BDNQARIAN ATTITUDES A« 2ducation 1* Secular a. Elementary 9 Hl^er (High School and College) WPA (ILL.) FRf^J — ■', "^k i Feb. 3, 1928* BILLY SUNDAY V^ , ^J An American author once said that Billy Sunday is the price that Americans pay for not requiring their ball players to be educated. As is well- known, Billy Sunday was once a baseball player who had an idea that the Holy Spirit descended upon him, and since then — either for the material advantages or in sincerity — he believes that he is God's special emissary in America* Billy Sunday is a typically American character. The attitude of the average citizen toward real culture, the limited education of most people, the demagogue's oratorical ability are all factors that favor him. The immaturity of American social life, in which commercial inventions are rated much higher than cultural creations, where a ball player receives I A 1 a - 2 - HDlvTGAHIAN /^> ">N 13 4 I C Magyar Tribune , Feb. 3, 1928/ f . r-T -,^^ a larger salary than a unirersity professor, the cinema star more than the country's president, etc., is an ideal ground for go-getters like Billy Sunday. Billy Sunday is a typical go-getter. V/hile the other go-getters peddle houses, lots, tooth paste, and auto- mobiles, Sunday and his follov;ers sell fairy stories and, with uncouth ignorance, discuss Questions which even great scientists have been unable to solve. Their methods are empty, consisting of high-sounding xvords that flatter their audiences and make them believe they are on the same level of intelligence with the leaders, who ridicule institutions that are above tha general public and which they instinctively despise. They have no patience for criticism just like their mob audience. They are cj?afty because they appeal to the mob's instincts, not to its intellect. They would not deserve more attention than a street clown or soap box orator, but they are so loud that the whole nation is conscious of them. I ^ I e, - 3 - HUI'TGAHIAN I B 4 ^'^ "N^ I C llagyar Tribune , Feb. 3, 1928. ^^ ... /A Their sermons are published in the newspapers, because it makes no .. '^. y difference to publishers hov/ they become famous, whether by spreading "^ — humbug or the discovery of oil. Besides, it isn't the best policy to arouse the enmity of Billy Sunday or l!rs. IvIcPherson by adverse criticism v/hile they rule the masses. I A 1 ^ HUl^GiiRIAN II B 2 a III 11 Magyar Tribune . Dec, 9, 1927. Ill A I G A LilTTER to TIIE IiDITORIAL STiiFF The Time Has Come to Do Somethiiig for Our Culture Weeks ago your newspaper conducted a series of editorials xvhose aim was to rouse the American Hungarians from their indifference to cultural activities. These articles described the true state of the Hungarians here. It would have been impossible to draw a clearer picture. It was as if Kossuth's flaming spirit inspired the editor in his efforts to stir the American Hungarians from their apathy, and if this does not succeed, let it sink into oblivion. Under the influence of these inspiring editorials, I believed and hoped that the local Hungarians v;ould be aroused to remedy what they had neglected in the past. I waited and waited for the otherwise noisy, patriotic Hungarian leaders to take matters into their hands and organize the masses by arranging classes for the education of our Hungarians. Furtherraore , I had hoped that as a result of these editorials our Hungarians would awaken to the need of a library and reading room. " W.P.A. ? I A 1 a - 2 - HUIJGLaELu^" fla^/QT Tribune , Dec. 9, 1927. II B 2 a III H III A I C I am greatly disappointed. These articles v;ere read by the Hungarians and they v;ere convinced of their truth, but v;hen the time for action came thej?- avoided the issues v;ith the remark: ^':Je will have time later* ^ But we can't postpone itl The eleventh hour for action has passed. It is not enough to put out our chests and joast about .vhat we do for the Hungarian cause just because once in a .vhile v/e dedicate a few Hungarian flags or ar- range social gatherings reiterating a few meaningless slogans. If we neglect Hungarian culture, progress, and learning, all the rest is nothing. Never before was there sach a need for cultural activity as at present. Now, vjhen Hungary, because of its reactionary government, is open to the world's criticism as the most unprogressive country, which allows students to be beaten and persecuted because of religious prejudice The whole world condemns Hungary for allowing such conditions to exist. The Vt.FA -r ^ ^ ^ ^ - 3 - IMTGAHIaN II 3 2 a ^^^ ^^ Magyar Tribune, Dec. 9, 1927. III A —^ ^ ^ Anerican nev/spapers write columns censuring the Hungarian government. This is one of the reasons we American Hungarians have to save some of our cultural reputation. In Chicago there are at least thirty organizations, including churches. If each organization .;ould contribute only five dollars a month, how easy it would be to have a permanent reading room, and by charging a small fee a library could be added. The Tarsalgo Society has two thousand books, the Glee Club six hun- dred, the Workers' Chorus over five hundred, and many Hungarian individuals would also be willing to give books so that the Hungarians could have a nice library. The societies could keep the books at their own club rooms, with the understanding that the Hungarians have access to them. How nice it would be if during the .vinter i.ionths we could have educational eve- nings once in tv/o weeks with English and Hungarian lectures, debates and dis- plays of art. If there is co-operation, we can realize these dreams I A 1 a - 4 - liUiiaiRIAN II B 2 a III H Magyar Tribune > Dec. 9, 1927. Ill A I C Forward, Hungarian societies I Your important yearljr meetings are near; discuss this nation-saving matter and be the first to do your bit» /uid all of your men and women who appreciate your Hungarian origin, join this movement to help save the good name of the country of our birth. An outspoken reader. I A 1 a HUNGARIAN I A 1 b III C Magyar Tribune, Aug. 21, 1925. Ill A PUBLIC EDUCATION The Hungarian education which was gained by the Hungarian children of IVest Pullman, was most gloriously exhibited by the Reverend Eugene Boros and his assistant, Daniel Bod or. It was rather sad that the attendance at this affair ^ was rather small compared to that at some of the ordinary dances sponsored by ^ Hungarian societies* There are many reasons for this. One of the loain reasons ^ was the terrible heat of the day, and therefore the committee in charge of the w affair should have made arrangements to hold it out in the forest preserves 5o somewhere, in true Hungarian style. The other reason was that we noticed there 2 were very few Hungarian Catholics present. In America this is the main fault ^ of the Hungarians, At all of our Hungarian celebrations the different speakers emphasize the importance of co-operation; but when the time comes that a certain celebration should be given due publicity and honored by a large attendance, religious differences and many other things are brought up while the rest of the Hungarians pay little attention. This great holiday of which we are speaking was one in which all Hungarians should have been interested, for it was a cele- bration of public education in Hungarian for the benefit of our future Hungarian I A 1 a - 2 - HUNGARIAN I A 1 b III C Magyar Tribune, Aug. 21, 1925« III A population in America* This celebration should have been such that the American people would have sat up and taken notice of the great cultural development that was talcing place among the Hungarians of America • The development, and the right of a nation to continue its existence depend upon the education and cultural activities of its youth* A nation that cannot show some development in its youth doesn^t deserve to exist. 5> r r- The laws of the United States permit the different nationalities to teach their children the language of the nation from which they originated. It is only ^ natural of course, that if this foreign language school idea is abused these 5 different schools will be closed by the Board of Education. c^ Approximately fifteen years ago the writer of these lines worked tirelessly to ^" get free space in a public school for the Chicago Hungarians; in this school a Hungarian teacher was to be placed and the English language taught through Hungarian chcumels to adults. A thousand petitions were sent out by the Chicago Hungarian Independent ^ong Society to deterriiine how many people were interested I A 1 a - 3 - HUNGARIAN I A 1 b III C Magyar Tribune , Aug* 21, 1925. Ill A in going to evening school , and it i^as found that the number interested in this plan was much greater than a thousand. Then under the leadership of Dr. V/einer a committee of three appeared at a meeting of the Board of Education. Dr. Weiner presented the request of the Chicago Hungarians, whereupon one of the members of the board said in his reply to the request that it was impossible; .. his reasons were that the Hungarians did not become citizens of the United % States because the Hungarian teachers taught them, and drilled into them undying '\ patriotism. Dr. V^einer then answered this charge very nobly by asking this ; member of the board, if someone told him to disown his mother, would he do it? The plan finally won out even over the protest of this individual member of the board. The Hungarian people were allotted free space in one of the schools, and Dr. Emo Lovringer was appointed teacher. His efforts were successful as his classes were attended to capacity at all times. The board then saw how interested the Hungarians were in education and they allotted additional space and appointed an English teacher to conduct these classes, and also appointed an English teacher to assist Dr. Lowinger« X CD * - I A 1 a - 4 - Hm.^GARIAN I A 1 b III C Magyar Tribune, Aug. 21, 1925* III A It seems as though it v-on*t be long before the teaching of all foreign languages will be stopped in these parochial institutions. But until that time cooies, religious differences should be forgotten, and when these children exhibit their gains in Hungarian culture we should all attend* More of us should take part in these cultural activities out here in ivest Pull- man because we do not have very many Hungarian cultural organizations, even though this is a good Hungarian coiaiaunity. 'Ae do not have a young people's society here; the only place they have to meet one another is in pool halls* Don't you think that it would be a splendid idea to organize a cultural society for the youth? We could have a place for these young people to meet, where there would be all sorts of games, a good library, and every once in a vdiile one of oxir good Hungarian friends could take it upon himself to give lessons Zr^' in Hungarian, so that this beautiful language of ours would never die* It is beautiful to see a Hungarian worker, be it man or woman, who can be at home in a circle of better educated people. I have also noticed that on ^ CO CD I A l.a - 5 - HUNGARIAN I A 1 b III C Magyar Tribune, Aug> 21, 1925» III A special oooasions i^hen these ordinary workers have been called on to make a speech, there wasn*t one lAiho could speak very Intelligently* This and many other mistakes could be rectified through a movement for public education for Hxingarian adults and young people. The whole world, whether it be in public or business life, loves a cultured and well-educated person* O CO I. ATTITUDES A. Education 1. Secular b. Foreign Languages mm I A 1 b HUI^Gi^RIM Magyar Tribune > Aug. 11, 1933. KELPING THE HUNGARIAN SCHOOLS At its semiannual meeting, the board of directors of the Verhovay Aid Asso- ^ ciation adopted an important resolution to aid the Hungarian Schools. ^ John Bencze, chief secretary, has v.-ritten the following letter to the editor '^ of Magyar Tribune ; C •^Dear Editor: The board of directors of the Verhovay Aid Association at its £ July meeting decided to give the sum voted at the last grand meeting for the co preservation of the Hungeorian language and literature to the most successful i:::^ students at Hungarian summer schools. *^For this purpose there are three hundred dollars at the disposition of the Central Bureau of the Association, which will use this sum to reward those Hungarian children who, besides their regular attendance at American public schools enrolled as pupils of Hungarian schools, there achieving outstanding success through their diligence. cr 4 f I A 1 b - 2 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Aug. 11, 1933. •♦I have to ask you, dear Editor, to notify, through the medium of your news- ^ paper, adl societies supporting such schools to the effect that they send us 5 ,the name of their most deserving student, one from each school, who in their >^ opinion merits to be rewarded. p ♦♦j^our newspaper, being well read, is sufficient assurance to us that this requestg will reach everyone concerned* At the same time, we assure you that the dis- ^ tribution of the rewards will be done in Dublic#" S It is with great pleasure that we reprint the above letter of the chief secretary of the Verhovay Aid Association, in the hope that those concerned will realize its importance and report the names of those children who deserve to be re- warded. !• A« Education 2. Parochial a. Elementary I Higher (Hle^ School and College) I A 2 a I A 2 c mJ^TGA^IM III C II B 1 c (1) Otthon, Apr. 26, 1931. III A FREE BOOKS FOR HUNGA^Ii\^" SCHOOL CHILDR:^! At the beginning of the school year free books were distributed to the pupils of the parish schools by the Catholic Church of Our Lady of Hungary. At that time it was understood that the money spent for books was to be supplied from the proceeds of two benefit plays. The purchase of tickets to these benefit performances is compulsory for each church member. In order that our children may continue to receive training in religion and in the Hungarian language and customs, and that diildren of the poorer families may also avail themselves of these benefits, it is our duty to attend these benefit performances* CD The Altar Society has selected the play '♦The ^ed Head,'' >*iich will be staged co at the Magyar Home, Sunday, April 26, at 5 P.M. S j i \,\;V,. (^iUv Fu-J--- I A 2 a III A Otthon, Sept. 21, 1930 • HO.j^ii Catholic day lchool ohj:2d p#2. The !->*: rociiial school of the Chicago Burnside :loinan Cc^tholic Church began the school year on schedule. At present there are only six grades, but next year tliere will be eight grades. The pupils are taupht by four Sisters. One half hour eacli day is devoted to studying Hunr;;arian. One hundred fifty pupils have re;=;istered for the se lester. I A 2 a I B 3 b III C EUNO^iHIii^ Magyar Tribune , July 1, 1927 • IIUNGiJlIilN 3mav3R SCECOL by Eugene Boros, pastor One of the essential and vital requirements of our Hungarian church and social life is the education of our youth and children^ Until nov/ only the Hungarian churches felt it their duty to instruct the second genera- tion in the v/ays of their fathers, even though v;e all Icnow that the fu- ture of Himgarian organizations depends upon such activity. Our churches and their pastors are the only elements in our Hungarian circle, who toil so tirelessly and unselfishl3'" to create a future public for the Hungarian theater, members for the fraternal organizations and readers for the Hungarian newspapers. V/ithout their w^ork, Hungarian ac- tivities vjould have been doomed to extinction long ago. rkiid, because Vt'e knovr this to be true, v;e are exerting our efforts to continue this educa- tional program. I A 2 a I B 3 b III C - 2 - inttTGi^iRI/^T Itlagy-ar Tribune , July 1, 1927. The Chicago Burnside Hungarian itefornied church v;ill again open its sum- mer classes in Chicago and 7/est Pullman. In both places registration begins on July 5# Hours in Burnside are from nine until noon, and in Viest Pullman, from one until three thirty. Children of members of the church vail pay no tuition, only the cost of books and school supplies. Children, whose parents are not members, will pay tv;o dollars for the teiTn. o-^ •J _, U.I .... ^ ;J I A 2 a I A 2 b III A IV HUNGARIAl^ Magyar Tribune , July 9, 1926 SUMMER SCH00I5 The South Chicago and 7;est Side Hungarian Eeformed churches started their Hungarian sujnmer schools on June 28. The teacher at these tv;o schools is Rev* Gero Garay» In the Bumside and 'Vest Pullman, Rev, Eugen Boros of the Hungarian Reformed Church of Chicago will conduct the classes. In all four schools the Hungarian language will be taught, %s well as Hun- garian history and Hungarian music. /i !• ATTITUDES A. Education' 2* Parochial b. Foreign Languages I A 2 b HUITG/vRIAN I A 2 a Otthon> July 6, 1930. WPA i1lL.) PRO J. 30275 HUNGARIAN .SUMLC3R SCHOOL p. 2 •••••ITie summer school will begin July 7. Al Hungarian children are welcome, but those whose parents are not members of the Church ($52 East 92nd Street) will pay a tuition fee of •?2,u0 for the semester, also 50^ for books* Children of members are taught free, only the bOi for books is charged each pupil* If there are onou^h registrations we wili. establish a school in West i'uxlman also. r !• ATTTOJnES A* Education 3« Adult Education I A 3 EUTTGARIM II B 2 g • Magyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), Nov. 27, 1921, II J TIT. ITA"'^' OF Cir.TlT^J (Editorial) Nov; that the fall months are here and vanter is apr^roaching ,we can notice great cultural activities in the life of associations — American and of other nationali- ties. V/herever v.-e turn, vje witness all kinds of scientific, socinl, and literary lectures. Only we Kunrarians are lagging behind other national groups in this re- 2 gard. a^j V/e have to admit with regret that in our circles—vjith the exception of the radical worker organizations—nothing is heard of scientific lectures, even though vxe have many associations and churches whose duty is to cater to this need. "Alien some of our churches and associations arrange sornetiiing alonf- this line (which is rarer than a wtiite raven), the attendance is usually restricted to their own circle, and the venture, consequently, is a failure. This shovjs that there is something vjrong amonr the Hungarians, and that vje have to I I A 5 - 2 - -HUmmUi: II B 2 e !!sgyar Tribune (IIurigf:rian Tribune) , Nov. 27, 1931, remedy it* VJe cannot let the Hungarians become a people v/ithout culture. To attain success in this regard, it is necessary that our leaders unitev;ith our churches and associations, so that jointly they may arrange cultural evenings for the Hungarians, on v/hich evenings America's most eminent men—American and Hungar- ian — would hold lectures on topics dealing v/ith different branches of science. This is the only plausible way to make possible for the Hungarians living here to march forward v/ith the torch of Knov:lecre under the Star-Spangled Barmer. Forv/ard, Hungarians, to actionl I A 3 III A I HUNG.iHlAN Gtthon, Sepi..l4,1924. FREE EVENING SCHOOLS p«3«««. This fall the schools of Chicago will be open again to those who wish to educate themselves further. There is no country which offers more opportunity for education to the population tnan America and especially the city of Chicago* Aside from the day classes where six or seven hundred thousand children are being educated, evening classes for adults are conducted so xhat they may have the chance to learn what they may have missed in their chilahood. These classes are especially helpful to those of our countrymen who have not been in this country long. They can learn the language and customs of their newly adopted country* The 1924-1925 classes are divided into two courses* The fall course of twelve weeks begins September 12 and closes December 4. The winter course begins January 5 and ends Lteirch 12. You can register for these evening classes in schools all over Chicago. r WPA(1LL)FR0J.3C275 - 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, Sept. 14,1924. Further information nay be had in our editorial offices. -/e are calling the attention of those people to these classes, who are preparing themselves to become naturalized citizens of the United States. The teachers at these evening schools will be able to give them timely coaching. !• ATTITUDES B« Mores 1. Temperance I B 1 I C Otthon, Nov. 29, 1931 • PROHIBIT! ■:^N /uffi TIS FORSIGKEH The coimnittee organized for the purpose of freeing Lidikieivicz, a foreigner, who is being held in prison on char--e of having in his possession several bottles of hone-brew, has petitioned President Hoover for a pardon. The corLnittee has sent notices to the American foreign newspapers, whose number is over one thousand in order that they join in the movement to free Lidikiev/icz. They also viish to point out that HOIIGARIM ^^^ (iLL;PRCJ.30;y: TBI I C - 2 - Otthon, ::cv. 29, 1931. HDITO^HIAN V.K; i\'Li^ ?ilOj. 30/ /o often foreigners are victims of unauthorized enforceinent of prohibition* The text of the notice reads :'*Unfariiliar v;ith the English I'^np'usge, ignorant of American custons and lav/s, the foreigners are the easiest victims of over-zealous prohibition agents. The situation is grov/ing more serious day after day, so much so that the Foreign Language press has seen fit to interfere* V/e all knov; that the Volstccid act cannot be inforced because it interferes with one's personal liberty* This law is just as invalid as one enacted to curb one's reli^^ious belief s» I B 1 - 3 - IIUITGAHIAM I C . . Otthon, Nov. 29, 1931. WPA (ILL) FuGJ. JD^ Lidikiewicz cannot be charged v/ith violating the law* Judges have ruled time and again that one may have alcoholic beverages in one's home for personal use. Dry agents, vho enter a home without a s^^rch v;arrant, are violating the Constitution of the United States •'♦ I B 1 HUNGARIAN II 3 5 II E 2 Magyar Tribiine , Oct. 31, 1919, I K I J THE FIGHT ABOUT PROIILBITION (Editorial) Since July 1, the whiskey glasses, wine bottles, and beer barrels have become dry. This was the result of the 18th Amendment, which went into effect just after the V»ar. V/hy should we deny the fact that this was prohibition only in name and that the law has not served its purpose? There exists only a slight change brought about by this law. If one wants to drink wine, whiskey or beer, he may do so, but it must be done in secrecy. The liquor sold today is of a lower grade and the cost is much higher than previous to prohibition. To be subjected to such a condition is not exactly desirable, but who is satisfied with his present state today? V/e must adjust ourselves to the situation, regard- less of the price we must pay for it. Now, the whole country is to get a terrible jolt. It was believed that the saloons would be opened so that the people might be able to - 2 - IIDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Oct. 31, 1919. stock up for the coming dry era. But what happened? The law which was passed to keep this country dry during the 7/ar is now going to be fully enforced at once, because Congress has just released millions of dollars to that department of government necessary for this purpose. •7e all know that after January 16, the United States will be observing prohibition, and for the next four years there will be no chance of modi- fying the law. There is very little we can do in the natter, so we must remain satisfied. Yle have only one hope: that the United States Supreme Court rules it out, saying that this law does not agree v/ith one of the principles of the American government, that is, liberty, which is every man's right. 7/e must not talk about this nov/. The law has been passed by Congress and signed by the President v/hich means that the 18th Amendment - 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Oct. 31, 1919. v/ill be strictly enforced within a week. Personally, we^do not indul^^e in alcoholic beverages, nor do we advertise the sale of them, but the whole affair to us seems a laughing matter, because it ignores man's freedom. We will try to explain our ideas very briefly. There was probably some use for Drohibition during the 7/ar, because the ingredients of alcoholic beverages were necessary to provide more food for the v/orld. Labor used in the manufacture of liquor v/as necessary in other industries, and money that was being spent for alcoholic beverages was more valuable as loans to the government during the 7/ar. We are v/ell avjare of the fact that prohibition was originally passed as a war measure but that it became effective seven and a half - 4 - HOInTGL^RIAN Magyar Tribune , Oct* 31, 1919# months after the .\rraistice had been signed. July 1, the saloons were ^ closed as a matter of form only, because the closing did not have any effect on the War situation at that time. Today, it is approximately a year since the V«ar ended and it is a well known fact that due to politi- cal entanglements, peace .-acts have not been signed, but the lawmakers want to spend millions of dollars on this law as a War measure in order that it might be enforced .^To turn a law of this kind into a 'i'^ar meausre during the time of peace, does not show any wisdom on the part of congress, nor will it gain the support of the people. Ont the contrary, the people are certain to show their disrespect for the law and it v:ill increase the number of agitators and crime-bent organizations in this country which are two very undesirable elements to be dealt with now. At this time we want to warn our readers to avoid any violation of the prohibition law and as far as possible avoid places where alcoholic - 5 - HUI'JOARIAtl Magyar Tribiine, Oct. 31, 1919. beverages are sold. This is a timely warning, because the law pro- vides severe punishment for those who sell, buy, or manufacture, al- coholic beverages. V/e have also heard that some Hungarians are setting up their own stills to make their own brandies and other alcoholic concoctions. People found guilty of doing this can prepare themselves for jail sentences and heavy fines. Uany illicit alcohol dealers and manu- facturers have been caught already, and the time will come v/hen every one convicted of such crimes will be imprisoned. :Je advise everyone to give up the unlawful practice of manufacturing alcohol. It is permissible, however to manufacture grape juice for one*s own personal use. This, of course^ vail turn into v/ine later. 7/e advise people to remain sober in or- der to avoid entanglements v/ith the lav/ and suffer the consequences. - 6 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Trlbime . Oct* 31, 1919. What our personal ideas are concerning prohibition is of little con- cern to the law-makers* It is our duty to obey the law and to constrain others to do the same. •'«f^ .^li.j r.aj J 0275 I E 1 I E HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune, Aug. 1, 1919. EFFECT OF PROHIBITION ON SOCIETT (Editorial) It is more than a month now since Prohibition has gone into effect in the United States. The passage of this law did not surprise us. V/e were prepared for it. Y^e knew it would become effective soon, but little did we realize how serious its effect would really be. We always believed that wine and beer would be legally sold, therefore, the people did not care much whether whiskey was taken away or not. When Prohibition first became effective, many newspapers stated that the sale of wine and beer was still permissible, but later, this permission kVPA(ILL;PH0J.3C275 - 2 - ITOTG-ARIM llagyar Tribune , Aug. 1, 1919. ^^ it r- i ■'I was denied, in accordance v/ith the law. \le feel certain that this '^o,^'^'■^-X] country is to remain ^'bone dry." •V- .-• If we give careful thought to this mania of Prohibition, v/e v/ill notice that to prohibit the sale of wine and beer means to impair the health of many people. This fact is v/ell known as far as r.iedical science is concerned. Of course, it does not justify the attitude of those who over-indul^e. Other than the fact that this la;v is of an undemocratic nature and is depriving us of individual liberties we do not condemn it* The people who introduced the bill, and those who made it a lav/ knew v/hat they were doing. .-• ii' L) P"Cl 30275 V - 3 - HDNOARIAN Magyar Tribune . Aug. 1, 1919, It is not our aim to try to modify this law, but we will try to show ^.^ f^k ^ • the effects it will produce, and what profits society will reap thereby. \';>'v If we look at this law from the standpoint of the workingiaan, then we will come to the conclusion that it might be of great financial benefit to the working classes. But only in the event that the law will be strictly enforced so that there should be absolutely no alcoholics in circulation. We know very well that only a man with clear faculties can wrestle the problems of the day, and is able to intelligently tell of his needs. If this law is carried out fully, we can only say that it will be a great help to the working class. It will realize more fully its responsibilities, and will improve the moral character of man. 1 i^i-.- .,i. 'U..;;; - 4 - HUTTG^Ai^IAN ^.. ._ Llagyar Tribune , k\i\i. 1, 1919. ,j: ;. ,, i t. 7/e do not .relieve that this law will have such 3tren,^th because the \ worker, v/ho v.as a habitual drinker, dees not have the will-power to stop drinking oefore any harm has been done, either to himself or society. He continues without limit, feeling he has a right to drink as much as he desires. This is his personal liberty and he balks at any interference. Therefore, from a social standpoint, we are forced to criticize Prohibition and we are fully satisfied that Prohibition v/ill oe detrimental to society. It is only natural that if a person is told not to do a certain thing, that person generally tries to do it, regardless of its consequences. V/e can say the same thing about the man 7;ho drinks. He does not under- I B 1 - 5 - H[JlTGAi7i;j:T 1 ^ I H Kasyar Tribune, Au.^. 1, 1919, /^^ ' stand tlie lav;. AJ.l h:: :uio'.;s is that lie wants liis vlrinl-c and t links he 'a.o *'""'''• cannot live 'Without it, therefore, he vjill :et it, no 'latter ;hat tie '-^J^y orice is. As a oonsecuence, those people v/ho are addicted to nloohol vjill oreoare soLiethin-: v/hich '.rill -lave a I'ar v;or3e e:fe 't on then tlian • his'c:" ever had. Many people ;;ill oecome dope addictij, v;hich is :\\i ^h v;or3e than aloo-oli'^^'. It is only natural f.at forbidden fruit is iiuoh sweeter. .;e say v.dthout any hesitation that this lavj nay nean a le enerated society in the United States. :\ I B 1 HCITOAHIAH. I H l.'^f:yar Tribune , I-ar. 28, 1919. CniaivX) TO VOT-i ON T-I^. .ilLJjJG^ ;Uj]oTIOIT I^ecently, there have been published nui^erous articles for and against the use of alcoholic beverages • There has been a countless nu:iber of people ;vho have attempted to v.Tite articles about the evils of drink in a very drainatic manner. They are tryinc to prove that the hereditar^^ ills, such as insanity, and many other hardships of life, are due to alcoholism. They tell us that alcohol cuts dovm a iian^s ambition, and his capacity to vjork, at the s jae time slov/ly destroy inc the spiritual and physical capacity of nem. --e will admit those facts, but at the same time v:3 think that these are e::ceptions. The evils of alcohol are apparent only where individuals 2 lUMQAR^^AW , La-yar Tribune , " ar. 2^>, 1919. usG or drinlc to excess, 'i^e enep.ies of -dlcohol are using these facts to 'vjin the najority on their side. These facts sliould not nake an argiment stronj'^ enough to convince an intelligent ;eople to sx-'ing with those forces that are a ainst alcoholic bever.if^os, and deprive the majority of their civil liberties. prohibition of alcohol is not .inr^ noro or less th.-ir. tne .inority fore in,:: sor.ethin-^: a'-*ainst the "ill of the rr.a -ority. T'lese troubles of alcoiiolism are natural, .ncl cr.nnot be rectified 07 the en-ictnent of lav;s prohibiting;^ the us^:; of alcohol. 'i-'he v:eal:ness of .r.an can only be corrected by teachinr: -.nd proper leader- shiT:>, to -^-^.^ess" ^re not crir.inals, J.wVJ' Those v;ho indulye in alcoholic bevorares and are not detri:;iental to society of tadj^y, nor -^^- they dotrinontal (!M.)rROJ., 50275 ~ ^umin l.lq-yar Tri bune, -ar. fB"":, 1919. to the lav.'s of toda:/, l^lierefore, no on-;: -people of their individual liberties. ri^ht to '".^-orive these rji- ihere iire daily attacks a ^ainst individual liberty. These attacks are not forced on the neo-:le bv arr.:od forces, but b^ tho enactnent of la7:s made by people vdio -.re a-:ainst individual liberty. The intelligent voter should not allov. hiir.self to be stripped of a liberty, because a fev; people are so strongly opposed to alcoljol. Ter.porance is a f;olden puth, -'..nd the intellipent r.ian or vroraan voter • vrill knov; v;hat is re'^uired of then on --w])ril first v/hen they make this ver2r important decision, '..'e, thie lovers of freedom, must ansv.-er these fanatic reforrriers. -4 - EU^IGAniAlT i-Qf^/'ar ir ibune^ i-ar. 28, 1919 • These fanatics v.-ant to brine about absolute prohibition, and the:.?- v/ant to declare it a criminal offense for :.nyone in indulge in the drinl:in{^, of li^ht v/inos >md beer, "^Ve nust protect our homes against these invaders and conf iscators of personal liberty-. Ladies and gentlemen, \je urge, you to vote against Prohibition. I B 1 HDNQARIAN I D 2 a (4) Magyar Tribune, ILar. 14, 1919. I D 2 c I H THE WORKERS '•/ANT BEER From Union headciuarters , Ernest Bohm, president of the Central Federated Unions, reports that he has sent letters to all locals advising them that the Union is declaring a nation-wide strike if the sale of beer and light wines is prohibited. Mr. Bohm said that he would withdraw strike movements, providing the prohibition movement is withdrawn. This strike nioverr.ent is being encouraged not only because the average worker needs light wines and beer, but also to keep over one million people at work. If prohibition in the fullest sense v/ent into effect, over one million workers would be thrown out of work. Consequently, every line of trade would be affected. We must remind the people that this strike threat is not a bluff. The workers .^1. I B 1 - 2 - HUNGARIAN I D 2 a (4) I D 2 c Magyar Tribune , Mar. 14, 1919. I H will drive this point with all the seriousness that they can command. This Union has over a million members who will drop work immediately. The working class is openly declaring itself against Prohibition. From day to day, open declarations are made that the workingnan has a right to indulge in drinking light wines and beer in order to stimulate his tired body. By this, they do not mean that they want to drink the deadly poisonous whiskey, but they woxild enjoy a refreshing glass of wine or beer. The Prohibition question is continually causing unrest among the workers. This unrest will bring about a very serious situation, if the prohibition- ists cannot see the viewpoint of the working-man on this question. I B 1 HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , July 13, 1917. DO\ra V/ITH V/HISKSY! V/hiskey is dead! For the duration of the war the people living in the United States will not be able to drink whiskey. During the recent session of Congress the United States was declared bone-dry. The law not only prohibits the manufacture of liquor in the United States, but also prohibits the importation of whiskey from foreign countries • This does not mean that this law is a measure to economize food supplies. It is intended to stop the people in the United States from drinking; and it is not a victory in food economy, but a victory for the Temperance League. The law does not prohibit the manufacture of beer and wine. It authorizes the government to take over all whiskey stocks in warehouses. The government must, of course, pay for the whiskey it confiscates, allowing a ten per cent profit to the manufacturer. The bill has been passed, but the House wants to prohibit the sale of all alcoholic beverages. V/e feel quite certain that the Senate will not approve of this* . 2 - HUNGARIAN l-jjagyar Tribune , July 13, 1917, /\ No one can estimate accurately hem much ^iskey is stored in warehouses, but -J >^^A ;r there must be between two-hundred and three-hundred milli^ i gallons. It will cost the government almost one-thousand mllion dollars to buy up all this whiskey, and at the same time it will be losing four-hundred million dollars a year in taxes. We, the people, will may for whiskey we do not drink# I B 1 I H 1 G HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune t June 29, 1917. BREAD, WHISKEY AND BEER (Editorial) Recently there were two very important news items revealed to the public. One of these came from Washington, D.C., stating that the House of Representatives had passed a resolution in regard to food regulation in this country. This regulation prohibits the use of barley or rye for the manufacture of liquor. The other news item comes from England with reference to their barley and rye crop being insufficient to amply supply the breweries. Since the law prohibiting the manufacture of alcoholic liquors will be enacted, it will make the country dry during the war« This law is not being brought about because this country's crop is insufficient to supply the needs of the nation, but it is because of our alliance in war with other nations. This makes it our duty to provide food to people living in those countries, especially England. So the government of this country needs to divide the crops in such manner that we will retain a certain amount, the rest to be divided among the allies. It seems as though the law enacted by Congress is for this purpose, but looks are - 2 - HUNGAR w Magyar Tribune t June 29, 1917 deceiving. The truth of the matter is that politics are playing its part. The Temperance League is going to make use of the situation, thereby making this move look like a patriotic move, but at the same time taking a great step towards their objective for which they have been working for some time. The English news item makes the resolution enacted by the House of Representative of the United States a laughable matter. The law prohibited the manufacture of alcholic liquors in the United States so England will be supplied with material to manufacture alcoholic beverages. In England beer or ale is considered one of the necessities of life for a worker. In the United States the law makers are not far-sighted enough to see this. In the name of the people of the United States they give up* the manufacture of alcoholic beverages, in order that the Engligh people be supplied with plenty of it. Practically all the nations involved in the war have made restrictions with reference to the use of alcohol, but none of them have closed their breweries or wineries. The German people who have felt the effects of the war more than any nation can still drink beer and their beer is manufactured from barley just as ours was* - 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune % June 29, 1917 • If the United States thinks that it is absolutely necessary to proEibit the use of barley by the manufacturers, we cannot speak against it. But this necessity can only come when and if the nations that consume our barley quit manufacturing beer out of it. England should be the first nation to do this. But if the English find that beer is a necessity, then it must be a necessity in the United States also. I. ATTITUDES B« Mores 2. Blue Laws -,' I r- J I B 2 I D 1 a I D 2 c I E HUNGARIiiN Magyar Tribune , June 27, 1930. THE 3IGWIZIC.1TC::. OF k NOLdKii'ilON (Editorial by ^^. Ern^ Lovdnger ) Under ordinary circumstances, v^e v*ould not devote an editorial to the discussion of a senatorial nomination in the ^last, since such nominations are not of nation- al im^portance. However, the nomination last v.eek of Dv ight ivlorrov., American i^Jiibassador to Mexico, for senator on the Republican ticket, v;as obtained by so large a majority as to make us believe that it has enough national significance to be of especial interest to our readers. V;e v;ill consider this nomination from t\-o points of viev/. From the point of view of prohibition, Iviorrov, represents the standpoint of the v;ets. He believes that the Volstead nCt should be repealed and that the prohibition question should be settled and controlled by each state and not by .ashington. This v/ould be the most liberal and fair procedure. \ o • 13 2 - 2 - HUl'ia..J?LJfv?' I D 1 a I D 2 c Liagyar Tribune , June 2?, 1950. I 3 The majority of the people of Kev; Jersey are \.et, so that the nomination of L.r« Lorrov is not surprising. The ^urprisin^* thine is that Lorrow took this liberal stand so openly. It must be understood that i..orro\; is not a shady politician, an opportunist; he is a business partner in t:ie i.orf^an banking "irm — one of the v.orld's largest financial enterprises, i.xorrov; left the i.^orr^ans \;hen he Vvas appointed i-iabassador to L.exico. ••.. ^"rom the point of viev; of capitalism, i^orrov; not only represents capital but also the government c t ..ashincton. Until nov. both capital and the federal gov- ernment have been identified v.ith prohibition, both insisting upon its enforce- ment. jXirthermore, accusations have been made to the effect that prohibition v^as the work of the Protestant churches and capital — the Rockefellers, the ilresr^es, the J'ords and the ...orc'ns. This accusation v;as not entirely ^-roundless, IBS - 3 - HUNGuiRlAlf ^^ * ' "e';/ I D 1 a ^^.^ 1 T) 2 Magyar Tribiane , J\me 27, 1950. X £ but now that Morrow has taken a stand against prohibition, this old theory is ups et • Today, even capital and the government at Washington realize that prohibition, in its present form, is full of errors and must be changed. The nomination of Moirow is interesting too from the point of view of the radical workers. New Jersey has been the battleground of ccararaunists and rad- ical workers for years • Unemplo3nnent is at its peak in the United States, and the stock markets have never been so hard hit as in the last few months. The population, used to prosperity and plenty, complains about the depression and there is no relief in sight. Morrovj, the typical capitalist, ran for office in spite of these unfavorable circumstances. IBS - 4 - PIUI^aARIM I D 1 a I D 2 c IJagyar Tribune , June 27, 1930. I E This was the time for the workers to bare their fangs and for radical agitators to reap a rich harvest. But what happened? Morrow won by a tre- mendous margin. He was not elected by bankers and industrialists^ but by hundreds of thousands of workers. The argument against the election of Morrow — that V/all Street is the center of capital and that Hoover's government will gain another adherent if iJorrow be- comes senator—was justified. Yet, it was useless to reiterate this to the people. The people, the citizens of Hew Jersey, placed their confidence in Morrow's liberalism and even in these crucial times they did not turn to Lioscow or to socialist iCurope for a solution of their problems..... It is evident that the American people do not believe in experimentation, in -'- ^x / o^ • .JJ \ :: . I B 2 - 5 - HUlNiaARIAN \ I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tribune, June 27, 1950. I E theories, but choose the prosperity and work opportunity that liberal capital offers in a democracy. ••• . In our opinion, based on our analysis of this problem. Morrow's victory means, on one hand, that prohibition is on the wane and, on the other, that the Amer- ican working element does not want revolution, rainbow-hued promises and "isms,'* but butter on their bread, bungalows, autos, and radios, which means that the Americsin v/orker wants an opportunity to work at reasonably high v/ages. I B 2 I D 2 c I B 1 I J I C HUlIGi^IM Magyar Tribune , Nov, 9, 1928. miT IICCV2R? A P03T-i:0R'rS!;: (Editorial by /5r. ^vnoj Lov/in^er) Sadly, but v/ithout rancor, v/e concede the fact that Hoover won and Smith lost in the Presidential race. From a Hungarian point of view, this Presidential election was a lesson* Me wished to jolt the laboring class of Hungarians out of their lethargic indifference, into which it has been sunk for the past fev; years. We tried to turn theif" attention to the American problems, which have such a decisive influence in our daily lives. We v/ere personally convinced that the Hungarians were thoroughly aroused by this Presidential race. And, today we are confronted v/ith facts, not guesswork. 1 IBS - S - HUITGARIAN .l!agyar Tribune, IIov. 9, 1928. I D 2 c I B 1 I J I C V/e know the wishes of the American citizens, the voters* verdict. We feel it our duty to analyze this verdict — to explain this victory and defeat. Three fateful factors v/ere instrumental in Hoover's victor^/ in the Presi dential race by such an overwhelming plurality. First, religion. The United States is a Protestant country. The majority of the popula- tion was influenced by the propaganda against the Catholic .Smith to such an extent, that other good qualities of his were dimmed in their eyes. For example, one of the points in the anti-Smith propaganda was that if Smith would be elected, the influence of * the Roman Catholic Church — the political power of the Pope — would be so great in the United States that IBS - 3 - HPNGARIAN I D 2 c I B 1 Magyar Tribune, Nov. 9, 1928. I J I C all marriages not blessed by the Catholic Church would be declared iUegal. For centuries the Catholic Church has declared that all Protestants and Jews are apostates. This was recalled to their memories now. The first settlers here came from European countries where they had been persecuted because of religion. The story of these persecutions has been handed down through generations, and now Al Smith has to suffer for what the Spanish and French Roman Catholic Church did in the Middle Ages and later. Every argument or convincing proof collapsed every time the religious feel- ings of the American people were put to a test, that is, every time progres- sive Protestantism and the son of conservative Catholicism were put on the scales. fuY ^-A I B 2 - 4 - HONGARIAN I D 2 c I B 1 Magyar Tribune , Nov. 9, 1928, I J I C For millions of people — good staunch Democrats — the outcome of the Presidential election was a foregone conclusion when Smith was nomi- nated The second important factor was Prohibition. Besides the influence of the Church, the women voters had a great role in this question, and through them Hoover received millions of votes. We, the residents of large cities, deplore Prohibition and the violations in connection with it. But America is not composed of large cities only. The people of small towns and villages accept the Church's advice on this question and disapprove of beer and whiskey. Undoubtedly, the women are afraid of a return to pre-Prohibition days. I D 2 I B 1 I J I C I B 2 - 5 - HUITGARIAN c L!agyar Tribune ^ Nov. 9, 1928. Women, especially mothers, are the ones who suffer the most when a father or son squanders his v/a^es on liquor. Besides, quarrels are more frequent v/hen men are intoxicated. Women remember from personal experience the time when husbands spent their whole salary on drinks and came home drunk, spoiling the week-end for their families. Millions of women ^oted for Hoover/ because of their personal sad ex- periences during the pre-Prohibition era; other millions because of the influence of the /mti-Saloon Leap-ue's propaganda, and still other millions because of the influence of the Church, v/hich, advocating Prohibition, rallied around Hoover, under v/hose administration Prohibition v/ould be strictly enforced. They were afraid of 'smith's regime because they im- agined that he v/ould bring back the drimcing debaucheries of the pre-Pro- hibition era. IBS - 6 - IKimARIA!' Magyar Tribune , I'ov. 9, 1928. I D 3 c I B 1 I J I C The third reason wliy Hoover v:on the Presidential election is a poli- tical delusion — "oros'oerlt^.^ an election cloran, an i\raerican trick, Thev promised p:ood times and plenty oT v/or}: under t:ie Republican administration. This plank in the platforra v;as used to brin^^ pressure on the materialistic- minded ignorant T)eople, v/ho are terribly afraid of unemplo^/ment. ';Je are positive that Hoover, as an econonic expert, knows that the election of Smith v;ould not have created ^^anic or unemolo-^/ment . Tlie natural resources of the United 3tates, coupled v;itii its c^ortraphical location, tlio developnent of its industry, anc the renius of its financial leaders, insure prcsperity for future '-'onerr^tions. '7ne normal fluctuation, the intervals of economic retrc-resrion , cannot be stonred b'^ Hoover or any of tlie ?.e^>ublican camnr-i-nors • I B 2 I D 2 c I B 1 I J I G i h who - 7 - lUIiauaAIT I.laf-yar Tribuna , ..'ov. 9, 1G28. Ihis victory convinces us that it is not v/e l-un^^arians alone v;ho need political enli^htenraent; the .Iniericans need it, too, especially those ?ollo'v their instincts, traditional le^ands, and illogical ideas..... I B 2 HUlTGiiRIiil'J II 2 1 II L' 3 Magyar Tribime. Apr. 27, 1928. ,•"">.. f : s by ^<,, Dezso Tomor '//e should be celebrating the tenth anniversary of the Volstead Act, which was to improve mankind and to save thaa frora sin. The law prohibits the manu- facture, sale, transportation, ownership and use /s^£I of intoxicating liq- uors. That this law did not become popular is only natural, because it pro- hibits but does not protect. By this time everyone has realized that the opposite result was achieved from that originally intended..... A conference v;as arranged between a prohibition adirdnistrator and bootleggers in another state. The purpose of this conference was to determine the amount of income tax that bootleggers should pay. The sale of liquor is prohibited. Anyone found guilty of breaking the pro- hibition law is punished. Therefore, the penalty has been paid, probably the bootlegger was even jailed. t^Y should he pay an income tax also? I B 2 II 2 1 II E 3 - 2 - ^iUilGx^I^T agyar Tribune , -ripr. 27, 1928. The adiainistrator^s idea is novel. 3y the same right bank robbers and hired assassins should pay income tax also.,,.. If a law is enacted it should be enrorced. If the law is not satisfactory and cannot be enforced, it should be repealed instead of compromising with the law- breakers. This way it seems as if lawbreaking is approved. r _' \ xj -J '^T~;\' ■:>'? -U.M ^X.•i.^V.a.-.■ - i ' I I :i a;:y ar T ribune, Jan. 7, 19^37 J. a t^xl J ; a. X X Oi (Editorial) There are fe-;; A'lerican orooleiis -/iic."i concern t'le .uniarian "3eo ")le as nuc'i as does t'le oueotio:. oi" :)r3'iibitioii. .e "un-arians have been broad- :ninded i.i re ;:rrd to the \[ue3tio.i jf aloohoT. and its U30 '.^ro:: t'ie ti-ie v/e -jere bor:i, even t''-OU"'h 7/0 sa,; t';e bad edfocts of alco!iolis:i. But at t/ie saiie ti:.:o the hun^arian-AiAoricajis camiot understa^id ".jhy li-;.t ;;iii3o should be ^ro'dbited. It sje is rather uiiralr t .at the Volstead ;.ct v/as enacted -;;ithout i^:.3 of us 'laviu;: had 3:v;:ethinG to sa:' about it. The enforce::e:it oi the Volstscd .-iCt is heco:.:in ' ::ore strin :eut each day. T:ie .:ov3rn!ient has :one so ror as to -voison alcohol so that ai.yone vjho drinhs it, conde:.ni3 hi:;seir to death for breahin-* a la^;. The fevj -.;ho aro observiii;; the Volstead .iCt are doin : so only because the; believe it rjill bo re )ealed sooi. The -oeo-;)le v;^:.o hava Tollo-vad this •J- --: O -"^ "Tf^"'"^ )T -i prohibition ^luestlon var^^ cIogoI;^ rOMr.ii^o t rt re-jorl is hrrdly possible at t*ie ;^rese-:t ti::3. T-io r^.b3ol to e:iforc3:L3:it of .:)ro .ibition io prrctiooj-ly i:.::io3sibls. 'Pile o'/nors o.> i-^tels ai-j. ^.^^r :e g^.iog 1:1 3.iiC'^:;o ere against •g;iis Iri-;:, but the-' do iiot ci: r-3 broa.': it. ^'V Iv./'.;. ^ vv. iu -' ' O .'. ^^w' •.> . > ._ O «A v._.ii^lj J.'..' _..-.v^ ~V ' , O _- Ij v^ J, "" ..;...•.. v^y ,-. ^ .. .-J -..V . . viCiO J J. '^^ w» ^ O U --■• ^-i. r«i -• *■» T "^ c •+" ""% "V^ ■"%'">"' ■«•?-'- -t -V -'^ , . , 4- n -|- no "H • O " .-^ - • • «-■••' -^ * •. o * »■ .-'''•■« 'T -"^ 4" .'^ <"! '^^ -^ ' > -v* ^ o '' ■^4' Tbis pro'ilbitio:: C'^n^ition bei:: , 3^ iinsottlod, v:9 fo^l t at v/e bave a duty ^^.- to ■79r:?or_ .. be advo3 be fat t'.e T-a;::: ob tbo co'aitr" o. ou„d bo obeyed. /- ' . be bave al'viayo joen for_:Jbaf^ io ri -bt. .e b:li6-/3 t at tbe Volstead .;^ct ■-' f''\ q) is unjustifiable, ard /t bat /it deorivss iadividuals ol oersonal liborties. \ c- ' ""'■-xv But v-e also "...lieve tbat t' o e:-:3033iv3 use oZ alcohol is detrimental to b.,.. .-"^ tae user, as v;ell :■:: to sooiot"^ as a -.^bolo. o'bis is aot only true about I ". '.s.:\rpT Tri'jime, Tan. 7, 1927. t'le alcohol v/'iich is :.Tj.nurr.ctured soientixicr'.llj, but 've -vast c-onsif.er V\e haii; "brou'-'it aboTit 'tj rlco'iol "ariufactured in Tories a/d /under /ot'.ier un- sanitar'' conditions: t'^e alco';ol ' :a:iur^^ctMred t'.is \iar^ -^robablv ..eaus death after it hrs been used for a certain len .t'l cy£ tine. ■e vjant to cnll the attention of leaders of societies and churches to one fact, he arc: ;jell c-.::..re of t'.e fact t at v/hen t.iesj or janizations run affairs, alcoholic drinhs are liable to bo sej^vad, and if t..ose or :a:'i.izations are caujht doin so, t le'j ar:: liable to arrejt. ^e havo bc-:en infer. .ed t'lat the oro''iibition a :3nt3 aro :oin ; to ^a;.' ; .ore attention to f.ese affairs, sponsored by societies and churc:ies , to see t.iat t'le prohibition lav; is strictly enforced. These affairs o-ixi be rvin successfnllv vathout breaking anv la;;s. Cne evenin ; of hun -arian onter'oaiiLent ;/here alcoholic bevera :ss are sold, crv. ruin t'^e jood hun,jari;:ni nr .3 to an entent vfiers f\is ruin can*t be reoaired b*' ten other lav;ful ovonin s of ei.tertaiv^ient. k % '..'e vjant to sa~' a '.ain t^:at vje are not -^ichin": on anv individual or'^anization "•'■-...-> X _) ^ .T I a ' '-^IX J. ^ _ '* VU_>.^ >-/ A o: r; "1 "^ -^ or "OGrnc:. bGcause './e ere . ot reTor. lers. - p. •:; p .::> 0-j.r -un.^r.r .„ .: .-J ,-,^« 4- *.*_-. Uo to d-".t3 \je 'j.c^.v3 /ot orico';::to::*ol :i.:i" ti bodies and :;e do-^s -./e *;ill not u .av? ^"' ThosG vjdo do uot li.:Q td3 Volst^iad ^xCt Gdoiild di ;,it a :ai:-Lst it. .e our- selves advoc-.te tde . .odidic^ tion of it. Tde 'diited Stat.^s is a deMOcratic countr*', ai:d tde ")8o oie dore dave a ri :;it to voic3 tdeir O"oi:":io-i3. d'e -Imi :arian-i-v:iericrn citizens !iave t^ie ri -dt to voice our o-rinions opendy, 'Ve dave tde sa::e ri ;dt tdat any otdor .u.^erican citizen das, but /e : .ust be \ :■>> ^■y 13 2 13 1 HDinAia/ii: I.ai^yar Tribune , Dec. 11, 1925. T^Iii SiiFUDDI^D II^Tull^ OF PRuMIBITION By Vt: o Ignatz Izsak r 7/hen v/e consider tlie renarlcable history of mankind, v/e observe that on various occasions certain fanatics have tried to iiiT^ose their narrov;- minded viev;s on the heirless masses. Durin.^ the T:iddle A-T^es there v;as sai institution knovm as tne Inquisition. This institution persecuted heretics in a most horrible manner, in the sincere belief that by putt in"* these heretics on the rack or b^^- breaking; their backs on the cross tlieir souls would b3 saved. Fortunately the -oro^ress of civilization has sv/ept av/ay these horrible shadoY/s of the oast, but even today v;e encounter them, although in a somev/hat modified forii. I B 3 - 2 - HUNG^a/j: 13 1 I'.ias yar T ri oun e, Dec. 11, 1925. f^; \ The iinexpected iorld Var brou ht in it:^ v:al:e on era of Prohibition in Anerica. The v.-ine-lovinf: .Iunr;arian ^Qor)\Q as v;ell as -one rest of the V-'' poDulation v;ere too busy naliim^ ':ood Anerican dollars to pay nuch atten- tion to v;hat v;as '-oin*^ on around then. The small but well-or.-anized grou"o of Prohibition fanatics realized, and tooJ: advantage of the vade-spread indiir.;rence of the ^lasoes, their I-can^t-be-bothered atti- tude, and before ^oeoole ::ne*.; vihat v;as aaroenin; they had been shackled V7ith Prohibition. The ::ia.jority of t ^e States voted for Prohibition, and consequently tlie liJi';ht9enth .'j^nend:.ient becarie a part of the Constitution. Iniaediatelv af t jr t-ie v/ar, oeo.ile realized t at tiiey had lost their birth- ri'^ht, and t iot tiey had received nothin"* to co.^voensate then for tlieir loss. Of course, t:ie Pro Libition__fanatics v;ere responsible for this failure to orovide a substitute /for this lost birthri':ht^/. As soon as people realized that they had f^otten t.ie v\/orst of the deal, the honorable profession of bootle v^in*:; cariO into bein % This profession v-jrou-:ht greater havoc in ^ii.ieric-i t lan t.ie .orld './ar ev^r had. The underv/orld s ^ •'* . \ - ;:> - I!anya r 'i'r ibune^ Dec. 11, 1925 • took on nev; life and beer-barons snveii" u) like nushroojis. These /^an^-.^sters and beer-barons v;ere usually Sicilians, and v/ere :iaturally q_uite ..landy v;ith the "^un and the stiletto. whenever one of their nur.ibfr uas killed in ';an^,-v/arf are , his funeral corjianded More resoect fron tJie general public t:ian that of a kin;^ of a nation. The police are unable to do an;;y'i: lini: about the situation, and they are nov; resolved to put their trust in tie old iiaxim vmich says that the only ^ood ^an^ster is a dead ::an"-ster. And so they are quietly sittin;^ back, v/aitin-; for the day v.hen the r;anr*sters 7/111 have exteririinated one another. it is surorisin* that certain Protestant churches, v/liich are su-oposed to be 30 liberal, are nore Militant in the crusade than the churolies of other denominations. The reason vje say ^'certain churches" is that it seeins that our ::un;:arian churches, re.^ardless of denoMination, have not assuned an^;- position in reyird "co this o^uestion. The Prohibition fanatics do not shrink froM drav;inr: the Moly Pather 13 2 . - 4 - HUiP-^Ii^ill 13 1 Ka^^yar Tribune, Dec. 11, 1925. /o' — ^ f [2' .j /the Pope/into this controversy. Tliey v/ant iiin to issue a nanifesto to the Italian, Irish, and Polish CJatholics, urr^iin.;; them to r:ive up their prosTDerous occu'oation of bootle ^^in^: because it is a -ainst the lav/. V/e hope that the honored head of the Church Iceeos out of this controversy. '.7e believe tiat v/ith the aid of :':ood v/ill and tolerance this issue can be solved in a inanner v.-hich ?;ill satisfy everyone. In nature, ever:/t-iinp; has a ouroose; as our ancestor, Iloah, said, the seed of the .^raoe also las a ournose. The Llible ?"elates the storv of Noah, who "lad T)arta.:en too freely of tie Juice of the ^vs-ne. lie presented such a si^ht to his sons, Shen, Ha^., and .Ta:^heth, t:iat they had a_uite a lauf^h at the sorirr olirht of their father. Thereupon, an an'-'el of the Lord ^r^ave them a piece of his mind. This "oroves that the scribe v/ho v/rote the story of Tloah as it an^^ears in the '>ood Book re-^-arded v/ine as an excellent thirst-quencher. There are various olaces in the 3ible where the I 'aster openly aoproves of the use of v;ine. If wine met with His approval, it must not be v/ronr, for us lunf'arians to continue to use it for our ovm r)ersonal oleasure. 1 1^'< \ K \;"» r'j 13 2 13 1 - 5 - Ilagyar Tribune, Dec. 11, 1925. :iUTJaARlA:y 7/e adi.iit that the saloons v/ere largely responsible for Prohibition in Anerica. The saloon-keepers showed us hov; they i^ot rich at tie expense of their ovm fellovjmen. Vie must adiiit t .at .vives and children suffered in many cases. le also ioiovj that these ssjne saloon-keepers, v;ho nade others suffer, v/ould never lend a helping:; hand to a worthy humanitarian or social cause. ..e are not sorry to see the saloons e^o, but vje do not understand v;hv a man who sits dov/n to eat a heartv meal should be de- prived of enioyin.^ a ;:^lass of v;lne or beer with it. Vo r ;.' -* t ^v The pages of history reveal tliat f^eniuses v;ere all users of p;ood vjine, and that they did tneir best v;ork while more or less under the influence of the sparkling juice of the r^ra^e. These people left beiiind great master- pieces, the very ones v/hich are ad-nired by our most ardent Prohibitionists. V/e admit that some peoT)le are rather v/eak and cannot control their cravings ^for liquor/. 3ut why should the majority suffer because a few people cannot control themselves? VVe Hungarians must suffer, although we enjoy the reputation of being temperate, V/e are moderate drinkers. 13 2 - 6 - Z-IIJNGARLAZT 13 1 Iwagyar Tribiine , Dec. 11, 1925. '.'7e favor and advocate rerrulation; vie oppose tlie enactnent of Prohibition as contrary to hur:an nature and vase jud^^ient. Legalize light v/ines and beerl If the fanatics continue in their obstinate insistence on absolute prohibition of liquor, then the next r^eneration of Americans v;ill be coinposed of imbeciles and der^enerates. This v/ill be the consequence of the effects of the Doisonous drinks v/hich produce blindness, insanity, and all kinds of social diseases. Let us recover our comMon sense I If all national otouds will coooerate with the Hungarians, who have already expressed their v/illingness to participate in a novenent to repeal the Eifthteenth Amendment, we can soon put an end to a lav; v;hich breeds lavjbreakers and hypocrites. ^Z.^.. I I B 2 HUNGARIAN f I B 1 Magyar Tribune , June 12, 1925. ^m VOLSTEAD ACT/ (Editorial) Prohibition — it certainly means a lot of trouble for the unlucky dry agents. It is all caused by the unfortunate circumstances under which the prohibition law was passed, and the longer this law exists the longer it will be ridiculed. It is true that the United States is dry according to the law, but it is easy to see that people drink more today than they drank before prohibition. The difference is that people drank good wholesome drinks before prohibition, while today they drink any intoxicating mixture, and they drink it in larger quantity than they drank before. It seems as though any forbidden fruit is the sweetest. I I B 8 I B 1 - 2 - HUNaARlAN Magyar Tribune , Jiine 12, 1925 This prohibition law of ours is certainly a laughable matter; it is ridiculed by everyone in the country and some day we certainly hope to see it repealed for the benefit of our country and its people. Fx. ATTITanES B* llores Oreanizatlon \). Parent-Child Relationship f • ■• I B 3 b I 6 3 a HUNGARIAIT Magyar Tribune > Jiily 24, 1931 • AMERICAN REARING We haye written time and again about the many American marriages that end in divorces. v;e believe that our young people are making a great mistake when they follow the American custom of disregarding parental opinion in the matter of choosing their mates. It is in this connection that we think the American method of rearing children is wrong. Not wrong in all respects, of cotirse, for the physical training given to the Americeui child is commendable. Nevertheless, the spirit — the atmosphere in viiich the young ones grow up— is dangerous. Family ties being loose, it is a daily occurrence to see children getting lost to their families as soon as they reach adulthood. Although the practice of teaching children to take care of themselves v;hen they grow up is an -^ admirable one, to expect them to pay for their room and board brings about .' ^ discord. . ; f^f^ g I B 3 b - 2 - HDHGABIAN I B 3 a liSagyar Tribune , Jxily 24, 1931. V;e don*t find so much fault in the system of bringing up children as we do in the deep-rooted mercenary greediness of the Americans, a greediness which results in the dissolution of family ties at the first clash. How different do the Europeans feel in family matters I To them the family is sacred. To illustrate this in a small way, the family of a European can't picture a meal without the presence of the head of the family, much less would any member of the family dare sit at the head of the table. V/e register with regret the sentiment that this feeling of respect will never prevail in America. '^x f^ 0/ I B 3 b HUNGARIAN I B 3 c Magyar Tribune > Jan. 22, 1926. 0LD-FitSHICN2B Pi^JlSNTS iiND THEIR i\aODEEN CHILDREN by Ignatz Izsak From day to day, life in the busy city reveals many of the good and bad features of human existence. The opportunities for anusement offered by the city serve to influence the younger generation to engage in criminal activities. They also serve to disrupt family or^v-anikjation. Life in the city takes no heed of church, school, or family activities. The city is like a gigantic monster; it swallov;s the surplus population of small tovais and villages because it offers so laany more places of amusement. These aspects of modern life naturally do not fail to affect the Hungarian people. V^e have knoMi of many unfortunate cases where city life has proved. ^"^ ^ -. I; pn o I Q I.. J .n, ^ Vv i I B 5 b I B 3 c - 2 - Magyar Tribune > Jan, 22, 1926. HOl^GAEIAN detrimental to the entire family. Fathers and mothers are continually complaining, saying that no matter hovj hard they try to educate and help their children, the latter leave home when they become of age and show little or no respect toward their parents, who worked so hard to make life worth-while for their children. v;e must admit that this is not a very pleasant situation for the parents. Changes in education in the home have taken place, but these changes have developed rather slowly. The parents of today are still sticking to the old-fashioned ideas of their parents. 'Then the parents of today were children they had to be good and obedient, because they realized that they were at the mercy of their parents. They could not go out and find work as readily as can be done today. But during the last generation the v;orlc has gone through a great revo- lution. The profound changes in our economic life have created new problems. The new conditions have forced the parents to send forth their I B 3 b - 3 - HUI^GARIAN I B 3 c lilagyar Tribune , Jan. 22, 1926 • young children to sell papers, magazines, etc. in order that they might earn money, as the child grev; older, he or she began to realize the value of money. The child began to realize that he did not have to beg his parents for a nickel so that he could go to a movie. He Imevw that he could go out and earn money whenever he sb desired. Soon the child goes to work in a factory. His parents force him to turn his waives over to theiii, and on Saturday or Sunday he is given a fe?; cents for spending money. Tnen this happens, the child wakes up to the fact that he can do better for himself by going elsewhere for room and board, not only because he will then be free to do whatever he \vants to with his raoney but also because there is no one to dictate to him about the regulation of his habits. The parents must realize that the good old days they enjoyed so much are a thing of the past. The children of today cannot be reared in the same way as we were. I B 5 b I B 3 c - 4 - HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Jan. 22, 1926 The children of today maintain an attitude of independence, but we think that they should remember the Fourth Commandment: **Honor thy father and thy mother that thy days may be long upon the land " But more important than this commandment is the law vAiich says that the child mil receive the same respect from his children that he has shown his omi father and mother. It is not a very pleasant spectacle to see a tired mother, who has worked hard all day around the house, burdened with a sophisticated daughter who thinks that she is too good to lend a helping hand when she returns home from her job in the office or factory. These haughty girls are not even ashamed to ask their mothers to act ao servants to them, '.re do not say that every girl is like this. There are good girls v;ho help their mothers, but harsh as tnis may sound, even they will become spoiled v«hen they ac- quire friends who are not so good to their mothers. re can see only one way in vdiich this difficult and delicate problem v.* '-V I - ! Nov» 20, 1931 • IS THIS mULLLY THE RECOVERY? (Editorial) Last Sunday the Hungarian Cultural and Singing Club presented an operetta before a full house. Not so long ago, Laci Racz, too ^ith his Gypsy BandT^, gave a concert before a large crowd— all of which goes to show that the Hungarians like the theater and can afford to have it regardless of the depression. o ro We are not discussing the performance here — that has already been done else- where in this issue. kVe just want to point out that there seems to be some cd improvement along the whole line /of our economic lite/. It would hurt no- body if, instead of complaining, we would be willing to admit that the situation already shov/s signs of recovery. Business is better, earnings are rising, and we can afford more for everything. The theater is the best barome- ter in this regard. If playhouses are full, it means that the people have more f t I B 3 c - 2 - HUNGARIAN II B 1 c (1) lifaigyar Tribune, Nov* 20, 1931, money* Just look at the large American movies and other shows — one can hardly find a vacant seat in them. If the Americanswould abandon their con- tinuous complaining and would rather rejoice at the fact that everything is all right, their attitude would in turn spread to other nations, putting an end to this whining epidemic, which eats the body even long after the disease is gone. True, it feels good to complain, but please let us quit this accursed habit of whining and sighing, and start enjoying the things Providence has given us. With the power of suggestion we may even bring about some real improvement, in which case the complaining, too, will become superfluous. r- o . CO I. ATTITUEES B« Mores 4* RellgiouB Customs and Practices I B 4 I B 3 a limiGARIAN ?;?^ (\\x: PkOj.:^u:::/^ Otthon, Jirne 10, 1934« BkCSKk IfiiDDING Next Saturday, June 10, there will be a typical Bacska wedding on the North Side. Helen L«3arie Adam and J oseph Adler will be married at 10 A* M. ,at the St# I;iichael»s Roman (Jatholic Church. They have applied for a permit to have a procession to the church in the picturesque style and costunes of Bacska. ITie procession will probably cause a sensation among the spectators. I B 4 HUNGARIAN III C I C Llagyar Tribune . Sept. 10, 1926. 