; Plant Formations of Different Kinds 
of Places; Plants as Barometers of Environmental Conditions; One Plant 
Society Follows Another in a Region (causes and order of plant successions) ; 
Plants as Conservationists; Plants Are of Economic Value to Man; The 
Origin, Development and Structure of Plants. 

Zoology: Animals — From Amoeba to Man; Environment Affects Animal Life; 
Distribution and Adaptative Radiation of Animal Life; Animals of Economic 
Importance; Animal Life of the Chicago Region; The Birds of the Chicago 
Region; Insects Affect the Welfare of Man; Wildlife Conservation. 

Geology: A Rock May Be a Treasure Chest; Minerals of Economic Value; The 
Changing Earth; The Story of Soil; The Geography of the Chicago Region; 
The Relief Features of the Earth; The Fossil Story of Prehistoric Life. 

Anthropology: The Story of Prehistoric Man; Ancient Civilizations of the Old 
World; Ancient Civilizations of the New World; Contemporary Primitive 
Peoples; North American Indians. 

Miscellaneous: The Work of Field Museum; The Conservation of Natural 
Resources. 



tlt^ FlKI.t) MlSKIM OK N'aTTRAL HI8H)KY KKI»()|{TS. Vol.. 12 

The followiriK subject.s were o(Torv<l to elementary schcx)! )(roupt« 

Canbb<>an I. i; The : 

}' '■■ ••■■• - :.-..^ •■ 

■la •nd 
1 ■• WowC 

to thi 

Ki'uii'M. 

A ::: II.-- w -:. I : 

ii . .-.•r; A R-'.-k \! t 

Ago. l"h«' A 

Hi- Ukf 10' ..... ... 

Land of the Frathervd S«»rpf'tr 

The exlen.Hion lectures jiiven by the staff of the Kaymon-: 
Foundation totals! 111. and the agffregate attendance was 154, 'J 
Thi.s senice wa** given as follows: 



Cb:-*-- 


'..•,,... 


.-f-,rv 


..•>,, W.U 


C 
C 






■.' 



NumbvT of 




Icvtumi 


AKMWUIM* 


3H2 


132^01 


46 


21,860 


•> 


1S5 


11 


346 



TKLKVISION riUKiRAM RAYMOND FOl NUATION 

Field Mu.seum again participated in an exi>erimental televi>i.»n 
prognim. By invitation of the manager of Station \V9XHK. the 
Raymond Foundation stafT was enabled to place Field Museum 
lx)th aurally and vi.sually "on the air." The program featured Mr. 
Bryan Patterson. A.ssistant Curator of Paleontology, who assistt^^ 
the Foundation in presenting the story of prehistoric animals. 

ACCESSIONS RAYMOND FOUNDATION 

For u.se in the Theatre. I/ecture Hall, and in exten.sion lectures 
the Raymond Foundation ac<juire<l 18 .slides by purchase from the 
•American Mu.seum of Natural Histor>'; 9 .slides by purchase from 
the National (ieographic S<x*iety; and 391 .slides made by the 
Division of Photography. Of these standard .size .slides. 26() were 
colored by the Museum Illustrator. The collection of 2 x 2 inch .slides 
is also being built up, 324 .slides of color photographs having be«i 
purchase^!. Gifts received include 16 color photographs from Mr 
Robert Yule, of the Department of Anthropology, and 47 from Mr 
John W. Moyer, StafT Taxidermist, 

LECTURE TOURS AND MEETINGS FOR ADULTS RAYMOND FOUNDATIC 

Guide-lecture sers'ice was made available, without charge, tc 
special parties from colleges, clubs, and other organizations, in 
addition to the regular .ser\ice provided for the general public. 










.a 

3 



H 
w 



< 
^ Z 



<: 
z 

w 

ij 
pa 
<: 

c 






IHt ^ 

Of IHk 

fliii^Miif m warn 



Raymond Foundation 409 

The regular public tours were continued on week days (except 
Saturdays) at 2 P.M. as in past years; and during July and August 
additional tours were given at 11 a.m. The monthly schedules of 
these tours are printed and distributed at the entrances of the 
Museum. The tours given for the public numbered 280, and the 
total attendance was 4,299 persons. Special tours were given for 
fifty-four college groups composed of 1,643 persons; and for forty-six 
other organizations with attendance of 1,593, making a total of 380 
tours for adults with an aggregate attendance of 7,535. 

The Raymond Foundation assisted in program details for the 
commencement exercises held on June 19 for 1,163 foreign-born 
adults who had completed special courses in the public schools of 
Chicago. The James Simpson Theatre was made available to the 
Board of Education for this purpose. 

summary of attendance at entertainments, lectures, etc. — 

RAYMOND foundation 

Including both intra-mural and extra-mural activities of all the 
types conducted by the Raymond Foundation, a total of 1,969 
groups, composed of 244,399 persons, was reached with education 
and entertainment in one form or another. 

LECTURES FOR ADULTS 

The Museum's seventy-fifth and seventy-sixth courses of free 
lectures for adults were presented in the James Simpson Theatre 
on Saturday afternoons during the spring and autumn months. As 
in past years they were illustrated with motion pictures and stere- 
opticon slides. Following are the programs of both series: 

Seventy-fifth Free Lecture Course 

March 1 — Headhunters Still Live. 

Douglas Oliver. 
March 8 — Blue-green Water. 

Wesley Mueller. 
March 15 — Malay-Utan. 

Joseph Tilton. 
March 22 — The Leopard of the Air. 

Captain C. W. R. Knight. 
March 29 — Northwest Passage Patrol. 

Richard Finnie. 
April 5 — Birds and Animals of the Rockies. 

Edgar Hoff. 
April 12 — Ancient America's Most Civilized People. 

J. Eric Thompson. 
April 19 — Life in a Tropical Rain- Forest. 

Dr. Ralph Buchsbaum. 
April 26 — An Alaskan Adventure. 

Bradford Washburn. 



410 FiKLO MisKiM OF Natiral History Kkih>rts, Vol. 12 

SRVKNT^-SIVTM PREB I^BTTtmS COUHSB 

OctobiT 4 Th. V ^ ti Ka.it IndiM. 

I' 
October 11— Ammran i vith Wild Lifp. 

Dr. Guit-i. . .. ...in. 

October 18 Along Ala-nka TmiN. 

A. Miloitr. 

Octobrr 25 Mir * ' ' " "■ ur.i'* m tin- I<i- Kiwi. 
< 

Novonib*r 1 Fmrn .'^ *»l«rier. 

Karl • 

Nnvrmh<»r 8 Now V.  .i 

Vincfut r«imiT. 

.Novfnii>or 15 Honikpy.x. 

Jam«»* B- Pond. 
Nowmb«T 22 Pan An '.way. 

Jamt , .. — 
November 29 ThrouRh tho Ilainhow. 

Stuart D. Noble. 

The total attendance at these ei;?hteen lectures wa.s 17,224. of 
whom 8.685 attendetl the spring .series and 8.539 the fall .serie 
Includcil in these audiences were 2.140 Members of the Museum 
who. by their nienibiTships. are entitled to reser\-ed .seats for them- 
selves and a companion. 

LAVM.W LKC'TrREvS 

The novel Sunday aftem(Hin lectures presented in the Muaeum 
.since 1937 by Mr. Paul f'.. Dallwip. The I>ayman I^ecturer, were 
continue*! in 1911. and attractetl greater attendance than in any 
previous year. Mr. Dallwig jfave thirty rejjular lectures for the 
peneral public, and one for a .special Rroup (members of the .\mencan 
(Jem Society who came shortly after the reopening of H. N. Hijrin- 
botham Hall of (Jems and .Jewels). At these thirty-one lecture* 
the agKT"ej;ate attendance was 3.26-1, an increa.se of more than 400 
over the numl)er composing the audiences of the preceding year. 
The .size of the urtuips on these lectures has to be ripridly limited 
becau.se of practical con.niderations in conductinjz the parties throujjh 
the exhibition halls which Mr. Dallwip u.ses to illustrate his lecture*. 
Therefore, as in the past, the Museum has had to require per.son« 
wishing to participate to make reservations in advance. T.sually 
such reservations were neces.<u->- .several weeks in advance, and 
even s*) it was found imperative to modify the limitations on the 
170 of the parties, .so that the average group each Sunday numbered 
Ic ) hearers. The phy.'^ical limitations imposed by the condition* 
attendant on presentation of this tM^e of lecture made it impossiible 
at first to meet more than about one-half of the demands for 



Layman Lectures 411 

reservations, but by presenting parts of the lectures in the lecture 
hall, and by temporarily shifting exhibits in some halls to provide 
more space for listeners, about 75 per cent have been accommodated. 

Mr. Dallwig's lectures have proved to have a special appeal to 
audiences composed for the most part of very discriminating types 
of people. The records show that those who have attended are 
predominantly drawn from such classes as business executives, 
educators, students, journalists and other writers, physicians, lawyers, 
men and women engaged in a variety of professions, and others with 
a natural leaning toward interest in cultural subjects. 

The unique feature of Mr. Dallwig's lectures, which distinguishes 
them from most similar presentations, is the manner in which he 
dramatizes his subjects while at the same time interpreting science 
with complete accuracy based upon thorough research. Mr. Dallwig 
engages in this activity purely as a hobby and as a contribution to 
the promotion of scientific knowledge. He receives no compensation 
either from the Museum or from his audiences. The popularity he 
has attained, increasing each year, is notable, and in addition to 
serving the public his activity has proved to be a large factor in 
publicizing the Museum as an institution, and drawing attention to 
its activities in general. Since Mr. Dallwig's first lectures at the 
Museum in October, 1937, he has spoken before audiences totaling 
12,265 persons. 

During the seven months of 1941 in which Mr. Dallwig made 
his lecture appearances at the Museum, his subjects were as follows: 

January (four Sundays) — Digging Up the Cave Man's Past. 

February (four Sundays) — Nature's "March of Time." 

March (five Sundays) — Gems, Jewels, and "Junk." 

April (four Sundays) — The Romance of Diamonds. 

May (four Sundays) — The Parade of the Races. 

November (five Sundays) — Gems, Jewels, and "Junk." 

December (four Sundays) — Mysterious "Night-Riders" of the Sky. 

SUMMARY OF ATTENDANCE AT LECTURES, ETC. 

Instruction, entertainment, or similar services were made avail- 
able by the Museum during 1941 to a total of 2,018 groups compris- 
ing an aggregate attendance of 264,887 individuals. Included in 
these figures are all those reached through the varied activities of 
the James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation (1,969 
groups, 244,399 individuals); the 17,224 persons who attended the 
eighteen Saturday afternoon lectures for adults in the James Simpson 
Theatre, and the 3,264 persons who participated in the thirty-one 
Sunday groups before whom the Layman Lecturer appeared. 



412 1'iKi.D MrsKUM OF Natirai, Histokv Rkports, Vol. 12 

\An\i\K\ 

The I.ihr.iry's new readinj? room, more conveniently locatetl iha 
the old one. with improved light inj;. more efhcienl aminjfement, an 
other facilities adding to its usefulness and to the comfort of readers, 
was romplete<l in lO-U. Plans f<ir this improvement have been under 
consideratif)n for several years, and actual construction wa« befcun 
in the latter part of 1^10. 

The change was accomplished by reconstructing and refumishinjf 
the former stack room as a reading rrmm. and moving the hook 
stacks into the former reading nxim. During the months this work 
was in progress, there was no interruption to the Library's senict 
to scientists and to the public in general- a fact in which consider* 
able pride is taken, as its accomplishment presented many difficulties 
due to the magnitude of the operation. 

The new rea«ling room is easily reached by visitors arriving 
at the third floor us the entrance is close to the passenger elevator 
landing. KfTective and agreeable lighting for readers has beeD 
provi(l«xl by installation of an entirely new system of fluorescent 
illumination from coves around a new lowere*! ceiling. This type 
of lighting is a distinct innovation which, it is believed, will be found 
of interest by other libraries. The new drop ceiling improves the 
general appearance of the room, as well as providing needed insula- 
tion. N'ew senice counters, new office .space for the librarian 
and a new rubber tile floor covering in a color harmonizing with th»- 
furnishings, all help to make the new reading room attractive and 
quiet, and add to the efficiency of the ser\'ice provided by the { 
Librar>- |>crsonnel. 

Revision of the arrangement of the Library's rooms provido") 
op|K)rtunity also to replace the wooden book stacks with mo<if"rn 
steel ones. Those in the reading room were grained and stained 
to resemble mahogany. Murh-needed additions also were made to 
the shelving .space. The finding of books and pamphlets in the stack 
room has been facilitate<l by installation of fluorescent lights. The 
new map cases have been placed in a con.spicuous position in the 
stack room and thus made more accessible for use. 

F'or those unacquainted with its facilities, it may be well to call 
attention to the fact that the Library- of Field Mu.seum. which now 
contains approximately 124,000 books and pamphlets on anthro- 
pology, botany, geology, zoology-, and relate<^i subjects, offers the 
largest reference collection in its special fields in Chicago. It is 
particularly rich in anthropological and ornithological works, with 



Library 413 

collections that rank among the foremost in the world. Invaluable 
for research are the extensive series on its shelves of the proceedings, 
transactions and publications of learned societies, academies, and 
universities all over the world. 

Strictly a reference library, the reading room is maintained to 
make the Library's resources available for the use of scientists, 
students, teachers, and others engaged in research work. These 
facilities are extended, on application, to laymen with problems 
requiring reference to the works in a scientific library. Amateur 
naturalists, and persons with hobbies involving the natural sciences, 
will find much of value in the Museum Library. The Library is 
open week days from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., except Saturdays, when it 
closes at noon; it is closed all day on Sundays and holidays. 

Another great improvement in the Library, long needed and 
much desired, has been the opportunity to bind an accumulation 
of periodicals that had been gathering for many years. This had 
become imperative for the proper preservation of the files. Begun 
in April, this activity has required much time throughout the rest 
of the year. The number of volumes bound is 6,413. 

During the early part of the year the Library had the help of 
several WPA workers who were of real assistance in much of the 
detail work. Due partly to their help, 17,070 cards were written 
and filed in the catalogues during the year. 

As in previous years, efforts were made to complete some partial 
files of periodicals. One of the latest acquisitions is the long-desired 
first thirty-two volumes of Petermann's Mitteilungen and Numbers 
1-84 of the Erganzungsheft. These are beautifully bound, and con- 
tain important maps, mounted on linen. Volumes 19-26 of the 
Journal of Egyptian Archaeologij were secured, thus completing the 
early part of the file. The file of the journal Iraq has also been 
completed to date. The set of the Scientific Survey of Porto Rico 
and the Virgin Islands, formerly incomplete, now includes all parts 
thus far issued. The Biological Bulletin file has also been completed. 
Subscriptions were entered for a few new periodicals, among them 
the new Malayan Nature Magazine. 

President Field, Director Gregg, and some of the members of 
the staff have generously presented current periodicals to the 
Library. They have also given a number of significant books. 

Mr. Boardman Conover, a Trustee of the Museum, presented 
a much appreciated copy of Agassiz, Nomenclator Zoologicus, and 
five volumes of desirable works on the birds of Europe and Asia. 



114 FiKiJ) MrsKiM OK N'atiral History Rki»okts. Vol. 12 

Mr. K;ui i'. S<'hmidt. Chief Curntnr of the Deparunent of Z- ' 
presonte<l some old b<xiks. rlitVirull to jibtain, as well as a c«j'.» >■ 
yitlil liixik of ihr Snakes of the I'mltd States ami Canada, which h« 
wrote in collaboration with Mr. I). Dwijjhl Davis. Curator o: 
Anatomy and Osteolojfv. 

Mr. Hcnr>' \V. Nichols. Chief Curator of the Dfp.irtment o: 
Getjiojjy. presented .several volumes of Fortune. Mr. Kimer S. 
Rijjjzs. Curator of Paieontoiojiy. made additions to the collection 
of paleontological publications. 

Mr. William J. Ccrhard. Curator of Insects, presented many 
entomological pamphlets, Mr. Kmil Liljeblad, former A.ssistant 
Curator of Insects, had a fine collection of b<x)ks and .separates on 

Coleoptera from which, .-is an addition to the 17.') he prf- ' -1 in 

liMO. he j^ave l.'iO more in HMl a valuable and much aj , . ''-d 
ac(juisition. Mr. Ru|htI L. Wenzel. A.s.sistant Curator of I 
al.so is the donor of many entomological pamphlets. 

Dr. Henr>- Field presented .several important foreign periodicals. 
The publication of the Paleontographical Society of London, an 
unusual peri(xlical. has been especially welcome, as are al.so publica- 
tions on comparative morphology and ancient man. P^rom the late 
Mr. Carl F. (ironemann. formerly Staff Illustrator, the Library 
received Kurrs I>as Mineralreich im liiUlerv. 

Mrs. Stanley P'ield gave a .set of the Saluraiiat's Miscellauy, a 
much appreciated gift. Mrs. Malcolm P'arley. of Chicago, added 
valuable numbers to the Chinese material in the Librar>". Mr. 
Peter (ierhard. of Winnetka. Illinois, presented approximately 100 
maps of various parts of the world. Mr. Stanley Charles Xott, of 
Palm Beach. Florida, presented .several more of his publications on 
Chinese jade. Mrs. Robert Sonnen.schein. of Chicago, is the donor 
of .seven volumes on Kgyptian mythology and archaeologv-. Mr. 
Walter N'ecker gave the Librar>' .some numbers of the Bulletin of the 
Boston Society of Natural Histon,- which hitherto had been im- 
possible to obtain. Mi.ss Ruth Mar.shall. of Wisconsin Dells, gave 
twenty-eight publications on water mites. 

Dr. Gregori«) Bondar. of Bahia. Brazil, has most kindly .sent 
inter*'-' i'i^' publications on palms as well as helpful material on 
entoi , ral subjects. 

The volumes necessary- to complete F'ield Museum's set of 
f^uhlications of the Egyptian Department of the Metropolitan Museum 
of Art. New York, were received as a gift from that institution. 
These are invaluable in the field of Eg>-ptian archaeology-. The 



Library 415 

Carnegie Institution of Washington has continued the gift of the 
noteworthy pubhcations it issues. The Conoco Travel Bureau, 
Chicago, presented an up-to-date set of its road maps, which have 
been found very useful. 

The Library has been fortunate in making some purchases of 
important books, among which the following are outstanding: 
Boerschmann, Chinesische Architektur; Creswell, Muslim Architec- 
ture; Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences (8 vols.); Herzfeld, Iran 
in the Ancient East; Pope, Survey of Persian Art (6 vols.); Index 
Londinensis (Supplement 1921-35); Migula, Kryptogamenflora von 
Deutschland; Grabau and Shimer, North American Index Fossils: 
Invertebrates; Biological Symposia (5 vols.); Chenu, Bihliotheque 
Conchy liologique (ser. 1, 4 vols.); Fabricius, Systema Eleutheratorum, 
Systema Piezatorum, Systema Antliatorum, and Systema Glossatorum; 
Holbrook, North American Herpetology (edition 1, 5 vols.); Marseul, 
Monographic sur la Famille des Histerides (and supplement); and 
Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, Nouvelles Archives (ser. 1, 
vols. 1-10). 

The number of exchanges has not been increased as much as 
in other years because so many foreign countries have been entirely 
cut off by the war. Many of the institutions with which exchanges 
of publications have been made for years, have not been heard from 
at all; from others only a few publications have reached this country. 
Several foreign publications have come with remarkable regularity, 
however, and some important purchases also have arrived safely. 

On this side of the water there have been some good additions 
to the list of institutions making exchanges, and their publications 
will be very helpful. Included are institutions in both North and 
South America. The Museum's gratitude is due to the scientists 
and scientific institutions who have sent their publications to the 
Library, both as exchanges and as gifts. 

Service of the Library has included granting requests for permis- 
sion to photograph illustrations and pages of the text of rare books. 
These requests have come from many distant as well as local corre- 
spondents. In many cases this was the only way in which access 
could be had to certain books, as other copies are not available in 
this country. 

The Library has been greatly assisted in its work by loans of 
books from various other libraries, and acknowledges this courtesy 
with deep appreciation. The Library of Congress has been, as 
always, especially helpful. Among others which have co-operated 



416 FiKLP Ml SK! M OK Nattral Histoky Kki*(>kts. Vol. 12 

notably are the John Crvnir Library. C'hicajfo; the Libraries of the 
Inivorsity of Chirajjo and the Orienlal lastitute: Har\;ird I'ni- 
versily. and it.s Libniries (Peab«Kly ^^ - i, and the >7 ti of 

Comparative Zoology); Columbia rniw,>My Librar>'; Hm . uited 
Statr> T>rpartmorit nf \>friculture. and the Missouri Itotanical 
Gar' 

Field Museum ha.s reciprocate<l by sending its books on loan to 
libraries all over the country. The number of books thui» sent out 
has been increasing from year to year. This .senice of libraries to 
each othw constitutes a movement constantly growing in impor- 
tance and value. The Librar>' of Congress is doing much to promote 
these relations by making infc^rmation about each library's resources 
available through its Cnion Catalogue. 

PUBLICATION'S AND PRINTING 

The distribution of publications by the Museum during 1941 
differed from the .sendings of other years in that .shipments for 
about two-thirds of the foreign exchanges were withheld due to 
the w.'u-. Of the publications i.s.sued during the year, 6,248 copies 
destined for existing foreign exchanges have been held for later 
shipment. Many have been prepared in addres.sed packets, and 
others have been wrapi)ofl with the oi>en stock that is available 
for future .sales and other distribution. 

The Mu.seum did .send 11,687 .'scientific publicaiu>n>. 1,744 
leaflets, and 8.30 miscellaneous publications and pamphlets on ex- 
change account to domestic and certain foreign institutions, and to 
individuals engagwl in .scientific work. 

The books for distribution abroad were sent to the Smithsonian 
Institution in Washington, I).C., which for^varded them through 
its international exchange bureau. Acknowledgment of receipt has 
come from libraries in many far distant parts of the world. Grateful 
acknowledgment is made to the Smith.'uinian In.stitution for it 
courtesy and helpfulness in effecting .such delivmes. 

The Museum al.so sent 3.7JM complimontar>- copies of the Annual 
Report of the Director for 1940 to its Members. 

Sales during the year totaled 2,625 publications, 6.819 !• ' ' 
and 13.011 mi.scellaneous pamphlets .such as Guides, Hann, 
and Memoirs. 

Twenty-two new exchange arrangements were established with 
institutions and .^scientists during the year, which undoubtedly will 
prove of mutual benefit. 



Publications and Printing 417 

Interest in the living races and in prehistoric man again was 
manifested by the numerous purchases of copies of The Races of 
Mankind and Prehistoric Man leaflets, of which more than 1,200 
were sold during the year. At the end of December a third edition 
of the latter was issued, and a fourth edition of The Races of Mankind 
is scheduled to appear early in the spring of 1942. Since the first 
printings of these two leaflets in the summer of 1933, more than 
18,900 copies have been sold. 

New editions of three other leaflets — Archaeology of South 
America, A Forest of the Coal Age, and Meteorites — were required 
in 1941. 

An important volume published for the Geology Memoirs Series, 
The Upper Ordovician Fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Land, by Dr. 
Sharat Kumar Roy, Curator of Geology, was given wide exchange 
distribution. It contains a narrative of the Rawson-MacMillan 
Expedition of Field Museum to Labrador and Baffin Land during 
the seasons of 1927 and 1928, with notes on the coastal geology of 
that region, and descriptions of the fossils collected. 

The total number of post cards sold during 1941 was 84,226, 
of which 9,206 were grouped into 500 sets. Reprints of sixty-five 
individual post card views totaled 85,000 copies, and there were 200 
packaged sets reissued of the thirty cards comprising a representative 
collection of views of the Malvina Hoffman bronzes of the races of 
mankind. 

Production of the Division of Printing during the year included 
twenty-five new numbers in the regular publication series of the 
Museum. These comprised 1,600 pages of type composition. In 
subject matter, there were one anthropological, foui' botanical, 
seven geological, and twelve zoological publications; also included 
was the Annual Report of the Director for 1940. These twenty-five 
publications were printed by Field Museum Press in editions totaling 
26,771 copies. Three reprints from Volume XIII of the Botanical 
Series, Flora of Peru, consisting of 58 pages (262 copies), and eleven 
reprints from Volume 27 of the Zoological Series, Papers on Mam- 
malogy, consisting of 370 pages (1,141 copies), also were printed. 
Three leaflets, one in the anthropological series and two geological 
ones, were reprinted; likewise, a third edition of one anthropological 
leaflet was printed. The number of pages in these four leaflets was 
256, and the copies totaled 6,655. A twenty-first edition and a 
reprint of the General Guide, each consisting of 56 pages and ten 
illustrations, were issued, the two printings totaling 11,377 copies; 



418 FiWJ) MisKiM OF N'ati'Uai. Histohy RKitutis. Vol.. 12 

also prinle*! were a tenth trillion of the Handhook of Field Muiieum, 
contnininj; 7S pajjes '• ropic»s>. and a (Jcolojjical Memoir, con- 

.sistinR of 212 pages *iMrj ».«)pics). The total number of pages printed 
in all books was 2,686, and the total of copies issued was 49,670. 

A large part of the time of the printers was consumed in miscel- 
laneous job work. Priming of the twelve i.'vsues of FuUi MuM^tm 
.\nrs (eight pages jht is-m- with an average of 5,200 copies a 
month, was one of the I n's major tasks. The number of 

exhibition lal)els printeti for all Departments excee<ie<i that of any 
previous year, totaling 6,.'ir)0. Other printing, including Mu.seum 
stationen.-, posters, lecture s<'he<lules, post cards, pin labels, etc., 
brought the total for the year to 905.357 impressions. 

A detaile<l list of publications follows: 

PunnrATioN Series 

tijcurw. Kdition 900. 

4ay. Z^>loj{ira: "1 21. No. 17 " 11. i t 

H«A». . 1941. H pat: . . Kdi- ;. 

490.- Zooloincml .*M.rie5, Vol. 24, No. 18. New Tormitophiloua Diptera from the 

-1«>^ IT. S«>«vers. Januar>' 31. 1941. 20 pages, 

<V2. 

491. BoUnicml Series. Vol. IX. No. 6. Studies of the Ve«eUtion of Mtmouri— II. 

. > plate*, 

21 te«t-hguit?». K; 

492. Z* ' ■• ' Mi. N... 7. N • • .1 

t K. \Vrnz4>l a: 
\it4l. 42 pa^t*-'. 4 piateji. F:dition 832. 

493. Z» ' ' ' "1. No. 19. Rirdt from th- V. at.in IVnirv-«ul.i 

! Jr. Fehnian,- 25. 1941. "'J p.i^r" . ! t»>xt-fijriir' 

K<ittii>ii - 

494. G. V 4. A New Ft><r> ' ' 

.- h 15. 1941. 6 pa. i 

927. 

496.- Z.. - ' ' 24. Nn 20 Two New Birds fr - "tish Guiana 

! . .e. Marrh 15. 1941. 6 pajtes. ! •^27. 

496. Botanical Senev Vol. X III. Tart IV. No. 1. Flora of Peru. By J. Franc, 

Machride. June .30. 1941. 666 paRPs. V ' ' - ^.-14. 

497. Report Serieji. Vol. 12. No. 2. Annual Rep ■f Dirvrtor for the Vea- 

1940. January. 1941. 156 pages. 10 plates. Kdition 5.^ — 

49>. A' No. 1. Camp. and Kin am • t: ff' 

.». By .M'^xar.fi. r. .\ujnj«t J. If'j; 

JH paces, 1 text-figure, fektition "J 

499. /• .-.--.-,--_- 

Vuifust 30, 1941. lb pa?es. 2 text-figures. Ldition »97. 
600. Zo - • ^ -:• Copulat By 

. 1941. 4 pa, S30. 



Publications and Printing 419 

501. — Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 23. A New Subspecies of Sceloporus jarrovii 
from Mexico. By Hobart M. Smith and Bryce C. Brown. August 30, 
1941. 6 pages, 1 text-figure. Edition 810. 

502. — Geological Series, Vol. 8, No. 5. A New Procyonid from the Miocene of 
Nebraska. By Paul 0. McGrew. September 20, 1941. 4 pages, 2 text- 
figures. Edition 935. 

503. — Geological Series, Vol. 8, No. 6. A New Miocene Lagomorph. By Paul 0. 
McGrew. September 20, 1941. 6 pages, 1 text-figure. Edition 943. 

504. — Geological Series, Vol. 8, No. 7. A New Erinaceid from the Lower Miocene. 

»By Grayson E. Meade. September 30, 1941. 6 pages, 1 text-figure. 
Edition 909. 

505. — Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 24. Records of Large Fresh-Water Mussels. 
By Fritz Haas. October 30, 1941. 12 pages. Edition 850. 

506. — Botanical Series, Vol. 22, No. 7. Additions to Our Knowledge of the 

American and Hawaiian Floras. By Earl Edward Sherff. October 31, 

1941. 38 pages. Edition 836. 
507. — Geological Series, Vol. 8, No. 8. A New Phororhacoid Bird from the 

Deseado Formation of Patagonia. By Bryan Patterson. October 31, 

1941. 6 pages, 1 text-figure. Edition 904. 
508. — Geological Series, Vol. 8, No. 9. Heteromyids from the Miocene and 

Lower Oligocene. By Paul 0. McGrew. October 31, 1941. 4 pages, 

1 text-figure. Edition 938. 

509.— Botanical Series, Vol. 20, No. 4. Tropical Marine Algae of the Arthur 
Schott Herbarium. By William Randolph Taylor. November 29, 1941. 
24 pages, 2 plates. Edition 1,084. 

510.— Geological Series, Vol. 9, No. 1. The Aplodontoidea. By Paul O. McGrew. 
December 5, 1941. 30 pages, 13 text-figures. Edition 972. 

» 511.— Zoological Series, Vol. 27. Papers on Mammalogy. Published in honor of 
Wilfred Hudson Osgood. December 8, 1941. 396 pages, 12 plates, 57 
text-figures. Edition 782. 
512.— Zoological Series, Vol. XXII, No. 8. The Amphibians and Reptiles of 
British Honduras. By Karl P. Schmidt. December 30, 1941. 38 pages, 
1 text-figure. Edition 887. 

Reprinted from Botanical Series, Vol. XIII, Flora of Peru 

Botanical Series, Vol. XIII, Part IV, No. 1, pp. 181-202. Begoniaceae. 

By Lyman B. Smith and Bernice G. Schubert. June 30, 1941. 24 pages. 

Edition 212. 
Botanical Series, Vol. XIII, Part IV, No. 1, pp. 52-56. Lacistemaceae. 

By Charies Baehni. June 30, 1941. 6 pages. Edition 25. 
Botanical Series, Vol. XIII, Part IV, No. 1, pp. 56-82. Violaceae. By 

Charles Baehni and R. Weibel. June 30, 1941. 28 pages. Edition 2o. 

Reprinted from Zoological Series, Vol. 27, Papers on Mammalogij 

Zoological Series, Vol. 27, pp. 17-36. Pygmy Sperm Whale in the Atlantic. 

By Glover M. Allen. December 8, 1941. 20 pages, 4 text-figures. 

Edition 76. 
Zoological Series, Vol. 27, pp. 37-124. Mammals Collected by the Vernay- 

Cutting Burma Expedition. By H. E. Anthony. December 8, 1941. 

86 pages, 4 plates, 1 text-figure. Edition 102. 
Zoological Series, Vol. 27, pp. 125-136. Cranial and Dental Characters 

of Some South American Cervidae. By Angel Cabrera. December 8, 

1941. 12 pages, 5 text-figures. Edition 76. 
Zoological Series, Vol. 27, pp. 137-228. The Arteries of the Forearm in 

Carnivores. By D. Dwight Davis. December 8, 1941. 92 pages, 6i 

text-figures. Edition 76. 



k 



•12<» KiKi.n MisKi'M OF Nati:rai. Histdry Kki*orts. Vol. 12 

/ - . V  ~ ' A F'lrwttx^n* Oll«r tr 

■A I. r 8. 1941 4 paSM. 1 l* 

K<lujijn 76. 
Z • '  '■ ' "" 2TM. Rr. ' "^ y.M\pt\\ C- 

.1 Hall. 1). .;. 46 ; , 

Zool- - -. Vol. 27. pp. 279 292. Tho Femoral Trocham*n> ' 

A. vrll. DrrfmlxT .H. 1941. 14 pa«M. 2 toil-figurw. K 

76. 
7,. 1. .,...' <..r-... V, ! 27, pp. ■:/-•■'■ " ' On the Identity of th« PorpofaN 

By : on Kellogg. I>ecemb«>r 8. 1941. 

Kdilion 
7 . I. 27, pp. Inrwor Tip« of Young RodentJi. 

.ra l^wrence. December H, 1941. 6 page*. 2 t«xt-figum. 
.6. 
/ u Sen^. Vol. 27, pp. 319-370. The Races of the Ocelot and the 

.Mantay. Hy R. I. rocork. norrmlxT 8, 1941. 62 page*. Edition 76. 
/ - . Vol. 27. pp. 37' '-■ '* options and Records of 

lV^. By Cohn C .. -n. December 8, 1941. 

16 »>«»:••■'■ Kdition 102. 

Mkmoirs Srrirs 

r,  ' Miv.r*. Vol. 2. The rpp^T Oni - .-. -Bay, 

i. By Sharat Kumar Roy. ;'•!«•. 

146 text-hRurpj". Kdition 909. 

I^.ArLET Skries 

.\ntl^ •. No. 33. Arrhaoolouy of South Amprica. By J. Eric 

Th • J. 1. 160 pages. 12 plates. 1 map, 18 text-figures. Reprint. 
Marrh. 1941. Edition 554. 

A ., No. 31. Pr- - Man. Hall of f •• Age of the 

By Henr>' I. ... >.;th a preface by L .... .; Laufer. 44 

pages. . 1 map, 1 cover design. Third edition. I>eceinber, 1941. 

C,. ^. A Forest of the Coal Age. By B. E. Dahlgren. 40 oagM. 

2 plates, 21 text-figures, 3 maps. 1 cover design. Reprint. March, 

1941. Edition 1.101. 
Gixilogy. No. 4. Meteorites. Bv Oliver C. Farrington. 12 page*. 4 platea. 

Reprint. December. 1941. Edition 2.000. 

Haspbook Seribs 

Handl>ook. General i- . the Mu.vum. ita history, 

building, exhibits, ex, ., i...u»»s. Tenth edition. July, 

1941. 78 pages, 8 plates. 1 r gn. Edition 2.555. 

Gil 

0<m*T«1 Guide to Field Museum of Natural History Exhibits. Twenty-flrat 
1941. 56 pages. 6 plates. 3 text-figures. 1 cover design. Edition 

C'c • • -.» (fuid# to Field Mu.seum of Natural Histor>* Exhibits. Twenty- 
Reprint. 56 pages. 6 plates. 3 text-figure*. 1 cover 
.077. 

PHOTOGRAPHY .WD ILLrSTRATION 

The Division of Photography reports for IMl a total production 
of 25.373 items. This figure includes negatives, prints, bromide 



Photography and Illustration 421 

enlargements, lantern slides, transparencies, etc. Although a few 
hundred of these were made for sales, fulfilling orders received from 
other institutions, publishers, and the public, the great majority 
were necessary to meet the various requirements of the Departments 
and Divisions of the Museum. 

The Museum staff Photographer and his assistant were respon- 
sible for the production of 11,778 items; the remainder, consisting 
chiefly of the making of prints of routine character, was produced 
by workers assigned by the federal Work Projects Administration 
during the period preceding July 1, at which time this project 
ceased. Included in the WPA production was a great number of 
prints of type specimens of plants for the herbarium as a result of 
the negatives collected in Europe through the efforts of the Depart- 
ment of Botany over a period of more than ten years prior to the 
beginning of the war. 