17 / im:! RELIGIOUS ACTIVITY OK TIE 30UTK SIDE l -^ ^^k ? (Editorial) The 3t. Peter and St. Paul Hungarian Lireek Catholic Church of Chicago has decided to take sOi^e definite and serious steps. The nembers of the con- gregation have finally decided that their v/ants nust be satisfied. They have decided to build their own church, where they can pray in their own tongue and glorify God in their own v/ay* A great deal of credit is due the following people: Rev. Joseph Feczko, Andrew Tanci, Andrew Lukacs, Joseph Dobay, Charles Jeney, iviike Punyko, Stephen Szilvagyi, John Zelenak, Hike iJanko, Antone Koleszar, Stephen Kis, Joseph Polyak, George Kovacs, and ..ts. Joseph Zelenak; these people have worked tirelessly to make the building of this church possible. The South Side Hungarians can be mighty proud of themselves, because they are continually bringing respect and recognition upon themselves in the eyes I B 4 - 2 - IIUI-IOARL-J^ III C I C Magyar Tribune . 6ept. 10, 1926. of the other national groups. ^ Joseph Kocsis, well-k^^own Hungarian coitractor, was selected to erect the church building. Joseph Kocsis is really deserving of this honor because he has taken a very active part in all church and society affairs. This church will not only be a big /boost toj the name of the Chicago Hun- garians, but it will mean that the Hungarians of the South Side will be active in promoting cultural activities. The plans were drav/n up by Ignatz Izsalc. 7/e urge all Hangarians to co-operate, and to contribute to the fund, in order that the South Side Hungarians nay add another feather of glory to their hats. I B 4 . HUNGARIAN III G (Jewish) I C (Jewish) Magyar Tribune . July 10, 1925. I C REORGANIZATION OF THE HUNGARIAN- JEvVISH CONGREGATION The first Hungarian congregation in Chicago worked very fruitfully for thirty years. V^hen it wae in its blossoming days, eighteen years ago, it built a most beautiful church on the corner of Marshfield Avenue and Polk Street, The priest was that prominent and well-known speaker and orator, Rabbi Moses Fischer who speaks eloquently in both Hungarian and in English, and he stayed with this congregation for twenty years, after which he was chosen to be the rabbi in a Hungarian -J ev/ish congregation in Detroit. Soon after he left, the Hungarian-Jewish Congregation disbanded. Furthermore the officers of this congregation became uninterested and sold all the property, the value of which amounted to some $60, 000, Thus due to the lack of interest in the congregation, the people who belonged to it were slowly absorbed into other congregations, and they soon founii out that these new congregations cared for their membership only until they had acquired the wealth of the Hxingari an -Jewish Congregation. V.^' I B 4 - 2 - HUNGARIAN III C (Jewislx) I C (Jewish) Magyar Tribune . July 10, 1925. I C , . , Soon after this happened a small group, under the leadership of \^> , Louis Gottlieb, a prominent Hungarian- Jewish lawyer, began /some/activ- ities. It was decided that the old Hungarian-Jewish Congregation should be re- organized. We are glad to inform our readers that this reore^anization movement has met with unexpectedly great success. The Hungarian-Jewish people realize that they have lost their congregation, and that they committed a grave mistake when they let their church fall into the hands of others outside of their own circle. They have reorganized under their old name. The First Hungarian Congregation. Up to date more than a hundred of the old members have rejoined. Tempo- rarily they have rented a place at 4825 N. Kedzie Avenue for their place of worship. Their plans for the future are to build a large church, school, library '^cy IB 4 -3- \^/ hj HUNGARIAN III C (Jewish) I C (Jewish) Magyar Tribune , July 10, 1925. I C and a social center for their young people. This will not only bring pride and glory to the Jewish people of this congregation, but all Hungarians will be and should be proud of this proposed project. Therefore it would be a good idea if all Hungarian people who are of the Jewish religion, would join this newly fomed Congregation, and thus help their great dreams come true in the very near future. I B 4 IfJNGARIAiJ I.!ap:yar Tribune , June 3, 1925, V.IIAT 13 T[IE THUTtI? bv Icnatz Izsak (Editorial) During the month of July, the little city of Dayton, Tennessee viill become historically famous. A world-';;ide controversy v;ill talce place. The scientific world has sounded a blast, and has invited those stubborn and blind "Deor^le v/ho believe the Bible to the letter to participate. The scientific peorile v;ill be there with all their laboratory enuipment and experiments, strivin^^ to prove their point of view. The Biblicists, church members, -orophets, priests, martyrs, and the believers I B 4 — P — IIUI^ARIAIT L'agyar Tribune, June 5, 1925. of miracles will be there v/ith Godly amissions and will try to f right en \ ^^^ the scientists. The problem about which the battle is v/arrinc: is the origin of nan. Tiie Biblicists claim that God v^-as the creator of man. The scientists claim that man's orir;in is through evolution. Charles Darwin, an j]nr;lish scientist, was the ori^-^inator of the evolution idea. He came fror^ a fa:riily of a lonf: line of clergyiaen. He v/as a modest, but rather religious man, and far from beinr: an atheist. In his book, he endeavors to show tbat he is not involved in the history of creation, nor is he tryinp; to make a story out of it. He is only probin,^ into the fact that after the earth v;as formed so was life created. Through careful stud^^, he came to the conclusion that the crii^in of life was in water, and from here all animal life started to develop. 1 m. -' The believers of the Bible x"or,get to mention that the Bible mentions the fact that it took six days for creation. All they say is that these six days L.agyar Tribune , June 5, 1925. consisted of six minute divisions of e. second, or in other vjords, v/hen God^ said there shall Be, then it happened. But accordinc to the Bible, Ke did'' not do this. He took six distinct days to develop the v/orld, which is "oroof of the fact that He also believed in evolution. The six davs of creation fit in with scientific principles. A man's life passes through a period of evolution. A person is born, then he passes through the childhood stage; the youthful stage; then comes the niddle age stage, and finally, the old or feeble stage. Each of these stages represents a period of development in the life of the human being, V/e ask ourselves v/hy is it that v;e cannot be born at the age of tv;enty and remain at that age? • The believers of the I3ible claii:! that everything is the act of Ood, and we should be satisfied v/ith this, God is not as y;reat as peoiole imagine Him to be. According to tho Bible, I B 4 - 4 - HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , J\me 5, 1925. Lot made a bargain with God vdien he bargained for the saving of Sodom and Gomorrah, and according to the Bible, God took this step in evolution with pleasure. . Bryan claims that a Jenny* s milk is the closest to a human mother's milk. He also mentions the fact that man cannot create life as yet* The various individuals, such as Burbank, only produce variations in the types with which they experiment. Bryan forgets that if man could create life, all the ideas created by the people irtio believe in God would crumble like a castle built of cards. It is our belief that the ideas conceived by God were handed down to man- kind through evolution. When we speak of evolution we do not mean to say that there is no Super Being, but we do say that it is a simple and modern conception of the creation and development of the human race. I B 4 III C I G HUI5GARIAN Liagyar Tribune > Nov. 28, 1924. VJIIAT IS STOPPING IHE ORGMIZATION OF THE CHICAGO HUICGARIAInI NORTH SIDE CATHOLICS? The interest shown by the Llagyar Tribune in the organization of a parish for the Chicago north-side Hungarian Jatholics has stirred ^^e desire foi^ activity in the hearts of the Hungarians of Chicago. In the past few years many things have been said in regards to the situation which has left the Hungarian Catholics of the North Side looking like orphans; their desire that a parish be established has never been realized. All their cries have been in vain. It is the duty of the Catholics of Chicago to find out why these people have been so neglected. These cries and pleas disappear v;ithin the home of Father Stephen Soltesz, v;ho is the Catholic priest in the Hungarian Catholic parish located on the South Side of Chicago. Liany people have observed with interest the activities of the Hungarian Catholics of the North Side. Among them was Father Menyhert Erduhely who is now located in Allentoirn, Pennsylvania. But the results of their activities were all the same; Father Stephen Soltesz, openly stated that as long as he was in Chicago, I B 4 - 2 - HUIJG^IRIAH III C I C Magyar Tribune , Nov. 28, 1924* there v/ould be no other Catholic parish established here, and that he v^'ould do everything in his pov/er to stop the organization of a Hungarian Catholic parish on the IJorth Side of Chicago, It requires t?/o hours of str()et-car riding for the average Hungarian Catholic to reach the church which Father Stephen Soltesz is serving* These people will not spend four hours traveling to and from church every Sunday. As a result, they have neglected their Catholic duties to the church, and the younger generation is growing up without faith. All this profitless sel- fishness is due to a fear that has no ba^:is in reason. According to official figures there are tv/enty-six thousand Hungarian-born people living in Chicago. Of these people there are approximately thirteen thousand Catholics, and ii'athor ooltesz has approximately four hundred of them belonging to his parish. We knov/ that rr.an^'' of the people who emigrated from Hungary are Genaan-speaking people. These Gremian-speaking Hungarians, most of v/hora live on the North Side, belong to Jt. Llichael and Jt. Joseph Cemian Catholic Church; their number is a^:oroxi:aately one thousand, so there renains I B 4 - 3 - KUI.GARI^ III C I'C Magyar Tribune > l^ov. 28, 1924. approximately eleven thousand Hungarian-Catholic irnraigrants in Chicago without a parish, li^eeping in mind the strict immigration laws of the past ten years, most of the Chicago-Hun-arian immigrants, elderly follcs v/ith families and their children, are not included in the figures mentioned above. Naturally, the German- Hungarians of the North oide talk nothing but German and, therefore, as far as they are concerned, there are no Hungarian- speaking Catholics on the I.orth Side. If Father 3oltesz is not acquainted with these figures, he certainly knows of the powerful Hungarian societies that exist in that part of the city; therefore Father ooltesz cannot be v:orking for the welfare of the Church. In the past two years Father Soltesz has refused to allow any Hungarian- Catholic priest to come into Chicago. He turned back a missionary priest sent here oy Lhe Bishop of Budapest, after v/hich the Bishop condemned the Hun- garian Catholics of America in a verf critical article v/ritten in one of the daily papers, Est > in Budapest. Father Soltesz • showed his hostility in the last month or so, v/hen he openly fought against the appearance of Father Hemm, a Jesuit missionary. I B 4 - 4 - HUIxQARlAlT III C I C Magyar Tribune > Nov, 28, 1924, Father Soltesz opposed the activities of Dr. Lipot Mosonyi, v/ho worked among the .v»orth Side Hungarians on two occasions, during which tine he xvorked with them in order to inprove their religious attitude and their general Hungarian spirit. It is this kind of a man that the i\orth Side Hun ;arians want for their priest, one v/ho unselfishly devotes his time to his own herd. But what did Father Soltesz do? He immediately started activities to stop the organization of a Hungarian-Catholic parish on the North Side. His basis for stopping these activities was that the Hungarians who lived in this dis- trict were Geriiian-speaking, and the German-Catholic churches could take these people into their fold. Father Soltesz denied religious rights to ten thousand Hungarian Catholics. It is very evident that there will not be another Hungarian-Catholic church in Chicago iSO long as i?'ather Soltesz is here. Yet there are three Hungarian- Protestant churches here and two Hungarian-Greek Orthodox churches. Those v/ho have eyes must see, and those v/ho have ears must hear. !• ATTironES C. Own and Other National or Language Groups 3> I C HDMGARIAN I a r^ Interest . June 18, 1937. SHORT ARTICLES Frank Knox, the editor of the Daily News ^ who is writing in his paper about p experiences and impressions gained in his recent European tour, tells some- r^ thing about the poverty which prevails in Hungary and which he attributes to -o the senselessness of the peace treaties* He also criticizes the Hungarian o Parliament, although that institution is more than seven hundred years old« ca^ It seems that Knox must be surrounded by a lot of Czech cohorts who now, as ^ during the war, are indoctrinating him with untrue propaganda. Arpad T. Kovacs, ^ assistant professor of history at the University of Chicago, reminds him in the Daily News that the old Hungariein institution (the Parliament) has at least as great a value in the eyes of the Hungarians, as the Supreme Court — ^which is so ably and fervently defended by the Daily Hews— in the eyes of Knox, and that there is no need of his criticizing such €Ui old €Uid tried institution which all the Hxingarians regard with the respect it fully deserves* I c III H HWTGARIAN Otthon , Aug. 9, 193L^. VCIC:^ OF TU F30PLE (Editorial) V/e have read in the columns of the Daily News v;hat our compatriot, Frank Bologh, wrote about the deplorable situation of the Hungarian minority in Czecho-Slovakia. An answer to this was inevitable, from the standpoint of the Czechs, who refuted the allegations of Bologh. So far, this would be in order, but we did not count on a Hungarian who would use the columns of the Daily Nevfs to minimize and justify the acts of the Czechs • The person who wrote the article did not have enouf^h courage to sign his name, but caiiouflages his identity in the signature of ""Mr. Hungarian- American." V/e believe that the anonymous author is not a Hungarian, but . 2 - HUlTGARI/iN Otthon, Aug. 9, 1935. a Czech, who is trying to side-track American public opinion. Me would be pleased to know that our guess is correct, because we would be sorry to think that a real Hungarian would quote our enemy, Palacky, Czech Historian, states that the Czechs only received the land that was rightfully theirs for thousands of years. On the basis of this adulterated history, the restoration of the Phoenician empire could be demanded, too. It is generally known that when the liagyars settled in Hungary, there were Slav tribes in upper Hungary, but they did not form a state and consequently had no govr^rnment* Under the rule of the :.!agyars, they became an organized part of the government of Hungary. The stories of their persecution is not true, because the contrary is proved by the fact that during a thousand years of Hungarian "oppression" they xvere allowed to retain free use of their - 3 - lOTia-iRiAii Ctthon, Aug* 9, 1935. language. V^Tiat did the 31avs have to do v/ith the Tartar scourc?,e, ''i/!r. Hungarian -i\meri can'' could tell us. only The Czechs in I.orthsrn Hungary would uant the lunf^arians to be resip,ned to their fate and bow their heads to Czech rule. To those v/ho think such will ever be true, then raother country, race, and nationalism, mean nothing. They v;ould embrace the universe but would spurn their mother. 'Te do not know who the anonymous 'Mr. Hunr^ar ian-i oner i can" is; if he is not a Czech dupe , but Llagyars . a so-called Hungarian, he deserves the condepination of all true I C HUNGi\RIi\N III B 3 b II B 1 a Otthon, Dec. 31, 1933. 7 A 2 IV GYPSY CHRISTMAS Sunday, Dec, 24, liugene Petrovits and his wife feeld the first Christinas party for Hungarian gypsy children* There were about forty black-eyed, raven-haired gypsy children. Not one was a blonde. There were toys for all. It may seem a little strange that Petrovits, a leading Hungarian, should do this for the gypsy children, but he says that vje must give a little credit and pleasure to these nameless pioneers of culture. Our Hungarian gjrpsies are glad when we are glad, sad when ;ve are sad, and play our music for our pleasure in a manner no one can imitate. I c I J I G 17 III B 3 a (Serbian) i.TXvG.u'.iI>JT Ctthon, Dec. 24, 193:^. (rLditorial) The Jugoslav "fake'* nation, v.hich can thank its being to '..ilson*s ignorant kindness, celebrated its loth birthday anniversary en Lec» 7 at the Kami 1 ton Club. I7o Flatter hov; much this celebration hurts us -^"ungarians , ve must admit that they have a right to celebrate. V;e noted 7;ith surprise and distaste, that there v/as a Hungarian among those present. Tliis man v;as Dr. .'.rpcd Earothy, so-called leader among Hungarians in Chicago. He is the president of the llagyar Revision (of the Treaty of Trianon) League. Perhaps Dr. Earothy v/ill say that he is an .'jrierican and ov;es no allegiance to Hungary. This is a matter of taste. ::e v;ouldn*t sit atone table vrith _ 2 - HUEG/ffilAK Otthon, Dec. 24, 1933. /o^^^X t /. those who robbed cur Mother- country and killed our kin. This man has no right to call himself Llagyar even v:hen his vanity or interests mcke it desirable. Especially, he shouldn't act the leader in Hungarian move- ments, because he v;ould shame the cause. I c III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune , Aagust 25, 1933. II D 2 LET US END TH3 DISCORD! Editorial **Let us end the discordt** This was the slogan which, in spite of all hindirances and regardless of religious and political beliefs, brought together from all over America the delegates of the different Hungarian associations to the history-making convention held in Chicago on June 23, 24, and 25* Let us save our sick benefit associations which operate on a fraternal basis, and which, in case of sickness or death, are the last line of defense of many thousands of Hungarian-Amer leans • Let us save these associations for their aged and Jobless members, who either have already been dropped or face being dropped from the membership rolls, and who thiou^ decades have faithfully paid their dues from their hard-earned wages • Let us help one another in every emergency* HDKGARIAN I C - 2 - HDKGARIM III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune . August 25, 1933* II D 2 / This was the problem the Chicago Convention was busy \-vith— '^^y ^/ and it was with it in mind that it drew up plans to protect the members ^^ — - of all Hungarian associations* At this Convention no word was uttered on political or religious issues • But those Individuals and groups that take advantage of the discord exist- ing between the members to prey as parasites upon the already hard-pressed associations are alarmed at the thought that the latter have found at long last a way to act Jointly for the interest of all. With the bugaboo of politics these parasites have endeavored to frustrate the Convention by attempting to frighten away the associations from sending their delegates to it» Those who have always exploited the members of the associations and who have never done for the Hungarian-Americans anything in which they did not skim off the cream—those very same groups and individuals are now shouting: **Attention, the money of the associations is coveted here!** I C - 3 - HUITaARI AI' III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune , August 25, 1933* 1'^ V Ph o II D 2 The Convention has declared that it does not want the money of ^^'^^^^ any of the associations. They handle their own money; we only want to obtain through our joined forces Government aid to cover the bond and bank deposit losses suffered by them. Despite the fact that these attackers and slanderers could have easily convinced themselves at the Convention that no one could be fooled this time by their attacks—for, without exception, all the great Hungarian settlements were represented there and no political questions were raised, nor was there a word about anybody making money~yet they not only kept up their unjust assaults but, by smearing honest and worthy delegates, also attempted to sidetrack the attention of the well-intentioned association leaders and members from the important issues to other channels. These individuals and groups not only do not help in the great work of the National Protective Federation which was formed at the Convention to save the associations and their members but do everything possible to frustrate - 4 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , August 25, 193 3« A:^ .,i ^ /^'i^ XA the fulfillment of the Federation's beautiful and worthwhile *V program^ Association leaders and members 1 Do not listen to the sowers of discord t Do not fall for the slanderers 1 You know them; you ought to know them from their harmful activity to disunite the Hungarians! Association members I The Protective Federation is yours*- it is with you and for you and it aims to bring about results that will be useful for the members of the Hungarian-^Amarican associations. 7oa are the guarantee that the Protective Federation belongs to every Hungarian-American, regardless of his political or religious creed* Leaders of national and local associations! Association members! Let us get together to protect our mutual interests and to rescue our old members! This is a great and important task. Join the Protective Federation. We are inviting all associations to the coimon work. r) I C - 5 - HONGARIAN III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune, August 25, 1933. II D 2 let us end the discord! I c II B 1 c (3) HUNGi\RIAN Llagyar Tribune. Aug, 11, 1933* ^ONSUL SHOULD MDW KIS BUSINESS7 (Editorial) Our public life in Chicago has again some sensation of its own, as the Royal Hungarian Consul, in his speech over the radio the other day, made the state- ment that if the projected Hungarian Day at the Jorld^s Fair is not successful, the cause will be the Cultural Federation's failure to support it* ^ It is very nice of the Consul so to recognize the influence the Cultural Federa- Z tion wields — an influence of v/hich he is afraid. ^ t: His words, indeed, are proof of the Consul's mental poverty. If we want to be objective, we must state that the Consul is just the person with the least right to speak on this matter, for, as it is well known, the Hungarian government is not officially represented at the V/orld's Fair, so he CD - 2 - HUITaiRIAN II B 1 c (3) rfeigy^r Tribune > Aug. 11, 1933. has no right to interfere officially* The Consul, as a commercial representative of Hungary, would do -veil if he would keep himself well inside the borders of his calling, and it surely would be better if he would rather endeavor to build up better commercial connections between Hungary and America instead of interfering with the private affairs of the Hungarians of Chicago and trying to disunite them* As it is, they are 3;. already torn enough between themselves*. And, as the proverb says:**Ead you 1^ kept still, you would have been wiser. ^ p As to the Cultural Federation itself, not belittling the importance of its g moral influence^we cannot believe that it would do anything to prevent the sue- ^ cess of the Hungarian Day. Standing on the height of its calling, the Federation c^ has much more noble things to do than to stoop to waste its energy on such frivolous activities. If there is anything which may frustrate the success of the Day, look for it CJ* I C - 3 - HDNGARIAN iTTb 1 c (3) Lla^yar 'Pribune ^ Aug. 11, 1933* somewhere else, not in the Cultural Federation; and we think it would be wiser to find the real reason than to look for a scapegoat. The real reason, is found in the fact that, by arranging a Hungarian Day, the Mdgyar Club wants to earn laurels. The leaders of the Club are directing the whole action from behind the curtains, in order to endear themselves to the Hungarian /government. To attain this aim, they exploit the zeal of some well- meaning and honest leaders of the Hungarians, The masses, however, are not prone to swallow the hook, since they know very ^ well that the white-collar gentlemen, after letting the former pick the chestnuts § out of the fire for them, look upon the common people as ^stinky peasants^. The ^ masses, therefore, are not so very enthusiastic about eating cherries from a .:^ common plate with them. ^^ And you cannot blame the Hungarians of Chicago. I C HDHGARIAN II D 1 ir Tribune , Jxxly 28, 1933. JJsr^S NOT FOMENT DISSEN3I0»7 aaitorlal Of late we have been noticing a certain state of unrest in our Hungarian circles-— produced no doubt by the Chicago representative of Szabadsag (Liberty) , with the intention of disturbing the peaceful co-operation now existing among our people for his own personal interests • It seema that of late Mr. ^r^ Prank has told so many fibs: to express it as hcomlessly as possible— • that now he himself believes them. Right here, however, let it be said that he is the only one believing them and that he has lost his prestige in the eyes of the Hungarians, especially those in the ^ South Side. Well, there is an old Hungarian proverb that the pitcher goes so long to the spring that at last it breaks* CD ro I C - 2 - HDNGAEIM II D 1 Magyar Tribune , July 28, 1933. The Hungarian Federation of Associations and Churches In the South Side held a meeting last week at which Mr. Prank, directly In opposition to the ethics of Journalism, behaved like the dictator of the Chicago Hungarians, or at least he tried to show hLiiself up In that role when he tried to force his will on the meeting* It seems, though, that he found a hard nut to crack, for many In the ^ gathering spoke not so very flatteringly about this domineering news pi representative* No man of good taste likes to hear a newspaper man attack r; another* -o o Acknowledgment Is due the Hungarian Federation of Associations and Churches ^ In the South Side, whose management Is composed of the presidents and other § officials of the associations belonging to the Federation, for Its correct Hungarian attitude of not paying any attention to lies and malicious calumnies and by remaining on the straight path of justice* I C - 3 - HUKGARIAN II D 1 - Magyar Tribune , July 28, 1933. Yes, there are inany things the Iiungarians of Chicago could learn from these brave brothers of ours in the South Side; in the first place, they could learn how to guard our present good mutual understanding and how to van- quish all ill-willed attempts to foment hate among us. Our brothers in the South Side have proved again that they stand on thair feet and think v.lth their heads, and that they do not allow themselves to be led astray by malevolent people, ^ 7/e dip the flag of acknowledgment before them. p The National Protective Federation of Hungarian-A.^erican Associations is ^ o still under h^^avy bombardment, as some persons — to whom the Federation is i— a bone in the throat— are trying again to pain^ it red, no doubt because ^ they see in it a danger that will eventually overtake than. J>' I C - 4 - IIUI-TQARIAIT II D 1 Llagyar Tribune , July 28, 1933, « Their efforts are in vain. They are unable to deny facts, and their shameless distortion of the truth is comin;:: to light again, and truth, like the sun, shines once more thi'ough the dark clouds of lies. It is a fact that truth can be held back awhile but never stopped in its victorious march. Steve Serator, a delegate fro.Ti Trenton, is again in the limelight. He is accused — as .ve reported in one of our previous issues — of having made a :^ derogatoI^^ remark about an association in Trenton at the Chicago convention. :^ ;/e predicted then that this accusation 'ould burst like a soap bubble. p I — • AJid that is exactly v/hat happened when it was found that the person who ^ made the accusation in a letter published by the Hungarian/ newspaper in £ Trenton had not even been present at the convention and naturally could not oo have known v;hat happened there. This Hungarian now notifies those concerned i:::^ to this effect, and so, on this occasion also, a delegate is cleared of a *^ 10 - 5 - HUi;;G:VRIAN TTd 1 I.Iaf^yar Tribune , July 28, 193o. charce of \7hich he v/as unjustly accused. In the meantime the Federation's v;ork is unrelentin:::-ly coinc on, and the Nationiil Board of Directors receives day by day reports from all ovor the country favorable to the movement, thus proving that the v;ork being done has found an echo in the hearts of the Hungarian-Americans, which is only natural, as anyone can convince hL;:self by a thorough and unbiased study ^ of the movement, whose sole aim is to protect the interests of the Ilungar- 5 ians of .'jnerica. p How that the Chicago District Board has been formed, work has begun to -c assume im-30sing proportions since the mambers of its committees are men o v/ho .;ould rather disregard their own personal interests than those of the ^ Ilunf^arian-.^ericans as a whole. C^ And this is what raves living force to this movements I c II D 1 II D 2 Magyar Tribune , July 21, 1933. HUNGARIAN (Editorial) To the uninvited busybodies of our associations, the National Protective Federa- tion of Hungarian-American Associations is still a nut hard to crack, not only x because this organization was not called into life for parading under the false T password of patriotism, which would only add new burdens to its members, but fi also because it was created with the purpose of pulling the associations and ^ their members out of the quagmire into which they fell as a result of the J present economic crisis* ^ Naturally, in an action such as this, there is no room for parading ourselves clad in national costumes to the tunes of Hungarian gypsy bands or for blasting away high-sounding empty phrases in highfalutin speeches, but there certainly is plenty of room for the tiresome work of uncovering the sad facts in their plain truthfulness, which work is much more serious than any parading* I C - 2 - HUNGARIAN II D 1 II D 2 Magyar Tribune , July 21, 1933. And that is what the uninvited busybodies do not like* At first these men had the temerity, for lack of a better argument, to smear this movement as red* Now when they see that this calumny didnH work they are directing their efforts in another direction, loudly announcing that the asso- ciations have to get back on their feet through their own initiative, as there is no chance that the American Government will ever aid them and their members, ^ and that—in their opinion— the whole movement is only a waste of time* ^ * This, of course, is only the opinion of uninvited busybodies, and as such it has no value at all* ^ Undoubtedly, they have never stopped to think that the originators of this :^^ movement might have planned the whole action carefully^ In fact, long before ::ii anything was started, the initiators of the movement had collected all the required information from authoritative sources, so that they know the chances there are for the success of such country-wide movement* And it was not until I C ^ 3 - HUNGARIAN II D 1 II D 2 Magyar Tribune , July '^.l, 1933. they were convinced that the execution of the program could not be done exactly as planned but that the greater part of it was still possible > that the action .was begun, an action which still goes on unremittingly, since the men who conduct it are not directed by human vanity but by brotherly love* And if that is a crime, it is only in the eyes of those who serve selfish interests. We are certain that John ?• Csizmadia, a Hungarian attorney in Cleveland; Coloman KolozBvary; I.^nacius Fancsali; Steve Gyurica; John Szereto, etc., all members of the Federation's national board of directors, are at least as smart as any of the uninvited busybodies, and that if they would see no possibili- ties in the movement, they would not participate in it. Naturally, if we go to the Reconstruction Finance Corporation only with fables, certainly the r-sult would be sad, but the iMational Protective Federation will not approach this great national institution with stories but with acceptable -J I C - 4 - HPNGARIAN II D 1 II D 2 Magyar Tribune > July 21, 1933. and unquestionable facts* That this Is true Is best proved by the letter received by John P« Cslzmadla from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation* So, then, the argument that the Government wouldnH help has also suffered defeat* What comes next? Last Saturday evening our neirspaper was subjected to a tirade from a leading personality, who loudly announced that our weekly feeds the public with dope. We are not angry, for our conviction Is that this very worthy compatriot of ours has been misled, as otherwise he would have spoken differently* However, we have to remind this very esteemable countryman of ours that It Is not gentlemanlike and by no means dignified for a Hungarian to pass an Ignominious sentence over something without first examining the *'crlme*** o I C - 5 - IIUNGARIM II D 1 II D 2 Magyar Tribune . J"uly 21, 1933. We are sure that if thir^ verv resDectable corriDatriot of ours would have thought over the whole affair and would not have gulped the hook of others, or if he would ave taken the trouble to look a little deeper into the case, then he could have seen that here there is no dope but only plain facts. iCverybody knov/s that superficiality does not burden the brain, so it is no wonder that many persons find it easier to use. Those who really care for the fate of their fellow men are not afraid of a little brain work. For not always is the individual the most important; there are cases in which the individual should shove back his en:o, especially if by bo doing he serves the common good. And in this lies real brotherly love. CD I I C HUNGARIAN III H Magyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), Apr. 14, 1933 • /the question of pure hungariaib7 There is again a storm in our inner Hungarian circles in Chicago, and not of the type that would be to the advantage of the Hungarians in the city# We learn, to our sorrow, that some of our leaders have turned into knights of the dark and are wandering astray* ISiis is injurious not only to the Hungarians of Chicago but to the Hungarians of America as well* We learned that there are Hungarians among us Mtho would like to plant Fascism in the ranks of our people in Chicago, and they do that in the most cunning manner, showing themselves to the world as innocent lambs while endeavoring to raise partition wall between Hungarian and Hungarian* A man of character usually comes to the open with his colors—whatever they may be-- and does not play hide and seek with his convictions* It seems that not all pure-blooded Hungarians know that cunning is a trait never present in the Hungarian character* O I C - 2 - • HDNGARIAN III H Ifeigyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune) , Apr. 14, 1933. There happens to exist among us a Hungarian who, without any hesitation has had the temerity to tell one of his countrjrmen that one of his acquaintances is not a Hungarian at all, and speaks Hungarian only for the simple reason that he can speak no other language. Now, this is a shameful — one could even say, an idiotic — statement, for if that •'real" Hungarian were to seek-— even in Hungary itself — for pure Hungarians, he would find mighty few of them. In all Europe, Hungary is probably the only country where the people is so melted together from so many nations that one, coxxld hsirdly, even with the help of a lamp, find a person of pure Hungarian origin* O The fact that some one is not a Fascist or Anti-Semite does not necessarily mean ^ that he is not Hungarian. On the contrary, in the eyes of any intelligent and sober- thinking cultured person, he is not only a real Hungarian but a perfect and straightrspined man as well. t I C - 3 - HUHGARIAH III H Magyar Tribune (Hxmgarlan Tribune) , Apr» 14 ^ 1933» Uaybe this compatriot of ours^ ivlio is talcing the role of knight, does not know ¥Aiat our greatest Hungarian /Count Istvan Szechenyi/ has said: ^There are so few of usy that we ought to pardon even the patricide** • Those who intend to take active part in the public life of the Hungarian- Americans must, in the first place, know that the interests of the latter demand that there ought to exist the strongest possible link between them and should refrain from building walls of separation between us« The existence and the surrival of the Hungarian-Americans depend on our effort to draw as many Hungarian-speaking and Hungarian- feeling persons as possible into our midst, as otherwise extinction will be the fate of Hungarian life in the future. It would be well for those who favor Fascism to keep this in mind« I C HUI^OARIAN II D 1 II D 2 Ilagyar Tribune , Nov. 6, 1931. SEm^ ON U3I The latest convention of the Verhovay Aid Association in Philadelphia adopted a resolution whereby the paragraph in its by-laws which prohibits the acceptance of applicants of certain religions as members becomes null and void, so that in the future Jews, too, may become members of the Association* 'Ve greet this decision as a sign of sensible perception, in step with prevailing modem ideas, and worthy of the leaders of ATierica^s greatest and most powerful Hungarian association* According to the by-laws of the assoc nation, this resolution becomes a by- law only when at least two-thirds of the districts accept it. We learn now, v/ith great surprise, that District No. 21 in Chicago has re- jected this decision of the convention, and we are afraid that if this ex- ample is followed by others, the whole action will be a failure. It is to I C - 2 - HONGaRIAN II D 1 II D 2 Magyar Tribune , Nov. 6, 1931. be regretted that only four out of thirteen delegates could think soberly; three others hid themselves under the cloak of neutrality, and the other six showed their backwardness and gave evidence of their poor mentality. Anthony Lhchinan, Steve Rozgonyi, Julius Szabo, and August Pentek were those v/ho re- presented the progressive spirit, but to our regret, in vain, as they were unable to bring light into the dark souls of their apponents. .And yet, Rome has already a Jewish mayor, Palestine has a Jewish governor, Hungary has a Jewish Minister of Justice, and one Chief Justice of the United States is also a Jew. 77e cannot say more about this affair than it is impossible to turn back the march of time. Sveryi^hing runs fast at full gallop, and the coming event will swipe av/ay all those backwai^, dark-souled men T-vho do not want to or cannot understand the commands of Time. CO cr c HUlMGiiRIAN III B 4 ^^ ^ 1 Magyar Tribune, Sept. 4, 1931 • III K i'LBOUT THE LIBiilRAL RESOLUTIONS OF TlCl YIBmYAY AID SOCESTY'S C0OTJ2^I0N (iiditorial by Dr. nirno Lowinger) The writer, while on his vacation, received word about the national convention of the Verhovay Aid Society Trom the editor of the Ivlagyar Tribune , >>>>The Magyar Tribune has for twenty years been a frank, consistent, and fearless advocate of progressive ideas, and the writer has had many occasions to fight against anti-Semitism in Magyar-America during the past twenty-five years. Therefore, we feel that it is our duty to discuss the resolutions passed at the national convention of the Verhovay Aid Society at Pittsburgh. /Transla- tor's note: The Verhovay Aid Society is a national organization with about 30,000 members, of which number there are from two to five thousand members in Chicago. The Society holds a national convention once every four yearsj^ Y/e, as loyal and sworn citizens of America, believe that the monarchial fo I C - 2 - HUNGARIAN III B 4 II D 1 M agyar Tribune , Sept* 4, 1931. III H of government is antiquated, and is merely a superfluous, superficial, pompous nuisance to intelligent, mentally balanced citizens. The republican fona of government, with the secret ballot, giving to the individual a wider field for his ambitions, is more suited to our taste. The Hapsburg dynasty — which ruled our mother country for centuries — ^was re- sponsible for the fact that during its reign the Hungarians were the vassals of the feudal lords. The Hapsburg family is responsible for the dismember- ment of Hungary at Trianon, and for the fact that Hungary, alone of the countries of Europe, is operated under a feudal system for the exclusive bene- fit of the landov/ners and clergy. It is the duty of all good Americans to protest against the restoration of the Hapsburgs. It is even more a duty for us, the Kungarian-bom, to lift our voices against the restoration of the Hapsburg Dynasty so strongly that they will be heard all over the world and especially in Hungary - ^v *o> I C - 3 - HUITGiJRlAK III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune , Sept. 4, 1931. III H This was done by the convention of the Terhovay Society in August at Pittsburgh. •••• It was a noble gesture. It v»/as an honest American demonstra- tion The other important decision of the convention was — by a majority vote of the delegates — that hereafter any Hungarian-American may become a member regard- less of his religion. This means tiiat the Verhovay has discarded its forty- five-year-old anti-Semitic tradition, its Verhovay-Istoczy heritage of the Kiddle Agas, and has adopted the liberal, progressive American spirit, opening its gates to all Hungarians, including the Hungarian Jews The spirit of hatred of Gyula Verhovay and Gyozo Istoczy, which pervaded Hungarian-American social life, ivas a dark blot and a paralyzing influence, a barrier to co-operation. We have been familiar with the intrigue and selfish motives which prompted W.P.il. I C - 4 - HUNGiaiAN ' III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune , Sept. 4, 1931* III H the toleration of this spirit of the Middle Ages in th3 Verhovay Aid Society for the past forty-five years. Hov/ever, the losers by this arrange- ment were not the Hungarian Jews....# In every American city with a large Hungarian population, there were liberal Hungarian sick benefit societies that did not raise an artificial barrier between Hungarians and Hungarians; the Hungarian Jews in America were not denied their place in the social life of their Christian countrymen. Naturally, those who have wished to become mem- bers of the great Verhovay Aid Society have their chance now What causes the greatest pleasure to us in this resolution is the fact that it is a moral victory, with a definite spiritual value. We are glad that the older p calmer Hungarians* way of thinking has reached this layer of Hungarian- American society. V/e are glad that the liberal American spirit is gaining ground.... .We are glad that the ideas of Gyula Verhovay and Gyorgy Istoczy, which came in the eighties, have at last been outlawed. I C - 5 - HUl-IGARIAIJ III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune , Sept. 4, 1931. III H It is not easy for any nation* s sons to come to the conclusion that in the end anti-3emitisia is an evil and stupid political practice. ••••But to introduce anti-Semitism and make it permanent in the social life of Ameri- can Hungarians is a sin^ There are so few of us and we mean so little here that only unscrupulous, selfish climbers would think of disrupting our unity by advocating hatred. Anti-Semitism among the Hungarians of America means the weakening of our strength; it is against Hungarian interests • The Hungarian-American Jews have proved their love and loyalty toward our mother country Y/e Hungarian-Americems of the Hebrew religion may become loyal and honest citizens of this gj?eat country, but when singing the "Star- Spangled Banner" and "My Country" — the national anthems — we include "Gtod Bless the Magyars". Anyone who disturbs this unselfish and sacred sentiment with incitement to hatred on religious grounds does not deserve to be a citizen of America^ We Hungarians in America are a minority among a hundred and twenty million I C - 6 - * HUI-TGARIAI^ III B 4 II D 1 Magyar Tribune , Sept* 4, 1931* III H people, and we shoiild be able to iinderstand and sympathize with the five hundred thousand Jews aiaong the eight million Hungarians in Hungary, where they live and if necessary die for their country,... .The injustice of the Verhovay Society which for forty-five years has barred Hungarian Jews, has hurt... .. And now, because the Verhovay Aid Society has put an end to this practice, we greet it with all the warmth of our hearts, and would like to wring the hand of each delegate and thank him for casting his vote for this liberal and progressive resolution The writer*s sacred conviction is that God will bless the Verhovay Aid Society's work..... I C HUTIQARIAN I F 1 III H I/Iagyar Tribune , Ilnr. 27, 1931. 17 (Bohemian) •niE CAI',!PAiaN OF IliCITeiiSITT (Editorial by Dr. Erno Lov/inr^er) A bitter mayoralt?/ caiiipai^n is beinc v/a<^ed in Chicar^o. The primary election elicited ridicule and nausea throufjiout the nation and the v/orld. The life-and-death strun;clG v^ill be decided on April 7 and the contestants v/ill not be particular in choosinr^ their v/eapons,... In spite of the fact that v/e Hungarians are just as vitally interested in the affairs of our city as any other national p:roup, it vras not our intention to discuss the mayoralty stru,^^le in an editorial, but the developments compel us to do so. ?or weeks a v/hisperin^ campaif^n has been goinp; on in Ilunr^arian- and German- speaking^ circles. The rumor is beinr- spread that because of rational hatred I C - 2 - ITO-iaARIAN I F 1 III H Llagyar Tribune > Liar. 27, 1931, IV (Bohemian) and jealousy the Hungarians and O-ermans v/ill not vote for ^^^toton zJJ Geinak, These poisoners make deprecatin;- allusion to Gerriak^s name and Gzech oririi"- i^ their appeals to the unsuspecting and innocent voter. The so-called Yankee voters are taunted with the foreign name of Cerriiak and the fact that he is an immic;rant. There is a poison ready for every type of voter. Intelligent native Americans, and citizens of Hungarian and O-errrian stock are familiar vrith this lovr form of incitement and condeinn it v;ith disgust. Hovj- ever, there are many gullible people among the immigrants v/ho believe this underhanded propaganda,... No people in the v/orld have been so disillusioned with campaigns of incitement as the Hungarians, y±io v/ere dupes of the Hapsburgs* poisonous propaganda.... Hungary was ruined by the inciters, but in America the self-styled patriots will Bieet with no response. /c/ *0 / ^ c/ I C - 3 - HUI^ARIAI^ I F 1 III H Lla^/ar Tribune , Liar. f37, 1931. IV (Bohemian) America is the neltin-: pot of nations. She became great and pov/erful because the motto here is unity and co-operation. V7e must bur^'^ the prejudices, the hatred and jealousy, v;hich have been instiJ.led into the hearts of the children of Central Europe. Here in /unerica, under the Stars and Stripes, xve are blended together, make peace with one another, live side by side, struggle for existence together, and become ^\mericans not only in out- ward appearance but in our speech and convictions as well. 7/e do not for a mom.ent deny our brothers across the ocean, or forget our dis- membered mother country. . . • , but our thoughts and spirit are American. We think of a brighter future, and not merely of a sad past. Anyone who v/ants to mix Central European or Hungarian nationa]. politics into the Chicago mayoralty election is either a half-witted clown or a paid propagandist. Nothing should be taken into consideration in this election except our personal I - 4 - HUNaAHIM I F 1 III H IV (Bohemian) tfeigyar Tribune > I^tir. 27, 1931. liberty, our homes, our taxes, the education of our children, our daily bread, our health, and Chicago's future. If anyone says anything different, he is lyinp; and we should not listen. % Hungarian brethrenl Don't let our most holy sorrow be bandied about by cheap politicians! Ti*:o distinguished candidates are contendin.^ for the office of mayor. Both have had long public careers from vrhich any citizen v/ho is sane in his thinking and voting can judge whether or not they are qualified to fill the office of mayor for four years.. ••• Let us v/eigh the mistakes of Cermak in the last twenty or more years in public office, and Thompson's, too, and select one who is more worthy of our vote. Deeds and achievements alone should decide the question, and not these J I - 5 - HDMGARIAN I F 1 III H Ifagyar Tribune , Mar» 27, 1931. IV (Bohemian) provocative harangues, because this is the only weiy that we can contribute to the welfare of our city, ourselves, our families, and also of our fellow citizens of Hungarian stock*.... I C HDNQARIAN II D 1 III A Magyar Trlbtme . Nov. 7, 1930« WHT DO WE LEAD A USELESS LIFE? (Editorial by Mortem Benedek) At the jubilee celebration of Branch 164 of the Verhovay Aid Society last Sunday, one of the speakers made some assertions with vrhich we do not agree; we will endeavor to show here why we disagi*ee« The speaker in his masterly oration bemoaned the fact that the Hungarian- Americans are the most backwai^ of all national groups living in America. The Hungarian-Americ6uis have not one institution which serves the good of the public—no orphanage, no home for the aged, etc. After the foregoing assertion, the speaker assumed the role of accuser. He blamed the old country, the local Hungarian consul, the clergy, the Hungarian-American press, and the Hungarian-Americans generally. He concluded his speech with the assertion that the Hungarian-Americans cannot create anything permanent, because they lead a useless life. I C - 2 - HUNGARIAN II D 1 III A Magyar Tribune > Nov* 7, 1930* Undoubtedly there is a bit of truth in these assertions , because the pre-war Hungarian goyemments neglected the Hungarian- Americans entirely and did not even maintain contact with them* In those times Hungarians were not known as a sepGa:^te national group ^ but were called Austro-Hungarians by the Americans. Meverthless, the Hungarians of that time did not despair; instead ^ a few unselfish men, who recognized the isolation of their people , organized the Hungarian- Americans into groups* To prove that the work of these pioneers was worth while, we have institutions that are today celebrating their anniver^ scu^ies of twenty, twenty-five, thirty, and thirty-five years* We are not, therefore, leading an entirely useless life* That up to the present time we have been unable to create anything permanent— as the speaker asserted — is not entirely the fault of the Hungarians, because for the past few decades the Hungarian-Americans have sacrificed much €aid contributed always to different Hungarian movements* Consequently, the fault must be found elsewhere* I C - 3 - HDNGARIAN II D 1 III A Magyar Tribune , Nov. 7, 1930. For anyone who has been attentively following the movements of the Hungarian- Americans in the past years, it is not difficult to place the blame. The battle is never lost by the troops, but by those officers who, to reap laurels for themselves, incite their men to sacrifice. Recent arrivals from Hungary cannot realize the extent of the work of the pioneers, because they find smoothly paved roads, the work of unselfish Hungarian workers. However, the leaders of national movements — in the past— were not so unselfish. The white-collar, pressed-trouser class of gentlemen— with rare exceptions — participated in these movements for personal glory, and, if obstacles arose and they were thwarted in their desire, they did not hesitate to wreck the most noble causes. Such scoundrels created a useless life here..... Thousands of dollars were taken from the Hungarian- Americans for veirious puzposes. When, subsequently, these plans did not materialize, the hard-earned money of the contributors was never returned* ••♦ .After many such experiences. Is it any wonder that the Hungarian-Anericans have become less gullible and less willing to make contributions?.... The Hungariem -Americans today are less - ^ I C - 4 - HDHGARIAN II D 1 III A Magyar Tribune . Nov, 7, 1930, naive and more cautious than in the past, and they do not so readily believe nicely-phrased requests for donations. They have learned to their sorrow not to believe everything that the aristocratic leaders say««*.« But by no means does this newly-acquired conservatism of the Hungarian- Americans mean that they are leading a useless life* It does prove , however ^ that they are more mature €Lnd more able to Judge sanely* It is not so easy today to organize the Hungarians in the old-fashioned way that was used in the old coimtry — coercion by the county squire with the aid of the gendarmes* In our opinion, when accusations and reproaches are voiced, each individual who has had more education than his fellow men should look for the fault in himself; possibly in that way we could find the cause for our useless life* c III H iruiiGAiiiAi: I.'.ggyar Tribune, July 19, 1929. PCLisii day: gepij-j: day: VHien Will There Ee a Hungarisji Dav? Ilalasi rt, Those whc live on the Ilcrth West Side ojid travel on streetcars unconsciously notice the conspicuously placed placards odvertisin/^ the Polish Day that will tc.ke place on July 21, the proceeds of which v/ill be turned over to charity. The Geriaejis had a Geriiieji Day at Grojit Park a few weeks e.^o* The Czechoslovaks had a Czechoslovak Day displeyinf; jreiid athletic exercises* Tl'^e Swedes are also heralding a Swedish Day in the near future. All these national groups show thus how strongly they are united. T-.cusands of their peoples attend these national days. They consider it their duty to take part in these naticnal dei/ionstraticns in their adopted countrj^ I C - 2 - HUITGJ4P.IM HI H Hagyar Tribune ^ July 19, 1929. The financial success of these ©ffairs enables the national groups to aid their mother countries. Viewing all this, one thinks sadly about the Hungarian situation here. Yftio of us gives a thought to Magyar Day? Our societies end churches are wrapped up in their own insignificant problems. 'They believe that if they concern themselves with a general Hungarian problem, it will be detrimental to their activities. Tirhile other national groups call attention to themselves by th^se national days, we Hungarians sit back with folded hands, idly, waiting for public opinion to be aroused to sympathy. It is much more important for the Hungarians to hold a Llagyar Day which would be attended by all Hungarians regardless of religion or political views. The Poles hold their Polish Day for cultural and charitable purposes. Is I C - 3 - HUITGARIM III H Llngyar Tribune^ July 19, 1929^ ^ pf ('IL' PRO. 30?*^^ there a better cultural aim than to give assistance to the victims of the numerus cle.usus? I IMM^— ^ The Hungarian youths vrho want to study have to go to other countries because their own country denies them this ci^portunity. These students, especially those in the field of the sciences, bring glory to the Hungarian race* How much good could be accomplished on such a Magyar Day, when thousands of Hungarians would get together. Vfe could discuss our mother country^s plight and how we could be of help. Vfe could use our influence to put a stop to the yellow brand that is being sts^aped on the children of ejicther religion (Jews) • The best proof of the indifference of the local Hungarians is that last year, when the barbarous Rumanians butchered our Hungariain brethren in TTagyvarad, they did nothing, although this newspaper called their attention I C - 4 - HUNGARIAN TTr"H Magyar Tribune, July 19, 1929. to these atrocities. Then it would have been the opportune time to show official circles here the brutality of the people to whom parts of cur country of birth were thrown. laagyarsl At long last, do somethinr; for the coioiaon cause of all Hungarians. I c III 3 3a (Korwegian) III B 2 I G Wr^A (iLL> PRO j. 30276 HUNGARIAN Otthon, i'jlay 26, 1929. CHICiiCX) HUN-tARIaNS AT N01-./2GIaM INDEP ■.NDENCE DAY CELEBRiiTION p«2» ; Ilorway was under Danish rule for a long period of time. One hundred years ago they declared their independence. Later they had a union with Sweden that is they had one king. About twenty-five years ago the Norwegian House of Representatives > the Storthing, decided to dissolve this arrangement and offered the royal crown to the younger son of the king of Denmark ft hereby becoming an independent kingdom. That this didn't bring about a war betv/een Sweden and Norway can be attributed to their king, Oscar II, who bowed to the wishes of the people and didn't try to use force This 100th anniversary was celebrated by the Norv/egians in Chicago, Friday. May 17 • The first part of the celebration was held in Lincoln Park in the afternoon and at the Medinah Temple (Rush & Ontario) in the evening. The Hjingarians who love liberty and are alv/ays fighting for it, have always had a WPA (ILUPROJ. 302/6 . 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, :fey 26, 1929. sympathetic feeling toward the Mor'vegians. At the suggestion of our editor, the Chicago -iagyar Club was represented ^^this occassion by a comndttee. They presented their congratulations in rvriting^ The document was decorated with the Hungarian national colors. The text written by Lotiis K* Birinyr is as follows: "Our highly Respected and Happy Fellcw^^merican -Citizens of Norwegian Descent: We, the undersigned American citizens of Hungarian descent, cordially greet you on this happy occasion where you are celebrating the glorious independence of the great and good people emd democratic Kingdom of Norway, ./e rejoice and are deeply thankful v/ith you that we are living inland are privileged to enjoy the sacred rights end to share in the performance of the duties of the citizenship of this great and glorious deiiocratic country of ours, v/herein we are permitted to recall the greatness of our ancestors, to respect their hallowed memories and to publicly celebrate their achievements in the Bj^ieres of religious, educational, . cultural, economic and political freedom and indapende> ce. We believe that there is a real and lasting American value in men and women, living in,and citizens of this, our country. WPA (ILL) PRGJ. 302/0 - 3 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, fday 26, 1929. who respect and honor the memories of their ancesters and are jubilant over the successes of their kins, across the ocean , in every form of honorable human advancement. Highly respected and eminently useful American citizens are they, in whose bosom burns the candle of filial love and ¥*io cherish respected solicitude for the well-being of their children's children. V/e, therefore, your fellow American citizens deem it an exceptionally great privilege to congratulate you for the exceedingly high and honorable human qualities which you are publicly manifesting on the occasion of your happy celebration of the independence of the people and democratic Kingdom of Norway. On this happy occasion we recall with you the supreme test to which your ancestors were subjected, when against their will they and their country, Norway, were bartered from Denmark to Sweden, merely as a pawn in the international game then played in Europe. Denmark was an ally of Napoleon and Norway was compelled to pay the price. The Treaty of Kiel (January 1814) was forced upon the Norwegian people, and therein they were robbed of their right of self-determination, their liberty and independence. Against her will .Norway was ceded to Sweden. But your ancestors vigorously - 4 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, vlay 26, 1929. protested and so successfully resisted the unholy attempt to deprive them of their liberty and independence that on My 17, 1814, they elected a king of their own, adopted a liberal constitution, established a Norwegian Parliament and gave notice to the whole world that Norway thenceforth shall be a free and independent kingdom. But the God-given right of the people of Norway to liberty and independence was di8put64« A war followed betv/een Sweden and Norway. The liberty -loving people of Norway were victorious. The great Powers of Europe, however, intervened and Norway was forced against her will into an unnatural union v/ith Sweden. They never consented to the loss of their liberty and independence and on June 7, 1905 the Norwegian Parliament declared unanimously that the union with Sweden under one king has ceased • Ever since, Norway is free and independent. Vfliile we partake in your joy and unite with you in your celebration of the independence of Norway, our thoughts are naturally directed to unfortunate, A^'^Wianly ^mtilated and cruelly crucified Hungary, the land of our ancestors. For b'ne-thousand years past, Hungary was the rear guard of i^uropean Christian civilization. Time after time, the Hungarians fought, bled and died to protect Western Europe and her Christian civilization from the invasion of the East, - the Mongols and the Turks • History has given the Kunsarisin people the title ,**Def6ndex^ t.nd Protectors of Christianity ( WPKOLUf'KUJ.cU^/3 - 5 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, vlay 26, 1929. and Christian civilization.** Even in this age, the bells in the towers of Christian churchee toll each noon the message that on July 21, 1456, the Hungarians, led by John Hunyadi, delivered the final blow to the Turks and settled once and for all time to come the freedom of V/estern i^urope from Turkish invasion. Vie proudly recall that the Hungarians were always a liberty-loving people. Originally Hungary v/as an independent kingdom and she was the first country in continental Europe to have a constitution (1222), the English .iagna Charta preceding it Qnly by seven years. V/e are proud that it was in Hungary, for the first time in Europe: a law was enacted, which gave freedom of religion and liberty of conscience to all inhabitants of Hungary. The constant struggle of the Hungarian people against invasion weakened them and subsequently they fell under the control of the Hapsburg dynasty of Austria and there they remained against their will until after the termination of the World War^ At the out break of the World War, Hungary had no international v/ill of her own. Her will was subjected to that of the Hapsburg dynasty of Austria. In turn the Hapsburg dynasty ¥ras under the control of its Austrian, Czech, Polish and Slavic leaders. - 6 - WPAiltUPSOJ. 30275 hot:garian Otthon, May 26, 1929, It is now a matter of open historical knowledge that of all the European countries involved in the World War, Hungary was the only one that earnestly and vigorously opposed the provocation and outbreak of the World War. yet she was forced into it gmd was ordered to fight although she had no appreciable interest in the outcome of the World Weur. Yet, after the termination of the World V/ar, an unprecedentedly cruel punishnent was meted out to Hungary. In the Ti-eaty of Trianon more than two-thirds of her population were taken from her. The perfect territorial integrity and economic unity of Hungary were most cruelly violated; her commerce t.nd industry were ruined; her people - ten millions of them - with more than two«thirds of her territory were given over to foreign control of much less civilization. Her remaining eight million people were reduced to unheard of suffering and privationSt Cut off the head, amputate the arms and limbs of a human being, take out his lungs, cut the cord of his heart and then tell him to live - then you will have a correct conception of what was done to Hungary in the unholy Treaty of Trianon. As the result of the Treaty of Trianon, Hungary is slowlj'' bleeding to death. A great people, who have given so much to the world, v^ho have contributed so much to the advancement of civilization , have been condemed to slow starvation and eventual death. WPA (ILUFKUJ. 30275 - 7 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, lay 26, 1929. \iVhile you, our happy fellow American citizens of Norwegian descent, happily celebrate the . rebirth of Norway, we, American citizens of Hungarian descent, are earnestly pleading with civilized mankind for justice^ fair deal, and renewed life for Hungary," Long live free and independent Norway 1 Long live the Resurrection of Hun^^ary! I HUNGARIAN II B 2 d (1) III ii 2 Magyar Tribune , Jan. 4, 1929. Ill C III H PROCIAlvlA.TIOK TO THE PEOPLE OF lo/iGYAR-ALIERICA ''Magyars I ''We are speaking to all v/ho came from the land of the Magyars, and with the New Year's greetings we knock at each door: "Come all, and let us act! "There are many hundreds of thousands of us who have worked for the same causes for decades — for our spiritual country, llagyar-America, where the memory of our mother country is uppermost in our minds. "Our past, present, and future are our own, and our affairs also. We have only one calling and in it our numerous problems that have accumu- lated during the years. The situation is comparable to that of a family in the life of v/hich the hardships of years have left their mark, and to I C - 2 - I-IUNGARIM II B 2 d (1) III B 2 Magyar Tribune , Jan* 4, 1929. Ill C III H which the gate of the future has just been opened • "It is proper that we get together* It is proper and necessary. Our mother country is calling, and our own work summons us. V/e hear the voices of our fathers and our children every minute of the hour. The time has come for a final reckoning. "V/e are living and working — in mines and factories. We till the soil, we use the pen, we analyze our thoughts and feelings. We work with our hands, brains, and hearts in the thousands of H\ingarian organizations that we have created. And there is not one among us who does not know that our life is setting and that we must perform our work while we are alive. V/e must all act together in every way, because we can't lease our feelings and wishes to anyone, for we have had countless proofs that the lessees of our lives deliberately commercialized our most sacred causes* ''God, country, brother, mother, joy, sorrow, ideals, adoration, each I c - 3 - HUl^GARIM Magyar Tribune , Jan 4, 1929. II B E d (1) III B 2 III C III H heart throb, have all been shipwrecked because we allowed them to end in that way. Hundreds of banners v/aved at times in the service of a cause. Sometimes they were side by side and often one against the other. And v/e always contributed and we always suffered. "Magyars! This state of affairs cannot go on! We nvimber hundreds of thousands, and we must voice our v/ishes when anything happens to us, for us, or through us, Magyar-America is not an oligarchy, but a free land of the Magyars. It is a free ship manned by hundreds of thousands in an ocean of opportiinity. V/ho should steer it but v;e ourselves? ''In the future, we will not agree to any flag unfurling or mass move- ment until our people and all their organizations, as well as delegates from other Hiingarian settlements, shall meet for a conference and decide on a method of activity. We will also follow only the leader appointed at such joint conference. I C - 4 - HUI^^GAHIAN II B 2 d (1) III B 2 Lagyar Tribune , Jan. 4, 1929. Ill C III H **We who are speaking in the interests and in the name of the people of Magyar-America, v/ish to discuss our common problems and the creation of a perpetual Hungarian forum. For three days, beginning on March 15, the glorious Hiingarian memorial day, the Hungarians of Buffalo, New York will herald a national convention and call upon all Hungarian churches, societies, and other organizations, as well as newspapers, to send their delegates. At the same time, let it be known that any true Hungarian has a right to be present at this national convention. "It is not the curse of Trianon alone that weighs on our shoulders. Our v;ork program must be complete. It concerns our children's fate, the future of our societies, the problem of our orphans and the care of the old and infirm "Our aim is peace and work, and vie wish to take care of our problems independently of outside interests. The scope of our work requires a national conference. Magyars, come, let us act! 'I o- >\ I C - 5 - HUI-IGARIAII iTb 2 d (1) III B 2 Magyar Tribune , Jan. 4, 1929. Ill C III H "V/e are and remain our Hungarian brethren's true brothers. "In Magyar-Ainerica, December, 1928." Jk list of twenty-eight names of nev/spapers and their editors is appended^ We will comment on the foregoing proclamation in our next week's issue, and until then recommend its contents to our readers. I c in B 3 a (^ohe.Tdtn) IDITaiHIAN Otthon, Oct. 7, 1928. THE CHICAGO iRIBUriE'S JUBILEE ISSUE The Czechs, it must be admitted, knov/ all about the art of propaganda • The ^ best example is the European issue of the Chicaco Tribune in honor of the tenth 5 anniversary^ of the Czecho-Slovak Republic. >^ There v/as a Great exhibition in Brunne celebrating the anniversary. Of the man:'' ^ exhibits the most colorful v/as the Jubilee number of the C hicago Tribune . The g border of the paper wiis v/hite, blue, and red, and on the cover page the double- ^ tailed lion with the apostolic cross and the three moiinds on its chest appeared. g The contents of the paper -^re historical anodynes. V/e read aiuong other articles in this propaganda the follovrinc: '*A thousand years aco the noi^ad L.acyars v/edced themselves betv/een tv/o brother Slav nations. ... .*.ihen the Bolieiiian monarchy v/as defeated, the Slovaks fell under Knf^yc^v rule Under the Przemyslidas, the Czechs v/e re a defensive pillar for cr» Ill c - 2 - IIClia^IAI^ III B 3 a (Czech) Otthon, Oct, 7, 1928 • Christian culture. They vjei^e members of the Gerriian-Ronan kincdom and defended it against the barbarians of the East Vaclav II. ruled Kuncary too The Czech hincs became the victims of the jealousy of their Hungarian and German noinhbors, they v;ho allied themselves against the Czechs, and in 1306 ci. the Kapsburcs replaced the rulinc faiaily of Przemyslidas.'' r-; Froi: the religious standpoint, of course, they v.Tite against Catholicism and o praise their national religion: 'o^ "V/estern Christianity, founded by I'fc^cliff , had an understanding apostle, Jan Huss, vjho in 1415 died on the p^'re by the order of the Constantine Synod, be- coming zhe martyr of the Czech Chui-ch." The Donne at Kosice is called the fourteenth-century gen of Czecho-Sloval: Gothic curchitecture. Of Michael Munkacsi (great Hungarian painter) they v/rite: cr Ill C - 3 - HUlTd^J^mi^ III B 5 a (Czech) Otthon, Oct. 7, 1938. ♦•The i;iOst distinguished representative of Czecho-Slovak art, son of Llukacero, ^ Llicliael Llunkacsi, absorbed the love of political and intellectual freedon in ^ the Czecho-Slovalcian atiPiO sphere . " p m The contributors to this jubilee issue are llasaryk, Benes, Furlincer (Ambassador g at V/ashington) , Osusky (/onbassador at Paris), Arne Novak, i:sgr» Sraniek, Marshal ^- Foch, Ivlyron Ilerrick (American ambassador ; , and Lewis Einstein (American ex- ^ anbassador) . jji II A 3 b II A 3 c Magyar Tribxine , Sept. 28, 1928. III A HUlTG^^iRIAN ;u^TISTS HIDE KJHIl© THiH LiODiCHN SOCIAL BARRICADE by Arthur D. Lliko The problem of the Chicago Himgarian artists cannot be solved by one or two individuals. It concerns all those who are today groping in a strange intellectual sphere with their fantastic ideas. There are artists who are equal to the task of developing Hungarian culture, but they emerge from under the cloak of individualism only when their interests or material gains are concerned. All men are not alike, but I must admit that it hurts my feelings to see ^fthat while our artists remain aloof, othe^ artists who have come from other countries become accustomed to American ways and are respected by their own people as well as by the Americans. ,--. — I C - 2 - HUNGi^IAI'J II A 3 b II A 3 c Magyar Tribune > Sept. 28, 1928» III A These artists are natives of Russia, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Sweden, and Jugoslavia^ But where are the Hungarian artists? I see the ruined remnants of Hungarian artistrj'' behind the barricade. •••• I view with horror the Hungarians around me who submissively suffer indig- nities at the hands of inferior artists. We must defend our standards, because we are not at such a low level that we can be disparaged publicly..... Let us not allow Hungarian false pride to dog our footsteps. It is too bad that we meet some artists in American cultural circles who admit their nationality only because it serves their interests. V/e, too, could deny our Hungarian birth with the help of a thorough knowledge of the American language, but it is our duty to be true to o\ir mother country and at the same time endeavor to make a favorable impression on Americans. / J I I c HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Sept. 28, 1928. FROM THE POLITICAL ARENA To Every Hungarian- American Citizen The greatest and most important right that America can give its citizens is the right to vote. Every citizen can have a hand in the selection of officials, even the highest, the President of the United States. On the day of elections all differences of race, creed, and class are put aside. All citizens — ^men and women, native or naturalized, rich or poor- are alike. Each has only one vote. Each has the same right as any other fellow-citizen. It isn't only the right but the duty of every citizen to use this price- less privilege. What would be the use of one's having the right to vote in this the world's most powerful Republic, if one would refuse to make use of it? I C - 2 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Trlbiine , Sept. 28, 1928. Hungarian-American citizens should not forget that they cannot vote with- out registering first. The day of registration in Chicago is Saturday. Uierefore, all must register so that they can vote on election day. "V^ ^ I c HUNGARIAN :»iagyar Tribune , Sept. 14, 1928, TEiS ESLIGIOliS QUESTION IN POLITICS (Editorial by Jpr. ErnoTLov/inger ) A Roman Catholic bishop instructed the priests under his supervision to preach the gospel of Christ, to vvork in behalf of the spiritual interests of their parishioners, but to leave politics to politicians. It vjould be T^orthv.hile to publish this bishop's letter, because it is not only an interesting church document, but the advice contained therein should be heeded by the Hungarians also. Individuals who lean toward the radical in Hungarian politics are unaccountably on the side of reactionary politicians here in x^nerica. Horthyists, Habsburgists, and follo\^ers of Karolyi and Kossuth — even socialists — are in one camp. They etre all good American Republicans. /o' vPV I G - 2 - HDNGARLiN : Magyar Tribune , ^ept« 14, 1928 • This is a typical Araeri can -Hungarian political chop suey. It is difficult to be too consequential in politics, for politics is an elastic thing. Usually the character of a politician wavei^ and it isn't always that he understands the deeper ..leaning of politics. The Catholic Church has learnea its lesson from the mistaKes of others. It has realized that \vhere Catholics c.re in the minority, as in America, it should not interfere in politics. This attitude insures it peace of r.iind. If a Protestant is elected instead of a Catholic, no reproach, suspicion, revenge, or harm can come to the Church from the victor The present battle for the Presidential election has brought to light much dirt, and it is not surprising that the religions of the noiainees are being given a public airing There should be other reasons besides religion for the voter to decide Vwiio^ I C - 3 - HlBGA ELiK' :;lagyar Tribune , Sept 14, 1928. Vtfill make a better President — Hoover or Smith. According to our opinion, no one should vote for Hoover just because he is a Protestant or for Smith just because he is a devout Catholic. We v.'ould be belittling ourselves if, in 1928, in the v.orld*s most democratic country, v;e would aecide this question of who v ill be our President for the next four years with such medieval stupidity. HDNGARIAJJ I C III H I F 6 Magyar Tribune , Axig. 17, 1928 THS CANCIR IN OUR PUBLIC LIFii) (Editorial) As we were trying to figure out a way to make American-Htmgarian newspapermen and public officials see both sides of a question, a copy of the Pesti Naplo (Budapest Diary) came to our attention. In this July 22 issue of the Pesti Naplo we read an article by Emil Nagy, former Minister of Justice and one of the best writers in Hungary today Anyone reading Emil Nagy's article will discover that his remarks fit the situa- tion in Magyar-America* Here, too, any topic of public interest becomes a per- sonal controversy, and ulterior motives are suspected. We recommend this article to all Hungarian-Americans — the public at large as well as newspaper editors and public officials. ♦^If one is in public office in I C - 2 - HDNG/iRIAN ' III H I F 6 Magyar Trlb\xne > Aug. 17, 1928. Hxingary, one meets with a lack of public confidence on every hand that cannot be remedied by either the government or by legislation. This lack of confidence, with exceptions, manifests itself in a distrust for public officials. For most people it is inconceivable that a public official can act for other than his own selfish interests. They always look for an official's ulterior motive, and even when no motive is apparent, they won't give up the idea that there is one. This lack of confidence in our public officials is the cancer of Hungarian public life. There are idealists who would work for the good of our people unselfishly, but this lack of confidence scares them away. As a result only those officials ren^in in the political arena who only entered public life for material gain I c HUNGiiRIAN III B 2 III H Magsrar Tribune > June 1, 1928, ilBOUT TEE V/OHLD'S FAIR (Editorial) The World's Fair that will be held in Chicago in 1935 is arousing the interest of certain groups to a great degree* Even the Hungarians have announced their intention of officially participating in it« It is a good thing that all national groups are so anxious to do their share in this great enterprise, be- cause it is to our mutual advantage. Chicago is our home, and the significance of the V/orld*s Fair is appreciated by the residents as well as by the city* We wish to advise the Chicago Hungarian participants that they should not over- estimate their ability as they have done in the past. The manufacturing, commercial and cultural attainments of Hungary can best be exhibited by the Hungarian government* It has, no doubt, already made an appropriation for this purpose, and since this will be quite an important H\ingarian undertaking, the Hungarian government will send its own representatives over here to arrange its exhibit. I C -2- \^ "•••'•>/ HUNOaRIAN III B 2 III E Magyar Tribune > June 1, 1928. Chicago Hungarians are an integral part of the population of this city. They can show what they have produced and hov; far they have progressed in the last century • The manner in which we will shov/ our accomplishments will be the task of the Hungarian committee to discover. We do not believe that we should promise, either in the American press or elsewhere, great or impossible things and in the end exhibit a srioky Csarda (inn or tavern), with a few gypsies and a few Hungarian-costumed couples dancing the Csardas, as representative of the accomplishments of Chicago Hungarians. In all probability, as was done at other fairs, a day will be assigned to each national group. To prepare for this one day is the most important duty of the Chicago Hxingarian group. V/e offer a modest suggestion to the Hiingarian commit- tee. Hungarian music and song would be the most effective contribution of our group. Five years is ample time to train a good chorus and a Hungarian symphony orchestra..... As this great movement is neither political nor religious, let us add that everyone should be asked to take part. All the churches, political, social, I c III B 2 III H - 3 - Magyar Tribxme, June 1, 1928« HUITGARIAN A w.r.a '- \ \ -;. ^^i. O / cultural, and sick benefit organizations should unite in an effort to produce something worthwhile. • • • • I C HUNGARIAN III A I F 4 Magyar Tribune, Apr* 13, 1928. THE A B C OF AMERICAIT POLITICS by Lowinger (Editorial) The most important duty in the educators of American Hungarians is to in- terest them in American politics. We will illustrate the difficulties that have to be overcome in this struggle for education with an old experience. As is generally known, the battle is between two major political parties, the Republican and Democratic parties. That most Hungarians and other foreigners — even natives — do not know the basic difference between these two parties is not the greatest misfortune. In local and state elections it is usually the minority against the majority, the criticism of those in power by the opposition. One thing is certain, however, and that is that one individual cannot I C - 2 - HDNGARIAN III A I F 4 Magyar Tribune , Apr. 13, 1928. /" "> belong to both parties at the same time. This fact is diff icixlt for some Hungarian politicians to understand. They like to appear as nonpartisans, or they conceal their political affiliations. Both are considered bad politics in America. Sincerity is always better and more likely to in- spire confidence. V/e were eyewitnesses in the case of one of our countrymen with political aspirations, who openly pledged himself to the interests of the Democratic party. This person was at the same time visited by a Republican campaign manager, and o\ir compatriot signed his name without hesitation, pledging his support to the Republicans* Is this double-dealing ignorance or political immaturity? Whatever it is, it is not the correct procedure in trying to gain a foot- hold in American politics. We don't mean to convey the idea that the foregoing example is a typical Hungarian trait; the illustration, however, depicts the wavering character I C - 3 - HOMGARIAN III A I F 4 Magyar Tribime . Apr. 13, 1928. /.; ~^N, / ■' ^^ \ of a beginner and we can find such individuals among any other national \o ^''•" a| group. Undoubtedly, these faults of character could be corrected through ^'^p education • There are some people who are inconstant to their religion, their creeds and their convictions for commercial reasons. They change their beliefs seasonally. Such people are found anywhere and they cannot be taught constancy in American politics. The majority of Hungarians, however, must learn that they should choose the party whose platform coincides with their ideas and interests; and once their selection is made, they should adhere to their choice. This is the honorable political method in America, advocated by the leaders of both great political parties. Both parties are fond of the voters, but neither party has any use for the citizen, who is changeable In America, anyone may voice his opinion That personal enmity should result from political differences is a sign of political immaturity. I C - 4 - HUNGARIAN III A I F 4 Magyar Tribiine, Apr, 13, 1928. \ J Usually it occurs among primitive people who have not learned to control ' 7. ''^'^' -^^'l their impulses and who have no self control..... Vt^ ^^^ Some of us become angry at our compatriots because they are socialists or communists In the middle ages when the reformers' great struggle rocked the foundations of the Roman Catholic Church, bloody battles were fought. Today Catholics and Protestants live side by side in peace V/e Hungarians are quite temperamental and explosive. Our primitive, oppressed life as tillers of the soil for h\indreds of years is the reason for the volatile nature of our Hungarian people. In America we live on a different schedule. Let us accept America as our adopted co\intry, not only theoretically, but by acquiring its ways, its thinking and its procedures. Let us be as calm and analytical in poli- tical debate as the better class of native Americans are. Let us not allow our private lives to be disturbed by political differences. Let I C - 5 - IIUNQARIAIT III A I F 4 Magyar Tribxine , Apr. 13, 1928. us be faithful to our beliefs, consistent and honest in our political activities, but at the same time, let us be tolerant toward our political opponents. . ^, I c HUNGARIAN III H II A 3 d (1) Magyar Tribune , Nov. 4, 1927. II B 2 d (1) CHICAaO HUNGARIAN LELES (Editorial) V/e have received many letters from our readers, commenting unfavorably on the article, which appeared in Jeno Endrey's little newspaper on October 15. At first we intended to ignore this article of reactionary propaganda in view of its unimportant origin. But it seems that the seeds we have sown nine years ago among Chicago Hungarians have grown to greater proportions than we realized. The slightest malicious reactionary Hungarian propaganda stirs thousands of Chicago Hungarians to action against the spreaders. It is needless to say that we are happy in the knowledge that there are ? 7^ '^.I'V-, ^ I C - 2 - HOTTGARIAN III H II A 3 d (1) Magyar Tribune , Nov. 4, 1927, II B 2 d (1) others among the Hungarians of Chicago, besides us, who follow events attentively. Therefore, it is not an easy matter to contaminate their souls. The writer of the article, whose name has not been made public, although everybody knows his identity, is not a responsible individual, and for that reason we do not think it worth while to refute certain details. We would not believe him on oath, let alone give credence to his views and ^.^ ^ opinion. - "^\ It would be different if we were confronted by a v/orthy opponent* V!^ ^'' a/ V .;^ Not wishing to make the same mistakes as the ** awakened" Hungarians, we will consider Jeno Endrey, actor and theatrical director, separately from Endrey, the left-handed editor. I C - 3 - miNGARIAM III II II A 3 d (1) Varj^T Tribune , Nov. 4, 1927. II B 2 d (1) The artist nay be excellent as an artist, even^ thoufrh his political views nay be in error, his reli^^ion not in order /Translator's note: — VJhen one*s religion is Jov/ish, the IIunp:arians say it is not in order/, his character v;averin^:-, and his word unreliable, Jeno Endrey, as actor and director, is sympathetic, energetic, talented, and full of anbioion. lie deserves our sup^^ort, because in these adverse tines he is doinr his best, V/e hope that the Ilunf^arians of Chicar-o will be able to differentiate the actor fron the editor. It is even no re inportant to do uhis now, because there will be keen conDetition in the theatrical field this seo^OTi. V/e hoDe that the conpetitive spirit will bring better pro'iuctions by all the ccnpanies and ,.• — ^^--^>^ won't take the form of belittling and -oolltical v/ran^linr. /v^^ .A * - > Uj r * <-* 1 I c - 4 - HUNGARIAIJ Magyar Tribune, Nov, 4, 1927. Ill H II A 3 d (1) II -B 2 d (1) It should be borne in mind that we do not support the Hungarian theaters because the actors must eat, but because they amuse, educate, and keep alive Hungarian culture* As long as the theater is free of political partisanship, it is needless and perhaps destructive to air the political views of the audience in connection v/ith it. We must all admit that while the majority of Chicago Hungarians are against reactionary politics, there are some conservative, impartial Hungarians. It is wisest, therefore, to separate the Hungarian theater, the home of culture, from politics. We hope that the actors, too, v;ill abstain from discussions. Our readers may rest assured that we are true to our convictions, • T * * ■. ... ^^ , ^ ^-- / Ill H II A 3 d (1) II 3 2 d (1) I C - 5 - KUMGARL\N liagyar Tribxine , Nov. 4, 1927 • V/e are not hesitating, bargaining, or retreating. From time to time we may change our tactics, methods, or means, but our aim is unchangeable. We strive to give support to the weak, fight for the rights of the Hungarians of Chicago, attack reactionary movements, and bring about the progress and enlighterinent of our countrymen. I c I A 3 liUT'aAr^iAi^ i:acyar Tribune , Oct. 7, 1927. "by Lov/ifjf'er (riditcrial) The storv of Chicaro ITunr^ari ans -las found a place in Ar.erican literature, I^dna Ferber, a very po;;ula_r /cr.eric'm author, has chosen o fev; interesting- IIunr:arianf: as c:iaracters> ^in her storiesT". A nev7 booh v/as published this season by this author, the title of v'hich is ! 'other hnov;s "3oct , In this book of sliort stories, the rtor^r entitled "Consider the Lilies" deals with trie IIun^arians of Chicaro. She selects her characters fro.'^i t!>o neirfiborhood of Clybourn Avenue, Halsted Street, and I.orth /^venue. Later, she r.oves then to T^urnside. action in the stor:^ is slight, becnuse "Jdna 7erber is not corcernod \;?. Tlie I c I A 3 - 2 - KUNGA.HIM Llagyar Tribune, Oct, 7, 1927. dramatic moments, but captivates her readers, the American public, with her colorful, spontaneous style. Her short story contains a few episodes that are typically Hungarian, They are net very thrilling, but neither is the life of Hungarians in Chicago. We were interested primarily in the personalities and circumstances of our entry into the realm of American literature. And these were dealt with fojrly honestly. The truth, even though it is unpleasant to hear, is palataclt; uecau^ic; it is the truth. V/e know v/ell that the Hunc^arians of Chicago dance and make merry on the corner of Halsted Street and North Avenue, and this is v/here the Hungarian girl of gypsy blood and "Antal Seook," the leading characters of the story, get acquainted. This is not the phantasy of the author. Edna Ferber writes the truth. The main social event of the Chicago Hungarians is usually a dance in seasonV^L^.- 7e are aware of this and so are the Americans. In i^udapest, we can brag I C - 3 - IiU.'GARIAI^ I A 3 Magyar Tribune, Oct. 7, 1927. about our cultural superiority, much to the disgust of the Balkan nations, because there is sufficient ground for it. But here in Chicago v/e cannot boast, Decause without the support of famous names from across the ocean such boasting sounds fantastic. .... Those Hungarians who are members of church or other organized social groups should find a solution for the cultural needs of our countrymen. Naturally there are doubting Thomases who say that the majority of the Hungarians in America have no cultural needs. If there is any basis to this serious accusation, the responsibility rests, not v/ith the poor, un- educated workers, but with those who call themselves the leaders of American- Hungarians. .... These educated Hungarians, who, through schooling, have outgrown the general run of our compatriots, are the ones who should start an educational campaign. IJ3 - 4 - HUNGARIAN I A 3 Magyar Tribune , Oct. 7, 19S7. The tragedy of the American-Hungarians is that the masses are at a low intellectual level. It is futile to say at this date that the feudal system of Hungary is responsible for this condition. At best this will ease our consciences only temporarily. There is only one way to correct matters. V/e have to lift them /the Hungarian-Americans/ out of the mire of ignorance with the implements of education. The cultured Hungarians must not continue in the false idea of feudal coun- tries that knov/ledge is sinful. There should be a general movement in our public life to educate our am- bitious but ignorant brethren. If this will be done, then Edna Ferber and other American authors will not write of the barren spiritual life, of auto rides and dancing, when they wish to portray the lives of Chicago Hungarians to their readers. \V.P.A. I C (Italian) Liagyar Tribune, July 22, 1927. AM^'A ROSELLE—AiraA GYEi.GE Chicago Hungarians recently proved that they are progressing rapidly on the road to cultural achievement. A nation^s cultural standards are measured by their love of good literature and appreciation of art. We v/ould have to write another chapter about the enthusiasm of our American-Hungarians for literature, but we wish to write today about art, to be more explicit, mu- sical art. There are two nations on this earth who cannot live without wine and song. One is the Italian and the other the Hungarian. It is wonderful the way immi- grant Italians love art. If one of their number has unusual ability, they try to raise him to the highest level. Let us just recall the case of Valentino, who started out aj a parquet dancer. When his first motion picture v^s released, the Italians crowded the theaters, day after day, wherever it was shov/n / ::■■ ' The majority of the audiences at the Chicago Grand Opera performances are \ ' 1" 1-. ^ ^ I C - 2 - IIUIIGARIAIT I C (Italian) Magyar Tribune , July 22, 1927. Italians, hence, with few exceptions, the performers, as well as the of- ferings, are also Italian. Undeniably, our Hungarians are increasingly getting to be interested in opera and classical music. Not many of our countrymen have attained world fame on the operatic stage; in fact, we know of only one, Ethel Gerster, who was famous thirty years ago. Only a few years ago, Anna Gyenge, whose stage name is Anna Roselle, made a meteoric appearance on the stage of the famous Metropolitan Opera House of New York At the present time, Anna Roselle is appearing in many faiuous operatic roles at the Ravinia Park Opera i C - 3 - HUITGA.RIAIM I C (Italian) Magyar Tribune, July 22, 1927. Chicago Hungarians! • • • • Let us show our appreciation of our great artist by attending these performances, Anna Roselle has brought fame to the Hungarians. She is our own, the proud possession of Araerican Hungarians. I c inniaAi^jM Llagyar Tribune, July 15, 1927. OUR SETS by Oeor.ge Lihok The Hungarians have ,^ood traits, but they also have faults. One of our mistakes is that v/hen v/e i.ieet individuals, \vho are seen only occasionally at Hungarian gatherings, v/e are taken in by their honeyed words. lie notice this fact especially when one of our organizations plans a partic- ularly important affair or v/ants to create something noble. Our *%gentry" always ferret out these bits of news and endeavor to induce a few officers of the society, by honeyed v/ords or empty r)romises, to befriend them. The saddest part is that some of these officers can be deluded, and then realize too late that all is not gold that glitters, because the "gentry" are selfish and do not consider the welfare of any organization as more important than their own objectives. When it happens that an officer or a committee mem- ber dares to disclose this fact, these "gentry" do all in their power to silence him by calling him ignorant and disorderly. C ' ^A 7 I G - 2 - HUNGi'iRIA N Magyar Tribune , July 15, 1927. But often these so-called ignorant persons are the ones v/ho would save the society excessive expenditures and also preserve the reputation of the Hungarians. In the course of sone tv/enty-five or thirty ireG^vs^ methods of conducting the business of societies have changed considerably. Today there are trained and educated men in every Hungarian organization who have had business experience and vj.iose ability and integrity are knovm to the Hungarians. It is evident, therefore, that there is no need for the obtrusive "gentry" in the life of any Hungarian society. My advice is that these persons should be forbidden to attend meetings. y \ I c III H III G Ma ffl-ar Tribune . July 1, 1927. HJUGARIxiN A LESSON Hi NnTION.-iL LIBiiL By Lowinger \- I ., > (Editorial) v.„ y The Debrecen court fined a woman, who had recently returned to Hungary, one hundred and sixteen pengoes for libelous remarks against the nation. The woman bought a threshing machine and hired out to a neighboring farm» The police would not allow threshing in the willage. Forgetting herself, the woman said **Such an outrage can happen only in Hungary.** In our opinion, "nation'* has a holier, more solemn meaning, and we believe that an impulsive, unconsidered remark does not constitute libel against a nation. Aside from th3 fact that we know that our readers are interested in what 2 I C III H III G Magyar Tribone . July 1, 1927 HUl^GiffilM is going on in Hungary and that therefore, it is our duty to satisfy their curiosity, we are fulfilling a mission when we present a true picture, from time to time, of our changed, unfortunate mother country. Let this little episode serve as a lesson to those of our brethren who have not yet been able to become accustomed to American ways, and who are con- tinually criticizing, and finding fault with, everything here, America is not the ideal home of liberty either. Probably there is no such thing. And even though he ^he Hungarian immigrair^does not have a palatial home, a cool summer garden where he can enjoy fine Pilsen beers with gypsy music, or distinguished friends with whom to play cards in the casino (which is probably the reason he came to America), it is better to ,<- ^ ^ be here. A Let us admit that in the Hungary of tod'r:.y, in addition to the ten thousand' I c - 3 - :iui-TG.^i^j III H III G Magyar Tribune . July 1, 1927 families ;vho live on the fat of the land, there are jaillions of workers who would be only too glad to cross the borders* If anyone in Hungary would criticize that country as freely as the irrimigrant airs his views in America, then the whole population would be comoosed of prisoners and guards. It would be well if we were to give thanks to God for delivering us from such an autocratic government, ana if we were to looK gratefully upon The Star-Spangled Banner even while the noise of the firecr^ckdrs annoys our ears and cmtrages our sensibilities. I c HTOTaARIAI^^ II D 1 IV Magyar Tribune , June 24, 1927. ANSVrjSRING THE IIUNaARIAN BUSIN^SSIIAN by Ignac Izsak In last v;eek's Magyar Tribune , a Hungarian businessman objected to the speech I made in connection with the Burnside ITagyar Home. The objecting businessman is far from the truth in his conclusions. If he remembers my talk, he should know that I did not condemn all Hungarian businessmen, but only those who have become wealthy through Hungarian patronage. • . • . The fact is that most of the Hungarian bankers, realtors, owners of travel agencies, and other businessmen relied on Hungarian patronage in the be- ginning .... that later on, after they were securely established, they did acquire other customers does not alter that fact. I G - 2 - HUNG-ARIAI^T II D 1 IV Magyar Tribune , June 24, 1927. I repeat that whenever there is occasion to supoort a public cause, those who have gotten rich by the sweat of Hungarian v/orkers* brows should be the first and heaviest contributors. I find it peculiar that we should always insist upon contributions fron the working class, but when praise or honor is bestowed, the wealthy individuals believe that they should be first in line. The objector is mistaken when he places the blaine for the failure of the North Side Magyar Ilome plans on me. I did not participate in the work because I saw that it was being carried out impractically. The officers of the United Societies decided to raise the money through collections, I told them at the meeting txhat the maximum arrxount that could be raised in six months in tliis way would be approximately five or six hundred dollars. My prophecy was fulfilled Any Hungarian is willing to give one or two dollars to assist orphans and v/idows, but if he is asked to invest fifty or a hundred dollars, he is entitled to get a clear K: - / I C - 3 - HUNGARIAN II D 1 IV Magyar Tribune , June 24, 1927 • picture of /the plan for/its repayment. The objector is mistaken v/hen lie says t.iat because the Bond Company took over the bonds, the responsibility of the Hungarians is over. The Bond Company has taken over the bond issue, not in order to hold it, but to sell it. If the Hungarians do not buy up the bonds, the Virgin Mary Society v/ill have built the Magyar Home in vain, because it will not belong to the Hungarians, but to whoever buys the controlling shares. It is our duty to enlighten the Hungarians regarding this situation, because many of them are ignorant of the real facts. These bonds may be pur- chased on the installment plan, which makes it possible for the Hungarians in modest financial circumstances to become owners of the bonds of the Magyar Home. It is true that a few Hungarian businessmen of Burnside demonstrated their /^^ I C - 4 - HDNaARIAI^ II D 1 IV Magyar Tribune . June 24, 1927. devotion to their countrymen ^by contributing to the Home/, but in the end we have to admit that our Ameri^can friends shov;ed more good will and appreciation Jot the situation/than many of our countrymen. 1 V. HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , June 17, 1927 • ABOUT HUNG/iRIAN BUSINESSfvaW by A Business Man V/ho Was Present The Hungarians of Chicago have had an opportunity to lend their support to dramatic art since Jeno Endrey founded the Permanent Hiingarian Theater. I believe that the Hungarian businessmen of Chicago have contributed their share in an effort to maintain this theater on a permanent basis. However, we find it unpleasant when, on ev^ry occasion, Mr. Ignac Izsak delivers a lecture about /i.e. criticizing/the businessmen. He has no reason to do this. Chicago* s Hungarian businessmen have always done their duty in public affairs. It is not their fault that plans for a Magyar Home have failed. The Magyar Home of Bvirnside was not built by business- men, but by the thousands of !'^embers of the Virgin llary Society. If there were such a group on the North Side, we too '.vould probably have a Magyar Home, but here each organization segregates itself end there is no I c II D 1 IV co-operation. - 2 - liUNaARL^I Magyar Tribune , June 17, 1927 There are no Hungarian businessmen on the North Side who make a living from Hungarians only. If they have Hungarian customers, they give one hundred cents value for every dollar spent. Those v/ho deal only with H\ingarians can afford to contribute much more toward such a cause, be- cause for them it is an investment that will draw interest eventually. I believe that if all the Hungarian businessmen were to turn over to the fund all the profits made from transactions with Hungarian customers, they still v/ould not have enough money to build a Magyar Home. V/hen the societies on the North Side did want to raise money for a Magyar Home, then was the time for Mr. Izsak to make speeches and boost this proposed undertaking. But at that time, Mr. Izsak v/as not enthusiastic. Now that the building and financing of one Magyar Home has been successful, Mr. Izsak wants another one and is prompting the Hungarians ^to act/and accusing the businessmen. I C - 3 - IIUNGARIAIT II D 1 IV Magyar Tribune , June 17, 1927. v/e are all v/illing to listen to Mr* Izsak*s speeches about Hungarian poli- tics, because anyone may have political views, but many of the Hungarian businessmen object to being made the butt of his recriminations. In the event that the societies on the North Side vail agree on their desire to build a Magyar Home, Mr. Izsak may rest assured that v;e Hungarian business- men will not shirk our duty. In the meanwhile, we ask Mr. Izsak not to try to cause dissension betv/een the businessmen and the people, but to use his efforts to unite all classes, so that we may all work together for the same end. I c irui^^iiaT II D 10 III H llagyar Tribune > Liar. 25, 19£7. II C I C (Jev/ish) •^ffiAK2!•:E:G EIE^IGARIAI>I3»^ by Ignacio Izsak (jlditorial) There is not one impr^judiced P^ungarian who would not admit that nothing v:as so detrimental to crippled Hungary as the '*av/ai<:ening Hungarians ^? Tiiis organization is composed mostly of individuals v;ho never liked to malce an honest living;, but preferred the methods of extortion, robbery and murder through v/hich their base passions v/ere served. Since the /time of the/" armistice vie always voiced our opinion that Horthy v/as responsible for the sins of the '*av7akening Hungarians^,. He took advantage of the help that immature yoimgsters could give him in I c II D 10 III E II C I C (Jewish) - 2 - KUKOARLJ^ Ivla^ar Tribime , Liar. 25, 1927* his aim to become regent, and then did not keep his promises to them* These duped army officers organized "divisions** not controlled by the government • These divisions created a reign of terror • • • • • Horthy dared to do nothing against them and in many cases provided them v;ith letters of amnesty beforehand* Eajry of these disappointed persons came to iiinerica, and v/ith a viev/ to a more carefree existence, began to re-enact their original roles as **av7aken« ing Hungarians'*. • • • • Chicago received its share of these '^av/airening Hungarians**, who badly wanted to axvaken our Chicago Hungarians. But they overreached themselves because our Hungarians are too sane to be influenced by such humbug* I C - 3 - EUTiaARL^^T II D 10 III H Magyar Tribune , Mar. 25, 1927 • II C I C (Jevash) But because they wanted to '♦awaken,** by any and all means, they found no better subject than those of us who didn^t agree that Korthy v;as the nev; Messiah. They sent the most incredible re- ports to the "black cabinet" in Budapest. This would have been in order thus far — but These gentlemen had a great and daring thought. They arranged a Llarch celebration, not for the benefit of the fund for the statue of Kossuth, but for the more inspiring cause of aiding the widows and orphans. They had every right to do this, but they certainly didn^t have the right to send invitations to the Jews because we have heard that they do not welcome Jewish visitors in their Club and especially do not tolerate them as members. I C - 4 - EIRJGAHLAH II D 10 III H Llagyar Tribune. Mar. 25, 1927. II C I C (Jev;ish) They had even less right to send us an invitationl {'^ WPi. f^' They had only one excuse, and that was that they v;ere afraid that their follovrers wouldn*t appear in great enough numbers, so it would be better to be on the safe side by inviting the Jews« Their calculation was correct I According to an unbiased report, thirty-five to forty per cent of those present were Jewish which proves that the Jews will attend functions con- ducted by the oppressors if they knov; that it is for the benefit of man- kind, -Awakening Hungarians J By inviting us, you have tacitly acknov/ledged that we are not despoilers of nations and trouble makers and that what we said I C - 5 - ETJEGARL^ II D 10 III H Magyar Tribune, liar. 25, 1927. II C . I C (Jewish) about the terror of the "awakening** era was true. If you have awakened to this truth and feel it sincerely, then we have to admit the mystic pov/er of the Ides of Marchl I c HUl^GiiRIAN III G I L Magyar Tribune , Aug. 6, 1926. THE FARM MOVElffiNT (Editorial) The United States is one of the leading agricultural countries in the world. So it is only natural that tillers of the soil of :-]urope should be attracted here. The majority of Hungarian iiniiii£:rants who came to this country were either people who owned farms or people who were employed on then, so one would think that it would be. only natural for these people to seek employment in the field of agriculture. This is not so. The majority of these immigrants settled in the industrial centers of the United States. Immigration from Hungary is practically at a standstill^ so vje can*t urge immigrants to talce to the soil. I c III G I L - 2 - l^agyar Tribune > Aug. 6, 1925 HUI^'Gr*KIM But we vjill endeavor to convince those Hungarians v^o have been in the United States Tor soiae time to take a part of their savings and invest it in a farm of some kind. The opportunities on a farm are limitless. ?or instance the sugar beet farmers of i^ichigan collected 13,500,000 'from this one product alone. There are a fev; Hungarians who have seen this opportunity and are taking advantage of it. Hungarian readers, our advice is that you should invest your money in the soil, for the tillers of the soil become financially independent, and while they work hard, tliey v.or^c for themselves and their families; they do not take orders from some capitalist who drives his workers to the limit so that his profits will be larger. Hungarians, we hope you have heard this piece of advice. I c HUNGARIAN II A 3 d (1) III B 2 Magyar Tribune > July 50, 1926 • II C IV '.7S MUST DESTROY OUR iiilGMES (Editorial) During the course of the farewell banquet sponsored by the Chicago Hungarian branch of the ^-rotected Home Circle organization, in honor of Bernard Henrik, many important speeches were made, some of v;hich referred to the social life of the Chicago Hungarians who reside on the South Side* The social life of the Hungarians of the South Side has reached a new mile- stone in its life and this fact cannot be denied b-' anyone* The Hungarians have awakened, and noxv are taking steps to accomplish things on a large scale* As we said in a foregoing paragraph, there were many important and educational talks given, but a speech which was delivered by Kalman Balogh gave a perfect picture of what has ha-Dpened among the Hungarians of the South Side, /shcmiTig/^T- how their r^ituf^tion has been improved* /.,^ '> '.."• V I c - 2 - HUNGARIAl^T Magyar Tribune > July 30, 1926. II A 3 d (1) III B 2 II C IT He said that he can see where religious hatreds have been dropped and the Hungarian population is again working together in their social activities in order that their real culture might be recognized by other national groups* A more courageous speech than the one given by Balogh could not have been given by any other person who attended the banquet. He also said, '^The Hungarian people have tried to act many times, but somehow or other always got entangled with an enemy. This enemy constantly tried to tear us apart and for this reason we could not go forward in our activities.** We must admit that our brother Balogh is right in the above statement. We all know that there are certain people among us who take great pleasure in tearing down those ideas which were conceived by people who have sacrificed I C - 3 - HUITq'LRIAN II A 5 d (1) III 3 2 Lla^yar Tribune, July 30, 1926. II C IV a great deal of time and energy. The Hungarian people must get rid of these enemies, and v/e feel sure that they have started to get rid of them. '1e feel that the speech delivered by Balogh has aroused the feelings of the Hungarian people, and from now on evory step they take, will be one th t is forv/ard and not backT/>7ard# At the present time the co-operation of the Chicago Hungarians is needed. It is now that they must shoxv hov; they feel towards Hungarian social life r.nd Hungarian culture. At the present time the Chicago Hungarians have two very important culturally "-•*'-^. ^/ activities developing. One is the Hungarian Home vjhich is being built on thVf'c/ V South Side, and the other ir. the Hungarian Peoples Theatre. Both of these glorify the Hung?*rian name and Hungarian culture. *Ve must give I c - 4 - HL'NGARIAN Magyar Tribune, July 30, 1926. II A 5 d (1) III B 2 II C IV the Virgin Mary Society due credit for the conception of the Hungarian Home project. The credit for establishing a permanent Hungarian Theatre in Chicago must go to Eugene Endrey. Both of these cultural organizations depend upon the support extended to them by the Chicago Hungarians. By aiding and supporting the theatre we are helping o\irselves because we all know that the human being needs recreation, and through this type of recreation one gains culture. The situation in regards to the Hungarian Home is that this Home will be built regardless of whether for notj it receives the support of other Hungarian societies. The building of the Hungarian Home will bring about the recognition of the f'^\,,^, "ox I C - 5 - PIUI^IaARI/lIT II A 3 d (1) III B 2 Magyar Tribune, July 30, 1925. II C IV Hungarian people in the cultural vjorld, and the other national groups will recop:nize us as a culturally developed nationality. If the Hungarian Home is not supported, then vje can say that there is a lack of co-operation, and our people of Chicago still have religious hatreds in their henrts. The realization of this Hone means a permanent monument to H ungarian culture, and this is the most important /thing/. If we v;ant co-operation v/e murt not think about who is the originator of this idea, nor must v:e oppose the name that will be given this Home — the only thing v/e must consider is that it will be a Hungarian institution. We are all Hungarians, and as long as ;ve are Hungarians v;e must do things that will benefit the Hungarian people as a whole • V/e must get rid of our enemies, and our enemies are those people who have I'^ivOji ^ religious hatreds in their hearts or people who are willing to work only when*^^ '^ •^*?' they can see profit in their vjork for themselves. I C - 6 - HUTTGARIAN II A 3 d (1) III B 2 Mapyar Tribune > July 30, 1925. II G IV These people are selfish and the Hungarian people as a whole do not want them. It is very important that the Hungarian people co-operate in order that both the Hungarian Peoples Theatre and the Hungarian Home may be successful cultural developments in the lives of the Hungarian people of Chicagg, If both these projects are successful, they will bring us closer together in our social activities, we will learn to love each other, thereby assuring the develo^iment of a strong Hungarian spirit which will enc^ble us to fight off those enemies which have ke-ot us doxvn. ^le must not forget that these cultural movements are for the benefit of ench and everr Hungarian person living in Chicago and the vicinity. I c IIDNGARIAN III B 2 II F tJagyar Tribune . May 28, 1926 Something that the entire Hungarian population of Chicago ceoi't do has been realized by the comparatively small Dr. Ilerzl Society. This society has a membership of one hundred and fifty people and they have bought a piece of property on which they are putting up a building which will cost approximately $100,000* In order to pay for this building, the dues were raised — this decision being made by the members. This is an example of vjhat a really active organization can accomplish. The plan v/asn't brought about bv thoughts alone, but was brought about by activities. i7e feel sure that the Virgin 2vlary Society and its members will follow the ^ \ TH2 DR. HERZL SOCIETY' (^ ^l?. V o I c III B 2 II F _<. - 2 - lagyar Tribune , I'iay 28, 1926 • HUNGARIAN 1) o !.«. I V the example set by the Dr. Herzl Society, because vie think that if an organization consisting of 150 members is not afraid to tackle a project of this kind, then an organization with a membership close to a thousand can step right in without any fear whatsoever. I c III B 2 III B 1 III G HUNGARIAN Magyar tribune , Nov, 15, 1925 iVILiT 16 Trli£ CjlI^TRAL COLjIvIITT^ DOING? (iSclitorial) 'iJhen it became kno'ivn that Countess Karolyi was refused a passport for en- trance into the United States, the Chicago Hungarian University Club demonstrated its protest against this action in front of President Coo- lidi:e, and asked Senator Deneen of Chicago for help. At that time we wrote in detail about all this. Now individuals are protesting that the University Club has taken it upon itself to represent the entire Hungarian population of Chicago, protest seems to be an echo from the past. This At one time we felt rather peeved about this also, because it did not seem fair to us. Today we look at these activities in a different light. Since that tine, through our co-oper-;tion and our help, the Chicago X I c III B 2 III B 1 III G - 2 - yar Tribune , Nov. 13, 1925. HUNGARIxilT Hungarian Societies* Central Coininittee has been organized. ThroUi^h this organiz.^tion vje thought that all those misunderstandings of the past would be erased. V/e also thought that through this organization, v/e would be able to see the great masses of Hungarians take part in all Hungarian activities, and in this way the weight of responsibility would be more evenly distributed, and honors would be evenly divided, and naturaJ.- ly the results of our activities would be much greater. For a while the wagon of the Central Committee bounced along a rocky road. Their activities v;ere enthusiastic, they took part in elections, and all these things seemed to be giving this new Hungarian organization renewed life. All these activities in which they participated filled us v;ith joy, because with each new activity we saw the Hungarian people move forward, and they v/ere starting to realize their ambitions. "1 f .1 i V oS o « y I C - 3 - HDNGt&RIAN III B 2 III B 1 yia^ar 'i^ibune . Nov. 15, 1925. Ill G But in the end we were mistaken. Now we realise that all these thin::s v;ere mer3ly flickering flames. « It see.TiS as thou;:,h an anesthetic has been given to this organization for which vje had so much hope. It is fast asleep. It doesn^t even snore. It is probably having its last dream. All indications are that it has seen an early death. These thoughts occurred to us at this time because we think the Central Com- mittee should have taken some part in the Countess Karolyi movement, not because they necessarily favor her ideas. In the present case this would mean little or nothing. Activities in this case are necessary because the action of Secretary of State Kellogg has seriously injured Amarican thou,r:ht, ideals and traditions I C - 4 - HUl^IGARIAN III B 2 III B 1 M agyar Tribune , Nov. 13, 19^5. Ill G 'i^e thxink that serious thought should have been civen to the action of Secretary of State Kellogf^ because Countess Karolyi should have been considered as just another Hungarian lady trying to gain entrance into the United States. Today this lady is called Countess Karolyi; toinorrow she will be called by a diffei^ent name. All the .Washington bureaucracy wants is a precedent to act on, and then they will deal severely with all iraraigrants, using the original interpreta- tion as a means of refusing them admittance. It is the duty of the Hungarian Societies* Central Committee to raise its* voice in protest when a law is being interpreted unjustly and to the dis- advantat;;e of a brother Plungarian. o i Lit ^" I • i 1 — t ' \-- I c - 5 - HUIJG.J^I .T"^ Ivlagyar Tribune , Hoy. 13, 1925. Ill B 2 III B 1 III G I^obably their protest v;ould not help the present situation a bit. It is natural that it v/ould be only a snail step towards an accom- plished deed. But with this /action/^ and this is the most inoortant ^thin^, the repu- tation of the Ghica.-'O nun ..-.rians v/ould be saved and the activities of the Central Goimr.ittee would be kept alive, .le sincerely hope for this fron the bottom of our hearts. But life will be kept only through activity. Regardless of how simi^le or small these activities are, soraething must be done. .-i. program m.ust be made up, and this program, must consist of such activities as are of common interest to our people, and our activities must oe for the v/elfare of our T)eoT)le. f t ..'\. < ^- / I c III B 2 - 6 - I.:a,g;yar Tribune . Nov. 13, 19 "5. EUITa^"^LiII III 3 1 III a These Tacts must be realized and the realization must be put before the Central Conrrxittee. This realization must come ouickly and activities must be started imi.iediately. If this does not happen, death v;ill come quickly. Hhe Chicago iiun.7;'drian Jocieties must realize that tlieir activities have been insufficient, or elr-.e they c .n dif^ their ov;n r^ave and die silently, xis long as v;e are i'aced v/ith such a sad situation as this, no one should protest af^ainst the action of the University Club, Any activity sponsored by the University Club is sponsored for the xvelfare of an individual, or for the v;elfare of every Hun.^arian, be it here or abroad. The Chicago Ilun^^arian people Iiave a ri.iht to divide into factions. They I c - 7 - Ea^ar Tribune, Nov. 1:5, 1925. Ill B 2 III B 1 III G are allov/ed to discuss these questions ariOnri:st themselves, but their activities must not be allowed to sta.^nate. If co-or)eration is impossible, then something; v/ill have to be done to show the rest of the v/orld that there are still Ilun^^arians livin/^: in Chi- cago. I c I B 1 III i; 2 JL^U J.T'jrrU:tIi J'. loagyi^r Tribune , .lUf^. 21, 1925 by Ign.:.tz Izsak (Editorial) One of the .:iost i.iportant functioning organs in man's body is the he::rt. Its functions are similar to the activities of c. puj;ip; it foreef-: blood up to the brain ana then throu,:h the r.iff urent channels provide.: for the flow of blood into tho body. Thi^s continuous c.nd endless circulation of blood is indicative of life, and if thtJ heiirt stops, th-_ flo;; of blood stops and conL-e ;uently there is no life. It is a \.ell-k:nox«n fact therefore tnat t .ere i^. a cor^iection between the brain and the heart, oince the creation of laa.., his r.ctiTities and his behavior have been guided b ' both his heart anu his brain. The ^rreat visiters attribute the activities of .'.lan to the heart, v.hile the scientists anc. students claiin that -. m - 2 - HUNGARIi4N Magyar Tribune , Aug. 21, 1925. it is the brain which regulates the behavior of man. According to the Hungarian viewpoint, it is alarmingly true that both these organfiplay an important part in the behavior and tempera;aent of the human being. The Hungarian person has a very good heart, v.hich resets rather quickly when the time comes for the performance of good deeds, if the brain is in an absolutely sober condition. 7»hile we are a v/ine-drinicin- nation, in many instances our hearts are not governed by our brain, but are dictated to by the glasses which we have tilted. Under the influence of wine, we become rather sympathetic and we would like to hold the vjorld in our laps. We are liable to make xinheLrd of promises with wine-tainted lips. Then when we sober up we realize what shameful things we have said and done. Vftien we remember our actions vhile under the influence of wine we would like to find some forni of punishment for ourselves, and we also avoid meeting those persons with whom we came in contact while under the influence of wine. I c I B 1 III B 2 - 3 - Llagyar Tribune, AUg. 21, 1925. HUNGL^J^IM If v;e v.anted to be honest, we v-ould say that our richer class of people is seen under the influence of wine more often than is our poorer class. The so-called upper class inaxce many promises v,hile they are drunk, and then when they sober up they consider it to be a big joke to have been trifling with the truth. VvTiile the promises laade by the working class of people whether they are drunk or sober are carried out in order to niaintain self-respect. After making a careful study of the ^orking class of people we have coae to the conclusion that they fulfill their duties better than do the upper class. We know of a mtn who w^s injured a few years ago at the Illinois Steel Company plant. The Virgin iVIaiy Society has been helping this man for years and al- though they didn't have to, they paid all the expenses for an exaiUination by a nerve specialist, and after the doctor submitted his report in regards to the case, a large sum of money was given the patient in the tor/n of a donation^ We know of instances where men and women have made promises and in order to ful- fill those promises, they are depriving themselves of many vital things in /^" their life. Z^.,,, ^~^% •I i. I C - 4 - HUl^Gi\RIAN I B 1 III B 2 Magyar Tribune , Aug. 21, 1925. We hear of many cases where the individual is not fortunate enough to secure a better or higher salaried job, and he feels despondent because he canH aid those whom he left behind in Europe, after he h:.d promised to help them. The above incidents shoi/v the co-operation betv;een the heart and the brain, re- gardless of whether or not these promises iiere made under the influence of wine. The human race, in the past seven years, hai; adopted the attitude of a Gain to- wards life, which means an attitude of little thought or solicitude for one's fellow man. People who have thoughts like these do not have the proper outlook on life. The human race is dependent upon ee^ch other. There are many people vho for some reason or other can't earn their daily bread. But this is not a valid reason for us to let these people perish. v;e must naturally condemn those who wilfully steer clear of a chance to earn their own living and are contin- ually dependent o.. others. ^^ • , I c I B 1 III B 2 ' 5 -- Ilagyar Tribune, Aug. 21, 1925* TiTOTr/v?,IAIT Annimal life shows us what happens to those v/ho continually neglect their duties that go with the right to live. It is not necessary to explain to Hungarians that to be successful and humanitarian one must strive for the better things in life, and the goblet of wine is an item which will not co-operate with the reactions of the heart and soul. V cy I C HJNGARIAIT III B 1 I K T.Ia.^^ar Tribune , Oct. 30, 1934. izi. :.if::^a!:N ':i:^2^ the fiao (Editorial) ^Translator's note.— This editorial v/ritten v/ith reference to an editorial which appeared in the Nev; York ^Yorld on October 28, 1924^7" It is gratifj^'ing to find among our contemporaries xvriters of such intelllp;ent, fairminded, and frank editorials as the one ^^'hich appeared in the New York 7/orld. No doubt, the vjise and coura.^eous oolicy of its ^reat editor, Joseph Pulitzer, no?; deceased, is not dead yet. The Hunp^arians in this country, as well as abroad, will notice that t^e powerful moulder of American nublic opinion, tve world, has diarnosed the Hungarian p-overnmental situation very precisely and correctly, and all the '^.pents find hirelings of the TTorthy regime, whether they are Ariericrns like T'r. Menken or Hunr-^rians, c^^nnot mislead the intellirent A^'^ericpns. I c III B 1 I K - 2 - L!apyar Tribune , Oct. 30, 1924. iiimaAHLA.IT As much as v/e deplore the officiousness of the Security Loame by anno^ring Countess Karolyi unon her entr- nee to A^ierica, v;e consicler it as a rrreat publicity rtunt to rer /^nerican r::ission« V/hile ^ve are convinced that her poli-ical convictions are anti-Bolsheviki , her lectures ^-^ill T)rove beyond doubt the nature and character of her /^nerican inisrion, and the cppeat and rlorious type of 'Tunp-'^ri^.n ^'^onanbood Countess i.^rclyi reore?ents. If Countess Knrol^^'i's Ar^eric^in visit vjculd be V-e ver;'- leart injurious to the genuine v:*eric-n 5^^irit, or to our A^ie^ican free and liberal institution Yje "7ou]d ourselves f'^'cv hor '"^ "oortation, es -re f'o not like to see Ilun'r^rians knoc-:.infr our ador^ted countr:r an^ ^urtinr; the ronutation of all of us, but v;e T"r;mly '.'^elcone Countess Aarolvi as a true ranresentative of Iiun<^«^rian democracy, and the "^inest nrototyne of Ilun^rrian ^vonanbood, a rare specimen amon^ the aristncracv of old Tlunr^'rv. "".Te heartily conrrrtulate the llevi York "'orld for their editorial • In the I c III B 1 I K - 3 - Hrjr3G--\i?IAl-I I.!ap::,rar Tribun e. Oct, 30, 1924, vernacular of the day: The .'orld said a raouthful. Let the Horthy rec-ime and their faithful ally, Stanv;ood Lenken, put this in their pipe and smoke It, I c II D 10 II D 1 II D 2 II D 3 III C III Cr III li I a I H IIUITGAHIAIT Magyar Tribune, Sept. 5, 1924. THE FUTURF. OF THE HIIMGARIAIT-AI!ERICMS (Editorial) How that the new immigration quotas have been enacted, we must start watching the future of the Himgarian- Americans because this law is a serious problem in our lives. V/e older Americans realize what this new blood had meant from year to year, which has been flowing into this country in the form of the new immigrant. We knew and we gazed at this young ambition and enthusiasm which they so sincerely poured into the work which they were doing. Even those who had left a sorrowful past behind them came to this country, and upon reaching its shores seemed as though they were reborn. They pitched in and worked for the betterment of the Hungarian population of this country. ¥ I C - 2 - HUITGARIAIT I.!agyar Tribune , Sept. 5, 1924. Just as we said we knew all this very well, because we ourselves had to go through the same thing, we older, more tired, more experienced, weather- beaten Americans were inspired by the younger blood. It was from this un- divided enthusiasm that the different Hungarian activities were brought forth in this city and throughout the country. Now this new life-giving stream is going to stop, because from now on there will be veirr few new Hungarians coming to this city and to other cities throughout the country. 7^e are left alone just as we were during the World War . During the World V/ar Hungarian life was not dead, as a matter of fact it was quite active even though immigration was at a standstill. We can*t credit all this activity to the Hungarian people, because it was an outside source*r--x that created this activity; it v;as the unavoidable influence of the World'^ar. ^' y I C - 3 - HaNGARIAN ;jagyar Tribune , Sept. 5, 1924. The first activity that took place was in aiding the war orphans of Hungary. Later, when the United States became involved in the war, it was our duty as citizens of this country to aid it in order that the v/ar might end as soon as possible, and to assure this country of victory. These activities were prompted by outside influences, although we were all willing to do these things, knowing that it was our duty. But now we are facing a new problem. Now there is no war, nor is there any outside influence to force new activi- ties on us. Things are just the opposite today. A heavy fog has engulfed the souls of the Hungarian-Americans. y^.-J '- t 11- • -•. 'y I C - 4 - . HUITGAHIM Magyar Tribune , Sept, 5, 1924. The political life of Hungary has caused a great turmoil among the Hungarians of America; we all look at this in a very indifferent nianner, and watch this terrible insect of destruction chew us apart. We must start planning now. These heavy and sorrowful facts must be recti- fied and ways and means must be found in order that the social life of the Hungarian people may be straightened out* Because it is the social life of the people that the political life and other activities depend on; in other words, it is their future. The societies that now exist are devoted to sick benefit and death benefit organizations. We must admit that in the past twenty-five years these so- cieties and the different churches have been the springs of many activities that were promoted among the Hungarians. Usually church life is directed from other sources besides the local church; .^' •J I C - 5 - .HUNGARIM !Jagyar Tribune , Sept. 5, 1924* often they are helped out financially so that their existence may be assured, so naturally each Saint's hand is closest to his ovm pocket, and so each church thinks of its own members first, and this membership is the majority. But then there are those who are outside of the church, it seems as though the remaining few will be so neglected that in time they will even lose the Hungarian language. Therefore, we must look for ways and means, outside the societies and churches, by which the future strength of the Hungarian people may be assured, even under adverse conditions. In view of this we are submitting the following program which we think v;ill help bring back this needed strength: 1) Continual aid to the Hungarian- American press. 2) Continual aid to the Hungarian theatre. 3) Keep the Hungarian folk song, dance, and other musical activities intact. I C - 6 - HUNGAHIM Magyar Tribune , Sept. 5, 1924. Support sport activities among the Hungarians. Promote the teaching of Hungarian literature, and become better ac- quainted with the authors of Hungarian literature. Promote co-operative political activities. Become familiar with conditions in the homeland and wherever possible lend a helping hand. 8 Constantly keep the financial problems of our people in mind. Draw the new generation, the Hungarian-American children, into Hungarian life in a satisfactory manner. There are many other things that might be added to this program, and we I C - 7 - HDIiaARIA^T Magyar Tribune , Sept. 5, 1924. would be very pleased if those people who think seriously of this great problem would submit some of their own suggestions to the editor of this newspaper. We would be very interested and we feel sure that the rest of our fellow Hungarians would be just as interested in new ideas and suggestions. t i:)^'^^. t I JL2. HDNGARIAM III H (Bohemian) III H (Slovak) III H Magyar Tribune > Jan. 21, 1921. THS CONSULS ARE COMING The report was officially confirmed that soon the Hungarian foreign representation will be organized in America, and consulates will be set up at four Mag- yar - American centers. Chicago, one of the most important centers of Magjrar activity, as well as nearby communities, will also get a Hungarian consul* Naturally, it will be rather unusual, after getting used to the Austro - Hiingarian consulate, to establish one purely Hungarian, but we will get used to it. The main thing is that the new Magyar consulate will not assume the superior lordly air, and bureaucratic spirit of the old one. \ •^■. Jan. 21, 1921. We know from the past that the Hungarian consulates, as coiimercial repre- sentatives, were of very little service in this respect, since their activities viere chiefly directed to settle some more or less difficult affairs of Hungarian subjects. .vX)st of the complaints originated on that account, and v;e expect some improvement along this line^ Because we serve the same public as the Eun^^arian consulate vail serve, our range of interest is closely related to that of the Consulate. We prom- ise that as lonf: as the Hungarian consulate serves the interests of the Hungarian subjects living here and the interests of the United States citizens of Hungarian descent, v;ith loyalty, love, punctuality, and sincerity, the consulate can alv/ays count on our support, v/ithout expecting any com- pensation or acknov/ledgement in return. J I C . - 4 - HDITGAHIAK III H (Bohemian) III H (Slovak) III H Magyar Tribiine > Jan* 21, 1921* This we sincerely promise partly in the interest of our unlucky country and partly for the sake of our Magyar brothers living here* But be it known too, that we (our newspaper) will be no lackey, cover for crime, or a household newspaper for the consulate • We will preserve our independence under every circumstance. Our in- dependence, first and last, belongs to the Llagyars, and it is not for sale, i/e will be brave and open enerdes of consular grafters. We shall constantly and relentlessly expose any bad tendencies of the consulate and we will put a stop to the continuation of any condition of this nature with all our strength. We have to declare that the consulates in the past v;ere the nests of many a:- I C - 5 - HDNGARIAH III H (Bohemian) III H (Slovak) III H Magyar Tribune , Jan. 21, 1921. kinds of graft, abuse, and partiality, and for that reason they were im- popular among Hiingarians, with the exception of a few good friends and proteges. « The main purpose of the future consuls should be to attain poptilarity and to be liked by all not only by the Magyar people, but by the Americans as well. World changes have put the Hungarian consulates in a new situation, invest* ing them with an entirely new mission. Besides their regular duties, they have to take part in the affairs of the f. -^ IN r I I G - 6 - HDNGARIAM III H (Bohemian) III H (SloTEk) III H Magyar Tribune , Jan. 21, 1921. Magyars, not in a lordly manner, but so as to cooperate with them on a Democratic basis. The support, self - sacrifice, and patriotic sentiment of the American Magyars towards their suffering native country is of great importance and should be sustained and augmented by the consulates. In Chicago a great and difficult task awaits the consulate in this respect, not because the Magyars of Chicago refuse to perform their duty to their native country, but because Chicago Magyar social life is in a period of dullness. Magyar social life in Chicago is desolate, inactive, barren, and quiet. We cannot let conditions stand as they are now. American Magyar social L£ - 7 - HDMGARIAN III H (Bohemian) III H (Slovak) III H Magyar Tribune . Jan. 21, 1921. activities must be given new life and made friutful, and every meeting of Magyar societies and organizations should strive toward this end. And here is where the consiilate faces its great and difficult task. Besides, as it is known to all of us, Chicago is the stronghold of the pan - Slavic movement in America, and the anti - Magyar movement of the Czechs, Yugoslavs, and Slovaks spread out from Chicago. We have to consider too that the newly bom Czechoslovakia has very strong supporters and loyal adherents in Chicago. Consequently, we have to face these anti - Magyar movements, which means that we have to develop a Magyar irredentism movement. I C * - 8 - HOMQARIAH IlTli (Bohemian) III H (Slovak) III H Magyar Tribune, Jan. 21, 1921* iVe believe that the Magyar leaders, regardless of whether they are Hungarian siibjects or American Magyar citizens, will receive the consuls with warm friendship and they will help them in their work where it is possible and permissible. It depends on the consuls, whether they want to cultivate this friendship or let it cool off as before* As long as the consulates cooperate with I^gyar brotherly sentiment, their work will be successful because the American I^gyars, and especially the leaders of the Chicago Magyars, are always ready to work for the interest of the native country. But we will not allow anyone to treat us with scorn, arrogance, or snobbishness* I c HUNPxARIAN II D 10 III H Magyar Trlbiine , Nov, 14, 1919* 17 \«HAT IS THE MATTER WITH THE HUNGARIANS OF CHICAGO? (Editorial) During the last few weeks we have been writing articles concerning starvation among Hungarians in Euirope* We have tried to arouse the feeling of the Chicago-Hungarians in every way possible. We have employed all the editorial schemes a newspaper is permitted to use in order to picture the terrible conditions abroad, and have explained the methods to relieve the conditions^ To a certain extent, vie have been success- ful. We have heard from a number of patriotic Hungarians who are will- ing to do their part in this behalf. We are tryin^r to organize a society that will be in haimony with and conform to its ideals as has been done in other cities. At this time we are about ready to launch such an or- ganization. Information has come to us that even those Hungarians who are not numbered among our readers have advised us of their intention - 2 - HDT;:aARIAN Magyar Tribune , Nov. 14, 1919* to help feed the thousands of little childrer in Hungary in order that they may be saved. This fact has given us preat encouragement. There is, howevej:, one discouraf:ing feature connected with this v/orthy movement. These prospective helpers will support our society providing we concede to some of their wishes. If they can be the leaders and vje are the followers, if we are the contributors, and they are the donors, then all will be well. These people have been connected with organizations of this kind before, but this being a free and democratic country, and the majority of Hungarians be- ing a democratic and freedom-loving people, such organizations have always failed. These self-styled leaders may think i/rtiat ever they please of our group as a class. Today, this class is not a bunch of sheep following a bell- wether. We are very particular whom ve follow and whom we choose - '^ - HW^OARIM Magyar Tribune , Nov. 14, 1919. to represent us, and, in our opinion, tMs class of people has always been the backbone of all Hunf^arian organizations. As we understand it, the heart of every Hungarian has been deeply touched by the plight of those starving Hungarian children, but his heart will re- spond only if he can be the collector, if he can be the leader, if he can be the boss, and we, the working Hungarians become the contributors, and his obedient servants. Let us say right here nnd now that we have no objections to the character, integrity and ability of !