More than 100,000 negatives are now included in the photographic 
files of the Museum, making available pictures for various uses 
covering an enormous number of subjects in every one of the institu- 
tion's Departments. In order that this material may be used to full 
advantage an elaborate system of classifying, indexing, and number- 
ing negatives and prints has become necessary, and is being carried 
on with skill and speed as has been the case in several years past. 
This work during 1941 involved more than 62,000 items handled 
or operations performed. 

The Museum Collotyper produced a total of 723,600 prints during 
1941. These included illustrations for publications and leaflets, 
covers for books and pamphlets, picture post cards, headings for 
lecture posters, and miscellaneous items. 

The Museum Illustrator produced 142 drawings, the majority 
of which were used for publication purposes; the remainder for 
exhibitions, experimental work, etc. Besides scientific drawings, 
there were graphs, charts, transparencies, diagrams, lettered plates, 
mimeograph stencil drawings, and an oil painting. The drawing, 
lettering, and coloring of 79 maps was a major item, as was also the 
retouching, etching, and opaquing of 501 photographic negatives. 
Photographs retouched, lettered, and tinted numbered 69, and 
stereopticon slides colored were 266 in number. Other miscellaneous 
work included the tooling of 51 cuts, and the correcting, retouching, 
and lettering of 50 drawings made by outside illustrators and sub- 
mitted for Museum publications. Assistance in the designing of a 
poster publicizing Harwa, the X-rayed mummy, was given to the 



422 FiKLi) MisKiM OK Nati:rai, History Hki*orts. Vol. 12 

Division of Public Kelalions. A ihrit^-ooluru*! ixwier antl a I href- 
colonel folder announcing activiiitN of the Raymond Foundalioi 
won' also designed. 

M.MNTKNAXrK AND C'ONSTKrCTION 

An imi^JFtanl impn)vement for the comfort and conveniens ; 
the public was the construction, in the north center portion of the 
jfTound M(K)r, of new lavatories with an adjacent lobby and rest room, 
replacing former facilities. The new arranjjement practically doubles 
capacity and provides a waiting room where men, women, and 
children all may meet. Facilities for smoking are also provided. 
Separate from the public nK)ms is a rest room to care for cases of 
emergency illness or accident. 

The fixtures and fitting.^ from the old rooms were disjKxsetl of, 
and the e;Lst rmim is being converle<l into additional exhibition area 
for Hall B (New World .Archaeology i, while the west rotjm is being 
reconstructed as an enlargement of the children's lunch nwm. Three 
smaller lavatories were also built for employees' use: one adjoining 
the guards' rooms; one adjacent to the Cafeteria employees' dressing 
rooms, and one on the fourth floor near the paint .shop. 

A large amount of exterior repair work wa«^ done during the 
year. All four elevations were given attention as to tuck jxunting 
and painting of wcnxlwork. All exterior .sashes were painted, includ- 
ing those in light courts on the .second and third flfK>rs. White paint, 
which gives better protection and appearance than the fonner black 
finish, was applied to .sashes, frames, and .screens of the light courts. 

The parapet walls on the north .side of the building at the third 
floor level were removed and rebuilt to correct an outward "lean." 
Expansion joints were built in at proper intervals to prevent a 
recurrence of this condition. 

The main roof .skylight alxne Stanley V\eU\ Hall was a source 
of considerable trouble during a rather wet autumn, and it became 
neces.sar>' to recondition it. This work was begun late in the year 
under a time-and-material contract calling for completion in 1942. 

Fifty-five ca,sement .sashes and frames were replaced by double 
hung .sashes of white pine with frames of tidewater c\*press, com- 
pleting all .sash replacement on the fourth floor. 

The roof slabs of the boiler room and shipping room, which form 
part of the terrace fl<x)r, were caulked and painted to prevent leaks. 
The weeds growing in the terrace walk were eliminated with a 
special acid, and the edges of the lawn were trimmed straight. 



Maintenance and Construction 423 

When the United States entered the war, equipment was pur- 
chased to repair, replace, and increase fire-fighting apparatus 
throughout the building. Windows in the night guards' rooms, and 
the boiler and pump rooms, were prepared for possible "blackouts." 
Sashes at each end of the second floor exhibition halls on the east 
side of the building were rehung to give the maintenance and guard 
forces better access to the roofs of each light court. This was 
essential because in the exhibition halls dioramas or transparencies 
bar most of the windows which would normally be used. 

To identify the building for strangers in its vicinity, four new 
signs were made and placed in remodeled standards at the north 
and south entrances. Several other signs were purchased and hung 
in the exhibition halls. The Museum's carpenters also made a 
number of boxes and crates required for various Departments and 
Divisions. A special ladder was built for the Staff Artist, and a 
stationery cabinet was made for the Division of Public Relations. 
A large stationery and clothes cabinet was constructed and installed 
in the Raymond Foundation office to replace a miscellaneous assort- 
ment of old furniture. Two bulletin boards were made and hung 
on the third floor. A great deal of time was spent on repair and 
maintenance of door checks, window screens, fire extinguishers, etc. 

The areas under and near the south steps on the ground floor, 
and the entire shipping room, were cleaned. Old cases were dis- 
mantled, and usable material was salvaged for future use. 

A large amount of wall washing and painting was done during 
the year. A new safety steel scaffold was purchased and used in 
washing and starching the walls and statuary in Stanley Field 
Hall. Rooms 14, 15, 49, 79, 82, 84, 85, 86, and 89 were washed 
and painted. The north corridor on the ground floor, leading to the 
new rest rooms and Cafeteria, was redecorated. The shaft of the 
passenger elevator was washed and painted. A new rubber tile 
floor was installed in the Registrar's office, and the room was com- 
pletely redecorated. 

The janitorial force was fitted out with new uniforms under a 
system whereby the laundry cleans the uniforms and the Museum 
pays only the laundry charges on each soiled garment. 

A special room was constructed on the ground floor for the 
Department of Anthropology, to house the X-ray and fluoroscope 
equipment used in the new exhibit of the mummy Harwa. 

Light boxes were installed over the cases in Edward E. and 
Emma B. Ayer Hall (Hall 2— Archaeology of Etruria and Rome). 






424 FiKi-D MisKUM OF Nati:ral History Kkfh)KTs, Vol. 12 

A hiTRc portion of the construction work rcHjuirwl in the remmleling 
of Hall H (New World Archa* ' was done. Nineteen new 

"built-in" cases were compIottHl, ..m tpi for the final coat of paint; 
two n(H)r cases were rem(Hiele<i. and five new cases were purchased. 
Work in this hall will continue in 1942. A new storage room was 
completed at the south end of the third floor. 

In the workinji quarters of the Department of Botany, steel 
door storage cases from Rooms 14 and 15 were rein.stalled in Room 
17, thus permitting the other two rooms to be equipped and redeco- 
rated for oflice use. Two 8-door herbarium cases were set up in 
Room 9. Steel racks were assembled in Room 61 for storage of 
metal cans containing specimens. The case for the .Atlantic inter- 
tidal vegetation diorama in Martin A. and Carrie Ryerson Hall 
(Hall 29 IMant Life) was glazed and trimmed. 

The work of reconstructing H. N*. Higinbotham Hall of Gems 
and Jewels (Hall 31^. begun in 1940, was completed in time for a 
public opening in June. Construction was begun on four cases for 
the Department of Geology for u.se in Hail 36. Additional book- 
shelving w.xs added to the Department's librar>', and a 12-door 
metal storage case was set up in Room 116 after rearranging the 
laboratory' sink and equipment. 

The remodeling and building of cases for the Division of Paleon- 
tology was continued, and only nine cases remain to be remodeled. 
Twenty "open base" cases were moveti from Ernest R. Graham 
Hall (Hall :38) to P>ederick J. V. Skifl Hall (Hall 37». and twenty 
old cases in the latter were dismantled. A number of bases for 
mounting specimens were constructed, and two large di.«icarded cases 
were remodeled to hou.se a study collection in Room 107. 

P'our ca.ses were prepared for an exhibit illustrating embryology 
which is to be installed in Hall 19 i.\natomy and Osteology). The 
location chosen for this exhibit made it necessar>' to make extensive 
shifts of other exhibits in the hall. Three wall-suspended cases 
were constructed for the Department of Zoology. 

Eight new ca.ses were purchased for the west end of Albert W. 
Harris Hall (Hall 18 > to house new in.sect exhibits in preparation. 
Two of the p>Tamid .screens needed for these were made. 

Light boxes were installed on the ca.ses in George M. Pullman Hall 
(H-'l 1^.1. Albert W. Harris Hall (Hall 18 . and Hall 19 (Anatomy and 
(.) >ry I. It was necessary thoroughly to clean the glass on the in- 

.side of the cases in Halls 13 and 18, a task which required removal 
of many exhibits, but a marked improvement was thus achieved. 




^ 
2 



a 



m 






J 


Q> t^ 




W 


t-^ 




^ 


E ; 






1 ^ 




Q 


^ Si 




iz; 


^ « 




i; 






M 


u cn 




S 


^ g 




w 






o 


u -c 


^ 




£ c 


-^ 


fe 


> li 


-- 


o 


C ^ 


13 


hJ 


m ~ 




1 


"! _C 


^^ 


< 


— " s 


— ' 


X 


3 ^ 


C3 


^ 




£ 


H 


M 


a 


2; 


3 >> 


j= 


o c 






^ rt 




H 


jD s2 


£ 




.2 H 


■5 



o 

pi 
< 

O 
H 

M 

3h 



I "^^ '^ 
I t ^ 

c — 

bo 0) 



►J 

o 



5-5 
8 .S- 



THF ' _ i 

w. THE 



Maintenance and Construction 425 

The "built-in" case for the crocodile group at the east end of 
Harris Hall was glazed and trimmed, as was the case for the new 
peacock habitat group in Hall 20. Preparations were made for the 
accommodation of a habitat group of Galapagos fishes in Hall 0. 
Partitions with doors were built at the west end and center of the 
Hall of Fishes (Hall 0) to separate it from the service area. 

About ninety lineal feet of counter, two research tables, and a 
wall cabinet were built and installed in Room 86 (Division of Insects). 
The interior wooden racks of three steel storage cases in this room 
were remodeled so as to make the trays of adjoining cases inter- 
changeable with them. 

A base was built for a mammal group to be placed in Hall 15. 
Four benches were constructed for mounting new electric power 
tools used by preparators in Room 99 of the Department of Zoology. 
Shelves in the metal storage cases on the west side of the fourth floor 
were shifted, and additional shelves added for the Division of 
Herpetology. 

Expedition equipment, including two glass-bottomed buckets for 
under-water studies, were made for the Division of Fishes. Three 
racks on casters, to fit metal specimen tanks and alcohol drums, 
were also made. Metal ends were made and fitted to shelving in 
the storage cases on the east side of the fourth floor for the Division 
of Lower Invertebrates. 

Construction was begun on three work rooms for taxidermists 
and preparators at the north end of the east side of the fourth 
floor. Steel beams and floor to form a mezzanine for future storage 
cases were erected, and completion is scheduled for early in 1942. 

The N. W. Harris Public School Extension delivery trucks were 
fitted with new shelves. New shades were purchased and installed 
in the photographer's operating room. 

The relocation and reconstruction of the Library and stack room 
(begun in 1940) was completed. Two book trucks were made for 
the Library. 

All four boilers were thoroughly cleaned. New baffle tiles were 
installed where necessary, a total of 750 tube tiles being used; 
160 arch tiles were used in repairs on one of the boilers; a new 
circulating tube was installed in another. The stokers were repaired 
wherever necessary. 

The coal conveyor was overhauled; several new buckets and 
eighteen feet of worm screw were installed. New hopper chutes 
were made for the ash conveyor. Soot blowers were removed and 



426 FiKi.i) MisKiM OF Natlrai. History Kkpokts, Vol. 12 

ropain^l. 12.'j feel of nevr pipe boing usixi. The smoke stack wxn 
rolint^l with a ' - bl(x*k.s. A new >h:ifl was inslallc<i on the bilfje 
pump in (he liomr ro<im. A new steam l)oilcr feed pump was in- 
stalled by the engine nnim crew, along with a new electric boiler 
fce<l unit. 

A new six-inch water mam was run into the building from the 
ThirttH>nth Strevt main to provirle against emergency shutdowns in 
the regular sersice. Valves and check valves were installed in the 
lines in compliance with Hoard of Health regulations. 

Vacuum pumps were overhaule<l and repacked. The hydraulic 
elevator at the shipping and receiving room entrance was repacked 
and necessary repairs made. 

I'nder contracts of several years' standing the Museum fumi.shed 
11.80r),214 pounds of steam to the John G. Shedd Aquarium, 
5.931.362 iK)unds to Soldier Field, and 8.063.70.5 pounds to the 
Chicago I\irk District Administration Building. 

Fluorescent lighting was extended to Halls 2, 13, 18, and 19 
under the program for improvement of illumination inaugurated in 
1939. Some fluorescent lighting wa'^ installe<i also in the Library, 
and in K()oms 48, 56, T.'j. 85, 89, and 107. 

The new exhibition cases in H. N. Higinbotham Hall of Gems 
and Jewels i Hall 31" were provided with fluorescent lights and 
ventilating fans. In the Hall of Chinese Jades (Hall 30 1 the lights 
were replactnl with larger lamps which greatly improved illumination. 
Additional lights were installed in Halls 29 and 38, and in the egg 
storage room on the third floor. Altogether. 1.036 new light units 
were instalUnl. 

N'ew feeder cable was run from the .switch room to supply current 
for the new lavatories and the X-rayed mummy case in Hall J 
Water and drain lines were al.so supplied to meet re<^juirements for 
operation of the X-ray machine. 

An alarm system was developed and mstaiied m the Hall of 
Gems. A microphone was purcha^^ed and a public address .system 
.set up in the James Simp.son Theatre, using the exi.stent sound 
equipment 

.Ml the lavatories on the third floor were checked over and 
equipment was replaced where necessar>'. A new lavatory was 
installed in Room 14. 

.Ml cases in Halls 13. 15. 16. 17. 22. and C were poi.soned t' 
protect their contents against damage by insects, etc. 



Public Relations 427 

PUBLIC RELATIONS 

Despite the ever-increasing demands made upon their space by 
news of the war and other critical events, the newspapers of Chicago 
and of the nation continued to give their columns generously to 
information for the public released through Field Museum's press 
bureau. Of prime importance to the Museum, of course, is publicity 
in the local metropolitan dailies, and deep appreciation is due to 
the Chicago Daily News, Chicago Tribune, Chicago Daily Times, 
Chicago Herald-American, and Chicago Journal of Commerce, all 
of which have been co-operating with the Museum for years, and also 
to a newcomer, the Chicago Sun, which began publication toward 
the end of 1941, In addition to the large dailies, the Museum 
directed its publicity efforts to hundreds of papers each of which 
reaches special groups of readers, such as the community newspapers 
and the foreign language papers circulated among the populations 
of distinct neighborhoods within Chicago, and the principal dailies 
and weeklies published in the city's suburbs and in other parts of 
Illinois and neighboring states. Much desirable publicity was 
obtained also in the pages of various special newspapers and period- 
icals, such as This Week in Chicago, Downtown Shopping News, 
National Corporation Reporter, and Daily Law Bulletin. 

In other cities throughout the nation, and to some extent inter- 
nationally, the attention of prospective visitors to Chicago was 
directed to Field Museum through news releases carried in the wire 
and mail services of such agencies as the Associated Press, United 
Press, International News Service, and Science Service. Leading 
newspapers in New York, Boston, Los Angeles, and other cities 
receive, at their own request, news direct from Field Museum's 
press bureau so that they may have a more complete coverage than 
can be afforded by the national news services. Stories about the 
Museum appeared frequently also in the news-magazine Time, in 
the Illustrated London News, and other important magazines in this 
country and abroad. 

Nearly 300 news releases were prepared by the Public Relations 
Counsel and distributed through all of the above-mentioned channels, 
in many cases accompanied by photographs. In addition supple- 
mentary material was furnished constantly to reporters and photog- 
raphers sent to the Museum on special assignments. As has occurred 
in past years, news from the Museum occasionally also was followed 
up by the appearance of an editorial on the subject of the institution's 
releases. 



428 FiKi.i) MrsKrM of Nati;rai. History Kki-okts. Vol. 12 

As a result of the reopening of the n€»\^-ly in.stallwl Hall of Gems 
and Jowols Hall 31. H. N. Hijiinliotham Hall), and the openinfj of 
the ontiri'Iy now Hall of Fishes (Hall ()), the Museum received 
esiHHMally lavish publicity, with several pictorial "spreads." includ- 
ing a pajje in full colors in the Chicago Suritlay Tnhurif. The Sunday 
Tnhutir. on its own initiative, also publisher! late in the year a 
comprehensive illustrate*] article on the Mu.scum's purposes and 
accomplishments. 

Special attention was devoted to the release of articles relating 
the Museum exhibit.-* to current topics of the day, as, for example, 
featuring the institution's exhibits from Pacific i.slands when public 
intertNl was focu.se<l upon that area due to the attacks on Hawaii, 
the Philippines, the Dutch Kast Indies, and Malaya. The Mu.seum 
co-ofKrattHJ in a numl>er of instances with other civic agencies in 
joint publicity. As usual, a constant flow of releases was maintained 
about all current activities .such as expeditions, research, new ex- 
hibits, lectures, children's programs, etc. 

To maintain constant and intimate contact with the .se\'eral 
thou.sand persons who contribute to the Museum's support through 
membership subscriptions, the monthly bulletin FifM Museum ,\>ir« 
was continutxi in publication, completing its twelfth volume and 
yeiU". Distributed to all Members promptly at the beginning of 
each month, this bulletin kept them informed of the institution's 
activities, and brought them illustratefl articles on scientific .subjects 
of p<ipular interest. Besides providing a senice to the membership. 
FieU Musniiu Xnrs operates as an exchange medium in the Mu- 
seum's relationships with other .similar institutions, and also an th« 
source of much additional publicity many of its articles are re- 
printed or quoted in the daily press and in a wide variety of periodi- 
cals, including magazines both for the general reader and those 
addressed to .specialized classes, .such as trade and technical journals. 

Radio stations and networks continued to co-operate in the 
Museum's publicity by carr>ing news from the institution, and 
by presenting six>cial programs devoted to Mu.seum activities or 
featuring members of the stafT as speakers. Especially notablf 
were programs about the work of the Mu.seum presented in the 
series "A World of Interest " by Mrs. Clifton (Frane) Utiey. well- 
known radio personality, on station \VPP,M and the network of 
the Columbia Broadcasting System. 

The Mu.seum continued to benefit from adverti.sing facilities 
made available by the Chicago Rapid Tran.sit Lines, the Chicago, 



Membership 429 

Aurora and Elgin Railroad, the Chicago, North Shore and Mil- 
waukee Railroad, the Chicago and North Western Railway, the 
Illinois Central System, and the Chicago Surface Lines. Through 
the co-operation of the Illinois Art Project of the federal Work 
Projects Administration the Museum was enabled to issue a number 
of attractive posters for use in the stations and cars of the above 
named transportation companies, and in libraries, travel bureaus, 
schools, office buildings, department stores, hotels, and elsewhere. 
As has been the practice for years past, many thousands of descrip- 
tive folders advertising the Museum were distributed through these 
various agencies, and also thousands of folders announcing the 
Sunday afternoon lectures presented at the Museum by Mr. Paul G. 
Dallwig, The Layman Lecturer, Likewise, thousands of folders 
were provided for delegates attending the many conventions held 
in Chicago. 

Valuable contacts for the promotion of the Museum's press and 
radio relations were maintained through its representation, by the 
Public Relations Counsel, in the Publicity Club of Chicago and the 
Chicago Conference on Association Publicity. 

DIVISION OF MEMBERSHIPS 

Although the demands of taxes and contributions necessary for 
national defense produced varied and unusual drains on the resources 
of all citizens during the past year, it is indeed encouraging to be 
able to report a net increase of 89 in the number of Museum Members 
on record in 1941. This is an improvement in number and in rate 
of increase compared with 1940. The total of new Members enrolled 
in 1941 was 451, against a loss of 362 incurred through transfers, 
cancellations and deaths. The total number of memberships as of 
December 31, 1941, was 4,313. 

Field Museum is greatly indebted to the many Members who 
have associated themselves with its activities, and the administra- 
tion of this institution wishes to express its gratitude and apprecia- 
tion for their loyal support. Such public-spirited co-operation and 
support constitutes a most important factor in making possible the 
successful continuation of the educational and cultural program of 
the Museum. An expression of deep appreciation is due also to those 
Members who found it necessary to discontinue their memberships, 
and it is hoped when conditions are more favorable that they will 
again enroll as Members of this institution. 



430 FiKLi) MrsKiM ok N'atiral History Kki*orts, Vol. 12 

The following tabulation shows the number of names on the list 
of each memlKTship rhtssificaLion at the end of 1941: 

r 23 

li I-TTilM-n* 12 

Patrons 26 

(' -j: Momi>on« 7 

< -' 127 

Corporate Members 46 

I • " • -, 241 

N I Life MomlHT-i 12 

A.vw)riate Momben* 2,390 

N '■ \ iHonatr Mpml>er» 8 

^ .. IHTS 6 

Annual Members 1,415 

Total Memberships 4.313 

The nanu»s of all persons listed as Members during 1941 will 
be found on the pages at the end of this Report. 

In the pages which follow are submitted the Museums financial 
statements, lists of accessions, el cetera. 

Clifford C. Gregg. Director 



BEQUESTS 

Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be made in 
securities, money, books or collections. They may, if desired, take 
the form of a memorial to a person or cause, to be named by the 
giver. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the 
following form is suggested: 

FORM OF BEQUEST 

I do hereby give and bequeath to Field Museum of Natural 
History of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, 



Contributions made within the taxable year to Field 
Museum of Natural History to an amount not in excess of 
15 per cent of the taxpayer's net income are allowable as 
deductions in computing net income for federal income 
tax purposes. 

Endowments may be made to the Museum with the 
provision that an annuity be paid to the patron during his 
or her lifetime. These annuities are guaranteed against 
fluctuation in amount and may reduce federal income taxes. 



431 



COMPAkATIVK ATTKNDAN'CE STATISTICS 
A\*n DUUK IMTKTPTS 

H>K VKAFtS 1940 AM) 1941 



Total attrndantv 
Paid attpndanr<> 

Vrt^ adminiona on pay days: 

Students 
School childrpn 

Toarhrr* 

United States Service Men 



I'M! 

1.358.147 
86.531 



H8.276 

77,710 

.1.022 

817 

891 



1.450,685 
80.888 



76.722 

85.249 

3.181 

1.039 



AdmuwiunA on fre* days: 

Thur -.\ 

Satur>;..,< - -' 
Sunda>-8 (.'i2 

Highest attendance on any day (May 2' 
I»wr«t at*. ' ' ' 

Highp?4t p.i 

Average daily admlH.<iinns (363 day^ 
Averafe paid admiwnn-« '20S days' 

Number of Rui-!"^ - .IM 
Number of ar- "cked 

Number of picture post cards sold 



175.S72 


(52) 


'.' 


:"• r\ 


(62) 




.) 


(62) 




47,99S 


(June 4) 


51.247 


103 


'March 13 i 


121 


<.515 


(September 2' 


3.291 


3.741 


(364 da>-s > 


3.963 


416 


(210 da>-s 


385 


1 1 .943 




10.002 


20.601 




23.616 


H4,226 




83.060 






•, •!. 



andbook- 



JS.0 18.42 



$6,604.33 



432 



COMPARATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR YEARS 1940 AND 1941 

Income 1941 1940 

Endowment Funds $196,442.74 $203,608.49 

F\inds held under annuity agree- 
ments 22,533.33 27,807.92 

Life Membership Fund 10,713.74 11,530.05 

Associate Membership Fund .. . 12,288.74 12,927.91 

Chicago Park District 129,498.70 58,130.33 

Annual and Sustaining Member- 
ships 12,770.00 12,085.00 

Admissions 21,632.75 20,222.00 

Sundry receipts 16,912.14 17,835.43 

Contributions, general pur- 
poses 22.00 1,015.00 

Contributions, special purposes 

(expended per contra) 16,059.69 28,061.45 

Special Funds — part expended 
this year for purposes 
designated (included per 
contra) 14,449.56 11,822.93 

$453,323.39 ' $405,046.51 

Expenditures 

Collections $ 17,650.52 $ 26,490.19 

Operating expenses capitalized 

and added to collections. . . 49,936.12 41,701.84 

Expeditions 13,888.32 9,983.95 

Furniture, fixtures, etc 21,900.91 69,666.12 

Wages capitalized and added to 

fixtures 3,384.89 7,645.21 

Pensions and Group Insurance. . 52,452.46 43,078.64 

Departmental expenses 46,112.71 40,994.29 

General operating expenses 311,377.97 319,212.39 

Building repairs and alterations . 100,704.53 66,328.76 
Annuities on contingent gifts. . . 26,271.86 29,870.60 
Reserve for repairs and deprecia- 
tion 35,000.00 35,000.00 

$678,680.29 $689,971.99 

Deficit $225,356.90 $284,925.48 

Contribution by Mr. Marshall Field 252,541.42 283,895.94 

Balance $ 27,184.52 Deficit. .$ 1,029.54 



THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 

1941 1940 

Income from endowment $20,220.32 $20,376.62 

Operating expenses 19,063.11 17,205.21 

Balance.. $ 1,157.21 $ 3,171.41 
433 



b 



LIST OF AfTKSSlONS 



nKI'AKTMKN 



L 







I luiaijo; « Arat 
North Africa and 



J., Statr 



Mtaicu 



' R. Thomas C. 

1 , . 190 nottrn- 
Arabia (gift 

'' ■■•. v.. ( .. 

AntbiB (gift). 

BRfMAN, Henry 

ronn,sylvania: 51 Huichol Itv 
nolngical specimens — Jalisco, 
(giftK 

Chait. Ralph. Now York: group of 

■' Orrfos bronns — North Cnina 

. ..). 

Collier, Donald, Chicago: 1 Nazra 

comb — douth coatt of Peru (gift'. 

GRAN'S, Mr-s. Richard T.. Chicago: 

2 Porno Indian baskot-s California 
(gift). 

Dpvvkr Art Ml-seim, Denver, 
'  : 8 Choctaw and Chitimarha 

t:._ ... southea-slern L'nitofi Staros 
(exchange). 

Farley. Mrs. " m, .\1imh - 

apoli.'', Minnesota:  • and Grwk 

potterj' sherds (gift). 

Field. Dr. IlENitY, Washington. 
D.C.: 2 head-covering holden* Ililla. 
Arabia; 9 photographic prinLs 'gifti. 

FIELD MlSElM t)F NaTIRAL HisToRV : 
Collectod bv Dr Pan! S Martin 

(Field ^• 

tion to : ...... 

mately 24.000 .Hpecimen.s. 
• ' ' - • An., potter\ 

;i . .il. 

KHANK. .Mrs. .Mortimer. Chicago: 

1 painted figurine head San Juan, 

Teotihuacan. Mexico (gift). 

G " "hila- 

delp; . ... . ^ ;ni«i 

— Yunnan Pro\ince, China (g • 

Grow av Inc., ^ 

4 Chine?w» i ang a 

peri'xN. f'hina igifti; 26 ceramic .^peci- 
ment China ipurcha."**'. 

Hr«»TrR. F D , Nfanila, Philippine 
I - .Tiic fra^fmen!'' 

M.. .....-: ., ....:.... Bohn!. Ph ip- 

pine I.<«land5 (gift). 

HlIDEKorER. Coi 
Twrw! •. \r •■.':\-.7i: ._ .. il 

spe< :x. Crow, Cheyenne, 

and .■'if rtj'.»i." irii»»-^ (fift). 



.\ . . liKOlXiLOGV 

H "■■  • 

irom C anyon de Cheiiy. Aniona «gifl>. 
JAMt:s. F. G., Cleveland. Ohio: 1 
.Htained glav window of TifTany manu- 
facture (gift). 

Larwill, J. W.. Grain VallfTT, 

Missouri: 2 stone jicrapern and 1 »ton* 

graver- prehi-itoric Indians of Kansas 

(gift*. 

LtTKENBILL. MRS. KLORBS'CB P., 

Unrida: 1 black pot Costa Rica (giftl. 

Morris. Karl H., Boulder, '■ " —In: 
11 pieces of Ha-nket Maker ; 
Ijl Plata Valley, Colorado (ex*. {.a;.gc ». 

N'eusos, William Rotkhill, Gal- 
lery OK Art. Kan.>ui.s City. Miiwouri: 1 
pottrr>* ritual ve«s' << 

- .\nyang. Honan, 

PlCHER. Major Oli\'E» S., Hubbard 
Wood.--. "' ethnological speci- 

mon.s Arapaho. Hawaii, 

and China (gift;. 

P. \ . Chicago: 1 dagger 

— n: .. . 

S<'HMID. Charles. Oak Park. Illinois: 
1 deadfall (trap^ Alaska (gift). 

.Stanley, Charles A., Cheeloo Uni- 
versity, T.«inan, China: 11 sherds — 
Anyang, Honan. China: 4 sherds and 
1 ""ton*' implement Ch'eng txu yai, 
vntung. China (gift; 21 pottery 
.. ->eLs. Shang and Chou dates, 2 
pottery figurines. Wei period, 1 bronn 
weapon, early Chou period (purchase). 

Cniversity of Chicago, Chicago: 
3 pieces of potter>-, 22 sherd.s, 11 stone 

art' • ' " ' - -.•*'<^-and- 

da\ .mgeK 

IM. K.K.'^iTY OF Michigan (Ceran 
" : tor>-). Ann ArV - \' -^r-- . 



.-.d 7 sherds - 


ia 


> exchange . 




Cnivf.r.'^ity of Pen^ '^ ' ' 


',v ''nl- 


\-ersity Mu'^um , Ph 


 n- 


"v'.va-.'.a; ' - - 


: .-t.« 


..f Ki'lsiim 


m 



and Yuma pomts — Cio\Ts, .Sew Mexicr, 

(exchange'. 

WiutuiN, Saml-el E., Chicago: 1 
Chinese manuscript — Tunhuang, 
Kansu, China (purchase). 



4.^ 



Accessions 



435 



DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY— ACCESSIONS 



Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 50 speci- 
mens of algae (gift); 13 plant specimens, 
38 cryptogamic specimens (exchange). 

Adcock, Captain Thomas A., Col- 
lege Station, Texas: 12 wood specimens 
(gift). 

Allen, Paul H., Balboa, Canal 
Zone: 223 specimens of Panama plants 
(gift). 

Archer-Daniels Midland Com- 
pany, Chicago: 42 samples of soybean 
products (gift). 

Arkansas Agricultural and Me- 
chanical College (Department of 
Botany), Monticello, Arkansas: 576 
specimens of Arkansas plants (gift). 

Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, 
Massachusetts: 752 plant specimens 
(exchange). 

Artamanoff, Mr. and Mrs. George, 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 33 wood 
specimens (gift). 

Bangham, Walter N., Ashmont, 
Massachusetts: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Bauer, Bill, Webster Groves, Mis- 
souri: 22 specimens of Missouri plants 
(gift). 

Blake, Emmet R., Chicago: 1 plant 
specimen (gift). 

Blomquist, Dr. Hugo L., Durham, 
North Carolina: 2 cryptogamic speci- 
mens (gift). 

Bold, Dr. Harold C, New York: 
43 specimens of algae (gift); 20 speci- 
mens of algae (exchange). 

Bondar, Dr. Gregorio, Bahia, 
Brazil: 6 palm specimens, 7 economic 
specimens, 20 photographs, 5 publica- 
tions (gift). 

Boulton, Rudyerd, Chicago: 12 
plant specimens (gift). 

Bracelin, Mrs. H. P., Berkeley, 
California: 4 plant specimens (gift). 

Brigham Young University (De- 
partment of Botany), Provo, Utah: 11 
plant specimens (gift). 

Bromund, Dr. E. F., Mount Pleas- 
ant, Michigan: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brook- 
lyn, New York: 1 plant specimen (ex- 
change). 

Butcher, Devereux, Washington, 
D.C.: 20 cryptogamic specimens (gift). 

Byrnes, Sister Mary Leo, Atlantic 
City, New Jersey: 1 cryptogamic speci- 
men (gift). 



California Academy of Sciences, 
San Francisco, California: 2 plant 
specimens (gift); 243 plant specimens 
(exchange). 

Carnegie Institution of Wash- 
ington (Division of Plant Biology), 
Stanford University, California: 121 
plant specimens (gift). 

Caylor, Dr. R. L., Cleveland, Mis- 
sissippi: 6 specimens of algae (gift). 

Chandler, A. C, Kirkwood, Mis- 
souri: 2 specimens of ferns (gift). 

Clark, Dr. H. Walton, San Fran- 
cisco, California: 1 plant specimen 
(gift). 

Clemens, Mrs. Mary S., Lae, 
Morobe, New Guinea: 1 plant speci- 
men (gift). 

Clover, Dr. Elzada U., Ann Arbor, 
Michigan: 20 specimens of algae (gift). 

Conard, Dr. Henry C, Grinnell, 
Iowa: 80 specimens of hepaticae (gift). 

Cooke, Dr. William Bridge, San 
Francisco, California: 4 specimens of 
algae (gift); 197 specimens of Cali- 
fornia plants (exchange). 

Cooper, I. C. G., Westerleigh, 
Staten Island, New York: 2 specimens 
of algae (gift). 

Cory, V. L., Sonora, Texas: 4 plant 
specimens (gift). 

Covington, D. M., La Grande, 
Washington: 1 log, 2 boards of alder 
(gift). 

Crosby, Miss Grace, Providence, 
Rhode Island: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Cutler, Dr. Hugh, St. Louis, 
Missouri: 193 plant specimens (gift). 

Dahlgren, Dr. B. E., Chicago: 4 
ivory nut carvings; a collection of 
palms and economic specimens (gift). 

Daily, William A., Cincinnati, 
Ohio: 143 specimens of algae (gift). 

Daston, Joseph, Chicago: 2 speci- 
mens of cacti (gift). 

Davis, Professor Ray J., Pocatello, 
Idaho: 49 specimens of Idaho plants 
(gift). 

Deam, Charles C, Bluffton, Indi- 
ana: 10 plant specimens (gift). 

Deevey, E. S., Jr., Houston, Texas: 
40 specimens of algae (gift). 

Demaree, Dr. Delzie, Monticello, 
Arkansas: 204 specimens of Arkansas 
plants (gift). 



136 FiKi.1) MrsKiM OF Natural History Kkih)rts. Vol. 12 



tBix. mr-h. a. c. • 

1 v.ailo of Kaun gum (g 

D N. Mr-S. D. M.. Ali£*rh 

T" • ' . IfiC plant 

k- flnjg mat«^- 



Dk. V.  " ' 



 T. 



lrr>-l 

DRorKT, I>R. Kramis. < nira^i)-. M8 
njKH" — '- ' •" ••• '.•■"' ■,'''• 

|> :nont of 

1 ' arulina: 12 

l>-- ..::-•■ i „  

Dywas. Henry S.. rhira«o: 73 .ipeci- 
mrtv^ of rr>*pt<>uam 

Ki.u.s. R»:v. 1 Carara5. 

Vrnpzupla: 39.H -tj of Vene- 

7 ' ' 

,1 nr A -:«:■"'•! Tt"RA, 



ima. 



■; [)lani ••• 

pr : 25 



r 



and 



! in. .>' 

•t 

Collorted by Ijpon Mandpl Galapagos 
F.xp' ' • 2 plant sp-- 

f >.v IV Kr . Ponnpll 

•h Am«'nran 



CollrrtiHi by Paul C. 



maiaii piaiit.-<. 

r*o!lrrt»Ki by Dr. Julian A ^' 
mark. l.OOO ^porimpnin of 
plants. 

roUprled by Vr ... ^l 

Valrnn R.: 249 s • "'••n» of Conta 
Rican plants. 

/• r.,..„.i i.y IJewrlyn Williams: 
. of planu* from Vpn«»- 

Tran.<«ferred from D«>partm*»nt of 
Gpoioey: 7 foawlixed wotkI <ip<H-impns. 



2 pla 

r..v.I)R • • 

I/ouLiiana: 

F^VK. Dr. 

\v. ).■■ ,'■ .n- 1:: , 

. rK<»Kf>vS4>R A 
i'lty. Itah: 1<" 
of lUh plantfl ({(ift*. 



" • '.; 1.216 

. i 1.416 

Mpxico: 33 plant 

A. 

! !*HtSO rntlPANY, 



ittJr, 

•VtP* 



Mi»- 



r 



jjamjf ^pm- 
. „ . 13 photo- 
ant specimen.* — 



Gi.iDUKS Company, Tmk ".Soya Prnd- 
• '' /•!.__ jQ gpecimena 

G<»snoRN. H.. . Illinois: 1 

specimen of fungij- ^..i . 

Gov" t». P^ANK W.. St. George. I'lah: 
*^n» of Pacific coast plmnts 

Graham. Dr. V. O., Chicago: 102 

^pecimen5 of funjti (gifti. 

'-RAY. M- ^ ■— • "^ ' -' --n. im- 
: KM) s; 

CJray Hkrbariim, CambndK*-. Ma.»- 
.;,.. .. .. . . . ,-raph.s. 261 plant 

(iRKKNnER<;. .\i.nKRT, Tampa, 
Florida: 1 plant specimen (gift-. 

Grecc, Maj»»r Clif>t)rd C. Chi^ 
cago: 6 cryptogamic specimens 

(, Dr. T '" -t- 

lari'.. .. :i: 12 rr. . ui 

(gift). 

" : M. J.. V - - ;e, 
imens of ai>;.i. ,; t). 

Manna. Dr. Leo. Centralia, Waib- 

,;• • '. i'".Tit specimen (gift). 

 'KH.ItK ^ ' 'vn M.. rni%*ersit>. 
a: f>A • ns of Alabama 

lir„,.,n.  V». loSAI. DE VeKESUBLA, 

Caracas. \ i: 4 plant gpedme na 

^gift . 

Hermann. Dr. Kreoerick J., Wash- 
ington. D.C.: 45 plant specimens (ex- 

... ..iER,«5. Henry. Short Hills, New 
Jersey: 1 cr>-ptogamic specimen (gift). 

!' :. Dr. Qr/^Kc.r. J.. Red- 

lar. rnia: 104 specimens of 

algae (exchangev 



Accessions 



437 



HOOGSTRAAL, Dr. Harry, Urbana, 
Illinois: 1,732 specimens of Mexican 
plants (gift). 

HuNNEWELL, FRANCIS W., Wellesley, 
Massachusetts: 3 plant specimens (gift). 

Illinois State Museum, Spring- 
field, Illinois: 437 specimens of Illinois 
plants (gift). 

Institut Botanique, Universite 
DE Montreal, Montreal, Canada: 70 
specimens of cryptogams (exchange). 

Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, 
Bogota, Colombia: 2 plant specimens 

(gift). 

Instituto del Museo (Department 
of Botany), La Plata, Argentina: 61 
specimens of Argentinean plants (gift); 
57 specimens of Argentinean plants 
(exchange). 

Instituto Miguel Lillo, Tucuman, 
Argentina: 2,256 specimens of Argen- 
tinean plants (exchange). 

Johnston, Dr. John R., Chimalte- 
nango, Guatemala: 102 specimens of 
Guatemalan plants (gift). 

Junge, Dr. Carlos, Concepcion, 
Chile: 30 plant specimens (gift). 

Kahl, Edward, Chicago: 4 speci- 
mens of soybean products (gift). 

Kenoyer, Professor Leslie A., 
Kalamazoo, Michigan: 21 specimens of 
Mexican plants (gift). 

Kiener, Dr. Walter, Lincoln, Ne- 
braska: 447 specimens of algae (gift). 

King, Lawrence J., Chicago: 150 
specimens of algae Cgift). 

Kleerekoper, Dr. Herman, Sao 
Paulo, Brazil: 45 specimens of algae 

(gift). 

Koch, Herbert L., Princeton, Mis- 
souri: 2 plant specimens (gift). 

Krukoff, Boris A., New York: 
1,146 wood specimens (exchange). 

Langlois, a. C, Nassau, Bahamas: 
4 plant specimens, 59 photographs 

(gift). 

Lankester, C. H., Cartago, Costa 
Rica: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Lanouette, Mlle Cecile, Mon- 
treal, Canada: 2 specimens of algae 

(gift). 

Lawrance, Alexander E., Barinas, 
Venezuela: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Liggett, William E., University 
City, Missouri: 7 plant specimens (gift). 



Lindauer, Dr. V. W., Awanui, Far 
North, New Zealand: 43 specimens of 
algae (gift). 

LuMMis, Private S. B., Camp Bland- 
ing, Florida: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

McBryde, Dr. F. Webster, Berke- 
ley, California: 29 specimens of Mexi- 
can plants (gift). 

McFarlin, James B., Sebring, 
Florida: 4 plant specimens (gift). 

Maddox, R. S., JefiFerson City, Mis- 
souri: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Maldonado, Professor Angel, 
Lima, Peru: 76 cryptogamic specimens 
(gift). 

Meyer, Professor Teodoro, Tucu- 
man, Argentina: 16 plant specimens 
(gift). 

Milwaukee Public Museum, Mil- 
waukee, Wisconsin: 225 specimens of 
Wisconsin plants (exchange). 

Missouri Botanical Garden, St. 
Louis, Missouri: 47 specimens of cryp- 
togams, 270 specimens of plants from 
Panama (exchange). 

Montana State University (Her- 
barium), Missoula, Montana: 5 speci- 
mens of algae (exchange). 

Moore, George, Sullivan, Missouri: 
20 plant specimens (gift). 

Moore, Harold H., Notre Dame, 
Indiana: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Morgan, Rev. Michael, St. Ber- 
nard, Alabama: 4 plant specimens (gift). 

Museo Nacional, San Jose, Costa 
Rica: 649 specimens of Costa Rican 
plants (gift). 

New York Botanical Garden, 
New York: 758 specimens of cryp- 
togams (exchange). 

Northrop King and Company, Min- 
neapolis, Minnesota: 9 ears of hybrid 
corn (gift). 

OsoRio Tafall, B. F., Mexico City, 
Mexico: 1 cryptogamic specimen (gift). 

Pacheco H., Mariano, Guatemala 
City, Guatemala: 59 photographic 
prints (gift). 

Palmer, Dr. C. Mervin, Indian- 
apolis, Indiana: 23 specimens of algae 
(gift). 

Pearsall, Gordon, Chicago: 16 
plant specimens (gift). 

Peggs, Dr. a. Deans, Nassau, 
Bahamas: 2 plant specimens (gift). 

Pierce, Dr. E. Lowe, Welaka, 
Florida: 7 specimens of algae (gift). 



438 FiKU) MrsKiM of Natlral Histdky Rkkorts. Vol. 12 



planbi (gtfti. 

PoSfB. Joofi M . M.xir.. rily. 
Moiicu 37 iip«cinM>nH of M<'xi.-«n plantj* 
(fi(t). 

Prkstott. Dr. (J. W.. Al»)i<.n. 
MirhiKan: 32 '•prnmi'tw nf ult*f 'itiftt. 

PiRmK I j)artrTH'nt of 

P-' !' ' ' ' -i-. ......taa: 6 plant 

KKKi». t,"t.'ii»K T.. < 

49 "ipecimon-M of cr> ; ^. ^ • 

86 specjmpnji of cr>*ptoj{arTV«t rxrhangr . 

R; 'K. K. (I . '■'• N-ton. 

D.C ' iv* of alga- ^ 

KicHAKiw. Donald. Chirago: 981 

sporimrns of rr>'pt /iff. 

Ki)Ih;kr.><. Mrs. i ..^....i^-i. Highland 
Park, lUinolt: 1 plant sp<>cimon (gift). 

RtWKSr.tRTT. 

Montevi''"-' T - , . 
men^ i k 

RfNK. I>K H. K. D.. It 

Vin;'"' « "'*•' ^fM•l■im<'n■t ' . , . 
cha! , 

R Hrowris. 

TcXJ- _ -• ,.- ■' Ti'ta-. p . 

(exchange). 



< ISO, 



mens of Costa Riran plant.<< 



\g..i 



SCHMII»T. Kruh F.. Chicago: 3' 
specimpn.'* of plants from Iran (gifl>. 



ScHSRiDRR. Richard A.. Kankak(><>. 
Illinois: 16 npocimeai of IlltnoU plantn 
• gift). 

J?r|KVTirir On. COMPOUKDINC CoM- 
' ^'o: 2 upecinien* of 

SBt.tJ^, Rmii.. Chicago: 5 plant apeci- 

mra^ (gift>. 

.:.,...,.,t. i>., L . ,., t- rhicago: 113 

Smith. Dr. t M., i 

rni\f>r!»ity, Ca., ,.,...«. 1 cr> j. ;»,....  
■pecimen (gift >. 

iw. Dr W. G.. T y of 

V. • T ..,.„., .^^^ '. .,,4 A. 

Daim. i: 96 sprrimrn.o 

of algae ^^ ,; »cift). 

«:. .t VI i>  . ..M)R J.. Lima, Peru: 
' Peru%-ian plants (gift). 



ot Vucat&n planu (gtft). 

S4»y-Rkan I'roi. ""M- 

.ago: 13 lamplm < l- 

UClJI (gif* 

Stai.ki M \srrA«TiRiso fv-vY, 
A. K., (:. .li: ■; 1 ^mplo of 
gift 

.STANm.K'i, I'ai : C rhi.«|?<i 8 
plant spccimonfl (i: 

STASt»i.KY. 1 Ago. and 

Dr. Jt i.ias a . Bamng- 

tnn. Iltinoui: 2.U00 plant •pecimens 
(gift I. 

Stevens, Dr. Oris A., Farso. North 
Dakota: 1 plant n; 'gi>t». 

Steykrmark, Di. «... .Mrs. Jili*^ 
A.. Harrington. Illinoi.^: 2 .ipecimerw 
algao igift . 

Struki-anu. J. C. Charlottesville, 
Virginia: IIS specimens of algae (ez- 
rhangoi. 

Tajt. Dr. ClarKSCK E.. Columbus, 
Ohio: 1 cryptt>gamic specimen (gift). 

Tayi • 'm Wii.iiAM R.. Ann 
.\rlK)r.  m: 12 .'•p«>nm<T..t of alga* 

gift'. 

Texa.s Ar.RiriLTlB*! PTPrHiurvT 
Station. Tomple, Tpj 
of Texa"* and .\ntona j 

Tressler. Dr. W; 
Park. Mar>-land: 7 specimens of aJgae i 
gift . 

Tryon. Dr Robert M.. Jr.. Fn 
landville, 400 specimens ol 

Indiana pl.i '. hange*. 

TmNQiiST. Donau>. Cedar I.*k 
Indiana: 1 wc- 

A.. I. 

[ex 

L'nitkp States Dki'artvest of 
Ar,Rirt.i.TniE ( For- -• ^'- lucU Labora- 
lor>'). .Madi.'ion. in: 1 plant 

I V liiBs Labora- 

tory. I>ogan, I lah: 22u specimens of 
algae (gift '. 
rvTTFP St*tw« Nationai. Musbum, 
57 co'ptoSi^*nic 
^ " rr.ptogamic speci- 

men-'*. ISO ph • ,.-.; prints. 825 

-■.--■—r '' - »:„j South Ameri- 

; :j\ <ir ' 'parl- 

mc:.: . ...<tany). ; -..iomia: 

5 plant sperimen.'. 55 cryptogamic 



Accessions 



439 



specimens (gift) ; 842 cryptogamic speci- 
mens (exchange). 

University of Chicago (Depart- 
ment of Botany), Chicago: 7,285 speci- 
mens of fungi (gift). 

University of Illinois (Depart- 
ment of Botany), Urbana, Illinois: 1 
plant specimen (gift). 

University of Kentucky (Depart- 
ment of Botany), Lexington, Kentucky: 
1 plant specimen (gift). 

University of Michigan (Her- 
barium), Ann Arbor, Michigan: 335 
specimens of cryptogams, 620 plant 
specimens (exchange). 

University of Pennsylvania (De- 
partment of Botany), Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania: 116 specimens of plants 
(exchange). 

University of the Philippines, De- 
partment of Botany), Manila, PhiUp- 
pine Islands: 212 specimens of algae 
(exchange). 

Utah State Agricultural Col- 
lege, Logan, Utah: 153 photographic 
prints of asters (exchange). 

Vargas G., Dr. Cesar, Cuzco, Peru: 
64 plant specimens, 15 ears of Peruvian 
corn (gift). 

Vatter, Albert, Glenview, Illinois: 
7 plant specimens (gift). 

Vaughan's Seed Store, Chicago: 
1 plant specimen (gift). 

VoGL, Rev. Padre Cornelius, Ca- 
racas, Venezuela: 633 specimens of 
Venezuelan plants (gift). 

Walp, Dr. Lee, Marietta, Ohio: 68 
specimens of algae (gift). 

Wanger, Kenneth A., O'Neals, 
California: 2 plant specimens (gift). 

Welch, Dr. W. B., Carbondale, 
Illinois: 6 cryptogamic specimens (gift). 

Welch, Dr. Winona H., Green- 
castle, Indiana: 51 specimens of mosses 
(exchange). 



Welsh, J. L., Laclede, Missouri: 5 
plant specimens (gift). 

Weyerhaeuser Timber Company, 
Longview, Washington: 3 specimens of 
Sitka spruce (gift). 

Wheeler, Dr. Louis C, Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania: 1 cryptogamic 
specimen (gift). 

White River Lumber Company, 
Enumclaw, Washington: 1 log section, 
1 flitch (gift). 

Williams, Llewelyn, Chicago: 1 
specimen of Ceroxylon wax, 6 plant 
specimens (gift). 

Windsor, A. S., Chicago: 1 plant 
specimen (gift). 

Wolf, Rev. Brother Wolfgang, 
St. Bernard, Alabama: 1 plant specimen 

(gift). 

WoLLE, Philip W., Princess Anne, 
Maryland, and Dr. Francis Drouet, 
Chicago: 164 specimens of cryptogams 

(gift). 

Wood, Carroll E., Jr., Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania: 1 cryptogamic specimen 

(gift). 

Wood-Mosaic Company, Louisville, 
Kentucky: 2 specimens of Claro walnut 

(gift). 

WOODWORTH, Dr. R. H., Bennington, 
Vermont: 274 specimens of plants from 
the Virgin Islands (gift). 

WoYTKOWSKi, Felix, Lima, Peru: 
38 specimens of Peruvian plants (gift). 

Yale University (School of For- 
estry), New Haven, Connecticut: 4 
plant specimens (gift); 905 wood speci- 
mens (exchange). 

Yuncker, Professor Truman G., 
Greencastle, Indiana: 3 plant specimens 
(gift). 

Zetek, James, Balboa, Canal Zone: 
22 specimens of Panama plants (gift). 



DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY— ACCESSIONS 



Adle, Marshall J., Mishawaka, 
Indiana: 1 specimen of halloysite var. 
indianite — Lawrence County, Indiana 
(gift). 

Barber, C. M., Hot Springs, Ar- 
kansas: 9 specimens of fossil verte- 
brates — Arkansas (gift). 

Barnes, 0. C, Los Angeles, Cali- 
fornia: 1 Mexican onyx cross — Death 
Valley, California (gift). 



Barton, Dr. R. F., Manila, Philip- 
pine Islands: 12 specimens of tektites — 
Batabolani, Camarines Norte, Philip- 
pine Islands (gift). 

Bascom, Willard, Golden, Colorado: 
2 specimens of rare minerals — Colorado 
(gift). 

Becker, A. H., Madison, Wisconsin: 
6 specimens of anorthoclase moonstone 
— Wausau, Wisconsin (gift). 



440 FlKI.I) MlSKlM OK N'aTIRAL HISTuRY KKIt)KTS. VOL. 12 



B4> Ago: 24 

niTUfM. JoHV. Ooldrn. Colormdo 
1 triphyllite Canon 

( ... :-.. ..-: . 

Caivrmt, Kahi I,. San (Jabnol. 

of minerals 



CHAPVAV, PRAKris n , I^.« Ariei>li«i. 



(' 

or 



San Diego County, California (gift). 



bratc (ooail— vanouA localiues (gift). 

ties (gift 

('■ .. •-..... 
oufl loraiitieii (gift). 

. Knwtv 
( 3 sp*. 

and ray in matrix Hotchki<w, Colorado 
(gift'. 

FiBLn M fSKlM OF N ATfRAI, H IRTORY : 

CollcrttHl by Dr. Sharat K. Roy .i 1 

Henry H - (Field ^' 

lof^iral F .n to 1 



it 



Collected bv Brvan Pattenion. James 



IT 




1940" 

Gurdun. 

t 1 .IT 








V 




A* 






South 


Dakota 




skeletal 


N« 


bra.'tka 

t 


>Hin 


■/ 


<»<-)- 



A 

don mitjur. 

-r-~- 'rrred fr — *'-- " r'artmenl of 
/ 4 marr- 

Made in Vertebrate Pa • 

pi. • ' of m* 

— Ur 'H of 7 

rm*~ '■ >akota 



"B. Rat ;.. 

.1 - ;mens <■: ^ .i« 

•ar Rapid City. South 



1 '.tf 
(, 



 ! I. 



Dos, IVtrntt, Mirhigan: 1 
and cfTe»tile 

- .„.. . ..;. ;. . A. i.ange . 

Cf At imr.ATM. Kf'Wiv C . A>hmon>. 

I  •«. 

1 

iVII'A.SV, 

Gentz, O. a., Chicago: I i 

' ' it*— near Duluth. Mn -ie- 

Gi.KA.«*<»s. Ckdric M.. 

D.C.: 2 turquoia specin,- ... ...h 

Station, Virginia (gift). 

Grksky. Dr. r T. Chicago: 

4 step-rut white b« 't '. 

GiLos. Steves. .1 Mexican 

X heart San Rafael, Argentina 

HARTFORtvKMPIRE COMPANY. Hart- 
ford, Connecticut: 1 pwudo-ineteoritc 

(gift). 

HoD«os. Gles H., Elmhumt, III; 

• '"i mens various locaii- 

Moc.LE, CuuiON. Duluth. Minnesota 
■!ien of thomsonite — Lake Sup* 

r , t I. 

Holt, Kdwaro L.. Grand Junctioi 
'  > fowil shells- Grand 
rado 'gift^: 2 mineral 
{ni-imetw I'lah 1 ,• 

•u-Kl.EY. A. M. •■ TT, 

I 1 phyMcal . 
' heyenne River, Stiuli) L>akula tgift 

.'••ka 
Spriiiii-, .-^rkaii.'v^-' ^got'. 

' •;. A. v.. Chicago: I cher; 

.ir .Au.otin. Texan (gift). 

I.RK. Hf.sry K.. Rapid City. .'- 

''-' *~. ' — T) of algal ag-i- 

Dakota gift . 

Mather. Bryant. Jr.. Chicago: 2 
..... — ... / " ^ -rlaae- Virginia and 

.MEAI>K. tiRAYSON. Au.^tin. T' ' • 



William K., ' 
... cabochons- v,!.,' 



j9 



Accessions 



441 



MoRONEY, John J., and Cqmpany, 
Chicago: 19 specimens of refractories 
(gift). 

Nichols, Henry W., Chicago: 6 
specimens illustrating uses of fiuorite 
and nitrates (gift). 

Nininger, Dr. H. H., Denver, Colo- 
rado: 1 polished slice of Wiley mete- 
orite — Wiley, Colorado (exchange). 

PucCETTi, S. C, Chicago: 1 quartz- 
filled chalcedony geode — Cuba, Illinois 
(gift). 

QuiNN, Mrs. Clayton, Ainsworth, 
Nebraska: 1 tooth of fossil elephant, 
Stegomastodon primitivus — Ainsworth, 
Nebraska (exchange). 

Quinn, James H., Chicago: skeleton 
of fossil rhinoceros, Teleoceras — Ains- 
worth, Nebraska (gift). 

RiCHMAN, A. G., La Crosse, Wiscon- 
sin: 1 insect in copal — Africa (gift). 

Ries, Rev. Michael M., Chicago: 
5 geodes and parts of geodes — Iowa 

(gift). 

RiNEHART, William G., Batesville, 
Arkansas: 5 mineral specimens— Bates- 
ville, Arkansas (gift). 



Ryland, Charles S., Golden, Colo- 
rado: 3 mineral specimens — New Mexico 
(gift). 

Salo, 0. J., Red Lodge, Montana: 
8 specimens of dahlite — Lovell, Wyo- 
ming (gift). 

Sargent, E. H., and Company, Chi- 
cago: 7 specimens of refractories (gift). 

Simmons, Corbett, Elberton, 
Georgia: 1 specimen of meteorite, 1 
specimen of meteorite shale — Smith- 
sonia, Georgia (gift). 

Skelly, John, South Milwaukee, 
Wisconsin: 4 specimens of nickel ore — 
Ontario, Canada (gift). 

United States Gypsum Company, 
Chicago : 8 specimens of sheet rock (gift) . 

University of Chicago, Chicago: 
skull and jaws of Eporeodon — Hat Creek 
Basin, Wyoming (gift); 1 mountable 
skeleton of Pareiosaurus — South Africa 
(exchange). 

Thacker, Mrs. Clarice, Wood- 
stock, Illinois: 6 specimens of Equus — 
Woodstock, Illinois (gift). 

Wagner, Miss Sherry, Northfield, 
Illinois: 1 specimen of pyrite and 
marcasite — Northfield, Illinois (gift). 



DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY— ACCESSIONS 



Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 1 coral 
snake — Peru (exchange). 

American Museum of Natural 
History, New York: 2 lots of tadpoles 
— China (gift); 2 rodents, 3 bird skins, 
5 alligators — various localities (ex- 
change). 

Anderson, Arthur C, Chesterton, 
Indiana: 1 massasauga — Indiana (gift). 

Armour, P. D., Lake Bluff, Illinois: 
1 snake — Lake Bluff, Illinois (gift). 

Armstrong, Ursel S., Berkeley, 
California: 26 insects — Arabia (gift). 

Baerg, Dr. W. J., Fayetteville, 
Arkansas: 2 scorpions — Mexico (gift). 

Barber, C. M., Hot Springs, Ar- 
kansas: 45 salamanders, 4 lizards, 7 
snakes, 2 box turtles, 1 tortoise skeleton 
— Arkansas (gift). 

Bard, F. N., Chicago: 1 mounted 
bear — British Columbia (gift). 

j Barger, Dr. J. D., Linton, North 
^ Dakota: 1 wildcat skin — Arabia (gift). 

Bascom, Mrs. Erika, Evanston, Illi- 
I nois: 5 lizards— Morelos, Mexico (gift). 



Becker, Robert H., Chicago: 1 
albino crow — Richmond, Illinois (gift). 

Beecher, William J., Chicago: 5 
fishes, 204 insects — Chicago region 
(gift). 

Bessom, Leonard C, Los Angeles, 
California: 20 beetles — Ellsworth, Kan- 
sas (gift). 

Best, Miss Elizabeth, Glencoe, Illi- 
nois: 1 pseudoscorpion — Glencoe, Illi- 
nois (gift). 

Best, Mrs. E. O., Glencoe, Illinois: 
1 camel cricket — Glencoe, Illinois (gift). 

Bishop, Dr. Louis B., Pasadena, 
California: 1,180 bird skins — North 
America (gift). 

Bishop, Dr. Sherman C, Rochester, 
New York: 40 salamanders — various 
localities (exchange). 

Braidwood, Robert J., Chicago: 
94 shells — Syria (exchange). 

Breder, Charles, New York: 60 
fishes — Lee County, Florida (gift). 

Briscoe, M. S., Harpers Ferry, 
West Virginia: 4 beetles — Harpers 
Ferry, West Virginia (gift). 



442 FiKi.i) MirsKi'M of Nati'Ral Histduy RKn)RTs. Vol. 12 



. Mirl. fl). 

Hk>>%vn, Mks. a. W.. port Ivi 
Trxa.i; •> maniu* xhclU. I manin" » 
Port litabol. Tpxmn (gift). 

.. Mk. and MR-h. I.. F.. ' 
K ..... I manalw akull, 4 du>- 
1 (l-«h. 1 spider Florida (fiftK 

'.. Hryck C, .\tjttin, Tpxa.": I 
r. iKo Tpxa.* (gift '. 

Hhows, Lawrence F.. Napl«'!«, 
f 60 tree-sinaiU— noulhorn 

K. .. ... £\tO. 

Bi-DTos. Rohkrt a . Kvan-ilon, Illi- 
n frogT*. 14 

s: -  -: . t). 

CaMPBRM.. GROROK R . Rjn Pirdra.-*. 
Puerto Rir«i: 1 lot froR 

•mbrym, I fm^. 47 •-* 

Puerto Rirti (g\U). 

('aRI-s<)\. V' 
Glen Kllyn. i 
cmt (gift 

C\  " '■ 

Pom . . 

- ith Carolina and Kionna icx- 

I )i.tii{(e '. 

ruiCACo AcAnrMY or SriES<>2*. 
Chirago: I wal»- Toxa.'*; 10 bat- 

flea.^ variot! ' '.'-'t >. 

CmrACo/ ;CTY. Prr>ok- 

fiold. Illinois: J.l mammais, 1 5 
1 ' - — '. 15 .Hnako.H, 1 turtle 
1. (gift). 

(■hri.stksskn. Rk<;nar IUs<;. \' a 
York: 1 Kuropoan .'•wallnw »• ■• 
Grwnland (gift). 

rif2<i.AK. Knwis S.. rhirag.. 
gart#'r tnake .ikin-i Illinou* and VS a. ;. 
ington (gift). 

Clark. ^' .\. N\ 

Nigeria: 1 m Nigrr... .. 

Clark. P. J. and R. Isobr. South 
Haven. Michigan: 1 onake Georgia 
(gift>. 

Ct \RK. Dr. W. G.. Minneapoli<i. 
N' -a: 2 toad«i Santiago, Cuba 

Cols. Lamovtb C. Chicago: 4 land 
abdb— Illinois (gift). 

Color • »«..-.., or Nattrm 
HtftToR' -ado: 1 lizard 

Ha) ama I-u»ii-i-. gMt'. 

CoLTON. Mr.« ■r..^r,... ,•.... ,^r»: 1 
mar'h hawk ( 



'irago: 1 bat 
Kins. 1 bird 
.anouji lormlitteA (gift). 

!. 



< '■.\rs. Dr. Ja« k p.. Chirago: 1 
brown criH'p^T Chirago fgift>. 

CRAsriALi., Robert H., ". Ari- 

' • )" in.M.TLH %'anouj» l" - "X- 

tK>-'v'<MAN, Harry. St. C' - h 

Dakota: .1 lir.-ir.Is T  '^ 

DakoU (gift). 

C' igu. 11 tiathe* 

(, . 

Davls Dr. David, Rio de Janeiro. 
Rrazil: 4 birds Rritish Guiana (gift). 

Davis. D. Dwk.ht, N'.irx r.illf. Illi- 
nois: 6 small mammal 
1 spider Colorado; 51 -tiiim.-T. inlt^^^%* 
(gift). 

Davis. \V. n.C .Texan: 

4.1 birtl'* Mexico • 

Dkmarkr. Dr I . Montic«»no, 

\' . r .ti: 16 •^- Arkan-sas 'i: '• 

I (KK.SDEL. N! ' ' vRY, Naper. u.' 

Illinois: 1 bull Illinois (gift). 

Dybas, Hf.nri .s.. « T in- 

.socLs and allies variou. gift^ 

Dyba.s, Mr.1. Milada. Chicago: _ 
birds Chi' tt. 

^>-^'^" ' . Chicago: 12 weevil* 

: . Mattov. De Beque. Colo 
r.i : . . . rts Colorado (gift). 
KlCTfl. W. E.. Chicago HeighLs. Ii; 



:sos. Dr. Alfred E., Chicag' 
1 .lir.ake Honda v: ' 

Field. Dr. Hks.^.. Washington. 

D.C; 1 Fowler's toad. 2.S1 in.secLs and 

 es. 1 landaheU k 

Field Mr."iEiM OF NATtTULHL«rroR^ 
( t R. Blake: .3 

you: .^ ^ 

Cnllixned by Emmet R. Blake and 
Jr. (.Soutiiwcdt 



ted by 
A. T- 

a' Kt: 19 mammal^ 

177 - 1.x" egg^. f^S bird 

•■  ■..-. .3 salamar''' "■= 

.6 snakes w. 

Co||e<ned by Dr. ?'ranci.s Drouf 
(Field Museum Expedition to Sonora 



Accessions 



443 



and Southwestern United States, 1939- 
40): 159 marine and fresli-water shells 
— southwestern United States and 
northern Mexico. 

Collected by Henry S. Dybas: 103 
insects and close allies — Illinois. 

Collected by W. E. Eigsti: 24 mam- 
mals — Illinois. 

Collected by Albert J. Franzen and 
W. E. Eigsti: 2 mammals — Illinois. 

Collected by William J. Gerhard and 
Rupert L. Wenzel: 165 bird lice — vari- 
ous localities. 

Collected by Dr. Fritz Haas (Pacific 
Coast Zoological Expedition): 1 lizard, 
15 fishes, 3,000 marine invertebrates — 
coast of California. 

Collected by Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, 
Rudyerd Boulton, Loren P. Woods, 
Leon L. Walters, Melvin Traylor, Jr. 
and Ronald Lambert (Leon Mandel 
Galapagos Expedition): 19 mammal 
skins and skulls, 8 separate mammal 
skulls, 429 bird skins, 3 sets of eggs, 
3 bird nests, 3 bird skeletons, 3 lots 
of birds in alcohol, 1 toad, 138 lizards, 
5 snakes, 1 turtle, 1,955 fishes, 280 
insects and allies, 400 miscellaneous 
invertebrates — various localities. 

Collected by Bryan Patterson and 
James H. Quinn (Field Museum Paleon- 
tological Expedition to Western Colo- 
rado): 73 insects, 36 land shells — Colo- 
rado. 

Collected by Bryan Patterson and 
John M. Schmidt (Field Museum 
Paleontological Expedition to Western 
Colorado): 14 lizards, 10 snakes — 
Colorado. 

Collected by Clififord H. Pope and 
family: 5 snakes — Illinois. 

Collected by Karl P. Schmidt: 12 
tongue worms — various localities. 

Collected by Karl P. Schmidt and 
John M. Schmidt (field trip to Arkansas 
and Texas): 33 salamanders, 59 frogs, 
56 lizards, 68 snakes, 29 turtles, 181 
insects and allies — southwest; 35 land 
shells — Texas. 

Collected by Karl P. Schmidt and 
Colin C. Sanborn (Field Museum 
Magellanic Expedition): 7 fishes — Co- 
lombia. 

Collected by Paul C. Standley 
(Stanley Field Botanical Expedition to 
Guatemala, 1940-41): 35 insects, 22 
land and fresh-water shells — Guate- 
mala. 



Collected by Alfred C. Weed: 826 
fishes, 15 beetles, 48 marine inverte- 
brates — Beaufort, North Carolina. 

Collected by Rupert L. Wenzel: 1,281 
insects and allies — Chicago region. 

Collected by Rupert L. Wenzel and 
Henry S. Dybas: 867 insects and allies 
— various localities. 

Collected by Frank C. Wonder 
(Fourth Hoogstraal Mexican Expedi- 
tion): 251 mammal skins and skulls, 
69 mammals in alcohol, 38 mammal 
skeletons, 1 rattlesnake skull — Mexico. 

Purchases: 394 birds — Australia; 67 
mammal skins with 58 skulls and 2 
skeletons, 4,787 bird skins — Bolivia; 37 
mammals, 354 bird skins, 776 beetles — 
Brazil; 23 lizards — Cahfornia; 3 puma 
skins and skulls — Chile; 71 hawks and 
owls — Colombia; 90 hawks and owls — 
Ecuador; 745 insects, 5 milUpedes, 
8 snakes, 2 sharks — Florida; 67 hawks 
and owls — India; 1 red fox skin and 
skull — Indiana; 6 alligator snapping 
turtles and 6 hatchlings — Louisiana; 
26 mammal skulls — Maine; 18 hawks 
and owls — Manchukuo; 15 mammal 
skins and 14 skulls, 232 birds, 6 frogs, 
26 lizards, 226 snakes — Mexico; 50 
bird skins — Paraguay; 115 bats in 
alcohol, 8 tadpoles, 237 frogs, 6 snakes 
— Peru; 58 hawks and owls — Somali- 
land and India; 21 snakes — Texas; 
17,448 insects and allies— United States 
and Mexico; 1 mute swan; 101 bird 
skins, 50 amphibians, 14 lizards, 26 
snakes, 9 turtles — various localities; 
15,000 beetles — various parts of the 
world; 1,049 bird skins— West Africa; 

2 wolf skeletons — Wisconsin. 
Franzen, Albert J., Chicago: 4 

flies — Chicago (gift). 

Friesser, Julius, Chicago: 1 flat- 
fish—Florida; 4 louse-flies, 1 fresh-water 
bryozoan — Illinois (gift). 

Frizzell, Mrs. H. E., Negritos, 
Peru: 1 lizard, 2 snakes— Puira, Peru 
(gift). 

Fromm Brothers, Hamburg, Wis- 
consin: 5 foxes— Hamburg, Wisconsin 
(gift). 

Gemmill, Mrs. Eunice, Glen EUyn, 
lUinois: 1 screech owl — Glen Ellyn, 
Illinois (gift). 

General Biological Supply House, 
Chicago: 3 injected dogs and cats, 

3 injected cat heads; 3 lizards, 18 
snakes, 1 crocodilian— South America; 
2 beetles, 2 tadpole shrimps— Nevada 
(gift). 



441 KiKi.n Mt SKIM OK N'aturai. Histoky KKit)UTs. Vol.. 12 



(iKRiUHt). Wii.i.UM J., Chirago: 51 
in- •' • nnouji lor«!''- ;*'ft'. 

. W. K.. < .1 lix*rd. 

6 ttikakn*. 1 turtie Ktiutlun. Alabama 

igitv. 
Grec<.. NfAJoR ri.irrt>Ri) (* . (*hi- 
1 dog urk ' ' '• 

V. Mr-' W n. Illi- 

manno jn^frfbratiw 

\s. Mk,s. R. O., Fort Wayne, 
Itulia:.;!. 2 mammal.4 Angola. Indiana 
(gift). 

GumST. MR.S. K. N.. < 4 

— •'^ ' -r- --' ponmefw, 1 h<'; --i i'>ad 

Itockport, Trxa.^: 

Haa.<<. Krsst B.. Chicago: 3 frrsh- 
watrr snails— Forwt I^ko. WiAconsin 

(gift.. 

Haas. Dr. I-^itz. : 863 

mannr invortrbrAtr* M.. • ic;ft). 

Haa.s, Dr. (IkuRi., Jmi'-alom, Palc*- 
tin«>: 1 rV 

Haas. L ._ ; nos 

MrHpnr>' County, (giftl. 

'' .ifiu: 1 meadom- 

m 

HARTNArK KXTERMINATISC SERVICE, 
In<.. Chicago: 14 i na e cto — Chicago 
(ifift . 

Hkrtk;, Dr Marshai.i , Lima, Peru: 
2 liwird-^. 1 snako IVru (gift". 