/r. Joseph ByTield and to his associates. They may be conscientious men. V»e are glad to have them associated with us and take an interest in the affairs of the Hun.o-arian community. But we do - 4 - HUTJGAiRIAN Magyar Tribune, Nov. 14, 1919. object to the un-American methods Mr. Byfield and his associates are using to obtain leadership and control of legitimate Hungarian move- ments in Chicago, We want to remind our readers that it was Mr, Byfield and his friends who took charge of The Hungarian Patriotic Association which, after operating a short time, was forced to disband, •♦Too many midwives, and the baby will die,"* says an old Hungarian proverb. There are no successful organizations in which everyone is a leader, but Mr, Byfield and his friends want to be nothing short of officials in all Hungarian movements. We sincerely admire their ambitions t It is quite an honor to be a leader of such a noble race as the Hungarians, v;e admire these men because they wish to be affiliated with our race, despite - 5 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Nov« 14, 1919, the fact these men rank very high socially in American society. What hurts us is that when these distinguished Hunp^arian p:entlemen become heads or are officers of our organizations, about 45,000 Hungarians in Chicago be- come estranged from that very movement. This is not our personal opinion, but are the facts obtained from past experiences which have led us to form this deplorable conclusion and honest conviction. Our interest in this movement, as well as in any Hungarian movement, which will benefit the Hungarians of Chicago, is impartial. We feel that it is our duty as public servants to voice our opinion against these cliques whose methods are of a disadvantage to Hungarian traditions and Dublic life. We hope Mr, Byfield and his friends have the 100,000 distressed Hungarian children in mind rather than the publicity that they might get out of the - 6 - HU:]GL\RLJT "agyar Tribune > ifov. 14, 1919, movement. We want then to be generous this time, not for our sake, not for the sake of democracy, but for the s^ike of the future Hungarian generation, whose fate rests -.vith all of us. Let the Hungarian people of Chicago elect leaders whom they believe will lead them to the gre .test success. VJe feel that the Chicago-Hungarians are intelligent enough to pick desirable and v/orthy men and women as their representatives.. This has been done in all cities i^nd localities where Hungarians live. If this is done the right vrj.y, the vjork and the responsibility is shouldered equally by all. VJe believe that every one is av:are of the fact th^.t v/e live in a democratic country, and :^o v/e v/ant to follow the principles jof - 7 - KuiNiaiaiAN Llagyar Tribune , Nov. 14, 1919. that form of government. »/e hope that no one is offended by this article, that is not our in- tention. Je also hope that it will not close the pocketbooks of those who are willing and able to contribute towards this noble cause. We repeat, we are ready to support this movement xvith all our power, but we do not want to sacrifice the great principle for which vj'e ha ."e been fighting so earnestly and that which almost upset the whole world in the past five years. That great principle is this; no one has a monopoly over the Hungarians. No one can dictate to us. The people have their rights and v/e are for the rights of the people. Let the people Rulel !• ATTITODES D« Economic Organization !• Capitalistic Enterprise a. Big Business f 4 « « I D 1 a I D 1 b I H HDITOARIAN Magyar Tribune , Aug* 21, 1931* BANK FAILQRES (Editorial by ^r* Erno^ Lowinger) The excellent Hungarian newspaper, the Egyetertes (Concord) of New Tork, published a very interesting article on American bank failures • The article was prompted by the fact that last week several New York banks closed their doors, in particular the bank established by John Nemeth which was later called the American Union Bank* Many Hungarian families had their life sav- ings in this Hungarian heook. We ChicagO€uis are no longer afflicted with this contagious disease of bank failures. At least, we believe this is the case* Because last spring this plague ruthlessly took its toll in our midst and we could not offer calm advice while nerves were taut and feelings at fever pitch, we waited until the present time when people have become more or less accustomed to the situation* We give our opinion now because we are not satisfied with the r I D 1 a I D 1 b I H - 2 - HDNGARi;^ Magyar Tribune > Aug. 21, 1931* view taken by the editor of the Egyetertes. For example, the first conclusion of the Egyetertes is the following: *^When a bank fails, the loser is not the banker but the thouseuids of depositors The bank itself is only a depository, the hcuidler of the money. The real losers, therefore, are the depositors." The foregoing comment is either a faulty conception or a malicious misrepre- sentation. We believe that the Egyetertes based its conclusion on erroneous information. In our opinion the biggest loser is the bank, which loses its prestige when its doors are closed by state authorities. The bank is then completely ruined. It loses the faith of its depositors, and its capital is in imminent danger. Moreover, the directors and stocMiolders of the bank face a critical anl dark future. The stockholders may lose their invested capital and also be held responsible for the stock in their possession at the time the bank becomes insolvent. The directors, on the other hand, lose I D 1 a - 3 - HUNGARIAN I D I H 1 b Magyar Tribune > Aug. 21, 1931# their invested capital; and, according to state and federal laws, they are faced with double liability for the stock in their possession.*. .Therefore, their wealth is gone and their source of income is cut off. They add to the number of unemployed. This happens if there is no criminal liability involved and if everything was aboveboard and within the law when the bank failed. If the directors of the bank are found guilty of embezzlement or mishandling of funds, thereby violating the banking laws, dire punishment-- the darkness of the penitentiary-- awaits them. This happened to officials of the New York Bank of the United States and this fate awaits some of the officials of Chicago's closed banks. In other words, the owners and direc- tors lose at least as much as the depositors. Let no one be under the im- pression that only the depositors are the losers. In such an economic up- heaval as that which is sweeping the world, it is a wonder that any small bank can remain open. We see century-old European banking institutions wavering like the leaves of the poplar tree in a storm. In America the only big bank catastrophe was the failure of the Bank of the I D 1 a - 4 - HONGARIAH I D 1 b I H Magyar Tribune > Aug. 21, 1931. United States* The other 560 bank failures were only comp€U?atlvely dis- astrous* According to the prevailing American view, the really large banks withstood the tempest, and the failure of the smaller banks was due to the economic depression which ruined fanners and property owners* The deposi- tors deserve our deepest sympathy In the economic catastrophe; and without a doubt, more stringent state and federal laws are needed to put a stop to this contagion of bank failures* On the other hand, the depositors had a fair share In the failure of the smaller banks* There isn*t a bank in the world which is strong enough to withstand a run in which from ninety to a hundred per cent of its aeposltors demand all their money Even the German National Bank could not withstand such a run, although its capital was much larger than that of any of the American banks which failed* Naturally the depositor has a right to withdraw his hard-earned savings from the bank* However, when thousands demand their money at once, it is unfair to the bank* With this act the depositors an- nounce that their faith in the bank is gone* The bank having capitalized on I D 1 a - 5 - HDNGARIAN I D 1 b I H Magyar Tribune. Aug. 21, 1931» the faith of its dei)ositors , placed the money into interest-bearing secur- ities and kept on hemd only fifteen to twenty per cent of the cash deposits* Therefore, the bank can return only fifteen or twenty per cent of the total deposits on immediate demand* The other depositors must either wait or re- port the insolvency of the bank, which means the failure of the bank and even greater danger to the deposits. When a bank fails in prosperous times, we Immediately suspect the directors, but in such x>anicky times as the present, mass hysteria and economic paralysis are the basic reasons In summary, this is our opinion of bank failures The other question is: What to do? "This is a very serious question ^writes the Egyetertes 7 and we are taking a great deal of responsibility upon ourselves when we endeavor to answer it* As can be seen from the foregoing statements, no matter how much capital a bank has or how strong its foundation may be, an unscrupulous director who irresponsibly flirts with the penitentiary can ruin it* I D 1 a I D I H 1 b - 6 - Magyar Tribune > Aug. 21, 1931, HDNOARLAN ^Withdraw the money from the baiilc? If it is safe at home from burglars and thieves, then that is the proper place for it — especially until the economic crisis blows over— because the thought of waking someday to the knowledge that our life savings are gone must be a terrible feeling* In a moment our hard-earned money is no more— a consequence of the imscrupulousness of some banker. We cannot even hope to begin saving anew, because time has flown away and we are old. **Zveryone, therefore, must carefully consider what he should do with his money. " Illinois laws are very strict. There isn^t one newspaper here which would dare to advise its readers to withdraw their money from the bank. This is considered a crime punishable with imprisonment. ••••Even if it were per- missible, it would not be fair. Just imagine what would happen if all Ameri can and foreign-lcmguage newspapers advised their readers to withdraw their deposits from the bank for the duration of the economic depression. Imme- diately the number of unemployed would be tripled euid commerce would be I D 1 a - 7 - HUNGARIAN I D 1 b I H Mag/ar Tribune, Aug. 21, 1931» paralyz6d«»*»«This advice is bad« It would induce a revolution«««««We believe that no large amount of cash should be kept at home* There are many reliable banks where we can safely keep our money* •••• There are several ways of investing our money* Depositing it in a savings account is only one of the many ways* If there is anyone who does not know how to invest his money he should ask some one who is familiar with the question and who is also honest and reliable* In case of illness we consult a physician; in time of trouble — a lawyer; when building — an architect; and when investing, v/e ask the advice of a reliable banking institution* In every phase of our life there is risk* This is true in investments, too, but still the risk is minimized when we deal with a good banking institution ••***If anyone wishes to make the economic crisis even more serious, he will advise the reader to take his money from the bank and keep it at home* We believe the Egyetertes > which is a conservative newspaper, never intended to be an instrument of radical ideals and will correct the false impression which /o I D 1 a I D 1 b I H - 8 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Aug* 21, 19 SL Its articles created* For the present we wished to amplify this question for our readers so that they may be reassured of the fact that there are many good, firm banking institutions and solid investments left in America which stand as rocks in this world economic crisis* I I D 1 a HUNGARIAN Otthony Uby 24 9 1931 « IMPORTANT FINANCIAL NEWS p*4« •••••• .To put your savings in the bank is the correct thing to dOy but it brings only three per cent* liichael J. Bransfield t Sons Ccmipany irtiose offices are at 120 S« LaSalle Street is able to recommend something better than a savings account t something that will pay 5^ % interest* These securities may be bought through the post office on the installment plan payable in convenient small amounts monthly. Besides these » bonds may be purchased 9 which pay the same interest • The Michael J. Bransfield & Sons Company was established in 1894. Mr« Bransfield » director^ will give you more information to inquirers* We can*t recommend anything better in the way of investment in these trying times* ! J p 1 j^ . 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, ilay 24, 1931^ WPA (ilL; PivU.. o(j,i/. The company has been in business over thirty years and no investor has ever lost a penny* We ask those of cur readers, who have money to invest ,to get in touch with this company* itifn \ t {i^^>/ TfiW. jO.:/i I D 1 a HUNGARIAN Otthon, Apr« 26, 1931* DISBELIEVE FALSE REPORTS* p* 1 - State's Attorney Swanson warns the public through the press not to believe malignant reports, which disturb our peace of mind and in many cases incite people to make runs on perfectly safe banks* These false reports usually have as their source anonymous telephone calls, telling that certain banks are on the verge of failure* Many attribute these false alarms to Bolsheviki agitators, who are trying to cause dissatisfaction and rioting by this new method* It is perfectly apparent that any bank would have difficulties if all its depositors de- manded their money at the same time* But if a bank rests on a solid foot- ing, a run is only detrimental to the depositors* M - 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon , Apr* 26, 1931« Swanson asks the public to heed his warning and not let themselves be fooled by these false alarmists • If apprehended, anyone spreading false reports will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law and the penalty for such offense may be as much as five years in prison* I D 1 a HUiTG^IAH Jrx II I c I 2 II B 2 b (Jawish) lY (Jewish) lla^rax Tribune > 3ept* 3, 1926 by Ignatz Izsak, (i^ditorial) The editorial staff of this newspaper can never be accused of siding with the big capitalists, nor can we be charged :vith ever asking them for help of any- kind. ViTe have always claimed that the big capitalists, whether they v;ere industri- alists, nanuf acturers , or landovmers, could be of seirvice to laankind only if they paid their workers a living v;age, or a wage that would provide the worker Vi/ith the same luxuries possessed by the capitalists themselves. hs long as the capitalistic systOii is in existence, the worker v/ill never I D 1 a - 2 - Ilagyar Tribune , Sept. 3, 1926 liUrIGr.iRIAN II A 2 I C I 3 II B 2 b (Jewish) receive the full amount that he has earned for the capital- IV (Jexvish) ists. 3ven v;hen industry slows down and people are out ox* work, nothing is done bv the capitalists to provide a living for the unfortunate. In our estimation, the least the:,'' could do would be to set aside, for just such emergencies, a part of the enormous profits that they make. If we compare the i^iuropean, especially the Hungarian, capitalists with the American caT)italists, v;e find a ,sP^eat deal of difference. In Hungary, the priests, the aristocrats, and the gentry never try to aid the poor in any way; even when they /the priests, etc_/7 die, they do not leave any part of their fortune to public institutions so that the general public might benefit there- from, ^very once in a v/hile, it happens that a sum of money is left to a school for tuition purposes, but if this does occur, the only ones that benefit from these funds are those who are related to the donor. In iiirierica, if a person becomes wealthy, he tries to do something to benefit I D 1 a - 3 - fyj^ v^\ HUNG/LFJiilT II A 2 I G Llagyar Tribune , Sept. 3, 1926, I E II 3 2 b (Jevvish) everyone. Regardless of v;hat motives induce him to donate lY (Jel^ish) a part of his fortune to the public, the donor realizes that soi.ie part of his fortune belongs to those peoole that helped him acquire his great wealth. He knov.s that his success is largely due to the support of the public. There art Vvealthier Tien in the Unitt^d States than Julius Kosenv-ald, but there are very few that have donated as iauch money for the public welfare as he has. The donations by Eosem.ald a.iount to raillions fot dollarsT", and when he contributes a suiii, he ..lakes no distinction regarding race, color, creed, or nationality. He has 'iTiade many notable donations, but v.e think that his Ic^test is the best. 'Ve know that other nationalities will derive as much benefit from it as the American people. Julias Eosenwald has contributed the sua of three million dollars toward the rebuilding of the Fine Arts building in Jackson Park. The I D 1 a - 4 - /(J'..... ^^HUNaiRIAN II A 2 I C Magyar Tribune , Sept. 3, 1926. I E II B 2 b (Jewish) three million dollars is to be used to establish an indus- rv (Jewish) trial musexira in the Fine Arts building* This museum is pf interest to all. But we Hungarian-Americans should be es- pecially interested in it because most of our people are engaged in industry here in this country. The museum will be of special interest to the young people, because the sight of these miniature machines in operation will develop many inventive geniuses. At the same time, the exhibits will be an e'ducational topic of conversation. The idea of this industrial museum was bom to him while he was traveling in Hungary, whisn he and his little son visited an industrial museum in Bees, Hungary. As he was about to leave the museum, his son became so interested in the different mechanical exhibits that he ^osenwald^ had to take the youngster back several times before the latter v/ould consent to visit other places* Rosenwald decided that a museum such as this would be interesting to young and old alike, and so we in Chicago are fortunate. !• ATTITUDES D, Economic Organization 2. Labor Organization & Activities a. Unions (2) Craft I D 2 a (2) I D 2 a (3) II D 1 Mag7ar Tribune , June 24, 1927 • IV HUNGARIAN MINUTES OF MASS MEETING CALLED TO PROTEST SACCO-VANZETTI VERDICT Meeting Held on June 11 at The Northwest Hall In Chicago Louis Nagy, chairman , opened the meeting and called upon Ignac Izsak to explain the object of the meeting Ignac Izsak told the audience that Sacco and Vanzettl were Innocently condemned to die and that they were only exercising their constitutional rights when they tried to organize shoe factory workers into a union. And, although the defense proved that the witnesses were perjured and Judge Thayer biased, Sacco and Vanzettl have been incarcerated for seven years, and the judiciary, which serves the Interests of the capi- talists, is trying its utioost to have these two innocent men electro- cuted , legally murdered. Izsak Invited the mass meeting to join other labor groups and launch Immediate action. Other speakers were tazar Berta, delegate of the Workers' Sick Benefit I D 2 a (2 ) - 2 - HDNGARIAN I D 2 a (3) II D 1 Magyar Trlbiine . June 24, 1927. IV and Culture Society of West Pullman; Louis Baxrba, representative of the Hungarian branch of the I. W. W Paxil Pika, representing branches 13, 58, and 128 of the Workers* Sick Benefit Union, also spoke of the unjust verdict and said that we should not only protest, but should demand the release of Sacco and Vanzetti. At the same time, he asked the audience to contribute toward the defense fund* The result of the collection was $53«61. In conclusion, Louis Nagy read the message to be sent to Ctovemor Fuller • « • • which was unaniskDusly approved by the meeting* D. Economic Organization 2. Labor Organization & Activities a« Unions (3) Industrial T D 2 a f:^^ HDMaARL^H II B 2 e II B 1 a Mamrar Tribiine . Nov. 7, 1930. I E OPEN FOHUM (The publishers of the Magyar Tribune do not accept responsibility for items in this col\unn») A Statement To the Editors: In your previous issue, in the Open Forum, a malicious letter was published against the Chicago Hungarian Workers' Chorus; it was si^^ied by the I. W. W. and the United Protective League. The Chicago Hungarian Workers' Chorus, at their business meeting of November 3, disc\issed this matter and decided to reject the accusations and brand the signatories of the letter as slanderers. What despicable depravity is needed to request respectable Hungarian organi- zations to boycott the Workers' Chorus I They (the I. W. W. and United Km. r ' (_• I D 2 a (5) - 2 - HDNGARIAN II B 2 e II B 1 a Itogyar Tribune , Nov. 7, 1930. I E Protective League) are protesting because we did not support their political interests^ The Woricers* Chorus became the center of such undesir- able publicity because they did not support the selfish self-interests of this group. The Industrial Worker ( Bermunkas ) acknowledges that they needed the iiK)ney (raised by showing moving pictures of the Hungarian revolution) for ^ Garbai's fare# They lie when they say that the Workers' Chorus is a Communist 5 organization and they lie v/hen they state that the Woricers* Chorus uses its ^r^. money for party politics and for drunken orgies. Not one cent of the Workers' p Chorus vras spent on anything except the salary of a teacher, rent for club ^ rooms, sheet music and for wreaths for deceased members. Llalignantly they o assert that the club rooms, where the Chorus practices, is a "speakeasy.".... ^ None of the I. kV. V/.* members ever contributed anything to the V/orkers* Chorus, S but the members of the Chorus always helped them whenever the cause justified ^ assistance. The Workers' Chorus would have accepted the last invitation, too, if the proceeds of the affair were to have been turned over to the unfortunate ones, v/ho are imprisoned, victims of class war, but the Chorus refused because that was not the real purpose..... I D 2 a (5) - 3 - H[JIT(L\RIAN II B 2 e II B 1 a Magyar Tribime , llov. 7, 1930. I E This boycott is like the Pope's exconnnunication, for it neither helps nor hinders. The Chicago Workers' Chorus has always v/orked unselfishly, and the respectable Hungarians will not boycott them. V/e place our trust in our own strength and in the support of our fellow workers. ^ Respectfully, by authority of the Chicago Hungarian Workers' Chorus. -p • Andrew Pencz, president; -o Joseph Hernesz, Jr. secretary o CO I D 2 a (3) HUNGARIAN •Jagyar Tribune , June 29, 1917. WPA (ill,; PRCu.30ii/5 THE I. W. W. PICNIC On Sunday June 24, 1917 the I*Vi\w* Organization held a very successful picnic. There v/ere iiany interesting speakers present. There was one speaker who made a most interesting talk in regard to the laboring class in America. His speech, in part, was as follows: ••V/e, the v/orkers, who believe that conditions cannot be changed, are very badly mistaken J we are the ones who have power; the factory worker, the farm worker and the miner command a greater power than they realize. I would like to see the miners lay their tools down, and then we \'^;ould see how long the railroads of the country could operate." Now, with reference to the war he spoke thus: "V/e, the workers, have no reason to be at war; we have no reason to nurse a grudge against our fellcw-raen. The Hungarian, Austrian, German, English, French, and Russian workers who are killing one another, have no reason for it. If President V/ilson has business to settle with the "Kaiser" then he should go ID 2a (3) -2 - HUNGARIAN ifa^var Tribune . June 29, 1917. WPA (ilU PROJ- 30275 over there and fight it out himself, ./e have only one interest and that is to break up the system of .profiteering ." The name of the speaker was not learned, but he spoke very nobly for the I.W.wf. cause. The profits derived from this picnic will be used to publish a newspaper sponsored by the I.i.V/. «■ ATTITODBS D« Eoonomle Organization 2. Labor Organization & Activities a. Unions (4) Strikes ^ g I ^ ^^ ^ ISJNGARIAN Interest, .iUg. 19, 192 7 • Illinois cei^itr'il shops at buritside siiut do'm/ There is a great despair in Burnside, as the shops of the Illinois Central were shut down last week. In those shops were employed mostly the older Hungarians of Burnside, those who are in the descending years of their lives. They let themselves be persuaded to a strike, demanding a 20jC raise in pay. The railroad was willing to grant them 5^, which the workers declined to accept. As an answer, the railroad closed the shops, and now, as the workers affected Are over forty-five years of age, they have almost no prospect to be able to secure for themselves another job elsewhere. I D 2 a (4) iiuiTaARiJaT UiSLgyar Tribune , Jan. 13, 1928 • EXPIGISSION OF THAIIKS The Chicago Class-conscious Hungarian "Workers* Coimnittee for the Colorado Strikers' Aid and Defense v;ishes to express their thanks to all those who attended the benefit dances held on November 27 and December 25, 1927. The clear proceeds of these benefit affairs were four hundred fifty and one hun- dred fifty dollars respectively. Thanks to the class-conscious workers, we v;ere able to send six hiindred dollars to the starving, struggling miners of Colorado. Chicago's class-conscious workers proved that when called upon to do something for struggling fathers and mothers and starving children, they contribute freely so that these strikers may be fed. The miners are still striking and ;^.ore than five hundred of them have been imprisoned, many of whom are accused of miirder, because six miners were killed by the company's henchmen, and instead of charging the nurders to them, they are charged to the strikers and their organizers. Khov/ing*this, the Strikers' I D 3 a (4) - 2 - HUI^G^JOaH Magyar Tribxme , Jan. 13, 1928. t I Aid and Defense Committee decided to raise more money for them, so that these strikers won't be the victims of another legal murder like that of Sacco and Vanzetti, for whose death the workers are responsible. Further funds will be raised by holding dances, entertainments, and socials I D 2 a (4 Magyar Tribune^ April 21,1917 DRESSMAKERS STRIKE HUNGARIAN WPA (ILL) PR0).3[-^/:> For more than two months, now, the Ladies Dressmakers Union has been on strike. This strike involves close to 8,000 workers. The union wants recognition; they demaiid that the working hours be cut; they also demand a raise in salary. The workers believe they will win the strike. The striking ladies ask all Hungarian women not to accept jobs in the plants that are on strike-in other words, not be strike breakers. • ATTITUDES D. Economic Oreanization 2. Labor Orgaxxization & Activities b# Cooperatives I D O I D 1 a Lagyar Tribune , Lar. 2o, 1921. LOJ : .a-.RLy, LErriiR Tc ziz iiDiTcH xaci. J. J-. STLBirjH DiR::;crcrc cf ti:j Dear Editor: I Some v/eeks ago, your valuable paper published the functions of the Coopera- tive Society of America, iillov/ me to discuss some of the most important -^ facts contained therein. Durinf^ its tv;o years of existence, tliis society has v/aged a battle on high prices. This v/ar has been v;ared not only in fixe business area, but also in the courts to prove ho'v honesty and solidly v;e are v/ori-cine: to forge ahead in a successful manner. On Larch IV, Judge Charles ;... joell enjoined State's attorney/ Brundage from interfering 'vitrx the sale of the sliares of the society. The State's attorney held that the shares of the society v:ere not registered, according to Illinois lav;, in the correct classification v;itb the Secretary of State, Louis Emraerson - 2 - HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Mar. 25, 1921. Harris F. Williams, substituting for the State's attorney, did not find it necessary to re-register the issued and sold shares, but he maintained that the issued shares which have not as yet been sold, should be re-class- ified and re-registered from Class A to D, although a dollar for dollar security is shown. After the attorneys for both sides had been heard, the judge decided that the stockholders had been treated Justly when their shares were placed in Class "A"f Had the shares been in Class "D", and sold as Class **A'*, then the society would have been guilty of violating the law. TJiat the society is functioning on a secure and reliable basis', is best shown by the fact that the society enjoys the patronage of one hundred forty, stores and more than 93^000 members* 1i I D 2 b HUiro^iRIM Magyar Tribune, March 11, 1921. .4. l:i:ttj:r to Tii3 editor FROM LOUIS IIlGY OF THS C00r^a.Tr\r2 SOCIiilTY OF ALliRICa De:^r Editor: Recently, your paper ^jublished an article regirding the Cooperative Society of --jnerica and its functions. In reply to this, I v/ould like tp make some additions. Since its • Organization two years ago, we have v/aged battles against price increases in such a manner as to make ^Durchases directly from the growers. In this way, we avoided the profits of the middleman and oth^r ch^rj-es. Six thousand members vjith one hundred tv;enty- three businesses enjoy the better quality of goods at che-^per prices reaeived through the society, after all, the consumers should be satisfied. The consuiier is as much entitled to the savings as he is to cuality. If all things, such as labor and taxes, are taken into consideration prices should be lower^ because as allied growers, all their products are produced on their own grounds, iis a matter of fact, the steel mills manufacture their o m 1, 4^ I D 2 b - 2 - HOri^JSARIAN I D 1 a Magyar Tribune , March 11, 1921. requirements on their own grounds, and they do not try to cut down taxes* %ey try to please the workers, and therefore, get better results. To help business conditions in Chicago, five million, dollars was offered as a loan for building construction. Steps are being taken to accept this offer. In other words, the Society is always on the lookout to provide work and decent homes in Chicago. Action is most important, and not too much talk. If you wish to know of more details, Mr. Editor, or any reader, please forward your inquiries with complete confidence to the Foreign depart- ment. Room 928, Consumer's Building, Chicago, Illinois. • Respectfully yours, Lajos. kj 1-^ IV p. ^ ';vc Q n.! .n, - > !• ATTITUDES D» Economic Organization 2. Labor Organization and Activities c. Unecrploymant I D 2 c HUNa^IOAIT II D 1 I G Llagyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), I.Iay 19, 1935. I H TO ALL HUl>rQi\RLlN AS30CIATI01>B OF A:vi:ZRICA Brother I.lerabers: The time has come when we have to put aside all our petty differences and come together to debate on our problems and find some solution to our common troubles* o *^->j c^ For four yeoiTs our members have been suffering the ravages of the crisis. o> Like all other Lnmigrant groups, we, tco, are stricken by universal un- ^ employment, lack of money, loss of our homes, farms, and savings and have to face the sinister ogre of a prospectless future, and a sad old age. This crisis has shaken up the foundations of even the biggest institutions. It was only the generous help extended by the governraont which averted the I D 2 C - 2 - HUNGARIAN II D 1 I G Llagyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), May 19, 19oo, I H collapse of several insurance cor.ipanias. If these giants with their hundreds of millions have been shaken, it is no v/onder if the smaller associations find themselves thrown about like so many shells on the stormy ^ sea of the present crisis. ^'^ r — The devaluation of bonds, the loss of savings, the advance in years of our members, not to mention unemployment, are setting aLmost unsolvable problems before our associations. In spite of loans and of postponements granted our members to pay their dues, the number of those who have ceased to be our members or who are about to lose their membership amounts to several thousands. As there exists no other social security', these members lose their sole support in case of sickness or death. A^at will become of our associations, whose future was already gloomy'' enough in consequence of the closing of immigration? Is there any solution in this crisis, is there any other outlet besides the one of striking 'XJ CO cr -^ I D 2 c - 3 - HUI^IaARIAIT II D 1 I G I.Iag:.^r Tribune (Hunsarian Tribune), May 19, 1933. I H unemployed members off our rolls? Yes, there is, if v/e all look together for it. Just as the small home avners and farmers, so oeui. the members of our associations expect help from the -^ government, provided a mass movement is set in motion to support this action. ^ Just as the members of the associations of other nationalities, so have we ^^ Hungarians the right and duty to combine to protect our interests. p" V/e have Jhe right to expect from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, o v;hich has aided the insurance companies and American lodges with hundreds of '^ millions, to come to the aid of our Hunf-arian associations too. This, to^^ether ho v;ith the foundation of branches for joint medical care, hospitalization, sana- toriums, and tiirough creation of unemployment funds in our associations, be- sides other needed steps, will enable us to keep all our members and thus save our associations from disaster. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_^^^^ i I D 2 c II D 1 I G I H - 4 - HDIJaiRL^II Magyar Tribune (Ilun.'^arian Tribune), Hay 19, 1933. At the saine time we have to take a stand on the question of social security by the State. It is the duty of society, in the first place, to care for the unemployed and for those who are unable to support themselves on account of old age, physical disability, or any other reason. ^ The Hungarian associations too, have to demand aid for the poor, the ^ distribution thereof to be made through them. -^ i — Besides the ever increasing miser\'', there is another dark cloud hanging over us — the swiftly approaching cloud of v/ar. V/ith cries for new markets g and for and against revision of treaties, imr is getting under v;ay — a war of •""; which the workers and the little man will be the victims again, just as in ;^ 1914-18. V/ith war will come the rise of Fascism and other isms. Hitler and i^ the Fascists are shedding the blood of those who refuse to bend before them — the v/orkers, the people of the middle class, and the Jews. 7/e have to do something against the ever increasing danger of war and Fascism. "c I D 2 C - 5 - HDITGARIAI-I II D 1 I G Magyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), May 19, 1933. I H These conditions are not exclusively European. Vfe the immigrants have felt thera heavily here in America too. Discrimination against immigrants is found in the shop, in the distribution of relief, and in proposals of patriotic organizations and politicans of America, that demand their re- gistration, fingerprinting, and deportation. Is there any way to defend ourselves against all this? Certainly, there isl If we get organized and join forces with the ilmerican workers, farmers, and little man, then we, too, can expect results. It is high time for our hundreds of thousands of Hungarians to unite for the defense of their common interests. Let us put aside our petty old differences and, with joined forces, seek a v/ay out. The undersigned Hungarian-Americans, though belonging to different organizations are ready to act jointly, and are calling all leaders of societies — sick benefit, church, workers', cultural, sport, singing, amateur, etc., as well as inter- association committees and national and district leaders — to send their dele- I D 2 c - 6 - HUI'IGhRIAN II D 1 I G Magyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), lHaj 19, 1933. I H gates to the meetings of the Hungarian-American Associations to be held on June 23, 24, and 25 at the Hungarian Home in Chicago • The meeting will begin Friday, June 23, at three o'clock in the afternoon. ^ ' The meeting on Fridaj'' evening v/ill be open to the public. Saturday evening ^ is reserved for the guests to see the Vforld's Fair. "f r — Come to Chicago for those days to seek salvation for our institutions and g to join our forces for that purpose. Those wishing to participate should £ report their intention to the Central Bureau of the Co.iimittee for Preparation, ^ 458 V/est North Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. Co.Timittee for Preparation. I D 2 c I D 1 a I F 6 v. lIULGARl/ii\i Lagyar 'l^ibune , Oct. 23, 1931. K/xVE m xvLL l;kgci.i£ ii.a^s? (Editorial by Iwartin Himler) It looks as if everyone in this country is slightly insane Something nev/ happened here tv/o years ago. The social order's economic machinery has collapsed. The hoarded billions derived from mass production were not redistributes fairly amone'- the people because the machinery owners did not allov/ it, and, as a result, the wheels of the machinery stopped. And no genius of the capitalistic social order can maice the wheels go until it is acknov/ledged that the system must be changed. They do not v/^nt to admit that they are facing an economic revolution rather than an ordinary economic depression. Naturally, all our sages, millionaires, and DOliticians recommend different remedies to end the panic, but up to the present no one has been 'ailing or has had courage enough to admit that a new deal for the v/orkers is v/hat is needed to end the depression i I D 2 C - 2 - IjLNGAHLUn; I D 1 a I F 6 Iviagyar Tribune , Oct. 23, 1931. I E Even those v;ho have been forced out ol' v7ork by the hi^-h efficiency requirements /of nodern industr^7 have a ri^ht to live, although this fact may not be to the liking of the ruling class And, since the unemployed cannot make a living out of the frequent promises of prosperity or out of the President's promises, bread must be provided for them in some manner. Not much bread but just enough so that their stomachs will not be entirely empty, because a man on an empty stomach will face a bayonet in desperation. Therefore, great public conferences are being conducted in an endeavor to fig\ire out a way to provide bread for the hungry, ragged millions of the unemployed. •••• The '*great engineer" who sits in the V/hite House and who is a multimillionaire has all sorts of plans, and talks about the rugged individualism of Americans««.«.In his speech at Indianapolis he proposed a "twenty-year program" I D 2 c - 3 - HUNGA.RIAi>i Magyar Tribune , Oct. 23, 1931. I D 1 a I F 6 I E and promised his audience that in twenty years, if this program is followed, prosperity and happiness will be our lot. The only thing Hoover failed to think of is where the unemployed will get their next meal However, we have in our midst politicians and statesmen who are endov/ed with a greater degree of social sense than our "great engineer," and we would expect them to have a broader understanding of the problem. Everyone considers Roosevelt, governor of New York, the great Democratic leader who wishes to be our next president, such a man. Roosevelt is the hope of the liberals. The citizens have not been altogether disappointed in Roosevelt He advocates raising the taxes on the rich by fifty per cent. If our government would follow this example, every needy person could be taken care of .... . After these healthy recommendations, Roosevelt also deviated from the path of sanity. Because he is campaigning for the presidency, he assured the V I D 2 c - 4 - HUKGA.RIAH I D 1 a I F 6 Magyar Tribune , Oct. 23, 1931. I E capitalists that they need not be afraid of drastic action if he becomes the next tenant of the White House. Roosevelt lied v/hen he said that the unemployed would be given v/ork. ken on relief are ordered to parks and roads, v;here they idle av/ay the time in superfluous work. Real v;ork will not be ci'^^n the reliefers; the contractors ?7ill ^et the real v/ork so that our Doliticians can have their graft ^,7e becin to believe that Roosevelt is ri^:ht v;hen he asserts that only the weak-minded Z'.n6. backward people are out of v/ork. If it v/ere not so, if nomal, intelligent, sane, conscious .-'jnerican citizens w^ere suffering hard- ships in this land of milk and honey, such remedies as v/ork relief could not be offered. It seems from the foregoinc that v/e all are becoirdnr; more or less deranged mentally. I D 2 c HUNa^LJ\ I I D E 1 a Magyar Tribune , Oct. 16, 1931. HOOTTCR'S PPasPIuRITY PLiJ\I (Editorial by Martin Benedek) The people of ^raerica are Wc^iting breathlessly for the results of Hoover* s newest plan, with which he desires to solve the economic crisis and end this accursed depression President Hoover, after much deliberation, called together the majority and minority leaders of the House and the Senate and acquainted them with his plan, asking their approval.*.. The plan is Imown to our readers. Its basic principle is to infuse the country* s banking institutions with new life and to save the smaller banks from collapse. The fact is that if Hoover would have come forward with this plan a year ago, it v/ould have helped solve the economic crisis and would have even brought back prosperity in a small measure. At that time some of us still had money in the bank, and the infusion would have helped to bring about the desired I D 2 c I D 1 a I E results - 2 - ;yar Tribime , Oct. 16, 1931* HUNGARIAN However, we believe that it is too late nov/ for this plan to do any good... In the past year hundreds of banks closed their doors, burying the savings of thousands, which in turn added to the army of those whose buying power has diminished to zero... ••The depression will not be over until the people again will have buying pov/er.... This serious economic depression is not only an American crisis; it is also connected v;ith the v;orld economic crisis that is at the throat of all i.ith its threat of strangulation. If we look at the iimerican situation from a broader point of view, we can see that our internal problem cannot be separated from the international question •••• The most important thing is to restore the confidence of the public Nor is the world economic crisis alone to be blamed for wholesale unemploy- ment. The development of machines, v/hich created a small group of million- aires and a huge army of unemployed, is also responsible. This situation I D 2 c - 3 - HUNGARIAN I D 1 a I E Magyar Tribune . Oct. 16, 1931. cannot be remedied through the banks, because it requires a radical change in the economic system of America, This situation can only be remedied by limiting production and by securing a more equitable distribution of this v;orld*s goods • This is the only way this coiintry can extricate itself out of the chaos in which it is suffering. President Hoover's plan may ease the situation temporarily, but it cannot bring about a permanent cure. I D 2 C HUNaARIAN I D 2 a (2) I D 1 a Magyar Tribune , Sept» 18, 1931» I E I H CaaSAT POLITICAL ORATORY (Editorial) It is €ui accepted general American custom that whenever there is a holiday gathering, our politicians, one after the other, take the platform and make flowing speeches; and usually they evade any serious problem, limiting their topics to political ballyhoo • Last week, on Labor Day, there was no lack of oratory. However, the tone of the speeches was radically different from the usual cut and dried political phraseology* The chief point of interest is that all the orators chose the same topic. All the speeches were about the present terrible unemployment situation and each orator concluded, that something must be done to remedy the situation* •« However, not one of the orators held out a ray of hope that the depression Z,'^^ v.^\ 1 I D 2 c - 2 - HDNGARIAM I D 2 a (2) \^ I D 1 a Magyar Tribune . Sept. 18, 1931* I E I H will be over soon and that prosperity is around the comer, as they heretofore always insisted* ' On the contrary, each orator depicted the present situation in the darkest colors and said that there is no relief in sight; furthermore, they asserted that, if anything, conditions will become worse Unemployment in recent times has reached such proportions that it is un- necessary to exaggerate, because facts speak for themselves and because it is also impossible to conceal the figures* The situation today is not only serious, but positively critical* The above is acknowledged not only by the radical element, but by the staunch supporters of the capitalistic system***** Among others. Senator Borah said, ''If you wealthy people will not volunteirlly feed the hungry unemployed this winter, they will force you to do your duty* I D 2 c I D I D I E I H 2 a 1 a (2) - 3 - Magyar Tribune , Sept. 18, 1931« HUNGAR There is no €J.temative for you, because there is enough food in the warehouses. You have money; therefore you must give* If you refuse to give, the time will come when your wealth will be taken from you against your will." Even Senator Borah admonishes the privileged class, who are the masters to- day..... All the orators agree that the present system is antiquated, that it is nec«- essary to substitute a new one. Nevertheless, it seems that they ceuinot get used to the idea and rise above the system into which they were bom. This becomes apparent from the unsound, insecure plans offered by them for the solution of the problem. Seemingly they all acknowledge the seriousness of the situation; they all see the injustice in the fact that millions must go hungry in a country where comfort, luxury, and wealth surround them. But when plans to solve the problem are brought to the fore, the quick flame of enthusiasm dies down and words stick in their throats Suddenly they get frightened by reforms such as unemployment insurance, \ I D 2 c - 4 - HDNGARIAN I D 2 a (2) I D 1 a Magyar Tribune , Sept# 18, 1931« I E I H taxation of the wealthy , old age pensions, and similar radical steps* Most of them would like to avoid all reforms by temporary relief action, alms, and gifts, although they know that even at best this will relieve the situation only for a short while. Even the president of the iUnerican Federation of Labor does not fight for new laws that would assure iinemplojrment insurance and old age pensions to the workers. He only warns the government that such lav/s will become neces- sary if a less radical solution is not found soon for diminishing the number of unemployed In conclusion, we can perceive that in all the speeches, a feeling of un- easiness and fri^t, a foreboding of danger are apparent; but the brave, true, sincere tone which would demand a solution and point to the right direction is missing...*. It is time for united cmd serious action, not mere words, so that this dis- turbing situation may be solved, because the zero hour is rapidly approach- ing. I D 2 c I H Otthon, ^ug. 23 J 1931. ■w^ -.V liJLIEF FOR T:-\] ITI::u..:FLOYJD ^^w:'>r ^^3^ .\^ p.l» The flo^vers are still blooming and the poor can bask in the sunshine, but the coming cold v/inter is h^-ralded bv v;inds i.nd. nfia.kes our fnourhts turn to the future.This future does not promise anything; rrood, * obody believes in the fairy story of "prosperity is just around the corner^; hut for years the public labored under this delusion. Social or'^e.nizations are n(r: deb'tinn; the advisability of giving at leest crumbs to the ariy of unemployed, if it is not possible to give them a ^hole loaf of bread. To us in r*merica it is of no* solace to knov; that in Ihirope conditions are still worse. That ^ve are living in the 'vcrld's richest country does not appease our hunger, n. slice of bread in Jurope may bo s.ialler, but more proportionate and the government t^kes care of its citizens and does not let the'i starve. In the United States charity is practiced by private organizations and social institutions. '.Tie best known charity or^^anization is the Gom.aunity Chest, kept up by public contributions. 9* - 2 - Qtthon, Aug. 23, 1931. The Federal govern-nent at the sup;f^Hstion of President Hoover is still hesita to p;ive official relief. lore and more congrersraen and senators have raised their voices in the rnatter. Dr. ./:a. I. Snovich, Deiocratjc congress-nan, vrho is an Hungarian by birth has recently asked Congresr- for aid for seven million unemployed. .»e consider it very important that Chicago Hungarian organizations follow the -r».aerican or^^anizations ' example and unite in a charity crive. It is a well-knov/n fact th!:vt the foreif^ners are the less favored ones in receiving aid fro^a public charities • The Saint ot^^phen Lociety has recognized the ur>;:ent need of the people and has already arre-n,r;;ed a benefit affair for the aid of the uneraployed. ^e have heard that the Burnside Roman Catholic Church of Cur Lady o^ 'unwary is also cortea- plating a benefit party. Their efforts deserve our commendation, but v/e think that individual attempts at allev^'atin'; the suffering are futile. The only v/ay to help our needy countrymen is to unite all Chicago 1 ungarian organizations in this effort. I D 2 c III G IIUNaAniM La^^yar Tribune , r'eb, 13, 1931. TO E.n..iaRA!TI'3 oEJlCING ^.1PL071.CNT (Editorial) The economic crisis at the present tine is doubly critical for the immigrants of .America, The I'^oreirm Lan^-ua^e Information Service, in the thirteen years of its existence, has anrr.vered untold thousands of ouestions pertaining to the problems of the immigrants, but up to the present time no question was more difficult to ans\*jer than that of the unemployment situation. V/e are confronted with this serious problem: what shall the Lmm.igrart do v/ho speaks no iCnf^lish and has a fxiily to support, and v/ho is afraid to apply to the State Employment Agency because he may be deported? Even in normal times the immi/^rant who -speaks no English has a difficult time looking for employment, but no7/ when native citizens, too, are without jobs and are v/alkinc the streets, and v/hen most factories require that one have at least his first papers, it is alxiost hopeless There is truth in the old sayinp; that one x^;orks hardest v/hen one is un- ■,:< I D S c - 2 - HUlNiaARIiMNf III a IvIaCT'ar Tribune , Seh. 13, 1931* employed. Those people ?/ho have saved a little money* try to find work before all the savings are f^one. But the lot of one v/ho has no money vrhatsoever is pitiful because he has to worry about where he can get bread for his family, './e don*t mean bread in a metaphorical sense, or bread for tomorrow, but literally for dinner. Unfortunately we cannot give concrete information as to V7hen and where the immigrant can get emnloyment; all v:e can do is to give advice, so that it will be a little easier for the imraigrant seeking employment •... • V/hat is the most important thing for one v/ho seeks employment to observe? First of all he must try to come in contact viith as many people as possible •..•He must look up his society and his union^ Furthermore, he should register at several commercial employnent agencies and at the recently onened free employment agencies. Many skilled workers feel that they must v7ork only at their trade^ In these I D 2 c III a - 3 - T-'n.rryar Tribune, Veh. 13, 1931. IIUIiflAI^IAIT »^^ troubled tines this is tlie v/romj; attitude,... V'/hen \70 anDl"'' for a lob let us not oriDhasize the fact that xve need it badly: rather let us show our ability to fill it nroperly. The ^Anerican emiolo^rer is interested prinarily in the applicant's nualifications. Let UG be careful v/hen v:e ansv/er the classified adr^. It must be adj.aitted that iiany thousands have found jobs throu'^h the classified ads, but it is also true that there are soi'ie unscrupulous peoale v/ho take advantare of the unfortunate situation of the job-seeker and rob hii!i of )iis few remainin;r^ dollars. This is usually practised or forei'-iners. . . . rn Today larp;er factories have their ov/n enplo^^nient office and old employees should annlT at these nlaces first.... If the iimii :";rant cannot sneak ii]np:lish he should have soneone sneak for hin. .... I D 2 c HUNOARIAN I D 1 a I E Magyar Tribune , Feb. 6, 1931. I H Vnmn 7/ILL THj31E be E^IPLOYTiBNT? (Editorial by /pr. Sriio7 Lowinger) !&rtin Himler is one of the brainiest journalists in Magyar America, and his article — which can be found on another page in this issue — deserves to be read attentively and that we should discuss it in this editorial. The topic of which he writes is extremely important and an actuality in all of our lives. Naturally, the publishing of the article does not mean that we agree one hundred per cent with its point of vie?; and that we accept its analysis. V/e respect Himler 's sincere and brave words, we applaud his sense of social justice, but he colors his conclusions with pessimistic hues and viev/s the future in dark colors. Even concrete facts and events can be easily interpreted in several ways, and prophecies or presentiments can be presented from an individual point of view by an adept journalist. I D 2 C I D 1 a I E I H - 2 - Magyar Tribune, Feb. 6, 1931 HUNGARIAN Let us comment on the present economic crisis and on Martin Himler»s question "V;hen Will There Be V/ork?'^ from oxir angle* ^idently, the past two months and the next two months will see the depth, the bottom of this economic depression* In a few years, a more accurate description will be given by the economic barometer. Probably the all-time low will be in December 1930* But when we live in an era of crisis, the doubters, the pessimists, and the shortsighted fall into deep despair; they prophesy utter ruin.... they attempt revolution, moan and think of the worst. This is the time when sanity, cold calculation, ability to face the future, discipline, and a thorough weighing of consequences and possibilities are necessary. I D 2 C I I E I H D 1 a - 3 - Magyar Tribxme, Feb. 6, 1931. HDNGARIAIT Jilxtreme optimism, foolish hopes, the belief in sure success are unfor- tunate and dangerous. A calm weighing of the past, investigating facts circumspectly and, of the two ma^giified possibilities choosing the middle course, will in all probability lead us in the right direction. In the present serious crisis, too, vie can draw our conclusions for the future from Uvo outstanding important circumstances, -'e accept Martin Himler*s assertion (although we think he exaggerates) that capital is the unlimited master of society and countries. Capital is usually represented by banks, financial institutions, and the stock markets. It is also generally known that in the stock markets and in financial institutions, the depression Is felt to a dangerous degree. Naturally, this is an artificial, manufactured result — smart tactics on the part of big capital..... Although this is despicably unjust from the viewpoint of the ordinary I D 2 c I D I S I H 1 a - 4 - Lflagyar Tribune > Feb. 6, 1931. HUNGLIRIAN citizen or the worker, the fact is that this is the method of manipula- tion of big capital. This is their cure for the seriously ill society. It is purely a matter of time — we can say a relatively short time — ^when capital will become active a^ain and will bring circulation back by degrees to rigid economic life..... The greatest commercial and industrial concerns of America — in other words, capital — are gravitating toward gradual industrial democracy and even persuade the workers to buy stocks under favorable conditions. This is a clever and purposeful tactic. Through democracy, men and women are invested with political rights which gradually will bring about the more equal distribution of wealth It is the stupidity, indifference, and inertia of the voters that is at I D 2 c I I 3 I H D 1 a - 5 - !:{agyar Tribune > Feb* 6, 1931 HKIOARIAN fault in the slow progress of a more equal distribution of wealth. However, no one should think that those billions of dollars lying idle in banks, financial institutions, and industry v/ill remain so for long or that the f^onerals of big capital will allow unemplojnnent and business depression to persist without doing anything about it. The most simple-minded man, with an elementary education, knows that this unemployment situation — the starving people of Arkansas, Cklahoma, Chicago, and New York — is the most fertile soil and the best opening for fanatical experimentation and the outbreak of hostilities on the part of the dissatisfied population. But American capital does not want this to happen. American capital will not commit suicide. Its past of a hxmdred years proves the contrary. Just as it will provide food, clothing, and housing, it will provide employment too. I D 2 c I D 1 a I E I H - 6 - Magyar Tribune , Feb. 6, 1931 • HUNGARIAN At this time capital is gathering strength for a new era. It needs this lengthy rest Already two important symptoms are apparent which foretell the end of the crisis. ... .As we have been suffering from the depression for a year and a half, a quick recovery is not anticipated, and employment will not be available for millions of people this year. The beginning of employment for all will be gradual and will start in the most vital branches of industry. Me believe that the number of the unemployed will diminish this spring, but within a year or two, in 1932, the number of the unemployed will be at normal, and even if we will not have loud-noised prosperity, we will have enough opportunities for work. In such a powerful industrial and farming country as the United States, I D 2 c I D I E I H - 7 - HDNGARIAN 1 a Magyar Tribime , Feb. 6, 1931 • where machinery causes such drastic changes every year for industrial workers and farmers alike, there is bound to be and there always is a great number of unemployed Undoubtedly, there are several weighty problems unsolved and these retard economic prosperity, but we do not believe that the i^erican citizens will consider applying the teachings of Marx to their troubles or will make an issue of this at the next election. For oratorical effect the injustice of the unequal distribution of wealth will often be heard in cajapaign speeches because it is a sore spot to all of us. Nevartheless, we think that less radical thoughts will be upper- most in the minds of the voters when they have recuperated from the effects of this depression. They will again dream of six- or eight-cylinder automobiles and will discuss Prohibition. This is our conception of the futurel I D 2 c I D I E I H - 8 - HUiraAHLAN 1 a Magyar Tribune , Feb. 6, 1931. We would like to dwell briefly on the fact that although the philosophy and physiology of capital is identical internationally, its tactics, methods, and instruments differ. In England and in Germany, capital has to contend with problems different from those in America..... America is not independent of international problems, but neither is it wholly dependent upon them. Although it would be very important and profitable that peace and order prevail in other parts of the world, to put at least half of our five million unemployed to work the internal problems of the United States have to be remedied gradually, with the timely co-operation of big capital only. Neither ^iJngland nor Germany could do this. Our conclusion is that in time external problems will be solved either peacefully or otherwise, and this will have a beneficial effect on the American economic situation. I D 2 c I D 1 a I ^ I H - 9 - Magyar Tribune . Feb. 6, 1931. HDNG.:indv In spite of the f-^ct that lack of balance betv/een production and consumption may mean catac^trophe, la:.r^in/;^ statesmen — the German P.athenau, the x^'rencliman Lillerand, and our ovt. Hoover — said, that production must be increased, • . • . It must be admitr.od and never for^-otten that just as cold can only be counter- acted ^'ith iieat, so overaroduction can onlv be balanced by increased consumn- tion. 'The sooner tliis is clear to our statesiien, the sooner the number of unemnloyod v;ill diminish. The country that re^aizes this the soonest will be ^, ;, the first one to recunerate. iiSKS^iKX^M I D g c I D 1 a HUNaARTAF Otthon, Feb. 9, 1950. ILLINOIS CrlMTRAL'S BUHNSIDS PLAMT CLOSES Floyd H. Ways, Superintendent of ths Burnside plant of the Illinois Central, announced that the company is unable to re-employ the workers who were recently laid off. The freight cars will not be repaired in the Burnside shops, because the company has a better-equipped plant at Centralia. As more and more electric engines are taking the place of the steam enf^ines, the company will soon close the Burnside plant altogether. I!r. Mays explained that the company regrets having to lay off so many men, but assured them that the company will try to employ some of them elsewhere. Those workers who have been unable to find other employment or are physically handi- capped may fill out a request for a pension. In view of the importance of this statement we immediately contacted ?.!r. Fisher, who said that the layoffs are due to bad business conditions, but that he hopes to re-employ the workers as soon as conditions improve. Co - 2 - mm^im Otthon, Feb. 9, 1950. We hope to bring good news soon to the hundreds of Hungarians who have lost their jobs* m I D 2 c I D 1 a HUTTGAHIM Magyar Tribune , Nov. 15, 1929. HOOVER AI-D A!'!H:HICi\i: PROSFilRTTY by (Dr. Emo) Lowinger 7/e wish to make clear that the purpose of this editorial is not reproach, not political partisanship, but educational. We have been writing about these historical and economic facts often in the past ten years. .... A year ago, the majority of voting citizens elected Hoover, as President Coolidge's successor. President Hoover took over his responsible position nearly nine months ago His slogan against the Democratic candidate was that the Republican regime means prosperity and plenty of work. I D 2 c - 2 - Hin-^GARIM I D 1 a ?.!agyar Tribune, Nov. 15, 1929. At this time we would like to ask those v/ho voted for Hoover whether these f-^ li*pi o'l promises.. ..were kept. Is there prosperity today,...? \^_ :; For weeks, public opinion has been worr3anf? about the p^reat economic crisis. On the Stock Sxchance, unparalleled losses are ruining American industrial and commercial values. This situation v/as brought about by long months of economic stagnation and industrial overproduction, v;hich caused insane speculation on the Tew York and Chicago stock markets The insane speculation is at an end, but the complete crash, v/hich began on October 20, is not yet over. It could be imagined what reproaches the newspapers, organs of VJall Street, would bring against Alfred Smith if he were President now, when there is such I D 2 C - 3 - -HUmCrARlM: I D 1 a Magyar Tribune, Nov. 15, 1929. ^^^'''^^'^x panic on the Stock Exchange, such unemployment and business apathy in the f*^ \ix\K ^' whole country \^, ^ Q' Any enlightened individual knows that political parties, Republican or Demo- crat, have little or nothing to do with prosperity or depression. There was no perceptible difference on economic matters between Hoover* s and Smith* s platforms, but the Republican partisans advertised that under Hoover we will bathe in milk and butter and under Smith we will have depression. Today we have the answer. According to eminent economists, prosperity in the United States is brought about by the natural resources which have not been used up because the country is not overpopulated ; the intelligence and energy of the workers; a great domes- tic market; ample capital and credit; and education of the public to understand advertising and to buy advertised products, v/hich will increase wages and profits I T) 2 c - 4 - HUT^GARIAIT I D 1 a LTagyar Tribune , Nov. 15, 1929. Just because there is depression now does not mean that it will continue under Hoover's administration. However, it does mean that the wonderful times .-'^— -<^ promised to certain individuals who worked for Hoover's election did not /^" ^\ materialize. f- Voters should mark this in their memories and, if in 1932 the same -oromises are made to them, they should remind the politicians of the humbug of 1929 and 1930 It is hi(Th time for us Hungarians, too, to learn that during election campaigns, when loud-mouthed Republican partisans make promises, /we should/ not take them at tneir word Let us show i:hat we are not so ignorant as to accept the Republican Darrots' chattering as the truth in the 1932 Presidential year. I D 2 c I E HDNGARIAN /■: i . : • ■* f - \ Magyar Tribune . Feb, 4, 1927. I WANT St^lPLOYMENT by Ignatz Izsak (Editorial) We often hear from life's tired warriors that work is a burden, but, nevertheless, we always think of xinemployment with fear. The whole world thinks of America as the home of work, where all who want to work need never be unemployed. In spite of this we noticed the other day in Chicago's Loop, one of America's growing and throbbing metropolises, men with children in their arms, carry- ing placards with this surprising inscription: "I want employment!" We were astounded at this hitherto unfamiliar sight and asked ourselves whether anything like this was possible in happy America! •■-. I D 2 c - 2 - HUN5AHIAN /^ "% I E />, . , ''y\ Magyar Tribiine, Feb. 4, 1927. \ c But yes, it is possible. America, in spite of being as wealthy as Croesus, is subjected to the fluctuating laws of production and consumption as is the poorest country. Especially Chicago, whose population increases by tens of thousands of transients from the north woods and mining regions, during the winter months, cannot absorb this floating surplus. However, these people are also entitled to live and work! La Fargue, the eccentric author, wrote a book in which he expounds the theory that man has the right to be lazy. If La Fargue were only right and if we could still breathe the carefree and idle air of paradisel It is too bad that we had to leave because of the serpent whose representa- tives of today still make their tongue felt. The immortal book of Madach says: T^Ian! Struggle and hope I" a-^" <,. t I D 2 c - 3 - HDNGARIAN I E / Magyar Tribune , Feb. 4, 1927. f ' Intellectuals and laborers are participating equally in the struggle. If, therefore, we must all struggle, then we all have the right to work. And if anything or anyone hinders the use of nen^s hands, then something is fundamentally wrong. The great Lincoln said that all those who are born to this life have a right to insure their happiness through work. Accumulation of wealth, which places the power of giving employment in the hands of a few families, brings catastrophe nearer by leaps and bounds. On one side we see insane waste, and on the other poverty and the shadow of future unemployment. As a temporary solution we advocate public works by the states, which would act as a reservoir for those working hands not employed by private industry. The other solution would be the control of the accumulation of wealth. I D 2 c I S - 4 - Magyar Tribune , Feb. 4, 1927. HONGARIAK The government should handle the surplus wealth and thus give the oppor- tunity to_Jiave such work done which would put a stop to the aforementioned sight. Editor's note: Men walking with "I want employment" signs^ History repeats itself I If statesmen and the lords of wealth in their blindness won*t see and understand such events, they have only themselves to blame. ..-.<. \ I D 2 c iiULTavr^iiT II B 2 d (1) I.:a;-^ar Tribune , ooDt. 26, 1924. II D 10 II D 1 HUlTa.JcLJ: inOTH-.:uLY LOl/3 I C Please ("rive This -. Thounjit. I K (Editorial) I II The chcmp;e in econoiiiic conditions in tho United otates h:^3 naturally brow;^t ..c^'^-'^r;^ about some very difricult situations. Those conditions have affected the /j'^ ^\ Ilunsaritm Morkinr. T)eoi:>le just as the?/ h:iv3 affocted the rest of the nation. ; :, ■i'p^, ^i Tlie present unenplo^nieiit situation h'ls hanied thousands of Ilujir-arirtns. '- , ^/ y In the first place, tl.cre are those v;ho have not been in tiiis country veirr lonp: and, therefore, they have not established thenselves in industiy, duo to their lack of sufficient service; there are those v:ho bolon ; in the cor.inon laborin: class, those v;ho do not have u trado of caiy kind; then there are those vdio have little or no anbition :aid naturvully :ire not vranted by industry. It is an absolute fact that there are thousa:ids of ITunfjarians in Ohica.;::o v:lio aTe unenployed and v;ho ..re ;;:oin • hun ;iy« .^ter these unfortunate, breavdless I'unjarians have •:one to the linit of their I D 3 c - 2 - HDITGARIi\M II B 2 a (1) II D 10 T.Iafryar Tribtine. Sept. 26, 1924. II D 1 I C credit, v;hich does not t-alce Ions, they then are left destitute, I K corjion bec^ars. I K Can you visu-^lise v;hc.t a torriblo situation it is, ''hen an abso- lutely nomal person nust resort to bo::£:in>:^ in a foreirTJi country? This fact is not iiria-'inar:;' because tiie i:unr;-.\ri'jn be. x o ^ I D 2 c - 6 - HCJKa.^HL.■'■' II B 2 d II D 10 II D 1 I G I K I H i-^iv: (1) Magyar Tribune > 3ept, 23, 1924* city streets. It is sorrowfiil, but we are satisfied that this is true. In the olden days, v/hen the Austrian-Hungarian Empire existed, the Consul saw to it that aid was received from that govemnent, because they had sufficient funds set aside for this purpose. It is useless to wait for such aid from the Hungarian Consul. Poverty is reigning in Hungary and it seems that they themselves will need help. V/e are left here alone to do this charitable v:ork. VJe must bring this movement to life with our own strength, and start the ^lovk anew* This nev/spaper, keeping the interest of all Hungarians at heart, can be depend- ed upon for a helping hand in promoting such a noble idea, but we v/ill expect those Hungarians who knov; the value of this movement to help promote the idea and keep it from dying. y I D 2 c i. v-r " rrTx.ir^ ..:>t t,t L'aryar Tribune , June 13, 1919. A oLOJ Crii.:-^'' -r J (>]fiitorial) Recently, the v/orlcin;- conditions in the ^."^nited 3tates have turned from bad to v/orse. The cost of living has not been reduced, in- stead, it iias becQ:?ie hi'-her, and the nuinber of une^iployed has be- coLie greater .vith the return of the Soldiers from overseas. For this reason uneiriplo^/ment in this country has really becoiie a serious question. The United States, previous to the V/ar, was very happy and blossoninr: as a .^-reat consumin,^: country. It produced cheaply, and it consumed lavishly. - 2 - iroiTGARIAK I.Iagyar Tribune , June 13, 1919. The V/ar brought about a great export business in the United States, and nov; that peace is about to come, this export business is falling. Consequently, unemployment is increasing. The true purpose of the '.7orld 7/ar has not been realized as yet, nor have we felt its effects. V/hat has happened in Europe in the past five years we know very little about. The effects of the V/ar are greater than the .Var itself. The shattered morale, the horrors of hunger, the cessation of industrial life, the transportation systems being ruined, the transportation centers demolished, and the financial status of the countries, are the factors that have put Europe in a — o •■ HTOTaARLAN Fagyar Tribiine , June 13, 1919. more precarious spot than the ^Var itself, We cannot compare this VJar with any other of the past# For that reason, we should not corapare the effects of the present and past .Vars. The hardships of today are altogether different from what they were after the Napoleonic V/ars. Since the Napoleonic V/ars, the industries of both the United States and Europe have been goin,^ through a stage of development. Social life is also a great deal different today than it was a hundred years ago. During the Napoleonic V/ars, the population of Europe was only one hundred seventy-five million, while today, the population is over four hundred million. For example, we take England. This country has the y . ,^ — -v^, s*.__ (^^ .