H'! r>KPR\Ni>, NfAJoR R. I).. Fort 
lh: .T diirk skeleton* 
.ly, Tcxiw (gift'. 

H(MH-,ATRAAl., Dr. Harry, Crhana. 
Iliinoi-t: I larval .nalamandar— I" 
1 xnako Honda; 2 beetle*- ' : 
(gift ; 40 in.>«»rti« - Cuba and Mexico 
(exchange I. 

HtBRKfrr, Lks! IF. St I^ui*. Mu»- 
•oun: fi rave juiI.t " ' - ; 4 

joiluTi- l.T*. 1 fr ^. u» 

li 936 frr 

Or ' -taina, Mi?3«.>un ht t .\r- 

ka- . 

Hrrr. l*R. CcjkY C... < 2 

h!'... •- •=(«> .^kins Montana ^..: 

Y, Carlton, Thomasville, 
Ge^>rgia. 2 frogn, 1 toad. 1 xnake. 1 
young turtle Georgia (gift). 

HrVTF.R. RkV. El.LWOOD Brl'cx. 



IlXtNOtS DErARTMFVT OP CoV^KR- 

V4- ^ - • :d. mioo»:d 



aiidt^'t-^ 



: HiSTollY 
2 chalcid- I 



Ii: 

S'v 

City. 

':-■  - K' ^- ii^ ' *-itt. 

Is.TrrrtTo Bltavtan, S4o Paulo, 
Rrar.il: 21 r km. Brmxil (fift». 

T'" ' 'v. v. A., Chicago: 10 

t; 

vn. IlUnoia: 

') 

Jei.i.i.hos. W. L.. Hamilton. Mon- 
Una: 1 flra AI'. ' 't'. 

JKSSisiis. J. P ago: 1 mountain 

lion ukull— i'tah (gift). 

Johnson, J. K.. Jr.. Waco, Texaa: 
1 1 snakM Toxa.* (gift . 

JoH.ssoN. Dr. Murray L., Balti- 
n - *' 'ind: 2 salamanders Wa»h- 

i; . 

KAlfTKl.n, Carl F., Suten laland. 
New York: 2 timber rattlesinakes*- 
eestem I'nitcd States; 4 sliden of iinake 
tongue scarf.i (gifti. 

Kanak, R. W., Chicago: 1 hairworm 
- Chicago (gift). 

Kello<;«;, Robert. Milton Town- 
nhip, Illinoi.^: 12 •^alamandeni, 4 frogs. 
I lizard, 13 iinakr:^ Canada (gift). 

Krahl, Rkv. ArmLPH M., Yuma. 

.Arizona: 2 rr." 
Anrona and 

Kramer. Thomas. Harv 
1 fox sfjuirrel - Homewood, l,,,,.--^.- .^a- 
change). 

KfRFESS. John, Hinvlale. Illinois: 
9 .<<nakeji variou.s localities (gift). 

I>ABONTE. John. Chicago: 1 homed 
grebe .skin Indiana; 1 beetle Chicago 

(fiftK 

IwkMBERT, Ronald J., Zion. Illinois: 
1 spider— Zion. Illinois (gift). 

Tllinow: 

o 

Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicago: 2 mam- 

malv 1 bird ' ' - '. \ • '- ,^ 

3 snakes, 1 , .. 

CTocndile- \-anouji iiK^ities (gift*. 

Lincoln . Highland Park. 

Illinoi«i: 1 WT' rd skwirtons- High- 

land Park. IlimoM (gift . 

Lt " '.' ". Delzie Demareb, 

Hnt as: 5 snakes, 1 box- 

turtle -.■Vjiiiiey County. Arkan?.'. 

LL-ETH, F. X '-• r-r]i\, iin.iM- 

1 fox .snake — 111 



•tcorpwns— 

• t. 



Accessions 



445 



McElvare, Rowland R., Long 
Island, New York: 10 beetles — Cali- 
fornia (gift). 

Maldonado, Professor Angel, 
Lima, Peru: 31 fresh-water snails, 49 
fairy shrimps — western Peru (gift). 

Maria, Brother Niceforo, Bogota, 
Colombia: 7 bats, skins and skulls, 
65 bats in alcohol — Colombia (ex- 
change). 

Martin, Richard A., Wheatfield, 
Indiana: 1 bull snake — Wheatfield, 
Indiana (gift). 

Marvin, Horace M., Madison, Wis- 
consin: 1 garter snake — Wisconsin 
(gift). 

Mather, Bryant, Chicago: 1 snap- 
ping turtle — Illinois (gift). 

Me-ADE, Grayson, Austin, Texas: 
14 lizards, 1 snake — Texas (gift). 

Miller, George T., South Bend, 
Indiana: 5 insects — Wyoming (gift). 

Moore, Professor G. A., Stillwater, 
Oklahoma: 12 salamanders — Oklahoma 
(gift). 

Moyer, John W., Chicago: 3 birds — 
Illinois (gift). 

Museum of Comparative Zoology, 
Cambridge, Massachusetts: 2 mammal 
skins and skeletons, 3 mammal skele- 
tons, 1 lemur in alcohol — various locali- 
ties; 3 frogs — Peru (exchange). 

Musselman, Dr. T. E., Quincy, 
Illinois: 2 albino English sparrows — 
lUinois (gift). 

Needham, Dr. James G., Ithaca, 
New York: 131 insects — various locali- 
ties (exchange). 

Olalla, a. M., Sao Paulo, Brazil: 
43 birds — Sao Paulo, Brazil (exchange). 

Owens, David W., Flossmoor, Illi- 
nois: 4 frogs, 1 box-turtle — Illinois 
(gift). 

Patterson, Bryan, Chicago: 1 red 
bat — Chicago; 31 fleas — Colorado (gift). 

Perkins, C. B., San Diego, CaH- 
fornia: 5 garter snakes — California 
(gift). 

Plath, Karl, Chicago: 1 rifle bird — 
Australia (exchange). 

Pond, Alonzo W., Blue Mounds, 
Wisconsin: 3 vials of springtails — Blue 
Mounds, Wisconsin (gift). 

Pope, Alexander, Winnetka, Illi- 
nois: 1 queen snake — Wisconsin (gift). 

Pope, Clifford H. and Family, 
Winnetka, Illinois: 18 frogs, 14 lizards. 



6 snakes, 19 turtles — Illinois and In- 
diana (gift). 

Poulter, Dr. Thomas, Chicago: 

1 penguin, 4 penguin skeletons — Ant- 
arctica _ (gift); 1 ringed penguin — 
Antarctica (exchange). 

Rahn, Dr. Hermann, Laramie, 
Wyoming: 2 prairie rattlesnakes — 
Wyoming (gift). 

Ramstadt, Henry, Chicago: 28 in- 
sects — Wisconsin and Florida (gift). 

Reed, Clyde T., Gregory, Texas: 
153 fishes— Texas (gift). 

Rockefeller Foundation, Wash- 
ington, D.C.: 11 birds — Brazil (gift). 

RUECKERT, Arthur G., Chicago: 1 
lovebird — Africa (gift). 

Rueckert, Mrs. Arthur G., Chi- 
cago: 2 grasshoppers — Florida (gift). 

Schmidt, John M., Homewood, Illi- 
nois: 29 mammal skins and 34 skulls, 
4 mammal skeletons, 2 bats in alcohol, 

2 garter snakes — Colorado (gift). 
Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illi- 
nois: 13 bats, 2 bat skeletons, 1 arma- 
dillo skull^Texas; 1 marmot skin and 
skull — Colorado; 2 snakes — Florida; 21 
insects — various localities (gift). 

Schmidt, Karl P., Homewood, Illi- 
nois, and D. D wight Davis, Naper- 
ville, Illinois: 8 snakes, 1 turtle — vari- 
ous localities (gift). 

SCHREIBER, Jack, Chicago: 53 bird 
lice — various localities (gift). 

Seevers, Dr. Charles H., Chicago: 
169 insects — various localities (gift). 

Shaw, Donald, Homewood, Illinois: 

1 fox snake — lUinois (gift). 

Shedd Aquarium, John G., Chicago: 

2 turtles, 178 fishes — various localities 
(gift). 

SiGiSMUND OF Prussia, Princess, 
Barranca, Costa Rica: 1 bat in alcohol, 
1 gecko, 6 snakes — Costa Rica (gift). 

SiLVANUS, Raymond J., Libertyville, 
Illinois: 1 chimney swift — Libertyville, 
Illinois (gift). 

Simpson, James, Jr., Chicago: 1 
mounted wild sheep head — central 
Asia (gift). 

Smith, Dr. C. S., San Marcos, 
Texas: 4 snakes — Texas (gift). 

Smith, Donald M., Chicago: 205 
insects — northwestern United States 
(gift). 

Sorensen, Andrew, Pacific Grove, 
California: 3 marine shells — California 
(gift). 



44« KiKi.i) MrsKLM OF Natural Histdky KKin)RTS. Vol. 12 



f-Kjoum J.. Lima, IVru: 
'J,,. i.an>p«« and Peru (gift'. 

Sii '. Stewart, lalamorada, 

Homla; I crml nnake -Horida (gift . 

. M. n., Chicago: 4 bw^ll*^ 

K-ifti. 

Stanui.ky. Pail C, ' '• 

mahn« nhelLi Horida; 13 .: 
<<heib-IlUnoij (gift). 

St  ■-.'-■■ 1 

man: >: 

-California (exchangp*. 

> ■'• " SRH or MlHS. ilRI. 

V '.' I pinr mouv 

Mw5oun [pit). 

Dr. Jll.lAS A.. Bar- 
r . ^: 37 fUh«»* vannu.<< 

localitm igiftt. 

SToJTOI'. " VM. C<'"" 

Hev.Tly. M ^: 1 i: . 

jaw-bone (gift). 

STRdii, Dr. H. F.. Gamhifr, 

Ohio: 1 . .indrr (lambirr, Ohio 

(gift). 

Tkxas Co-orrji " ■• 

Kk-*<karch Init. (' 

30 small mammah M«'Xjc»> vxk JiAJuji- ■. 

Tt; '" '"' "CO : abnormal 

pig 

Ulrioi, Cii-ESS, Western Spr 
Illinni.<«: 2 .inakei* Illinois and txiii:.;- 
ana (gift). 



IstTKl) Stat 
Washinsrt"!. 1' 
(oxrhat , 



NfUVUM, 



lA UV- 

kangaroo mi( 



ley, 1 aiifomia: 
Nevada (gift i. 

Vattkr. Albert, Glen>-iew, IlUnoto: 
1 snake Cilenview, Illinoiji (gift). 

WalteR-s. Lko.s L.. Chira|{o; 1 aUvrr- 
haired bat Homewood. Ilhnoia (filt 

Wkki), Ai.mKi) { ., Chicago: 2 tro 

.w..'..f,,r u ~ t.jcieRi, 12 "K.-lu vario . 

W 
fox ... ,.■ 

Wknzel. RiTEKT L., Chicago: 1,147 
in.44'rts and allk* — variotu locmlitks 

.Rifti. 

Willim, Pedro, Paraguay: 2 bird 
•»kin.>» Paraguay (gift>. 

WoLCoTT, Albert B., Dowdc;- 
Grove, Illinois: 7 beetle* - Downwt 
Grove, Illinois (gift^. 

Woods. ' -■ V P.. Chicago: 2,174 
fmhes- nil: ,: ft). 

Wyatt, Alex K.. Chicago: 6 inatcta 

various loralitics (gift). 

Zarate. Ai>oLro Ortiz db, Naj«ra. 
Spain: 67 land shelU, 4 anatomical 

•-•-?•■■". 2 microacopc 



tiidm- 



RAYMOND FOr.NUATlON -ACCESSIONS 



AmeruasM' 

TORY, New \oTt 

Field M lselm or N atitial II istorv : 
Mado by I)i\nsion of Photography: 
391 slides. 

PuTchaMt: 324 slides of color photo- 
graphs. 



W \ H. '■ '-s W.. Chicago: 47 slid«a 
. : ;.;. : k;raphs gifti. 

National GEOf.RArmc SociBrr: • 
slides (purchase). 

YulX, Robert. Chicago: 16 alidw 
of color photographs (gift*. 



DIVISION OF PHOTOGRAPHY— ACCKSSION'S 



PtBLO Museum of Natiral H lhtory 
Made by Division of Photography: 
- ' 18 nee 

- enlar,. 
transparent laix-ls, 11 traru^pirvii- ir-*. 

M- ' ' • Kmmet " "Ske and Karl 
P. 77 r of general 

views irid . ' >■*• 

^f > ''^ by . r : ...: ; 76 

=« of general \news photo- 
1' SU site ezcavmtions in New 



\TaHe by Dr. Wilfred H. Oifood: 92 
r'^neral \iewii and laod- 

Mll.l ^R. -Tohv R . Chiragn: A i¥ifa- 

live of • '^. 

from A,»_ . , ; . . ^ 

NtoioLS, Hbnry W., Chicago: 6 

(^ of viewTi of g«ological feature 

onsin Dells, Wisconsin, and 8 

negatives of an ice rampart on lb* 

-nrh -hnrp of Fox Lake, Lake County, 



Accessions 



U\ 



LIBRARY— ACCESSIONS 
List of Donors of Books 

INSTITUTIONS 



Abendpost, Chicago. 

American Meteorological Society, Mil- 
ton, Massachusetts. 

American Museum of Health, New 
York. 

American Petroleum Institute, New 
York. 

Americana Corporation, New York. 

Antiquities Service and Museums, 
Khartoum, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 

Army and Navy Y.M.C.A., Waukegan, 
Illinois. 

Booth Felt Company, New York. 

Bucks County Historical Society, 
Doylestown, Pennsylvania. 

Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C. 

Chester Company Mushroom Labora- 
tories, West Chester, Pennsylvania. 

Chilean Bibliographic News Service, 
Santiago, Chile. 

Colegio Berchmans, Call, Colombia. 

Columbia Broadcasting System, New 
York. 

Conoco Travel Bureau, Chicago. 



Excavators' Club, Cambridge, Massa- 
chusetts. 

Instituto Tecnico Henequeno, Merida, 
Yucatan, Mexico. 

Madras Government Botanic Gardens 
Ootacamund, Madras, India. 

Massachusetts Archaeological Society, 

Cambridge, Massachusetts. 
Mentholatum Company, Wilmington, 

Delaware. 
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. 

National Association of Manufacturers, 
New York. 

New York Municipal Airport, Long 
Island, New York. 

Park Naturalists' Conference, Washing- 
ton, D.C. 

Pemez Travel Club, Mexico City, 
Mexico. 

Pioneer Valley Association, Northamp- 
ton, Massachusetts. 

United States Rubber Company, New 
York. 



INDIVIDUALS 



Acosta Solis, M., Quito, Ecuador. 
Arento, George, New York. 

Baerg, W. J., Fayetteville, Arkansas. 
Bondar, Dr. Gregorio, Bahia, Brazil. 
Born, W., St. Louis, Missouri. 
Brand, Charles J., Washington, D.C. 
Bucher, Walter H., Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Buffo, Guido, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 

Cawston, F., Durban, Natal, Union of 
South Africa. 

Coleman, Miss Dorothy G., Victoria, 
Australia. 

Comas, Juan, Mexico City, Mexico. 

Conover, Boardman, Chicago. 

Davis, D. Dwight, Naperville, Illinois. 
Deiss, Charles, Missoula, Montana. 
Dillon, Lawrence S., Reading, Penn- 
sylvania. 
Duncan, Wilbur H., Athens, Georgia. 

Eichler, Dr. Philip, New York. 



Fairbank, Mrs. John King, Cambridge, 
Massachusetts. 

Farley, Mrs. Malcolm, Chicago. 

Field, Dr. Henry, Washington, D.C. 

Field, Stanley, Lake Forest, Illinois. 

Field, Mrs. Stanley, Lake Forest, Illi- 
nois. 

Garcia Mendez, Erasmo, Sao Paulo, 

Brazil. 
Geiser, S. W., Dallas, Texas. 
Gerhard, Peter, Winnetka, Illinois. 
Gerhard, William J., Chicago. 

Gladstone, Sir Hugh, Dumfriesshire, 

England. 
Gleason, F. Gilbert, New York. 
Gloyd, H. K., Chicago. 
Gregg, Major Clifford C, Chicago. 
Gronemann, Carl F., Elgin, Illinois. 
Gunter, Gordon, Rockport, Texas. 
Gurney, Ashley Buell, Washington, 

D.C. 



I 



448 FiKi.i) MiSKiM OK Xatikai. History RKfoKTS, Vol. 12 



Ha«.^ Dr. F' " " 

IU»t. Dr. O . 

HarhlMuka. Marqucwi. Tokyo, Japan. 

Hark. John T.. ! acl. Now York 

Hambly. Dr. Wn.ii.i i».. C - 

Harprr. Dr. Franriji. Sv. 

IVnnxylvania. 
H - ' " ■' ■iff, Chirago. 
li I '•Ion. Chicago. 

Hrrp<T». Liputpnant Henry, Short Hills. 
Now Jorwy. 

HofTman, A. C, Bloemfontein, South 
Afrira. 

n William, ra.<«adpna, Cali- 

Howrll, John Thomas, San Francisco, 

f'alifoniia. 
Huhbarrl, J. K.. Topoka, Kaima'i 
Hyland. Fay, Orono, Main« 

Koamey, T. H., \Va.shin|fton, D.C. 
KoUo, I.,«on. Washington, D.C. 

I^uth. Franci."*. SprinKfirld. Illirtoi- 

Liljrl.lad. Kmil. Villa Park. Ili::, 

Littrll. J. McGrrgor. Mount Arlington, 
.New Jors4»y. 

rt Hi-nr>'. Jr., Plain- 

Marrlli. Dr. Carloi A.. I-aPlata. Argrn- 
tina. 

Marshall. Mi^s limh, Wlicon-iin DrlU. 

Wm.im.tin. 

Math<>r, Hr>ant. Chicago. 
M ' - ' ' K. Chicago. 
. W., Chicago. 

Nwkor. Waltrr. Chicaeo. 
NichoU. Honrj* W., Chicago. 
Nobre, Augxwto, Oporto, Portugal. 



Norrw, H. \S .. iinnncll, Iowa. 

Nott. Stanliy Char!.-. Talm Hirtrh, 
Horida. 

OllvFfio M. dc, Slo 

Dr. Wilfrvd Hudmn. Chicago. 

Pholpji, W. J.. Caracaii. Wntvuda. 
Popo, Clifford H., Chicago. 

Ki><»d, H. S., Brrkrlpy. CaJifomia. 
HiRgM, Klmor S., Chicago. 

•. Karl P.. HomowtKKl. IllinoU. 
."N. M .1!. -., Richard Kvani*, Cambhdgp. 
Ma'wachu'M'tt.s. 

S«»vprs, Dr. Chariot H.. Chicago. 
S - ("hoin. Mrs '" ' *", Chicago. 
.^ . :. . Paul C..  

Strvprmark, Dr. Julian A., Harrington. 

Illinoi,^. 

Slil(»?», Karl A., Codar Rapida, Iowa. 

Sw-itzpr. Goorgp, Now Haven, Connecti- 
cut. 

Tamayo, Francwco, Caracaa, VencsueU. 

Tribe, Lorenio, Bogota. Colombia. 

Van Cott, Kenneth I., New Y'ork. 
\ Dr. I.ui-x. Mexico City. " 

\ .- , . .Alfredo Barrera, 

Yucatan. Mexico. 

Wenrel. Rupert L., Chicago. 

\V:!htjr, Dr. C. Martin. Chicago. 

Willi'*. Bailey, Stanford rnivemily 

California. 

W.lrott. Albert B.. Chicago. 
W.KxI. Mi-M Miriarr '''•-ngo. 
Wfx>ds. Ixiren P.. < ., 

Wyatt. Alexander K., Chicago. 

Zamenhof. Dr. Stephen, New York. 



ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION 



STATE OF ILLINOIS 

DEPARTMENT OF STATE 

William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State 

To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: 

Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the 
office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a.d. 1893, for the 
organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac- 
cordance with the provisions of "An Act Concerning Corporations," approved 
April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy 
of which certificate is hereto attached. 

Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of 
Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify 
that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized 
Corporation under the laws of this State. 

In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the 
Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, 
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the 
Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. 

W. H. HINRICHSEN, 

[Seal] Secretary of State. 

TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, 

Secretary of State: 
Sir: 

We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor- 
poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled 
"An Act Concerning Corporations," approved April 18, 1872, and all acts 
amendatory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby 
state as follows, to-wit: 

1. The name of such corporation is the "COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF 
CHICAGO." 

2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dis- 
semination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illus- 
trating Art, Archaeology, Science and History. 

3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of 
Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 

4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the 
first year of its corporate existence: 

Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, 
Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, 
Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, 0. F. Aldis, Edwm 
Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 

5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, 
and State of Illinois. 

(Signed) 

George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert 
McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchmson, Ebenezer 
Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. 
Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Frankhn H. 
Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, 

449 



•JfiO FiKi.i) MisKiM OF Natiral Histdry !U:p<>rts, Vol. 12 

Thoman H . -, A. C. V- * ' ' • ' '•' ' 

Jsfn»" \V • .',, John 



■J: 



K. Ji n K. A H. Dole. 

^1 ..V- . ;;. Ihitl.:. r J? C. 

 »r. A. Crawford, \Vm. C. 

J!.. J V 'oil. C. V. C " • :, A, r -rtH*. 

\V r.i . Jr . M r . M. Pullman. 

W .iii.«tn K. Curii.'*. • i. il.ii.-. Wm. T. Hakrr. 

Martin A. Kypr!»on, i: ^ .It Ki-am, Norman Willtamt, 
Mclvtllo K. Stone. Hr>'an I^throp. Kliphatrt \N . HIatrhford, Philip D. Armour. 

Statk of Iu.isois 

Cook Coufav 

I. (f K. Mitchell, a Notary Piumc in and for uid County, do hrrvby 
' .rrt p< • " .' ' ' ' ' -.. ^f ^jid 

,;no<! th' , r fre* and 

vulunlary an for ihi* u.-h-j* ami pnrp<»H«»s th^Tfin "wl {orlh. 

Givpn under my hand and notarial weal thi-s 14lh day of September, 1893. 

G. R MITCHELL. 
(Sbal) Notary Public , Cook County, III. 



CHANGK OF NAME 

Pursuant to a resolution pa'wed at a mpotinjc of the corporate m^rnlMTii held 
the 25th day of Juno, 1H94. the namo of tho COLl'MBIAN Y M was 

changed to FIKLD COLU.MBIAN .MrSElM. A (vrtificatt- to • t was 

filod June 26, 1894, in the office of the SecreUr>' of State for Illin 



CHANGE OF NAME 

Pursuant to a re .it a meetinR of the mrporat* 

the Hth day of No.^ .. . ihf name of the FIKLD « 

MISKIM wa-» rhanned to FIELD .MfSKlM OF NATIRAL !■ -^ 

A r. • •  ' ^ effort was filed Novomber 10. 1905, in the ofTice of the c^-rn-iMry 

of . -.a. 



CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3 

p.-  • ' .Id 

the 10! . . \L 

HISToK^ iihali be jn\*ejiied in i of Twkvty-onk '2i l'H\»XiiK». who 

j«hall be elected in such manner „.. . . -  ' ''"i" ind term of office an ma>" 
be pm\-ided for by the Ry-Ijiwn. A d effort wa-< filed May 21. 
1920, in the office of the .Serretar>* of Stau it ii.::iuj5. 



AMENDED BY-LAWS 



DECEMBER, 1941 



ARTICLE I 

MEMBERS 

Section 1. Members shall be of twelve classes, Corporate Members, Hon- 
orary Members, Patrons, Corresponding Members, Benefactors, Contributors, 
Life Members, Non-Resident Life Members, Associate Members, Non-Resident 
Associate Members, Sustaining Members, and Annual Members. 

Section 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in 
the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from 
time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom- 
mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in 
the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these 
By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within 
ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of Twenty Dollars 
($20.00) or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or 
Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate 
Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual 
meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. 

Section 3. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among 
persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous 
nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. 

Section 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of 
the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent ser- 
vice to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their 
election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. 

Section 5. Any person contributing or devising the sum of One Hundred 
Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) in cash, or securities, or property to the funds 
of the Museum, may be elected a Benefactor of the Museum. 

Section 6. Corresponding Members shall be chosen by the Board from among 
scientists or patrons of science residing in foreign countries, who render important 
service to the Museum. They shall be elected by the Board of Trustees at any 
of its meetings. They shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy all courtesies 
of the Museum. 

Section 7. Any person contributing to the Museum One Thousand Dollars 
($1,000.00) or more in cash, securities, or material, may be elected a Contributor 
of the Museum. Contributors shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy 
all courtesies of the Museum. 

Section 8. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of Five Hundred 
Dollars ($500.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, 
become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall 
enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem- 
bers of the Board of Trustees. Any person residing fifty miles or more from 
the city of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of One Hundred Dollars 
($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become 
a Non-Resident Life Member. Non-Resident Life Members shall be exempt 
from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that 
are accorded to members of the Board of Trustees. 

Section 9. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of 
One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the vote of the Board, 
become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be exempt from all dues, 
and shall be entitled to tickets admitting Member and members of family, includ- 
ing non-resident home guests; all publications of the Museum issued during the 
period of their membership, if so desired; reserved seats for all lectures and enter- 

451 



4r>2 FiKi.1) MrsKiM of N'attkal History Kh:i*oKTs. Vol. 12 

!«;, ...... . ,.. .1..- tK.. '^•|iipir<M| of thr N! ■• "- •- • !<-<| n-s*T* -  ' ,. 

n «)f holder of • 1 urmr: iK 

. M ;,.■ ' '■ ... 

; Ihr' ij ,{ thf Hoard. 

I'Xrmpt from all dui»!i, and oy all thr pri-. 

iJl I'lr ■■'■-..  p*. 

from t«m«» to timo by tho Hoard of 'rru.Hto«>}« at any of ita rr.. 

shall pay an annual fo<» of Tw«'nty-f^vp !' ''■- ♦''.S.OOi. p- • ,-, tr.irty 

days aft»T n<>iir<* of rlortion and within aftor • y annual 
datr. This S ; ' ' 

tho Mombor ai , . !. 

othor Mu.Houm dorum«-nt.'< or ; .d of thwr mem- 

b«>nihip a.-* may Ih« r»»<iin«sto<i ii. ^ .'..,. ....,,;..,,..>, ' 'T haff paid the 

annual fp*' of $25.00 for six ypan«, surh Mombor shall b«» i -.o become an 
Ajworiato Meml>er. 

Skction 11. Annual MemlnTs shall ronsi.st of surh persons as are selected 
from time to time by the Boanl of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who 
<yM pay an annual fee of Ten I) ' - 'lO.OOi. : - ' ' - ■' • • ' after 
• .1 h r»Turrin(f annual date. An Mr-ml'. ' • ml>er 

-.the 

- . - :amily 

to ail Museum lectures or eniertainment.s. This membership will also entitle 

tho holder • '^'- ■•■"'■" ' '» ^,1...^ 1.,., ..^..,; .... / , ver>' Mujieum of 

T '(•• in the I 'n of cn-opomtiw 

y 

<•» 

in which the co-operative mu.seums are located. 

SErrios 12. All merr' - ' • ,aj. sftmll 

hereafter be applied to a j ... interest 

only of which shall be applietl for ihf u.i«' of the Mu.Heum a.H the Hoard of Truiiteei 
may order. 

AFITICLK II 

BOARI> or TRfSTKES 

SBfTloN 1. The Hoard of Tnistees shall consist of twenty-one memliers. 

The resp«*ctive meml>ers of the Hoard now in otlice. and those who shall here- 

/ ,  . '. .-totl, shall hold of! mr life. V.. n the Hoard 

•d at a retr'i'ar nv ' fh" I^>a' ation of the 

•nitte«- • .ir meeting of the Hoard, by a 

:;..., .... - f the n: . ..; . , ; cnt. 

Settios 2. Rejfular meetings of the Hoard shall h*» h«»Id on the third Mon- 

i'resdent, 

, Tru«te«s. 

Kivr Trust* if a nu«>nim. o^.^-pt for the election of officers or the 

• -1 of ;.,. .\i.;. .... i .dget, when .seven Trustees shall be required, but meet- 



n 



y l>e adjourned by any les» number from day to day. or to a day fixed, 
priv;.);j'» to the next reifular • 

Settios .3. Rea.sonable w notice, designating th*- ''"^^ and place of 

holding meetings, shall be gi\-en by the Secretary. 

ARTICLK III 

HOSORARY TRIHrEES 

«:r,-ri,,v ^ \» a mark of respect, and in appreciati'- ' ' '-r\-ices performed 
for • . any Trustee who by reason of r on account of 

y a majority 
'"'i. an 1: f for life. 

> . : - .:.!-etings . : ... , . . Trustees, 

whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings 



Amended By-Laws 453 

and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not 
have the right to vote. 

ARTICLE IV 

OFFICERS 

Section 1. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a 
Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary 
and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a 
majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, 
the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-Presi- 
dent shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The 
meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January 
of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. 

Section 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc- 
cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular 
meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of 
the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting . 

Section 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain 
to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or 
designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. 

ARTICLE V 

THE TREASURER 

Section 1. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpo- 
ration except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon 
warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the 
absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman 
of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may 
be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents, or any member of the Finance 
Committee. 

Section 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor- 
poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to 
be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect 
the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay 
same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company 
shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the 
joint order of the following officers, namely: the President or one of the Vice- 
Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance 
Committee of the Museum. The President or any one of the Vice-Presidents, 
jointly with either the Chairman or any one of the other members of the Finance 
Committee, are authorized and empowered (a) to sell, assign and transfer as a 
whole or in part the securities owned by or registered in the name of Field Museum 
of Natural History, and, for that purpose, to endorse certificates in blank or to 
a named person, appoint one or more attorneys, and execute such other instru- 
ments as may be necessary, and (b) to cause any securities belonging to this Corpo- 
ration now, or acquired in the future, to be held or registered in the name or names 
of a nominee or nominees designated by them. 

Section 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such 
sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. 

Section 4. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus- 
todian of "The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum fund. 
The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director 
and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, 
warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the 
absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice- 
Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. 

ARTICLE VI 

THE director 

Section 1. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, 
who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im- 



454 FiKi.i) MrsKiM ok N'atlrai. History Kkports, Vol. 12 

fn thr 



S> Thprr nhall b« fo -ilji of th» Mummjid- 

r 

H.. 

nv 

of t.-ir . n;i-:  hUa,! J.av«- 

authority f'> • n. 

5;^* makr n»p<irt to the Hoard at «ich regular 

tb 

Wli.'r. 

form : 

in iiurh numiH-r a-s thr Hoard may dirpct. 

AKTirLK VII 

TIP TOR 

Srrriov 1. Thr pnnr-? '.\\^}.\ n- ,-. \--A\Xr.-r. wh-. -ha!! h-.Jri h 

di. 

for;.. .. . ; . 

Museum, and rrport • .jj. and 

m.i ' ' ' .>: a*l bUU 

TV. 

ARTICLK VI 11 

< oMMITTEKS 

Committers, as (ullows: Finance. Duilding, 

A'l. 

Sbction 2. The Finance Committee .•ihall consist of six mrmbers. the 

At; ' • ' " -nittees ' " >n.wt • ' '" " ' 

H . n^i^t f' wr< A 

('••nu; j(, and 

!»hall ! . ::*• - 

(ied. In • thr m- 

the ChairiiiH:, a ' ' - i>y u m<Tri: 

named in the rr •■; ihn • tail h* 

abfience or disabihty of the Chairman. 

C' in of 1 (n airman of the 

Pt: . - : three ...... to be elected by 

ballot at the Annual Mooting. 

m. 

In th»» o\'ent that, owing to the abwnre or mabihty of member*, a quorum of 

the rpjfulariy o'.^^'o-i .^,..^i„>.. .,..,., k^ .....^-^^j ,| ^^^y ^^^.....^ . i .. ,- fom- 

mittee. then  .Tswor. a.i i. may 

summ art in p;acf ul ;;. 'f^. 

^ • :f^'-%T5ion of ir. ^ the 

er. t and other p« - >f the ' . and the care of such 

rpii • . ' -x' — -■■ - It sh •' rity to invest, sell, 

an'i -' • - val of • 

Settion 6. The HuiidjnK ' tee <«hali have super\'i'«ion of the con- 

struction, recoaitruction, and tA...K-..>n of any and ail buildingi u^ed for 
Mu.xeum purpouies. 



Amended By-Laws 455 

Section 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time 
to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested 
to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting 
the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular 
Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of 
each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting 
forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make 
recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine 
maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, 
the expenditures stated are authorized. 

Section 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- 
counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall 
cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- 
vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm 
to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall 
have taken place. 

Section 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and 
processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what 
amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings 
shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. 

Section 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and 
proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. 

Section 11. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees 
and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com- 
mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. 

ARTICLE IX 
nominating committee 

Section 1. At the November meeting of the Board each year, a Nomi- 
nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make 
nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Committee, 
the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three members 
of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the 
ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting 
in January. 

ARTICLE X 

Section 1. Whenever the word "Museum" is employed in the By-Laws of 
the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum 
as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in 
study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, 
and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installa- 
tions, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, 
and all scientific and maintenance activities. 

Section 2. The By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the 
Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided 
the amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. 



FOUNDKR 

Mftmhall Field* 

BENEFACTORS 

Thosf uho hntf contribuird $100,000 or more lo lAt Musfum 



Ayer. Kdward E.* 

HuckinKham. MUs 
Kate S.* 

Crane, Cornelius 
Crane. K. T.. Jr.* 

Held. Joseph N.* 
Kiel. I, Mnr^hall 
Field, Stanley 

Graham, Ernest R.* 



Hnrriii, Albert W. 

i: . ■- -1- 

1; .  . - 



.wN. 



Kelley. William W 

Pullman, George M.* 

Kn»-»on. FrtKlerick U.' 
Kaynrnul. Mm. Anna 
Louiae 



Raymond. Jam«s Nelson' 
Uyerson, Martin A.* 
Kyerson, Mrs. 
Martin A." 

Simpaon. Jamca* 
Smith, Mn. P'rancw 

Sr . )rfe T.« 

Sturgrs. Mrs. Mary D.* 
Suarez, Mrs. Diego 



HONORARY MEMBERS 

Thoff who here rrndrrrd rminrnt lerrice to Scienet 
Cutting, C. Suydam 



Field, Marshall 
Field, Stanley 

Harrin. Albert W. 



Ludwijj. n. K. H. Ciu.itaf Roo«evelt, Theodort 

Adolf. Crown I'rince of 

Sweden S»rgent. Homer E. 

Sprague, Albert A. 
McComvick. Stanley Suarex. Mrs. Diego 



Rooaevelt. Kermit 



Vemay, .\rthur S. 



PATRONS 

TkOM who hart rrndtrtd fn\inrnt tcrric* to the .\Iu»tum 



Calderini, Charles J. KlUworth. Duncan S. 

Chadboume, Mrs. Emily 
Crane 



Field, Mrs. Stanley 



Chancellor, Philip M 
Cherrie, G*»<rj:»» K. 
Collinji. Alfred M. 
Conover, Board man 
Cutting, C. Suydam 

Day, I>ee Gamett 



Hack, Frederick C. 
Hancock. G. Allan 

K  ■-'• '>-- ^n Shaw 
^ R. 

Mfxire, Mrs. William H. 

Prob«t, Edward 

Dfl>-|lAli«P. 1941 



Roo<»evelt, Kermit 
Roo«fvelt. Theodore 

Sargent, Homer E. 
Sprague, Albert A. 
Stniu.'', Mrs. Oscar 
Strawn, Silas H. 
SuarpT, Mrs. Diego 

Vemay, Arthur S. 

White, Harold A. 



Armour, Allison V 



Wegeforth. Dr. Harry M. 



466 



Corresponding Members— Contributors 



457 



CORRESPONDING MEMBERS 

Scientists or patrons of science, residing in foreign countries, who have rendered 

eminent service to the Mtcseum 



Breuil, Abb6 Henri 
Christensen, Dr. Carl 
Diels, Dr. Ludwig 



Hochreutiner, Dr. B. P. 

Georges 
Humbert, Professor 

Henri 



Keissler, Dr. Karl 

Keith, Professor Sir 
Arthur 



CONTRIBUTORS 

Those who have contributed $1,000 to $100,000 to the Museum 
in money or materials 



$75,000 to $100,000 
Chancellor, Philip M. 

$50,000 to $75,000 

Keep, Chauncey* 

Rosenwald, Mrs. 
Augusta N.* 

$25,000 to $50,000 

Adams, Mrs. Edith 
Almy* 

Blackstone, Mrs. 
Timothy B.* 

Coats, John* 
Crane, Charles R.* 
Crane, Mrs. R. T., Jr. 

Field, Mrs. Stanley 

Jones, Arthur B.* 

Murphy, Walter P. 

Porter, George F.* 

Rosenwald, Julius* 

Vernay, Arthur S. 

White, Harold A. 

$10,000 to $25,000 

Armour, Allison V.* 
Armour, P. D.* 

Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily 

Crane 
Chalmers, William J.* 
Conover, Boardman 
Cummings, R. F.* 
Cutting, C. Suydam 

* Deceased 



Everard, R. T.* 

Gunsaulus, Dr. F. W.* 

InsuU, Samuel* 

Laufer, Dr. Berthold* 
Lufkin, Wallace W. 

Mandel, Leon 
McCormick, Cyrus 

(Estate) 
McCormick, Stanley 
Mitchell, John J.* 

Reese, Lewis* 
Robb, Mrs. George W. 
Rockefeller Foundation, 
The 

Sargent, Homer E. 
Schweppe, Mrs. 

Charles H.* 
Straus, Mrs. Oscar 
Strong, Walter A.* 

Wrigley, William, Jr.* 

$5,000 to $10,000 

Adams, George E.* 
Adams, Milward* 
American Friends of 

China 
Avery, Sewell L. 

Bartlett,A. C* 
Bishop, Heber (Estate) 
Borland, Mrs. John Jay* 

Crane, R. T.* 

Doane, J. W.* 

Field, Dr. Henry 
Fuller, William A.* 

Graves, George Coe, II* 



Harris, Hayden B. 
Harris, Norman Dwight 
Harris, Mrs. Norman W.* 
Hutchinson, C. L.* 

Keith, Edson* 

Langtry, J. C. 

MacLean, Mrs. M. 

Haddon 
Moore, Mrs. William H. 

Payne, John Barton* 
Pearsons, D. K.* 
Porter, H. H.* 

Ream, Norman B.* 
Re veil, Alexander H.* 

Salie, Prince M. U. M. 
Sprague, A. A.* 
Storey, William Benson* 
Strawn, Silas H. 

Thome, Bruce 
Tree, Lambert* 



$1,000 to $5,000 

Avery, Miss Clara A.* 
Ayer, Mrs. Edward E.* 

Barrett, Samuel E.* 
Bensabott, R., Inc. 
Bishop, Dr. Louis B. 
Blair, Watson F.* 
Blaschke, Stanley 

Field 
Block, Mrs. Helen M.* 
Borden, John 

Chalmers, Mrs. 

William J.* 
Chicago Zoological 

Society, The 



•158 FiKi.n MusKUM of N'attiui, History liKitiRPS. Vol.. 12 



r- "on 

( 

\ioben K.« 

Dwring. O. C. 

FUh. Mm. Krrdcrick S. 

GravM, Honn'. Jr. 
Gunsaulufl. Nliiu Helen 

I! ■• r,.' 

I' . 'Im. 

II m, .1 .lilit-fl J.* 

Hixon. Frank !'.• 

H '■ "■v^ M.ilvina 

li .. rnn.<» S. 

Jackson. Huntinjfton W.* 
Jmm, F. G. 

JUDCB. S. L. 
•Dl 



Kr!   • 
( 

Lm Lin^ VUn 

I^rnrr. ' ' 1 

I>o<)k. .\ 

MnnHH. fVH I... Jr. 

. : T.* 
. Cj-niii !!.• 

Ojden. Mrs. Franrrsi K* 
Osgood. Dr. WilfrtHl H. 

T'-'-- -. Pottrr 
Flpnry J. 

Tr. ■Tm. 

( C. 



K. 
K 
K. 



ric M. 
•'. 4.iiain N.* 



*S 

Shavi.. w ..iuni \s . 
ShorfT, Dr. KArl K. 
Smith. H>Ton L.* 
Spraffue. Albert A. 

TV n. E. I!.* 

T' Mr*. Iy>uiae K. 

VanValzah. Dr. Robert 
VonFrantriuj, FriU* 

Whf^lcr, I.4«lie* 
Willm. L. M. 



Armour. I^^ter 
.\ver>*, S<»well L. 

niair. W. McCormirk 
Block, I/Tormld K. 
Bordon, Junn 



Calderini. Charles J. 
Chadboume, Mrs. Kmily 
Crane 

c^ •• " -. "'"'^p M. 
c . u. c. 

Ch«-rrif, » K. 

Collin.^, .\ 1. 

Conover, Ho.irdman 

C 

Day, I>e<> Gamett 
Dirk. Albert B., Jr. 



Armour, Allison V. 



CORPORATE MEMHF 

Ellsworth. Duncan S. 
Fenton. Howard W. 

Firld. .1 

Fiolfi. n: 
Field, Stanley 
Field. Mrs. Stanley 



T^ -I- Frederick C. 
;. G. Allan 
liarrui, Albert W. 

Insull. Samuel, Jr. 



i..... 



■n Shaw 

..A li. 



\' ■• " ' '•• • , A. 

I. 
Moore, Mn«. Wiiiiam H. 

Dltt-|iuitu>. 1941 

B>Tam. Harr>' E. 



RS 
Probst. Edwmrd 

Richardson. Georfs A. 
Rooaevelt, Kermit 
Roosevelt, Theodore 

Sartfent, ITon>er E. 
Smith, Solomon A- 
Spra^e. Albert A. 
Straus, Mrs. Osmr 
Strawn, Silas H. 
Suares, Mrs. Diego 

Vemay, .\rthur S. 

Wetten. Albert H. 
White, Harold A. 
Wilson. John P. 

Wegeforth. Dr. Harry .M. 



LIFE MEMBERS 
Tkom MJbo hat* eoniribuird $son to tiu M 



Abbott. John Jay 
Adier. Max 
Allerton. Robert H. 
Ames. James C. 
Armour. .\. Watson 
Armour, I>^tpr 
Armour, Mrs. Ogden 
AmoU. Mrs. Max 



Asher, Louis E. 
Averj'. Sewell L. 

Bab B. 

Bar 

K n. Jr. 

Bar. 
Bar; 

Gracia M. F. 



Barrett. Mrs. A. D. 
P.arrett. Robert L. 
Bartlett, Miss Florence 

Dibell 
Baur, Mrs. Jacob 
Bendix, Vincent 
B* ' ■•. R. 
B< . im. Edward J. 

Blaine, Mrs. Fmmons 



Life Members 



459 



Blair, Chauncey B. 
Block, Leopold E. 
Block, Philip D. 
Booth, W. Vernon 
Borden, John 
Borland, Chauncey B. 
Brassert, Herman A. 
Brewster, Walter S. 
Brown, Charles 

Edward 
Browne, Aldis J. 
Buchanan, D. W. 
Budd, Britton I. 
Burnham, John 
Burt, William G. 
Butler, Julius W. 
Butler, Rush C. 

Carpenter, Augustus A. 
Carpenter, Mrs. Hubbard 
Carpenter, Mrs. John 

Alden 
Carr, George R. 
Carr, Robert F. 
Carr, Walter S. 
Casalis, Mrs. Maurice 
Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne 
Clark, Eugene B. 
Clegg, William G. 
Clegg, Mrs. William G. 
Clow, William E. 
Collins, William M. 
Conover, Boardman 
Cook, Mrs. 

Daphne Field 
Corley, F. D. 
Cramer, Corwith 
Crossett, Edward C. 
Crossley, Lady Josephine 
Crossley, Sir Kenneth 
Crowell, H. P. 
Cudahy, Edward A., Jr. 
Cudahy, Joseph M. 
Cummings, Walter J. 
Cunningham, James D. 
Gushing, Charles G. 

Dawes, Charles G. 
Dawes, Henry M. 
Decker, Alfred 
Delano, Frederic A. 
Dick, Albert B., Jr. 
Dierssen, Ferdinand W. 
Dixon, Homer L. 
Donnelley, Thomas E. 
Doyle, Edward J. 
Drake, John B. 
Durand, Scott S. 

Edmunds, Philip S. 
Ely, Mrs. C. Morse 
Epstein, Max 



Ewing, Charles Hull 

Farnum, Henry W. 
Farr, Newton Camp 
Farr, Miss Shirley 
Farwell, Arthur L. 
Farwell, John V. 
Farwell, Walter 
Fay, C. N. 
Fenton, Howard W. 
Fentress, Calvin 
Femald, Charles 
Field, Joseph N. 
Field, Marshall 
Field, Norman 
Field, Mrs. Norman 
Field, Stanley 
Field, Mrs. Stanley 

Gardner, Robert A. 
Gartz, A. F., Jr. 
Gary, Mrs. John W. 
Gilbert, Huntly H. 
Glore, Charles F. 
Goodspeed, Charles B. 
Gowing, J. Parker 

Hack, Frederick C. 
Hamill, Alfred E. 
Hamill, Mrs. Ernest A. 
Harris, Albert W. 
Harris, Norman W. 
Hastings, Samuel M. 
Hayes, William F. 
Hecht, Frank A., Jr. 
Heineman, Oscar 
Hemmens, Mrs. 

Walter P. 
Hibbard, Frank 
Hickox, Mrs. Charles V. 
Hill, Louis W. 
Hinde, Thomas W. 
Hixon, Robert 
Hopkins, J. M. 
Hopkins, L. J. 
Horowitz, L. J. 
Hoyt, N. Landon 
Hughes, Thomas S. 
Hutchins, James C. 

Insull, Martin J. 
Insull, Samuel, Jr. 

Jarnagin, William N. 
Jelke, John F., Jr. 
Joiner, Theodore E. 
Jones, Miss Gwethalyn 

Kelley, Russell P. 
Kidston, William H. 
King, Charles Garfield 
King, James G. 
Kirk, Walter RadclifEe 



Ladd, John 
Lamont, Robert P. 
Lehmann, E. J. 
Leonard, Clifford M. 
Leopold, Mrs. Harold E. 
Levy, Mrs. David M. 
Linn, Mrs. Dorothy C. 
Logan, Spencer H. 
Low den, Frank O. 
Lytton, Henry C. 

MacDowell, Charles H. 
MacLeish, John E. 
MacVeagh, Eames 
Madlener, Mrs. Albert F. 
Marshall, Benjamin H. 
Mason, WiUiam S. 
McBain, Hughs ton M. 
McCormick, Stanley 
McCulloch, Charles A. 
McCutcheon, John T. 
McGann, Mrs. Robert G. 
Mcllvaine, William B. 
Mclnnerney, Thomas H. 
McKinlay, John 
McLaughlin, Frederic 
McLennan, D. R. 
McNulty, T. J. 
Meyer, Carl 
Meyne, Gerhardt F. 
Mitchell, William H. 
Moore, Edward S. 
Morse, Charles H. 
Morton, Mark 
Munroe, Charles A. 
Murphy, Walter P. 

Newell, A. B. 
Nikolas, G. J. 

Ormsby, Dr. Oliver S. 
Orr, Robert M. 

Paesch, Charles A. 
Palmer, Honor6 
Palmer, Potter 
Patterson, Joseph M. 
Payson, George S. 
Peabody, Stuyvesant 
Pick, Albert 
Pike, Eugene R. 
Poppenhusen, Conrad H. 
Porter, Gilbert E. 
Prentice, Mrs. 
Clarence C. 

Raymond, Mrs. Anna 

Louise 
Reynolds, Arthur 
Reynolds, Earle H. 
Riley, Harrison B. 
Rinaldo, Mrs. Phihp S. 
Robinson, Theodore W. 



460 FlKl.1) Mi 



i)F N'ATI RAI. HISTOKY KKI*()KTS. VoL. 12 



w. 



Kieid 
Rivf'"'"!' T*' -"^ •" riifford 

Ku.i.'x ... i \. 

Kyrnioji. : ; !>., Jr. 

Scott. Harold N. 
S«ihur>', ('harl« W. 



(I 



B. 



Sn 



n A. 

h 

,:han ( ". 
-I A. 
AU>ort A 



Armour, Alli.<«on V. 

By ram. narr>- K. 

Cudahy, Edward A. 
CunninRham. Frank S. 



 n» 



Slrawn. Silan I!. 

Stuart. !' ' 

Stuart. J 

v.- 

* • I- 

Sunny. B. K. 
Si^.f. ''harlwi M. 
S F.. Jr. 

Swiii, Harold M. 

Thnrno. ' II. 

Tl -. .ij. 

T i L. F. 



.. ... ruan V. 
DacmAiont. l»4l 
Kvoritt. George B. 

J Mn.. Klizabeth 



Veatch, (teorge I*. 

Wanner. Harry C. 
Ward. I'. ('. 
W.lrh, Mm F^m-in I'. 
!'. 
Tnlia I.. 
Wi vardL. 

^^ A. 









!^nr, Jf^hn P. 



B. 

Winter. Wallace C. 
Woo|l*>y, riarrnre M. 
Wrigloy. Philip K. 

Yates, Davi'1 \T 



McCormick. tiarold F. 
Pflce, Chariest B. 
Srhweppe. Charles H. 



XOX-RESIDKXT LIFE MEMBERS 

Tkomt residing fifty miUt or mort from the city of Chicago, tchn hart 



Id J.. Jr. 
.ilT 



EUb. Ralph 
Gregg. John Wyatt 



cnntrHntttd $100 to tht MuMrum 

!' .X 

li .. ........ .Mrs. 

I>elmar W. 

Johnnon, Herbert F., Jr. 
Knsenwald, Leasing J. 

DnrKMXtt. 1941 

Siebel, Emil A. 



s. W. C. 

. i .Mm. 

Edgar B. 

Vemay, Arthur S. 

Zerk, OwTir U. 



Associate Members 



461 



ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 

Those who have contributed $100 to the Museum 



Aaron, Charles 
Aaron, Ely M. 
Abbott, Donald 

Putnam, Jr. 
Abbott, Gordon C. 
Abbott, Guy H. 
Abbott, W. Rufus 
Abbott, William L. 
Abrahamsen, Miss Cora 
Abrams, Duff A, 
Ackerman, Charles N. 
Adamick, Gustave H. 
Adams, Benjamin Stearns 
Adams, Mrs. Charles S. 
Adams, Mrs. David T. 
Adams, Mrs. Frances 

Sprogle 
Adams, Miss Jane 
Adams, John Q. 
Adams, Joseph 
Adams, Mrs. S. H. 
Adams, Mrs. Samuel 
Adams, William C. 
Adamson, Henry T. 
Adcock, Mrs. Bessie 
Adler, David 
Adler, Mrs. Max 
Affleck, Benjamin F. 
Ahlschlager, Walter W. 
Aishton, Richard H. 
Albee, Mrs. Harry W. 
Alden, William T. 
Aldis, Graham 
Alexander, Mrs. Arline V. 
Alexander, Edward 
Alford, Mrs. Laura T. C. 
Allen, Mrs. Fred G. 
AUensworth, A. P. 
AUin, J. J. 
Alsip, Charles H. 
Alsip, Mrs. Charles H. 
Alter, Harry 
Alton, Carol W. 
Ames, Rev. Edward S. 
Andersen, Arthur 
Anderson, Mrs. Alma K. 
Anderson, Miss Florence 

Regina 
Andreen, Otto C. 
Andrews, Mrs. E. C. 
Andrews, Milton H. 
Anstiss, George P. 
Appelt, Mrs. Jessie E. 
Armbrust, John T. 
Armbruster, Charles A. 
Armour, A. Watson, III 
Armour, Laurance H. 
Armour, Philip D. 



Armstrong, Mrs. Julian 
Armstrong, Kenneth E. 
Arn, W. G. 
Arnold, Mrs. Lloyd 
Artingstall, Samuel 

G., Jr. 
Ascher, Fred 
Ashcraft, Raymond M. 
Ashenhurst, Harold S. 
Atkinson, Charles T. 
Atwater, Walter Hull 
Aurelius, Mrs. Marcus A. 
Austin, E. F. 
Austin, Henry W. 
Avery, George J. 

Baackes, Mrs. Frank 
Babb, W. E. 
Babson, Mrs. Gustavus 
Bachmann, Mrs. 

Harrold A. 
Bachmeyer, Dr. 

Arthur C. 
Bacon, Dr. Alfons R. 
Badger, Shreve Cowles 
Baer, Mervin K. 
Baer, Walter S. 
Bagby, John C. 
Baggaley, William Blair 
Baird, Harry K. 
Baker, Mrs. Alfred L. 
Baker, G. W. 
Baker, Greeley 
Baldwin, Mrs. 

Katharine W. 
Baldwin, Vincent Curtis 
Balgemann, Otto W. 
Balkin, Louis 
Ball, Dr. Fred E. 
Ball, Sidney Y. 
Ballard, Mrs. Foster K. 
Ballenger, A. G. 
Banes, W. C. 
Banks, Edgar C. 
Bannister, Miss Ruth D. 
Bantsolas, John N. 
Barber, Phil C. 
Barbour, James J. 
Bargquist, Miss 

Lillian D. 
Barkhausen, L. H. 
Barnes, Cecil 
Barnes, Mrs. Charles 

Osborne 
Barnes, James M. 
Barnett, Otto R. 
Barnhart, Mrs. A. M. 
Barnum, Harry H. 



Barr, Mrs. Alfred H. 
Barrett, Mrs. A. M. 
Bartelme, John H. 
Bartholomae, Mrs. Emma 
Bartholomay, F. H. 
Bartholomay, Henry 
Bartholomay, Mrs. 

William, Jr. 
Bartlett, Frederic C. 
Barton, Mrs. Enos M. 
Basile, William B. 
Bast a, George A. 
Bastian, Charles L. 
Bateman, Floyd L. 
Bates, Mrs. A. M. 
Bates, Joseph A. 
Battey, Paul L. 
Bauer, Aleck 
Baum, Mrs. James E. 
Baum, Wilhelm 
Bausch, William C. 
Beach, Miss Bess K. 
Beach, E. Chandler 
Beachy, Mrs. Walter F. 
Beatty, H. W. 
Becker, Benjamin F. 
Becker, Benjamin V. 
Becker, Frederick G. 
Becker, Herman T. 
Becker, James H. 
Becker, Louis 
Becker, Louis L. 
Beddoes, Hubert 
Behr, Mrs. Edith 
Beidler, Francis, II 
Bell, Mrs. Laird 
Bender, Charles J. 
Benjamin, Jack A. 
Benner, Harry 
Bennett, Professor 

J. Gardner 
Bennett, Reid M. 
Benson, John 
Benson, Mrs. 

Thaddeus R. 
Bentley, Arthur 
Bentley, Mrs. Cyrus 
Benton, Miss Mabel M. 
Berend, George F. 
Berger, Dr. John M. 
Berkowitz, Dr. J. G. 
Berkson, Mrs. Maurice 
Berry, V. D. 
Berryman, John B. 
Bersbach, Elmer S. 
Bertol, Miss Aurelia 
Bertschinger, Dr. C. F. 
Besly, Mrs. C. H. 



162 FlKI-D MlSKlM OK N'aTI'RAL HlSTt)RY Kki»<)RTs. Vol. 12 



m. Dr. 
I»r. A- 

< A. 

-a W 
. Dr. J. K. 
\fr* AlVn-rt J. 



m A. 



th 



Mird, Miiw Krantr* 
Birk, Mivi Amelia 
I'irk, Krnnk J. 



, Howard P. 
V Martha V. 

K. 

ill 
im, ohver A. 
tM.il rvfii.in, Nathan I., 
niair, Nfrn. M. Harbour 
HIair. V ' ' ormick 
niair. \ 
niakn. i itlany 
HIT ' ' ' i. Cartrr 
ni . Dr. Frank 

ninynoy, Thoman C. 
>r. Robort 

niork. L. 

•■• ' I :...;p D.. Jr. 
. Mp«. IxHipold 
• Sidney M. 
;...;;,. . '..vid 
Blum. Harr>* H. 

:»in 



Bo«Ticke. \ln. Anna 
Bo«»ttr» '   H. 



. . :•.. Id 

-. Pr. Paul C. 



» _. V- 

i'. V 



K. 



Dr. Hohusiav 
.yinn. Mr=«. Thome 
. Mr?. I/ouiw* 

Bo' .V 

Bowpy, Mrs. Charl«>? F. 



tkjyd. Mm. T. i 

H ' . 

I; 



\ I. 

rk r. 

. . V. 

.. A. Ballard 



I 
1 
! 
I: 

r 

I; .lie 

P- irT. 

1 

Br^.'..i. '. G. 

Brand. S'. 

Brandw. \. ti. 

I; J.' 

1 raul 

I. 

l'rofiTv»«>r .*^. P. 
Brrmnrr, Mrs. David 

F.. Jr. 

V '■ V:o. Mi-is Juno 

I . Nfrs. (fOorKP K. 

1 . Dr. Joseph 

IS.- L.^ 

Brrnnwx<«!M»r, S. M. 
Br^nza. Miw Mar>' 
Brewpr, Mrs. .Anjtoline L. 
Brryrr. Mr?. Thoodor 
Bri K-.-. Arnold 
1 Irs. (Irrtrude 

hr.^ ., Jiimrs T. 
Brrvk. A J 

V C. 
l; 

Brown, A. Wiidrr 
Brown. C'hrvsty 
Brown. Mrs. Kvorett C. 
Brown, J 

Brown. I ua M. 

Brown, Mark A. 
Brown. S<^tt 
Brurker. Dr. Kdward A. 
r- - "'  rn T. 

I- . •'. 

Br\indai:r. \\-fry 

V- k. I-arry 

I'. P. 

Bry-ant. John J., Jr. 
Buck. Guy R. 
Buck. Nelsnn I>eroy 
P ''- " --n 

V R 
p. J. 

I '.in> ' arl 

V. H. L. 

Buettner, Walter J. 



Ill .Mr». 

 ^ 

'imann. 

\\n. Albert J. 
' '-".Theodore W, 

. B. 

. - .t\n S. 
K. .Mrs. Alfred S. 

' ■' r. 

NT 



I )«^<'S 

-. Dr. J. F. 
: . . Ir?. Clarence A. 

liumham. Frederic 
Bum.?. Mrs. Randall W. 
Burrv, \frs William 



Butler. Mumdge D. 
Butler, Mrs. Hermon B. 
Butler, John M. 
 - il 

•ert R. 
Butz. Robert O. 
Butr, Theodore C. 
Butzow. Mrs. Robert C. 



;i 



Cable, J. Klmer 
Cahn, Dr. Alvin R. 
Cahn, Bertram J. 
Cahn, Morton D. 
Caine, John F. 
Caine. I>oon J. 
Callender, Mrs. 

Joaeph K. 
Ciilm^vr. Frank B. 

Dan U. 
... •■.... J. 
Camp, Mm. Arthur 

Royce 
Campbell, Delwin M. 
... - -• J. 

.Ir 
Canman, Richard W. 
Capeji, I^w" • ' ". 
Tapps. Dr \ 

' " ''rs. Uiovanni 

J. 
( ari<"^n, Mr*. .Arthur W. 
Carney, Thoma.i J. 
Camey, William Roy 
O. J. 

er. Mm. Benjamin 
Carpenter, Frederic Ive« 



Associate Members 



463 



Carpenter, Mrs. George A. 
Carpenter, George 

Sturges 
Carpenter, Hubbard 
Carpenter, Miss Rosalie 

Sturges, II 
Carpenter, W. W. S. 
Carqueville, Mrs. A. R. 
Carr, Mrs. Clyde M. 
Carroll, John A. 
Carry, Joseph C. 
Carter, Mrs. Armistead B. 
Carton, Alfred T. 
Gary, Dr. Eugene 
j Casselberry, Mrs. William 

Evans, Sr. 
Cassels, Edwin H. 
Castle, Alfred C. 
Castruccio, Giuseppe 
Gates, Dudley 
Cernoch, Frank 
Chandler, Henry P. 
Chapin, Henry Kent 
Chapin, William Arthur 
Chapman, Arthur E. 
Chappell, Mrs. Charles H. 
Cheney, Dr. Henry W. 
Cherry, Walter L., Jr. 
Childs, Mrs. C. 

Frederick 
Childs, Mrs. George W. 
Chinnock, Mrs. Ronald J. 
Chisholm, George D. 
Chislett, Miss Kate E. 
Christiansen, Dr. Henry 
Chritton, George A. 
Churan, Charles A. 
Clark, Ainsworth W. 
Clark, Miss Alice Keep 
Clark, Charles V. 
Clark, Miss Dorothy S. 
Clark, Mrs. Edward S. 
Clark, Edwin H. 
Clark, Dr. Peter S. 
Clarke, Charles F. 
Clarke, Harley L. 
Clay, John 

Clemen, Dr. Rudolf A, 
Cleveland, Paul W. 
Clifford, Fred J., Jr. 
Clinch, Duncan L. 
Clithero, W. S. 
Clonick, Seymour E. 
Clough, William H. 
Clow, Mrs. Harry B. 
Clow, William E., Jr. 
Cochran, John L. 
Coffin, Fred Y. 
Cohen, George B. 
Cohen, Mrs. L. Lewis 
Colburn, Frederick S. 
Colby, Mrs. George E. 



Coldren, Clifton C. 
Coleman, Clarence L., Jr. 
Coleman, Dr. George H. 
Coleman, Loring W. 
Colianni, Paul V. 
Collins, Beryl B. 
Collison, E. K. 
Colvin, Miss Catharine 
Colvin, Miss Jessie 
Colvin, Mrs. William H. 
Colwell, Clyde C. 
Compton, Mrs. 

Arthur H. 
Compton, D. M. 
Compton, Frank E. 
Condon, Mrs. James G. 
Conger, Miss Cornelia 
Connell, P. G. 
Conners, Harry 
Connor, Mrs. Clara A. 
Connor, Frank H. 
Cook, Miss Alice B. 
Cook, Mrs. David S. 
Cook, Jonathan Miller 
Cooke, Charles E. 
Cooke, Miss Flora 
Cooke, Leslie L. 
Coolidge, Miss Alice 
Coolidge, E. Channing 
Coolidge, Dr. Edgar D. 
Coombs, James F. 
Coonley, John Stuart 
Coonley, Prentiss L. 
Cooper, Samuel 
Copland, David 
Corbett, Mrs. William J. 
Cornell, Dr. Edward L. 
Cosford, Thomas H. 
Coston, James E. 
Cowan, Mrs. Grace L. 
Cox, James A. 
Cox, James C. 
Cox, Mrs. Rensselaer W. 
Cox, William D. 
Cragg, Mrs. George L. 
Crane, Charles R., II 
Crego, Mrs. Dominica S. 
Crerar, Mrs. John 
Crilly, Edgar 
Cromer, Clarence E. 
Cromwell, Miss Juliette 

Clara 
Crowder, Dr. Thomas R. 
Cubbins, Dr. William R. 
Cudahy, Edward I. 
Culbertson, Dr. Carey 
Cummings, Mrs. D. 

Mark 
Cummings, Mrs. 

Frances S. 
Cuneo, John F. 
Curran, Harry R. 



Curtis, Austin 
Guthrie, Jr. 
Curtis, Mrs. Charles S. 
Curtis, Miss Frances H. 
Cusack, Harold 
Cushman, A. W. 
Cushman, Barney 
Cutler, Henry E. 
Cuttle, Harold E. 

Dahlberg, Bror G. 
Daily, Richard 
Daley, Harry C. 
Dalmar, Mrs. Hugo 
Dalmar, Hugo, Jr. 
Dammann, J. F. 
Danforth, Dr. William C. 
Dangel, W. H. 
Dantzig, Leonard P. 
Darlington, Joseph F. 
Darrow, Paul E. 
Dashiell, C. R. 
Daughaday, C. Colton 
Davey, Mrs. Bruce C. 
David, Dr. Vernon C. 
Davidonis, Dr. 

Alexander L. 
Davidson, David W. 
Davidson, Miss Mary E. 
Davies, Marshall 
Davis, Arthur 
Davis, Brode B. 
Davis, C. S. 
Davis, Dr. Carl B. 
Davis, Frank S. 
Davis, Fred M. 
Davis, James 
Davis, Dr. Loyal 
Davis, Dr. Nathan 

S., Ill 
Dawes, E. L. 
Deahl, Uriah S. 
Deane, Mrs. Ruthven 
Decker, Charles 0. 
DeCosta, Lewis M. 
DeDardel, Carl O. 
Dee, Thomas J. 
Deery, Thomas A., Jr. 
Degen, David 
DeGolyer, Robert S. 
DeKoven, Mrs. John 
DeLee, Dr. Joseph B. 
DeLemon, H. R. 
Demaree, H. S. 
Deming, Everett G. 
Dempster, Mrs. 

Charles W. 
Deneen, Mrs. Charles S. 
Denison, Mrs. John 

Porter 
Denkewalter, W. E. 
Denman, Mrs. Burt J. 



'UA FiKLi) MrsKi M OF N'atiral History- Rki*orts. Vol. 12 



r , Jr. 



• .. .. I .;::..• I. 
Im Vvrry I>. 

. .'..•.; 1 

I ►irk. K"!^*)?! 
Dirk. Klmor J. 
hirk, Mr5. Homor T. 



n 

I' 



K. 
M. 



t>- 



Dixon, 
Dixon, 
Doctor 



Do*.., 
boerr, 



i )olr«w, 

Donkrr 
Donlnn 



F. K. 

"H. 

n 
..irry L. 

Mrs. Hprmiin 
n. .Xaf' '" "r 
. Miss 1 . -h 
.Man C. 
G«H)rii<» W., Jr. 

Inidor 

Mm. Paul C. 
•. Mr^. 
J., Jr. 

•  r. 

, p.. Sr. 
.;>,« .\nna 
if 
Mr?. J'ihn 
, Mrs. W "i.^m 
. Mn«. E. 

t. P. 



Donohup, Kdcar T. 
Dorockp. Joseph, Jr. 
Donrhpl. Q P. 

.Jr. 
.^.. ... ,. in 
DoukIw. Mn>. W. A. 
Or • M. 

I)r- MoUm> 

I)r>-firn, Mm. (iporjto B. 
Dubhs. C. P. 
Dudlpy, Ij»ur»»nc« H. 
Dngan, A  G. 

Dulany, ii^ .^ a., Jr. 
DuUky. Mm. Samuol 

n •• J. 

D. 

Duner. l)r. Clarence S. 
Dunpr. Joseph A. 
Ounham. John H. 
Dunham. Mim Lucy 

Belle 
Dunham, Robert J. 
D ' " P*on 

D. 
Dupee. Mrs. K. Kennett 



 »!....•< 



T 



y 

y A. 

y iVrry H. 

K. ., . Nfrn I/iuis 

Kddy. T' !. 

Edwartls. .Si ' -h K. 

Edward?". K' 

Kjtan. \V 

Edoff. I - iv 

F'hrman. il. 

K-  - <i K. 

y .V. 

y M. 

K am B. 

y.   .;.,.. ;.;,-.. oito 

K>'  •nxit, Harry 
F n. Sol 

F  .T 

1 

K... ... .: m 

Ellbocm. Albert L. 
F" "Hd Celia 

y k II. 

Ellin. Howard 

EltinK. Howard 

Emory, F.dward W. 

F .' --. Mias Ruth M. 

1 J 

y " ' ta 

] 

} . Mm. (.. Pardee 

I , -.., Y. 

I >-r F. 

}- ■-«> 

1- .A. 

J- 



! 



I 



Kvan.o, '■ 



- H. 

•1. Wolf 



na B. 
.-id 



F.van.*. f v;»ii .\. 
p:wpr. W." .»m R. T. 



r 



Kabry. 
Farkt. M. . 
Fadpr. A. L. 
FajTPt. JamM E. 
Fahprty. R'^g^r 
Faithorn. Walter E 



H. 
r«cP. 



Harry J. 

J. 
• .  J.. Jr. 
rjil^th 

i Jr. 

Fay. y ■•» M. 

Fi- v.- ink J. 

man 



'\ . 
-1 
•»p<^rge 
I.. ''hark«H. 

Mri. 

ArU.;ir C. 
y^'ir:'*. Robert C. 

.. Robert W. 
i  . .,. . .Mm. Frank F. 
Fptrher. Edwin S. 
Fptter. Wade 
Fip^. Mm. E. E. 

. . Mm. Roderick 
:...in. Osrar 
I-'inlpy. Max H. 
Finnegan, I' "--— ! J. 
Finnpr^id. "k W. 



n. Dr. Morria 
r. *•-». Edward 

M. 

, Mm. John A. 
hTa\Tn, Kdwin F. 
Heminjc. Mm. Joseph B. 
npxnpr. W.vhinirton 
Flood. '■ 

nomh.  M. 

Flomho'.rr.. ir\ing S. 
¥].-■■ ■■•'■ Mm. 
',■ 

•" :. .Mm. G. E. 

. Nfm. Robert J. 
F< ^m. Richard S. 

Forrh. NTr' John L., Jr. 
Ford. Mm. W:' "'ind 
Forrman. Mr K. 

Foreman. ' ' Ij- 

?'orpman. G., Jr. 

Foreman. Mm. Gerhard 
Forem- iJ - ^'' E. 
Forga: Jr- 

Forga' 
Forga; 

Forman, < - • 
Forrester. .Mr.^. v.. \S . 
Fomtall, James J. 
Fortune, Miaa Joanna 



Associate Members 



465 



Foster, Mrs. Charles K. 
Foster, Volney 
Fowler, Miss Elizabeth 
Fox, Charles E. 
Fox, Jacob Logan 
Fox, Dr. Paul C. 
Fox, Dr. Philip 
Frank, Arthur A. 
FVank, Dr. Ira 
Frank, Mrs. Joseph K. 
Frankenstein, William B. 
Frankenthal, Dr. 

Lester E., Jr. 
Franklin, Mrs. George 

De Haven 
Frazer, Mrs. George E. 
Freedman, Dr. I. Val 
Freeland, Dr. M. R. 
Freeman, Charles Y. 
Freer, Archibald E. 
Freiler, Abraham J. 
French, Dudley K. 
Frenier, A. B. 
Freudenthal, G. S. 
Frey, Charles Daniel 
Freyn, Henry J. 
Fridstein, Meyer 
Friedlander, Jacob 
Friedlich, Mrs. Herbert 
Friedman, Mrs. Isaac K. 
Friend, Mrs. Henry K. 
Friestedt, Arthur A. 
Frisbie, Chauncey O. 
Frost, Mrs. Charles 

Sumner 
Fuller, Mrs. Gretta 

Patterson 
Fuller, Judson M. 
Furry, William S. 
Furst, Eduard A. 

Gabathuler, Miss Juanita 
Gabriel, Adam 
Gaertner, William 
Gale, G. Whittier 
Gale, Henry G. 
Gall, Charles H. 
Gall, Harry T. 
Gallagher, Mrs. John J. 
Gallup, Rockwell 
Gait, Mrs. A. T. 
Gamble, D. E. 
Gamble, James A. 
Gann, David B. 
Gansbergen, Mrs. F. H. 
Garcia, Jose 
Garden, Hugh M. G. 
Gardiner, Mrs. John L. 
Gardner, Addison L. 
Gardner, Addison 

L., Jr. 
Gardner, Henry A. 