\ V • ■• r. - 4 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Jiine 13, 1919. most dense population of any European country. Here, the population averages about seven hundred people to the square mile. Agricultural activities in England are negligible. Only the small gardens of individual home owners are cultivated. In order that these people survive, they must keep up their industries in full operation at all times. During the past twenty-five years, England has been the master of international trade, vAiich was due to the fact that her labor was very cheaply done. But in more recent times, the cost of living has gone up, while the wages remained the same. Consequently, the average man did not earn enough to buy the ordinary necessities of life. ^ /^. • - I « ; r 5 . . ^ , . . U r^ C i '. » - ' • • . .--■. :■ - 5 - xiUNGARIM IJagyar Tribune , June 13, 1919 It happens today that the government of England nust build a million nev; homes, and the money for these homes is to be taken out of the treasury of England. If the earning pov;er of the people of Europe is cut do\%n to little or nothing, then England* s industries can not purchase food and raw materials, For this reason, the future of England hinges on the future of Europe. .rOid if this uncertainty continues much longer, the people will emigrate from England or else, go into agriculture for a livelihood, which vjould impair the future of England. France, also, has a great deal of trouble. The cost of the government operation alone there is twenty-two million francs a year. But their •n- .V ./» - 6 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , June 13, 1919 • greatest trouble lies in their industrial world. The largest part of their factories were ruined by the 7/ar, or else, they remained idle. Unemployment and the cessation of agricultural activities will cause an economic revolution sooner or later. Today, the future of the United States is tied much closer to Europe than it vzas previous to the .Var. The entire v/orld owes the United States, therefore, the United States is interested in the future of the European nations. Before the nations of Europe can return to normal, the United States will have reached a point where the factories will be running at full capacity, and the United States xvill furnish the countries of Europe with both money and raw materials, and un- employment will have faded. X /.f \ I -. \.Xfi - S V? / - 7 - HUI^aARIAN Magyar Tribune, June 13, 1919, But as long as there is no peace in Europe, factories are at a standstill and workers there do not start production. The situation in this country will remain as it is at present. The situation will change but it will take quite a while for things to settle back to normal. n ATTITODES E. Social OrsEtnizatlon II B 1 c (3) HDNaARIAN Otthon, kpv. 22, 1954. THE HDMJARIAN TOUTED FRONT (Editorial) For the past few weeks, one of our newspapers, printed in Bulgarian, but directed by the Kremlin, in Soviet Russia, has been publishing articles spurring the Huni^arians to unite in one front • The often repeated call for unity comes from that group which has no sincere purpose or intention towards the people of the Royal Hungarian crown. It has made us wonder why they are opening their arms so suddenly - 2 - KUI^Gi^Ix^lT Otthon, Apr. 22, 1934. for the Hungarian embrace. At the Hungarian Day celebration at the world's Fair, it vjas evident that the communists do not v.ish to unite, but on the contrary, they wish to disrupt the existing tranquility among our people. Last year our countrymen refused to allow these malcontents to take an active part in the leadership of the Hungarian Day celebration. They are again trying their successful iiethod of "boring from within." Their vanity has suffered because of their unsuccessful attempts last year, and now they are trying to paint their bruises - 3 - HDNCiARIAN Otthon, Apr. 22, 1934. with a national oolor. They are very crafty in their newspaper writings, but their intent is very apparent. •tfill there be a Hungarian Day this year at the World's Fair? We do not know yet. We do not know who the leaders will be, or if there will be any. However, we will be on the lookout to see that those persons who are too friendly with our enemies will not be among them. I S HUITGARL^I Otthon, June 4, 1933. V^PA (ILL) PROJ 302/5 HUITGARIAN BOLSKEYIPiB UlIDSR NATIOIIAL. FKiG About two weeks ago, many Hungarian nev;spapers published conspicuous articles, calling the attention of all Ilungarian-ivmerican organizations to put aside any differences and find a solution to the problems of Hungarian-Americans • The solution and the remedy v/ill be discussed at a conference of societies to be held Jiine 23 to June 26 in Chicago. Under this seemingly red, v:hite, and green national flag, the red is sub- stituted by the Moscow blood red, and the political and social synod is not concerned with merely finding a remedy for the ills of the /imerican- Hungarian, but its program includes the application of the Moscow patent medicine for world politics, another impending world war, fascism, and Hitlerism. The list of these world reformers contains some respectable names, un- doubtedly these through some misunderstanding or misrepresentation. The real leaders of this conference, who wish to use the Hungarians as puppets, are bolsheviks and radicals. Those vdio call themselves Magyars, not only IE - 2 - HCT7GARLA II Otthon, June 4, 1933. ^=^^^ ^^^'- raOi, HU.:/:) in language but sentiments, cannot be identified v;ith this group. These radicals, v/ith their anarchistic tendencies, are like the pirates of old, who never sailed under their ovm flag. They v;ish to practice their 'bo r- ing-from vjithin" tactics under the Hungarian tri-color. .v*-' The bolshevik ru^e is apparent, and all sane Hungarians v;ill see through it, and have nothing to do v/ith the movement. I E III H IV HUNGARIAN Kagyar Tribune > Apr. 14, 1933» SUCCESSFUL PROIEST LEETmC AGAINST HITLSRiai Several hundred persons attended last Sunday *s massmeeting, called together by the Chicago Branch of the Cultural Federation, and supported hy a number of Hungarian associations in Chicago and vicinity^ The massmeeting, held at the Masonic Hall, was to protest against the wave of Hitlerism now sweeping over Germany. On calling this massmeeting, the Cultural Federation issued a call to all Hungarian associations in Chicago and vicinity to a conference on April 5. At this conference thirty-two delegates were present, represen- ting — some officially and some unofficially — seventeen associations. Other associations had no time to send their official representatives but promised they would join the movement* The associations that took part in this meeting formed a body of nine members, v/hich will later be transformed into an executive committee, whose aim will be to organize a federation against Hitlerism and war. This federation will be ccanposed of Hungarian associations and private persons in Chicago and o CD en I E - 2 - HUNGARIAN III H IV vicinity. Kagyar Tribtine , Apr* 14, 1933 Hhe follov/ing associations were represented at the conference: The District Executive Gornittee, Second and Sixth branches of the Cultural Federation, Chicago Hungai* Ian abrkers Singing Club, Chicago Hungarian Cultural and Benevolent Association, Chicago Hungarian Group of the I. VI. W., Hiingarian Democrat Club, V/orkers Club, Chicago Hungarian Workers Orchestra, Chicago. Hungarian Cultural and Singing Club, Association of Independent Hungarian- Americans, Workers Sick Aid Federation Branch 13, Hungarian branches 1003 and 1011 of the !• VI. 0«, Austro-Hungarian Sick Benefit Association, and TV/entieth Century Ladies' Society. The grand protest nasanieeting on April 9 was opened at 3:30 P.M. by Andrew J. Szabo, secretary of the Chicago District of the Cultural Federation, who spoke of the v;ork of the coinmittee in charge of arranging the massmeeting and asked Dr» Zoltan Galambos to act as chairman. CD ho I E _ - S - HUNG^IRLAK III H IV Magyar Tribune > Apr. 14, 1933. In his short opening speech, Dr. Galambos pointed out the danger of Hitlerism not only in relation to Gemiany but in relation to the world as v/ell, as a resiilt of Hitler's pace-hatred theory, which disturbs the hitherto prevailing peace between peoples of different nationalities and creeds living together throughout the v/orld. Dr. Galambos was followed by Dr. Ernest Lovinger, Andor Wiener, Ignacio Izsak, and Joseph Pataki, all well-known speakers and noted public personalities of Chicago and vicinity, who in their turn delivered excellent speeches, enlightening the question from all points of view. The delegate from the John Reed Club spoke in English in the name of the American journalists, writers, and artists, assuring the meeting of their sympathy and g praising the Hungarians for this magnificent and thoroughly human movement. ^ CO CD ro All the speakers agreed on the necessity of promoting unity and solidarity J^ between the associations, so that all of us may, hand in hand, help bring about a better and nobler future. The massmeeting adopted the following resolution: V I E III H IV - 4 - HOl^GARLa^ Magyar Tribune , Apr. 14, 1933 ^'V/hereas, The Hungarian associations of Chicago and vicinity, at their joint meeting, held on April 9, 1933, have declared that they Join v/ith enthusiasm those organizations v/hich are av/are of the dire necessity for human solidarity; and have protested against the Hitler regime in Germany, and Whereas, Ihe Grand Lleeting sees in Ilitlerism the qualified enemy of human society and looks upon it as a danger against v/orld peace; therefore, be it J.* Resolved, Biat the meeting not only recognizes the necessity of organizing an all-embracing Anti-Fascist World Federation to combat Hitlerism and preserve the peace of the world but also condemns with disdain the noiv ex- isting political system in Germany, branding its leaders and supporters as the sworn enemies of human rights, civilization, progress, culture, emd peace. Be it further O <-r Resolved, That the meeting demands the restoration of the rights of democratic III H IV Lamrar Tribune » .^pr* 14, 1933* freedom, such as freedon of speech, press, and assembly; the immediate dis- continuation of the persecution of tne Jev/s; the immediate release of im- prisoned vjorkers, and the restoration of the v/orkers* political and or- ganizational rights* Be it further "Resolved, That a copy of this resolution be telegraphed to the G-ertiian Government, the German .embassador in Washington, and the Secretary" of State of the United States, as well as to the .jnericun and liimgarian press. ^ '• •* 12 w.« CD III H I C HUNGARIAN agyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), Apr» 14, 1933* /mmhRims rally to protest against niTLERia^ A successful protest-meeting was iield Sunday afternoon at the Masonic Temple Hall. The meeting, called together at the initiative of the Chicago Branch of the Cultural Federation, with the co-operation of several Hungarian associations, was attended by a large crowd of Hungarians, who ceine to protest against Hitlerism and the persecution of the Jews in Germany^ The chairman of the meeting was Dr# Zoltan Galambos, who told in his opening speech how Hitlerism had originated and how we could protect ourselves against it* Every one of the speakers expressed his opinion on this question and concluded that the situation is dangerous, and that something has to be done to pre- vent the spreading of this danger It goes ^vithout saying that if we were to take the views of the different I £ III H I C - 2 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune (Hungarian Tribune), Apr. 14, 1933. speakers at face value, we would have to admit the truth of what they said» Unfortunately, they all are faithful followers of certain principles and therefore gave expression to their own convictions. We prefer not to make any comments on what was said at this meeting, or to approve or disapprove of any of the speeches-- we merely want to add our own conviction, as follows: Hitlerism is nothing but a new attempt to save the present and already tottering social and economic system. In other words, its purpose is to mend already torn clothes* ;? HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribtine ( Huncarian Tribune), Apr, 7, 1933# NOTICB As the Fascist terror in Germany is growing more terrible from day to day eind'^ the workers in all parts of the world are protesting against it, the workers 5 of Chicago have decided to do their duty and will protest on April 9# — CD l>0 Since the Chicago Hungarian Workers Club had announced a bunco party for ^ April 9, the members of the Club decided in their meeting held on April 3, that, inasmuch as the protest of the workers against the raginc Fascist terror is much more important than a mere bunco party, they will hold the latter on April 8. I B HUr:Gk J^LuNi I D < J I H I.Iagyar Tribune , June i3, 1931, I L TiUH IIIjI^IT^^BKii IL3V0LUTI0N (Editorial by Illes Ivlonus) Hevolutionary forces are at work in the nidst of the social world. ••••This is the result of the capitalistic crisis, ./g can understand this only if we look at the facts of industrial revolution. Changes have occurred in the fields of industry and agriculture, iiot only uachiner^'' is responsible for this. Pro- duction, compared to pre-v/ar conditions, £;rew even ;vithout technical aid. Cap- italisn increased v/orK tempo to the maxirauni v/ithout outside help, ./e cite a few facts: In 1914, nine bakers v/orking eight hours a day baked ^OGO loaves of bread, or 340 loaves each. In 1927, nine bakors in a seven-hour working day baked 3570 loaves of bread, or 396.6 loaves each. Production increased 33 per cent ..ithout mechanical aid High-speed production nachinery v/as replaced by machiner;; of even higlier speed. Light raachiner^^ v/as Liade even lighter, oeni-autoiiiatic machines ;vere improved O ! S ^'-P-A. pl iiuiiau^ixUi I 7, - ^^ - I D 2 c I H llagyar TrJQtme , June 5, 1931. I L and became v;liolly autoniatic. Obsolete machinery'' was disposed of as junk. The goal: exploitation of the v/orkar to the fullest extent, murderous v/ork tempo, the reduction of labor's importance in production and the increase of machinery's importance .-\griculture is not entirely untouched by the industrial revolution. The crea- tions of the machine industry have changed agricultural T?roduction also. One of the most v;onderful inventions is the harvesting-threshing ma chines.... .It does the work of three hundred men These facts speak for themselves. This is a real revolution Pnis revolu- tion can't be suppressed by s-;ord, bayonet, arraored trucks, or imprisoniTient. ITie destruction of machiner:r is also futile.... The capitalistic production nethod at its peak api^sears to be ..ithout reason. Vihile on one hand it utilizes man-po.ver to the utmost, on the other hand it - 3 - iJJiia j;:i.v[i I D 2 c I II I'jjii^yav Jribune , June 5, 19ol. I L can*t a:.iploy niilions oi* iale paople. ^Jiile it fills its v/arehousas speed- ily v;ith its i.iass .production, niilions can^t buy the iiost necessar:/ industrial or ajricultural j-roducts, Cn one side it amasses ovei^'-thing that rian*s crea- tive pover made possible, and on the otiier it allOA-s the ai^y of those v;ho are condemned to death by starvation to become big.'rer day by da:^ i'here is no other solution th-.n the rationalization of production and the equal distribution of that production. 3ane production can be arrived at only on a Jocialist basis ^Tiis method is the bust for the interests of huiianity. . . • . rhe industrial revolution may yet bo the be,c;inninf of a nev; era It is v;orth V7hil'3 for the ..'orkers to struggle tov/ard this end. I s I G hu:mGarian Otthon, May 3, 1931* TODAY, YESTERDAY AND THE DAY BEFORE (Editorial) p* 1 - Krom time to time more or less ssurcastically humorous articles have appeared in American newspapers about Hungary's king-problem* We believe that these articles have their original background in that band of sympathy with the i^ntente, which is still smouldering in the so-called Anglo-Saxon hearts* America still considers itself part of this imaginary group of people so that in Hungarian matters it usually sides with the views of the big and little Sntente* We do not want to discuss at length the desirability of being subjects of a ^^tyrannical"* king or the advantages of man*s rights in a land infested with thousands of petty Bagistratest polioa ehiafa, ato* - 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, Uay 3f 1931* Va wish to point to the addrosa of the logic of the Chicago Tribune t which a few weeks ago lauded Alphonse, ex*king of Spain *8 wise statesmanship; the elaborate preparations to welcome the King of Siam; its hysterical reception of the Roumanian Queen l(arie» Now the Chicago Tt*ibune in an editorial of April 28^ expresses disdain about Count Bethlen*s speech on his tenth anniversary as prime minister of Hungary^ in which he says that he believes in a monarchiad form of government* The title of the editorial was **A Kingless Kingdom*** I E II D HUNGARIAN Otthon, r^Iar. 29, 1931. RAKOCZY OR LENIN? (Editorial) The Hungarian Bolsheviks also know Montecuccoli's wise saying, "to make wariinoney, money and more money is necessary" and although their weirfare against organized society is considered banditry, they need money, especially that wliich is in someone else's pocket* For a while the apostles of Lenin contrived to get money through their newspaper the Elore (Forward), but lately they couldn't get enough so they concentrated their efforts on the Self Culture Club and the Workers' Sick Benefit Society, v/hich they ruined in a short time. The funds of the Communist agitators are getting low, so they have - 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon , liar, 29, 1931. invented a new money malting scheme. They have selected as their next victim the Rakoczy Sick Benefit Society. They smuggled a few Lenin idolizers in as members who tried to sow the seeds of discontent, but without success. Then they started a whispering campaign against the officers of the Rakoczy with the intention of getting them suspended from office and enablin,^ then to put their satellites in thetr place. They have attacked through their paper, the 31ore, Joseph Vasas, secretary, in particular. We trust the good judgment of the members, and knov; that they v;ill rid themselves of these bolshevik wolves, but the trouble is that these wolves are in sheep's clothing, and are hard to recognize. It is our duty to warn the members of the Rakoczy against this attempt of the bolsheviks to undermine the peace of the organization. If they are allowed to do their destructive ;ork, they will debase the memory - 3 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, Mar, 29, 1931. of our national hero Rakoczy. We cannot allow the Hungarian workers to rally around the bolshevik flag and let themselves be misled by the agitators. II B 2 e IV Mag:/ar Tribune , Oct« 31, 1930. OPSM FORlBrl (The publishers of the Mag:rar Tribune do not accept responsibility for this article.) Attention, Chicago Hungarians! The Hungarian raernbers of the I. .V. \u (Indus- ^ trial V/orkers of the Jorld) and the United Protective League presented a ^ moving picture on October 16 of the revolution in Hungary. The great number i^. of spectators watched the performance with undivided attention ;g Slight changes were made in the advertised program. The so-called Chicago ^ Hungarian (V/orkersM Communist Choral Society notified us a few days before t3 the presentation tliat they would not appear on the program. They stated... • that they did not desire to apper at a benefit performance for the aid of the victims of class war. This decision deprives them of the right to be en II B 2 6 IV !.Ia{^Tar Tribune , Oct. 31. 1930. called workers. They disowned the victims of class war and for this act of Judas, v/e disown them. The Industrial ?Vorkers of the World and the Hun- garian nieiiibors of the Protective League have decided to boycott the Chicago Hung€a:ian Workers* Choral Society and at the same time ask all respectable Hun^-arian organizations to aid us in this boycott..... Instead of the advertised Hungarian chorus, the i^'innish I. /;. .7. Chorus sang on the program. f- The hist :rical fiLi of the Ilunrjarian revolution was not in the best condi- p tion. In the past eleven years (since the Hungarian revolution) it dried out and parts had to hi continuity of the film, Co out and ^-^urts had to be cut out, but this circumstance did not alter the S en ;^fter the slia/ing of the film, 3andor Vincze stepped on to the stage and I E - 3 - HUIIGARL^ II B 2 e IV Magyar Tribune , Oct. 31, 1950. explained to the audience that tlie coioiaunists tried for weeks to stop the presentation of the f iLm. Great disorder met his assertion, caused by corniiiunists among the audience. .. .•.Uomeone, probably one of the coinmunists, called in the police, v/ho threw out the disorderly ones 'Ve have a fev; v;ords to say to Ghicaco Hungarians and espscially to those v/ho witnessed the scandalous disorder. The management did ever\''thing in their power to make this film loerforiiiance successful, so that in this vjay (by the proceeds) the victims of class xvar nay be aided. Before loiowing that the connunists would turn against us, a conmittee v/as sent out to ask their co-operation which they refused They loiew that by their subversive activities they would ruin the i^erfonnance. It is a terrible thing when workers turn against workers and take the bread out of the motiths of the victims of class war. Today, v/hen millions are out of work and are hungry, these ivolves in communist clothing turn on them vj T -. « 4 - iiUi;G/iR3j\K X *^ .■ II B 2 e IV Ilamrar Tribune , Oct. 31, 1930. The International .Workers of the 77orld and the Hungarian r.lembors of the United Protective League o L^a^^yar Tribune > Aug. 22, 1930. TUl}] DI3 VJISTITJG PROSPjKITT OF AliilRICA (Editorial by Count Michael Karolyi) Upon disembarking fron the S. S. "President Roosevelt,** one of my old American friends greeted ne and whispered in my ear, "Lry dear friend, please do not say that you are a socialist, because they do not like socialists here.** He was ri?ht, since, for not following his advice, I was excluded froiri the land of liberty for five ye.rs. Since that time, IvIacDonald toured America, where he was warmly received, and, thanks to his influence, the order for my exclusion — in spite of my bein:: a "dangerous revolutionist" — was suspended. It would be exaggeration to say that there is socialism in America today, yet the truth is tliat the masses are beginning to realize that their case - S - HUNCxARIhN I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tribune , Aiog. 22, 1930. Ill G I C is not hopeless, Tlie lirst thunderbolt that struck V/all Street stirred the people, vAlo thought at the time that unlimited speculation was the chief cause of the crash. However, v/hen the stock market tumbled again, it had to be admitted that everything was not in order in the world's richest country'' American overproduction, the perfection of machinery, and the rationalization of production all tend to aggravate the world crisis of capitalism. Ameri- can capitalism advanced faster, more brutally — it was not retarded by the difficulties that beset iSurope, .Vith the exception of the Southern states, there was, strictly speaking, no feudalism in the United States. 1!here were no economic limits or traditions to hinder capitalism, which forged ahead by leaps and bounds, a fact of v>7hich the workers were unaware until now. Let us not forget that in America, during the capitalistic era, everyone was concerned with his own v^rell-being only, no one worrying about the I a I D I D III I c - 3 - HUir U-rU 1 9 a c Magyar Tribune , Aug. 22, 1930 situation as a vvhole. Up to the present tlTie, no one has had any anxiety. If it was hard to make a living in one field, there were other fields to try* No one noticed that in the meantrne capitalism was being concentrated. Today the people understand that the same capitalism — Grod forgive it~which meant prosperity, is preparing to undermine the right of individual ownership. A number of the bourgeois are horrified to note that they are beccxning impoverished aad proletarian..... Since the end of the .Vorld .Var, America, taking advantage of the poverty of -dJurope, has conquered the markets of the Old iVorld. Production in America was based on this ne \' situation. However, America did not stop to think that ilurope would gradually recover economically, a recovery that already has come about. Be it through socialism or '^Fordism", the fact is that an organized drive, in the form of a United States of Europe, is on its way against the Americans' monopoly of foreign markets. It makes no difference to the New ;Vorld ;vhether the change in the iSuropean situation takes the form of socialism or capitalism, the fact remains that America I JS - 4 - IIONGARIAN I D 1 a I D 2 c III a I C will lose a valuable market for its goods. Ulagyar Tribune , Aug. 22, 1930 The crisis is increased by the fact that industry is not the only one to suffer from overproduction; agriculture, too, suffers a great deal. For instance, the Ford factories had to reduce their production from ten thou- sand to three thousand cars per month. The 1923 surplus is still in their warehouses. Before the ;^orld .^ar, fifty per cent of the population of the United States was made up of farmers. This ratio has dropped to thirty per cent, which means that industrialization has increased. In view of this situation, the number of the uneaployed is inevitably be- coming larger and larger every day. As no official statistics on the number of the unemployed have heen made, it is difficult to give an exact - 5 - HDNGARLiJ)? I S I D 1 a I D 2 c III a I C figure, but it is thou:iit that there are ffom four to ei-^ht /aillion people without ;vork in this country. ?>Ia/^ar Tribune, Aug. 22, 1930. I saw machines that can do the work of tv/o, three, and four hundred people. The fate of the une'riployed is made worse because the covernment does not give any kind of relief to them. This brutality is a newer proof of the unscrupulous methods used by American capitalists, who do not see the neces- sity of compensating the unemploj'-ed. The proletariat is not sufficiently organized. There are not more than tv/o million organized workers in the United States, as the task of organizimc the workers who flocked here from all parts of the world has been difficult. Immigration kept the workers on the move continually from iUast to ^Vest, and the different nationalities, as in the tower of Babel, were unable to understand each other. */ith the closing of the doors of the United States to immigration, it is anticipated that the socialist and trade-union movements will gain ground. I £ - 6 - HUNaARIAN I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tb?ibune , ^ug. 2;3, 1930. Ill G I C The repetition of the crash of the stock inarket not only ruined the econoiric foundation of the United States, but also disillu- sioned the optimistic conceptions of Americans. The American citizen believed with peculiar naivete that he had to thank his racial superiority for prosperity. Some went so far as to say that Almighty G-od rewarded Americans because their raoral conception and energy were superior to those of other peo;ole. There was an element of mysticism^ a heaven-sent gift, in this unbelievable conception of prosT^erity. Another circumstance aggravates the American economic crisis. Instead of practicing economy, as in the Old .7orld, the capitalistic system in the New iorld advocated squandering. Buying senselessly was instigated by un- believably shrewd advertising. The crisis is the more unbearable because the public has become accustomed to a higher standard of living, a standard I £ - 7 - HUNaARIM. I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tribune > Aug. 22, 1930. Ill G I C which is only possible when the worker receives his wages regularly* Today, the worker, besides being unable to indulge in luxury, finds himself deep in debt for things he bought on the various installment plans. The instalLnent systei is an American invention that exhausts the consumer leaving him like a squeezed lemon. Houses, automobiles, typewriters, clothes, tools can be paid for on a monthly pay:nent system. It can safely be said that ninety oer cent of the salaries are mortgaged in advance. The foregoing is tiie situation in a nutshell, and still one can't express his doubts about prosperity. The newspapers never publish anything that would contradict this stubborn optimism. ... .The press is not supported by the readers but by the advertisers. ;Ve have the Saturday Evening Post as an example — it costs but five cents a copy, but an advertisement in it costs one or even two thousand dollars. Although I could not state my opinion of the economic crisis in the Americaii/Q,'^ ^^ I 3 - 8 - ETOIGAi^T^N I D 1 a I D 2 c III G I C newspapers, still the audiences at my lectures were interested in this topic TiOst. ^lagyar Tribune , Aug. 22, 1930. The lecturer is assailed jy questions so childish that they sound foolish. I was asked whether I could define the difference bet;veen socialism and anarchism. Furthermore, I was asked what is the difference between French, En'^lish, German and Russian socialism The answer to these questions was made difficult by the total absence of elementary theoretical knowl- edge on the part of the American audiences. An iiraerican attends a lecture with the intent ioa of findin^i- a radical cure for his ills. He feels that his country is not on the right road, that its economic theory is all vjrong, and he expects the lecturer to prescribe a remedy. Nothing is more dis- appointing to an audience than the lecturer*s obscure answer..... American ideology is traveling in the direction of collectivism, and standardized life will make the transition to socialism easier, but it is > .! •! t \<. I E - 9 - HUI^a.^LAN I D 1 a I D 2 c III G 1 C ■/.agydr rribune ^ Aug 1930. doubtful vjhether the change will take jlace smoothly. That un- spe:^kable brutality with vaiich the Airiericans treat not only the Negroes but the ^inferior" iinmigrants, proves that their morals have not improved and that there will je a bitter struggle, I am positive that the unfortunate 3acco and '/anzetti ;;ould have escaped the electric chair had their eyes oeen blue instead of olack. If a European country coi.imits a crime, it tries to justify it by moral and legal reasons. In America this is done more simply. I'hey cynically assert, ";/e know that Sacco and 7anzetti were innocent of the crime for which they A^ere electrocuted, and that Tom Mooney has been suffering, in a prison for nearly fourteen years, but they were all dangerous revolutionists, so 7;e were justi- fied in committing; a theoretical crime ai:ainst them." I am positive that nowhere in the v.orld will the ^^var between capitalism and proletarianism be bloodier than in America. ^ < fc -W" ;i>4i. >•■- .' ri. .A.tci>^-^« ii *i.fc> .^f »'-JS-iV,(t|^i»( * HUNGARIAN I E ^m. (!l.J?RO^ 3027h Otthon, May 26,1929. COMMUNISTS UNDER STRICT OBSERVATION. (Editorial) p. 1..... Many states have passed laws ^and the Federal Government has well laid plans ready to put into action for a defensive warfare against "red** agitation. It is a well-known fact that there are very few native American followers of ooniniunism. They know that living conditions and political freedom in the United States are far superior to those in Russia* The few hundred parlor-pink radicals among the Americans don*t constitute a menace to the government. They are tolerated, because they are not dangerous* The situation among the foreign born is quite different. They are - 2 - HUNGARIAN VVFA (ILL.; PRO J. 30275 Otthon, May 26,1929. ^ given an opportunity to work and make good in this country »and can take any office, except that of the President • They sin doubly against the constitution and the government, #n© taice advantage o.t* a ^.^udst's privileges and get mixed up in movements far below the American ideals^ * It is a sad fact that there are a number of our Hungarian brethren who have allied themselves with the bolshevik cause* It is not a credit to the Hungarians that so many of the bolsheviks known to the authorities, are Hungarians » It is our belief that most of them are not conscious of what they are doing, but the danger of deportation is hanging over them* The authorities know who are the subscribers of Communist publications, and also who belong to societies which spread communistic propaganda* The penalty for participating in ant i -government activities in Pennsylvania, according to the new law, is jail, and after completion of the sentence, deportation* Those who subscribe to radical newspapers unknowingly, are warned that they may get themselves into serious trouble* The "red** leaders won't warn their followers, because they figure that one who is deported will become an enemy of organized society, and Moscow can alarays count on him* jOt - 3 - HUNGARIAN WPA {\lL^) rnw..oti^./: Otthon, Hay 26, 1929. The hungry man becomes a beast - that is what the bolsheviks want. They do not want a productive, but a rioting mass* Before it is too late, we wish to give a warning to our countrymen to desist from all contact with those circles, which will cause their downfall* I B HUNO/iRIAN I D 2 a (2) I D 2 a (3) Magyar Tribime , Dec* 21, 1928. I D 1 a I D 1 b PROELSMS I D 2 c (Written for the Magyar Tribiine by Lajos Steiner) II E 3 I L Today is the era of macliinery. Technics are developing rapid- I M ly. Machines are becoming perfect, and their products are get- I H ting better and cheaper* Year after year more people can afford to buy cars, homes, musical instruments, and jewelry, all of which make life more pleasant* The things that were considered luxuries ten years ago have become necessities today* The greater the number of buyers, the better the general prosperity and the wealthier the country* But into this harmonic symphony creeps a discordant note—the fact that there are four million unemployed and needy persons in the United States© The perfected machines are crowding skilled tradesmen out of work* Their tftt I E - 2 - HUNGARIAN Magyar TrlbTane > Dec. 21, 1928* places are filled by tintrained, unorganized, cheap laborers. Often the new machine, handled by a youngster, does the work of fifty men. Rail- roads and coal mines employ hundreds of thousands less men now than eight or ten years ago. The chain store takes the place of the small, inde- pendent stores, and the factories do away with the smaller industries*^*.* The time of profit-making small farms went out with the candles and homemade soap* The ordinary American farmer *s annual income is six hundred and forty-eight dollars* Many farmers try to find work in industrial cen- ters, but opportunities are diminishing daily* The result is corruption and the growing number of gunmen* Can an improvement be expected while production, transportation, and sales are the sources of private profiteering? This is the question that remains unanswered and which awaits a solution* The capitalists are trying to solve this problem by reducing wages and I ^ HUl^a.iRLUNl I.Iagyur Tribune , Dec. 21, 1928. introducing the rive-day-;;ork v/eek. The v/hite-collar v;a{^e slaves are also dissatisfied v;ith their lot. They are trying to or^janize, too. as can be seen, the oft mentiuned prosperity is not apparent at this time. The experimentation in Soviet Russia is still in the experimental stage. Tliey are developing their industry, educating their people gexierall^^. Pos- sibly, when Bolshevism v;ill be mature, it v;ill be the ideal pattern for other countries to follov/. Private ov.nership v;on't be replaced by state ovmership in the United States, and socialism is not accepted here, as proved by the last presidential election. In 1920, Debs, the Socialist 2^art27 presidential candidate, received 554,200 votes. Thomas, the most recent Socialist candidate, received less than 300,000 votes. The tv;o dominating political parties — the Democratic and republican — differ very slightly in their aims .... .Probably they will unite sometime in the future. In this case an opposition party v/ill be formed by the v;orkers. .it present - 4 - HUI^GvJ^I^T Llagyar Tribune > Dec. 21, lb28. there is no workers party in the United otates. Of the forty million v:orkers in the United otates, less than ten per cent are organized into unions — about three rriillion. On the other hand, the capitalists are very v;ell organized. They have political parties, trusts, chambers of comr.ierce, industrial combines, federal reserve banks, etc. Progress v/on't be halted. Tlie exarr.ple of the postal service is worth fol- lowing. Ivlail is handled by the state. The only aim is to give the public cheap, fast, and good service.. .. .If the aim of the postal service were to make profits, the cost of stamps v;ould be several dollars instead of a few cents. If production,- transportation, and sales v;ere managed, not for the benefit of private profiteers, but for the benefit of mankind, most probably the cost of corL-.odities could be paid in pennies instead of dol- lars. Then there v:ould be enough time for self-cultivation. The gunman I s - 5 - KUNGARIM Magyar Tribune > Dec, 21, 1928* wouldn't be forced to murder • There v/ould be no need for misrepresenta- tion, misstatements in advertisements, or competition with inferior pro- ducts • Swindling, stealing, and sin would be unnecessary and therefore would cease to exist. Humanity is still in its infancy and has only five senses. In time it will grovx mature and acquire more senses. Our descendants V7ill be as far above us in intelligence as v;e are above the five-fingered fish that was the forefather of the monkey who v/as our sire. It is a promising thought that our descendants will be angelic beings..... I s IIUITG.JlL'iIT III G Liacyar Tribune , Oct. 16, 19^5. /KGoiJiiirr^s oP^ECii Tc L^aioii go:poition7 The Horizon is Glearinc (Hditorial) President Goolidce^s speech at the recent /oaerican Legion convention proved to be a bombshell. The liberals up to the present time believed that Goolidge belonged to the Ku Klux iCLan. Nov/ the truth has come out. President Goolidge is not a member of the laan, and not only tliat, he is absolutely opposed to it. Goolidge openly stated that the activities of the Klan are entirely opposed to the priniciples and ideals of the .American government . The President made a very timely statement v/hen he said that iuuericanism ^.\ LA III G — o _ IlUl^aaii-ill Llagyar Tribune, Oct, 16, 1925, cannot be ju(if;ed anonr^ the irani^:rants by the boat they cane on, or the length of tine the^^ have been here, or by askinc then to v/hat nationality or creed they belong. To judge ;uriericanisn one nust consider the iiniai^^rrants, and detemine what contributions they have Liade to the developnent of the United otates. The President also brought up the religious question. He said that coiunerce and industry'- did not inquire as to your church affiliation, and your worth was not judged by your creod, but was detemined by the value of your per- sonal service to the organization. President Coolidge, in his speech, informed the Klan that there was no room for religious controversies in iimerica. Religious controversies have never been profitable to any nation. The nations that tolerate religious controversies will be led to ruin and destruction. This has been proven by history. President Coolidge and all true ioriericans are working to develop this 12 - 3 - IIUHa\HIiJJ III G L Llagyar Tribune , Oct. 16, 1925. great nation and not to hold it back. The developnent of a nation is only possible vjiien the social life of that nation is harioonious. I E liOlTaAHLA?! Magyar Tribune > Jan. 30, 1925 FA0T6 ABOUT Dii2.I00il^CY (Editorial) They used to say that there are as many f onas of anarchy as there are an- archists. In_jDther v/ords anarchy is interpreted differently throughout the world, ^^entually a great struggle will revolve around the interpre- tation of this word^ But this fact is true of every organization that has principles and ideals. Naturally these are seen only by those v/ho are within the organization; we who are not acquainted with the situation are not aware of them. Democ- racy is a question v;hich offers a fertile field for ^arguments pro and co^, America is known as the nation of political democracy. Democracy \xi the United States is a reflection Jot the political life of the people/^ We wonder sometimes how many people ^understand the democratic concept/^ I E - 2 - HUNQARIAIT -ar TribTine , Jan. 30, 1925. How many people really know its true value, how many know its meaning, and understand the principles of democracy? There are many people who are or call themselves democrats, but in reality are afraid of democracy, 'Yhy? Because they believe their cultural activi- ties cannot find a satisfactory outlet within the realms of a democracy. They Relieve that the principles of democrac^are raw and undeveloped ^and that life imder such a system is difficul^. Are these people right? No, they are not right, because de^mocracy^s most sacred principle is the cultural development of the people in order that they may govern them- selves. This concept of democracy leads us to the belief that the /destin][/ot man is not an il^lusion or a dream, but is a reality, or at least a potential reality, therefore the true democrat believes that love for I E - 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Jan. 30, 1925. mankind Is not an illusion, but a profound conviction/^. This is the well into which our humanitarian apostles have dipped — those of Greece and Home, those of the middle ages, as well as those of more recent times, Jefferson and Lincoln. V/e can^t be democratic pimply by intellectual convictio^. Democracy is a practical philosophy because it recognizes the value and rights of everyone. Those people who /quarrel aboutTdemocracy either do not know this, or else their own philosophy of life Rejects this principle^. Is this im- portant? Will it hurt the s\m if the blind deny the fact that it is shining? Democracy throughout the world favors no classTand this is /the exJ)lanation I E - 4 - :I[J1\^GARIM Magyar Tribune , Jan. 30, 1925. for the struggle against feudalism in seventeenth- century England v/here class lines were sharply dravm — a struggle which resulted in the grant- ing of/political freedom. This movement had something to do with democ- racy althoUi^ it was far removed. This explains the fact that some people may be 2pli"tically democratic ^although disa^^reeing with the basic principles/of democracy. The only person who is a tme democrat is he w'lo feels co-operatively t07/ard his fellov/ man. This is the explanation for our statement: '^/Je can't be democratic^ simply by intellectual conviction.^ Vie must listen to our hearts, /to the emotions which arise therefrom a ^d determine our attitudesT" towards those things that are good and fine in our fellow man. 7/e can't be democratic according to a prescribed program. The character of a man is not decided by his attire. This applies to democracy as well, it is not the people who are connected vdth it or econom- ic conditions, which necessitates the democratic system — it is the I E - 5 - HUNGASIAN Magyar Tribune. Jan, 30, 1985. collective feeling /of all/which with the support of democracy's strength gives humanity something worth living for. I ^ Otthon, Oct. 8, 1922. CLASS WAR (Sditorial) In the future, we will discuss the problems of workers in our editorials from time to time. The Otthon recognizee the importance of social pro- gress in this century, and especially in the next decade. We are glad to note that our worker readers are concerned about this subject. We would be sorry indeed if they v;ould not think about it at all. It is too bad that many people are not able to think independently. These people try to cover up their ignorance by indifference. Our aim is to interpret the real meaning of articles pertaining to labor and social problems. Farxism Advocates Class V/ar IJarx groups men into two classes: the bourgeoisie and proletariat. This is the starting point of the llarx theory, and it is natural that - 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, Oct. 8, 1922 • we, too, will begin o\ir interpretation at this point. V/e wish to explain first what logic is. It is the method of thinking correctly in order to arrive at a definite conclusion about a given question. V/isdom begins where we are forced to admit our ignorance. We do not say that grouping men into two distinct classes is illogical, nevertheless, let us look into this matter closely. The time is past when there were historically privileged classes, aristocratic and bourgeois classes, who had privileges not enjoyed by the peasant class. In these times of economic and political equality, they cannot be divided into two groups from this standpoint, but they can be grouped according to wealth and poverty. However, v/here does ivealth end and poverty begin? How many men are there, especially in America, who were poor yesterday and rich today? Is it right, there- fore, to war against the capitalistic class? Since class distinction was abolished between men, there is no need ^, - 3 - HOI-TaARIAN Otthon, Oct* 8, 1922. for class hatred, because there is so imich inter-mingling that it would be a war of b3X)thers»- If we study class mingling among the immigrants, we find that their children are skilled workers in factories, also some are independent industrialists, merchants, judges, engineers, lawyers, and professors. The proletariat of Marx has progressed and entered the bourgeoisie. The children of the poorest fathers have become rich. After this interpretation, we ask is it not true that those who incite class hatred become the supporters of fraternal strife? It is another question why wealth is unequally distributed, and whether the teachings of Ivlarx can serve as a remedy. This phase of the question will be discussed at a future date. "^n HUl^GARlLAU III H I G I G Magyar Tribune . Jan. 21, 1921. TH2 CAVE-3LliDSPER3 The presidential election in America is over, and as a result the old S3rstei has been wiped away, at least for the present, V/e believe that the old sys- tem will not soon be revived, because here in America a system begins to develop that will give some rights to the workingman; and though it cannot be developed at once, the time will come .vhen its prudent, sensible idea v/ill be entirely realized. The old system has been responsible for so many evils here, and has contributed so largely to the absurd upheaval in Jiurope today that we can only guess at the losses and the suffering it has involved. We will know precisely what it cost the world only vfhen the new system of social organization, which we prophesied long ago, comes into power. It looks as though that time may come sooner than we could ever dare to hope. There is already a plan for a Russo-Geiman- Japanese alliance. The parties to I E - 2 - IIUNCLlRIAIT III H I G Mag:y^ar Tribune , Jan. 21, 1921. I C it claim before the world that the plan is only a dream, but v/e firmly believe that the alliance has been formed, and that it ^.vill be announced v/hen an opportune moment arrives* Naturally, shrewd John Bull likes the idea and would like to belong to this alliance too; although in the beginning he would be only an equal, later, ac- cording to his tested tactics, he would assume the role of a dictator and v/ould watch, with a satisfied grin on his face, while the others prepared the good meal for him. But this time we know that John Bull v/ill not succeed by using his customary method, because vje are convinced that the Germans are more cautious and will not be deceived. Here in America we should come to our senses and realize that John Bull has let us Americans pull his chestnuts out of the fire, thinking, as we speedily accomplished the task: "Der Ivlohr hat seine Schuldigkait getan, der Mohr kann III E I G Magyar Tribune , Jan. 21, 1921. I C gehen'. {The Moor has finished his task, the Moor can go) Quotation from Schiller's ^Fiesco", Act IIl7. It is true that John Bull v/as not able to consume all the chestnuts raked out, because the American people were not v/illing to support the policy of the iinglish. The pov/erful American people were brave enough to tell the leaders of the old system: ^^StopI'* Let us be on guard and let us tell them not to trouble their heads over our problems; vje will face these wild lions ourselves; we ;vill finish the job which John Bull was strong enough to begin, but was too shamefully weak to finish. Losers in politics never entirely give up hope of a triumphant return to the political stage. Their customary habit is to v/ithdraw into their caves for a time; they sleep and dream, trying to figure out what v/ould have happened had they been successful. Then, after a ./hile, they put their heads out of I E - 4 - HUkQARLAIT III H I Cx Magyar Tribune , Jan. :31, 1921* I C the cave again, sniffing to learn vmetiier or not the time has arrived for thera to come out and begin their plays again, V/e Magyars are interested, in the first place, in Hungarian cave-dreamers, al- though as Americans we shall discuss other cave- dreamers too, whose operations can be injurious to us# It is to the interest of the Llagyar-iimericans — and the future of Hungary depends on it — to be certain whether or not these Llagyar cave-dreaners have crept out finally and have succeeded in resuming the scorn- ful roles v/hich their defeat had forced them to give up. We do not have to go into details as to how the creat Lords managed everything— the public property, the national interest, and, most of all, the iiiost precious property of the country, the working people — before the v;ar... .after them came bolshevism, and after that "misery-ism'', llo one knov/s through how many other kinds of ''ism" unfortunate Hungary will go yet, v/hile again and again the mas- ters of the old system treat the working people as guinea pigs. The old system I z - 5 - ::ag:;ur rriburxe, Jan. /31, 1921 III n I a I c f:ave such privileges to Lhose "Great 30ie7:niors" that, even if they had trash in their heads, they could sponf^e on thj state and on the Vi/orkingpeople. To avoid becorninr- acam victins Ox* the old sickness, ive have to insist that the Mun{i:arian ''cave-sleepers" should not be v/akened, lest they bring back tlie old systeii, ir not on us, at least on the Lla^yars livin:; in Hungary, x^ot us abolish evei^^'thing ox the past. Let the v/orkingpeople assurio the rights v/hich are iustly theirs, and let the.:i [":iva the f^reat lords v;hat they deserve I'or their detri:nental v/ork. ..e riarryar-.jriericans have to be very careful \jho3e .;ords we believe, if we intend to take ^pxt in tho rebuildinr of th 3 old country; and v;e kiiovv that if v;e do not set ourselves to v;ork then all of .lun^ary is lost forever. ..e know our duty very wall and xve do not need s;/^et, endearing words frorj tlie old country to exhort us, any .T.ore than we need the courtship of the great lords in this resiDect. 7* l«W-l -J' 12 - 6 - EUIiafiRLU^ III n I G !!agyar Tribune , Jan. 21, 1921* I C V/e want to be the sanie to those great lords as we were before, and we want them to leave us alone, because we pay no attention to their speeches. Before the war, when these great lords were full of hopes of victory, they did not flatter us as they do now. Then, a v/orkin^ man or Mag;''ar-i\merican could not come near to a great lord; no;v, the times have changed, and the newspapers are full of the nice-sounding words of Count Apponyi, who calls us his "kin", ./e read also a letter of Count Zichy, who surpasses everybody; the old Count has veritably adopted every Magyar-ilmerican, calling us all ♦*my dear sons". Yes, these great lords, every one of them, would like to win us over, but it is not so easy; today we are thinking over cautiously what and v;hom v/e should follow. In the old days, when we were not so particular, they took off our last rags, and let us go to blazes. As we see it now, a big campaign has begun to determine who should become I E - 7 - IIUlTOARL-iN III II I G Magyar Tribune > Jan. 21, 1921, I C American .-iinbassador; it is a nice fat job. Naturally the great lords are anxious to make us believe that they were always good to us. ;ve, however following: after the old proverb, ''One cannot cut bacon fro::; a dog," think it a pillddflt thing to v/alt until the time comes; let them see first what they can accomplish without us. Meanwhile let us put the uninvited visitor in his proper place. Vie entreat our fellow countrymen to be cautious about everything vvhich origi- nates with the great lords, because v;e cannot expect an^'thing good from them either for ourselves or for the v/orkingmen living in the old country. There is among us Mr. Von Lorthy, whoin we have tried so many times to obtain as our leader. He understands workingpeople , and he can s^'mpathize with them, because he knows v/hat it means to fight for anything by one's own hard work, without help from outside, while others are obtaining the same things I 3 - 8 - IimiGARIAIT Ilagyar tribune. Jan. 21, 1921, III H I G I C through influence. He also laiows the aiLuents of the great lords, need tha leadership of such a man, v;hen the matter of our v/hole future is in question. y<6 I L HH^GARIAN Magyar Tribune . Feb. 6, 1920 V 13 IT i. S .N TO 32 A SOCIriLIST? (Editorial) In the political turmoil of today, the question arises as to which political party one has a right to belong. Today, people are free to join any political party they choose. But due to the fact that certain political organizations are now working against the laws of the country, one must think twice before affiliating himself with any party. In other words, political activity of today is so complicated that one does not know what course to choose. Because of the many political parties springing up on all sides today, one does not know v:hich is the right one or which one that really represents the best interests of the people. 3ach political party claims certain distinctions, Each party has its individual platform on which its promises are made. The people weigh - 2 - Magyar Trihtine , Fe rlUlIQABL^ b, 1920. • the merits of each party and reach their decision in the matter of choice of parties. Each party promises much in order to pull the largest number of votes for itself, thereby ranking first among political organiza- tions. Just as the politicians have a right to represent imd organize different political groups, the people have the right to select the political party which they believe will do the most good for them. Not so long ago, the entire world was praising .jnerican democracy. VJhether tlie subject concerned free speech or freedom of the press, it was the United States that comraanded high respect of all nations. The : government of the United States was regarded as a government instituted to protect the rights of the people* - 3 - :..a£:var Tribune, Feb. G, 1920. % -v\ _. V Today, the entire ;;orld Irdii ronu tLrou-'l: t-. Tvrocess of reor.-anii^ati n. Tliis re orrariizciti or: has not loTt th-. United States v;ithout a ble;.';ish. The ;;orld'G ^-reatest countries have V.ov;eu h-ufore democracy. They have instit\;ted refonus w'hich have brou;ht about i.iore ri hts for the people; they have rranted tho vorhinr peoole Teater pc/ers in political affairs • The v/orhinc people are no lon^:er conaidered ay co-y^:; in a iiachine. They are to be 1 "^ort'^nt factor:^ in civic, st te '2.nC\ national affairs. In other countries, the people arc reco^yiized nore politically and : ranted more privileges, v;hile in the United States, the larfjost deiaocratic country in the 7;orld, there in an increased tendenc to curb the ri, hts of the people. Theoretically the .....erican covernir.ent secures for the people the greatest richt in the v'orld, but in practical life, the people can not exercise - ^ - IIUi^iaxRIAi: •► r~. ,ae-/ar Tribune , ?eb. 6, 19^0 these rights. As f?ar as .vc kncv/, the Cocialist Party is cf: v/ell recor..ized a political narty a^: the :)er:ocratic or Re-nvblicar: Party, --cccrdiiirj to this stateLient the /vi^ierican systeri Cj' ^^overnTiient should rrant the Socialist Party the saiiie rirhts and recor-riition shcvm the other tv;o oartiss. And vet, v/hat do o find'? e find t^ at v;hen the rjeoDle do elect a socialist re^^resentative, he is net ad-T.itted to the I'ouse of ' '"".ODreaontatives. If a man is elected b - the people, he should have the rirtt to take nis place rerardless of p---rty aff ilpiticn. If t> e Socialist Fart., is a lav.fully rscof-nizcd "olitical Dcrt'^ then tho -r^^eoT^le have a rirht to elect Socialist representatives, and if a Socialist representative i<: elected, his laandate should be as leral and bindine: as those of ether p.rties* 'Phare is every - D - L'acyar Tribune , Feb. 6, 1920* IIUNavRiAII f- v.: \ c ' "f^ ., indication that certain rrcu'ps are tryinf to destroy tr tr Socialist Party by ignoring: it. According to our* idea, this ia yqt" nad tactics, because b^' doinc this they create a^^itation "^md help to riake it stronger. It is our hofe that the .c-enivlenen in ashineyton vjill beco-ie av;aro of their mistakes, and realize he. futile their efforts are. Let thei:i pay more attention to the rights of the people. They ./ill accoi plish .noro v/ith v;ords than force* I 2 III A III H I C Lagyar iribune , June 6, 1919 IMTaAHIAN PEOPLES » riiCETING- A SUCCESS The Chi ;ago-Hungarian Societies* cora::ittee held an open meeting for the Chicago-Hiinf^arians Sunday afternoon at '/icker Park Hall. 7Jhen the roil v;as called it v/as found that there were fourteen societies represented, although the larger part of the audience consisted of nembers of the I. '7.7/., the Social Labor Party, and the Social Party Association* Tze meeting was opened by !!r. Joseoh Szoke, a fellow vjorker, v/ho f^ave a short but very interesting talk. He spoke about the duty of American-Hungarian v;orkers tov/ards t^iis country, at the (^ane time remind- ing them of the causes that made them leave their homeland to seek their daily bread in a foreign country. Then LIr. Szoke, asked llr. Armin Lowy to speak. He, too, spoke about the new Hungary, the bare constitutional routine of Hungary, an analyzed the causes of the V/ar. I - 2 - !iroi':i2\RiAN Llagyar Tribune , June 6, 1918. At the conclusion of the speeches, the chorus representing the Social Party sang the Hymn of Revolution, All pending resolutions v/ere read next and were accepted unanimously. After this, Ernest Klopstein delivered a masterful speach, in v/hich he asked the Hungarian-Airierican workers to start organizational work, shov/ing clearly thrit a well organized gr^up v/ould be able to protect itself. !.!r. Klopstein told his audience that it was impossible to accomplish any of their aims by fighting for them in the streets, Jut we reach our goal by working like the nac-iines of industry. V/e mast organize and v/ork together. This last speech caused a slight disturliance a.:ong the societies, and quite a few arguments were started, pro ;md con. In order to quell the arguments, the Meeting was called to order and then adjourned in order. WPA (ILL) PROJ, 302^5 I S I jj ;3 a (3) II 3 2 d (1) Hmia^^jtii^iT I.:ap;yar Tribune , I.Iay 2, 1919. ROTIIFISHiilH 3in? .'RE2 Last October, Federal Judo:e Landis sentenced many I.'j.VJ. leaders to serve orison terms at Fort leavenv/orth. Among these leaders, several have v;on pardons, and are oeinrT released. One of the f'.ivi v/ho vdll be set free is C'.iarles Rothfisher, fomerly the editor of the Hungarian I.'-.'./, nevjspaper called A 3ern:unkas. He was sentenced to serve t.venty years in the Federal penitentiary. A bond of ten thousand dollars was set in order that he may be freed. The friends of I'r. Rothfisher succeeded in raising this siim, thereby insuring his freedom. II A 3 c HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune . July 27, 1928 • HDNQARIAN ARTISTS OF CHICAGO gizoEfoda^Tu) w;^ There are many Hungarian artists in Chicago who work quietly and stay behind the curtains until they achieve something notable that brings them not only material profits but recognition. These artists— painters, sculptors, and commercial artists — are forming an organization the puiTpose of which is not only to get them acquainted with one another but to allow them to carry together the torch of Hungarian genius. By the light of this torch they will be known by Americans and Hungarians, and they will know and recognize each other's talents, aiding each other in every way» According to plans, this little group of artists, numbering about twelve^ will exhibit their works this fall. By doing this they hope to prove to the American public that the Hungarians can compete favorably with other artists because they have ability.. ..• II A 3 C - 2 - fflJNQABIAN Magyar Tribune , July 27, 1928. WPA (111) PFOJ.2G275 We congratulate our Hungarian artists on their plans of organization and . assure them of our unlimited support. Whenever they need the columns of this paper, they will always be open to them. !• ATTITODES I. Politics !• Voting as Blocs I F 1 ^' * Otthon, Mar. 17, 1955. rT^LLY FO?v :.LaYCR More than tv:o hundred -iiin{::arian3, a'ion:r vrhom v/ere loaders of various political organizations, gathered at I^eTiiocratic Headquarters in the V/alnut Room of the Morrison hotel, Sunday afternoon. Dr. 'ilrno Lowinger, noted phj'-sician, leader of the Chicago-Hungarian democrats, and :vho also fills an important position in the City Health Department, acted as chairman. In a short talk, Dr. Lowinger stated that this meeting v;as called to- gether by the Kelly-for-IIayor Hungarian organization, a non-partisan club, with a view of inducing all Hungarians to vote for the administration in office at the present time. He voiced the fact that the Hungarians are o .'■• - 2 - !IU!vGk;j?I.\ll Otthon, I.!ar. 17, 1935. vTelconed by the Democratic party and that it is not only the duty of the Hiingarians, as citizens, to vote for Kelly, but it is to t leir political advantage. Dr. Joseph Kovach nioved that all Hungarians pledge their support to Kelly on his past record as .Mayor, Louis Szappanos seconded this motion and the meeting unanimously accepted it. The outstanding feature of the afternoon was the speech of Quin C*Brien, Clity Attorney, who represented Ma^or Kelly at the meoting. He assured th3 gathering of Kelly's gratitude for the support given by the Hungarians and promised to do his best toward them in the future as in the past. Ivlr. O'Brien also solicited the support for the Mayor in his difficult, but effective .vork. - 3 - HTTNaARI.:VN Otthon, Mar. 17, 1935 • After the addresses, the present Central Hiingarian Coinniittee was increased by the following members: L. Szappanos, A. Hakos, J. Soltesz, and J. Kocsis. The members of the Organizing Com^mttee are: J. Giba, chairman; J. Tury, J. Csonka, Dr. ijcuger, J. Fedor, L^« Lozar, and F* Falla. ViPn (\IL) t'i'C-i- ^C HUNGARIAN I E 1 I F 3 I F 6 l.J^il u • .\ Otthon, Apr. 5f 1931. IV (Bohemian) ' ^ ^* CERMAK AND THE PROBLELl OF UNEI^LOYK-IENT. p* 6 * The time hae come when Chicago's voters should come to the defense of the good name of their city, which is more notorious than any other city in America* This notoriety is deserved in part because crimes occur daily, protection and grsurt in public life is thriving, and gangsters can commit felonious crimes, because they know they will go free, if caught • Taxes are so high, especially on homes, that we are wondering how long we can hold on to them, or will we have to sacrifice them to the real estate sharks* The present city administration is responsible to a great extent for the unemployment situation, because it will not begin public works that were promised* « • 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, Apr. 5» 1931« We can remedy this situation only in one way * if we change the present bad economical system by voting next Tuesday for Anton J» Cermak* He and his associates will deliver Chicago out of the mire* R* Lamping* I F 1 HUNGARIAN I D 2 c I F 4 Magyar Tritiine , Feb. 6, 1931* 7/HO SHALL BH FJIYOR? The question of who shall be Mayor is a question vriiich interests Chicago's young and old alike. This is the question which prompted Chicago's Hungarian citizens to confer with their ward committeemen and to decide unanimously that they will endorse William Hale Thompson for Mayor. They concluded that Thompson is the best qualified of all contenders for the mayoralty of this metropolis of three and a half million population. Thompson proved his fitness for this high position during his four years in office His present program includes providing work opportunities. This is of interest to our Hungnrian workers. In addition, Thompson is a fpod friend of the Hun- garians. A' the present time there are more Hungarian-American citizens on 1^1 I D 2 c I F 4 - 2 - HUITPrARIAK Ma^-yar Tribune , Feb. 6, 1931. the city pay roll than ever before. It was decided that there v,lll be a Hungarian mass meeting at the Burnside Magyar Home. The 43rd VJard's Republican Club of the State of Illinois, vAiich is going to give a big banquet for the needy families of the unemployed, will discuss the question of employment. All Hungarians will be invited. The primaries will be held on February 24, 1931. No Hungarian- American voter should forget to exercise his right to vote. . I ? 1 HUWGARLilT I iT 4 I F 5 La.^yar Tribune , .^pr. 4, 1950. IV IC^LiTlO IZS^, G^TDIIUTE j'OR GCIJT!TY GOi....ISSlONER, ;Li;.ONG rni: republic. J^ P.iETY'J CilllDIDATES Every Hungarian voting for the "Republican ticket should deem it his duty to vote for Ignatio Izsak. The greater the number of rlun^arian-Americans voting for Izsak, the stroncer v;e Hungarians will become politcally. Lention this excellent Hungarian candidate to your friends and ask them to vote for him. / HUNGARIAN I r 1 L F 3 ^^^ ^ Otthon, Mar. 2, 1930. RUTH HANNA McCORMICK FOR SENATOR. p.Zm.mThe nomination of Ruth Hanna McCormick for Senator by the Republican party has aroused interest in Hungarian circles* Our countrymen are supporting her 9 because they know that honesty and ability are her characteristic qualities* Uany thousands of Hungarian*American citizens have pledged their word to vote for Mrs* McCormick at the primaries April 8* The interest in tie coming election is widespread* The people are not satisfied with present officials of county and city, because their property and lives are not safe* They demand honesty and service* Mrs* McCormick was born in 1380 in Cleveland, She has been in politics since she was sixteen, when she helped her father to campaign for McKinley* She is a member of the itfomen Yorkers* League. She advocates more humane immigration laws* She deserves our votes* I F 1 HUNGARIAN Otthon, Sept, 23, 1928, VOTES OF THE FOREIGN-BORN (Editorial) The Chicago Daily News ^ in an editorial, discusses the allegations of certain -^ politicians that the votes of the foreign-born citizens will be a decisive 2 factor in the coming elections. The News remarks that seven and one-half ^::i million naturalized citizens will vote November 6, and that they will not be r" led like sheep, but will vote according to their individual beliefs. tj o ^® iJ^'^^rpreter , a monthly publication wliich serves the interests of the \j^ naturalized citizens, concludes, after intense study, that the political views S of the various foreign newspapers differ as widely as do those of the Ameri- ^^^ can publications. There is no possibility that the Polish, German, Swedish, Italian, and Hungarian naturalized citizens will cast their votes in blocs. Therefore, the Daily News sees no political problem in this question. The so-called political leaders, who claim that the people whom they represent will vote as they are told by these leaders, are wrong, because I F 1 - 2 • HUNGARIAN Otthon, Sept. 23, 1928. the naturalized citizens do think for themselves and are interested in the campaign. They will vote as Americans and they are not all "wet** or "dry". There is no api)arent difference in intelligence between them and the native ^ voters . 5- Now that the Daily News has brought up the question of the votes of the natural- F ized citizens, we feel it our duty to bring to light the lamentable fact that ^ there have been persons calling themselves Hungarian political leaders who o have misled political organizations. They claimed to bring in the votes if ^ paid for their services. Year after year, especially during presidential S elections, we had the opportunity to observe these individuals. They received tn good pay, but we doubt that the votes they were able to bring in were in pro- portion to the money paid them by the political parties. During the last few years Hungarian departments have been set up by the Republican party. The heads of these departments will see to it that such persons do not have the opportunity for such misrepresentations in the future. I J. 3. '^''^^ ^"-'-•^ ^^^^^- -^O^.^S i"d~2 a (4) HUNGARIAN Otthon, :«5arch 18, 1928. LOUIS N. BLUiLJNIHAL FOR MUNICIPAL JUDGE p#2 ••••The Hungarians are exerting every effort to have Louis N. Blumenthal, Republican nominee for Judge of liunicipal Courts elected. Louis N. Blumenthal was attorney for the Austria-Hungarian Consulate years ago. At the beginning of the world war when the Swedish Consul took over the leadership of our Consulate, they sent Blumenthal to Frankfurt, 111*, to investigate the circum- stances of the deaths of several Hungarian miners who according to reports, were killed by deputy sheriffs during the strike. He made his report to the Department of Labor in Washington. For five years he was Assistant Prosecutor. At present he is the member of the law firm of Ungaro, Blumenthal and Romano with offices at 134 North La Salle Street. As assistant prosecuting attorney, he was of invaluable service to the Hungarians and deserves our whole hearted support. Wrn Oti J rnuj. JUz/5 HUNG.1RIAN I F 1 Otthon, Marc 1 20,1927. VARIOUS NATIONALITIES VOTE FOR THOMPSON ?•!