Gardner, Mrs. James P. 
Garen, Joseph F. 
Garrison, Dr. Lester E. 
Gates, Mrs. L. F. 
Gawne, Miss Clara V. 
Gay, Rev. A. Royal 
Gaylord, Duane W. 
Gear, H. B. 
Gehl, Dr. W. H. 
Gehrmann, Felix 
Geiger, Alfred B. 
Gelling, Dr. E. M. K. 
Gentz, Miss Margaret 

Nina 
George, Mrs. Albert B. 
Georgs, Fred W. 
Gerber, Max 
Gerding, R. W. 
Geringer, Charles M. 
Gerngross, Mrs. Leo 
Gettelman, Mrs. 

Sidney H. 
Getz, Mrs. James R. 
Getzoff, E. B. 
Gibbs, Dr. John Phillip 
Gibbs, Richard F. 
Gibson, Dr. Stanley 
Gidwitz, Alan K. 
Gielow, Walter C. 
Gifford, Mrs. 

Frederick C. 
Gilbert, Miss Clara C. 
Gilchrist, Mrs. John F. 
Gilchrist, Mrs. 

William Albert 
Giles, Carl C. 
Giles, Mrs. Guy H. 
Gillette, Mrs. Ellen D. 
Gillson, Louis K. 
Ginther, Miss Minnie C. 
Girard, Mrs. Anna 
Glaescher, Mrs. G. W. 
Glasner, Rudolph W. 
Godehn, Paul M. 
Goedke, Charles F. 
Goehst, Mrs. John Henry 
Goes, Mrs. Arthur A. 
Golden, Dr. Isaac J. K. 
Goldenberg, Sidney D. 
Goldfine, Dr. Ascher H. C. 
Golding, Robert N. 
Goldsmith, Mitchel 
Goldstein, Nathan S. 
Goldstine, Dr. Mark T. 
Goldy, Walter I. 
Goltra, Mrs. William B. 
Goode, Mrs. Rowland T. 
Gooden, G. E. 
Goodman, Benedict K. 
Goodman, Mrs. Milton F. 
Goodman, W. J. 
Goodman, William E. 



Goodwin, Clarence 

Norton 
Goodwin, George S. 
Gordon, Miss Bertha F. 
Gordon, Harold J. 
Gordon, Dr. Richard J. 
Gordon, Mrs. Robert D. 
Gorrell, Mrs. Warren 
Gradle, Dr. Harry S. 
Graf, Robert J. 
Grafif, Oscar C. 
Graham, Douglas 
Graham, E. V. 
Graham, Miss 

Margaret H. 
Gramm, Mrs. Helen 
Granger, Mrs. Everett J. 
Grant, James D. 
Grant, John G. 
Graves, Howard B. 
Grawoig, Allen 
Gray, Dr. Earle 
Green, Miss Mary 

Pomeroy 
Green, Robert D. 
Greenburg, Dr. Ira E. 
Greene, Henry E. 
Greenebaum., James E. 
Greenebaum, M. E., Jr. 
Greenlee, Mrs. William 

Brooks 
Greenman, Mrs. Earl C. 
Gregory, Clifford V. 
Gregory, Mrs. Robert B. 
Gregory, Stephen 

S., Jr. 
Gregory, Tappan 
Gressens, Otto 
Grey, Charles F. 
Grey, Dr. Dorothy 
Griest, Mrs, Marianna L. 
Griff enhagen, Mrs. 

Edwin 0. 
Griffith, Mrs. Carroll L. 
Griffith, E. L. 
Griffith, Mrs. William 
Griffiths, George W. 
Grimm, Walter H. 
Griswold, Harold T. 
Grizzard, James A. 
Gronkowski, Rev. C. I. 
Groot, Cornelius J. 
Groot, Lawrence A. 
Gross, Henry R. 
Grossman, Frank I. 
Grotenhuis, Mrs. 

William J. 
Grotowski, Dr. Leon 
Gruhn, Alvah V. 
Grulee, Lowry K. 
Grunow, Mrs. William C. 
Guenzel, Louis 



466 FiKi.1) Ml SKIM OF Natuiul Histouy KKFt)RTs. Vol. 12 



G 

G 

G 

G:.. ... 

Gumian. 

G 

G 



T. 
r J. 
 n K. 

P. 

I. 



Ha.15, Maiiricr 
Ha.Jlry. Mn.. F.dnrin Nf. 
Mr-' - Mn. 

C. Jr. 

Hn^t li, .Mm. Dnxat 
Haicrn. Krrd J. 
ilagi nx. Dr. Garrott J. 
Hajfnrr, FrrH I.. 
IlaiKht, Grorico I. 
Hair. T. K. 
M.T-i-r^V-. r.i:rl-.!ph F. 
n rS. 

M..,. , ,...•! 

Fln'.r. n. 

Hall. ! v. 

Ha!!. • B. 

H J. n. 

H.. \ ,.. .t K 

H.. 

Haj- :;:.. 

Hamil!. N! nt A. 

Hamill, Ki»i)«Tt W. 

Hamlin, I'aul I). 

Hamm, Frrd B. 

Hammonichmidt, Sin. 

G«HiTT«» F. 
H. Mi.iw 

M. 
Hammond, Thomas S. 
H.T- ' ' -.- W. 
H. . I.. 



Hanw-n, Jamb W. 
Hart!' r, John H. 
Hardip. G»>»irjr»» F. 

H. 

f'owdrn 
T. 

Harm*. Van 1 »■ - • :. 
Harp«^r. .Mfrrd i . 
Unr'-ia. \fr^ Abraham 
J. 
. - : . :i I.. 
Ham.o. Haydpn B. 
" - "- Morbort L. 
A. 

»m M. 
. A. O. 
Hart^^hom, Krnnpth I.,. 
J. 



\V. 

. Mp». (M-orijp K. 

' ' - !! 

A iiiiam 



Hay.-*. M. 

n , ,• 



irv K. 
" .•! W. 
A. 

•n H. 
im H. 



: K. 

1 ...n C. 

i 

. K. 

Jr. 
1 L. 

1:  ... :.... .J< 

Hoino. Mrs. ,\lbert 

II. .. „. .. , . .,j. 

rl 
arl 



Marie 

i .• :.. ... I Aard 
\'.>V.>T, .Mbort 
Hfllf-r. J'.hn A. 
H.".'. N!~= Wnltpr K. 



1 1 , 



'.er 



Har^p-py. Hiiiman H. 



' nne C. 

1 B. G. 

1 

1 H. 

I: ^ . M: . 

Abraham J. 
Hrnr>-, Huntington B. 
H«»nr\-. (Mtn 

! TldC. 

1- . : 

Kaymond .^. 
Hernrk. Charlf* K. 
Horrirk, Miv<« I^otiiae 

r. - 

r • IP L. 

Hmhry, J. ( iart'nr*' 

H"- \fr^. FrtHl 

I' ,:. I^wrrnrr 

l- 

y I)., Jr. 

Hm, Nlr^. Alfred 

Hpun. Arthur 

Heverly, F.arl L. 

H-  " • ,S. 

V. 

Hiinnnn, John 



am, Harlow n. 
- ' ' ' - W. 

.Ir. 

I). 



II 

H 
U 
II 
li 
Hill, ' 

Hdl. V. 

Hill. William K. 
Hi" ' " ' .nn 
H .-n K. 

H S. 

H. . . :.. 

Himrod. Mr». >>«nk W. 
Hind. Mm. John Dwight 
Hinklc. Knm O. 



K. 



W. R. 



Hin«rH»rg. 

Himrh. J. 

Hi-itH. J 

H- 

H 

H 

H 



H. K. 

Ho'timan, i )r. K. H. 
Hoior, WiII--»m V 
Holden. V \. 

Hollann, i t. >S iiiiam E. 
Holiidav. W. J. 
Hollir.,- . R. G. 

Hollij.. . L. 

Hollister, Francis H. 
HolmM, (]' -r- '. 
Holmfs, \' -rirt F. 

H. Maud G. 

H. im 

Hoim«^. Wiiiiam N. 
Holt. Mi.i' ' "'- 
Homan. M vv>m L. 

v. Mm. Jame« M. 
-. F. K. 
Ho. ■. .r. Mm. Frank K. 
Hoovrr, Mm. Fred W 
Hoovrr, H. Karl 
Hoovf- 'P. 
Hopo. 

Hopkins. M- .^.'-f^ M. 
Hopkin"", .Mr. Jan;*-? 

M.. Jr. 
Horrhrr. William W. 
Homp. Mm. William 

Dodgr, Jr. 
Hornor. Dr. Da\id A. 
Homer. Mm. Maurice 

L., Jr. 
Homung, Joseph J. 
'"urt A. 
... George T. 
HorUm, Hiram T. 



Associate Members 



467 



Horton, Horace B. 
Horween, Arnold 
Hosbein, Louis H. 
Hosmer, Philip B. 
Hettinger, Adolph 
Howard, Willis G. 
Howe, Clinton W. 
Howe, Mrs. Pierce 

Lyman 
Howe, Warren D. 
Howe, William G. 
Howell, Albert S. 
Howell, William 
Howes, Mrs. Frank W. 
Howse, Richard G. 
Hoyne, Thomas Temple 
Hoyt, Mrs. Phelps B. 
Hubbard, George W. 
Huber, Dr. Harry Lee 
Hudson, Walter L. 
Huey, Mrs. A. S. 
Huff, Thomas D. 
Hufty, Mrs. F. P. 
Huggins, Dr. Ben H. 
Hughes, George A. 
Hughes, John E. 
Hughes, John W. 
Hulbert, Mrs. Milan H. 
Hume, John T. 
Humphrey, H. K. 
Huncke, Herbert S. 
Huncke, Oswald W. 
Hunter, Samuel M. 
Hurley, Edward N., Jr. 
Huston, Ward T. 
Huszagh, R. LeRoy 
Huszagh, Ralph D. 
Hutchinson, Foye P. 
Hutchinson, Samuel S. 
Hyatt, R. C. 

Ickes, Raymond 
Idelman, Bernard 
Ilg, Robert A. 
Illich, George M., Jr. 
Ingalls, Allin K. 
Inlander, Samuel 
Irons, Dr. Ernest E. 
Isaacs, Charles W., Jr. 
Isham, Henry P. 
Ives, Clifford E. 

Jackson, Allan 
Jackson, Archer L. 
Jackson, Mrs. Arthur S. 
Jackson, Miss Laura E. 
Jacobi, Miss Emily C. 
Jacobs, Hyman A. 
Jacobs, Julius 
Jacobs, Louis G. 
Jacobs, Walter H. 
Jacobs, Whipple 
Jacobson, Raphael 



Jaffray, Mrs. David S. 
James, Edward P. 
James, William R. 
Jameson, Clarence W. 
Janusch, Fred W. 
Jaques, Mrs. Louis 

Tallmadge 
Jarchow, Mrs. C. E. 
Jarchow, Charles C. 
Jarratt, Mrs. Walter J. 
Jeffries, F. L. 
Jenkins, David F. D. 
Jenkins, Mrs. John E. 
Jenkinson, Mrs. 

Arthur Gilbert 
Jennings, Ode D. 
Jennings, Mrs. Rosa V. 
Jerger, Wilbur Joseph 
Jetzinger, David 
Jirka, Dr. Frank J. 
Jirka, Dr. Robert H. 
John, Dr. Findley D. 
Johnson, Alvin O. 
Johnson, Arthur L. 
Johnson, H. C. 
Johnson, Mrs. Harley 

Alden 
Johnson, Joseph M. 
Johnson, Nels E. 
Johnson, Mrs. O. W. 
Johnson, Olaf B. 
Johnson, Philip C. 
Johnston, Arthur C. 
Johnston, Edward R. 
Johnston, Mrs. Hubert 

McBean 
Johnston, Mrs. M. L. 
Johnstone, George A. 
Jones, Albert G. 
Jones, James B. 
Jones, Dr. Margaret M. 
Jones, Melvin 
Jones, Miss Susan E. 
Joseph, Mrs. Jacob G. 
Joseph, Louis L. 
Joy, Guy A. 
Joyce, Joseph 
Judson, Clay 
Juergens, H. Paul 
Julien, Victor R. 
Junkunc, Stephen 

Kaercher, A. W. 
Kahn, J. Kesner 
Kahn, Louis 
Kaine, James B. 
Kane, Jerome M. 
Kanter, Jerome J. 
Kaplan, Nathan D. 
Karcher, Mrs. Leonard D. 
Karpen, Michael 
Kasch, Frederick M. 



Kaspar, Otto 

Katz, Mrs. Sidney L. 

Katzenstein, Mrs. 

George P. 
Katzin, Frank 
Kauffman, Mrs. R. K 
Kauffmann, Alfred 
Kaufmann, Dr. 

Gustav L. 
Kavanagh, Clarence H. 
Kavanagh, Maurice F 
Kay, Mrs. Marie E. 
Keefe, Mrs. George I. 
Keehn, George W. 
Keene, Mrs. Joseph 
Keeney, Albert F. 
Kehl, Robert Joseph 
Keith, Stanley 
Keith, Mrs. Stanley 
Kelker, Rudolph F., Jr. 
Kellogg, John L. 
Kelly, Edward T. 
Kelly, Mrs. Haven Core 
Kemp, Mrs. E. M. 
Kemper, Hathaway G. 
Kempner, Harry B. 
Kempner, Stan 
Kendall, Mrs. Virginia H. 
Kendrick, John F. 
Kennedy, Mrs. E. J. 
Kennedy, Lesley 
Kennelly, Martin H. 
Kent, Dr. O. B. 
Keogh, Gordon E. 
Kern, H. A. 
Kern, Trude 
Kersey, Glen B. 
Kerwin, Edward M. 
Kesner, Jacob L. 
Kestnbaum, Meyer 
Kettering, Mrs. 

Eugene W. 
Kiessling, Mrs. Charles S. 
Kile, Miss Jessie J. 
Kimball, Mrs. Curtis N. 
Kimball, William W. 
Kimbark, Mrs. Eugene 

Underwood 
Kimbark, John R. 
King, Clinton B. 
King, Joseph H. 
Kingman, Mrs. Arthur G. 
Kinsey, Frank 
Kinsey, Robert S. 
Kintzel, Richard 
Kirchheimer, Max 
Kirkland, Mrs. 

Weymouth 
Kitchen, Howell W. 
Kittredge, R. J. 
Kitzelman, Otto 
Klein, Arthur F. 



468 FiKLi) MusBUM OF Xatiral History REfoRTs, Vol. 12 



Kl \. 

Ki- imucl 

Klrjnp^'ii. i*r. Honry H. 

K!.-i»' VT'j IT,^r^• 

k' im M. 

K. : T. Arthur C 

k; 

Klinrt*>p, Mra.ChftrlfnW 
Knopf, Andrew J. 
Knolt, Mm. Stephen H. 
Knox. Harr>' S. 
Kn'i»»'in. (»*»orp»« If. 
K J. 

K- .i. 

Kochfl, .\ujru5t 
Kn-- • ^'' ". '-rt T. 
K. nc L. 

Kohi»r, l.rii" L. 
KohUaat, Kdward C. 
Komi.'w, I)a\-id S. 
Kon5ber^, .VKin V. 
Kopf. Muw I.nabel 

K- '  niju»- 

Kosobud, Wiiiiam F. 
Kotal, John A. 
Kotin. George N. 
Kourky. Pr. J. D. 
Kovar. St«'f.in 
Krabor, Mrs. h'redoricka 
Kraft. C. H. 
Kraft, Jamc5 L. 
Kraft, Norman 
Kralovrr, Kmil (i. 
Kralovrr. Mrs. Otto J. 
Kramer, Ix-rny 
Krauji, Peter J. 
KrauA. Samuel B. 
KrauJir. John J. 
Kr • r. Dr. 

i L. 

Kretvrhmcr, Herman 

L.. Jr. 
Kropff, C. G. 
Krost. Pr  '. N. 
Krueifer, I - \. 

Knitrkoff, ( har'n-s 
Kuehn, \. L. 
Kuh, Mm. Kdwin J.. Jr. 
Kuh, Georgr K 
Kuhl. H.irr>- .1 
Kuhn. Kn i'. 

Kuhn. Pr iC S. 

Kunka. Bernard J. 
K\- - '■' *'--t 
K^  ;nd W. 

Kurf*':^. J"hti Fr»"<iric 
Kurtaon, Morru 






y ^dith M. 
H. 



.nflin, W- ' iiji E. 
.allm, l- , Jr. 

Jimpert, W lii. .n \V. 
..anahon, .Mm. .\f. J. 
Jindry, .\Ivar A. 
Jine, K. Howard 
.Jinc, Ilay K. 
jine, Wallace H. 
j»ng, F'dwartl J. 
juige. Mm. AuirvMt 

v Vic*R. 



:.fc •■ rthy, Benjamin 
Franklin 

, K. B. 

r. Mm. John M. 

Zt ;.: ,:.-E. 

-i.<»hloy, .\lm. Karl S. 
-T-sker. AllM?rt D. 
>ui. Nlax 

-luren, '' B. 

^".'fT. ' -a 

ert M. 

r. . Mr.. J. H. 

>avidire. Arthur W. 



re K. 
David A. 

r. (). J. 

>ahy. Thnma-s F. 

■', ' -  !l. 

>«it\itt, Mrs. Wt'llinjfton 
xbdld, Forom.'in N. 
>rl>old, Samuel N". 
>ebo|t, John Michael 
>edrrer, Pr. Francis L. 
' ;ir 
il. S. 
>"fon'', Mlvi Kalherine J. 
/rfrn.t, Walter C. 
>rhmann, Miw 

.\u(ru.<ita F,. 
>'i''henko, Peter M. 
/eight. Mm. Albert E. 
>'Iand, Mi-M .Mice J. 
>eland. Mm. Koacoe G. 

W. 
>u/., J. Mav>> 

> • .1-! \z-> :• n. 

- T. 
A-^i,<-, 1 'f. t - T 

>ettj«. Mm. i 
>everone, Ix>ui.'« K. 
>e^^ru^on. Mm. Salmon O. 
Levis. Mm. Albert Cotter 
'' - jamin 

Le^T. A M. 



\je\y, .Arthur G. 

I>ew^-. Dr. Alfred 

I>irbman, A. J. 

IJtr-  ".ev. Thmddeut 

U k H. 

Li Fxlwird J. 

L:- \. 

Lu r, H. F. 

I>ir , CharU* V. 

Li J. E. 

Li- .'.  ^n r 

\^• 

Li; rt K. 

Li 

Liltlr. .Mm. E. H. 
Lit- - " *- '• Jr. 
U . M. 

Li . .Mr«. 

U' Paul 

Lli". 'i. Vi . ' ''rn« 

Ixjhdell, y. vin L. 

Lr- . \V. S. 

I>- A. H. 

Loeb, Hamilton M. 
Loeb, Jacob M. 
Loeb. Leo A. 
I>- "-ank J. 

I> 2. IsrmelS. 

I> i. M. L. 

Loi ■.: ..... rt. Emaouel 
Loewenaloin, Sidne>" 
Ix>ewenthal, Richard J. 
Ix>gan, L. B. 
Ijong. Mm. Joseph B. 
Lone, William K. 
Lord, Arthur R, 
I>ord, Mm. Ruaaell 
I>oucka, Charles O. 
I>ouer, Albert E. M. 
I»uer. Albert S. 
Louis, Mm. Joha J. 
Ivov- •■■—.-^ W. 
Ix> liam H. 

Lf arl 

Lu rick J. 

Iyudini:ton. Nelson J. 
Ludlow, Mm. 
H. Durward 
I>udolph, Wiib ir .M. 
I^ueder, Arthur C 
Uifkin. Wallace W. 
I^ria, Herbert A. 
Lurie. H. J. 
Lustf^rten, Samtiel 
Lutter. Henr>' J. 
L>-ford. Harr>' B. 
L>'nch. William Joseph 
Lyon, Chariet H. 

Maasi. J. Edward 
MacDonald. E. K. 



Associate Members 



469 



Macfarland, Mrs. 

Henry J. 
Mackey, FVank J. 
Mackinson, Dr. John C. 
MacLeish, Mrs. Andrew 
MacLellan, K. F. 
Madlener, Mrs. 

Albert F., Jr. 
Madlener, Otto 
Magan, Miss Jane A. 
Magerstadt, Madeline 
Magill, John R. 
Magnus, Albert, Jr. 
Magnuson, Mrs. Paul 
Maher, Mrs. D. W. 
Main, Walter D. 
Malone, William H. 
Manaster, Harry 
Mandel, Mrs. Aaron W. 
Mandel, Edwin F. 
Mandel, Mrs. Emanuel 
Mandel, Miss Florence 
Mandel, Mrs. Robert 
Manegold, Mrs. Frank W. 
Manierre, Francis E. 
Manierre, Louis 
Manley, John A. 
Mann, Albert C. 
Mann, John P. 
Manning, Miss 

Cordelia Ann 
Marcus, Maurice S. 
Mark, Mrs. Cyrus 
Marks, Arnold K. 
Marquart, Arthur A. 
Marquis, A. N. 
Marsh, A. Fletcher 
Marsh, John 

McWilliams, II 
Marsh, Mrs. John P. 
Marsh, Mrs. Marshall S. 
Marston, Mrs. 

Thomas B. 
Martin, Mrs. Franklin H. 
Martin, George F. 
Martin, Samuel H. 
Martin, W. B. 
Martin, Wells 
Marwick, Maurice 
Marx, Frederick Z. 
Marzluff, Frank W. 
Marzola, Leo A. 
Mason, Willard J. 
Massee, B. A. 
Massena, Roy 
Massey, Peter J. 
Masterson, Peter 
Mathesius, Mrs. Walther 
Matson, J. Edward 
Matter, Mrs. John 
Maurer, Dr. Siegfried 
Maxwell, Lloyd R. 



Mayer, Frank D. 
Mayer, Mrs. Herbert G. 
Mayer, Herman J., Jr. 
Mayer, Isaac H. 
Mayer, Oscar F. 
Mayer, Oscar G. 
Mayer, Theodore S. 
McAllister, Sydney G. 
McAloon, Owen J. 
Mc Arthur, Billings M. 
McAuley, John E. 
McBirney, Mrs. Hugh J. 
McCahey, James B. 
McCarthy, Edmond J. 
McCarthy, Joseph W. 
McClun, John M. 
McCord, Downer 
McCormack, Professor 

Harry 
McCormick, Mrs. 

Alexander A. 
McCormick, Mrs. 

Chauncey 
McCormick, Fowler 
McCormick, Howard H. 
McCormick, Leander J. 
McCormick, Robert 

H., Jr. 
McCoy, Herbert N. 
McCrea, Mrs. W. S. 
McCready, Mrs. E. W. 
McCreight, Miss 

Gladys Alizabeth 
McCreight, Louis Ralph 
McDonald, E. F., Jr. 
McDonald, Lewis 
McDougal, Mrs. James B. 
McDougal, Mrs. Robert 
McDougall, Mrs. 

Arthur R. 
McErlean, Charles V. 
McGraw, Max 
McGuinn, Edward B. 
McGurn, Mathew S. 
McHugh, Mrs. Grover 
Mclnerney, John L. 
Mcintosh, Arthur T. 
Mcintosh, Mrs. Walter G. 
McKenna, Dr. Charles H. 
McKinney, Mrs. Hayes 
McMenemy, Logan T. 
McMillan, James G. 
McMillan, John 
McMillan, W. B. 
McMillan, William M. 
McNamara, Louis G. 
McNamee, Peter F. 
McNulty, Joseph D. 
McQuarrie, Mrs. Fannie 
McVoy, John M. 
Mead, Dr. Henry C. A. 
Medsker, Dr. Ora L. 



Melcher, George Clinch 
Melendy, Dr. R. A. 
Melnick, Leopold B. 
Merrell, John H. 
Merriam, Miss Eleanor 
Merrill, William W. 
Metz, Dr. A. R. 
Meyer, Mrs. A. H. 
Meyer, Abraham W. 
Meyer, Charles Z. 
Meyer, Sam R. 
Meyer, William 
Meyers, Erwin A. 
Michaels, Everett B. 
Midowicz, C. E. 
Milburn, Miss Anne L. 
Milhening, Frank 
Miller, Miss Bertie E. 
Miller, Mrs. Clayton W. 
Miller, Mrs. Donald J. 
Miller, Mrs. F. H. 
Miller, Hyman 
Miller, John S. 
Miller, Mrs. Olive 

Beaupre 
Miller, Oscar C. 
Miller, Mrs. Phillip 
Miller, R. T. 
Miller, Walter E. 
Miller, William S. 
Mills, Allen G. 
Mills, Fred L. 
Mills, Mrs. William S. 
Miner, Dr. Carl S. 
Miner, H. J. 
Minotto, Mrs. James 
Minturn, Benjamin E. 
Mitchell, George F. 
Mitchell, John J. 
Mitchell, Mrs. John J. 
Mitchell, Leeds 
Mitchell, Oliver 
Mock, Dr. Harry Edgar 
Moderwell, Charles M. 
Moeling, Mrs. Walter G. 
Moeller, Rev. Herman H. 
Moist, Mrs. Samuel E. 
Mollan, Mrs. Feme T. 
Molloy, David J. 
Moltz, Mrs. Alice 
Monheimer, Henry I. 
Monroe, William S. 
Montgomery, Dr. 

Albert H. 
Moore, Dr. Beveridge H. 
Moore, C. B. 
Moore, Paul 
Moore, Philip Wyatt 
Moos, Joseph B. 
Moran, Brian T. 
Moran, Miss Margaret 
Morey, Charles W. 



470 FiKi.n Museum of Natiral History Kkpokts. Vol. 12 



im 



N 



rt A. 



Morgan. .\ln». 


NirhoU, .Mrs. (ii-org*- R 


K '---'^ '• 


Nichols. Mrs. C»e<irge 


M 


!L. Jr. 

%■ •  • r 


Momjkin, .Mm. iiaro' 


N 1, Thomas G. 


Momjkin, J l"^.•<4 (\ 


N xf- 


Morri»on, ' v A. 


M 


\V. 


.»m A. 


..■fl J. 


V 


K. 


Nollau, " ma 


. . ...... .Millon 


V....r I- • J. 


Monie, Robort H. 


w. 


,. -. .,^ jgp^b 


? LA'ster 


MR 


N I. 


.m Morris 


Novak, ( iutrles J. 


• -'i A. 


Noyes. A. H. 


.Mass, Jerome A. 


Noyi-s, .\ll.in S. 


Mount, Andrew J. 


Noy»>s, l)avid A. 


Mowr\', Ix)uis C. 


Nov.>s, Mrs. May Wells 


 ,, .. . 5_ 


N •.. Mrs. 


H. 


. n D. 


Muehwti'in. Mrs. Charles 


N>-man, Dr. John Egbert 


Mueller. A — ' • '^T. 




.Mueller. N! .aik H. 


Oatrw, James F. 


Mu»>l!.<r. J. MiTbtrl 


«' M. 


Mueii.r. r.iui n. 


('■   . .. - .-. 


Mulford. Mi.15 


OHnen, Frank J. 


.Mf^linda J.ine 


O'Brien. Miss Janet 


Mulhern, Kdward F. 


Odell. William R. 


.Mulhnland. William H. 


0,W], W • ^:... Jr. 


Mulligan. (irorRo K. 


OlT. Mp. -1 


Munr'K', Mnr.iy 


Otlield, James R. 


Murphy, Mrs. Helen C. 


('■•'••<■'-. Nathan H. 


Murphy. Joseph D. 


< Mrs. Dennis D. 


Murphy. Robert E. 


<  C. 


Musselman. Dr. George H. 


( 



Nabcr, Henrj* G. 
Nadler, Dr. Walter H. 
Naem, Sigurd E. 
Nahigian. Sarkis H. 
Ni A. D. 

Na laude 

Sebel, Herman (*. 
Neely. Mrs. Lloyd F. 
Nehls. Arthur L. 
Neilson. y 
Nellegar, '•' 
Nelson, .\rthur \^ . 
Nelson, Ch^ ''••<' 'i. 
Nelson. D "1. 

Nelson. N. j. 
Nelson, Victor W. 
Netcher. Mrs. Charles 
Neu, Clarence L. 
Neuffer, Paul A. 
Nr • - E. 

N^ 
Newhouse, Kari 



()'i>eary, John \\ . 
Oliver, (»ene Cr. 
Oli^Tr, Mrs. Paul 
Olson, Miiw ' J. 

Olsen, Mrs. 0. 

Olson, Crustaf 
OK.. I.. 'I ;.! >lph J. 
(' -. Alfred 

(»J>Lm:.:.' tm-r, MrS. 

H.inA- D. 
( ' Dr. Benjamin H. 

(I ■•. Albert 

Orr. Mrs. Robert C. 
Orr. Thomas C. 
Orthal. A. J. 
O • " 

Osbom, 
Ostrom. .'-'.. 
.\ugiistus 
Otis, J. - 
Otis, Jo? 
Otis, Joseph Edward, Jr. 



,..;;.h C. 
..irl Hunlr ^ 
John A. 
* ■.. . ji, (teorge W. 
0«-ings. Mrs. 
Nathaniel A. 

Paiische. Jens A. 

Packard, P- »' "-^ K. 
Pappcke, \' 



Pa . n J. 

Par.. . .^. . ....-». E W 

Park. R. E. 

.... p 

..tston C. 
l'.irker. Dr. J. William 
Parker, Norman S. 
Parker, Troy L. 
Parks, C. R. 
parmo!**. Dr A. H. 
Pa- 

P.t , :iry 

Pa.ihko*, A. D. 
Pa" - Mrs. L B. 
I'n Mrs. Wallac* 

P.r Iward G. 

Vui- .feasor James 

Pealxxiy, .Mrs. Francis S. 

Peabody, V' ! B. 

Peabody, ' nan W. 

Peacock, 1 
Peacock, N'. 
Pearl, Allen S. 
Pearse. I^ngdon 
Pearson, F. W. 
Pearson, Georfe 

Albert, Jr. 
Peck, Dr. D.-i\-id B. 
Peel, Richard !I. 
Peet. Mrs. Belle G. 
Pe- "»^rt E. 
IV nJ 

PenD.-ll, ( W. 

Percy. Dr. . ier 

Nelson 
Perkins. A. T. 
Perkins. Mrs. Herbert F. 
Perr>-, Dr. Ethel B. 
Perrv, ^Trt I. Newton 
Peter. F. 

Peters. . .... ... \. 

Petersen, Jurgen 
Petersen, Dr. William F. 
Peterson, .Mbert 
Peterson, .Mexander B. 
Peterson, .\rthur J. 
PetCTson, Axel A. 
Peterson, Mrs. Bertha L 
Pfaelzer, Mixs 

Elizabeth W. 



Associate Members 



471 



Pflaum, A. J. 
Pflock, Dr. John J. 
Phelps, Mason 
Phelps, Mrs. W. L. 
Phemister, Dr. Dallas B. 
Phillips, Dr. Herbert 

Morrow 
Phillips, Mervyn C. 
Pick, Albert, Jr. 
Pick, Frederic G. 
Pierce, J. Norman 
Pierce, Paul, Jr. 
Pierson, Joseph B. 
Pink, Mrs. Ira M. 
Pirie, Mrs. John T. 
Pitcher, Mrs. Henry L. 
Pitzner, Alwin Frederick 
Plapp, Miss Doris A. 
Piatt, Mrs. Robert S. 
Plunkett, William H. 
Pobloske, Albert C. 
Podell, Mrs. Beatrice 

Hayes 
Pohn, Jacob S, 
Polk, Mrs. Stella F. 
Pollock, Dr. Harry L. 
Pomeroy, Mrs. Frank W. 
Pool, Marvin B. 
Poole, Mrs. Frederick 

Arthur 
Poole, George A. 
Poole, Mrs. Ralph H. 
Poor, Fred A. 
Pope, Frank 
Pope, Henry 
Pope, Herbert 
Poppenhagen, Henry J. 
Porter, Mrs. Frank S. 
Porter, Henry H. 
Porter, Mrs. Sidney S. 
Porterfield, Mrs. John F. 
Portis, Dr. Sidney A. 
Post, Frederick, Jr. 
Post, Mrs. Philip Sidney 
Pottenger, William A. 
Pottenger, Miss 

Zipporah Herrick 
Prahl, Frederick A. 
Pratt, Mrs. William E. 
Prentice, John K. 
Primley, Walter S. 
Prince, Rev. Herbert W. 
Prince, Leonard M. 
Proxmire, Dr. 

Theodore Stanley 
Prussing, Mrs. R. E. 
Puckey, F. W. 
Pulver, Hugo 
Purcell, Joseph D. 
Purcey, Victor W. 
Purdy, Sparrow E. 
Putnam, Miss Mabel C. 



Puttkammer, E. W. 
Pyterek, Rev. Peter H. 

Quick, Miss Hattiemae 
Quigley, William J. 

Raber, Franklin 
Racheflf, Ivan 
Radau, Hugo 
Radford, Mrs. W. A., Jr. 
Radniecki, Rev. Stanley 
Raflf, Mrs. Arthur 
Raftree, Miss Julia M. 
Railton, Miss Frances 
Ramis, Leon Lipman 
Randall, Rev. Edwin J. 
Randall, Irving 
Randle, Mrs. Charles H. 
Raney, Mrs. R. J. 
Rankin, Miss Jessie H. 
Ravenscroft, Edward H. 
Raymond, Mrs. 

Howard D. 
Razim, A. J. 
Reach, Benjamin F. 
Reach, William 
Redfield, William M. 
Redington, F. B. 
Redmond, Forrest H. 
Reed, Mrs. Frank D. 
Reed, Mrs. Lila H. 
Reed, Norris H. 
Reed, Mrs. Philip L. 
Reeve, Mrs. Earl 
Reffelt, Miss F. A. 
Regan, Mrs. Robert G. 
Regenstein, Joseph 
Regensteiner, Theodore 
Regnery, William H. 
Reich, Miss Annie 
Reichmann, Alexander F. 
Reid, Mrs. Bryan 
Remy, Mrs. William 
Renshaw, Mrs. Charles 
Rew, Mrs. Irwin 
Reynolds, Harold F. 
Reynolds, Mrs. J. J. 
Rice, Arthur L. 
Rice, Mrs. Charles R. 
Rice, Laurence A. 
Rich, Elmer 
Rich, Harry 
Richards, J. DeForest 
Richards, Marcus D. 
Richardson, George A. 
Richardson, Guy A. 
Richter, Mrs. Adelyn W. 
Rickcords, Francis S. 
Ridgeway, Ernest 
Ridgway, William 
Riemenschneider, Mrs. 

Julius H. 



Rieser, Leonard M. 
Rietz, Elmer W. 
Rietz, Walter H. 
Ripstra, J. Henri 
Ritchie, Mrs. John 
Rittenhouse, Charles J. 
Roberts, Mrs. John 
Roberts, John M. 
Roberts, Dr. S. M. 
Roberts, Shepherd M. 
Roberts, Mrs. Warren R. 
Roberts, William 

Munsell 
Robson, Miss Sarah C. 
Roche, Miss Emily 
Roderick, Solomon P. 
Rodgers, Dr. David C. 
Rodman, Thomas 

Clifford 
Roehling, Mrs. Otto G. 
Roehm, George R. 
Roesch, Frank P. 
Rogers, Miss Annie T. 
Rogers, Mrs. Bernard F. 
Rogers, Dr. Cassius C. 
Rogers, Edward S. 
Rogers, Joseph E. 
Rogers, Walter A. 
Rogerson, Everett E. 
Rolfes, Gerald A. 
Rolnick, Dr. Harry C. 
Romer, Miss Dagmar E. 
Root, John W. 
Rosborough, Dr. Paul A. 
Rosen, M. R. 
Rosenbaum, Mrs. 

Edwin S. 
Rosenfeld, M. J. 
Rosenfeld, Mrs. Maurice 
Rosenfield, Mrs. 

Morris S. 
Rosenthal, James 
Rosenthal, Kurt 
Rosenthal, Lessing 
Rosenthal, Samuel R. 
Rosenwald, Mrs. Julius 
Rosenwald, Richard M. 
Ross, Robert C. 
Ross, Mrs. Robert E. 
Ross, Thompson 
Ross, Walter S. 
Roth, Aaron 
Roth, Mrs. Margit 

Hochsinger 
Rothacker, Watterson R. 
Rothschild, George 

William 
Routh, George E., Jr. 
Rowe, Edgar C. 
Rozelle, Mrs. Emma 
Rubens, Mrs. Charles 
Rubovits, Theodore 



472 FiKi.D MrsKfM of Natirai, History Kki'orts, Vol. 12 



K 



•I., m™. 



K n, MIm Lillian 

K !. C. 

U r. John W. 

K : ' A. 

K; ;.h \V. 

K 

K. .. . .re.- K. 

Ryan, Mm. William A. 

HyiTson, J(Woph T. 

Sarkify, Mrs. Jamrt A. 
Sagi'. W. Otis 
Saiisiiur>*, Mrs. 

Warrrn Nf. 
Salmon. Nfm K, D. 

  '■' 'T 

: . ' • n 

SanfiulKP, Miw Daisy 

Sands Mn.. F- H. 

Santini. Mn* ph 

Sarde- A. 

Sarsri K 

SarRpnt, John K. W. 
Sanconl, Kalph 
SautiT. Frinl J. 

• - \lvah I,. 
:. li. 
Schaffr, o. J. 
^,-) .fTner, Mrs. JoAoph 

'I'.or. KolMTt C. 
^ Mrs. Jean 

'1 

■^•ard L. 
I). 
. W. I. 

^' nni.'it . 1 'r. ( 'harl«»s h. 
Si'hmifif. Mrs. Minna 
: 'r. Monry 
-. F. V. 
Schnonng. Olio Y. 
-•-'-• •::. Ruth A. 

, Dr. \Villi.-im M. 



• irr. I »r. donritp H. 
-aft, William 
•Tian. A. S. 

" ".'hUde 



J.. Jr. 

'• ' • '-hur 

'.rl'^ K. 
P. 
. E. 
Schw;i- . Emil 

"' ' "• ' •'^xander 

  : E. 
Scotl, Koi>ert L. 



n. 

Mpt t harlfn O. 

.^^ Slum horolhy 

S«*ani. J. Aldrn 
S«-an.. r. ' W , Jr. 

S''n'"n, .'id 



\. 



. . alter J. 

Seip, Kmtl G. 

Soipp. ( ' " T. 

S«»ipp, I 
Soipp, I 

Soipp. \'. 

.:•■ w. 
.- :, . ,M...>.Kii, Mrs. ('. W. 
iM'ni;. Frank J. 
• ;'. V. J. 
:••, John A. 
.;Tfr. Carroll 

trpE. 

1 'avid E. 
I). 
- Roy 

V   ' ' , 

Sharp**, N. M. 
Shaw, Alfrtvl P. 
Sh-iw. Mr« Arrh W. 
- M. 



Si. 



. F.URpne 
I, Mrs. Kdilh P. 

iiiiii.iii, Mrs. Francin 

C, Sr. 
S Mrs. W. W. 

^ ips Culver 

.^ A. John N. 

.•^....- . '.J.«<^ E. 
Shoan. \'f!s 
S' civ.loE. 

^ P.. 

Short. .Mi."w Shirley Jane 
«:»,,:,, \. p. 

V, Mrs. 
' 'VWitl 
.im P. 
Sui-M. .Mri.. Ewald H. 
Sieck. Herbert 
Sigman, Leon 
S ' -. A. L 
^ n. Chart** 



Sills. Clarence W. 
Silverth'-^ ' • ^rfe M. 
Simond. E. 

Simond*. Dr. James P. 



■-■■■    :. .\! 

 Krar.k 
Sing'-r. .Mm. .Morttmrr H 
Sinshi-imer, Allen 
Simkind. Ivouin 
Si" ' I,. Grace 



s; 

Sk 



.rd F. 



Sk ... ... .. . : 

Sleeper, Mr». Olive C. 
Smith. C> ' '! ' . •• 
Smith. M- ;; 

Smith, Clint*. n F. 
Smith, Mrs. E. A. 
Smith. Mrs. Emery J. 
Smith. .M- '■- -k < 
Smith, F: 

-uth. H. 

Muth. M- 

Dunlap 

Smith, Jena 

Smith. Mrs. 

Sr: 

Smith, Mu«s .Manon D. 
Smith, Paul C. 
Smith, Samuel K. 
Smith. Mrs. Theodore 

White 
Smith, Walt*' 

Smith. .Mrs. V ;.. A. 

Smith, Z. Erol 
Smullan, .Alexander 
Snow, Fre<i \. 
Snydor. Harr>* 
Socrates. Nicholas 
Solem. Dr. George O. 
So- - - - '-ein. Hugo 

S*' '■.. Jacob 

M. 

P.. Jr. 
Sopkin. .Mrs. Setia H. 
Sora\-ia. Joseph 
Sorensen, James 
Spencer, '•' ' H. 

Spencer, N! M 

Spern.', Mrs. i M. 

Spn'£« !, .Mr*. .'......, a. 

Spiejrrl, Mrs. 

Frederick W. 
Spitr. Joel 
Spitz. Leo 
Spohn, John F. 
Spooner. Charles W. 
Spoor, Mrs. John A. 
Spraeue. Dr. John P. 

- . Cranfton 
-. John G. 
SLaack, Otto C. 
Starey. Mri. Thomas L 
Staley. Miss Mar>- B. 
SUnton, Dr. E. M. 



Associate Members 



473 



Stanton, Edgar 
Stanton, Henry T. 
Starbird, Miss Myrtle I. 
Stark, Mrs. Harold 
Starrels, Joel 
Stearns, Mrs. Richard I. 
Stebbins, Fred J. 
Steele, W. D. 
Steffey, David R. 
Stein, Benjamin F. 
Stein, Dr. Irving 
Stein, L. Montefiore 
Steinberg, Dr. Milton 
Stenson, Frank R. 
Stephan, Mrs. John 
Sterba, Dr. Joseph V. 
Stern, Alfred Whital 
Stern, David B. 
Stern, Felix 
Stern, Gardner H. 
Stern, Maurice S. 
Stern, Oscar D. 
Stevens, Delmar A. 
Stevens, Edward J. 
Stevens, Elmer T. 
Stevens, Harold L. 
Stevens, Mrs. James W. 
Stevenson, Dr. 

Alexander F. 
Stevenson, Engval 
Stewart, Miss 

Eglantine Daisy 
Stewart, Miss 

Mercedes Graeme 
Stibolt, Mrs. Carl B. 
Stiger, Charles W. 
StirUng, Miss Dorothy 
Stockton, Eugene M. 
Stone, Mrs. Jacob S. 
Stone, Mrs. Theodore 
Straus, David 
Straus, Henry H. 
Straus, Martin L. 
Straus, Melvin L. 
Straus, S. J. T. 
Strauss, Dr. Alfred A. 
Strauss, Ivan 
Strauss, John L. 
Straw, Mrs. H. Foster 
Street, Mrs. Charles A. 
Stromberg, Charles J. 
Strong, Edmund H. 
Strong, Mrs. Walter A. 
Strotz, Harold C. 
Struby, Mrs. Walter V. 
StuUk, Dr. Charles 
Sullivan, John J. 
Sulzberger, Frank L. 
SutcHffe, Mrs. Gary 
Sutherland, William 
Sutton, Harold I. 
Swan, Oscar H. 



Swanson, Joseph E. 
Swartchild, Edward G. 
Swartchild, William G. 
Swenson, S. P. 0. 
Swett, Robert Wheeler 
Swift, Mrs. Alden B. 
Swift, Edward F., Jr. 
Sykes, Mrs. Wilfred 
Sylvester, Miss Ada I. 

Taft, Mrs. Oren E. 
Tarrant, Robert 
Tatge, Mrs. Gustavus J. 
Taylor, Frank F. 
Taylor, George Halleck 
Taylor, Herbert J. 
Taylor, J. H. 
Taylor, L. S. 
Teagle, E. W. 
Templeton, Stuart J. 
Templeton, Walter L. 
Templeton, Mrs. William 
Terry, Foss Bell 
Teter, Lucius 
Thatcher, Everett A. 
Theobald, Dr. John J. 
Thomas, Emmet A. 
Thomas, Mrs. Florence T. 
Thomas, Frank W. 
Thomas, Dr. William A. 
Thompson, Arthur H. 
Thompson, Edward F. 
Thompson, Floyd E. 
Thompson, Fred L. 
Thompson, Dr. George F. 
Thompson, Mrs. John R. 
Thompson, John R., Jr. 
Thorne, Hallett W. 
Thorne, James W. 
Thornton, Dr. Francis E. 
Thorp, Harry W. 
Thresher, C. J. 
Thulin, F. A. 
Tibbetts, Mrs. N. L. 
Tighe, Mrs. Bryan G. 
Tilden, Averill 
Tilden, Louis Edward 
Tilt, Charles A. 
Titzel, Dr. W. R. 
Tobey, WilUam Robert 
Tobias, Clayton H. 
Torbet, A. W. 
Touchstone, John Henry 
Towle, Leroy C. 
Towler, Kenneth F. 
Towne, Mrs. John D. C. 
Traer, Glenn W. 
Trask, Arthur C. 
Traylor, Mrs. Dorothy J. 
Trees, Merle J. 
Tripp, Chester D. 
Trombly, Dr. F. F. 



Trude, Mrs. Mark W. 
True, Charles H. 
Tumpeer, Joseph J. 
Turck, J. A. V. 
Turner, Alfred M. 
Turner, Tracy L. 
Tuthill, Mrs. Beulah L. 
Tuthill, Gray B. 
Tuttle, Emerson 
Tuttle, Mrs. Henry N. 
Tyler, Mrs. Orson K. 

Ullman, Mrs. N. J. 
Ullman, Mrs. Albert I. 
Ullmann, Herbert S. 
Upham, Mrs. Frederic W. 

Vacin, Emil F. 
Valentine, Joseph L. 
Valentine, Mrs. May L. 
Valentine, Patrick A. 
VanArtsdale, Mrs. Flora 
VanCleef, Mrs. Noah 
VanCleef, Paul 
VanDeventer, 

Christopher 
Vanek, John C. 
VanSchaack, R. H., Jr. 
VanZwoll, Henry B. 
Vaughan, Leonard H. 
Vawter, William A., II 
Veeder, Miss Jessie 
Vehe, Dr. K. L. 
Vehon, Morris 
Verson, David C. 
Vial, Charles H. 
Vial, F. K. 
Vial, Miss Mary M. 
Vickery, Miss Mabel S. 
Vierling, Mrs. Louis 
Vogl, Otto 
Volicas, Dr. John N. 
VonColditz, Dr. G. 

Thomsen- 
vonGlahn, Mrs. August 
Voorhees, Mrs. Condit 
Voorhees, H. Belin 
Voynow, Edward E. 

Wager, William 
Wagner, Fritz, Jr. 
Walgreen, Mrs. 

Charles R. 
Walker, James 
Walker, Mrs. Paul 
Walker, Samuel J. 
Walker, William E. 
Wallace, Walter F. 
Waller, James B., Jr. 
Wallerich, George W. 
Wallovick, J. H. 
Walsh, Miss Mary 



474 FiKiJ) MusKiJM OF Xatiirai, History Kkpokts, Vol. 12 



Wiiltlicr. Mrs. S. Ariluir 
\V;ir<l, K<lwin J. 
Ward. Mrs. N. ('. 
Wurrs. Mrs. Hf>len Worth 
Warfiold. Kilwin A. 
Wiirni-r. Mrs. John Eliot 
Wiirrfti, .Mlyn D. 
Warrni, Paul ('. 
Warrrn, Paul li. 
Wnrmi, Walter (i. 
W:L'<hhuniP, Clarkp 
\\ .i^hbvirnp, 

llcmpst* ;irl. Jr. 
WashinRtdii, I^iurmt'c W 
WaH.Hrll, Josoph 
Waterman, Pr. A. II. 
Watson, William I'pton 
W:ifs. Ihirrv C 
Watz.k, J. W., Jr. 
Wand. E. P. 

Wayman. Charles A. (t. 
Weaver, Charles .\. 
W.h.-r. Mrs. Will S. 
Wilister. .\rthur L. 
Webster, Miss Helen H. 
Webster, llenry A. 
Wedelstaedt. H. A. 
WeRner, Charles T., Jr. 
Weil, NTrs. I/^m 
Weil, Martin 
Weiler. Rudolph 
Weiner, CharU's 
Weinstein. Dr. M. I-. 
Weinzelbaum, I><)uis L. 
Weis. Samuel W. 
Wi i^brod. Henjamin H. 
W'.-s, Mrs. Morton 
Wei.Hs. Siegfried 
Weissenbach. Mrs. 

Minna K. 
V :.f. Mauri--e J. 

\S . ;.f. Dr. Max A. 
Welles. Mrs. Donald P. 
Welles. Mrs. ?'dward 

Kenneth 
We!;s. Arthur H. 
W.'lls. Flarry-L. 
W.!N. John K. 
Wfll-!, IV'V'iton A. 
Wrn.i.ll. I'..irrett 
Wendell. Mi.ss 

Josephine A. 



Beaehv. Mrs. P. A. 
Both, William C. 
Bowes. William R. 
Bremer. Harr>- .\. 
Burk. Mrs. Lillian B. 
Burtch. Almon 
Bush, Mrs. Lionel E. 



v.. 



. Mrs. 



Werner, Frank A. 
West, \T'^^ ^T:lr^' Sylvia 
West, 11. 

Westir:- . 
Wctttn. .A 
Wryni. r. I ■.:, M. 
Wl).;il;ili, linunett ]'. 

Wh»><'ler, (leorge A. 
Wh»^'ler. l.eo W. 
Wh.x-NT. I^-sH.- M. 
Whr.l.', Mrv Robert C. 
Whw'.fry, * i;;irles C. 
White, Mrs. James <". 
White, James E. 
White, Joseph J. 
Whit.'. Kirhnrd T. 
White, Sanford R. 
White, Selden Freeman 
Whitehouse. Howard D. 
Whitinjf. Mrs. Adele H. 
Whitir.R. I>;iwrenre H. 
Wid<lic(imbe, Mrs. R. A. 
Wieland, Charles J. 
Wieland, Mrs. (Jeorge i . 
Wienhoeber, George V. 
Wilder. Harold. Jr. 
Wild.r. .Mrs. John E. 
Wilker. Mrs. Milton W. 
Wilkey. Fred S. 
Wilkins, Ceorge Lester 
Wilkins. Miss Ruth 
Wilkinson, Mrs. 

Cieorge L. 
Wilkinson, John C. 
Willens, Jo.soph R. 
Willey, Mrs. ("haries R. 
Williams. Miss .\nna P. 
Williams. Harry Le<» 
Williams. J. M. 
Williams. Kenneth 
Williamson, George H. 
Willis. Paul. Jr. 
Willis. Thoni.-LS H. 
Willner. Henton Jark. Jr. 
Wills. H. E. 
Wilms, Hermann P. 
Wilson, Mrs. E. Crane 
Wiisiii. Harry Bertram 
Wilson. Mrs. John R. 
Wilson. Miss Lillian M. 
Wilson, Morris Karl 

PrrHASHn. 1911 

Butler, J. Fre<l 

Clark, Lineoln R. 
Cunningham, John T. 

Da\-is, Fred M. 
DeAcres, Clyde H. 

Eddy. George A. 



Wilson, .Mrs. Robert 
< "onover 

Wils .:i, Mrs Robert E. 
Wilson, U illiam 
Winans, Frank F. 
V. ' -. H. H.. Jr. 
V Mr^ Bertram M 

^ ien 

V, n. 

Winter, Irving 
Witkowsky, I>eon 
Wojtalewirz, Rev. 

Francis M. 
Wolf, Mrs. Albert H. 
Wolf. Walter B. 
Wood, Mrs. Gertnide I» 
Wood, Mrs. Harold F. 
W;ood. J..hn H. 
Wood, Kay, Jr. 
Wood, llobert E. 
W;ood. William G. 
Woodmansee, Fay 
Woodruff. George 
Wi),,d3. Weightstill 
Worcester. Sirs. 

Charles H. 
Work, Robert 
Works, George A. 
WriRht. H. C. 
Wright. Warren 
Wrigley. Mrs. Charles W. 
Wunderie, H. O. 
Wyeth, Harry B. 

^ f'RKf . C. F'red 
Verkes, P^ichard W. 
Yondorf, John DaNnd 
Vondorf, Milton S. 
Yondorf. Milton S., Jr. 
^ drkey, Mrs. Margaret 
Young, B. Botsforn 
Young, E. Frank 
Young, George W. 
Young, Hugh E. 

Zabel, Max W. 
Zapel, p'lmer J. 
Zerler, Charles F. 
Ziebarth, Charles A. 
Zimmerman, Herbert P. 
Zimmfrman, Ixiuis W. 
Zinke, Otto A. 
Zork, David 



Fahrenwald, Frank A. 
Fies. Mrs. E. E. 
Filek, .\ugu.st 
Flesrh, Eugene W. P. 
Foley, Rev. William .M. 
Follansbee, .Mitchell D. 
Fuller, Mrs. Charias 



Sustaining Members — Annual Members 



475 



Gately, Ralph M. 
Glasgow, H. A. 

Hamill, Charles H, 
Herri ck, Walter D. 
Hicks, E. L,, Jr. 
Hicks, Mrs. Ernest H. 
Hopkins, Farley 
Horan, Dennis A. 
Hudson, Mrs. H. Newton 

Jenks, William Shippen 
Johnson, Isaac Horton 
Jones, G. Herbert 
Jones, Warren G. 

Kahn, Gus 

Kennedy, Miss Leonora 

Koch, Paul W. 

Lang, Mrs. W. J. 
Lawton, Frank W. 



Magill, Henry P. 
McGarry, John A. 
McLaury, Mrs. C. W. 
Merz, Edward E. 
Meyer, Albert 
Meyercord, George R. 
Miller, Charles B. 
Mills, John 
Morrison, Mrs. 
Charles E. 

Nelson, Murry 

Pagin, Mrs. Frank S. 
Peltier, M. F. 
Peterkin, Daniel 
Picher, Mrs. Oliver S. 

Renwick, Edward A. 
Ricketts, C. Lindsay 
Ring, Miss Mary E. 
Rothschild, Maurice L. 
Rothschild, Melville N. 



Rubel, Dr. Maurice 

Schmidt, Adolf 
Shaw, Theodore A. 
Sincere, Benjamin E. 
Smith, Jesse E. 
Smith, Walter Bourne 
Stewart, Miss Agnes 

Nannie 
Stewart, James S. 
Swiecinski, Walter 

Taft, John H. 
Thompson, Charles E. 
Tuttle, F. B. 

VanNess, Gardiner B. 
Victor, Mrs. Jessie K. 

Wean, Frank L. 
Wells, Mrs. Thomas E. 
West, J. Roy 
Westrich, Miss T. C. 



NON-RESIDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 

Those, residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, who have 
contributed $50 to the Museum 



Baum, Mrs. James 
Colby, Carl 
Day, Mrs. Winfield S. 
Meevers, Harvey 



Mitchell, W. A. 
Niederhauser, Homer 
Phillips, Montagu Austin 
Stevens, Edmund W. 



SUSTAINING MEMBERS 

Those who contribute $25 annually to the Museum 

Chinlund, Miss Ruth E. Sawyer, Ainslie Y. Swigart, John D. 

Kurtz W O Somers, Byron H. 

'   Stein, Sydney, Jr. Wade, Walter A. 

Lassers, Sanford 



ANNUAL MEMBERS 

Those who contribute $10 annually to the Museum 



Abeles, Jerome G. 
Achenbach, William N. 
Adamowski, Benjamin S. 
Adams, A. J. 
Adams, Cyrus H. 
Adams, Harvey M. 
Adams, Hugh R. 



Adams, Dr. Walter A. 
Addington, Mrs. James R. 
Adler, Jay 
Adler, Sidney 
Agnew, H. D. 
Alessio, Frank 
Alexander, John F. 



Alford, Virgil E. 
Allbright, John G. 
Allen, Amos G. 
Allen, Frank W. 
Allen, John D. 
Allen, W. B. 
Allen, William R. 



ITG FiKi.i) MrsKUM OF N'atirai, History RKPt)KTs, Vol. 12 



Allmaii, GoofKi' I). 
Alnitr. Dr. I-<>iii5 K 



AgncA 

A ' >n. Hr. Julius M. 
n. Mn A. \V 
n, UprlxTt \V. 

.\:. - . M. J. A. 

AndrnxMi, Mu-w SAtiic 

Maud 
AruliTMitn, Wallar*' H. 
val V. 
•*, Archip 
. I-,. M. 
A) j  ,,.it»-. Mrs. Ilarrj' H. 
Ara.ld. A. I). 
\ " .-s S. 

:, F. C. 
An. fir, AilxTt 
Arnold, Mrs. J. Hartley 
.Vrthur. Mixs Minnio J. 

• M. 
^ M M.. Ill 

.\.'ihum, John H. 
AlWLMxl, Fn-d (f. 
Austin, Kdwin ('. 
Austin. Dr. Marjnirrt 

Howard 
\ ^trian. Mrs. H. S. 
\-.-y. K. A. 
Ayrw, Robert D. 

nabhitt. Mm. Hnm M. 
! Wilbur C. 

'■ ..- .. F. I. 
H.i.r. \S . V. 
Maidorston, Mrs. 

.Sf*«ph*>n V. 
T L. 

W. 
l'..i.i.-irrl. Mrs. K. S. 
V • • Hal Cmmptnn 

:. F,. Ibvivor, Jr. 
1 . S. U 

1 - .C.J. 

C. V. 

r  ■• R. 

1 . (). 

Barm-^. Mrs. Harold 

Osborne 
Bamrs), John Potts 

T'— - V. •• - H. 
I Am S. 



Harta. F. W. 
Barthfll, Gary 



\. 



ii.i 

H.i- .• A. 

Hat«-s. li^rry A. 
H.-iMRhrr-iv. R. V. 
H.i ;;7 .i:., I ..-ph J. 

l;.. T' 

h.. 

H. .. .Aard W. 

I<. J.. Jr. 

Vi c 

m-fkUr. K. \\. 

Bo.-k, .ui Wjlliam H. 

h- •■*. L. 

H •'- "rmanA. 

B' -MP V. 

Bei'uj*, Morrii. 

Brnd« r. Mrs. Charles 

I? J. I-udvijt 

B.-.u;... .".'■ ■• "-.-riot 

Bennett, : \\ 

B. 

B. 

Bent, Jotin I'. 

Bent ley, Kirhard 

Berg. SiRard K. 

Berjr.r. K. .M. 

larger. K. (). 

Berjrh. K«>M F. 

IterU-man, Mijis Mildr»d 

Berman. Irvinjt 

B. ' • ' T,. 

B. K. 

I^rry, FiMAard L. 

It4'rrv • '•  \! 

Bwt! ' 

Bestel, > Ml. "T ,'\. 

B«ven. J. L, 

Biddl.". ?: 

BigKio. M *»> T. 

BiitKS. Mrs. Joseph Henrv 

Bi''--.- P. S. 

B Mrs. Louis 

B  J. 

B s L 

Blark. J. Walker 

Bh'^ T..hn n. 

B . John W. 

B  W. 

Blak.-. .\5 

Blalork. ?.: , ...;.^ 

Bleeker. Mrs. 

*•----!. Jr. 
B ' ■<* Jo«oph I. 

B 

b: : ,. . 

Bloom, H. L. 
BlumbcTf, Nathan ;>. 



 rTP 

W. 

'■• .• •• 

r.A. F. 

i; -:.,;. \', .m- \ 
n-.-d. \'. .>ri. : . .It 
aji H. 

' - M. 

y - : w. 

i . Thoman M . 

I -'ale 

M, [)r. Louis 
-o. L. R. 
Dr Henry P. 
ph K. 
ard H. 
M .-.. . Mr^. Arthurs. 
' W. R. 

■., Jav 

i; •..:. : ' '" ^. 
i--:.d. '.: 'iry W. 

1^ •. le, James S. 
l'.ra.-''--'/-i. Mra. 

C: i 

Bradley-, .Mrs. 

Benjamin W. 
I -rt Y. 

' r A. 

. Paul W. 
Fred T. 
). Rev. 
J'—ph H. 
B'.i!; '.V, Arthur A. 
i s. J. W. 

1 •. .1 .11, (». A. 
I'.r.rk. Dr. Morriok R. 
Bn^n. '" T. 
Br<'<'i., . 

r.r<mner, I»r. M. D. K 
! - • ' Ti, Dr. Elmo F. 
i . tyouis A. 



....'' ...dm K. 
Hr.ne, John H. 
' Dr William F. 

W. B. 
. J. J. 
1, Richard 
i - -ks. Mrs. E. P. 
i> • >me, John Spoor 
Hr.H.mp. Mrs. Thomhill 
r. S. 
. Edward D., Jr. 
Brown, Mijw Ella W. 
Brown, H. A. 



Annual Members 



477 



Brown, Harlow W. 
Brown, Robert C, Jr. 
Brucker, Dr. Matthew W. 
Bruhn, H. C. 
Buchanan, Mrs. Perry B. 
Budd, Mrs. L. W. 
BufRngton, George 
Buik, George C. 
Bull, L. Perkins 
Bunn, B. H. 
Burch, Mrs. W. E. 
Burdick, Charles B. 
Burkhardt, Mrs. 

Ralph E. 
Burnet, Mrs. W. A. 
Burridge, Mrs. Howard J. 
Burrows, Miss Louisa L. 
Busch, Francis X. 
Byfield, Ernest L. 
Byrnes, William Jerome 

Cable, Arthur G. 
Caesar, O. E. 
Callahan, Mrs. A. F. 
Callan, T. J. 
Campbell, Argyle 
Campbell, Donald A. 
Campbell, Mrs. John G. 
Carey, Denis P. 
Carl, Otto Frederick 
Carlson, Mrs. Annetta C. 
Carlton, Mrs. Frank A. 
Carpenter, John Alden 
Carpenter, Robert 
Carter, Mrs. C. B. 
Caspers, Mrs. 
Raymond I. 
Castle, Sidney 
Caswell, P. A. 
Cavenaugh, Robert A. 
Cerf, Floyd D. 
Cervenka, John A. 
Chandler, Charles H. 
Chandler, Dr. Fremont A. 
Chapin, Rufus F. 
Chapman, Ralph 
Chapman, Theodore S. 
Charnock, Percival R. 
Chase, Carroll G. 
Chessman, L. W. 
Childs, Kent C. 
Chrissinger, Horace B. 
Christensen, E. C. 
Christensen, Henry C. 
Citron, William 
Clancy, James F. 
Clark, A. B. 
Clark, Clarence P. 
Clark, E. L. 
Clark, N. R. 
Clark, Mrs. Ralph E. 
Clark, Robert H. 



Clark, Mrs. Robert K. 
Clark, Miss Rose A. 
Clark, Willard F. 
Clarke, Mrs. A. S. C. 
Clarke, Broadus J. 
Clarke, David R. 
Clarke, Mrs. Philip R. 
Clayborne, N. F. 
Clements, Mrs. Ira J. 
Clements, J. A. 
Clissold, Edward T. 
Clizbe, Mrs. F. 0. 
Clow, Kent S. 
Coath, V. W. 
Cobb, Robert M. 
Cobbey, J. A. 
Cochran, William S. 
Coe, Mrs. Schuyler M. 
Coen, Hyman B. 
Coen, T. M. 
Cohen, Archie K. 
Cohen, Harry 
Cohen, Louis L. 
Cohn, Morris Irving 
Cohen, Reuben W. 
Collier, John H. 
ColHns, Arthur W. 
Collins, Mrs. Frank P. 
Collins, Card M. 
Collins, H. W. 
Combs, Earle M., Jr. 
Condon, Mrs. Jessie B. 
Connolly, R. E. 
Connors, Mrs. Thomas A. 
Conover, Hubert S. 
Consoer, Arthur W. 
Cook, Mrs. C. B. 
Cook, Junius F., Jr. 
Cook, Louis T. 
Cook, Sidney A. 
Coombs, Dr. Arthur J. 
Cooper, Charles H. 
Cope, Mrs. William H. 
Corper, Erwin 
Couse, Arthur J. 
Coverley, Mrs. Cecile 
Cowham, Robert Neil 
Coyle, C. H. 
Craddock, John F. 
Cragg, Mrs. George L. 
Craig, E. C. 
Cramer, Mrs. Ambrose 
Crane, Dr. Cyril V. 
Crawford, Adam W. 
Creevy, Mrs. Joseph B. 
Crites, Joe 
Cronkhite, A. C. 
Crowell, Dr. Bowman 

Corning 
Crowell, Mrs. Lucius A. 
Cruttenden, Walter W. 
Cummings, Dr. C. A. 



Cummings, Mrs. Dexter 
Culbertson, James G. 
Cuneo, Frank 
Cunningham, Robert M. 
Cunningham, Secor 
Curran, William 
Curtis, Al Martin 
Curtis, D. C. 
Cuscaden, Fred A. 
Cushman, Dr. Beulah 
Cushman, Robert S. 
Czerwiec, Joseph H. 

Dallwig, P. G. 
Dalzell, Harry G. 
Daniel, Norman 
Danielson, Reuben G. 
Danits, Samuel 
Danne, William C. 
Darling, Frank D. 
Darrow, William Dwight 
Daspit, Walter 
David, Sigmund W. 
Davies, Mrs. H. G. 
Davies, William B. 
Davis, Mrs. Abel 
Davis, Arthur G. 
Davis, Mrs. Charles P. 
Davis, Charles S. 
Davis, Dean W. 
Davis, Don L. 
Davis, Miss Elease E. 
Davis, Mrs. F. Ben 
Davis, Paul H. 
Davis, Ralph W. 
Day, Mrs. Lewis J. 
Dean, Samuel Edward 
Decker, Herbert 
Deffenbaugh, Walter I. 
Defrees, Mrs. 

Joseph H. 
Degener, August W. 
Delph, Dr. John F. 
Denison, John W. 
Deniston, Mrs. Albert 

J., Jr. 
Denson, John H. 
DePencier, Mrs. 

Joseph R. 
Depue, Oscar B. 
D'Esposito, Joshua 
DeWeese, Lowes E. 
Dewey, Mrs. Charles S. 
Diamond, Louis E. 
Dick, Mrs. Edison 
Dillbahner, Frank 
Dimmer, Miss 

Elizabeth G. 
Dinkelman, Harry 
Dirckx, C. Joseph 
Dixon, Mrs. Wesley M. 
Dobricky, Stanley 



478 FiKii) MusKiM OF Natural History Rki*orts. Vol. 12 



\\ 



I 



n M. 



1 T.IK" , I .1 

hrakr. K.)»>.Tt T. 

n-. -. '.  -. L. 

-. « arl 

.  \ I 

• I . 

. Max A. 

.1. J 

Hrv. Moyor 

T' ' ' ' ;is 
: ".ward B. 

.!)riel 

i ,. . .. (I. 

Purhin. Miss N. H. 

Ka-i'T, ponalH W. 

A. 

.. .1. 
! .<, Walter L. 

rn Frod n. 

 R. 

! . William 

l-.;.»i, . mil 
Kitrl. Karl 
Kitrl. I'.obirt J. 
ElflrtKl. Mm. Harriot W 
f:ik.in. I>Po H. 
KUiott. Dr. Arthur K. 
Kllinit, Dr. Clinton A. 
KIl!"tf, Frank Osbornr 
F.iliott. Mr5. William A. 
Elliott, William S. 
Ellis. Alfrfxi K. 
F.lliK. HuVM'rt C. 
Kllis, ILilph 

Klmor, I>r Ra>-nionfl F 
KItmK. ^■ 
F" tn ;. ... Nicola 

Hrnr>' S. 

I J. W.. Jr. 

Rnhort B, 



.^rri H. 
• r 
s 
, Mrs. 
Afti B. 
Eulajo. E. A. 



Evarw, Mm. .\rthur T. 
Evan*. V. B. 
Evan-H, P. WiUon 
Evrrn, John W., Jr. 

F, E. 

F.i \. 

Fairman. Mu« Marian 
FftlU. Dr. F. H. 
Fantim, Krrn-^t I,. 
F.- <. John D. 

F.i -i D. 

Faulpy. l)T. iJortlon B. 
Fawkru. ('Hariri K. 
Frl'lman. Mr<«. Holene 
y,.. 

F. k 

Fonncr, W. L. 

Frr/ -■ ' . Jim Ci. 

F« Louis A., Jr. 

F»:r.. N:r^ Fr..nk 

F.- '.• • . Mr- M. ', 

Fi. '■ ^. J. A. 

Fi. .... .'.:.-.*. 

Wont worth G. 
Filkin-H, A. J. 
Fil.'jon. John D. 
Finnoy. Dr. William V 
F'isrhrr. Mm. I>)ui5 E. 
Fish, Mm. Sijrmund C. 
Fisher. Clfnirjcp F. 
Fishrr. James G. 
Fisher, '»t»ph''n J. 
Fwher. William E. 
Fisk. Mm. Burnham M. 
FityRoraUl. Dr. J. E. 
Haks. Franrw .\. 
Hetrher. K. W 
Hett. James 
Hon^n, Nfm. ' R. 

Florsheim, L« . ... 

Hoto. J. W. 
Hvnn. Matiriff J. 
F.'itl.r. Mrv R H 
Fol.s'im, Mrs ' !; 

Foote, Mm. li... . 
Forbes. I mentor M 
Forrest. Y 
Fostpr, (,. 
Fosur. W 

Fowler, N!" io B 

Fowler, Fklgar C". 
Fowler. Gordon F. 
Fowler. Walter E. 
Fr 

Fr John V. 

Eraser. Norman D. 
Fnutee. .Reward C. 
Freeman, G. A. 
Fremont. Mtn Ruby 
French, Georfc W. 
French, Eh-. Thomas M. 



y- vin o. 

I. H. 
:ir. Stanton A 

\I. 

I lifttni, JwtWi 14. 
Full.-r. J. E. 
Fulton, Arthur W. 

Gaims. A. H. 

Cr.iianti. Mm. Charifli P. 

(ialr, Abram 

(.alloway. Dr. Charici E. 

' *' ' trud* 

< H. 

Ci.iriieU, Ju4M-ph B. 
(lary. I.e<> J. 
(fat7.erl. Mm. .\ugust 
' Mrs. Steve 

E R. 
aid N. 

<eph I. 

. Leo J. 

i »''i .x^ . . I y, ^Im. 

Thomas F. 
«•   ••■ •■ - .\. 

.am W. 
(iilrhnst. .\iiss Harriet F. 
Giles. Mi.-w A. H. 
Giles. Dr. Rosrt* C. 
Gillett. W. N. 
(li"i-k. .T T. 

1 
(;... .. ..^. ..:.. .rice 

• Hade, (i^Hir^e H.. Jr. 
Gla<lp. Rirhard W. 
( iladtr. Frank J. 
Glynn, N!m. John E. 
('.'Midard, Mm. Convers 
<,oldbenr. Mm. .*v>l H. 
G'lding. Gustav D. 
I loldman. Mm. Ix)uij 
I i-'ldsmith, ^f . 