•••• Chicago's foreign born citizens, regardless of nationality, or religion, are working for the election of »/illiam Hale Thompson for mayor. The Organizing Committee held its second meeting Tuesday, and new committee members were chosen. We can safely say that all nationalities are represented on the committee. There are many, who were for Dever, but for the good of the majority, rallied around Thompson. These foreign born voters will have a banquet in Thompson's honor r^rch 27, at the Sherman Hotel. I f 1 I F 2 ^"t-i^ Oil.) 'nlOi. 30211 HUNGARIAN Otthon, Jan. 23, 1927. REPUBLICAN CLUB OF ILLINOIS p.l« The South Chicago Branch of the Hungarian Republican Club held a meeting January 9 in the Reformed Church School Hall. The club admitted a few new members. « The aim of the club is to group the Hungarians into the one political organization^ It is to the advantage of all the Hungarians in South Chicago and Burnside to rally under the flag of t he Republican party» It is high time for the Hungarians to take their place in the political field, but they will have strength only in unity. All information supplied by John Meszaros, Jr« and Charles Banfy, presidents I F 1 HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune . Oct. 29, 1926. /TES. COLING ajiCTIOl^ (Editorial) On November 2 a very important election will be held. It is your duty as citizens of the United States to cast your vote. But vjhile casting your ballot it is also important to know that you are voting properly. This nev/spaper and its editorial staff has watched the campaign very closely and up to now has not stated whether they thought the Democratic candidates or the Republican candidates were more worthy of the votes of the Hungarian people. V/e have always been impartial and have tried to advise our readers to cast their ballots in such a vjay that it would be to the benefit of all Hungarian people, regardless of whether they were residents of Chicago or not. And in order to do this we think that the Hungarian people should cast their votes as a whole for the Republican party, because the candidates on the Republican ticket have done, and are doing, more for our people th^-n - \i. f" 1. V' ^ ^ 1 " ^ " HDHOARIAN Magyar Tribune , Oct* 29, 1926. has ever been done before. We are sincere in our advice and urge all Htmgarians to vote on November 2. t ^ .V !■ ;l .'■■>. mm 1 I F 1 IV EQNaARIAl-^ Llagyar Tribune , Oct. 22, 1926. TC THE CJ-:iCAGO iiui:aARiAi:s (Editorial) '.7e are all aware of the fact that vie are nearing a very important election. Very seldom has there been a campaign as interesting as the present one. Senator Deneen, v/ho has shoivn great interest in the affairs of the Hungar- ian people of Chicago, has asked Iliss Ivlarie Dienes to make a tour of the Hungarian colonies in Chicago and make speeches in behalf of the Republi- can party and to campaign especially for the Republican Senatorial candi- date, Frank L. Smith. Miss I.Iarie Dienes at the present time is a law student at Llorthwestern Uni- versity. In a very short time she v/ill be the first Hungarian lady ever to become a lawyer in the city of Chicago. V «>; I F 1 - 2 - lUITaARIAIJ IV Llagyar Tribune , Oct. 22, 1926. Miss Ivlarie Dienes is related to tiie former Representative Llarton Dienes, who is one of the oldest Hungarian persons in the United States. IVe believe that this young lady has the interest of the Hungarian people at heart; she is truly a very intelligent person and has an exceptional oratorical talent. \1e urge all societies to v/elcome !.:iss Dienes and to accept her as a guest, because she is there for a good cause in the name of the Republican party. '.7e are well av/are of the fact that x;e can not expect every Hungarian to vote Republican and it would be a narrow-minded statement to say that the Republicans are the only ones who are right. Our only hope is that Miss Dienes can return to Senator Deneen who is sending her on this mission in the name of the Republican party, and say that the Hungarian people accepted her in true Hungarian spirit. I F 1 HUNGARIAN I F 4 Magyar Tribune, Apr> 16, 1926, ELECTION RESLiLTS IN ILLINOIS (Editorial) That old American saying^ *'I told you so'*, will have to be repeated by us at this time. The election in Illinois is an indication of how the people feel about America becoming involved in any foreign entanglements • The selection of a man to fill an important position in Illinois politics provides a very good indication of the attitude of the people of the United /. States toward the World Court. To be quite frank about the matter, we think ,.. that Colonel Smith would never have had a chance against McKinley if the o ^' * ' a/ latter, had not admitted that he favored the World Court idea. "^/^y ^/ Thompson faction defeated the Deneen-Limdin group. ••... The Chicago Hungarians lined up with the victors many weeks before the election took place. The Hungarian people were well-organized for this election, and 0tt I F 1 I F 4 - 2 - Llagyar Tribune. Apr> 15, 1926. HUM3ARIAN therefore played a very important part in it» The Hungarians must remain organized in one political party in order that they may gain recognition and some day play a leading role in politics- something that has not yet been achieved • n / .A V / -*.,...... .'•■ I F 1 I F 5 I F 3 Magyar Tribune^ Aug> 29, 1924. HUNGARIAN .JDLII33ICII3 ABOUT THE KLAN (Editorial) ^ The scorching fire of election has started and is lighting up the entire political world. Certain facts that concern millions of individuals have been hidden and have gone without explanation. Both platforms, the Democratic and the Republican, have discussed certain social and political questions, and have taken definite stands in regard to these questions, but have neglected to assume any kind of a position in regard to the latest menace of society, the secret organization, the Ku ELux KLan* During the Democratic National Convention, this question came near split- ting the party. The Republicans decided to be non-partisans in regard to this question, which involves religious freedom, class distinction, and I F 1 I F 5 I F 3 IIUl-ia.RL.IT I.uagyar Tribune , ..u{:. 29, 1924 race distinction. >v certain faction of the Democratic party coKipoced mostly of Irish Catholics, v;ere all for coning;: out openly agc Aug. 29, 1924. HONGARIi'iN daring himself as to how he stands with reference to this question, in order that this question be eliminated from the political field. Naturally everyone will wait to see whether Coolidge will come out so openly to condemn the activities of the Ku Klux ELan* The immigrant is more concerned with this question than with anything else, because originally the Ku Klux Klan was formed to combat their entry into this country. ■h The Catholics, the Jews and the Colored people, regardless whether they are--- l^pj^ c^ immigrants or not, are the Elan's natural enemies. The Ku Klux Klan brand -^^^ b" these people as criminals. In certain states they have very good connections. In certain cities and towns their activities are shameful, and they are living through a mania of hunting people. There is even murder attached to the name of the "Klan." I F 1 I I F 5 F 3 -5- Magyar Tribune , Aug. 29, 1924, HUITGiJ^Lil^ It is a sad situation indeed when such an ignorant and unbridled organ- ization such as the Klan breaks through the crust of civilization in a great country like the United States • Therefore, it is very important that our leading politicians declare them- selves in regard to this issue, in order that such an organization be stamp- ed out like weeds v/hich bob up from time to time and later endanger the life of the entire nation. Therefore it is the duty of us imiidgrant American citizens to watch, and think seriously about v;hich of the leaders of the two great parties will protect those rights which were given to us when we become citizens of this country. We must also see to it, that national peace is preserved, and advancement and security for all is assured. IXJl- ' -6- HDWGARIAN I J 5 I I* 3 Magyar Trlbime^ Aug> 29, 1924# When we are assiired of the man from whom we can expect these things on a liberal and progressive basis, we will Join hands with that party in order to give more assurance for success, so that every inhabitant of the United States regardless of color, creed or nationality will have equal rights. Now we wait with curiosity as to what President Coolidge will have to say to this invitation. mm I. ATTITUDBS F. Politics 2. Part Played by Social and Political Societies (111.; 'c\\^j cU.:/d HDNGARIAN I F 2 I F 4 TTT A Otthon, Sept. 20, 1935. NOTICE TO CnrCAGO SOUTHSIDE HUNGARIANS The Hungarian-Ai erican Citizens Association held their monthly officers meeting on Sept. 5th. After completing past business, the question concerning lack of interest shown by the South Side Hungarian-American citizens in local politics and the political clubs. In the past, even as now they easily believed in opportunists, who used Hungarian organizations to further their own ends. V^e request the South Side H\ingarian-American citizens to become mem- bers of the Hungarian-American Citizens Association, a Huhgarian ''^ ('^-^v i v;cj. 3(;2;^ - a - HQITGARIAN Otthon, Sept. 20, 1935. political club. This is the only club on the South Side officially recognized by civic leaders. Msetings are held on the second Thursday of each month at the Magyar Home. I F 2 HUNGARIiiN Interest s Afciy 8, 1935 • [FUSION OF HUNGARIAl^ POLITICilL CLUBS] There are three Hungarian associations for political purposes in Burnside and that is just the reason why none of them could succeed in the past. Some farseeing leading persons saw this, and have tried to unite the associations into one, by calling a general meeting, where this proposition might be discussed and a greater formation founded, which could demand and merely plead for the rights of the Hungarians. Friday the 3rd of rtoy this general meeting was held in the Hungarian House. Two out of three political clubs consented without opposition to the fusion, and submitted themselves to the wished of the meeting. As the meeting discussed all the questions thoroughly, the time was so far advanced, that the participants could only elect the new president in the person of Jack Rosenfeld, and as for the election of the other officers it was decided, that a new meeting should convene on the next Friday, the 10th of Lteiy at the same place. Wr^A0LL)PROJ.302/b 1 F 2 I :ir 1 HDNGARIAN Otthon, Apr. 7, 19S5# ME2Tim 0? THE HUNGAHIAN-AMSRICAH CITIZENS • CIUB The liingarian-American Citizens* Club was organized a year ago* Durinc? this short time, it has accomplished results in the direction of securing a closer mutual relationship between the American Societies and the Hungarian voters. At the meeting in Hergl Hall on April 1, Sandor Rakos, chairman, presided. After reading of the minutes of the last meeting, Mayor Kelly's letter was read, in which he thanked the liingarian-American Citizens Club for their support. WPA(ILL)PKOJ.3G27^ - 2 - HONGARL^ Otthon. Apr. 7, 1935« Chairman Rakos asked the members to cast their votes for Kelly Tuesday. He also gave an account of the last neeting of the North Side Federation where the radicals have succeeded in gaining a majority. John Balags moved that the Citizens' Club withdraw from the Federation. John Bonifert seconded the motion. Joseph Lautner recommended deferring action in this matter until the decision of the other citizens and patriotic organizations is known • Among other things, the subject of leasing quarters for the club came up. This decision v/as po5'tponed also. I F 3 I ? 4 HUNCrARIAII Otthon, Jan. 20, 1935. NOTICE The Hungarian Republican Olub of V/est Pullman has decided to change its name to Hungarian-American Citizens Club of 7/est Pullman. Meetings of the Club are held at the Prokop Hall, 924 7/est 119th Street. The first meeting of the nevj year will be on January 31, at 7:50 P.M. The directors request citizens of the Ninth and Nineteenth V/ards to attend this meeting in large numbers so that with the united efforts of all, the Hungarians may forge ahead politically. WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275 I ? 2 I ? 4 HDNOARIAN Otthon, Dec. 9, 1934. CALLING THE ATT.JTOION OF SOUTH SIDE HUITGAJilAlIS The South Side Hungarian Citizens Club will hold its last meeting of the year on December 13, at 8 P.lf#, at Liberty Hall. As has been the custom of the club throughout its period of existence, new officers for the ensuing year will be elected on this occasion. All Hungarian-American citizens are requested to take a greater interest in using their political rights and also in all the activities of the Club. We urge all to attend this meeting in a WPA (ILL) PROJ. 3027b - 2 - HUi:aARIiy^T Qtthon, Dec, 9, 1934. body, particularly because this is the only club officially reco.mzed in the 8th v/ard and considered by politicians as the only representative or^:5anization of the Hungarians » './e have proved that the above statement is true v/hen political assistance or influence required to promote Hun,;arian interests. Everyone should be present at this year's final meeting and take part in the v;ork. Till v;e meet at the Liberty Hall, December 13, we are the Hungarian- American Citizens Association. !.!ichael Homok, president. SiYfA(iLUPRCJ.30275 I F 2 4- 4- ' , , ^ -, - 1 '^ -'/. T'T; • -' jj. •"' t "^ r \' Jhe 'Iun-'iria::i-.Jiorlcan Citizen.: .^scociaticn ;ill c'^lo' r-::te Vie uirthday ^- ""* : , I • I^'*'1 J"-' i 9'!"' "t '"^" '"''-'' "■' "• ^ ' ' "^^'^ ' '^ '^* 0':. ' i'l.- J::03e pr -ill osent .'ill jeiici '^i'^r'itul'.t^r'' leuter t.o "! /ri -f- 4- /^ -r-^ 4- /> -'- ^ ■-, Ci ■-'.i! re ::iaervt, ir ';:iicn - • JL ^ ^ . J. - 1 f-. ; Y* •■> » • - '-t.' Lcr lali^ ci t:ie ^.'or :in :i C' cL- ! v \J T - ^ T- ••<•" ¥1 I— #» .« .* i J'^tT ^>l' /•I : 1. r ■^ V • ■» r t -. -^ -^ -.1 •-; '- !,.op -•- '• y j r^ - ,_. T r •. --N — > T>- • ;-'^"'< ■T», -^' T --. -i-> r^ • /■•> . V. t ^ n , .C: o - r . . •• "re ■. r^» "^'C oC c 1 V .. J- . T • •» 1 • •> -L W?/wiLl-)PRO,;.so2/^ v^- -} v^ «>' • •"r*-'- t . crc .o •• • • - • ' . .-• .,) v> -. ...» ITS HDNGARI M Otthon, liar* 6, 1932 • NOTICE '' ' •' '-^<.V-7$ The officers of the Hungarian Republican Party of Burnside, v/ish to inform the Hiingarian-American voters that in view of the approaching elections, it has begun on intensive v/ork program. At its last meeting, it v;as decided to discontinue the monthly dues, bO that now any Himgarian-born Aiaerican citizen may join without cost. The next meeting of the Republican Club v;ill be held Tuesday, Mar. 8, at the Reformed Church School Kail, at 7:30 p. M. I F 2 I F 1 HTTT-GA^IAr^ Otthon, Feb. 21, 1932 • /ailCAGO IIUIJrxARIAl^T GITIZ^JS* CLUB/ ♦United we stand, divided we fall,'* is a true expression, and Hungarians of Chicago's South Side gave heed to it when the Citizens' Club was organized. T:ven thoufrh the Citizens' Club has many members, the directors wish to ask every one to join. It is time that the Hungarian-American citizens are given their rightful place in local politics. In the past this has been impossible because of petty jealousies. The Club is nonpartisan, but its aim is to have the Hungarians vote as a bloc for the man who is best fitted for office. We believe that Hungarians of the South Side will realize that it is in their interest to become members of this Club. The monthly dues are only ten cents. I F 2 - 2 - HTl^-TOAPjA^T I F 1 Otthon, Feb. 21, 1932. The meetings are held on the first and third ^Vednesdays of every month at the Magyar Home. -tr- O CO €J1 1^2 III B 3 a IIUNOARIAri III A Otthon, !'ar. 8, 1931. ATTFTITIOK, ?.!AS3 T.T^TTDTINCrl Recently we received the follov/ing notice, and we are glad to ,^ive it sriace in our paper: '♦Dear Countrymen: The time has come for Hungarian- American citizens to take .:::v their place among other nationality groups in Chicago to do their part in the p social work of the city. To achieve this purpose the Citizens' Club has been % formed on Chicago's South Side. This Club is arranging a mass meeting which g will be held on March 15, together v;ith the celebration of the Hungarian ^ Independence Day. "I^inent speakers \vlll discuss the subjects of good citizen- g ship and Hungarian unity under one flag. 5> ♦♦Let us make this a great occasion! Bring your families with you. ^The procession begins at 2 P.^^ ; it will start from the Hungarian Home, and will ^^^^ . 2 - ijumi^mMi Otthon, !'ar. 8, 1931. proceed to Roseland, ^7est Pullr-an, and South Chicero, then back to the Magyar Hone where the mass meeting will take place. ''Patriotically, "The Committee of the Citizens' Club.** I — o I F 2 I F 1 IV HUl^G/^JOiil^ i:agyar Tribxine, Feb* 6, 1931. TEE SOUiK SIDE IIUi;aA.RlAN INDEPEITDEOT CITIZENS' CLUB On January 31, the South Side Hungarian Independent Citizens* Club was formed* The meeting held at the Llagyar Home was well attended by Hiingarian-American citizens. The officers are the following: John Soltesz, president; Samuel Loewy, recorder; and Albert Zenovics, secretary. The purpose of the Club is to gather Hungarian-American citizens who live on the South Side of Chicago into one large group, so that they may take active part in politics as other national groups do. It is advisable that those Hungarians who are /imerican citizens join this organization, because it is necessary that the Hungarians have an audible voice in politics. I F 2 I F 6 IV HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , July 18, 1930. NOTICE TO ALL BRANCHES OF THE ILLINOIS HUNGARIAN REPUBLICAN CLUB Fellow-Citizens! The report of the Committee investigating the expenditures of Mrs. Hanna McCormick in the primary elections, published in the Chicago American, shows that of all the national groups, the Hungarian is the only one mentioned as having accepted money for its co-operation. We all know that our by-laws strictly prohibit the acceptance of money. Therefore, I request all the officers of the branches, including the West Side and V/est Pullman branches, to contact the writer so that we may take steps not only to find out who were the individuals who took this money but also to question their right to represent the respectable Hungarians of Chicago. The writer deems it imperative to call a conference together, because I F 2 I F 6 IV - 2 - Magyar Tribune . July 18, 1930. HDNGARIAN our president has left the city without notice and the secretary is incompetent* Respectfully, Charles Banff y, First Vice-President. I F 2 HUNGARIAN I F 1 I F 4 Magyar Tribune , Apr. 4, 1930. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE HUNGARIAN REPUBLICAN CLUB Hungarian Brethem! Voting Citizens! The Bumside Hungarian Republican Club appeals to you regarding the approaching elections. This Club represents organized political power and influence in our district. All the candidates of the Republican party acknowledge our organization and turn to us for support at election time. Every Hungarian whose sympathies are Republican would do well to join our Club, for it is a well-known fact that strength lies in unity. Just look around at other national groups, the Germans, Italians, Poles, and Czechs. They have had political representation in Chicago for many years thanks to the fact that they have co-operated with one another. Let us do likewise. Therefore, Hungarian brethem, rally around the flag of the Chicago Hungarian Republican Club and carry the demands of the Hungarian-Americans to victory. I F 2 - 2 - I I F 1 F 4 HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Apr. 4, 1930. Election day will be on April 8. Of the many candidates running for office, the one whose election interests us the most is Elmer Brown. He represents the Tenth Ward, our own camp. He worked himself up from the ranks of the working class, therefore, he understands the workers' problems. The workers can expect the greatest benefit and acknowledgment from him. He promised that, if he is elected, he will help us get any necessary favors. Therefore, on April 8, when voting for V/ard Committeeman, vote for Elmer Brown. There will be a meeting in his interest on Friday at the I,:agyar Home. On this occasion Elmer Brown will address the voters. , Free refreshments will be served after the meeting The Burnside Hungarian Republican Club tmaim - "**' ** - WPA (ILL.) FRO J I F 2 HDNGARIAN I F 5 Otthon, Mar. 16, 1930. IGNATIO IZSAK TO RUN POP OOUNTT COMMISSIONER. p«2..#Ignacio Izsak will run for the office of Coxinty CommisBioner, in the jKrinaries Apr. 8. The oonmittee working in Mr. Izsak* s interest » will meet Mar. 18, Tuesday evening, at the hall above the Imnigration State Bank, 343 7. North Ave. All those who wish to aid the committee, in their efforts, are asked to come to the meeting place at the appointed time. \ I F 2 WPh (ILL) FKOJ. 30275 HUNGARIAN Otthon, Jan. 26, 1930. lEV/ OFFICERS OF TUP. RUI-UBLICAN CLUB p.2» The Hungarian Republican Club elected its new officers for this year as follows: Charles 3anffy, president; Bert Sali, vice-president; Rev. Gregory Garay, recorder; lichael folyan, Sr, treasurer. iit the meeting of January 5, it was decided to contact other :i.epublican clubs so that other Hungarian clubs may be organized. WPA(lLL)PiiOJ.ouz;:> HUI3GARIAN I F 2 Otthon, Lar.4,1929. TIffi CITIZENS CLUB. p. 2. •..The Citizen's Club, which v/ill take the place of the disorganized Kepublican Club will nuve a meeting . onday, ^-ar. 4 at 7:30 P.k. in the ^^est Side Reformed ^^hurch ^c lool Mall. The management invites all Aiaerican citizens of Hungarian birth to attend, especially those living on the ./est Side of Chicago. WPA (ILL) PRCJ. 30275 HUNGARIAN I F 2 I F 4 Otthon, Sept. 30, 1928 • OPENING OF HUNGARIAN DEPARTMENT OF DEMOCRATS. p«2*«**The headquarters of the Hungarian Democrats has opened at the Sherman Hotel 9 Room 474 » All those who wish to assist in the election campaign of Al* Smith for president should report at the above mentioned address* The Hungarian Committee of the Democratic Party will welcome everyone* I F 2 EUITaiiRL;!^ IV Magyar Tribune, June 22, 1928. TFL.^ DEDICATION The Hungarian Republican Club of Bumside dedicated its flag on Sunday, June 17. It won the flag in a membership drive this spring..... The sponsors of the flag were Oscar V.olff , coroner, and his v/ife. The principal speakers v;ere Reverend Eugene Boros, pastor of the Hungarian Reformed Church of Burnside; Reverend Joseph Kovalchik, pastor of the St. Peter and Pa\il Hungarian Greek Catholic church of Burnside; Oscar vVolff, coroner; Oscar Kelson; and Louis Nagy, president of the Central Hungarian Republican Club of Chicago* After the ceremony there was a banquet at the Llagyar Home. HUNGARIAN I F 2 VurM (ILL) PROJ. 30275 Otthon, Mar. 11, 1928. ORGANIZATION OF HUNGARIAN BORN DEMOCRATS p. 2.. Hungarian born Democratic citizens had thel^first meeting Saturday at the Sherman Hotel. Martin O^Brien, Chairman of Cook County Democrats, greeted those present and assured txiem of recognition and support^ At the next meeting the ward leaders and the elected committee will be present. If you wish to join this organization see Mrs. Dennis 6* Yorke, secretary at the Sherman Hotel, Room 404. I F 2 I F 1 HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Nov. 11, 1927. SPECIAI. lISETINa OF THE HUNGARIM REPDBLICAN CLUB OF ILLINOIS The Hungarian Republican Club of Illinois had a very interesting special meeting, where the delegates of all the Chicago branches were present. The Club has four branches, namely: Bumside, North Side, South Chicago, and West Pullman. The delegates of all branches reported a great increase in membership and activity. They decided that beginning in December they will start evening lectures on citizenship, constitution, and politics al all the branch meeting places. Some of the branches will hold evening gatherings with the purpose that the members may get acquainted with the ward poli- ticians. The North Side Branch is having a tea party in honor of Titus Haffa, alderman of the 43rd Ward, on Nov^nber 17. The South Chicago Branch will invite ward politicians to their meeting place at 8506 Burley Avenue on November 19 I F 2 I F 1 M agyar Tribune , Sept. 9, 1927 HUNG.iRIAN ^/^TUNGL^RL^ HEPUBLICMS GET BUSl/ The Illinois Hungarian Republican Club has increased its zone of influence by establishing branches in the Ninth and Nineteenth ;/ards. They had their first meeting at 924 West 119th Street, v/ith Kalman Balogh acting as president. It was decided to name the new addition 'n?he ./est Pullman Branch of the Illinois Hungarian Republican Club." The officers are Joseph Stratinszky, president; Stephen Beluschak, secretary; Julius Drogpoty, treasurer It would be well for our countryiaen to join this organization in great numbers. I F 2 Otthon, Sept. 25, 1927 • S HUNGARIAN REPUBLICAN MEETING p.2 The South Chicago Hungarian Republican Club had a meeting on September 18 at the Reformed Church School Hall, Charles Banfi presiding. Many attended this meeting and there were lively debates about the current political events • I F 2 ]^ILi:Ca^RLUI II B 1 a I C Lar>yar Tribune , kar* 4, 1927. succESbjii y:t:UdE. ii: bihi:side The Burnside Branch of the Liagyar Republican Club of Illinois is taking active part in the present elections, especially the mayoralty campaign. 7/e believe that the parade of February 19, sponsored by the club v/ill never be forgotten by the Hungarian voters of Burnside. 'The parade v/as in honor of V/illian Hale Thompson, mayor elect. Lore than thirty-eight automobiles, decorated v/ith Thompson signs, filled i/ith Hungarians, and a truck in v/hich the Hungarian Brass Band rode, started the parade through the seventh, eighth, and tenth v/ards to the hall in South Chicr.{ o. i..r. B. Braun, committeeman, reserved 200 seats for the Hungarians, but they v/ere not enough. I.j?. './illiam Hale Thompson was very favorably impressed v/hen he was greeted by the beautiful music of the Hungarian Brass Band. ■Then Lr. Thompson concluded his lengthy address, the chairman called upon -< \ r'. r^/ 2 • XxUi^ yJi xJl 1^ ixi II B la I C kagy?-:.r Tribune , Lar. ^, 1927. Kali:ian 3alogh, president of tue Burr^side Branch to opeak. In a few v.orcls he expressed the senti;:ient6 or the liun^.xrians reG^rdin^^ the iaayoralty caiapaign. The Burnside Club is preparing for haid ;.ork before tne election of ^x; ril 5, and v.e have heard that thuy v.ill hold a Jiaii^ iieetiao at t>..s rl. r. Hall in ;.hc neaa: future, v-hen Tnohipson is scheduled to be tiit principal spe^^icer. / ^..• > \ -J . _ 1 1 ,- .A i^ \ ■^r^-.'' I F 2 KUI-iaARIAII II A 3 b IV Llagyar Tribune , Oct. 29, 1926* LUIK^IISCi: GITEII Ii: HCnOR CF THCI!PSON The Cook County Hungarian Republican Club gave a luncheon last Saturday noon in honor of Mayor Thompson. This luncheon took place at the Hungarian Cafe v/hich is managed and ovmed by /ilex Schv;artz. That Ilayor Thompson is a well-liked and popular man among the Hungarian people I'/as proven by the fact that the Cafe v/as paciced v/ith Hungarian people. Before the guest of honor arrived there vjere many short speeches from other Republican candidates. After these political speeches there follov/ed a Hungarian-American concert and song program. The Araerican part of the prograra v/as directed by llr. V.-eil of the 1-erald ana Examiner radio station, and the Hungarian part of program v;as handled by Stephen Toth, who presented the Hungarian opera singers, Ilary Hondor and Elizabeth Biro. The audience was over\7helmed with j;^ o HUIKJARIATT II IV -rt. o Llagyar Trib une, Cct* 29, 1926. the operatic and folk son,:;;;s that v/erc sun^^ by these t'.;o outstanding Hungarian singers • After the nusical part of the progran I.a^^or Tiionpson took the floor and in a three-qua .'ter hour speech made it ver^ clear that the Hungarian peo- ple had played a very important part in the devfilopment of Chicago in the past seventy-five years. After this very notable speech by the L'ayor, Ignac Izsak read a letter v/hich v/ps sent to him by Frank L. Smith, the Republican Senatorial candi- date. Smith said that if he v/ere elected he v/ould do everything in his power to put the Hungarian name in the limelight. ■y I F 2 I.:a::;yar Iribune , Oct. 8, 1926* tiij: :.ji:i!nr:^ of the oogk jounty HCNGARIAIJ The Cook Ooimty Hungarian Ttepublican Glub held a special meetinr; last Fri- day evenin^i-: at which several important questions viere discussed. Ignac Izsak discussed the purposes of the organization. He made it understood that the Republican Glub did not want to be an enemy to any other Hungarian organization, be it political or other-jise. He also stated that the Glub v/as organized for the good of the Hungarian people. He said that the Glub 7/as open to every serious thinking Hungarian person v/ho night be interested in being of some service to the Hungarian people in the future. He made an important issue of the fact that the members should be selected cautiously because, he said, his experience in the past had taught him that there v;ere many Hungarians v/ho v/ere jealous and vjho had different hatreds in their hearts, and that eventually these peoole broke up or disrupted the work of the organizations to which they belonged. I F 2 - 2 - HDNGARIA^T IV Magyar Tribune > Oct. 8, 1926. The Club endorsed the Harding-Crowe, Barrett-Thompson Republican faction. They also decided to invite a fevj of the candidates to one of their meetings where they would honor tliem with a good Hungarian supper. This Club is legally chartered and recorded according to the laws of the State of Illinois. I F 2 HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Mar, 13, 1925, TEE MEETING OF THE HUNGARIAN REPUBLICAN CLUB The Chicago Hxingarian Republican Club held a most interesting meeting last Tuesday. Many important proposals were dispussed and acted on. It was decided to send a letter of sympathy to the family of the late Senator McCormick who had been an honorary member of this organization. His death was a great blow to his fellow members who held him in great respect • It was also decided that a telegram be sent to President Coolidge wish- ing him success and good luck on his inauguration. I F I F 3 I F 4 I F 6 III H III G I C II[M>-aLm LCacy^r Tribune , Mur. 13, 1921. col!i:itt:;::] on nziKyn^j^ioii i:^:NTin iiuiia^H^ to co:tf:h v:itii PREsiDimT hj^hig ?7e recently read a list of nembers of a Committoe v/ho are preparing to leave our lior.ieland for Jonerica to confer v/itli President Harding in the interest of our honeland. According to their prof-ram, aside fro:.: con- ferring with or President, they want to contact the Hungarians in .iTierica, so thoy can gain fleece us of our h.ird earned savings. These gentlemen are allegedly cornin - here to renuest our President to consider the rav; deal our homeland has received, and to use his influ- ence tov:3j*d invalidating the Versai ..les treat^r. If this actual!;^ would be their only ^urpose, then, of course, it would be only natural for us Han"3Tians in .'jnorica, :-.nd a duty ve oue our honeland, to oxert all our efforts to help then, thereby giving our President nore cause for favorable consideration md action. Surely, it is the deep desire of ever^^ Hunarian-Zaiierican that justice and peace shall cone to our demolished homeland. Indeed, if this one aiiu is leading thee self-styled gentlemen to America, then not a single Hung^xrian in the entire b'nited States would hesitite to serve or sacrifice his life for the honeland. I F 2 3 4 6 I F I F I F III K III G I C -2- Iviamrar Tribune, l^r. 18, 1921 IIUIiaJ^I.:jJ However, v/e foresee an entirely different picture of the natter. V/e honestl:^ say, v;ithout fear of being criticized, that v;e can- not find anything else in th.. niatter, except that it is an av/k- vjard chess loove. The gentlemen froia Hungary have a fixed idea that the Hungarians in ^jierica are *^loaded" v/ith dollars, Naturally, they want to lighten our burden, and take sone of the ''load off of our hands." Consequently, they are coning here for money. Anyone, who has carefully and constantly read the nev/spapers of Hungary, has read many times the expressions of opinions of the high politicians and wealthy businessmen stating that only the Hungarians in .jaerica could bring Hungary out of the financial mire, and rebuila our homeland. It is true that the Hungarians in i'jnerica are not as poor as the people in our homeland, but if the people over there believe thiat v;e are "bath- ing in milk and butter," then they are very sadly raistaken. The larger portion of the Hunger ian-^^nericans are nothing more than ordinary workers, I F 2 • - 3 - IiUlvTaLRiaT I F 3 I F 4 I F 6 III H III G I C r.agyar Tribune, ilar. 18, 1921. v;ho have never earned more than sufficient to "provide the nec- essities of life. In this v^ay, the amount saved was sinall. One can easily S33 that the peo )le of Jjnerica have their troubles too, th it they are quietl3" undergoing a change, financially. This change is being mshed by the laboring class, and so the Hungarians of /^erica feel the pressure of the financial change. The Hungarians of .America did have money saved up, but, today that money has been decreased considerably. Let us think of the last six months when the majority in .xierica have either become unemployed, or are work- ing for very small wa^res. Yet we must live. Living expenses and clothing still re..iain at a high level. In fact, tliere is a movement going on to raise rent prices. So it is understojd, that the poor worker must of nec-/o essity reach for his meager savings. './lien you are continuai;..y withdraw- |-/ r,"! % 7 > til.*:. ing from a savings account without depositing regularly, it surely means Vt that the balance always grows smaller and smaller, until the entire savings are gone. For the above reasons, it is certain th-t the scheme of these titled gentlemen y vT c I F 2 I F 3 I F 4 I F 6 III H III G I C - 4 - EUITGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Lliar. 18, 1921 vjill not succeed. In fact, without the above reasons, their schemes would have been unsuccessful. The Hungarians of America would never have given them their money, because vie do not and cannot believe in or trust their promises. Those promises which were made, as usual, were never fulfilled. Then again, these gentlemen picked a very poor time to come to /unerica to discuss the problem of the homeland. Not only do they know, but the entire Vrforld knows that America cannot, and will not change the Versailles peace treaty. Only lUngland and France could accomplish this, and because they are the beneficiaries of the treaty, the politicians and diplomats do not want to hear of any such actions. These wild animals, dressed up in human flesh, do not wish to come within a hair breadth's distance of their motto, ' ^Vae Victis ," (woe to the vanquished). If the titled gentlemen from Hungary v/ere desirous of bringing our relations closer to the homeland, then they should have found a better reason. To gain our confidence with useless phrases, is impossible, for we are tired of hear- ing them, and do not want to hear any iiiore of such flov/ery phrases. ■I I F 2 I F 3 I F 4 I F 6 III H III G I C -5- llRtyyav Tribune, Vnv. 18, 1921. IIUIiailLJ;! If our homeland de:-iroc to step into closer relationship :;ith us, they should not send titled rentlemen to us, v;ho throu: hout their lifeti:.:e, have taken adventar^ of the poor Hunrarian v/orkinr class, and have taken their last drop of blood avjay from then. They should send such men v;ho fi^ht for the poor \-;^rkinr: people, nen v;ho stru.r^^le and suffer v/ith them. These nen villi not cone to us v;ith flov;ery phrases, but with the actual truth. V/e v;ill believe and make our sacrifices for these men. V/hen those titled f^entlemen arrive, we will graciously welcome them, for they, too, are the soiis of our hoifieland. ./e will also v;atch the parade, in fact, perhaps, we will join thorn, as loniC* as it v;ill not cost us money. V/e brinf^ to the attentior of the Hungarians in iimerica, far in advance, to v/atch their pocket books very closely, see that they do not become em.pty. To empty the pocket books of the IIun{/arian-Americans, is the sincere desire of the titled Gentlemen from Iiun[-:ary» ._ «•'' 1 £■ Z I F 1 III A IV II A 1 HUNGARI^ Ifeigyar Tribiine. Aug. 30, 1918 •,\ \!'-^ >v HOTTGARIAIT PCLITIC.iL OxRGAlTIZATION There will be a -reat political fight this Spring and Fall because the State, County and City elections are coming up. The Hungarian- American citizens do not v;ant to lose the opportunity to aid the election of the man of their choice. Therefore, vie can mention the factors necessary for starting a political organization* V/e know that the Hungarian-.^iierican citizens have favored the Democratic party • It was back in 1905 that there was an orginizdtion under the title of - 2 - HUNa^RLtfT Kagyar Tribune . Aug. 30, 1918. ''The Hungarian- American Democracy,^ which society was granted a charter. It was in this organization that the Chicago Hungarian-Americans gained recognition as Democrats. The organizing committee consists of such prominent nen as Joseph Fekete, prominent Hungarian lawyer, Dr. Ernest Lovenger, and Louis Zidrou. This organization intends to take an active part in the present primary elections, but it is more important to become organized and take active interest in the x'all elections. By doing this, this organization can develope into an organization of influence keeping future elections in mind. The main objective of this organization will be to familiarize the - 3 - HJITOARLaN I^gyar Tribune , Aug. 30, 1918. Hungarian-American citizens with their rights as citizens of this country, in order that these people may be able to take part in the political history of this country. It would be a great achievement to see the Hungarians go, to the polls to vote in great masses. They should take a big part in the decision of important questions xvhich would be in the interest of their fellow American citizens, as well as in the interest of the country from which we came. mm WPA0LL.)PROJ.3C2/b I F 2 mmoARiAN • i.. Ill A Magyar Trlbana « Jan. 19, 19I8« HUNGARIAN REPUBLIGAN PART7 It la Juat a faw daya ainea tha Hungarian Rapublican Club vaa f ormad« At tha organising maating it gaTa ona graat plaaaura to aaa that thara wara 80 aany Hungarian*Amarioan citisana who wara intaraatad in tha political Ufa of thia country* Aa yat vo hara not found out wha vaa on the organising coisBitteay but tha latter aeka all tha Hungarian Republican Totara to join thia organisation* Ita purpoaa ia to gat mora Hungarian people intereated in American politiea It will alao try to co-ordinate aocial life with political actlTitiaat and impreaa upon the rotera the iaportanca of taking an actira part in tha conduct of our country*a affaire* I. ATTITUDES F. Politics 3. Programs and Purposes J p 3 HUNGARIAN I D 2 c Otthon, Feb. 8, 1931. Wft^(ilUPHOj. 302/5 THE HUNG/iRIANS FOR TH0l!P30N p,2...A group of American-Hungarians pledged themselves to the support of William H. Thompson at the coming mayoral election . They gave Thompson a vote of confidence and cited his record of the last four years • Among the things he accomplished are - improvement of transportation; also, in the question of subways, he advocates employment of those men now on relief, so that, like in England, instead of the dole, able bodied men would be given an opportunity to work. WrniiLL,)PCCJ.30./D I F g I F 6 I F 4 17 HDNOAHIAN Magyar Tribune . Oct. 22, 1920. ON THE EVE OF ELECTION (Editorial) The wayes of election are piling on us, and out of the many candidates, we feel that we should remind our readers of a few who deserve our votes. This election is of very great importance due to the fact that the leaders of the nation will be elected. r.r\'^,'^l. - 2 - HDIJGARIAN Magyar Tribxme , Oct. 22, 1920. We feel that we do not want to be involved in influencing Hungarian voters with reference to the national election. But we feel that there are a few candidates who are running on the State ticket who deserve recommendation* Firsts we must examine the position and its responsibilities , then the men who are seeking these positions, finding out if they are capable of handling the responsibilities connected therewith. In Chicago and Cook county the battle for election has been furious* This election involves unusually important positions; therefore, it is vvPA^lLDPROJ, 30275 - 3 - HDNGASIAN Magyar Tribune , Oct* 22, 1920. necessary that the voters consider very carefully each candidate. The highest position in the county and city is the States Attorney Present conditions as they exist in Chicago are shameful. There is hardly a week that goes by without a bank, train, or payroll v/agon robbery. These conditions v^ere probably brought about by the World War because during that period all pickpockets and petty larceny thieves came to Chicago, figuring it an easy city in ^A^hich to work. There have bean more hangings in Chicago than in any civilized section in the world, and still there are quite a few people loose who belong in a hangman's noose. Today the voters of Chicago are facing a very grave v^rA(iLL.)PROJ, 30275 - 4 - HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Oct. 22, 1920. problam: the office designated to pxinish criminals and to preyent crime is to be filled. Two rery worthy gentlemen are seeking the States attorney's job: Judge Crowe, the republican candidate, and Michael Igoe, the democratic candidate. It is not our policy to belittle or involve anyone in scandal • We will not com^^t ourselves with reference to Judge Crowe, but we will say that Michael Igoe is the better-fitted man for the position. We do not select him la the interest of the paii^y to which he belongs, because we are >fs\^h{\\x:)?^l^--^' - 5 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribime . Oct. 22, 1920 absolutely independent In passing our verdicts Igoe has been assistant Staters attorney for eight years and has fulfilled the requirements of that office most nobly. We think that if Igod is elected, we can be assured that he will al?;ays have the people's interest at heart • During the past eight years, Mr« Igoe has been the Democratic majority leader of Illinois and his record shows that he has always stood by the interest of the working class • Mr. Igoe has built an enviable record for himself • vyPA (ILL) PRCJ. 30275 - 6 - HDNGARIAN Ma^grar tribune > Oct. 22, 1920# We also want to tell our readers that Mr* Igoe knows that there are a great number of Hungarian votes in Chicago* If Igoe is elected, the Hungarian people can rest assured that they will receive adequate protection. He has also promised to put a Hongarian-speaking man in his office, to whom all Hungarians may go in order to solve their problems* « Two vary good Hungarian men guarantee us that Mr. Igoe will not forget the Hunger la n people of Chicago* They are Dr. Ernest Towinger and Joseph Fekete, the lawyer. • 7 . HDMGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Oct. 22, 1920. It is our duty, therefore, to .:in every Hangarian vote for Mr. Igoe. Regardless of political affiliation, you should make an exception and vote for Llichael Igoe. Those who vote for Michael Igoe will be voting for a deserving man. Ha is the friend of the people and especially a friend of the Hungarian. The most prominent people of Chicago are fighting the battle for the election of Mr. Igoe. We gladly join hands in this bai^tle and warmly recommend the election of Igoe. V/e sincerely hope that Michael Igoe will be our next States attorney. I F 5 I F 1 HUMJiLRIAIT Magyar Tribune , liar. 28, 1919. HSFORE XJ: elect A MAYOR There will be five candidates on the ballot seeking the nominations for the office of I^iayor in the city of Chicago. They are: Thompson, a Republican, Sweitzer, a Democrat, Hoyne, an Independent party candidate, Fitzpatrick, the orr^nized Workers' candidate, and Collins, a Socialist. Undoubtedly, the principals in this fight vjill be Thompson, Sweitzer and Hoyne,. and .vhen the primaries are over, it will be a battle betv/een Thompson and Sweitzer for the office of I.layor of the City of Chicago* \ sv' ci --// / --^ - 2 - HDNGARIAK Ifetgyar Tribune > Mar, 28, 1919. Now, two questions arise as to v^hich of these two is better fitted for the position, and v;hich one v^ould have the welfare of the Chicago-Hungarian at heart. These are the important questions in the minds of the Chicago-Hungarian voters. Thompson has his good points and we can say the same about Sweitzer. Thompson, as ma/or, worked hard and stood his ground well. While in office, he was not connected with any scandal, or outrageous graft situations. Many people do not like Thompson because he did not act in accordance with the ideas of the 7/ar press, but there are many people who like him for that reason. Both Thompson and Sweitzer are good business men. The press seems to be the severest critic of Thompson. It will be disappointed if he is elected. J - 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune ^ Mar. 28, 1919. Thompson had promised the Hungarian people many things, but never fulfilled any of these promises, and consequently, many are organized to work against him. Sweitzer, at the present time, is County Clerk, and has shown his honesty, integrity, and benevolent heart to the city of Chicago and Cook County. Many people are biased because he is of German descent. But during the War, he fully cooperated and v;orked whole -he art 8 dly with the State Council of Defense in organizing patriotic organizations among the Hungarians and Grermans 7/e do not know if Sweitzer will keep the promises v;hich he has made to the Hungarian people during his campaign, but we do know that we have ftBbng us - 4 - HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Mar. 28, 1919. prominent Hungarian Democrats who fully and whole-heartedly endorse the election of Sweitzer. The Hungarians of Chica.^o commands a large number of votes. They should give their votes to those whor. they think is the best man for the City of Chicago as a whole, and, particularly, to a man who will do something that will benefit the Chicago-Hungarians. This paper, and its staff, recommends the election of Sweitzer. f J WPA(IlL)KKUJ.ju^/o I y 5 I s HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune, Mar. 22, 1918 TOY SHOULD ^*E ELECT HIM? (Editorial) It won't be long before we have elections in the city of Chicago, and all the parties and those who won in the primaries are getting prepared for the campaign. These politicians use many devices in trying to convince people that they are the better candidates* One device is the medium of advertising* While traveling around through the city we were attracted by a sign, which had the following phrase printed on it; "Protect against the high cost of living, and elect Laflin for alderman*" ffe don*t hold anything against Mr* Laflin, nor do we want to stand in his way against becoming alderman^ We believe that he can accept the salary of an alderman and spend that salary just as well as any one else can, without hurting us any* If this man were really a man who would come out with facts ,And he told us that what he wanted was the money, maybe we might give him a hand^ and helpjand why shouldn't we? I^PA (ILL.) PROJ. 30275 - 2 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune t Mar. 22, 1918. Mr* Laflinfas a Socialist, believes in the teachings of Carl Marx* Mr. Laflin can do no more against the high cost of living than he can do about a cure for tuberculosis ^pr a cure for infantile paralysis. He is very humble in making this promise, because he could promise a lot more, but by making this promise he is telling us that he is going to cure all our troubles. Therefore, if you are easily led^and believe in the same principles as Mr. Wflin, vote for him. After all^we do not believe that Mr. Laflin can lower the cost of living, but he can't make it any higher either^even if he wanted to, due to that fact that he does not have anything to say about distribution of products. r !• ATTITDIES F. Politics 4. Sztent of Influence I F 4 HDNGARIAN I F 1 I F 5 Magyar Tribune . Apr. 11, 1930* IV THE CmCAGC PRIMARIES Defeat of Hungarian Candidates; Mrs, McCormick VJins Decisive Victory The Chicago primaries, which attracted national interest, were not just a regular election, but a fight within the Republican party* Mrs. McCormick's victory over Deneen was sensational* The support of the foreign-born contributed greatly to her victory The Hungarians, es- pecially, manifested great interest in the results of the primary. Two Hungarian candidates took part in the internal struggle of the Repub- lican party. Ignatio Izsak, candidate for County Commissioner, was one of the sixty persons after the ten posts for county commissioners* Otto Reich received the largest number of votes — over two hundred thousand. I F 4 - 2 - HDNGARIAN I F 1 I F 5 Magyar Tribxme . Apr. 11, 1930. IV Chicago Republican votes, this is two per cent. However, some of the V- Izsak received nine thousand six hxindred votes • Of the half million Chicago Republican votes, this is two per cent, contestants received even fewer votes than Izsak. .^ It is regrettable that Izsak was elirainated from the list of candidates, but after all there were only ten nominations for sixty candidates and fifty of them had to be dropped out in any case. We are convinced that if all the Hungarian voters would have done their duty by Izsak, he would have attained a much better result. As it is, inany people promised him their support and then voted for someone else. This is bad Hunr^arian politics and shortsighted tactics. Frank Palla, who ran for committeeman in the 43rd Ward, was defeated by Burmeister I F 4 I F 1 I F 5 IV - 3 - Magyar Tribune > Apr. 11, 1930. HUNaARIAN We are all sorrj'^ about Palla*s defeat, but in both cases — Izsak's and Palla*s — victory was not to be expected. They wanted moral acknowledg- ment more than victory. They are to be commended for their courage. The Association of Foreign Language Newspapers, which endorsed McCormick, Reich, Savage, and Pedersen, is to be congratulated for the victory of these ccmdidates, all of whom won by large pluralities. ^''^ OLD PRoi 3027c^ HUNGARIAN I F 4 Ctthon, Oct. 14, 1928. LASS IvEIiJriNG (Adv) p.2.... A big Hun^rian mass meeting zo ai in electing ov. al. Smith president will be held at the Hungarian Home, 92nd St. and i3auphin Ave., Oct. 21, Sunday evening at seven. Hungarian speakers will acquaint the public with the importance of the presidential election from the Hungirian point of view. K^usical and artistic program. Everybody is welcome. Smith for president* Hungarian and American committee. I F 4 I F 6 IIUKGARIM Magyar Tribune . Feb, 25, 1927. BIG BILL 1H0I>!PS0N IS VICTORIOUS N0LTIN3E ,':\ XS /. y ...o r '-^ \\ ^':^ •:=;.-r The results of the primaries were surprising to those who doubted Big Bill Thompson's popularity, and prophesied that Litsinger would be nominated for mayor on the Republican ticket. The primaries proved that the vjish of the people was to see Thompson in the mayor's chair and that is the reason he received such a tremendous majority of the votes* In spite of the underhanded methods of Thompson's enemies and in spite of the stand of the American newspapers that favored Litsinger, he carried all the wards except one (49) — which gave him a 180,039 majority over his opponent. This election offers a lesson to the American politicians, and that is that the foreign-born American citizens have a decisive influence on the outcome of I F 4 I F 6 - 2 - / ':'\ iragyar Tribune , Feb. 25, 1927 s > y -7 elections, and if a politician v/ants results, he has to take this into con- sideration. The great majority of votes for Thompson in the primaries, leads one to conjecture that he will emerge victorious in the regular April election for mayor of Chicago. I F 4 HUNGARIAIT I F 1 La-yar Tribune , liar. 12, 1925. OUR POSSIBILITIBlo E' POLITICS (Editorial) In all probabilit?/, Chicago is tlie only city in the United States v;here the Hungarian people have not received the political reco:';nition v/hich is their due. Our grov/th and our activities seen to indicite t:iat v;e should play an important part in politics, but there is a reason for our bein^^, so far behind in political achievements. That reason is t'lat there is a great deal of jealousy exist inf^ anon,'^ us. On the other hand, it is possible that the politicians re^^ard us as being rather stupid. They feel t:iat v;e are easily led, or else they think that we are incapable of selectin,-; an able spohesnan from our midst. There is nothing more disr^ustinn; in the eyes of the American people than the spectacle of one national ;;roup bein,^ dependent on another for political favors . I F 4 I F 1 - 2 - IIUITGARIM Magyar Tribune , I.Iar. 12 1926. The truth of the above statei.iento was clearly denonstrated last Friday v/hen a comniittee conoosed of Frank, Kalnan, Banff y , Butscher, Schv/artz, Reiger, TTagy, Qrosz, and Izsak, representing the CJhica{sO Hungarian Republican Olub, took part in a Republican rally at the Sherman House. The appearance of tne Hungarian corirnittee came as a surprise to the other people who attended this meeting, and the presence of the Hungarians became the general toDic of the dav. n •'- ■^•' .^ . '^./ At 3:30 P. H. the Hungarian delegation v/as introduced from the speakers' platform, from v;hich Senator Harding, State's Attorney Crowe and Colonel Luby very cordially greeted them. The introductions v/ere performed by I.Ir, Frank, tae chairman of the committee. Izsai:, the secretary of the committee, then explained v/hy the Hungarian delegation had come. During the coarse of his speech, he pointed out how unfairly the Hungarian people had been dealt with in the field of politics during the past twenty-five years. He stres39d the fact that the Hungarian ♦' I F 4 - 3 - • HUT^iini;!^ I ? 1 ^— ICagyar Tribune, !:ar. 12, 1926. /o'^ people had been loyal to the oarty, but t :at they had never received any w^ . v/ favors in return. lie openly ad:iitted that if tlie Republican party did ^•^ — --^ not favor the ^Iun'^,arian3 v;itxh thjree oolitical jobs, the Hun^'^arians v/ould swin^ to the party t:iat has already pronised these /jobs/. The ansv;er that State* s Attorney Orov/e ^ave to all this was rather surpris- ing. He said that he laiev.- just exactly how the coruriittee felt about this natter. He franlcly adriitted that the Hungarians v/ere not represented in any of the political offices in t.^e city. He said t.iat v/as neither his nor the party's fault. The Hungarians had never forrially asi-ced for any- thing. It has alv/ays been thought t /.at if soneone v/ants soiriething, he generally asks for it. ^le sincerely promised tiiat tae liepublican party v/ould satisfy the request of trie cor.unittee, and t.ien asiced for the naraes of the nenbers of the Hungarian Republican Olub v;:io.v;ere v;orthy of receiv- ing these three aopointKients. The Chicago Hungarian Club has done its duty. A bargain has been struck, and it has been concluded in a gentlemanly manner. The "promise v/as ^^A I F 4 _ 4 - iS-'iSML I'anyar Tribune , :'ar. 12, 19^6. I o ^-' •'^- ^i thoroup;Iily sincere, but if it regains a oroiiise v;ith not.iin''- reall^T- being done, then the "lunrs-rian I^eoublican CJlub v/ill know vjhat to do. • Staters Attorney Jrov/e said t>.at if so..ieone v/ants soinetiiin^; he .generally asks for it, but if tie request is to be at all effective it i:iust oe acconpanied by action. In t le first nlace, v;e riust orr,anize under one banner, and v;e nust trust our leaaers; v/e jiust v;or': in liariony for one bi:?^ cause, ','e nust not per:iit jealousies to arise v/.ien soiae individual makes nore i^eadv/ay in f.e field of oolitics t .an another. .;e vjarit to safe-;uard the -^ood naiie of the .lun 'arians; v/e do not v;ant tiiat rame to be ridiculed. If v/e all null to.^et'ier t/ion the .lungarian peor)le of Ohica.^o can re-ich t'le saie hei.'-hts in t ^e ooiitical v/orld t lat other nationalities have attained. y 17 4 II B 2 f Magyar Tribune, Feb. 19, 1926 • HUNGARIAN ^^^•cGAELiKS ON THE SOUTH SIDE i?ORiiI POLITICAL CLUB7 (Editorial) The role in political life played by the Chicago Hungarians who live on the South Side has been a rather sorrov«ful one. The riUn,v:arians v;ho live in this section are av;are of the truth of this statement, because they have tried for the last tv;enty years to gain recognition in the field of politics. Political clubs vuere organized i but they v.ere always of an independent nature. Taus v.hen elections were over, the .aeiiibers oi these independent organizations never received any consideration froiri t-ie politicians who had pro/aised tneu so iduon before election. The roo^son for this was that these organizations never declared themselves for either the Republican party or the Democratic party. ■~N .-, 1 1^4: - 2 - hj::gai;i^j: II B 2 r ..,agyar xribune , i-'eb. 19, 1926. Anotner great short c>:::iinf: v;a3 the presence ar.iong the Hungarians of the South oide o£ seir-appoiatec. political leaders v.'ho v.ould leaa their followers into the Told of ihichever political party paid thei.i /the leaders/ the ..lOSt. :3o. .e of the politicians v-ho v;ere seeking office i;o Id make halJ-heai-ted .roi.dses, am. vheii thj el^ection v.as^ over these office-setkers would tell the voters that they /th^ voters/ had no right to asK for anytning because they had already been paid. • This is bein:- written to infori.i the people of their Liistakes in the past. :e thi..k that v;e must make an open ad.-dssion of .ur political beliefs; v;e must openly state i.hether v.e are hepublicans or Democrats. In the .lUngarian community on the jouth ^ide of Chicago a Republican club has been formed. This organization intenas to work ana cooperate in every v;ay with all other Hungarian Republican clubs throughout the city. t " •^l t : \ I F 4 - 3 - HTOIGAEIiiX II B 2 f Ma/jyar Iribune , Feb. 19, 1926. All those Hungarians who are not yet citizens of the United States are urged to join this organization, jecnuse it TAdll inake arrangeraents to help theLi obtain their naturalization papers. The organization has also made arrangements to have teachers of civics available for those who want t*urther instruction in the principles of /unerican r^overnment. This organization v.ants to be strong, and it is the duty of every Hungarian-^vHierican citizen to help r.iake it strong. The mistakes of the past should be a lesson to the people of zhe South Side. I I F 4 I F 2 I F 3 HUNGARIAN _»» - ■».. V.' P f. v ■' Magyar Tribune , Jan. 15, 1926 • NE\^ HUi:G:^\P.L^iN POLITIC/iL CLUB In the Tenth ward of Chicago, v/here there are a large number of Hungarian- American citizens, a new Hungarian political club, called "Illinois Dejno- cracy," has been formed. The purpose of the new club is to get rid of those candidates who have been forced on the people by Dever and Brennan, the v;ell-known political bosses. This nev; club vdll endeavor to elect candidates who are best fitted for office. There is a demand that at least one Hungarian should be elected judge of the Li^micipal Court, inasmuch as it seems that every other nationality is represented on the bench. The Hungarians are apparently the forgotten people of Chicago. They have received no recognition whatsoever. It is high time that the Hungarians come to life. By uniting their efforts they can accomplish a great dual, if they really want to. ^ I F 4 I F 2 I F 5 HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Jan. 25, 1919, THE HDNGARIANS AND AMERICAN POLITICS (Editorial) Theire are only a few days left before the battle for the mayoral election is opened in Chicago. To be mayor of Chicago is the third most important job in the United States. The most important job is that of president of the United States, then that of mayor of New York City, and after this that of mayor of Chicago. The relative importance of these positions is measured by the number of jobs each has at its disposal. The mayor of Chicago has pretty close to five thousand jobs to give out. It is a known fact that Chicago is the most mixed and most cosmopolitan city in the United States, therefore it is reasonable that each nationality should organize its own political clubs in order that it may take part in the campaign and help the people get interested in the political life of the city. mM I F 4 I F 2 I F 5 - 2 - Magyar Tribiine , Jan. 25, 1919 HUNaARIAN It is a rather serious proposition, but we cannot speak too seriously of the activities of the Chicago. Hungarians. In American political life they are mere novices, and although there are quite a large number of Hungarian- American citizens in the city of Chicago, they do not understand the first thing about politics. This is the only reason for the sorrowful situation that out of ten thousand Hungarian-American citizens residing in and around Chicago, there is not a single one who has ever held a political position. It is true that there are a few men of Hungarian descent who have held and hold political positions, but they did not receive these positions through the backing of the Hungarians, but by their own individual efforts. V.'ith the other nationalities it is just the opposite. liiach national group with the exception of the Hungarian, organizes and then demands that the group be well represented. It isn't a very nice thing to say and we do not like to write about it, but the Hxingarian people are rather far behind. Individually we Hungarians are a fine race but collectively we enjoy no recognition in the American political arena. We have based this conclusion on what we observe among the Hungarians of Chicago, but the statement holds I F 4 I F 2 I F 5 - 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Jan* 25, 1919 true for the entire Hungarian population of America, with the exception of New York City. Sick benefit and church societies are the only organizations active and strong among the Hungarian people. They cannot, however, get mixed up in politics and there are very few if any that would be willing to enter the political field. As things now stand, when an election comes up Hungarian political clubs are formed, which disband immediately after the campaign is over. Now that the mayoral election is approaching, two Hungarian political clubs have been organized — one Republican and the other Democratic. Unquestionably, before elections are over there will be cne or two others. The /political^ position of the Hungarian people has not been properly cleared up as yet, and this is the reason why, as a group, they cannot pick a candidate of their own. It is our hope that as the election gets closer the different Hungarian groups will unite instead of pulling apart, for if they do not I F 4 - 4 - HUNGARIAN I F 2 I F 5 Ivlagyar Tribune , Jan. S5, 1919. iinite, their political activities will never amount to anything. The ripening process in politics is very hard. It is necessary to have a little intelligence, a little cooperation, and a bit of common sense. Perhaps the politically ambitious Hungarians have come to realize this * in the past few years. If they have, then it is time that they organize in a hurry and talk politics loudly and seriously. However, if they are just looking for glory and nothing else, they should hide themselves in shame, as they would only make a laughing stock out of the Hungarian people It will kill us, and we do not want the hard-developing Hungarian name and future killed. I. ATTiTanas F* Politics 5. Political Leadership I F 5 HJIia .RIAN I D 1 a I F 6 I C I H Llagyar Tribune , I'.:ar. 18, 1921. SOLlii RICoULTS FROL TIIl CILrJTGi: OF PR.. SIDiiiriTLX I^lJilRiHI? (iiditorial) We hear tha::. our editorial, of last v/eek, ab:^ut the 7/ilson-H-:rding Presidential chanc-e, has bacojiie an is:ua of eentralized interest ree/altinr in nany in- quiries, and remarks. I.Iany objected to some of tlie facts brou.^ht out in the article, in reference to our defense of the 7/ilson adrrdnistration, and our criticiSiM of Harding* We did not defend '/ilsoni *Te nerely expressed our appreciation of the ;[^^^ "^o objective accomplishr-ients imde by 7/ilson's pen at a critical tine. '7e t ^ ^^•P'^-.a. advanced our confidence in Hardin:-^, but v;e insist on our privilege to Vc/ % I F 5 I D 1 a I F 6 I C I H - 2 - IIUI'IGARLiN Magyar Tribune, Uar. 18, 1921 criticize, because v/e ar., not -oint; to blindly acree to all the ."iepubli cans • actions. 77e v;ant our re-j.f.ers to sje v;hat the enoire political change neans, and ;:hy the j^unerican political i-ituation is an eye-sore. Those politicians who sought positions and are nov; job ol.>ers 'lave a liveliisood, hile we poor workers c n exaect no exceptional econo dc ch-;n e. If there is '.vorl:, then v;3 •>.'ill •ori:, if not, n v;a starve, vjhet'ier . larding or anyone else sits in the /hite House, '.iardinr v;ill bring neither v;ork nor ^ood '.va^es. The cc.,;ination of tie caut' licts, over both poli^.ical parties, ir. S\e c-use behind th>e dsprossion. The politic?! chan-^e is more or ler-r only a cham-e in nanes. For those who still -re doubtful o:^ our opinions and :r.aint': in and beliove, that under I F 5 I D 1 a I 7 6 I n o - 3 - HCT.IG^ARIAi: I H Llaf^yar Tribune , Liar. 18, 1921 rlarclinc'f^ leadership rorr.e rarical chan.f^es for thxC better in our political life 7'ill r35^ult, v:e r.re at vour s-:ervico and v/ill reviev; sone of tlie rreot chan.^3? b:-ourht about by Harding. Look at some of the con^;truction chc^nres. ?roin :i'..rdinr*s first actions and steps we can already see a -re^t chan^;::e, liis first action vme to name his- life-lcn;: friend and f nily p.xycician, .o be the Chief U. S. medical officer v:ith a .lere $6,000 salary end other considerations, vjhich boost his incorae to the ^10,000 mark. Therefore, the small tcv/n doctc - frcr. I.Iarion, Ohio, becoiiec a Bri^^acier General, but not because there is a great need, for a house physician in the '.raite House. I F 5 I D 1 a 17 5 I C I H --4 - IIUi^JG;.RIAN Magyar Tribune , LTar, 18, 1921. Dr. Sa-.^/'er ';inself said, he had never tak3n care of Marding, because he is very henlthy and v;as never seji^iously ill. ?Jhat is the value of a friendship, if a man does not prove itn value viith £;^ood deeds? So, Pr??ident Hardin/^; cet a precedent by putting his old friend on the taxpayers • neckp , .-ithov.t serving any .:"00d purpose. This is truly a change. 'Vilson did not do such things. That is an old Republican custom. V/as this change worth voting for? Let us go on. Froin ..arion, Ohio, -larding called to V/ashinglon another good old neighbor, a very vjealthy friend, Crissinger by na:;.e. Hurriedly he naned him to a very fat position, Treasurer of the United States. This position pays I F 5 - 5 - HUUQ-iJRIAM I D 1 a I F 6 I C I H Kagyar Tribune, I'.ar. 18, 1921 » /•^ A only a very Tr.e3.reT s-^lary of V'lOtOOO ^ voar, but what is that betvjsen brothers? 'Veil, Ilarclin/r vjill not becor^e lonsly in 'Vashinv-rton because of [1 »f.r.H. r / the ftrsat chane:e. Dr. Savryer and llr. Griw^. singer, his bosor^ friends, ••Till \^o' y be there to ee e the nains of :.o:iesickness. T^iis is the T-a^^ he is introducing the rreat chan-e, Ilarding named Farrell to tie ShipDinc Board, v;here he v;ill handle billions of dollars worth of inport-nt transactions. Farrell is the prerident of the Stejl trust. This is another ^'^reat change, the ^ve^X result of our vote, 7;e see that livrding is very chcosey v/iti his appoint:..3nts. He is alv/ays appointing those v;hon he favors nost, whether it be the :iresicent of the Steel trust or a friendly neighbor. Jy this, vdthout any doubl , he is I F 5 I D 1 I F 6 I C I H .- 6 - HUlTG;aLlN Llagyar Tribune, Llar^ 18, 1921. outdoing 7/ilson tremendously, and truly we will agree that the election of Harding means a change. Not only do we feel the results of the change from the appointments, but also the change of foreign and political principles are felt. President Harding also created this change. Let us not forget, that during the election campaigns, from Harding down to the last grafting politician, they preached to the people, that v;hen they come into power, among other things, they v;ould create a nev; order in foreign policies. Let us see in v;hat v;ay have the3'' changed th3ir policies from those of the terrible days of 'Jilson. Harding asked the Senators to allov/ tie treaty made with Columbia to standi I F 5 I D 1 I F 6 I C I H - 7 - HUI^GiYRIAF Magyar Tribune^ Liar, 18, 1921. This is the treaty v;hich was bitterly opposed by the I^epublican Senators for over tv;o ye- rs, v/hile VJilson vjas President. Our readers can be assured that the republican Senators rind Harding are no'- doing this in behalf of the great change, thouirh, in the first place, V/ilson asked this of them. The nev,- Secretary of State, stran/;;e to relate, has accepted vjithout change, V/ilson's pacts rer-srding tha Japs and Llesopotariia. i^'or the time being, Ilarding is nuietly watching and waiting the I.lexican situation, a(^t:in follov/ing V/ilson*s course. Here Ilardin-- rorcrot to r.iake a change. V/e believe, this great ch'inge, is rather a change in people only, and we vjill fine sone new gentlemen, strange faces, and lungry politicians around the meat pot. The old order will remain the same. I F 5 I D 1 a .1 F 6 I C I H - 8 - IIUI^a.RLiN Magyar Tribune , L r. 18, 1921. For all of that, v;9 are not am^ry at Ur. Karding. He cannot do anything more clever than to lor/^et his party's election prordses and platfomi^ This sudden loss of memory is an asset that is understood by all politicians 'jVhy bother making changes liere or there, let it remain as it is, even in Forei^^n af fairs • This is the great change, that v/e can expect from Hardin^; — an attitude of indifference, that is all. li? o 17 1 3 1 II -- i 1 I F I I&igyar Tribune . July 30, 1920. A POLITICAL ZKTLT^VIjT-; (Editorial) The United States is preparing for the coming presidential election, and it seems to me that the Hungarians should start preparations for it also. I did not find it difficult to locate someone v;ho had enlightening information about politics in the United States, There is only one real Hungarian politician in Chicago. There are many so-called ''curb-stone" politicians, v;ho do a lot of talking v/ithout accomplishing:; anything, but there is one Hungarian v/ho is very active and influential in the political life of this country. He is Dr. Adolf V/einer, a lawyer. Therefore, I decided to visit Dr. Jeiner, v;ho is located on the fifth floor of the Cook County Building. Dr. ./einer greeted me very cordially, guessing imraediately that I was the editor of a Hungarian newspaper, and that I was about to ask for an interview. Dr. Vfeiner asked me v/hat I wanted, and I immediately answered that i was looking for political information, and that I would like to hear his vieivs on the presidential election. - 2 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , July 30, 1920. **I will tell you in advance", said Dr. i.einer, "that i am a Democrat, but regardless of this fact lay belief is that Cox has the best chance of being elected. "^ Dr. jeiner then went on to speak of the platforms of the two political parties, pointing out the advantages of the Democratic platform as compared with the .iiepublican. xie explained that the tariff question was the important issue of the campaign, xie expressed himself also on the voistead Act, stating that, in his opinion, uox was liberal enough to see the uselessness of this law. I then asiced him which party he thou'^ht would help Hungary, and the Hungarians of America, the most. As he answered this question, a sad look came over his face, but he gave ne his honest opinion. ''As far as Hungary is concerned," he said, "it does not liiake very much difference who becomes president or the united States ." He stated .hat the oniy ways in v;hich conditions could be remedied in nongary v/ould be by the enactment of new laws, by more conscientiou work on the part of the Hungarian government itself, and by the co-operation - 3 - HPHGARIAN Magyar Tribune , July 30, 19 20, of the people for a better government* Dr. Weiner told me that the part of Hungary from which he originally came v/as now Czechoslovakian territory. He said that he was still Hungarian in heart and soul, even though he has been a resident of this country for the past twenty-seven years. I might mention here that Dr. Weiner re- ceived his education in the city of Vienna, and for the oast twenty-five years has been one of the most prominent lawyers in Chicago. The last question I asked Dr. Weiner was whether he thought it possible to form a political organization among the Hungarian people of Chicago, and, if such an organization were formed, v/hich party it should support. '^Organizing Hungarian-Americans", Dr. V/einer answered, ^is a very hard job. The Republicans always vote for the Republican candidate, and the Democrats - 4 - HDNGARIAI^ Ivlagyar Tribune. July 30, 1920. for the Democratic candidate, but if Hungarians were to organize, each member v/ould want to be the leader of his organization. This is the worst fault of the Hungarians. If there were four thousand members, there would be four thousand leaders. The Hungarian-Americans have not learned the principles of co-operation, and would rather vote for a Slav or an Irishman than for a Hungarian. This is the reason Hungarian politicians do not get anyivhere; if they do get a public office, they obtain it without the aid of their brother Hungarians." Dr. v;einer advised us that Cox, the Democratic presidential candidate, if elected, would probably do more for Hungary than any of the othor candidates, because the Democrats have a more liberal platform with reference to foreign policy and immigration. The Republicans have always taken a harsh stand against immigration. The Hungarian-Americans are mostly industrial workers, and the Democratic party is a v/orkers' party. Candidate Cox has been governor of Ohio for - 5 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , July 30, 1920 • three terms, each time being elected by the vote of the great number of industrial wor^^ers of Ohio. Therefore, it is clear that, if the Hungarian workers are to cast their votes to the best advantage, they must vote Democratic* I now left Dr. Weiner, fully satisfied that I had been right in going to see iiim, because I feel sure that Dr. V/einep understands the social problems of America. I aia grateful that he talked with me, neglecting other and more important people who were waiting to see him. x^urthermore, he told me that he would be glad to discuss the political question again at any time with any representative of the Magyar Tribune . I. ATTITDI3BS F. Politics 6. Graft and Corruption I F 6 HUNGARIAN Interest s June 25, 1937 • OUR POLITICIANS ^^^' l--"' ^^^^'^' ^"'"'^ (Editorial) Around election time the newspapers and the air too, is filled with the promises which emanate from the different platforms, rostrums, and soap-boxes, in which the aspirants promise to do everything in the interest of the electors in case they be elected • It seems the average American will always swallow this nonsense, without giving proper thought, even if the same candidate gave proof of it, that he never kept his promises once he was elected* And the newspapers will bring the photograph of the candidates usually shown in fighting pose, with fist clinched for boxing, even if the stature is such that the onlooker would rightly think a child could lick him in a real fight. After the candidates are elected, the greater number of them entirely forget their promises, which after all is not to be wondered at as they have to try to get I F 6 - 2 - HUNGARIAN Interest, June 25, 1937. yyp^^ /il^,) pROj 302/b money for expenses and to save enough money for the next election campaign. The public's money becomes something of a free loot, only those leave it alone, who do not want to take it and those are mighty few* Almost every day we read that this or that public official did embezzle so and so much money, or let himself be bribed, but we can very seldom read something about some such unfaithful official having been punished. It is still in vivid remembrance the ii/liooppe-era of the Sanitary District which stole out of the taxpayers pockets more than ten million dollars. After, that Sweitzer went with about half a million, and so forth. In the last few weeks the newspapers did not lack material in publishing new scandeds. In Springfield the two factions of the Democratic party came to a battle in which one representative struck the face of another representative on the premises of the Assembly House. The fight broke out about F. Lynden Smith, who in the election campaign was the campaign manager of Gov. Horner, and for these services was now awarded a job as Chief of State Public VTorks with a pay of $7,000.00 annually. He . 3 . HtmSARIAN ifitaiaai. Jun. 25. 1937. ^.^^ ^^.^, p^.^ju/i •pok« fomehow unkindly about thMrerlord of the other faction 1 Patrick J« Nash* Now the aceusation was mado that Smith ranted an apartment » and that inetead of pay ing the usual monthly $125«00 renty he pays only fiftyt and for the balance he secured a state Job for Lawrence Koeha the son of the landlordf which Job pays $125 •00 monthly and that this Lawrence Koehn still is holding that state Jeb« In the State Senate the amtlem of Got* Homer for a drlrers-license lawf fell through# The whole thing is only a camouflage by which new Jobs would be created and it is only the question of who should have the right to dispose of these Jobs irtiich started the quarrel and which caused the motion to fall through* In the case of Zintaki a Juror testified that a federal official by the name of UcKinley had promised him a position with a salary of $10»000*00 if he would ^end the Zintak Jury undecidedy irtiich this Juror succeeded in doing* When it came to the fullfillment of the giren promise, McKinley offered him only $25*00 in cash 9 instead of the $10t000*00 Job* So the Juror sued McKinley and the Jury declared him not guilty t but now the Judge ordered the state attorney to prosecute the ex«»Juror for perjury* I i F 6 - 4 - HUNGARIAN ^ Interest , June 25, 1927* WP^ (!LL) PK<:j 3fS/5 ^'iJalone, Chairman of the Illinois Tax Commission is now under inquiry, to sho?/ how he came in possession of his $700,000»00 cash money. In Joliet a politician had quite a number of slot-machines all over the town which brought him a considerable income. As the ojDeration of slot-machines is against the law, the police started to raid those places, where they were operating* Mow a bosom-friend of the above politician, Judge Wilson issued an injunction, in which he forbids the police to interfere with the operation of ithe slot-machines, in other words it did not allow the police to do its duty prescribed by law. At the sight of such gross lawlessness some of the more conscientious menbers' of the legislature asked for impeachment of Judge V/ilson, but the House on the proposition of Repr* Frank Ryan from Chicago, voted 63:61 against the starting of the inquiry and there will be no impeachment process against Judge V/ilson. It would be well to remember these facts at the next election. I F 6 HUlIOARIArT II E 3 I D 2 c I.Jagyar Tribune , Apr. 3, 1931. I G r/ {Bohemian) ABOUT 1HE MAYORALTY ELSCTION (iiJditorial By Dr. liimo Lox'/inger) The day of the election battle is nearinc. ICvery conscientious voter must decide for v/hom he will cast his vote. He has to decide who is the man best qualified to mana^o the affairs of our city during the next four years..... Naturally, prepossessing campaign speakers endeavor to make up our minds, but the intelligent voters, the politically ripe citizens like the thousands of Chicago liungarians, will not be sidetracked The fact is that the good reputation of our city is ruined. This is regrett- able but true^ It is also a fact that the murders of tv;o hundred eighty-six gangsters are still unsolved. Hot a day passes v/ithout a mysterious gang killing. Chicago today is known the world over as the home of gangsters. ^'\ f? I F 6 II E 3 I D 2 c I C 17 (Bohemian) - 2 - Magyar Tribune, Apr. 3, 1931* HDNGARIAN spiritually, Nobody can deny that this reputation is detrimental to Chicago and its population. It is damaging, both materially and The damage is material because of the number of visitors lost to our city» since thousands of people are afraid to visit Chicago because of the possibility of falling victims to stray bullets. As a result, we lose ijM-llions of dollars annually cmd, although the loss is felt most directly by hotels y restaurants, and depcurtment stores, in the end we all feel i% too. New factories shun Chicago and build their plants elsewhere because the Saturday pay roll robberies have become so common here that the personal safety and financial security of the industrialists are at stake. This causes thousands of people to lose work opportunities. At a time when unemployment is so great, this adds to misery. We are on the threshold of the World's Fair. In two years there will be a <. ,',' I F 6 - 3 - HDNGARIAN II E 3 I D 2 c Magyar Tribune > Apr. 3, 1931. I C 17 (Bohemian) monumental exposition in Chicago. Not only the visitors, but the exhibitors as well, are terrified by the thought that they will have to come to Chicago. Please do not jump to the conclusion that the writer is prejudiced against Mayor Thompson or that he holds him solely responsible for the bad reputation of Chicago and for the unsolved gangster murders..... The writer is convinced that, if it were up to Thompson, he would have all the gangsters behind bars and the reputation of Chicago would be the best. However, the consensus of opinion, regardless of political partisanship, is that the Thompson regime is at fault and must end if conditions are to improve, To these material losses, resulting from the bad reputation of Chicago, we must add the moral and spiritual losses. Our children read nothing in the newspapers I F 6 - 4 - HDNGARIAN II E 3 I D 2 c Magyar Tribune , Apr# 3, 1931* I C 17 (Bohemian) but accounts of bandltiy, murder, eind the heroic deeds of the gangsters. And, while these gangsters violate the laws f Icigirantly , our children fill the prisons for minor offenses. The continuous crime wave created such a noxious atmosphere in Chicago that even small children play ^•hold-up" and "glve-them-a-ride** games. This must be stopped on April 7, by electing a different man to the office of mayor 9 thus breaking away from the past and all its troubles and sins.... The mayor is responsible for the police because he appoints the police chief. If the police are corrupt, the mayor is held morally responsible.... JJxLtoal Cermak^s strong and energetic personality will bring order in the X'anks of the police. He declared in one of his speeches that he will be personally responsible for the efficiency of the police. •••. I F 6 - 5 - HDHGARIAH II E 3 I D 2 c Magyar Tribune , Apr. 3, 1931# I C 17 (Bohemian) We taxpayers know that city taxes have grown year after year and the we have to pay these taxes out of our earnings. To curb the thoughtless extravagance of city officials and to reduce our taxes I we must elect a man whose record in the County proves that he Is thrifty and that he saved the taxpayers* money ••••• As noted In the beginning of this article » there Is no question now about pcorby affiliation. The only consideration now Is the future of Chicago, the personal safety of Its citizens, and the good reputation of the clly. The writer does not wish to convince any ardent Republican at this time that he Is wrong. Let him ponder over the fruit of the. Hoover Republican administration, the misery of the ever- increasing anqy of the unemployed. If he approves of it, let him be happy. Lo and behold the Republican prosperity they promised for 1928! I F 6 - 6 - HDHQARIM II E 3 I D 2 c Magyar Tribune . Apr. 3, 1931. I C 17 (Bohemian) We Hungarian-bom American citizens must not allow cheap I>oliticans to mislead us by mixing into this purely Chicago election any reference to our mother country* s grievances. If the writer would think ^ even for a moment » that the situation of the Hungarians in Chicago or aiiywhere else would be worse if Cezmak is elected mayor, he would drop his pen and his mouth would be silent. But this is not 80 • That Ihompson ims bom in Boston and Cermak was six months old when his parents brought him to America from Bohemia , can*t be the deciding factor in the election of mayor.... • We are all sincere American citizens here who have rights €Uid duties, and we must practice these rights and duties on April 7. Every sane-thinking Hungarian^bom American citizen should vote for Cermak /^\ and the Democratic condidates. (^ WP& I F 6 I F 2 Otthon, J\ay 20, 1930. N0TIC3 TO TE rLLKOIS IIUIIGARL^UT REPUDLICAl^^ CLUBS HUNGARIAN -T3 In the Jiily 15 issue of the Chicago American there is a report of the F= committee which is investigating the campaign expenditures of l-rs. lie -^ Cormick, senatorial nominee. Of all nationalities, only the Hungarian 3 group is mentioned as having accepted money. o It is very important, therefore, that the members of the various Chicago branches of the Hungarian Republican Club hold a meeting to discuss this matter. In the absence of the president, phone Charles Banffy, vice-president. 03 IPS I D 2 a (4) I B 4 I C HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , June 3, 1927. DO NOT KILL by Ignacio Izsak (Editorial) It is an amazing phenomenon of mankind that since Cain killed Abel the spirit of destruction and murder has prevailed. From one end of the world to the other we see the struggle to spread the Christian gospel, and at the same time we note that parallel to these teach- ings , those countries that refer oftenest to the Prophet of Nazareth, are the ones planning general butchery. What humbug I What pretense I I F 6 - 2 - HDNQARIAN I D 2 a (4) I B 4 Magyar Tribune > Jxine 3, 1927. I C The slaughtering instinct does not apply to certain countries only, it can be produced by class wars due to economic interests. There have been countless cases, when labor leaders or passionate agitators, who exposed the exploitation of workers by heartless employers, were put to death through false evidence or perjury of witnesses. There is an obvious case now in America. Sacco and Vanzetti, who success- fully led the strike of the Patterson, N. J. textile workers seven years ago, JsIo/btb the victims of "manufactured evidence. •• They are charged with the holdup and murder of a cashier. The evidence was only circumstantial, but the judge, who is partial to the owners of the textile factories, condemned them to death. The state has not dared to execute them yet, because American public . .^^ ^ opinion and sentiment are aroused. f^\\\v,\ c The case is in the hands of Governor Fuller now, and it is up to him tOK^d I F 6 - 3 - HDNGARIAN I D 2 a (4) I B 4 Magyar Trlbime . June 3, 1927. I C grant a reprieve or order a retrial. Chicago Hungarians, with foresight , should take part in this movement also, to inform the world that they will form a bulwark, against the repetition of the sin of Cain whenever anyone, no matter where, is threatened with "retributive justice." We have received information that a committee is handling this case and we advise all Hungarians to go to the mass meetings in large numbers to show where our sympathies are. ^ VI! p^ «■' if' ' V I. ATTITUDES G. War - » III III IV III I E B 4 HUNGABIAN Interest. Feb. 27, 1936. CHICAGO APPROVES THE "QUE HILLIOH SIGNATURES PLAK" We wrote in oxir coliimns about the program of the Revisionist meeting arranged hy the Eederation of the Chiirches and Associations of Chicago South Side last Thursday evening, but to be very frank, we do not believe much in its merits. We know that the fiasco of the Revisionist meeting in New York still lingers in the memory of the Hungarians. We saw the frequent changing of plans for the arrangements of the meeting. Also, we did not think that the short time allowed would suffice for debating the subjects of Revisionist meeting. But we would "be mistaken, if we said that this meeting was unimportant, JCpparently, it was a success. Thirty-five Associations had sent about one htmdred representatives besides some two hundred Hungarians, interested in the aims of the meeting and to participate in the debate about revision. The meeting scheduled for 7 P.M. was opened at 8:15 P.M. by John Bartus, - 2 - HDNGARL,^^ Interest, Feb. 27, 1936. president of the Federation of Churches and Associations of Chicago South Side. At the request of iHtelka Revesz, the Hungarian anthem ^vas sung. Mr. Bcirtus asked the audience to appoint a committee whose duty should be to formulate a program. He proposed that one delegate from each district in Chicago and vicinity should be elected to serve on this committee. The committee was made up as follows: The Him.'^arians of Chicago North Side were represented by Paul Soos, president of the Culture Club; the Hungarians of Chicago V/est Side were represented by ?Jilliam llayor; those of Burnside by Charles Tarjanyi; of South Chicago by Emery Fegyverneki; Jlast Chicago by John Tenkely; Indiana Harbor by C^eorge Soltesz; Hammond by John Bander. The committee nominated as chairman, George Mihok, president of the district of Verhovay branches; and as recorders; Emery Fegyverneki and Frank Foldi. At this time Mihok took the chair. ;7illiam '.layer arose to report that he had with him a copy of a letter written by Frank Condor, the original of which - 3 - HUNaAR IAN Interest, Feb. 27, 1936 • was sent to the cojnmittee from New York, but if the bad weather conditions had prevented the mailman from delivering the letters, he brought a copy along in case the original had not arrived in time. He asked to have it read before the assembly. John Bartus answered that the letter had arrived and would be read together with othsr correspondence. This started a controversy of an hour and a half duration. The I ?7 members demanded that the letters be read; the Hungarians opposed them. In the meantime, Ernest Kasas, Frank Szabo, Cornel Bors, Louis Nemeth, Mrs. John Paszternak and others spoke. Some spoke of the Revision, some of the letter of Grombos, some again of the scandal in New York. The majority, evidently, were against the reading of the letter, so the recorder read the first of the proposals for a resolution, v/hich contained about five or six points. The audience decided it would debate the points separately. The letter of Oombos still proved a source of interest and most certainly \ - 4 - HUITGAHIAII Interest, Feb. 27, 1936 • there were many, v7ho altliou^li opposing its being read, yet xvere curious about its contents, iilverybody avraited soiao sensation from it. As the demands for its reading were renev/ed, although the audience had not yet voted, on even one of the points under discussion, the chairriaii ordered the reading of the letter. It is hard to imagine v;hat the communists expected from it, but those v;hc were v/aiting for some exictement from it, were bitterly disappointed. Frank Crondor, on behalf of the committee in New York greeted the audience of Chicagoans and asked them not to make the sane Lii stake as did the people in IIe;v York, but try to arrive at a mutual understanding. He urged them to v/ork for the benefit of the noble cause for which the meeting had been arranged. 7/hether or not to have this letter read stirred up a debc^.te for one and one half hours. The mischievous Mayer again fooled the Hungarians. But after the letter had been read you could not hold them there any longer. It was now after ten P.M. Of the many very serious and very useful propositions, only one point of the first proposition was accepted by the meeting. V/e reprint - 5 - HUNGASIM Interest ^ Peb» 27, 1936. it here. It is a nice l)ouquet for the Szabadsag jT^Httngarian Dailj;^: "The Hungarians of Chicago and vicinity declared at their meeting, held on February 20, in the Hiingarian House in Chicago, that they fully approve and regard as absolutely useful the movement of the Hiangarian Daily, Szabadsag under the title "One million signatures plan" which we support and highly recom?- mend to every good Hungarian, We ask the S zabadsag to continue with renewed zeal to sponsor the seemingly lagging movement and we also ask the Nepszava and all the local Hungarian weeklies to support the movement to the best of their ability. iThere was no time for anything else. These men, who work hard all day, usually want to be home not later than eleven P.M. The members of the I W would stay till dawn, but with them alone^ the chairman was not willing to pass resolutions in regard of revision. At 10:30 P»M», he declared the meeting adjourned. • • ' " - 6 - \c/ '• \5/ HUN&AEIAN Interest, Pet. 27, 1936. Speaking of the I W members, we gladly note it for the sake of truth, that at this meeting they behaved themselves much better then we expected. ^^Iiere were suggestions about "inner-revision," but they did not go so far as to even mention the names of their Bakosi or that of Bela Kiin who, incidentally , on that same day celebrated his fiftieth birthday. It was Joseph Hemes, the member of Branch 1035 of the I W 0, who answered the speech made by Srnest Easas, who spoke on the subject of the expected resiilts of the plebiscite for those coming from the territories lost by Hungary in the peace treaties. Hemes said: "The government should create such living conditions for the working people living in Hungary that in case a plebiscite should be ordered in the detached parts of old Hungary, the people living there shoiild vote of their own volition, in their own interest, so that they should be anxious to get back to their own old mother coimtry." That is JuBt what the Gombos government at home is striving for. VVPrt (li-L.) PROJ. 30:7r I G HUNGARIAN ni E ITT TN e\ jjj Q Interest , Oct. 10, 1935. IV A7/AY, TO PHILADELPHIA. p.4««..In the interest of the peaceful revision of the peace treaties, a nationwide Hungarian meeting is called for Oct. 12th and 13th in Philadelphia, to which the Federation of Hungarian Churches and Societies of Chicago Southside sent out its president, Jonn Bartus, to represent the Hungarians of Chicago. Bartus will depart Friday; when he returns, he will tell all that he saw, and what experience he gained ^% this great revisionist meeting. I G III H I C HDNGARLAl^I Otthon, July 28, 1935. ONE I.IILLION SIOITATURSS (Editorial) The Szabodsog ^ Hungarian Daily has just announced that of the one nillion signatures, demanding the revision of the Trer-ty of Trianon, one hundred thousand signatures have been secured already. The Szabodsog has a helper, or competitor, in the person of Frank Bologh of Chicago^ This compatriot wrote the following letter to the Chicago Daily News , which was published: - 2 - HDNGi^JlIAN V ^ ptthon, July 28, 1935. 4^^',, ^^ **Dr^ Jerka, brother-in-law of the late Mayor Cermak, asserts that -JV '^/ everyone living in Czecho-Slovakia is v;orking and happy* '^ ^""^ I do not agree with him, because he did not mention the nillion Magyars in Czecho-Slovakia who are subjected to great suffering. These people cannot be haooy, because every right is forbidden them that was granted in the Treaty of Trianon. They are not allowed to send their children to Hungarian schools and their life is nade miserable in every conceivable way. Is this justice? I was com- pelled to emigrate when these "robbers** set foot on Magyar soil, because they took everything from us. This land was part of Hungary for a thousand years. I was fortunate to be aole to come to this - 3 - HUNGARIAN Otthon, July 28, 1935. land of 11 Derby. I was spared the suffering that is the lot of those I left behind. I am indeed sorry that all those Magyars are not able to come here, too. The Chicago Daily News has a nillion readers, so our unloiown com- patriot did a great service for the revision, without collecting a million signatures. 7/e {Congratulate him. ^^ m. s ) III B 2 III C III B £ I F 4 IV HUNGARIAN Interest, r^rch 20, 1935. FESTIVAL OF IDE OF :JIARCH ON THE SOOTH SIDE p*4 The memory of the beautiful :\Iarch festival, which was arranged by the Association of the Hungarian Churches and Societies, will linger for a long time in the soul of those, who were witnessing it. In our preceding number we printed the whole program. Those, whose names were printed in the program, were actually on the stage • Usually the mayors of the world's biggest cities do not go farther than to promise their presence at such occasions, and then let themselves be represented by somebody else, but Mayor Kelly, of Chicago came personally to express the greetings of the city to the celebrants. Somebody in his suite remarked, that this was the first time, when a Kelly went on his St. Patrick's Day to another nationality's festival. He was greeted with a tremendou^s ovation. The singers eangi the dancers danced, the orators made speeches, everything went in the best possible order, without any interruption. The only orator, who was not on the program was listened to with the greatest attention. Joseph Csanady, secretary of the National - 2 - HUNGARIAN \ ''. ., Interest, larch 20, 1935. V League for the Revision. He stepped upon the stage after the speech of Rev. Steve Balogh, and made the proposition, that the Hungarians of America send a petition to the League of Nations, demanding a plebiscite on the disposal of the former Hungarian territories, which were given to other countries, to the people in these territories could themselves decide where to belong* This proposition was accepted with the greatest of enthusiasm and the public authorized the Association of the Churches and Societies of the Chicago South Side and the League for Revision to construct the petition and to collect the signatures of the thousands and thousands of Hungarians, and then to foreward the said petition where they expect to get results. I G HUNGARIAN III H Otthon, Feb, 16, 1930. american-hutjgarian transoceanic flight The aim of the American-Hungarian transoceanic flight is to call the attention of the whole world- to the tenth anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Trianon, and its injustice to Hungary. The American-Hungarian Transoceanic flight is made possible by the voluntary contributions of the Hungarians in Anfierica. Lord Rothermere (Editor of London Daily T^ail ) , has offered to contribute ten thousand dollars toward financing this venture. The American-Hungarians, through the co-operation of the press, the churches and other orgemizations, are asked to send greeting cards to the fliers on their way to Hungary. These cards, which cost one dollar, are available at headquarters. They will be forwarded in Hungary by the post office. Money may be sent by check or money order. The treasurer is under a ten thousand o CO en. J Q . 2 - HDNGARIAN III H Otthon, Feb. 16, 1930. dollar bond. If the plans cannot be carried out, the money will be refunded* The pilot of this transoceanic flight will be Sandar Magyar, the originator of the plan. CO I G III B 2 III H IV KUl>!ai.RIAN.^ X Magyar Trlb\me . Jxine 28, 1929 C0Mv23.:0RA.TI0K OF TRIADION Chicago's Hungarians commemorated the ninth anniversary of the peace treaty of Trianon last Saturday evening in the auditorium of the Olivet Institute. This memorial celebration was arranged by the League for Revision and the Hungarian newspapers, in accordance with the decree of the National Federation of American-Hungarians, The auditopixxm was filled to capacity by an intelligent class of Hungarians. Under the leadership of the Reverend /Stephen/ Csaktornyai, the audience sang the Hungarian National anthem. Dr. Arpad Barothy, president of the League for Revision, delivered the opening address and diplomatically outlined the plan for the revision of the peace treaty of Trianon..... Dr. Erno Lowinger*s talk v/as next on the program. We are printing it in its entirety in this issue. I G - 2 - HUNG/iRIAInI III B 2 111 H Magyar Trib\ine > Jxine 28, 1929* Other speakers were Ignacio Izsak, Victor Drozdy, and Charles Wxirsell, \ ■< ^ assistant State's Attorney, Albert Llesser, president of the Association of Foreign Language Newspapers, and the Reverend Norman Barr, superintendent of the Olivet Institute. Irma Ferenczy sang irredentist songs. She had to give three encores when she sang the Hungarian Credo. Dramatic scenes were enacted before the map of mu- tilated Hungary. VyrA(lLL)rKOi..:u HUNG.iRIAI^ I g Otthon, rtpr.28,1929. iHE CHICAGO iHIBUNE'.- AIVHICUIV. AhOU : HU1n;G.i:IY. p.l...rhe Chicago Tribune in its issues of Apr. 22n.l an 1 23rd publisned several articles written b/ .Vil^iam uhirer, associate editor, on the situation in presenx day Hungary, mutilated by the treaty of Trianon, For a very long time the Chicago Tribune didn't pay much attention to the goings on in Central j^urooe, but lately it seems to have changed its attitude. The Hungarian i'^evision League's northwestern branch will send a delegate to the editor to thank him for Dublishin^ tlie unvarnished truth. : \ * . I G I B 2 Hi 11 I J Lagyar Tribune > Jan* 18, 1929. ^/ILoUInI hi ^1 .."i:./ LIGHT /pr. Erno^/ Lowinger Fev/ American problems interest the IIungarian-/-jnericans more than Prohibition. We are also aware of the fact that most of the Hiincarian-Americans have a biased opinion of the character and political eminence of the late President V/oodrov; V/ilson..... In 1919, V/ilson vetoed the proposed prohibition bill, but both houses of Con- gress passed it over his veto..... V/e concede the fact that V/ilson did not have the interests of Hungary at heart when he failed to announce the protest of the Inited States against the muti- ^. lation of Hungary by the Trianon Treaty -^"^ .a Hov:ever, today we knov; that '/ilson v/as as disappointed in the execution of the ' "' ^'^ terms of the Peace Treaty as vie were L^ ' - 2 - HUTTO/ J^I ,11 13 2 m ^i i-/i-y r Tribune , Jan. IC, 19^:^9. i^nd, v;hile i.'e Lunc-: ri:..n5 juu -e the results o. the -..r I'rom q purely liunc-^riLOi point of vie;;, ..ilson'c. hi£;h ideuls soured hi^h c-bove the ? imitcd o^undaries of si.iull n-.tions t.nd eimed for \ orld peace i^nc the h-\ppiness of all hun^ns. Those "'.ho i.re .-lOved by the intorc::tc of their ov.n race alone can never under- 3t:Jid or follo\.. .ilcon'L; ide:ili::tic philosophy '.."e Hun::srian-AmeriC-.ns, too, feel and see the injui:tice of the Treat3r of the Trianon. .'"e c-j.nnot but talk depiec tin^ly oC th-:^ tragic outcome of the orld V;ar, 3^et v;e should see ^ilson for '. hat he ';:.s — one of the ^.-reatest ^'residents of the I'nited ot^ tes. The purpose of this article is to sho^ ' ilson in :-. nev; li^ht to the Kun2:arians • • • • /^ ' III B 2 HUNGARIAN X^ II B 1 d (o*l^^.^ IV ^^ >^ III E Otthon, Nov.25,1928. ^"^ PROtsST MEETING OF TARSALGO. f. 2m •...The First Hungarian Literary (Tarsalgo) and Sick Benefit Society of Chicago and vicinity held a protest meeting last Saturday at the Olivet Institute* The aim of this meeting was to acquaint the American guests with the injustice done to Hungary ^and the necessity of revision of the treaty of Trianon* Among the evening* s speakers weres Ignatio Izsak, who spoke in English about the awful state of affairs in Central Europe* Winifred Ernest Garrison, the editor of Christian Century, spoke about certain phases and aspects of war* Victor Drozdy spoke about the absolute necessity of revision of the tre^f^ of Trianon* "^ ^^^ xreaty - 2 - HUNGARIAN Ci Otthon, Nov. 25,1928. B ^/PA •! Dr. Geza Takacs spoke very interestingly about crucified Hungary, and the V-._. American audience was impressed. Mrs. John Balazs sang. The Young People's Club of the Olivet Institute presented the Rakoczy March. ...r I G jjfjj IIUNG-aKlAN I C Qtthon> Nov. 11,1926. TO BUDAPEf:T 3Y AUTC. to p. 4.... Leaving i^Vance, we had two distinct impressions. One was that the roads were excellent , and that it is a country of hatreds. Passing Nancy and entering Alsace, we found more and more people speaking German. Only the children speak i*Vench. Keaching lierman soil, we lost tae feeling of traveling in enemy country. We felt at home in Munich, tie xSavarian capital. Of all the Germans, the Bavarians feel most sympatxietic towards the Hungarians. The Bavarian newspapers criticised i*rance's anti-:iungarian propaganda and wnen Coty, the perfume manufacturer ^wrote an insulting article in his newspaper, they called him the ''insane poisoner.** Froml^unich to Vienna the roads were still good, but when the good roads ended, the iriendly fe^iin^ toward the Hungarians ended too. Austria still feels hurt that Hungary was taken away from her* - 2 - HUNGARIAN Otthon , Nov. 11, 1926. In Burgenlandmany people speak Hungarian* The same complaint can be heard everywhere; Since Burgenland was taken away from Hungary and given to ^^^'^^^^ Austria under Feb. 18, 1921. Naturally, I was arrested, and I had to use all my influence to save myself from the usual "tv;enty-five on t he rack." Except for a few cases, there v/as no political persecution, ilverybody had to keep his opinion to himself ^ because if some one criticized the govern- ment in the presence of a policeman or gendarm.e, he received the customary "t^'/enty-five sticks on the rack" v/ithout any lep:al proceedings. The -tumanian people of Transylvania did not get v;hat they expected from ^^umanian r^ale. The intelligent and the richer people hoped to be given leederrhip. The poorer classes v^anted land and ex:)Gct8d an improvenent in the general economic situation. Both classes, v;ere disappointed, and are ,. -; -s. thorour^hly dissatisfied nov/." t •!,. \ s 1 ' I - ,_ ■-' ' I G I H HOKGARIAK Kagyar Tribune . Jan. 28, 1921. THE CAVE-SLEEPERS : JOIiN HJLL Al® IL DUCE By Von Lorthy* I answer, with the above heading, to the article titled ^Cave-Sleepers/* which appeared in last week* s issue of the Tribune » Perhaps should add my own name to the above heading, because my name was mentioned also by the Tribune. I agree with the ideas expressed in the article, and I would like to read that you would ••peel the skin from the face" of John Bull* The shameful ingratitude accorded the United States for the services in saving England from being expelled from the face of the earth by the Germans is clearly shown in an article in the issue of Herald and Examiner on January 15, page 1. This article describes how the American Mariners are murdered by the English in Cork. I shall not mention again how the United States **raked the chestnuts from the fire** for the English, and the attitude they asstamed toward the United - W.P,^ r/ v; I G I H - 2 - HDNGARIAII Magyar Tribiine . Jan. 28, 1921 • States^ It is enough to say that by God's grace the American people soon enotigh came to their senses and left the whole *^crooked business^ to England who alone is worthy of it* Nevertheless, America is cautious enough, and she declares she wants to be at peace with the whole world* Still she builds the largest navy in the world, which England cannot duplicate \intil she pays the debt owing to the United States* Since England is so beggarly that she cannot afford to pay even the interest, we have still less hope of ever getting the capital* England cannot be taken seriously, she cannot keep pace with us in the development of armaments • Who would furnish her with money for that? All Europe is bankrupt, and this bankruptcy vras staged by England and we must admit that she was successful, at the same time, bled us* I am certain of this, however^ England will not succeed in bluffing away the large amounts of money given to her by the United States, because if she were to resort to such tactics America will give' her a thrashing, and that with not over-exertion* I G I H - 3 - li^gyar Tribune, Jan. 28, 1921. HOJIGARIAK As to the German-Hussian- Japanese alliance, it is not. news to me, for I predicted it four years ago, and what the result would be. I have foretold too that England will be the first coxintry to try to get away from the old alliance. She will join a new alliance to again be on the side of the victors. Of course^ England forgets that Gennany knows her cunning, hypocritical, policy, and she will not confer with her. If the Gennan-Russian-Japanese alliance begins its work, I think that work will have a tendency to bring to reason the old English-French alliance, because these "manning footmen" implored America, with tears, to save them, and since the people here were not very enthusiastic to stop the army of English-French alliance in their flight, certain business interests might have forced our sons to go over whether or not to prevent the English and French army from disappearing from the earth. Thus, the great English-French victory was won. .Vhen the armistice was signed on the basis of the fourteen points of the president of the United States, everybody believed, not only the central powers, but the whole civilized ( I G I H - 4 - HDITGARIAN Magyar Tribime . Jan. 28, 1921, world, was certain that these points would bring universal peace. In- stead of peace, the English-French craze gained ground, the results of which are now apparent. I think the new alliance wants to replace what the Englsh-French craze spoiled. • Although we believe that Geimany would have enough reason to sulk as a result of the treatment accorded her but the Germans were wise, and they understood what happened. It was not the will of the Americaji people that brought us into the conflict and the old friendship will return. ¥Vl^A(ILL)PH0].?C2^^ I G HUITG-ARIM Ma.-;yar Tribune . Oct, 13, 1920. SH,\LL TIKRj; Bi; A LSAGU2 OF HATICNS? {^Lditorial) The battle of election is primarily being fought around the ideas of the League of Nations* Cox has come out openly and has declared himself for the League of Nations. Harding, on the other hand, does not approve of 7ilson*s ideas of the League, but he is for some sort of international organization. This does not settle the League of Nations question. The more progressive members of the Republican party, headed by Johnson and Borah, have cainpaigned against our having any-bhing to do with any foreign entan;.Uements just as the policy of the United States has been in the past. At times, Harding expresses himself as being for the association of the WPA (ILL.) PROJ. MI - 2 " x^ lUT^OAHIAN ulagyar Tribune , Oct. 13, 19P.0 different nationalities, and at other times, he seems to take the same stand that Johnson and Borah take. The more prominent men of the Republican party, including Taft, Hughes, Hoot, Hoover, and '.Vickersham, have expressed themselves as being for the League. Since th3se men are all faithful Republicans, and understand politics, they recommend that the plans for the League of Nations be revised from the way V/ilson advocates, but they approve of the idea itself. Thers are some peopl > v;ho claim that the Wilson plan for a League answers all requirements, but if the Republicans accept this plan, they will be play- ing their cards ri{r::ht into the hands of the Democrats, and then there v/ill iifh (ILL.) hiiUJ, 31/^/5 - o - HUNO^miAI:! Magyar Tribune , Oct. i;5, 1920 be no disagreements during the election carapaign v;ith reference to the League. There are certain peoplo v;ho v;ould li'ce to change certain ideas of this League pact. This probably v;ould not be a bad idea. The activities of the League of Nations at the present time are being followed very closel^^. The League may prove to be very useful, but again, it is liable to be absolutely useless. At the present time, these facts remain to be proved. One thing we do know is, that it is iiaperative to know all about t;iis very important matter. The Constitution of the United States is not absolutely perfect, so, consequently, they are continually modifying or addinr^ to it. It has been amended nineteen times up to date. And, if necessary, it v/ill be modified again. This is the process of dovelooment. WPA (ILL) PROl 30273 - 4 - HDIIOARIAN Magyar Tribune , Oct. 13, 1920. In Europe, there is no controversy about the League of Nations. Sach nation can see the necessity of such an organization, in fact, they are looking forward to its activities with high hopes, as an organization being capable of preventing a recurrence of another bloody war such as we hav^:' just gone through, and one that has upset li^irope and the entire world. The nations that lost the war, Gerinany, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey, are the only nations of j^iurope who cannot be nembers at the present time, due to the fact that the other nations do not want them to have anything to do with the conferences of the League, and this revolutionary move. T;iis is considered as a punishment to the above named nations. In a very short time these nations will also be admitted as members of the League. Russia is not a member yet, either, because Russia seems to be pre- paring for war against the whole world, though it is only a matter of time WFA(ILL}F:^Oj.m - 5 - HUNOARIA^T Llagyar Tribune , Get. 13, 19S0 before Russia will join the League, even thoufrh its political viev/s will be entirely different froia ths rost of the v.-orld. It is here the controversy lies. ;iaybe, it is because there is nothing else to di3CU33, or on which the Republicans and Deinocrats can argue, maybe, it is because if /vnierica joins the League it '.;ill raean rac^ical changes in /unerica^s foreign and dopiest ic policies. The United States rias kept av/ay fro:n serious disagreements that have cone up between European countries, but the ./orld ./ar tiirust us into European politics. Due to industrial and econo::iic conditions, the United States can no longer remain isolated from "urope. Europe ne^ds /jierica, and /imerica n^eds hiurope. Products of the United States WPAllLL)PR0i.30c.o - 6 - * ^iu:;garian i:agyar Tribune , Cct* 13, 1920 are constantly being exchanged for products inanufactured in Europe, thereby cenentin^ the tie between the tv;o continents. The entire v;orld has made i^reat advances in the field of contacting one another, since the invention of th-e steaii locci.iotive, stean boat, and telephone. These inventions have brought the entire v/orlc closer tcether, and new ideas have developed • So now the nations tarou';:aout the world are be^unnin^ to feel as thou.^h they snould all unite into one solid or::anization, which v/ill insure the v/orld of everlasting^ peace, v/ithcut intori*erence fro:-! any one :')articulrir nation. This is the idea that gave birth to the League of rations. There are sone 7;ho aoubt vjhetaer the League will live up to these expectations WPA(JLL,;PHOJ.cO^/5 ^^ » 7 irasjr^r_jribune, cct. 13 ^^'aja/j *? 00 ^ o" ■■»! la, „.;r fr a t>- - - »« the icea s.. ' , ,? "•" °" "'■s a.rt.l. r- ,„, '"-' ' -""^ »''<= ana „e b a^^e "%-^- 1= all ^.,,3 ,„^^ 'he iray it loots „„.. " " •'"•-th tryln» ' •■■•■■-"^ =ox. ir elected 'Z^^ i'^''-^' " elect-. „,„ . - -."^ " S,'- -- ^.^ n., ,.etlo„ e. to t,.e ..te. ..e • • T'tp v.^ . . -^atej joining "°" -- '-cte. eveS- -- -,^^ -ve to ., .,„3,_. ,, ,,„, ^_ ^ . ^-^ere will be a ^ea,,,. -. ' \ I G :::-:;^-yar Tribune , July 2, 1920. It is not necessary to di,^ into hintorj'- to discover that >-ungary, before the war, was a natural country, just as ?oheiaia, the Czechs part of Czecho-Slovalcia, is also a natural cruntr3''« I'ts natural boundaries were perfect. Cn the north, the vrjst and th3 southeast, it v/as riiuied v;ith hi':h mountains. On the south, its boundaries are forip.ed by large rivers. It is one of the iiost perfectly closed basins that can be foimd on any of the five continents. The Czechs argue that their country i^ a natural country, and has alv:ays belon^-^ed to them, therefore, the irdllions of Germans vrithin their boimdaries iiust bovx to the vrill of the Czechs. For tLis sarae reason, ".'unwary v;ants to keep her natural country intact. Strans'ely enough, there are many neople, v;ho reco^^nize the justice of the arr,ument of the Czechs, but cannot see \j\v3Te a similar argument on the part of the ::aoyars ivS v;orth its v/eipiit in sour apples. As a result, the bcunda-'ies of Hungary to-day are not \inc "-^ut red lines on maps. They are natural boundaries, and .lun^ary is bound and datermined to regain most of the - »c — ilur^J'j.u"^l.Uv! :!a.^"ar Tribune > July .o, 192C. land that has been taken froin her. In the north, .Iiin.'^ary has lost Slovakia and Russian!, these tvro countries beinc at the errbre^ie tip of 'Iun:^ar7. In tho oast, she has lost the hup^e rouc!;h trian-'^le of Trans^^lvania to the . P.uiuanians . In the -jest, she has lost the s.vjall strip of CJeri.iany west of "un.^arT'- to Austria, and in the south, she has lost Croatia and Slovenia to the Ju'^o-Slavs. All th^t renains is the Magyar kernel, v;hich v;as the center of the old Muncary. There is practically^ no outcry fron the :iagyars over the loss of Croatia and Slovania, the districts behind ?iu:Tie and the Dalmatian coast, v/hich noxv inake up the uoper end of Ju{;o-Slavia. The Croats have been a distinct, vxar- like, and progressive peoplo for centuries. Until the day of the /imiistice, they fou':^ht hard and valiantly a^i^ainst Italy and the Allies on the side of .lustria-IIunsary. So the esteera of the Ma^^yars for the Croats is high as brother ^:arriors, vxhereas they loathe the Czechs. Of all their enemies, - 3 - :ru?75.-iR i:ii- Llagyar Tribune , July .'j, 1920. the Italians held the Croat regiments of the Au3tro-n\msarian -"U7i!i3^ in the highest respect. Tlie Llasyars have nreat sympathy and love for them. For years, Croatia has been a state under the care of Iiun;:ar3r, :iun<^ary is sorry to lose Croatia, but so far as v/e can find out, there is no bitterness over the slicinp: of Croatia* But over the losses to the 31ovaks, Ilur.ianians , and Austrians, the I'agyars are rnalcing such an uproar that the ear dru:as of any stranger in Mtingary are constantly bein^ culled. They say that the vnrenching av;ay of these parts of Hungary is comparable only to tho partition in Poland, and the theft of jllsace and Lorraine by f^rriiany. One hears the phrase, "For over a thousand ::oars," so many times in the course of a cay hore in Iliingary that he finds himself ;valking along v/hisper- ing over and over ar^ain in tune v/ith his footsteps: "For over a thousand \ - 4 - ^^ir-3rvjRi.\:'T llafryar Tribune , July 2, 19r.C. years.*' 'le unccnsciou:^l2' ^-^ts it to all the tunes of the 'Hungarian o-chestra hiusic. The rattle of hor55G.,' hoofs seen to click out tho v;crds, "For ovnr a thousand years." illl I:a:^yar ar'^uinont^ are baied on thesn very words, -because of those thousand years, the :ia-::yars rrit their te-r^th, and say, "ol Kol Tever! -^hen asked to subiiit to the partition of their country. The Ila^Tyars are the direct de.^condantG of an .i^siatic tribe of r^coplo ":ho hailed frc:i the rich land.-, around the sea of Ascv, and their chief rr^eans of support ;vas obtained by s;;oopin;- on a nei vibcrin^ tribe, th reb^^ provicin,^ thenselves :7ith sur^lies and novin^ on. It is highly probable that if Attila, the v:ell- known Hun, iiad not dar:ia<^ed hio reputation by his loose riethods of :';a-oin:^ v/ar, the -va^v'ars •.'ould clai:i a distant relationship v;ith Attila and his -jarriors. Attila, at the present tine, is rather ne.^lectec in -aost histories of the lla^^yars. Tho ^r^^'test of all Aa^^yar loaders is said to be .Arpad. ,? / y - 5 - Magyar Tribuno , July 2, 1920. Iiovjever, nona of these larly .'.a:~;yar loaders v/ere honored v:ith. triuriph for their clever v;orlc* Meuiy men v;ere lost in the thousand years of conquest of Hun.^ary, and nor; after a thousand years th^ r;al Muncarj'- i: to b cri;;::led, and the nost vital sections taken fron her# Note: this article to be continuer in the ne':t issue of I'a.^yar Tribune. 1. ' o 4 •/ I a HUNGARIAIJ Llagyar Tribune , Apr, 23, 1920, by Foreign Correspondent Von Torthy (Editorial) Since the siv;-ninf^ of the /o^nistice, there has cone to our attention at regular intervals the natter of bringini"s before a court of justice those persons v/ho v/ere responsible for the war. This is a very -ood idea, but it seems that the real question is not to brin^: those persons to justice, but to detennine who really was responsible for the war* /o ic I repeat, the punishment idea is very -^ood, but as put forth by the French \^^^ politicians, it takes on more of an aspect of ven,2^eance than of punishment. Society punishes criminals to prevent crime, but not in a spirit of venr-eance. The Good 3ook v;arns, '^Venr^eance is mine, sayeth the Lord," V/ho are these French politicians that they should set themselves up as "Solomons" in an issue that concerns the v/hole world? *.' I G - S - HUl-IOARI/J-T lilagyar Tribune , Apr, 23, 1920. You v;ill notice that in si^^ning the Peace Treaty, the Germans signified their v/illingness to give up everybo:ly and everything asked by the /OLlies, But once the docunent v/as signed, Lir. Clenenceau engineered his venr'eful demands. The Germans sav; fit to regard these vengeful ideas as a joke. At least, they have not surrendered to anyone. Nor has Holland. Nor has any other country. Vi/hy? Because they do not know to ivhom they should surrender. European politicians seem to be laughing up their sleeves at L!r. Clemenceau, v/hile they are playing his game of "Should v/e rlv^ him up, or should we not give him up?" Let me repeat that this trial idea is a good thing v/hen the responsible ones are found. But the trial should not be before a court. It should be before the people and the punishment should not be banishment to some comfortable isle or peninsula. The guilty one should be sent to but one place: The lamp post! Vifhat crime did JiUielm Kohenzollern commit? As far as I can see, none. He tried to brin^• his nation out of the v/ar victorious, ^/hat did the officers of a HUITOiil^IAN Llagyar Tribune , Apr. 23, 1920 • his army do? They fou.^ht for their countr:/ Just as \ie as these v/ould be ven,:eance and no thin;; i;iore. cia To nunish such ./hat sort of crine did the IIabsburf:s cor:ijriit? Hone, v;hat3oever. It does seem a.s thoup-h they comiaitted a cruie, ar-ainst IIun,;ary, v;hich has been suppressed for centuries. The Hungarians v/ere forced to o to v;ar because of treaties made by the Habsbur^s. If punishn^nt should be inflictea on anyone, it should be the Habsbur-^j, ...ut have they not been punished enough? This is an affair that concerns Hun:;ary ulone and no one else, not even the Ion -nosed politi- cians of France, I cannot see hov; the feelin- of reven.":e ^^hich pro^upts this call for punishment can be directed to':ard IIun;;ary, becaus^:; it v;as there that war prisoners v;ere treated -ohe kindliest as evidenced "o'j the fact that thirt:^ r^er cent of them souv-ht permission to make their homes -rithin its boundaries after the v^ar. I contrast this ^rith the spirit of hate that existed v;ithin French prison ca??ins I.!ag:^rar Tribune , .-xpr. 2'6^ 1920* tovrard the nen of the centr-.l poivers. I have never heard of any former prison- ers v;ho v/anted to stay in that country after the v/ar, have you? i^or 'ohis I blai.ie the politicians vrho have blinded people. If it does happen that soiie one laust be punished for the criiie of ^-/ar, the searchli::;ht of justice should be tui^ed on the acts of those politicians, who v/ere busy before the conflict beyan ana afte">" it ended. They are the 02ies to be punished. They are the back-stabbinr assassins of the nations, T.'ir. Glemen- ceau has conir.iitted the gravest of sins against the peace and v/elfare of the world by Lialcinj secret treaties v:ith von :eance as his r.iotive. 7«Tien he signed the .-^rriistice under v/hich the i/arrin : nations put down their arras v/ith the nrecise stipulation that I.J7. ./ilson^s fourteen points be carried out, did I-Ir. Glei.ienceau have any intention of carryin-^ out even one point of j>.~. -_ — Llag^^ar Tribune , i^pr, 23, 1920, this procram? Previous and subseauent action on his part proved that he did not. That, in itseli", is a cririe acainst th^:^ people of the v/orld. I know I ain invitinr argument in the rollov/in^: statejrient, but on the part of the central povrer the v/ar '.:as a v;ar of defense a.f-ainst other European povrers. That it developed into a v/orld conquest is another matter. But at the bef'-innin.';;; I can truthfully say and do believe that it v/as a stroke of defense for the central -t'lllies. Defense against v;hat, you ask ne? A{;^ainst French political schemers and insidious leaders, I vjill ansv/er. I.]y proof is very easily presented. Hot ice the number of secret treaties France negotiated before the v;ar as brought out at the peace conference. V/liile the central pov/ers v;ere acceptinr- President ./ilson^s fourteen points, Ivlr. Clemenceau sent the Roumanians into Hunrc;ary to occupy and plunder. V/as this not a crime, a punishable crime? These Roumanians v/ould be there yet had not iimerica put I g - 6 - HUIIGARIAI;! IJag^ar Tribune , Apr, 23, 1920. forth such strenuous efforts, and stook staunchly behind G-eneral Bandholtz in his efforts to put an end to these robberies. Talkin^-^ about cri^ies ar^ainst the peace of the v/orld, I need not naine the arch-criminal. I \^:ill leave it to your intelligence and sense of justice, Xien llr. Glemenceau went out to -et Americans help, did he mention any of his secret treaties? Ke did not, because he knev/ he v/ould not r^et Americans help if he did. Another indictment af^ainst Llr. Glemenceau: dishonesty, '.^en the American people founa out about his policies, they turned their back on him, and V70uld have nothing to do v/ith his scheminrrs. Permit me to make a prediction: Llr. Glemenceau* s hysterical ambitions v;ill never be realized. In the first place, America i/ill never ar^ree to such poli- cies nor sanction such action; and in the second, the countries upon v/hich he I G - 7 - irUl-IGAHIiiN Lla^^yar Tribune , Apr. 23, 1920. attempts, or his successors may attempt, to impose his policies can be counted on to resist to the last man. This is human nature and human nature is the same in a nation as in an individual, I^am sure that the Hungarian nation, v/hich has borne up under the policies of the Habsburgs for a thousand years, v/ill continue to oear up under any burden. If the sip;ns that point to the election of Archduke Joseph are true pointers, then Hungary vrill speedily take her place among the c^^^'t nations of the v/orld, I am sure that Joseph possesses the strength of character, the determination and the intelligence to lead his people to political and economic preeminence. As for Ivir, Clemenceau, you mark my v7ord, he v/ill live to reap the harvest of his insane policies, and to rue the day he gave them birth. That I knoxvl f" o •'■■ ■'1. f -' / I I E HUNGARIAN ar Tribune > Liir* 28 > 1919. TEE NE^V HUNGARIAN ROTOLUTION (Editorial) The forces of revolution that have shaken poor old Hungary have hurt the heart of every son and daughter of Hungary throughout the world. Naturally, we Americans of Hungarian descent, are hurt as a consequence of the sorrowful plight of our native land. We do not want to apologize for this terrible plunge that she has taken, as we are only distant observers of this great tragedy. Justification she hardly needs* '/: As a drowning man grasps at a straw, Hungary, as a last resort for self- preservation, was driven into the anas of Bolshevism. Pressed in upon all X-i- sides by her enemies, lacking food and fuel, the approaching peace seemed to ' A- riik - 2 - HDHG-ARIAN Magyar Tribime , Mar. 28, 1919* be worse than all the horrors of the unfortunate War. Her ancient territory taken from her, stripped of all her economic wealth, tied down with old debts, she could not resign herself to be the broken shadow of her glorious, but stormy past. After a thousand years of continuous fighting to attain a place in the world, bleeding for, and defending Christianity of the western civilization against the heathen hordes of Tartars and Turks, with all the grave errors that she may have cororaitted, she .deserves something better than to be destroyed to the core. /'r '■ ) ^4r - 3 - HUNGARIAN I>/Lagyar Tribune , Iblar. 28, 1919. Let us hope that this desperate step Hungary has taken will open the eyes of the world, and stimulate the realization of an honorable peace v/hich is founded upon the well-known and universally accepted ?/ilsonian principles. In whatever direction events may devalop and terminate in this great European turmoil, I have found assurance for Americans of Hungarian descent. In this immense turmoil abroad, the heart and soul of the American people responded to defend the cause. America understands the sad plight of Hungary, and places the blame 77here it belongs. To illustrate this point, I refer to two of our greatest exponents of /unerican public opinion: The Chicago Daily- Tribune , and the Nev; York Vforld . The first representing v/estern thought, and the second^ eastern reflection. The former representing the Republican anti- \ ^'' - 4 - hdng;iRIan Llagyar Tribune, Mar, 28, 1919. administration sentiment, the latter the Democratic pro- administration sentiment. Both great in their influence, and outspoken in their views, the consensus of opinion of both papers is surprisingly unifoim, fair- minded, and just on the question of this new Hungarian revolution. They do not condemn Hungary for declaring war again, and joining the Russian Bolshevik movement, but they clearly point to the French imperialistic tendencies, and to the outrageous claims of Hungary's surrounding enemies, the Czechoslovaks, the Serbians, and the Rumanians, as the undermining momentum which caused the explosion in Hungary, This honest expression of the /unerican public's opinion demonstrates that Americans harbor no feeling of revenge or animosity toward Hungary, but - quite to the contrary, there is an understanding and unbiased opinion here. / • - 5 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune, liar. 28, 1919. This also should be a lesson to Hungarians all over this great country, and should inspire us to more earnest devotion, more genuine patriotism, and uhflinching faith in the United States. Note: This editorial was written for the Llagyar Tribune , by Dr. Ernest Loewinger, v;ho is a resident of Chicago, and a tireless worker in the interest of the Chicago-Hungarians y », \ ,7 I G III H HUNa-iRIAlT y^^ar Trib\me> Nov. 22, 1918, LOUIS K0S3TJTH LU ID^R 0? I!UITG^^L\IT ET- DEPSKD^NCS (Editorial) Louis Kossuth, leader of the Hungarian revolution against Austria in 1848, who exiled himself after the uprising was suppressed, forwarded a message to the people of the United States before he visited this country. In this message were utterances of great importance, and pre- dictions which, Tor the rriost part came true. For this reason, and for the xinshakable confidence the former governor of Hungary had e.: ;ressed in the sense of justice of this nation and for its bitter attack on Austria, vassal of Germany* V - A// - 2 - HDNGARIAN l^feigyar Tribune , Nov. 22, 1918. rfhile writing in this country, the great leader for liberty first described events as they happened, and asserted that .^ustria had fought against the Hungarians not only with arms, and v/ith the aid of traitors, but with diabolical plans and imceasing slander. Louis Kossuth addressed the American people in this manner: ''Free citizens of .iiuerical You have given in spite of this slander your fullest sympathy to my country. Oh that you had been the neighboring natloa, the Old .;orld would nov/ be free, and you would not be forced to /^ endure those terrible "convulsions" again, and cross rivers of "blood" ' which are inevitable. But the end is with God, and he will choose the means to fulfill his purpose." These words, prophetic as they were, have come true, even in their negative - 3 - HDKGARIM Magyar Tribune > Nov. 22, 1918# sense, that if America had been the neighboring nation, the old world would have been free, and we had not witnessed the present catastrophe. In another passage, the passing of the Hapsburgh is foretold, the message reads: "Francis Joseph, thou beardless Nero, thou darest say that Hungary shall not exist, but you and your treacherous house shall stand no longer, you shall no longer be king of Hungary. Be for- ever banished, you terrible traitor to the nationi" The disruption of a centralized Austrian empire is predicted as follows: "The sentiment of sympathy for our sufferings will inspire among the smaller states and race the wish for a fraternal confederation for that / < \< \ - 4 - HDKGARL'\N tfeigyar Tribune , Nov. 22, 19 18. which I always urged as the only safe policy and guarantee of freedom for all of thatn. The realization of this idea will hurl the power of the haughty monarch's history out of the past, and Hungary will be free and surrounded by four nations. Among the nations of the v;orld, vie owe gratitude and affection to the people of the United States, vjho, with their liberal government, inspired us with hope, and give us courage b-^ their deep interest in our cause and sufferings." Kossuth exclaims in his appeal: "Austria, even in her victory, has given herself a mortal v/ound. Her weakness is betrayed. The - 5 - HUNGARIAIT Magyar Tribune , Nov. 22, 1918. world does no longer believe that it needs the preservation of this decoyed empire. It is evident that its existence is a cnrse to the wel- fare of society, /inion.^ all the races of the empire, there is none that does not despair the reigning fanily of Hapsbnrr^h. V/hen the empire falls, not a tear of regret will follow it to its grave, and it will surely fall. A shot fired from an American or English vessel from the Adriatic would be like a trumpet at the city of "Jericho.** Describing the sentiment in this country some fifty years ago, Kossuth writes the following: '♦The President of the United States in v/hom the confidence of a few people have elevated to the loftiest station in the world, in his message to Congress announced that the American governmeitfc would have been the first to recognize the independence of Hungary, And - 6 - nOI^TGiffllAN Lkgyar Tribune , Nov. 22, 191 8. the Senators and ^Representatives in Concress marked the destroyers of the liberty of my country with stigma of ignominy and expressed with indignant feelings their contempt for the conduct of Austria, and their wish to break diplomatic intercourse with that goveriment. The sum- moned monarchs are before the ^judgment seat of humanity*" '^' ''^) I G IIDNaARIAK Magyar Tribune , Aug. 30, 1918. VJHAT THE IDEA OF THE IIILITARY SHOV; IS This Military Show, which is going to be held in Gr^^nt Park beginning September 2, through September 15, is one of the customs or requireiaents of the United States government. There will be more than twenty carloads of war equipment put on exhibition. Gannons, rifles, airplanes, torpedoes, bombs, and many other articles of war taken from the German captives and t lose used by the Allies. The government, through the committee on Public Information, wishes to acquaint the people with its ideas on war. 7/ith this assurance, the 7/ar Department, the Secretary of Navy, and the Department of Finance are cooperating to make this Military Show possible. In addition, there will be representatives from the Allies and also representatives of many patriotic associations functioning in the United States. - 2 - H[]NGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Aug* 30, 1918. All these different organizations and individuals are affiliated with the local branch of the State Council of Defense, and a committee of one hundred businessmen, representing the city of Chicago. Samuel Insull has been chosen president of this organization. He is also president of the State Council of Defense. This Military S low is not being sponsored for monetary reasons because the comraittee has established a fund of ^125,000 dollars which has been set aside in order that the jovernment will not have to pay the expenses of this Show^ This military Show vdll not be a theatrical performance, neither will it try to perform any miracles. mm . 3 - ?IDlMa/-iRIA]M !.-Iag;yar Tribune > Aug. 30, 1918. We do consider this Show as having more or less an educational value, with its aim to educate the people of the Iliddle V/est in the following: That this 7/ar is the peoples* war. That the Oermans are fighting, the type of v/ar equipment they use, nd their treatment of women and children, and the results thereof. How our boys are fighting, what type of ,,ims they use, and how they are taught to use them. The most imt)ortant point is to teach the -people why this war is being fought, and v/hy it is the duty of every nan, v/oman, and child, to aid the boys who are fighting for this country over there. ^ ^ ^ llacT^yar Tribune , i^u^. '-^0, 1918. IICrrTGARIAN This Shov; is for the veterms* bc^nefit. The Lliddle 'Vest has done its part very noblv in aidin^r this country in this War, but until v/e can see h07/ our boys face death over there, v/e v/ill not loiov/ what War means. ruiTG.^acj; I G Ilapyar Tribune > .-.uc. 23, 1918. i2Ijtii:g ok cgi:..gic grcund (:2ditorial) There is to be another Liberty Loan this Fall, .mother test of the patriot- ism, thrift, and self-sacrificinc qualities of the Hungarian-.^mericans* But is it fair to call it a test? Have not the Hungarian-. juericans, during the months just gone by, since their entry iato the '.Var, demonstrated to all the world that they can deny themselves luxuries, forego comforts, and shoulder unv/ontod burdens in the cause of liberation? Tliere may be some among us v;ho are shortsighted, little roalizing the mag- nitude of the task that lies ahead, v/ho permit themselves to think, but they v/ill not say that they are tired of lOcining. But the mothers, v/ives, and s\7eethearbs of ..merica have not grown vjeary of giving up their men. Jvery day, from every port, sail regiments of men, v;ho .1 4. 1 ■» - » i. o 1^ O. are .--.j ci nc^turo in order to cu :,o .. 3:1 • Xieric-':: ■..Qi.i'.ii-u • ' , 1 -• • • " u:i 1 ^ .:. o on. .^oe':; celoi; zno V.S J. > O .otv-1. 4- 1- u ^ -. v.; -L O no i il^.4.. «...^.. O -'(.^ 13 0^. . '.y „ - J .;. V X. 4- : , c' '.ir out ■::. tvmO O •-< X X v.^ . • - .. i O O L/ J. - ^ •J I . X - . _» ..L L r;yri--d. o; -' 5 - tlio 70^an^^ irion rcpr^saat- in^ thi:^ ooumtr;^'- Oii t'-e b.-t ' ?.c fields of j'T'ince, ar^.. -lyii:--: heroically .i/o:.- ... c..:i -lit'' iinG fouii.1 on'r'ortuiiitv .n.,. c ;curit n uC n: •/.tion.'l ji.iotic3, th-:r . io not muci: tal^: of rjjtin";. The call of the fourth liuDrt" ..o .:. iif en i.iillion uor^onc in the Liiitod .^t tea. X o ^-^ a. froi.i Uiu-tcvor l-.n.i taa T •> .* 9 \ \ • , r» X OXU^I,^ T U o •Co ■r ■-■■» ■-■•>-] ] 1 T ■-■ ' • - v.'^ "I • 111 ^-•'' r> ' w V- . '^ • Vy J. -L. Lj ^' 1^ \.J . . .' o ; 1 J. J- '-, ^,, < ' - A v_/ .11 - _:. (J . ... ' J U - 'J-i. i.. tQ bo ccono: ;% : .on .-^rounu ;.::on *. — J * ^ ^^ J. i^ v_/ I Cr HDNQARIAN Maygar Tribune , Aug. 16, 1918. LET'S GET ACQUAINTED WITE THE V/AR (Editorial) Day after day, we read news of what is happening on the different battle- fields of this great war. Vife have become so accustomed to these war items that we now regard them casually, without stopping to consider the millions of lives now involved in this War. We do not take this attitude of the War because our feeling or interest in civilization is dying, nor is it because we are not concerned with the out- come of the .Var. The outcome of the vfar does matter, qs the fate of thB suppressed nations depends on the outcome of this War* We do not think we are wrong in saying that this indifference is due to the fact that we can only read about it in the newspapers, and judge from T«^at - 2 - HDNQARIAN Maygar Tribune , Aug. 16, 1918. they say about the War concerning the millions of men fighting each other, and the thousands dying daily. All we do is read about these things • V/e do not realize, nor are we able to see the horrors that exist on the battlefields, tie can not hear the exploding cannons and shells, nor see the constant fire of machine guns, nor do we fear the attack of battle- ships* This is the reason why we talk so unconcernedly of V/ar, this is the reason why we do not do anjrbhing to help end this great War. This is why we do not show more patriotism toward the country in which we live. The committee of Public Information, in conjunction with the State Council of Defense, has decided to show the people of the United States the horrors of War. To do this, they have decided to hold a gigantic Military Show in Grant Park from September 2 to September 15. € A cA\ - 3 - HUNGARIAN Maygar Tribune , Aug. 16, 1918. The committee of Public Information has extended invitations to all editors of foreign newspapers to attend a meeting to be held August 13* This newspaper was represented at this meeting by Mr. Ivlartin Benedek, and the other Hungarian newspaper, The Figyelo > was represented by ISr. Stephen Fay. The editors of all the foreign newspapers received the idea very favorably. It looked as though all the nationalities had been planning for just such a thing. The Slavic editors had already designated the time for the exclusive use of their people. It is up to us now, Chicago-Hungarians. V/e must not get lost behind the rest of the nationalities. He must not bring shame on the Hungarian name. We are Americans also, and good loyal Americans. It is for our own good that we take part in this affair just as all the other national* ities have done. I G ^■^-^ ^ kacyar Tribune , ::ay 10, 1918. '^^ iDjLiS Oi?