<;-'i;rr.ith. " M. 

ri. Mm. 
h'! ..imin F. 
Goml>erK, Dr. Harry 
<r d. Arthur P. 
lr»idall. John C. 
G'Htdman. Ralph L. 

 u. Mm. 

m O. 
Cforman. John J. 
Gorman. Rev. William J. 
( i.irr. Carl 

.... rick M. 

< .^Ik. Albert L. 
' '. Harr>' M. 

< ohn H., Jr. 
Grade, Joseph Y. 



Annual Members 



479 



Graffis, Herbert 
Grainger, Mrs. W. W. 
Grauer, Milton H. 
Grauer, Dr. Theophil P. 
Gray, Edward 
Graydon, Charles E. 
Green, CM. 
Green, D. C. 
Green, Mrs. D wight H. 
Green, Walter H. 
Green, Wendell E. 
Greenhouse, Jacob 
Greenlee, William B. 
Greenslade, Fred 
Gregory, Dr. John J. 
Grein, Joseph 
Grell, Louis 
Grimmer, Dr. A. H. 
Grochowski, Mrs. G. S. 
Groebe, Louis G. 
Grossfeld, Miss Rose 
Grove, C. G. 
Groves, Benjamin H. 
Guild, Dr. William A. 
Guilliams, John R. 
Gunnar, Mrs. H. P. 
Guskay, John W. 
Guthrie, S. Ashley 
Guzik, Mrs. Manny 

Hackett, Mrs. James J. 
Hagemeyer, Henry F. 
Hagey, Harry H., Jr. 
Hagey, J. F. 
Hagley, Miss Olive L. 
Haiek, Henry F. 
Hail, Albert T. 
Hall, Arthur B. 
Hall, Miss Fanny A. 
Hall, Harold 
Hall, Harry 
Hall, Henry C. 
Hall, Louis W. 
Hamill, Dr. Ralph C. 
Hamilton, Mrs. 

Chester F. 
Hamilton, Gurdon H. 
Hamilton, Hugo A. 
Hammill, Miss Edith K. 
Hammond, C. Herrick 
Hanawalt, L. Ross 
Handtmann, G. E. 
Hansen, Adolph H. 
Hansen, Helmer 
Hansen, Paul 
Harbison, Robert B. 
Hardin, George D. 
Harding, Mrs. Charles F. 
Harpel, Mrs. Charles J. 
Harper, Robert B. 
Harrington, George Bates 
Harrington, S. R. 



Harris, Benjamin R. 
Harris, Mortimer B. 
Harrison, William H. 
Harrold, James P. 
Harshaw, Myron T. 
Hart, Mrs. G. H. 
Hart, Mrs. H. G. 
Hart, Mrs. Harry 
Hart, Louis E. 
Hart, Mrs. Rachel 

Harber 
Hart, Mrs. Walter H. 
Harvey, Byron S. 
Harvey, Mrs. Byron, Jr. 
Harvey, Mrs. Harold B. 
Haskell, L. A. 
Haskins, Raymond G. 
Hattis, Robert E. 
Hattstaedt, Mrs. John J. 
Hawkes, Joseph B. 
Hawkins, Mrs. Ralph R. 
Hawkinson, Dr. Oscar 
Hawthorne, Vaughn R. 
Haynes, William H. 
Hayes, Miss Lucy C. 
Head, Dr. Jerome R. 
Headley, Mrs. Ida M. 
Heald, Mrs. Henry T. 
Healy, John J. 
Healy, Vincent E. 
Heavey, John C. 
Hebel, Oscar 
Heckel, Edmund P. 
Heckel, Dr. Norris J. 
Hedly, Arthur H. 
Heg, Ernest 
Heifetz, Samuel 
Heisler, Francis 
Helebrandt, Louis 
Helgason, Ami 
Helland, A. L 
Heller, Fred M. 
Henderson, B. E. 
Hendry, Chester S. 
Henkle, Charles Zane 
Henning, Mrs. Helen E. 
Henriksen, H. M. 
Henry, Sister Mary 
Hersh, Dr. Helen 
Herthel, E. C. 
Hess, Edward J. 
Hess, Sol H. 
Hesseltine, Dr. 

H. Close 
Hester, Mrs. Harriet H. 
Hibbard, Angus S. 
Hibbard, Coleman 
High, Mrs. George H. 
Hilburn, Frank 0. 
Hill, Mrs. Cyrus G. 
Hill, Miss Meda A. 
Hilpert, Dr. Willis S. 



Hilton, Henry H. 
Himmelhoch, Ralph F. 
Hinckley, Mrs. Freeman 
Hinds, Fred J, 
Hintze, Arthur W. 
Hirsch, Edwin W. 
Hirsh, Morris Henry 
Hitchcock, Mrs. 

Arthur B. 
Hixon, H. Rea 
Hoag, Mrs. Junius C. 
Hochfeldt, William F. 
Hodges, L. C. 
Hoellen, John J., Jr. 
Hoffman, M. R. 
Hoffman, Mrs. Robert 

M., Jr. 
Hoffmann, Dr. Walter 

H. O. 
Hofman, Charles M. 
Hogenson, William 
Hokin, Mrs. David E. 
Holabird, W. S., Jr. 
Hollaman, Arthur M. 
Holland, Robert L. 
HoUender, S. S. 
Hollerbach, Joseph 
Holm, Theodore, II 
Holmburger, Max 
Holmes, Miss Berenice 
Holmes, J. A. 
Holmsten, Victor T. 
Holt, McPherson 
Holter, Charles C. 
Holub, Anthony S. 
Holzheimer, Joseph 
Holzman, Alfred 
Honor, Mrs. Leo L. 
Hoope, G. F., Jr. 
Hooper, A. F. 
Hooper, Blake C. 
Hopkins, Dr. M. B. 
Horwitz, Irving A. 
Horton, Mrs. Arthur 
Horween, Isidore 
Horwich, Alan H. 
Horwich, Philip 
Houston, Mrs. Thomas J. 
Howard, Charles Lowell 
Howe, Roger F. 
Hoyne, Miss Susan D. 
Hoyt, N. Landon, Jr. 
Hoyt, William M., II 
Hubachek, Frank 

Brookes 
Huck, Mrs. Irene 
Hudson, William J. 
Huettmann, Fred 
Huff, Dr. Robert E. 
Huffman, Frank C. 
Huguenor, Lloyd B. 
Humphrey, Gilbert E. 



480 FiKi.D MrsKiM of N'ati'Ral History Rkports. Vol. 12 



I turf! Vorriii v.. 
Mil* 
* J. 

i H. 

• '. K. 
i nry M. 

H)-!!!*!!. Mrs. David A. 

Ir. ind. Mm- rh»rl«i H. 

lr;..h. I" "" -V K. 

Ivy, Dr. A. C. 

Jack. Dr. Harry T. 
I • Mn«. Mnrfh.i F, 

Mm. W. A. 

w. n. 

J.i ;•-. N'ato 
Jamm. H. H. 

•I.r . \T-- Hoy L. 
J  • . V, , -or (". 

m K. 



Jarvis, William B. 

; ' Mn«. Mar>- M. 

Or. n.iniH W. 
J.tTrit*. Dr. Milo K 
J> •'.■•'. Mrs. Austin 

. Mrs. ('. A. 

Jmsi'ti, ' l*. 

Jcwott. ' K. 

Jnh. Pr T. 

I »r. Adelaide 
. Alfred C. 
Carl I. 
• id G. 

iJ. 
. 1 >r. G. Krman 

J..,.. Miss 

Kathryn M. 
J . Muw Millie C. 

.1 . K. T. 

. Thoma* G. 
. Vila-s 
. A. J. 

. Mr^. Alfred B. 
. Mr?.. W. 



J.t... r.K . '^■'•■h C. 



 p, Mrs. Bruce 
Jona-i, Dr. Kmil 
Jones, Mn«. (". A. 
J'lnes. Charles W. 
Jones. D. C. 
Jone-^. Howard B. 
Jones, Owen Barton 
Jones, Dr. Thoma-s G. 
Jordan. Dr. John W. 
.' \n>ert G. 

J . es A. 

Joyce. A. J. 
Juers, Henry A. 



Julian. Frederick 
Jung. C. C. 

Kacikownki. Dr. 

Joaeph C. 
Kagan. Bernhard H. 
Kafan, Josi-ph 
Kahn. ' -  J. 
Kahn, 

K.. .1 J. 

K.. J. 

Kampmeu-r, .\(ii;u»t G. 
Katiter. Dr .\.iron K. 
Kaprhe. Willi.'im 
Kapl;ui. ft'to^min G. 
Kapl.in. Frank 
Kaplan. Hyman 
Kaplan, Samuel 
Karker, Mrs. M. H. 
Karjwn, \a-'> 
Karsten**. Norman V. 
Kart, Samuel 
Katz, Mim Jessie 
Katr, Solomon 
Kn-- > , -. Mrs.W.B. 
K.. .J. Sylvan 

K . .\Ir^. K. A. 

K. . . 'rs. W. L. 
Kerk, .Mat hew 
Ke«'ne, William J. 
Keim, Melville 
Keljey, Ni- ;,s 

Kellofjv;, .1. 
KellojjK, John Fayne 
Kelly, <•'• -.'1.- <,-■•• 
KellV. 
K« ■' iiherme 

Kemp<>r. .Mihs Hilda M. 
Kenr.*^iy, David K. 
Kenn'^iy, Mits Man,* A. 
Kenn<'y. Clarence B. 
Kenv'-n, H M. 
Kerr. Dr. J. A. 
Kerr. I>ej«lie H. 
Ke>-»er, Charles F. 
Kir ' •' T. Weller 
K ; . k L. 

King, II. H. 
King, J \!if!rewH 
King.  H. 

Ki-.- .:■. I-. 

K;- , Harrv L. 

k:.  ^  ■'-1 

Kl. 

Klein, Mrs. Aiden J. 
Klein. Dr. Da\-id 
Kloese. Henry 
Knapp, Chariest S. 
Knapp, Dr. CJeorge G. 
Knol, Nirhola5 
Knotts, Raymond R. 



K...> f'arl 

I n. WiUonO. 



nn. Kmcst F. 



i nl 

.Mira 
Kol;i5, Rudolph J. 
Kolrba, Frank 
Kraemer. I>eo 
KralTt. Walter A. 
Kraft, John H. 
Krarr' -, X!:--? Lillian 
Krii" loa F. 

Krav.- .. .'.;.--. .. ...innea 

KreU-r, Mrs. Nellie 

K irl 

1. inn. Rev. A. R. 

Krf7,, lyiHinard O. 

Krier. .\mhro«e J. 

Kroch. Adolph 

I> F. K. 

Arthur 

Kuihn. .Miss Katherine 
Kuehn. Oswald L. 
Kuhnen, Mrs. 

GeorRe H. 
Kuhns. Mn«. H. B. 
Kurth. W. H. 

Ijichman. Harold 
I>add, John W. 
I-aird, Kohert .*%. 
T   

1 d J. 

Ijindon. Kobert E. 
I^njre, A. G. 
Ijinjfert, A. M. 
I '1, Joiieph P. 
I hn A. 

I-irson, Charlesi E. 
I^r.-^m, .Mi.HKt Lucille M. 
I^rson, .*<imon P. 
I^isi'h, Charles F. 
I^atimer, William L. 
Latka, Dr. Olga M. 
I-au, Mn<. Johin 

.\mold 
Ijii;d, Sam 

I^ur>-. Mrs. Charles M. 
l^ur%-. Dr. Everett M. 
Ijiw.'m. A. 
I^wrenre, James 
I^wrenre, Walter D. 
I^yden, Michael J. 
I.Azear, George C. 
Lean, Josia.s 
Leatzow, Charles A. 
LeBeau. Mrs. Oscar T. 



Annual Members 



481 



Lee, Miss Alice Stephana 
Lee, John M. 
Lee, Mrs. William 

George 
Leeds, Mrs. William L. 
Lehman, Lawrence B. 
Lehman, O. W. 
Lehmann, Miss Thesy R. 
Leibrandt, George F. 
Leighty, Edgar R. 
Leith, John A. 
Leslie, John Woodworth 
Letterman, A. L. 
Leutz, Miss Marie 
Levin, Louis 
Levine, William 
Levine, William D. 
Levinger, Mrs. David 
Levis, John M. 
Levy, Mrs. Arthur K. 
Lewis, Charles E. 
Lewis, Mrs. Ellis R. 
Lewis, Mrs. Lloyd 
Lewis, Mrs. Walker 0. 
L'Hommedieu, Arthur 
Lichtenstein, Walter 
Lindeman, John H. 
Lindenthal, Mrs. Louis 
Lindsay, Mrs. Martin 
Linebarger, Mrs. 

Charles E. 
Lingott, Richard H. 
Lipman, Abraham 
Lippincott, R. R. 
Lipshutz, Joseph 
Little, Charles G. 
Little, F. C. 
Lobdell, Harry H. 
Lochman, Philip 
Loeb, Arthur A. 
Lofquist, Karl E. 
Logan, Mrs. Frank G. 
Loomis, Miss Marie 
Love, Joseph Kirk 
Love, Miss R. B. 
Ludolph, Arthur L. 
Ludolph, F. E. 
Lynch, Mrs. Cora E. 
Lyon, Mrs. Jeneva A. 
Lyon, Mrs. William H. 

MacArthur, Fred V. 
MacChesney, Miss 

Muriel 
Macfarland, Mrs. 

Frances R. 
Macfarland, Lanning 
Mack, Walter A. 
Mackie, David Smith 
MacMillan, William D. 
MacMurray, Mrs. 

Donald 



Macomb, J. deNavarre 
Maddock, Miss Alice E. 
Magner, Rev. F. J. 
Maling, Albert 
Malkov, David S. 
Manaster, Henry 
Manheimer, Arthur E. 
Mansfield, Alfred W. 
Manta, Mrs. John L. 
Marks, Mrs. Frank H. 
Marnane, James D. 
Marquart, Arthur A. 
Marquart, E. C. 
Marsh, Charles L. 
Martin, Miss Bess B. 
Martin, Webb W. 
Marvin, W. Ross 
Marx, Samuel A. 
Mason, Dr. Ira M. 
Mattes, Harold C. 
Matthews, Francis E. 
Matthews, J. H, 
Mawicke, Henry J. 
Maxant, Basil 
Maxwell, W. R. 
Maxwell, William A. 
May, Sol 
Mayer, Arthur H. 
Mayer, Edwin W. C. 
Mayer, Frederick 
Mayer, Richard 
McAllister, M. Hall 
McArthur, Mrs. S. W. 
McBride, W. Paul 
McCarthy, F. J. 
McClure, Donald F. 
McConnell, F. B. 
McCormick, Miss 

Elizabeth D. 
McCoy, Charles S. 
McCreery, C. L. 
McCullough, Robert 

Osgood 
McDonnell, Mrs. E. N. 
McDonnell, John B. 
McDonough, Mrs. Grace 
McDougall, E. G. 
McDowell, Miss Ada V. 
McEwen, William 
McFadden, Everett R. 
McGowen, Thomas N. 
McGrain, Preston 
McGuire, Simms D. 
McKay, Miss Mabel 
McKeown, Daniel F. 
McKibbin,Mrs.GeorgeB. 
McKinstry, W. B. 
McKisson, Robert W. 
McKittrick, Thomas J. 
McLaughlin, Mrs. 

George D. 
McLaughlin, Dr. JamesH. 



McManus, James F. 
McMillan, Mrs. 

Foster L. 
McMurray, Mrs. 

George N. 
McNamara, Robert C. 
McPherson, Donald F. 
McSurely, Mrs. 

William H. 
Meek, Miss Margaret E. 
Meeker, Arthur 
Mehlhope, Clarence E. 
Meier, Mrs. Edward 
Meredith, Oscar F. 
Mero, Julian 
Merritt, Thomas W. 
Merz, Miss Martha 
Metzenberg, John B. 
Metzenberg, Leopold 
Meyer, Wallace 
Meyerhoff, A. E. 
Michaels, Joseph 
Milchrist, Frank T. 
Millard, A. E. 
Millard, Mrs. E. L. 
Miller, Joseph 
Mills, Mrs. James Leonard 
Mills, James M. 
Milne, John H. 
Mitchell, Mrs. George R. 
Mitchell, Mrs. James 

Herbert 
Molay, Marshal D., M.D. 
Molter, Harold 
Monroe, Walter D. 
Moore, Mrs. Agnes C. 
Moore, Nathan G. 
Moore, Oscar L. 
Moorman, Charles L. 
Morgan, Clarence 
Mork, P. R. 
Morley, Rev. Walter K. 
Morris, Ira Nelson 
Morris, Milton H. 
Morrow, John, Jr. 
Morse, Mrs. John B. 
Morton, Dr. Edward C. 
Moser, Paul 
Moskow, Joseph M. 
Moss, Jacob L. 
Mowrer, Mrs. Paul 

Scott 
Muckley, Robert L. 
Mudd, Joseph B. 
Mueller, Dr. E. W. 
Mulcahy, Mrs. Michael F. 
Muller, Allan 
Mudd, Mrs. J. A., Jr. 
Munro, Alex W. 
Murnane, Edward J. 
Murphy, Henry C. 
Murphy, J. P. 



•i.M: 1 n:Li> Miski'M of N'atirai- History Rkports. Vol. 12 



M-;rphv. John ('. 

•n M. 
...i.l 
'■ i )r. (iwincr J. 

n J. 



Myerw. Mn*. if. .-t.is 
y.. Jr. 

NudHhofTrr. Dr. L. K. 
Nafzigrr, K. I>. 
Nan<T, Willw D. 
Nardin, John G. 
N«5h. H. I). 
Nn.1t, Mpb. Samuel 
Nath. lUrnartl 
Natl. Otto K. 
Noff. WartI A. 
NoljMin, CharN^s M. 
NeUon, N. A., Jr. 
Nna. J. Stanl«>jr 
Nemlrr. K..lKTf \V. 
Newborjfor, Ralph 
N " Paul 

N -s H. 

Npwm.Tn, Mrs. Jamb 
NVwman, Dr. Ix>uuh B. 
Niblack. Dr. H. C. 
N ' n. J. F. 
N . Max 

-MV L. 

.\ 

N 
N 
N 
N 
N 
N 
N 
N 



:, Mrs. Krnput J. 
ordatriim, (iforjjp \V. 
orian, Morri."* 
orris, Kl>««n H. 
nrth. Mr.. F. S. 
orth. Harold F. 
orton. G. A. 
ovark, Dr. Louis 
ovirk, Danjpl 
W H.. Jr. 
, (fp^irgp S. 
Nyquwt, Carl 

Obrrmairr, John A. 
f •• M. J. 

< Dr. Kdward H 
« I. J. R. 

< 'Mw» Anna 

< -pd H. 

< !. - W T. 

< -. V. 

Oli^nrphilip H. 
O.in. Kdward L. 
Ol^^n. Riohard I. 

< J. 
CV^- •■•■»"•■• •". • - .' ..our 



Orban. Dr. BaJinl 
OrnT, Sam 
Dmchi'l. Albert K. 
OjigDod. W. T. 
< HjM'ndorff, Dr. K W 
Ovprholsrr. C*. R 
Owrn. Mm. W. David 

I'almor, RolK»rt V. 
Tan.wh, l:..y W 
r.irk.T. \i.htiii II. 
Pa- . Mm. 

I... ... 11. 

Parmolf*. Dwight S. 
Parsonn, Hrurt; 
Parkf-r. (toorgo S. 
Pa-vt, Jack 

Patch, A. Huntington 
Patch. Mm. G. M. 
P:i-- - . (;r»r D. 
P.i- . Mi-yj 

• L. 

Pii . William A. 

Pauloy, I lar»'nce O. 
Paul.'M^n, .\rthur N. 
Pavlptic. Dr. Nicholas B. 
p!i •• "Ailliam R. 

p. C. 

P» -s. (lartnce A. 

Pc; , ; . ...ip \V. 
Pcnnk. Mm. Milos F. 
P.: ' M. C. 

p. '.'ir r. 

Pelvrkin. Ir. 

Potrmrn ...d 

Potrio. Dr. Scott Tumor 
Pr" ' " .n D. 

Pf . nroo 

Pt'i;»K' !■. ii-iri'-j' W. 
Phflp^.. Mr< C. H. 
Phrlns, Kr;i.Hiii.s R. 
Phihbs. Harry C. 
Phillips, J,.hn B. 
Philhpti, L. .\ 
Phillips. H-T^ird r. 
Pick. . .ird 

PilUb;.:., .irlwiS. 

Pirip, Mr.. . L. 

Pitt, A. A. 
Plummer, * ""•tt 
Plummor. ' ' "., Jr. 

Pollock. (.. .^ .. 
Pollock. Mr*. Ix-wia J. 
p.  F. 

V< v.. 

P. - 

Po.- . . 

Porter, Dr. G^orfe J. 
Porter. John H. 
Potter. Mm. T. A. 
Poul-son, Mm. riara L. 
Powem, Mm. George W. 



Poyrr, Stephen A. 
Pr»nt»ce, J. Rockefeller 
Pre«ton. Fred A. 
Prest/.n, Walter J. 
! !m J AG. 

1 , Jamcii H. 

F'nr.-hard. N. H. 
Pp.pp. M. H. 
F'r'Hivr, John A. 
I'r :.' • . li.iymond S. 
r it;.;4ni. liufuj W. 

Quarrie. William F. 
g ;isenberr>-, T. E. 

Randa!!, Frank A. 
!; Mm. L. A. 

*.t-^ f ;«>orgp A. 
1 . W. 

1. . ■'«. G«orgc 

i:..,- 

t . 
Ray: . , vrence 
Kra. .Mi.-w F'.dith 
K«-<d, Mr^. Frank C. 
]U-i-<\. Waltpf S. 

James 
i- lemie 

S. Pott* 
p..;. t ..^t^r p 

I ;,J. J. 

i;< >.M :, .Slina Irene K. 
Rj-iis, William 
RemlK)!d, Fred W. 
Ii«^g ;a. Mrs. Char!*- H 
R'C^ua, Haven A. 
K«-s«T. Harry M. 
lievelli. Mm. Yvonne 

Sohn 
Roynold.s. Mm. G. 

William 
n-- ' '^ph Callow 
l: J. 

1 s. W. W. 

I . James Donald 

! . Oron E. 

I -. Henry R. 

I :i C. 

! Arthur 

1. John T. 

Rjei, Cjeorge A. 
Rilpy. J'--'^- " 
Rinella. ^ A. 

Ritter. Krr.;. « . 
Ritter, Dr. I. I. 
Rittrr, Miw I^\nnia 
R-V-'.T .. Burr L. 
!. . Charles Burton 

I. •. T..-*-.-fnce B. 

R..'.^r-.^ v.. .1 -hn P. 
Robinson, Emer>- 
Robiason. Miss Nellie 



Annual Members 



483 



Robinson, Reginald 

Victor 
Robinson, Theodore 

W., Jr. 
Roblin, Mrs. G. S. 
Robson, Mrs. Oscar 
Roche, John Pierre 
Rockhold,Mrs.CharlesW. 
Rockwell, Theodore G. 
Roden, Carl B. 
Rogers, Mrs. J. B. 
Rollins, Athol E. 
Roman, B. F. 
Rosenberg, Mrs. 

Bernhard 
Rosenfels, Hugo H. 
Rosenfels, Mrs. Irwin S. 
Rosenthal, David F. 
Rosenthal, M. A. 
Ross, Mrs. Sophie S. 
Rostenkowski, Joseph P. 
Rowland, James E. 
Rowley, Clifford A. 
Rowley, William A. 
Roy, Mrs. Ervin L. 
Rubloff, Arthur 
Ruby, Samuel D. 
Rudin, John 
Rugen, Fred A. 
Rutherford, M. Drexel 
Ryan, C. D. 
Ryan, Frank 
Rynder, Ross D. 

Sachse, William R. 
Salmon, Rudolph B. 
Samuels, Benjamin 
Sanborn, Mrs. V. C. 
Sandberg, Harry S. 
Sandel, Mrs. Clara 
Sang, Philip D. 
Saslow, David 
Sawyer, Dr. C. F. 
Sayers, Mrs. A. J. 
Sayre, Dr. Loren D. 
Schaaf, Mrs. Clarence W. 
Schaffner, Arthur B. 
Schaffner, Miss Marion 
Schaus, Carl J. 
Schenker, Ben W. 
Schick, Mrs. W. F. 
Schiltz, M. A. 
Schlichting, Justus L. 
Schlossberg, Mrs. Harry 
Schlossberg, Max 
Schmidt, George A. 
Schmidt, Theodore 
Schmidt, William 
Schmidtbauer, J. C. 
Schmitt, Mrs. George J. 
Schmus, Elmer E. 
Schneider, Benjamin B. 



Schneider, D. G. 
Schroeder, Dr. Mary G. 
Schueren, Arnold C. 
Schulze, Paul 
Schuman, Meyer 
Schupp, Robert W. 
Schwab, Martin C. 
Schwander, J. J. 
Schwartz, Joseph 
Schwartz, Dr. Otto 
Schwarz, Mrs. Sidney L. 
Schweitzer, E. O. 
Scobie, David P. 
Scofield, Clarence P. 
Scott, Frederick H. 
Scott, George A. H. 
Scott, George H. 
Scudder, Mrs. 

Lawrence W. 
Secord, Burton F. 
Seehausen, Gilbert B. 
Seidenbecker, Mrs. 0. F. 
Selfridge, Calvin F. 
Selig, Lester N. 
Selz, Mrs. J. Harry 
Senear, Dr. F. E. 
Sensibar, Ezra 
Sexton, Mrs. Thomas G. 
Seymour, Mrs. Flora 

Warren 
Shakman, James G. 
Sharp, John B. 
Shaw, John L 
Shaw, Mrs. Walter A. 
Sheahan, Miss Marie 
Shedd, Mrs. Charles C. 
Sheridan, Leo J. 
Sherman, H. C. 
Sherman, Nate H. 
Sherwin, Mrs. F. B. 
Shrader, Frank K. 
Shroyer, Malcolm E. 
Shultz, Earle 
Siegfried, Walter H. 
Sievers, William H. 
Silbernagel, Mrs. 

George J. 
Sillani, Mrs. Mabel W. 
Simpson, Dr. Elmer E. 
Sindelar, Joseph C. 
Sippy, Mrs. Harold L. 
Siragusa, Mrs. Ross 
Sirotek, Joseph F. 
Slavik, James 
Sloan, William F. 
Slomer, Mrs. Joseph J. 
Smart, Alfred 
Smith, Harold A. 
Smith, John F., Jr. 
Smith, Mrs. Kenneth 

Gladstone 
Smith, Reynold S. 



Smithson, Stuart Busby 
Snyder, David 
Sokoll, M. M. 
Sollitt, Mrs. George 
Sollitt, Sumner S. 
Solomon, L. R. 
Solomon, Mrs. Lewis J. 
Somerville, Mrs. Helen 
Sonnenschein, Mrs. 

Edward 
Souder, Mrs. Robert 
Soule, Leo N. 
Spalding, Mrs. Charles F. 
Speed, Dr. Kellogg 
Speer, Earl D. 
Speer, Robert J. 
Spellbrink, Harry R. 
Sperling, Mrs. Grace 

Dickinson 
Spicer, Mrs. George A. 
Spiegel, Dr. Manuel 
Spiegel, Modie J. 
Spiegel, Mrs. Philip 
Spitz, Milton J. 
Sprague, Albert A., Jr. 
Sprague, G. F. 
Staehle, Jack C. 
Stanley, Sinclair G. 
Starck, Mrs. Philip T. 
Starrett, Mrs. June M. 
Starshak, A. L. 
Stearns, Fred 
Steckl, Miss Cornelia C. 
Steece, F. B. 
Steffensen, Sigurd 
Stein, Lawrence M. 
Steinfeldt, Dr. C. R. 
Steins, Mrs. Halsey 
Steinwedell, William 
Stenn, Dr. Fred 
Stensgaard, W. L. 
Stephens, Frank Hall 
Sterling, Joseph 
Stern, Jacob S. 
Steuber, Raleigh R. 
Steuer, Mrs. Joseph True 
Stevens, Miss 

Charlotte M. 
Stevens, Francis O. 
Stewart, Miss Alma May 
Stewart, George R. 
Stewart, William Scott 
Stier, Willard J. 
Stifler, Mrs. J. M. 
Stiles, Charles G. 
Stiles, J. F., Jr. 
Stoehr, Kurt 
Stoll, Mrs. J. 0. 
Stolle, Arthur E. 
Stone, Dr. F. Lee 
Stone, Mrs. John 

Sheppard 



4M FiKi.n MusKiM OF N'atiral History KKPt)KTs, Voi,. 12 



S I). 


Tr 


v.-  C. 


S  ' Jam« 


Tr P. 


.r,n.w. 


Sloul. V K. 


Truman. P«r>->val H. 


\S..i.iort, William C. 


Stnniiky. •  ..Mhlin J. 
Stratii. I)r. David C. 


Tyler. Alfr.i '• 


\\.,i. D:-' -' Vfnxwell 




W..i!. K 


v-  - . 


Ir' 


^' ' t.irlca 


s- ' . . i. 


Ut n M. 


'•■ ■■>. Aaron 


S or. 


I'tley. iH-^TR"- H. 


N\ •■:m. i>iii;.s A. 


A. 


Utler, Mr*. Arthur J. 


W. •■ - r. A. W. 


Strigl. F. C. 




, I^ Julius 


Str..nK. I' 'V. 


Va'. • Mr». 


^^ ' : ■-. .Siui'jn M. 


StMir.. \', M. 


1. K 


W. l,h. I.. C. 


 


V.v X 


W.l.-h, \i. T 


irlo5 H. 


Va: . William K. 


Weliin. Elmer G. 


Sturla. Unro' I- 


Vii . Mni. 


W.ils. .Mm. H. Gideon 


Sturm. William G. 


< I'.. 


Welsh, William W. 


Sturtovant, Roy K. 


V.i G. 


Went worth, John 


Sullivan. Cirry 


Velvfl. t i.arles 


V -.or. Jowph 


ST:!li'.an. Jo«v«ph }\ 


Ven«Iui<5. Mr^. James J. 


V. . Dr. Virgil 


S NIn«. Kdward 


Veto. V A. 


Wetmore, Horace O. 


S .. H addon U. 


Vodoz, . .. i. .irk W. 


W . Miw Velma D. 


S , John V. 


Vogel, Mrs. John L. 


\ Frank M. 


A. I). 


Vo^. Mra. Fre<leric P. 


\^ T. 


Mrs. Merle E. 




\ '. George 


Swift. T. Philip 


Wark. r. Frrd G. 


(UUS 


Swigert. H. A. 


Wads Worth, Rob«^T! W 


W-:.. ',..1 T..'V,„ B 


Sykes. Aubrey L. 


Wagner, Kii-hard 


ne" 


S- • V. "■ •• 'i 


W:,. " '. 


\'. . L.. L. 


.^■ 


W.. acer 


V . J, K. 


S . .Memll 


Wait! , koy K. 


^■• A. 


S.. ... .. , John 


Wait man, J. E. 


v.. ,.: 




Wakerlin, Dr. George E. 


Wilder, Emory H. 


Talhnt. Mrs. Eug'nr 


Walrhcr. A. 


Wilds. John L. 


S.. Jr. 


Walfl.'ck. Merman 


Wilev, Edward N. 


Tat CO. Paul W. 


Wald'.rf. BUhop Ernest 


Wilhelm, Frank ?:dwaH 


Taylor. Robert F. 


I.vnn 


Willard, NeUon W. 


Taylor. William G. 


Wales, r. Arthur 


Wi;;;ams. Clyde 0. 


Trare. W. C. 


Walk.r, Ixtii"? R. 


V. ^ . Ijiwrence 


Trllor, (leorRe L. 


Walker, W.-n-ir-il 


V. , Mm. 


Tfn'.p<, I^iipold 


Wallao. ( 


.d L. 


T. ,-. I>r Fr»><lprick C. 


Walla.-,.. I 


V. . Walter H. 


'1 ;t. ('. J. 


Wallarh. Mni. H. L. 


Willkie, E. E. 


T .A.E. 


Wallon-Htein. Sidney 


Wilson, .\rlen J. 


1 i. D. D. 


Wall.r. Mm. Edward C. 


Wil/ion. Mr^. 


T -v. 


Wallgrrn, Eric M. 


("* 


T S. K. 


Walpole, S. J. 


u ..-.v. 


Thompson. Krnfut H. 


WaNh. R. A. 


Wij.*..n. L. F. 


Thompson. Paul B. 
Thorek. Dr. Max 


Waiz, John W. 


WiNon. Percival C. 


Warner. Ernf'-t N. 


W.;w,.n. W. M. 


Thnvip, Mrs. George 


Warner, M.i"* -n 


V. •' Frank A. 


Kno« 


Warn^n, I, I'anuirks 


V, V vs 


Tieken. Theodore 


Warren, W ;'.'.•. am G. 


e S. 


Todd. A. 


W.-is-o.n, Th< T'ln 


V, \T-= Pam-pll 


Todt. Mrs. Edward G. 


Wat kins, Krank \. 


V. . R. 


T • '• A. 


Wat kins. Fr*Hierick A. 


V. '  •  .. 


T n R. 


Watling. John 


\^ 


Tra< y. S. W. 


Waiigh, M',s.s ,\nna May 


\\ iiiiish. (r"irge 


Traver, George W. 


Webb. I>rw H. 


Wood. Milton G. 


Treat. Mr». Dana R. 


Weber. James 


Wood.son. William T. 


T- Mi« 


Weber. William F. 


V. • t. Dr. RoUin 


R. 


Welwter, Harrv" C. 


- 


Trenkmann. Richard A. 


Webster. James 


Woolard, Francis C. 



Annual Members 



485 



Wormley, Edward J. 
Wright, William Ryer 
Wrisley, Mrs. Allen B. 
Wrisley, George A. 
Wuichet, West 
Wulbert, Morris 
Wupper, Benjamin F. 
Wurth, Mrs. William 



Austin, M. B. 

Baker, C. M. 
Barber, Charles E. 

Condee, Ralph W. 

Drew, Walter W. 

Farnsworth, George J. 
Flory, Owen 0. 

Geraghty, Charles M. 
Goergen, Dr. Philip C. 
Grey, Newton F. 



Wynekoop, Dr. 
Charles Ira 

Yanofsky, Dr. Hyman 
Yonce, Mrs. Stanley L. 
Youngberg, Arthur C. 

Zadek, Milton 

Deceased, 1941 
Griesel, Edward T. 

Hess, Sol H. 
High, Shirley T. 

Johnson, B. W. 

Krol, Dr. Francis B. 

Loewenstein, Emanuel 

Magie, William A. 
Moss, Alfred J. 

Nolte, Charles B. 
Novy, Dr. B. Newton 



Zangerle, A. Arthur 
Zenos, Rev. Andrew C. 
Zglenicki, Leon 
Zimmerman, Charles J. 
Zimmermann, Mrs. P. T. 
ZoUa, Abner M. 
Zonsius, Lawrence W. 



O'Toole, Mrs. 
Bartholomew 

Pentecost, Lewis J. 
Place, Frederick E. 
Plamondon, Alfred D. 

Reuss, Mrs. Henry H. 

Sanborn, Mrs. V. C. 
Sissman, Peter 
Springer, Charles E. 
Stewart, William 

Uhlemann, William R. 

VanPelt, H. C. 



I 



'^ 






^ 






www*fvw ^^»r'* ^ **-*y^rrTv f ifwiTHynv>r^'w v^^^ 



.,1... ».»i« ; »».«>y».tti...».| «,y4.».».>.».,.>.> n-i 



UNIVERSrTY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 





^ 



III 



3 0112 084204954