^ KiE hung.j May 10, 1918. fighting as a Oerinan ally. The Hungarian people, hovvever, are not free. They are governed by the country's capitalists, who for their own protection have forced Hungary into the war. The same persons who forced the Hungarian nation into v.ar are the ones viio oppressed the Hungarian people. It is the duty of the Association to acquaint the people with the facts of the war and the objectives for which the United States is striving. -D As far as this organization know^s, no Hungarian organization has ever explained -^ the intricacies of the war. Therefore the Hungarian Patriotic Association 5 has been organized vdth this idea in niind. The Association has a great future, 2 although nov; it is only a state-wide organization with Chicago as its local ^ headquarters. ^ This organization was built up by the Chicago Hungarians in order that the Hungarian people night show their appreciation as a group toward the United States. The Hungarian people in Chicago are fully satisfied that the United States is fighting to free all humanity from a reign of tyranny. This - 4 - IIUITGARIAN Magyar Tribune , toy 10, 1918. organization does not believe in suppressing the facts of the v;ar, but will take every opportunity to present a true account of the conflict. V/ith this cultural work in mind, the Association will gain the confidence ^ of the Hungarian people in their fight for liberty through the Hungarian- 2 ilmericans. The Hungarians in the United States will fight for the victory <:::^ of the United States; they will understand that Hungary would be fighting for f" the same cause that the United States is fighting for, if the German Junkers -u Y/ere not the overpov/ering rulers of Hungary. o translator's note: This article was written by Joseph Fekete, secretary of S Hungarian Patriotic Ass*n.7 ^ CO o ho WPA (ILL) PROJ. 3027b HUNGARIAN I G Magyar Tribune < Apr. 26, 1918. HUNGARIAN INVOLVED IN CRIME. On can find individuals among Hungarians ^o do not appreciate the freedom and liberty enjoyed by the people living in the United States. All this country expects of its residents is that they respect the laws and keep their thoughts to themselves. Oct. 5, 1917 societies should use their influence to induce their members to support the loan. If it is not successful, regardless how strong this nation might be, its general principles and aims will be completely shattered. Sach and every lodge club, and other organizations must do something to secure the success of this loan. At this time the government wants to acquaint the foreign population with the necessity of the loan. The government has sent representatives to the foreign groups in order to acquaint them with the situation and from now on it is up to them to rally to the aid of our -overnment. To support this loan it is not only a patriotic duty but also a .^^ood business investment. Its success depends on whether or not the public is fully acquainted with the facts, iivery individual should purchase at least one bond. The Hungarian American citizens, as they always do, w:ll find the path of righteiousness and recognize their patriotic duty. V/e all know that each and every citizen has his bit to do. The Hun.^-.arian American citizen knows that in the time of peace we should all be good law abiding citizens, s:nd WPA(ILL)F!iQJ.oO>:/i) - 3 - HUNGARIAN y.a.^.yar Tribune » Oct. 5, 1917 nojv, in time oi' A^ar, Me all know that not to help our country is a ,^reat sin The foreign *i.merican citizens will make it possible for this second Liberty loan to be just as successful as the first one. This success will be the most expressive proof of r;ooci citizenship, patriotism, and of our love of a peaceful home. I Q HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune . Aug. 10, 1917. '//HO CAUSrlD THE V/AR ^ "^ rftUJ.^/j (Editorial) Recent statements made by Girard, a Berlin representative give the American press a different interpretation of the meaning of the war© Our free American press v;ho has proven itself non-partisian in the war J^^^ wants to prove that this world catastrophe was caused by the German Kaiser. He was the one and only one that wanted to bathe himself in blood and suppress the rest of iCurope. - The Russian Czar is just a shy little lamb, the English king is as innocent as a new born child, Peter the Serbian king is a nationalistic idol and he is a true representative of democracy, the Roman and Italian kings are two peace loving kings and hate the sight of blood as much as some of our temperance promoters hate the sight of intoxicating beverages • Perhaps the American papers are right, although no one can say for sure whether they are right or wrong. The allies blame the German Kaiser solely for having caused the war, while the central Europe powers blame the Russian Czar and the English empire, while the socialists of the world blame the capitalists. I G - 2 - HUNG/JIIAN Ifegyar Tribune. Aug. 10, 1917. '^VPa (fUJ PRO,. 31^75 All this shifting of blame from one to another does not interest the human race* After the blame is determined it will not resurrect those that have lost their lives during the last three years of war, nor does it protect the lives of those millions who by some chance are still among the living. There is not one single American soldier who will be saved by the fact that the German Kaiser is being made the scape goat* The American press would accomplish a lot more by determining who is to blame for the continuation of the war, or who is to blame for the fact that we can not have peace* Today, after millions have lost their lives, those who are standing in the way of peace are committing a greater sin than those who three years ago promoted this war* WPA (ILL.) PBOJ. 30276 I G HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune ^ May 31, 1917. REGISTRATION (Editorial) June 5th will long be remembered by every man in the United States • On this day the first call will go out for all men to register in order that the United States army officials may pick suitable men for duty overseas. The registration takes in every man regardless of whether he is a citizen of this country or not. At present, it is required that every man who has reached his 21st birthday, but has not reached his Slst should register for examination by the Army. It is the duty of every American citizen to protect his country. Only American citizens are being drafted into the Army, but every man regardless of citizenship will be required to register. The registration will take place at the polling places of the different precincts. There will be no excuses for not registering. Even those who are ill must register; there will be special provisions made for them. WPA (ILL) PROJ. 30275 - 2 - HUIIGARIAN Magyar Tribune > ^My 31, 1917. The Hungarian-Americans have always fulfilled all requirements of good citizen- ship. It does not seem necessary to warn the Hungarian citizens in this country of the importance of registering, because they all know that laws in this country are not considered as a joking matter* Now we must consider the Hungarians who are not citizens of the United States. They nust register also, although they are not required to serve in the Army. It is very important that no Hungarian should consider this matter of registration lightly. No one should think that if they postpone their registration, the govern- ment will not catch up with them. When the offenders are caught no excuses will be accepted whether a man is a citizen of this country or not. The penalty for the offense of not registering is one year in jail, and this penalty can not be escaped by the payment of a fine. June the fifth should be kept in mind by all Hungarians and if any of them have any doubt as to the date let him find out about it. WPA (ILL) PROJ. 302^5 • 3 • HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune ^ My 31, 1917. A reprint of the registration law has been mailed to all recognized mwspfP^y^ij 3^5^97^ in the country with the request that the editors familiarize their i^ed-ci^rs with" " '' this law, Y/e of the Magyar Tribune stand ready to serve our readers and friends at all times. V/e will give you our fullest co-operation and our best advice in this matter. HDNOARIM Magyar Tribune > Apr* 21, 1917. .,,r.^ /!U ^P-Hr ^--^-^ THE TEN COLIMAKDLaHTS FOR IIJLIIGRANTS IN TIME OF WAR (Editorial) You must never forget that no one asked you to come to the United States. You came here of your own free will to make a better living and to save a few nickels for your old age. II VhMl yo^ stepped on the shore of the United States you were on free soil. No one asked you what you were doing here, and no one stood in your way. It was up to you and you only v/hat you were going to do in this country. The nation immediately became yo\ir friend. You received the respect due to a guest when you entered the United States. Respect your host, and yo\ir host will respect you. . 2 - HaNOARIAH Magyar Tribune , Apr. 21, 1917. ,' p,'> ( III Keep your thoughts to yourself* Maybe the pope knows everything, but you are not a pope, and this does not mean that you know more than he does. IV Do not get involved in any arguments in public places* For six days do your work and attend to your duties* On the seventh day rest; that is what the Lord intended you to do. Six days out of the week are for labor, and during this time you should think of nothing but your duties. If you are engaged in respectable work, you will be considered a law-abiding citizen, so work for six days, and on the seventh day of the week devote your time to rest and to your family. I G III A - 3 - ar Tribune, Apr. 21, 1917 HDNGARIAN VI Do not take part in any political movement. Trust the people whose duty it is to think for you. Be satisfied, for you will not be able to change things €aiyway. In war unity means strength. VII Have respect for the laws of the country which provides your daily biread. The laws defend your interests. Every law lias a purpose* You must be familiar with the laws, and you m\ist obey them. VIII Do not carry on your person any kind of firearm or other deadly weapon* Your only weapon of defense should be yoxir self-respect* I G - 4 - HONGARIAN III A Magyar Tribune, Apr. 21, 1917, -'t /'', • \ ;~ on ' 'ir.^iir- I ,- IX Keep your savings in the same place in which you had them in time of peace. Money should be kept in a bank and not on one's person or at the place where one lives. Tou yourself cannot guard your money so v;ell as the bank can. The laws of this country insure that what is yo\irs is yoiirs only. Regardless of v/hat the future may bring, your wealth will not be threatened by disaster in the United States. X Love your neighbor. All men are equal regardless of creed and nationality. We all came from the same parentage originally, and we are all brothers and sisters. After the World War v/ill come brotherly love among the nations of the world. It is for this purpose that this country is fighting. No one asks you for sacrifice in this war; therefore you can lead a life of peace and happiness if you keep to the straight and narrov/ ].:)ath. HUNGARIAN I I J i«''A(ii.WPhu;.o... Magyar Tribune ^ Apr. 6, 1917. WARNING Me do hereby urge those Hungarians who are not citizens of the United StateSf to adhere strictly to laws of the United States* £very Hungarian citizen should guard against critizing Congress and the President of the United States in regard to their action on the ^ar situation* Free speech is not the privilege of tnose who ^re only guests of this country* The only ones that have a right to criticize the acts of the President and Congress are the people of the United States who are citizens of the United States* To those of us who are only guests of the United States, the war between the allies and Germany is of no concern* He should keep to our usual business and avoid dissention among our fellow-workers with reference to the war question • / J I G VVi^A(ILL.)PROJ.30/: HUNGARIAN tfeigyar Tribune , March 30, 1917. SAFETY OF FOREIGN VffiALTH (Editorial) A decision is up before the congress of the United States with regards to entering the war. This decision is giving the German people of this country considerable worry and this situation has also caused the Hungarian people to be worried to some extent* Since this country broke relationship with Germany, the German people in a couple of cities in the United States have become worried, and have taken all their savings out of the bank. Therefore the President of the United States has seen fit to make an announcement, that even if this country does go to war with a foreign power, the wealth of foreigners in this country will be safe. The President of the United States has learned that there has been a rumor among the foreign population of the United States that if war breaks out with any - 2 • WPA (ILL.) PHOJ, 30275 HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune ^ March 30, 1917 • particular nation, the people of that nation living in this country will have their property and savings in the banks confiscated by the government. Therefore the President has authorized the Secretary of State to make an announcement that these rumors ard false and that there is no cause for the people to worry. The government of the United States under no circumstances will use the war situation as a reason for confiscating wealth in this country. The government will protect foreign property in this counxry just as it will protect the property of the citizens of this country. This means that property and bank savings of Hungarians living in the United States are and will be just as safe in time of war as they were in time of peace. This announcement will cause a better feeling towards the government by both the citizens of this country and non citizens. WPA(JLL)PH0J.3C2;5 . 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Jiarch 30, 1917 • We ask that you do not listen to anyone, who is spreading fear and dissatisfaction. No one should rush the banks or leave his present place of employment. No one should get excited over the present situation and everyone must feel the situation will be cleared up to the satisfaction of everyone* that r !• ATTITODSS H« Social Problems and Social Legislation I H I l; 1 a J^ Ottrion , L'ar. 10, 1935. (Editorial) The United states is a T)eculiar country. It was f .mnded on de .ocratio principles and has set an eyzanple for all nations v;ho fou.^ht for liberty and took their governicent in tholr hands. On the "basis of these de-:o- cratic ideas, this country crcat id the "oncrass, consisting: of tv/o '-ouses, so t lat the U^ner -louse, the oenate, :iay curb the enthusiasm of the Mouse of Representatives. Administerin : justice over the e bodies, it created the 3ut)re!ne cou-^-t, -nd dele :ated to this body cornoosed of nine len, the privilege to nullify lav;s enacted by the Oon-ress, if th^y feel so inclined. Z - riTTGARIAIT Otthon, !:ar. 10, 1935. Go^.Viion sense dictates that Oon^ross should Icnov; v;hat it is doing oecause there are enough rienbers in it capable of perron.iin'- their duties, and they have ample ti":e to thrash out thoroughly v;hat is advantageous for this country. In the Unit^^d States, hov/e/er, this is not enough. The validity and constitutionality of the lav;s are iecided by the nine men of the Supreme Court. If, in the gold decision, it had not happened that five votes ;vere for the measure and four a rain.it it, in other words, if one man v/ould have had different ideas, there v/ould have been chaos in the financial affairs of the cou.itry. There is enough trouble at oresent about the constitutionality of the ms^ and the Hew Deal. V/e are up to our necks in debate. Congress has passed lav/s which it believes v;ill restore the country to normal, but it seems that the laws can- 3 - rimr.iia.*ji Otthon, Uar. 10, 1935, not be :.Hde a vital ^art of the co\intry. Oon^^ress support d the v/orkers in the ITRix neasure, • nd insured them the right of coiiective bargaining. This ujihoped for victory rdaddened the workers' hearts, but their joys vjere short-lived. They see that this lav; has made many enemies for them. The govera^aent meant v;ell, but could not carry it throuf^h. The workers should not lose hope. The road to pro-^ress has alv/ays been slow, but sure. As slavery was abolish d, so vail the modern industrial slavery not last long, no matter hov; the nine .en jf the Supreme Court decide. ;- wm J: .1 ./ I H III B 4 III G Otthon, Dec. 11, 1932. HUlIG/JRLAl^" iiVFA ;;L:J ^i-iw, ^i/v/' HUGLi, COi:Ti:;R£I.C"i; AGLUNST DIEIS BILL The Protection of Foreign Born Organization held a huge conference on Nov* 20. Two hundred and forty delegates, representing 250 organizations, were present and discussed wi.ys and neans hov; to voice their objections against the Dies Bill, nov; in Congress. There never has been a conference of such proportions, vv'here so many nationi'-lities and organizations took part. Among those present v/ere delegates of churches, benefit societies, social clubs, branches of the A. F. of L., and radical organizations. Albert Goldman, attorney, explained the danger of the Dies law to all v/orkers, v/hether native or foreign-born, of the deportation in progress of ignorant workers. He showed in his talk that the greatest danger is to those v/orkers and organizations that are not familiar v/ith immigration laws. IK - 2 - IIUITaARIM III B 4 III G Otthon, Dec. 11, 1932. r..,^, ,, . ., , ^ .^ ^Ve have to do everything in our power to enlighten the people about the Dies Bill and other anti-foreign policy laws, to protect them from un- official persecution by officious government employees. We must organize before taking any steps, and everyone has to take part in this movement. HUMSARIAN Otthon, June 7, 1931. -"^ *^' '^ /5 POBUC WORKS TO AID DNEMPLOYED William Randolph Hearst 9 Americans leading publisher has joined the ranks of the miracle doctors of econooiies who have discoyered sure cures to end the depression. Hearst I who owns twenty American newspapers and is a multi-millionaire broadcast his theories on the Columbia Network* Hearst says that the depression is due to over capitalization and furthermore that Big Business didn*t give enough of their earnings during prosperity to the working class* } To remedy this situation he advises the Federal Government to take the leading role and hasten the return of prosperity by beginning huge public works » because the only way to restore confidence is to give work to the army of unemployed* The working hours must be shortened 9 because more men can thus be employed* If the wages would have kept pace with the modern machinery » not only the machinery f J D . 2 . HUNGARIAN Otthon« June ?» 1931. '\ » not only the manufacturers, but the wage earners would have benefited* This would hare meant prosperty and more buying power* Hearst *s theories contain many good points, which would affect us all, if it were put to practice. We think it important to entertain these thoughts favorably* I H I D 1 a III H I C HDNGi^RUN Magyar Tribune > Aug. 23, 1929 • THE CHARGE OF AVARICE Goimaents on the EdltoricJ. in The Chicago Tribune (Editorial by Dr. Erno Lowinger) Undoubtedly many of our readers noticed the Chicago Tribune* s editorial in which the materialistic tendencies of Europeans are discussed* This edi- torieil was evidently inspired by the cablegram from Budapest which announced the mass murders committed by the midwives of Szolnok County, Hungary* This piece of infoimation as related by Laszlo Toth, rector of Tiszakurt, offers proof that religious feeling has been lost in the hearts of the popu- lation* The desire for money forces women to commit horrible crimes, such as the murder of their husbands in order to collect the inheritance and then remarry* The Chicago Sunday Tribune states that although Europeans accuse Americans of m. o •A I H - 2 - HUNGARIAN I D 1 a III H Magyar Tribune . Aug. 23, 1929. I C being mercenary dollar chasers, the opposite is true as evidenced by the fact that Europeans are so avaricious that they resort to the murder of hus- bands to obtain wealth • Further on in the editorial, the writer dissects European social life and con- cludes that Europeans, the uncultured primitive class as well as the idle upper class, are purely materialistic, always struggling for wealth. The writer goes on to say that accusing the American people of greediness is childish, because the Americans are merely keeping step with the progress of the twentieth cen- tury. The editorial, in our estimation, is in itself apologetic We who have lived in America for a long time note with pleasure the commendable change that has taken place in American life in the past fifteen or twenty years. The interest and good will shown toward art and science and the effort to solve social problems force us to admit that the branding of Americans as purely, I H - 3 - HDNGARIAN I D 1 a III H Magyar Tribune ^ Aug, 23, 1929. I C materialistic and greedy is wrong. In a country with a population of one hundred and twenty million, comprised of so many different kinds of people, it is difficult to find the typical American, Therefore, the exceptions are often branded as typical. On the other hand, it is just as ridiculous to condemn all Europeans be- cause of the Szolnok County mass murders, •••• We who have divided our life into two pso'ts and know European and American people equally well, realize that this question cannot he discussed super- ficially and that generalities are deceptive. It should be analyzed in order to get a clear picture and reach a true verdict. Let us take the case of the Szolnok Coiinty mass murders. Let us admit that the rector stated the truth when he said that avarice was the cause of the mass murders, V/e must add that such crime can occur only among the lowest^ ^ I H - 4 - HUNGARIAN I D 1 a III H Magyar Tribime > Aug. 23, 1929 • I C class of agricultural workers where extreme poverty drives them to crime. And, although we decidedly condemn the crimes committed by these poverty- stricken people, still we can understand this better than the crimes commit- ted by wealthy and cultured men of America. The poor people of Hungary are. literally in a state of hopelessness. If th^ earn a little above their everyday needs, the government taxes eat up the sur- plus. In this desperate situation, the primitive uncultured soul heeds the voice of instinct and steals, embezzles, and murders. Terrible, but compre- hensible. However, v^at do we see here? The Sinclairs, the Days, the Capones, and the other millionaire oil and bootlegger barons who are in Jail or against whom suits are pending — aren't they the prototypes of American greed, avarice, and materialism? What could be the cause of gangster warfare that has been going on in Chicago I H - 5 - HUNGARIAN I D 1 a III H Magyar Trlbime , Aug. 23, 1929. I C for years? These American criminals are enjoying all the advantages of the twentieth century* They travel in the fastest automobiles, conduct their business by wireless ani telephone; and still they are the world's worst materialists, because they have never experienced the pangs of hunger, the cold of unheated homes* They were not clothed in rags like the Hungcorian sinners; they lived in padaces and enjoyed all the luxuries offered by the twentieth century—steam heat, air conditioning, bathrooms, theaters, con- certs, schools, lectures — and still they committed horrible crimes* This, too, is terrible, but incomprehensible. This is purely pathological crimi- nality. This is the materialism that Europe abhors and for which it ridicules Amer- ical In Europe or in Hungary, poverty, the struggle for bare necessities, which is the most primitive instinct, drives some people to crime. In America, the desire for luxury, the satanic greed for wealth breeds criminals..... I H - 6 - HUMGARIAN I D 1 a III H Mag7ar Tribune , Aug, 23, 1929, I C Between the two abhorrent kinds of crime, which is the more human, the desperate or the materialistic? Vie believe that the crimes coimnitted by Americans are more deplorable, be- cause here we have democracy; we have the highest degree of prosperity among workers; and general culture is at a higher level, so that crime should be at a minimum* •••• Avarice has been a trait of mankind since the world begem and has been the curse of every age««*,e There is a great difference when one considers money in itself as the ul- timate goal, or when money is used only as a means. The overestimation of the power of money has caused most human ills, and, for centuries, has pro- voked social and class wars* Thousands of years ago Horatius wrote the following: I H I D 1 a III H I C - 7 - HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune > Aug. 23, 1929. ^oney was not made to coimnand our will. But all lawful pleasures to fulfill, Shame and woe to us, if our wealth obey, The horse doth with the horseman run away.** ...♦The Chicago Sunday Tribune's editor is afraid that America is material- istic, and to forestall an accusation to that effect, he tries to pin the charge on Europe, on poor downtrodden Hungary. Degradation will be the lot of America and Europe, too, if materialism is .allowed to take complete possession. Mutilated Hungary is already the victim of the materialistic ruling class. I H IIUInIG^LJT 13 2 I -L Ilagyar Tri bune, July 27, 19;38. (editorial by Dezso Toiiior) The thoroughbred Arnericarx is very proud of his liberty and the dei.aocracy that insures the t-reatness of this country. Hoiv free are *.ve? IIov; der.iocratic are x;e? A fev; exajnples can illustrate the untruth of these elegantly phrased slogans saii to be the .u.ierican spirit. Prohibition is one pr ^of of how little 've respect the sanctity of personal liberty. The free spirit of 1 ibor -jiZid co.jiierce, vmich made thi;i country great, will be rerLaented nov; ..nd the rest .ill follo.v ra'oiuly. I II - -d - f I B 2 I 1:; -laeyar Tribune . July 27, 1926. / The Secretary of Lc^bor has discovered tiiat many children under ton yecirs of age are wage earners. He wants to license newsboys and prohibit bootblacks from working. ;:e are not s-iying tnat this attitude of the Honorable Sacretary of Labor is right or wrong, but v/e do think that if the parents of these children-workers ..ere employed continuously and paid a living wage, child labor would auto- matically cease. A shining example of democracy was ^^iven at Bailey's Beach in Hew York. The upper "400" wouldn't allow actors and actresses to bathe at their beach — in the ocean. In their eyes these people are not in their class, therefore, they are not fit to bathe in their company — in the ocean. Beautiful examples! Pride of liberty and deriocracy! I H - 3 - HDIIQAKLil^ I B 2 ^lacyar Tribune , July 27, 1928. ^ *♦!< The most insignificant chorus girl is a worthier member of society, tiirough her work, than any of the idle rich, who — because they have millions — think that they are better than those who produce the millions for them by the sweat of their brows. This is a picture of democracy in this beautiful adopted country of ours. j^ ^ ^ 5 m. o) II D 2 V. ..^•^ T'le no;: Iriv; ^^^.ssed b;^ t'le lo -iclv-.t'ire -^t v-oriii;field, Illinois, en June .::7, 19*37, nrA -.•:"■ :'.C'..l is to booono orfectlv? Jrriurir^^ :J7 , 10:33, denls r^ dac.th blov; to our riun';-''.ri.'"-n fri^.torn^jl o" •'-".liz^.tion.o, 'sO cnnnot "p into •:. ietniled exolan'-tion oT t?i.e I'jlvj because it con-^ists of thirty yiv: 'v~nh3, Ilo-'eyer, ^;je reco'jj'.end to our sicl: benefit societies to take stops i:T"j:i.ediritoly to cjiend thoir by-l-iv/s to o^nfoni to t'le nev; lav;. Several societies have co::::^issioned Joso^Vi j^e>ete, Jr., attorney, to assist taen J. m roor'anizati^.n. .'^cccrdin'^ to the nev; l-.v;, •;: society Must h-vo ^^t lo^.st t'/o hundred ne-ibers to allov; for death and total disability ol::ins to be paid, ouch societies ^ust [ II D 2 \'' - ^- .^ Llag^^ar Tribxme , Jan. 27, 1928. have a capital of at least one thousand dollars and must from tine to time submit their books for inspection to State authorities, at the society's expense. Sick benefits in their present form are prohibited under the nev; law. The new method of reorganization Requires thatT" societies v/ishing to pay claims out of their oivn funds instead of collectin-* assessments from their mem- bers must have at least five hundred nenbors and conduct their uusiness in the same v/ay as life insurance coi.'ipanies. .. . • .''J.1 sick and death benefit societies must secure ne\. charters and chan/^e their names to meet the recuireiaents of the nev/ lav;. ^(^} Officers of the societies who fail to observe the new law, beginning January 27, 5-9*^8, will oe prosecutea and arc liable to fines ranging from t'v/enty-f ive to five hundred dollars and imprisonment of thirty days to one year. Cultural, charitable, pymnastic, and other social clubs are not affected by this I H II D 2 o I.:a^yar Triburxe, Jeji. 27, 1928. \o/ -/ ^z ./ Hiri LTO:-. ^ TM^: nev; lax7. They 'Ion*t need nev/ charters and iiqy continue activities under the old lav; of 1827. 'lie hc^ve publiG.aed only a fev/ es-^ential ooints of the new lav; to call the atten- tion of the officers of societies to the necessity j?or irruiediate action to save our Hungarian or<:.anizations. 7Je can readily see that our snail societies are facin--; a critical phase of thei] existence, but v;ith tuiely le^^.al advice, the rights of the ner.ibers ::ay oe assur- ed. The First ^'lun^.arian Tarsalro and 3ick Benefit Society has already called to- -.ether a s"')ecial neetin.^ for this v/eek to discuss reor^-anization. This nev/ST)ar)er is '^lad to be of service to the societies, and v;e ask then to in- form us of any ch'^nge in policy/ md nanes of nev; officers, so that *,7e ?iay pub- lish such news for the information of our readers. I H HDNGARIAN I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tribune , Nov. 7, 1924. I F 6 ABOUT THE PRr^SIDMTTIAL ELECTION (Editorial) On November 4, Calvin Coolidge was elected President of the United States by a big majority, and at the same time, the majority of Republican candidates were also elected to office. Since we love America deeply, we hope that this election will mean peace, happiness, prosperity, and generally speaking, good times, for the people and the coiintry. But still with all this we have more to say about the results of the election. Outside of the victor, we have two "dead" individuals with whom we must deal. V/e cannot bury these people with simple ceremonies and an ordinary farewell, because this incident is of great importance. 17e must have the bisecting (sic) knife of a doctor to carefully analyze f 1^- o>^ \i m. o \ fcV I H I D 1 a I D 2 c I F 6 - 2 - Magyar Tribune, Nov, 7, 1924, HUNGARIAN the importance of this election, and the powers of the people in wielding it. Calvin Coolidge became a presidential candidate without much effort on his part. He was well behaved in the political circles, so the Republicans selected him unanimouoly as their presidential candidate. Coolidge is not a bad fellow. He is a Puritan, he is sincere, respectable, plain, and a North American type of a man. He has kept his truly great possibilities a secret. Probably in the next four years we will see the greatness of this man. Maybe time will reveal a great man? It looks as though he will be good to the American people, even after he defeated two very prominent men: John W. Davis and Robert M. LaFollette. H - 3 - IIUNaARIAN I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tribune > Nov. 7, 1924. I F 6 Now we can say without partiality and without caiapaigning that John '?• Davis was the man best fitted and qualified for the presidency of the United States. It seems as though Davis had prepared his entire life in such a way that v/ould fit him to be the President of this great Union some day. He advanced step by step with high respect, and with truly great intelligence he represented all. He was a representative of the people, and through his various achievements he reached the highest goal. He has broad experiences in diplomatic circles, and is well versed with Democratic activities. But all this did not impress the people. The other candidate was LaFollette. His entire life was devoted to the public, and he was a fighter for the welfare of his people. He fought the big heads and individuals who were against the working people. In his own State, Wisconsin, as a law maker and Governor, he fought bitterly against graft in politics and for improved conditions for the people of his State. W.P A, °| I H I D 1 a I D 2 c I F 6 - 4 - I^lagyar Tribune , Not. 7, 1924. HUNGARIAN liVhile serving in the Senate, the trusts and big capitalists were afraid of him. He is seventy years old. Probably this was the draxv back. His talent, his experience, and his interest in the welfare of his people are far above the ability of Coolidge, and still the people did not cast their ballots for him. To compare the three platforms is useless. The Republicans are conservative. The Democrats are liberals, and the followers of LaFollette are the more radical type. But the people were impressed by the conservative type. Davis and LaFollette openly declared themselves against the Klan. Coolidge showed a rather independent attitude towards the Klan. There are thosa who believe that Coolidge is a strong believer of the principles of the Ku Klux Klan. And yet there were millions of colored people, millions of Catholics, and even millions of immigrants who voted for him. Disregarding I H I D 1 a I D 2 c I F 6 - 5 - Magyar Tribiine . Nov. 7, 1924 HUNGARIAN the Klan, these people were impressed by the Republican party and Coolidge. These people must be happy now that their hopes have come true. The reactionary leaders of the Ku Klui Klan are riding high and fast throughout the nation. The people voted, for a full kettle of meat. Prosperity and a threat of economic disturbances forced the people to vote the way they did. The present unemployment and unsettled economic conditions scared the short-sighted, spineless ones. Setting all intelligence aside, and all the other soul-stirring matters, these people believed the sweet words and flattery of the campaigners. They believed that the banks would close for the next four years, that the furnaces in the steel mills would shut down, they believed that coal and iron ore mines would cease operating, in other words, they believed that the entire industrial world would come to a standstill if Coolidge were not elected. -JTi. 7T»T' I H I D 1 a I D 2 c I F 6 - 6 - Magyar Tribune, Nov* 7, 1924 HUNGARIAN The workers of industrial organizations applauded LaFollette. Davis was met with high acclaim, but when voters stepped into the voting booths, eighteen million voted for Coolidge. LaFollette was branded as a "Red*^ through and through by the Republicans, and this proved to be the fact that made his canipaign such a failure • They could not find much fault with Davis, so they claimed that if he were elected there would be a panic, because V/all Street only favors the Republican party. IVhere is the logic? I7here will this end? It was the people, these cultured people, who took all this in and believed it. The millions of people who were entrusted v/ith the work of the Republican party did their work very well. The strength of propaganda can not be figured under conditions existing today. The one who becomes victorious is the one who has the greatest Euuount of money to spend on propaganda and this will either enlighten or fool the people, depending upon how intelligently it is used. / o I H - 7 - HONQARIAM I D 1 a I D 2 c Magyar Tribune , Nov. 7, 1924. I F 6 We must admit that the Republicans knew how to use the method of propaganda and at the same time they had enough money to publicize and spread their ideas. Clear thinking, satisfaction, advancement, and the future, seem to be secondary. The important items seem to be the meat kettle, money, and tobacco. They have forgotten about those who deprived the people of their rights and other faithless representatives, among whom, Fall, Daugherty, Denby, and their activities are not thought of. Every dcunaging veto made by Coolidge waa ^forgiven on November 4, and their motto bocame: ''Re-elect Coolidge, because he will be the one to bring good times." To the girls, silks; the boys. Fords; the fathers, radios; and the mothers, the movies. This is what the people want. O Many years ago, in the days of the Roman Empire, when it was at its height, , l](.P.A. ^J I H I D 1 a I D 2 c I F 6 - 8 - Magyar Tribune > Nov. 7, 1924 HDNGARIAN the easygoing and thoughless people asked their emperor for bread and a circus. They received both. But this powerful Roman Empire met its downfall • If the American people are looking for ordinary good times, movies, etc., at the time of election, then this great nation, which was formed under the leadership of Washington and Jefferson, will meet the same fate of Rome. This presidential election meant a back.vard step, and not one that will advance us, as it would have happened if Davis or La Follette had been elected. V/e hope v/e are false prophets, and that the election of Coolidge and Dawes will be the beginning of a more liberal form of people's rights. V/e hope this from the bottom of our hearts, but v;e will not lose sight of them. Since Coolidge is our President, even though we did not vote for him, we sincerely beg of him to talk to Morgan, Gary, Mellon, and others belonging •iKi , Aug, 29, 1924. These people feel that they can secure this, one way or the other. IVhat will the price be? Of late two very sorrowful facts shed light on this subject when someone speaks of the alarmed parents, and how they can help themselves, as well as give help to their children. One sorrowful fact is that the alarmed parents here in rich America are offer- ing their children for sale, and many of these children have been sold in order to insure a future for the child in the hands of people vdio are better finan- cially fixed than they are. The other fact is that they will relieve themselves of financial responsibility for the tiiae being at least. The psychologist might look for other motives but we doubt whether he will find any, or try to offer an explanation for this terrible situation by tracing back to find out what leads up to this horrible situation that exists in modem civil- ization. Regardless what their explanation is, it will be wrong. I H III G - 3 - Magyar Tribune, Aug. 29, 1924. HDNOARIAN This situation is not brought about by natural causes, but by an empty stomach, and especially where children are involved* Parents such as those mentioned above, should be, or are branded and condemned as incompetent parents, but at the same time they should be pitied. The people who do such pitiful things, certainly have no outlook for the future, or else they would find some other means by v;hich they could solve this problem. This is absolutely the last straw for which the parent can reach in order to save the child from starvation and other hardships, but while the parents are doing this, they are also profiting themselves with the money received from the sale. V/ealthI A nation with a hundred million (Sic) and v/ealth without limit. The bank of the world literally throwing its money away in order to take advan- tage of a less fortunate nation, and then later collecting interest on its in^es^ I H - 4 - HOMGABIAH III G Magyar Tribune > Aug. 29, 1924. ment, thereby not only creating a vast ainoTint of wealth, but also engendering a great amount of jealousy in the hearts of other nations. These riches are used only for the accuimilation of more wealth. No one seems to care how the children of this country might be saved from the hardships they are suffering, because the parent who sold the child was sup- posed to be able to take care of his children; at least that is what society claims. Ke was supposed to rear this child so that in later life, it would become a good citizen of that nation which has such a great amount of wealth, but whose wealth is not used for lightening the burdens of poverty and suffer- ing among the youth of the coming generations. This wealth is not used for the purpose of relieving those parents who bring children into this world and make good citizens for this nation. HUNGARIAN I H lia^yar Tribune , Sept .14,1917 ^^^^ ^^^ PkUJoU... MORE CRIMINALS THAN C.1N BE HANDLED This newspaper has received numerous inquiries from Hungarian citizens in regards to why so many criminals are out on the streets >when they should be behind bars in jails. This condition has impressed other people also. They in turn have called Sheriff Traeger's attention to the facts. The reason he gives for this condition is that the Cook County Jail is filled to more than capacity. The jail was built to accommodate five hundred and twenty people and at present there are eight hundred and twenty occupants. The crime rate has risen so fast that the sheriff will have to provide for more than twelve hundred prisoners within a very short time. But there is no room at the present time to take care of these criminals j arrangements are being made ^whereby the criminals will be rounded up and there will be enough room for them all. So if the citizens will wait a while, everything will be taken care of. - jj HUNGARIAN II^E 1 II E 2 II E 3 Magyar Tribune , March 15, 1917 • HUNGARIANS VICTIMS OF HYENAS The trusting and kind hearted Hungarians were very easy victims of the swindlers and had many hard earned dollars taken away from them* ifhen immigration was at its height, the Hungarians thought that they were coming to this country as mere guests of America, therefore they did not think it necessary to learn to read and write the English language. There were, however, a few exceptions and out of these exception rose the swindling hyenas. The unfortunate immigrants could not look for work, they could not write English, they could not sell, they could not buy. In other words they could not do anything unless they consulted one of the people who could read and write both Hungarian and English* I H - 2 - HUNGARIAN II E 1 II E 2 II E 3 IJagtYar Tribune « liarch 15, 1917. V . ' t „, The oldest and most profitable racket was the employment racket. vVhen the poor foreigner came to this country he was very unfamiliar with working conditions* So these labor racketeers would sign them up as strike-breakers, or put them to work clearing forests or put them down in mines .making them work under very unhealthy conditions » tind the #ages for the most of these jobs were nothing but slavery wages* But this kind of a racketeering is a thing of the past, mostly due to the fext that the Hungarian press and the government have gotten after them. But as this racket faded a new one took its place. The people gradually became acquainted with their surroundings and being of a thrifty class of people they began to save some money* So then racketeers invented new schemes to relieve the Hungarians of their wealth* With the development of fraternal organizations, such great depredations took place that these organizations remain as a sore spot in the hearts of the Hungarians. There was for example an organization that offered twenty-five dollars sick benefit and a I H - 3 - HUNGARIAN II E 1 II E 2 II E 3 Magyar Tribune % liarch 15, 1917# ^^^ ^ '^?k (ILL) PSGJ. 3027 policy worth five-hundred dollars in case of death. This was purely a fraudulent scheme. When the time came to collect, the policy proved to be nothing but a one dollar railroad ticket. Y/e know of localities where as many as twenty-five families were involved, each family paying twenty-five dollars cash for this supposed protect- ion. Now there are other rackets such as stocks and bonds, property that does not exist, and patent medicines. One of the greatest foes of these rackets, the one that has cut this racketeering down a great deal is the Hungarian Miners News » This racketeerinrr not only hurt the wealth of the people but it also makes it hard for the legitimate business man to sell reputable product. Now the better class of businecs people are starting to recognize the value of the business that might be had from the Hun:^arians in Chicago and other Eastern cities. We think it necessary to mention the Union Pacific Railroad and Fred H. Bartlett Realty Company, who have 5 I H II E 1 II £ 2 II E 3 - 4 - HUNGARIAN rtogyar Tribune, :iarch 15, 1917. WFA UlDFROJ. 30275 lent a hand in doing away with the racketeering hyenas who preyed on the Hungarian people. These two organizations offered their services and are willing to give advice of any nature • V/e therefore urge the Hungarian people to learn from the experiences of others and do business with firms, organization doctors, that have a well established repu- tation. This article is meant to be an article to educate the Hungarian people to be on their guard against swindling hyenas. I. ATTITUDES J. Interpre- tation of American History WPA (ILL) PRO.!. "0275 I J HUNGARIAN tfeigyar Tribune « July 8,1917 HIGTORY OF CHICAGO There are very few Hungarians in Chicago who know about the geographical advantages the city of Chicago possesses , or of the general history of the city. This is probably due to the fact that the average Hungarian works daily > and has very little time to devote to his own cultural development* . The purpose of this article is to familiarize those Hungarians giving in Chicago, and its vicinity, with the social standing of the city and its commercial wealth. THE FOUNDING OF CHICAGO. In 1673, Fathers Louis Joliet and Marquette, two French priests, visited this part of the country and were probably the first white men to have ever set foot on what is now known as Chicago. -/hen Father Joliet went back to siuebec ,he told the French in Canada about the possibility that Lake Michigan and the Mississippi Idver might be connected. - 2 - HUNGiiRIAN KJagyar Tribune , July 8, 1917. ^^r-A {ILL) PRoj_ 33275 In 1777, John de Saublaja trader, built the first wocxien house in what is now the corner of Kinzie and - ine Sts. Seventeen years later i)e Sauble sold this house to another trader by the name of Le Ivlai, who in turn sold it to John Kinzie^ The first fort was Fort Dearborn at l^ichigan Avenue and the river ^builx in 1803^ In 1812 the Indians set fire to the /ort and burned it to the ground. Captain Hail and his men who were at the f crx cried to escape to Detroit, but were ambushed by the Indians, and were all killed in the vicinity of what is nav 18th Street. Today, in memory of these men, a monument stands at l@th Street and Prairie Ave. in 1816 another fort was built which became the start of one of the world's foremost cities* In 1830 a group of people decided that this would be an ideal location for a city. In 1833 it was incorporated as a village, and in 1837 as a city. In 1848 the first railroad came into Chicago, and from that time on the city grew with leaps and bounds. The population in 1853 was 50,113 after that the - 3 - nuiMU.-mj.AH Itagyar Tribune, July 8, 1917 m (ILL) PROJ. 30275 population grew as follows: 1864 - - 1868 - - 1872 - - 1880 - - 1888 - - - 169,653 - 252, C54 - 367,391 - 491,516 - 802,951 1890 - - 19G0 - - 1910 - - 1915 - - 1917 - - 1 5 2 Co )669 2,C07,695 2,189,520 2,550,000 2, 633, COO The city today is twenty-six rniles long and fourteen and one-half miles wide. It covers aji area of two hundred square miles. It has 4,700 miles of streets. It uses 615,000,000 gallons of water per day. It has three hundred schools. A million and a half people get on emd off trains here, and Chicago's park area is 3,750 acres. In Chicago there are forty-three different nationalities represented. Chicago has more bwe^^s, Norwegians, B)haraiani andHussians than any other city in the United States, ana i\ew York is the only other city that has a larger German population. I. ATTITUDES K. Position of Women and Feminism I K I D 2 c I B 3 c II D 2 II D 1 HDNGARIAN Magyar Tribune > August 25, 1933* THE HDNGARIAN-AM3RIGAN TOMM AND OUR SICK BENEFIT ASSOCIATIONS On June 23 , 24, and 25 a very important grand meeting was held in Ctiicago* Delegates from all over the country gathered here to find a solution to important problems and to seek ways and means to heal the painful wounds inflicted on the Hungarian-American associations by the economic crisis which started four years ago» During its three days* debate the Convention worked out such a splendid program that were we to follow it with joined forces, we could remedy our grave situation in spite of all calumnies and hindrances, and could retain among us the old and jobless members, who otherwise would have to be dropped* As one of the delegates present at this worthy grand meeting, I find it essential that, regardless of what association we belong to or if we do not TO O Z.T- I K - 2 - HDNGARIAN I D 2 c I B 3 c Magyar Tribune , August 25, 1933. II D 2 II D 1 belong to any institution, and regardless of our religion, we, the Hungarian-American women, establish connection with this movement to fulfill the magnificent program laid down by the Convention. Sister compatriots and workersl Let us see what is our situation today. :^ In these critical times of unemployment, which has lasted already four :S years, our husbands, fathers, and sons have been unable to work. Haven't -- we been, as the workmen's wives and mothers, the ones most bitterly touched -^ and stricken? ',le are the ones who have to think about the future, of what ^ will happen to us in case of sickness or deatht Through years we have been o saving our pennies to pay the dues of different sick benefit associations, ^, giving even our last cent so that we could get something in return in case ^ of sickness or death in the family. Now we find we may lose even this, and "^ there are many who have already lost this consolation. Hungarian sisters I Just think what would become of us and our poor little orphans if we lose our last ditch of defense and are left without a penny? I K - 3 - HDNQARLAN I D 2 c I B 3 c Magyar Tribune , August, 25, 1933. II D 2 • II D 1 There are cases In which many of our sisters have not enough money left to bury their dead, because they have lost that for which they paid through many years and on which th^ built their hopes as on something positively certain. It is a very, very sad situation in- deed. ^ Sister countrywomen! Hungarian working womenj The time has arrived. Let -r::. us all get out and help save what there is yet to save! Let us join and p participate in this great work for the common interest of the Hungarian- X Americans, which will succeed provided we start immediately and stay unitedl o The aim of the National Protective Federation of the Hungarian-American g Associations is to retain the aged aod unemployed members on the rolls and "^ to reinstate those who have already been dropped; besides this, it seeks government aid for the associations, €uid there is a possibility that this aid will be obtained. I K - 4 - HONQARIAN I D 2 c I B 3 c Magyar Tribune , August 25, 1933. II D 2 II D 1 Poirward sister working womenl To action for our coimon interests^ A* S. Working Woman. IE* o I K HUNG/^ilAN I B 3 a I H Magyar Tribune , Jan, 13, 1928 THE MARRIAGE AND BIRTH COimtOL l.iOVSiJ,iENT by Dr« Erno Lo winger (Editorial) In last week*s Neiv York newspapers, I have read that the V/omen's City Glub — whose membership includes not only women of ::ev^ York but the most prominent and nationally famous women of iimerica — will officially support the Birth Control Amendment, which bill will be introduced in the New York State House of Representatives, This amendment v/ould permit physicians to instruct married couples in the methods of birth control and in soiiie cases to perform surgical abortion. The social significance of this amendment and the support given it by a nationally known women's club, can be called revolutionary. I K I B 3 a I H - 2 - Magyar Tribune , Jan. 13, 1928 HDNGARIAN Newspapers haven't given much space to comments on this new issue, possibly because of habitual prudery or because the general reader is probably not interested in this question. Headlines about the Nicaraguan military ex- cursion, Lindbergh's brave flying maneuvers, or a sensational kidnaping, distract the attention of the public* However, we wish to look into this matter. The institution of marriage has gone through such radical changes in the last twenty-five years that now one of the most important phases of marriage, sexual life, will he governed by laws, according to the nev/s article. Woman's emancipation, woman's freedom, woman's equality with man, woman's economic independence caused this revolutionary movement. What was woman's calling previously? I K I B 3 a I H - 3 - Magyar Tribune > Jan* 15, 1928, HDNCiAHlAN Marriage and problems arising in married life. In the days before the twentieth century, the poorest as well as the wealthiest families brought up their daughters to be wives. The girl viio failed to get married before she reached the age of thirty missed her aim in life and was a disappointment to her parents. She became an old maid, the most tragic fate of a girl in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The modern woman in many instances keeps her job after marriage. She does not approach marriage with the same ideals as her grandmother did At present, stringent laws prohibit birth control and abortions, but it is safe to say that both in Chicago and in Budapest not a day passes without violations I K - 4 - I B 3 a I H HUNGimiAN Magyar Tribune , Jan. 13, 1928. On the other hand, if birth control would be legal, women wouldn't be forced to go through illegal operations which endanger their lives. In Hungary, especially in the counties of Baranya, Somogy, and Zala, it has become a prevailing custom to have only one child per family. In America, the land of milk and honey, there are usually two heirs in each family. The only exception to this rule is the immigrant family. We are slightly more prolific • • • . Ben Lindsey, a Denver judge, wrote a book about companionate marriage and birth control. This book elicited wide publicity in nev/s papers..... Judge Lindsey advocates trial marriages lasting two years and resulting in. no offspring, and then, if both parties find the arrangement satisfactory, to marry and raise a family. According to J\idge Lindsey, the wife's place is in the home and the husband should be the provider. I K I B 3 a I H - 5 - Magyar Tribune , Jan. 13, 1928 HDNGimiAN There are friends and opposers of Judge Lindsey^s ideas Whether we approve of Judge Lindsey*s theories or not, we do think that it is time something was done about the tottering institution of marriage* American public opinion is aroused, which means that there will be changes in the principles of married life I feel that I did the right thing in writing about this new American problem so that my Hungarian brethren may be well informed. In our own circles- family, church, and social — this matter should be discussed and thoughts exchanged. I K I C HUNGARIAN I^Iagyar Tribune , Aug. 13, 1926* TKi; POSITION OF 770LISN IN THE V/ORLD (Sditorial) Everyone knows that a great change has taken place in the econoraic and social activities of Europe and the United States during the past hundred years. The working conditions of women were naturally affected by these changes. Their educational and political status also under.vent great changes during this period. Up to the end of the nineteenth century, women's duties were confined to the home; they did their work the same way that they had been doing it for many hxindreds of years previously. The upkeep of the home was left to the various members of the family. The care of the home, and the care of the children were the primary duties of the housewife. These duties took up most of her time. Business played a very unimportant part in man's life during this period. The necessities of life were provided for by man's own labor and by nature, ilducational opportunities in those days as compared 1 I K C - 2 - TIDlNra\RIAN Magyar Tribune , Aug. 13, 1926 with today were almost negligible. The girls learned their domestic knowledge at home. In those days regardless of to what social class a ,o;irl belonged, it was impossible for har tc go to a university in order to prepare herself for a professional position. In most countries the women could not assume a position lawfully in government circles. The citizenship status of women was not considered anj'- more than was that of a child, a woman could not make a contract. She could not sue anyone nor could she be sued by anyone. If she committed a crime, the husband or the leather was held responsible. A v/ife could not own property. She had very few rights over her Children. If a woman \7orked for a salary, the salary automatically became the property of her husband. '.Vith the opening of the pr3sent century however, a great change took place. Large factories sprang up in every field of manufacture, and machines were /f n^ o ^ y M^a^ I K I C - 3 - HUITOARIAIT 2.1agyar Tribune , Aug. 13, 1926 invented to make wor^cing conditions easier; girls and women were hired to run these .^nachines* Cities and si.iall towns became industrial centers where men, women and even children made their way to work to make their own living. As industry developed, the people bacane specialized in certain fields of work. As this change came about, seme of the women realized that they were as capable in the business world as were the men. They opened places of business and hired women for sales jobs. As women went into business, the realization developed slowly that they were highly suitable for office positions. As time went on, the younger girls were attracted to the business and factory world vrhere they would work from the time they left school until they got married. v;ith the opening of the era of women in industry, different countries realized that laws had to be enacted xirhich would protect women against long hours and other hazardous conditions, as women became more and more involved in industry and business, laws were enacted which enabled them to acquire education on the same basis as men. However, in iluropean countries cultural education among women is stressed more than anything else. \ ^.?.1\. O^ A ^ ] I K - 4 - HUl^OARIAN I C Magyar Tribune , Aug. 13, 1926. There isn*t a country in the world vrhich affords the educational opportunities to men and women that the United otates does. It has been these educational opportunities ivhich have made it possible for women to become doctors and other specialized workers. The status of women has changed legally and politically. In different countries different changes have taken place, but what we think is the most important is that women got the right to vote. Nonmy was the first country to grant suffrage to women. VJith this change came the right of women to represent the people in parliament, congress or other governmental activities. There are still countries where women have not gained the right to vote. But in these countries, the women are up in arms and are demanding their rights, which is no more than just. Women are as capable as men in most instances, and therefore they should have the saoie rights. ' o^ LA I G - 5 « ;Uji^(>. J^Lx- ...aryar tribune , AU:^. 13, Vj26. The purpose of this article: is that v.e v.ant our people to becoif.e acquainted v.ith the social activities of Ihe v;o..:en of .Lrierica, ■.e v;ant our Chicago Hun.raricin reaae:s to ImrA; ho;, tne i.oiiien advanced step by step, "-.e want our ;;omen to realize the ecucational oppor- tunities tl.ey have. ' e uant the.-i to rzioi. what oppoi-tunitieb av:ait tne..i in tne business ivorlc. or in tne i'ield of politics. V.-e think that as lone as these opport..nities er.ist, v.onen should tane ac.va:itane Oi ther^. HUNGARIAN I K I d Magyar Tribune , inarch 8,1917. HUNGARIAN AIi.^ERICAN 7/OMEN. )i^?h (!LL.» riiijJ.dOm We Hungarian Americans OAre certain duties to the United states government regardless of whether we be men or women. Men or women, the United States takes care of us, whether in time oi peace or war. The United States does not regard the men or women as enemies oi this country. From this point of view we think it necessary that the Hungarian American women take part in patriotic movements in this country. One way that the Hungarian American women can show their colors is by joining the Loyalty League. By joiring the league you can show your appreciation and good patriotism for the protection and equality granted you during this war. The Hungarian American women must think of the fact that their husbands have been given the opportunities to earn their own daily bread and amply provide for their families. The Hungarian American women must think of the fact that the Loyalty - 2 - I K I G HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune^ Mar. 8, 1917 • League is here to protect your husband and his family. W^A /la.) Pi^-J 30/75 The Hungarian American women must bear in mind the fact that this country is such a wonderful place to live in and the opportunities that it offers. After thinking all these things over it is very apparent that it is the duty of the Hungarian American woman to join, and become a faithful member of the Loyalty League. It is only natural that women would think about their homeland and wonder what is happening there, and in their own little communities from which they came to this country. 3y joining the league the Hungarian women can show the government and make them realize that the Hungarian population of America is doing its duty very patrioticctlly. Perhaps by realizing this the government will open the channels for mail between this country and Hungary. Every Hungarian American woman should step into the Hungarian American Loyalty — * - 3 - HUNGARIAN Magyar Tribune , Mar. 8, 1917. League. She owes this to herself and to her family and thereby lives up to the standards of ^^^ood partiotism towards the United States government. 1. ATTITODES L. Agricul- ture in the United States ■^ V I L I D 2 c WPA Nov. 7, 1930. FACTORY WORORS, IGN^J^^S, POOR HUNa^J/XlISJ. You who would like to be your own bosses, but have realized that no matter how long you have worked in factories or mines you will never be independent- -think about our proposal! We have fifty thousand acres of first-class land in the northwestern part of Florida, and we offer half of this land for Hungarian colonization. Our climate is the healthiest, our water the best, our roads excellent, and our land located near two main railway lines. The staters Agriculture and Farm Bureau and other experts declare that our land is the best. Our winters last only six weeks, and the thermometer seldom drops to the freezing point. The summer season is mild; although we are in the South, we are close to the ocean and the temperature rarely rises to ninety degrees. There is enough rain, especially when needed, and there is never a drought. In the middle of Janua we are already planting potatoes,,,,. I L - 2 - HONaARIAN III A IV Magyar Tribune , Nov. 7, 1930. lie take our products to market from March xintil June, when the best price is paid for them. Furthermore, we can raise two or three crops on the same land, and it is not to be wondered at that often one acre of land produces a hundred dollars' worth. Our lands provide an assured livelihood for all, even older people, who wish to work . To the first settlers we give loans and provide credit; moreover, we furnish them with houses and let them uae our tilled soil, thereby assisting them in getting a start • All we ask" is that under the guidance of our experts they work industri- ously, so that they may become independent and help other of our Hungarian brethren to prosperity. We will sell excellent land, also, to those who have enough cash to start work without assistance. However, if the quota of the first settlers is already filial and some of our Hungarians do not have sufficient money to invest and become onoro I L - 3 - HUNGARIAN III A IV Magyar Tribune > Nov. 7, 1930. of the first settlers, we welcome them also and offer them very advantageous termB* In December of this year we wish to begin colonizing, but anyone who applies after that date will not be too late, although the advantages offered to the first settlers will be withdrawn. Write in English or Hungarian. Among the first settlers there are two Hungarian Reformed ministers, whose detailed plans have been accepted. They have made it possible for this company to offer such remarkable advantages to the agricultural Hungarian people. Write directly to us or to: Reverend G. Garay, 8506 Burley Avenue, Chicago, or to Reverend J. M. Hanko, Milwaukee, V/isconsin. The 7/est Florida Land Owners Association I L HUNGARIAN T : Otthon, Oct. 12, 1930. COLONIZATION OF HDNGARIAI© A ccxnmittee of five went to Florida at the invitation of the Florida Indus- trial Corporation to view tihe land owned by then and offered zo the Bulgarians for colonization piirposes. Ttie committee spent five days in Florida investi- gating conditions. The aim of this committee is 'oo find a suitable place to settle for those Hungarians who are tired of working in factories and would rather farm their land as they did in Hungary. The report of the committee S is as follows: ^ "life came to the conclusion that the 250,000 acres of land offered by the Florida Industrial Corporation to the Hxmgarians for colonization purposes is the most acceptable proposition. The land is fertile and free of pebbles. Anyone wishing more information may inquire of Wendell Hajdn, Charles Boros, David A. Kovach, C. E. Katona, and Louis MeS2;aros, committee members." CO U. Health and Sanltat Ion I M I C I K liUliaiRL-J'J Llagyar Tribune, June 18, 1926. D}ii;vTII ILJUI .U.IOIIG B^^EIilS (ICditorial) ^ ^ .-r~x More than a quarter of a nillion babies die yearly in the United States, or in other v;ords, more than a million babies are lost every four ^/ears. This figure is aiiazing, and it means that \7e, as a civilized nation, must do some- thing about this situation* According to baby specialists in the medical field, the death rate among babies can be lowered. This terrible death rate among babies must awaken society to realize that it must be stopped* 'Je all know or should knov; that in order that a child may be healthy, the mother must receive proper care before and after the child is born, and the child in turn must receive proper medical care v;hen it is born and proper parental care after it is born. The above-m.entioned things are the only means by v/hich we, as a human and civilized race, can save yearly a quarter of a million babies. V/e must realize that the iTX>rtality rate among mothers, in seventeen nations, is I U -2- HUlIGi\RI^iN I K l^Iagyar Tribune, Jiine 18, 1926. much lower than it is here in the United States; we also knov; that the death rate among babies is lower in nine nations than it is here. The aid of every person is needed to help lov/er this death rate. V/e Hungarians are especially concerned because the birth rate per family amongst us seems to be a little higher than the average. We must protect the children and the mothers in order tiiat the futu.re f^eneration may be clean, strong and healthy, thereby ensuring a strong, able-bodied nation. mm II. CONTRI- HJTI0N5 AND ACTIVITIES A, Vocational 1# Professional II A 1 HUNGi\RIAN / Otthon, Oct. 28, 1934* HONGARLW OCULIST '^^^•' '^^-»-^02/5 Dr. Edward J. V/einberg, our compatriot, has recently earned his diploma with high honors. Dr. »Veinberg has taken offices at the Mailers Building, 5 South Wabash Arenue. As our most precious possession is our eyesight, we must guard it well. Those who are suffering from any eye ailment, will do well to consult a skilled oculist. To our best knowledge. Dr. Weinberg is the only Hungarian eye specialist at present in Chicago. His office hours are daily from 10 A. M. until 8:30 P. M» Make your appointment by phone. Dearborn 2485. II A 1 WPA (ILU ^M. 30275 IIDNaARIAN Otthon . Jiily 22, 1934. r;;c Chicago university prozsssors on HDl^^GARIAIT CULTURE Dr. John Shapley and Dr. Alexander Shusko, professors of the Chicago University, have, in their research, come to the conclusion that long ago European civilization was not exclusively Latin and Creek, but was affected greatly by the people of Asia, particularly, the Turanians and liagyars. The distinguished professors made an intensive study in other lines of the culturt of Hungary in the 11th Centiiry. The Royal Crown shows unmistakably Eastern art. These eminent professors believe that the superior culture of the ancient tiagyars will soon be recognized, evidenced by the important data which has been collected for years. This is the iaim of Doctor Shapley and Doctor Shusko. Last Monday, they WPA (JLL; mi 3i}Z/ - 2 - HUNOAHIAN Otthon, July 22, 1934. invited some Hungarian leaders to confor with and urge their cooperation, and also to show results of their research to date. The activities of these two internationally knov/n professors have met v;ith little appreciation shown by the Hungarians, but v/e hope that their interest will be aroused soon^ because, from a Hungarian point of view, this ivork is fostering a better understanding.